THE FOLLOWING HAVE BEEN REGISTERED:

AN TIR

Albrecht Maximilian von Aachen. Name and device. Or, on a pale between two dragons combatant queue-forchy gules a flanged mace inverted Or.

Andrew of Dragon's Mist. Holding name and device. Sable, a wolf's head erased Or between the horns of a crescent and on a chief argent three mullets sable.

Submitted as Wege Teague.

Antonio Giovanni Pecoraro. Device. Per fess embattled azure and sable, three increscents and two quill pens crossed at the nibs in chevron inverted Or.

Balthazar the Quiet. Name.

You might let him know that the byname would have been better as the Coye, from the French coi, "quiet, still, shy". Coy appears to have been the more popular word.

Brian Creaven. Device. Sable, on a horse rampant between three crosses crosslet fitchy argent another sable.

Versus the Count of Poictesme (Fabulous Heraldry, p. 10), Sable, a horse forcene argent, there are CDs for the addition of the secondary crosses and for the addition of the tertiary cross.

Caitlyn Emrys. Badge. Vert, a peacock head erased argent.

Versus a number of [Field], a [specific bird - eagle, hawk, puffin, swan]'s head argent, there is in each case a CD for the field and another for the change in type of the bird's head. While we do not believe that there would be a CD between a peacock's head and a phoenix's head, as both have a significant and similarly-shaped crest, the difference between a peacock's head and any other specific bird's head are the equivalent of the difference between an eagle's head and a griffin's head, for which we also grant a CD.

Caradoc ap Robert MacConnechy. Name and device. Per bend sable and vert, a fist armored Or sustaining a trumpet fesswise argent.

Though unusual, Harpy was able to lend support for this form of the name.

Caterina de' Conigli. Name.

Submitted as Caterina de' Conìglio, the accent on the byname is part of the pronunciation guide of de Felice, not a part of the name. De' is a contraction of dei, a contraction of di + i, "of the [masculine plural], while coniglio is singular. The plural of coniglio is conigli, just as the plural of medico is medici. We have therefore corrected the grammar to match the article and noun in number.

Ceara na Tuatha. Name and device. Per pale vert and Or, in pale a cat sejant affronty gules and an open book argent.

Submitted as Ceara a'tuath, the byname was an ungrammatical form of na tuatha, "of the peasantry". We have therefore corrected the grammar as the submitter allowed. [It was noted by Hund and Oakenwald that the device is incorrect, as it depicts a relationship between the charges which would not occur in nature: the cat should be sitting on the book, not beside it. J]

Désirée Aurelia Chiarastella. Name.

Elrich the Wanderer. Name.

You might let him know that this would be even better as an all-German name - Elrich Wanderer.

Godfrey von Ravensburg. Name.

The German form of the forename would be Godfrid, and would go with the locative better than the English form.

Harold of Kenneydell. Device. Vert, two bendlets sinister sable fimbriated argent.

Marcus René Sebastian Dubois. Device. Quarterly sable and gules, on a sun Or a whelk shell gules within a bordure Or.

Mary of Southwinds Castle. Name and device. Per pale Or and gules, a heart within a bordure counterchanged.

Mateusz z Plocka. Name.

Submitted as Mateusz z Plock, the preposition z requires the genitive case, which here would add an "a" to the locative. As the submitter allowed it, we have added it here.

Olivia Visconti. Name and device. Purpure, a doe statant regardant contourny between three mullets of eight points argent.

Pariselle Chouet. Name.

Pendale, Shire of. Name.

Porte de l'Eau, Canton of. Badge. [Fieldless] A lizard tergiant azure goutte d'eau.

Silvanus of Ciltern. Name and device. Gules, an oak tree eradicated within an orle argent.

Thalassia de Rijkaard. Device. Argent, five compass stars in annulo azure and a base engrailed barry engrailed azure and argent.

ATLANTIA

Ælfwyn av Bornholm. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Ælfwyn av Boenholm, the e/r switch was a misreading of the "r" of the submitter's forms.

Caitlyn O' Duirnin. Badge (with Ranulf of Waterford). [Fieldless] A Canterbury cross per pale gules and argent.

Versus St.Chad (Fabulous Heraldry, Combo II), Per pale argent and gules, a cross potent quadrate counterchanged, there is a CD for fieldlessness and another for the change to the type of cross (straight arms vs. formy, plus the markedly rounded ends vs. straight); and Hospital of St. Thomas (Papworth, p. 610) Azure, a cross patty per pale gules and argent, with a CD for fieldlessness and another for the change to the type of cross.

Elisabeth MacAlester of Kintyre. Alternate persona name Awashima Kanoe.

Hannah Cameron. Name.

Johann Caldron. Name and device. Quarterly per pale dovetailed argent and azure, in bend two pairs of swords in saltire sable.

Submitted as Johann Coldron, the citation cited in the LoI was misread -- it is for Stephen Caldron. Since there seemed to be no justification for the o/a switch, we have substituted the documented form.

Katherine d'Armagh. Name.

Katherine Luvel. Name.

Morgan Wolfsinger. Badge. [Fieldless] A wolf sejant ululant contourny argent, sustaining a harp reversed vert.

Peter Hawkyns. Name change from Simon the Itinerant.

His currently registered name, Simon the Itinerant, is retained as an alternate persona name.

CAID

Edric Aaron Hartwood. Household name only (see RETURNS for badge) for Domus Draconis Argentei.

Ianthe Delfini del Mare. Device. Vert, two natural dolphins haurient respectant within a orle of ivy Or.

Johannes of Amstelveen. Device. Or, a dolphin naiant contourny, on a chief rayonny azure three bees proper, winged Or.

Kelvin of Tynedale. Device. Counter-ermine, a chevron Or between three cups and a chief embattled argent.

Magdalene Katherine MacDonald. Name.

Submitted as Magdalen Katherine MacDonald, the submitter desired a spelling of the given with a final "e". Given some small argument for the likelihood of such a spelling, and the fact that no reasonable case can be made against it, we have restored the submitter's desired spelling.

Manfried Odo von Falkenmond. Name change from Manfried von Falkenmond.

CALONTIR

Anthun Breathnach. Name.

You might let him know that Anthun Brethnach would better match the time period of the given and the byname.

Clothilde Genevieve des Cendres. Name.

Submitted as Clothilde Genevieve Madeline des Cendres, no documentation has been found to support the use of three given names. As the third given was not in the French form of the rest of the name, we have dropped it in order to register the name.

Conor MacColl. Name and device. Gules, a Celtic cross ermine, its annulet in the form of a serpent vorant of its tail, a bordure engrailed Or.

Dafydd ap Owain ap Cadell Caer yn Arfon. Name and device. Vert, a pale barry wavy argent and azure, overall an equal-armed Celtic cross Or.

Submitted as Dafydd Trawd ap Owain ap Cadell yr Caer-yn-Arfon, the documentation submitted only supported trawd as meaning "journey", not as traveller. As he could not be a journey himself, and as no one could suggest a reasonable alternate without knowing, as Harpy noted, why he was travelling, we are dropping the element. Welsh does not normally use the definite article for placenames in names. We have therefore dropped it. The hyphens are a modern convention, so we have deleted them.

Draigen MacConn. Badge. [Fieldless] On a wolf's paw appaumy erased argent a wolf's head ululant sable.

Dunstan Godricson. Name and device. Per fess and per chevron throughout gules and argent, three alphyns passant argent.

Fearghus O'Shannon. Badge. [Fieldless] A tiger's jambe couped argent, marked sable.

Michael van Bergen. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Mihangel ap Gruffydd. Name and device. Per chevron rayonny gules and argent, two pheons and a griffin segreant, a bordure rayonny counterchanged.

Reynard d'Outremer. Name.

Ursula of York. Name and device. Per fess and per chevron throughout Or and sable, two angels and a unicorn rampant sable.

Valdemar Gullstjarna. Device. Potenty argent and sable, a mullet between three swords in pall, points to center, Or.

You might let him know that this would be better if he would "beef up" the swords a little.

Vladimir Zinonovich. Device. Per fess rayonny argent and gules, a wolf's head cabossed sable and three crampons argent.

Like any other charge which is longer than it is wide, crampons are palewise by default.

Weland Healfdene. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Weland Healf-Dene, the combined form of the byname would normally have been written as a single word or as two separate words without the hyphen. We have modified the byname to the closest form to the one submitted.

DRACHENWALD

Adina von der Heide. Name and device. Per chevron azure and argent, three crosses of four ermine spots one and two Or and a rose purpure barbed and seeded proper.

Alasdair of Glastonbury. Name and device. Argent, an owl contourny gules perched upon a sword, on a chief azure a crescent argent.

Versus Morag Ruadh (SCA), Argent, a raven gules, on a chief azure two crescents argent, there are CDs for changing the type of the primary charge and for reversing its orientation. While some of the commentary noted that "counting multiple CDs for outline differences leads to absurdities where two charges count more difference from each other than they do from other charges precisely because they are similar enough to be capable of sharing subsidiary attributes of posture and/or orientation", noting that "a mullet has far more difference from either a lion rampant or a wolf passant than the latter two have from each other. It simply would not be reasonable if the mullet could only get a single CD from the wolf or lion, but the wolf and lion could count separate type and posture CDs from each other." But by application of RfS X.2., however, we do allow a mullet to have more difference from a lion or a wolf than we allow them to have from each other, and the perceived lack of reasonability noted then seems a lot more reasonable.

Anund Vittfarne. Name and device. Sable, a Thor's hammer and on a chief argent a Norse sun cross sable between two Cornish choughs proper.

Brian de Meer. Name and device. Per pale gules and argent, a Maltese cross elongated to base and a chief indented all counterchanged.

Cordula von Wolfstein. Device. Argent, on a lozenge throughout azure a Pyrenean mountain dog passant argent, collared Or, maintaining a sword proper all within a bordure purpure.

Erik Leifsson Halvdöve. Name.

Gunnar Olofsson. Name and device. Per saltire sable and gules, in pale two boars passant and in fess to casts sejant, all within a bordure argent.

Iliana Ingvardsdotter. Name.

Katharina von der Waldweise. Device. Per pale azure and Or, a Russian firebird displayed counterchanged and in chief a coronet gules, all within on a bordure engrailed three roundels counterchanged.

Martin Ragnarsson. Badge. Quarterly sable and argent, a fret counterchanged.

Michael DeLacy. Device. Vert, on a pile sable fimbriated a sun, and on a chief Or a lion passant purpure.

Submitted on the LoI as Michael de_Lacy, the name was registered as above in September 1991.

Stefan von der Heide. Name and device. Argent semy of musical notes sable, on a pale gules a rackett Or.

Documentation was presented for the rackett, and this does indeed appear to be a standard form for the instrument. Versus The Magistrates Association (Combined Ordinary, Vol. 1, p. 572, from Public Heraldry), Ermine, on a pale gules, a mace Or, there is a CD for the difference between ermine and argent semy of musical notes, and a second for the change to type and orientation of the tertiary charge (the "fatter" of a mace is by default to chief; "inversion" of the fat end here is sufficient to count for orientation).

Thora Asbiornsdottir. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Listed as a name change in the LoI, this is a new submission to Laurel.

EAST

Aileve of Windhaven. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Ailis Catriona Mac an Toisich. Device. Ermine, three chevronels braced and in chief two bears combattant gules.

Avelguarde the Wanderer. Device. Sable, on a bend sinister argent three roses barbed and seeded proper, in dexter chief a skull argent.

Please let him know that the secondary charge should be drawn larger.

Bjorn Urho of the Pines. Name and device. Argent, a pine cone inverted and upon a chief vert, an arrow reversed argent.

Brianna McBain. Name change from Brianna of the Horses and device. Quarterly sable and gules, a horse passant argent and in chief three foxes' masks Or.

Brion Domhnall Mac Ghille Brighde. Badge. Azure, a claymore inverted surmounted by a catamount passant Or between four thistles two and two argent.

Submitted as Brion Domhnall MacGhille Brighde, the name was registered as above in December 1992.

Bruinnech Longstrider. Name.

The byname is grandfathered to her through her husband.

Cahan Kyle. Badge. [Fieldless] A seven-headed dragon statant gules.

[Blazoned in the LoI as a seven-headed hydra, Parker (p. 123) notes that a hydra has only two legs. As this has four, we have reblazoned it as a seven-headed dragon.] Versus Rouge Dragon Pursuivant, A dragon passant gules; Henry VII, et al. (Combo II, cited from Fox-Davies), A dragon passant gules; Wales (flag), Per fess argent and vert, a dragon passant gules; the Prince of Wales (Boutelle's Heraldry), A dragon passant Gules, gorged of a label Argent; and Venebles (Papworth, p. 983), Argent, a wyvern passant Gules, among others, there is a CD for fieldlessness. It was the consensus of those attending the Laurel meeting and a some of the commenters that the change in the number of heads, from one to seven, was the visual equivalent of adding wings; that is, worth a CD. While we do not normally grant a CD for change to the number of heads (e.g., eagles vs. double-headed eagles), the difference between seven heads and one head is sufficiently remarkable that it should be worth such a difference on a primary charge.

Caitriona Meehan. Name.

Dagonell Collingwood of Emerald Lake. Badge change. [Fieldless] A slipper vair.

His currently registered badge, An ankle boot vair, is released.

Darerca Ní Dhonndubháin. Name.

Submitted as Darerca Ó Donndubhain, the name was combining a feminine forename with the masculine form of the surname. We have corrected the gender of the patronymic particle, and made the appropriate grammatical corrections to the patronymic (aspiration, etc.).

Dyan O'Choda. Device. Argent, on a bend between two bunches of grapes purpure, three hawk's bells palewise Or.

Étaín Dhomhnullach. Name change from Étaín MacDhomhnuill.

Submitted as Étaín Domhnullach, the byname requires aspiration after the feminine given. We have corrected the byname accordingly.

Flavius Sagittarius. Device. Azure, three piles in point between two arrows inverted in pile argent, a bordure argent hurty.

Please let him know that the piles should be drawn so that their points come almost the to bottom point of the shield, nearly touching the bordure.

Fukuzawa Mitaka Koyata Sukemitsu. Name.

Gauen Wydefare. Name and device. Or, a lozenge gules between six pellets one, two, two, and one.

Please ask him to "fatten up" the roundels.

Gwenhevare de Lacy. Name.

Ise Jogoru Kazunori. Name and device. Sable, a trillium between three cranes volant in annulo addorsed Or.

Kari Stormeye. Device. Per chevron ermine and sable, three griffins segreant counterchanged.

Konrad von Buren. Name.

Margrethe Anelsesløs. Device. Checky argent and azure, on a pale sable three crosses crosslet argent.

Michal Almond de Champagne. Device. Ermine, a goblet purpure within a bordure purpure semy-de-lys argent.

Njal Virtanen. Name and device. Per saltire sable and argent, four hammers counterchanged.

Nice armory!

Rhys Woolf. Device. Per pale argent and Or, a lion, tail nowed, purpure within a bordure azure.

[And they said it couldn't be done! (Get a single rampant lion in relatively simple armory)]

Samuel Grunfeld. Name.

Ysabeau de Saint Wanderielle. Badge. [Fieldless] A crescent per pale Or and sable charged with a mullet of eight points counterchanged.

[Please explain to the submitter that her name was registered as de Saint Wanderielle, not du.]

MERIDIES

Aengas Macc Laídig. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Aonghas Macc Laídech, the given is a modern form while the remainder of the name is an old form. We have therefore modified the spelling of the given to match the timeframe of the remainder of the name. Additionally, the use of the patronymic particle requires the use of the genitive. We have modified the patronym accordingly.

Bryce MacLaren. Name and device. Barry nebuly sable and Or, on a bend gules a sword inverted Or.

Damiano Elie Bellini. Name and device. Per pale ermine and sable, a seadragon per pale sable and argent, a chief indented azure.

Ian MacIneirie of Inverary. Name.

Submitted as Ian MacInneirghe of Inverary, the patronymic was Gaelic while the remainder of the name was Englished. As no examples have yet been adduced for combining fully Gaelic forms with Englished forms, we have made the smallest change possible and Englished the patronymic.

Jeffrey of Meridies. Holding name and device. Sable, on a pale Or a lion rampant gules, issuant from base a demi-sun overall argent.

Submitted as Xavier Tormod Macleod.

Katheryn Spencer. Device. Sable, a lion's head cabossed between flaunches and on a chief Or two arrows inverted in saltire sable, flighted vert.

Raven Blacloke. Name and device. Argent, two scarpes between a raven rising and a heart-shaped padlock sable.

Excellent name!

MIDDLE

Abu Da'ud al-Raschid al-Bodrumi. Name.

Alethea of Harwich. Name.

Árdchreag, Canton of. Device. Vert, four arrows in cross points to center, on a chief indented argent a mountain couped gules between two laurel wreaths vert.

Please let them know that they should draw the heads and fletchings of the arrows more boldly. The ones on the large emblazon are barely acceptable.

Barbary de Folo. Name change from Beryl de Folo.

Cateline Geneviève du Mont. Device. Quarterly argent and vert, a horse rampant contourny within a bordure embattled Or.

Cerridwen of Crowford. Device. Purpure, on a plate between three mullets argent a crow volant bendwise sinister sable.

Cornelius the Sage. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Dmitrii Volkovich. Badge change. [Fieldless] An ermine statant Or surmounted by an oar ermine.

Listed on the LoI as a new badge, the documentation indicated quite clearly that it is a badge change. The submitter releases his currently registered badge, An ermine rampant Or surmounted by and sustaining an oar bendwise inverted ermine.

Dmitrii Volkovich. Alternate persona name of Dmitrii Volkovich synStanislavov.

Eadmund Garthson. Name and device. Per pale vert and Or, two axes addorsed within an orle of oak leaves inverted, all counterchanged.

Edward of Rokkehealdan. Holding name and device. Per chevron Or and vert, two bees sable and an owl affronty Or.

Submitted as Edward the Artful.

Flame, Barony of the. Badge. Sable, a bend sinister azure fimbriated Or, overall a flamberge gules, hilted and the blade enflamed Or.

Flame, Barony of the. Name and badge for Order of the Flamberge. [Fieldless] A flamberge gules, hilted and the blade enflamed Or.

The blazon in the LoI left out the tincture of the sword, but most of the commenters assumed - correctly - that it was gules.

Flame, Barony of the. Name only for Award of the Flambeau d'Or (see RETURNS for badge).

Gorm bjarki Thorisson. Name.

Submitted as Gormr bjarki Thorisson on the LoI, the name was originally submitted as Gorm and changed by the kingdom. Palimpsest has found a source which indicates that Gorm is an Old Danish form of the name, so we have restored the submitter's original version here.

Gormley Goldenhead. Name.

Submitted as Gormlaith Goldenhead, no one has found any evidence that Gaelic names were ever combined with non-Gaelic (in this case, English) bynames. As the submitter allowed corrections, we have fully Englished the name, as being the closest in pronunciation to what she submitted. (A fully Gaelic version would be Gormlaith Barrbude.)

Henry of Bedrule. Name.

John Cholmondeley. Name.

Joseph the Mailer. Device. Per pale azure and Or, five annulets linked in saltire counterchanged.

Mare Amethystinum, Shire of. Name and device. Purpure, within a laurel wreath, its base sustained by two seahorses respectant, a flame Or charged with a step-cut gemstone palewise purpure.

Submitted as Shire of Mare Amethystus, no documentation was submitted for the form of the name. The best advice of the commenters, based on similarly constructed placenames, suggested that the neuter form of the adjective would be more appropriate. As they allowed changes, we have so corrected the grammar here.

Mirabella Christian du Lac de la Forest. Name.

Though it looks a little out of place, this form of the byname is actually the period spelling; forêt is a modern spelling, of which the carat over the "e" indicates the missing "s".

Myfanwy Ddirwestol ferch Gruffudd. Device. Or, a dragon passant contourny sable within a bordure sable semy of maple leaves argent.

This was pended from the June 1994 Laurel meeting.

Northshield, Principality of. Change of designator from Northshield Herald.

Peregrine the Wanderer. Name and device. Azure, a compass star argent and on a chief Or a feather vert.

Remy le Lion. Name and device. Purpure, ermined Or, a winged lion sejant affronty argent, a bordure embattled argent.

Saint Martin, March of. Name and device. Argent, a bridge of one span within a laurel wreath azure and in base a ford proper.

Nicely done arms!

Shattered Oak, Shire of. Name.

Tamsin the Quiet. Name.

You might let her know that the byname would have been better as the Coye, from the French coi, "quiet, still, shy". Coy appears to have been the more popular word.

Thierry Gutherie. Device. Sable, a bee, on a chief urdy Or two bees sable.

Thorvald Redhair. Badge. [Fieldless] A lion rampant contourny paly argent and azure.

Nicely done!

William Forest Oldemixon. Name and device. Per pale azure and sable, two crosses fitchy argent.

William Forest Oldemixon. Household name for House of Hope.

Wulfwen atte Belle. Name and device. Or, on a bend sinister between two wolf's heads contourny erased gules, four bells palewise Or.

OUTLANDS

Aislinn merch Guincatan. Name.

Barre FitzRobert of York. Name.

Submitted as Barry FitzRobert of York, the spelling of the given with a "y" appears to be modern, except in a few cases where it seems to be exclusively a surname. As the submitter allowed changed which kept the sound of the name, we have taken Palimpsest's suggestion and substituted Barre, a pet form of Barrfind and Finnbarr.

Bennet Murray. Name change from Dana Moirreach.

Coinneach McIan. Device. Per chevron sable and vert, a chevron embattled between three crescents and a fox sejant argent.

Please let him know that the angle of the chevron should be steeper.

Cordelia FitzRobert of York. Name.

Enrique de Molina. Device. Gules, a patriarchal cross bottony Or, and on a chief argent two cockatrices vert.

Please ask him to draw the cross more boldly.

Isabel de Morón de la Frontera. Name and device. Azure, on a bend sinister argent between a sun Or and a decrescent argent, three mullets palewise gules.

Kahlland, Shire of. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Maeve FitzRobert of York. Name.

Monika the Fair. Name and device. Per pale argent and purpure, a reremouse displayed within a bordure dovetailed semy of crescents, all counterchanged.

You might let her know that this would be better with fewer, and bolder, crescents.

Oscar Einhard. Name and device. Azure, a lit candle in a candlestick between flaunches Or.

Versus Cariadoc of the Bow (SCA, badge), Azure, a candle enflamed within an orle Or, there was some question whether there were CDs for both type (orle vs. flaunches) and number (one vs. two), as you cannot have a single flaunch. It is Laurel's opinion that there is indeed a CD for number here; while they may only come in pairs, there are quite clearly two of them, on opposite sides of the field. This is not really quite analogous to a double tressure, in which the two charges take up the same visual space on the shield; flaunches take up the same visual space as a pair of secondary charges, e.g., two lions combattant. As a consequence, we believe we can reasonably grant a CD for flaunches being two charges, not one.

Sean O'Fogarty. Name.

Submitted as Seán O'Fogarty, the accent is out of place with the Englished surname. We have therefore dropped it.

Wynne ferch Rhodri. Name change from Wynne ferch Rhys.

TRIMARIS

Alain de la Vignerie. Name.

Iain Colin MacKee. Name.

Submitted as Iain Cailean MacKee, all of the evidence to date argues against the combining of Gaelic and Englished name elements in a single name in period. As anglicizing the fully Gaelic element made the smallest change to the name, we have done that here.

Iain Jameson of Kilronan. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Iain Jameson of Kilrónan, the accent is out of place in an otherwise Englished name.

Iefan Colledig ap Dynfwal Abertawe. Name and device. Or, a portcullis and on a chief azure three flames Or.

Submitted as Iefan yr Colledig ap Donal o Abertawe, the usual use of bynames (such as colledig) and of proper names in locative bynames (such was Abertawe) in Welsh is without the article or preposition. These have therefore been dropped. And as the submitter desired the Welsh cognate of Donal if one existed, we have adopted Harpy's and Palimpsest's suggestion of Dynfwal.

Johan van Leyden. Name.

Judith Maryse. Name.

Katherine of Tewkesbury. Name and device. Azure, three escallops between two bendlets wavy Or.

Lorccan mac Cinaetha meic Dara. Name and device. Per chevron vert and sable, in pale a tree eradicated and a toad tergiant argent.

Submitted as Lorccan Cinaeth Mac Dara, there is so far no evidence for double given names in Irish; every apparent example found so far has proven to be of the form <name> <byname>, though many of these bynames are also used as given names. As the submitter allowed changes, we have modified the name into a more standard three-generation patronymic form.

Marcia of Wyvernwood. Holding name and device. Per saltire purpure and argent, two thistles couped in fess proper.

Submitted as Brenna Catriona Dunn.

Richard de Stanford. Name and device. Vert, a yale rampant argent, armed and in chief three cross crosslets fitchy Or.

Rolland Forrester. Name and device. Per chevron sable and gules, two fleurs-de-lys and a lion's head cabossed Or.

WEST

Ana Ilevna. Name.

Betony Wood, Riding of. Name and device. Argent, on a bend sinister purpure between two betony sprigs vert, flowered purpure, three laurel wreaths palewise argent.

Submitted as Riding of Betony Woods, all of the documentation that could be found, including the submitters', indicates that "wood" should be in the singular instead of the plural ("Broomwood", "Marchwood", "Heywood", and even "Sherwood"). We have therefore modified the name to the singular.

Dafydd the Wanderer. Device. Azure, a boot and on a chief argent, a branch reversed vert.

Eric Thoralfsson. Name and device. Bendy sinister gules and argent, on a Thor's hammer azure, a demi-sun Or.

Erik Longbow the Navigator. Device. Gules, a compass star elongated to base and on a chief argent, a longbow sable.

Lynnette of Solus Mor. Holding name and device. Per pale gules and azure, in bend three Latin crosses moline argent.

Submitted as Linnet Aniochdmhor.

Robyn Wilder. Name.

Thomas Just Thomas. Name.

Documentation has been presented for this form of the name in German.

THE FOLLOWING HAVE BEEN RETURNED FOR FURTHER WORK:

AN TIR

Caitlyn Emrys. Device. Argent, a peacock pavonated to base and a dexter tierce vert.

Conflict with Tannis of Tir-y-Don (SCA), Argent, a peacock passant reguardant pavonated to base proper, with only one CD for the addition of the tierce. (As noted before, a peacock proper has a vert body.)

Caressa Barak's Bane. Name change from Caressa the Chased.

The documentation submitted does not support the form of the byname in Old Norse, much less a translation into English. Even were that the case, the form in English is post-period; the use of the possessive with an apostrophe is not found in period. (The issue of combining an Italian given with an English form of an Old Norse byname was not addressed in the submission, either.) In any case, as the submitter allowed no changes, we were unable to modify the name to even incorporate the relatively minor changes which Palimpsest suggested which might have brought the name within registrability. (If she would like an entirely Old Norse form, Palimpsest recommends Kára Báreksbani.)

Catheryn Cameron Stewart Morgan. Badge. [Fieldless] On an octofoil azure a mullet of eight points Or.

The underlying charge is not drawn as an octofoil, which would tend to have the pointed petals of the other foils. The emblazon here is some sort of stylized eight-petaled flower. As such, it falls into conflict with Balian de Brionne (SCA), On a rose azure a bee Or, with one CD for fieldlessness, but nothing the number of petals on the rose, and nothing for the change to type only of the tertiary.

Morgan de Comyn. Name and device. Sable estencely, three flames Or.

Black notes that there is no positive evidence for the view that the Scottish Comyns were from Comines, and also notes that the name always appears without the preposition in the early records. Reaney makes a very good case for the view that Comyn is in origin simply a personal name, with which the article de would be inappropriate. The documentary evidence seems to be clear: with probably just one known exception, the surname Comyn was understood not to be locative, and was at least used as if it were so understood. Laurel is hesitant to base a registration on a single scribal example made almost a century after the death of the man named. We would have dropped the article to register the name as Morgan Comyn, but the submitter allowed no changes.

The flames are not Or, but Or with an internal detailing line of gules (Or, fimbriated internally gules?) which is drawn too significantly to simply ignore. This needs to be redrawn as simply Or flames.

Wege Teague. Name.

A combination of an Old English forename with what can only be a fairly late English form of an Irish surname is too far from period practice. Additionally, Wege appears to be a variant spelling of Wegga, which pretty much rules out 'way' as a possible pronunciation, as the submitter believes. Feilitzen shows Wege and Weghe as occurring in Domesday Book, identifying them with the name with Wegga, which appears to be Scandinavian. Palimpsest suggested several possible alternatives, but as the submitter's preference was to only allow corrections which kept the sound of how he believes the submitted name is pronounced, we thought it best to return the name rather than modify it so that the submissions herald or principal herald could discuss the various proposals with him and he could choose for himself which he prefers.

The device was registered under the holding name Andrew of Dragon's Mist.

ATLANTIA

Ælfwyn av Bornholm. Device. Azure, a sword inverted proper, flaunches argent each charged with a mullet azure.

Conflict with Roderick Gilchrist (SCA), Azure, a sword inverted proper, a pair of flaunches argent one charged with a dexter and one with a sinister wing vert. There is one CD, for the changes to the tertiaries.

CAID

Edric Aaron Hartwood. Household badge for Domus Draconis Argentei. [Fieldless] A dragon statant erect regardant maintaining a crescent argent.

Conflict with Dragho (Combo II citing Woodward), Azure, a dragon argent; Karolyi Attila Laszlo (SCA), Per pale embattled barry sable and Or and vert, in sinister a dragon sejant erect argent; and Isolde of Ander Hall (SCA), Per saltire gules and lozengy gules and Or, in chief a dragon segreant argent. In each case there is a CD for fieldlessness, but nothing for either the maintained charge or posture.

Riordan Robert MacGregor. Badge. [Fieldless] On a flame proper a thistle flower purpure slipped vert.

Blazoned in the LoI as a "flame proper", the device is emblazoned as "a flame gules charged with a flame Or charged with a thistle flower purpure, slipped vert". Blazoned this way, it is obvious that it contains a quarternary charge, which is not allowed. A flame proper will properly have some gouts of red flame in the Or areas and some gouts of yellow flame in the gules areas.

Versus Annette of Faire Monte (SCA), Three flames conjoined in pall inverted gules, thereon a thistle proper, cited in the LoI, there is only the fieldless CD. Annette's emblazon shows a thistle with the slip and leaves forming a pall inverted, lying on a single gules flame (yes, this would now be considered to be color on color). Were the flame in Riordan's badge truly "proper" (which would then be approximately 50% Or), there would be a tincture CD in addition to the fieldless one, which would clear Annette's badge.

Salvador Juárez de Xochimilco. Device. Per bend argent and gules, a fess Or between a pair of feathers in saltire vert and an eagle-footed goblet Or, within a bordure per bend gules and Or.

RfS VIII.1.a. is a rule of thumb, not a hard and fast measure carved in stone. We have in the past registered armory with a "complexity count" of nine, and returned armory with a complexity count of seven, based on the overall design, balance, etc. Here, while the complexity "count" is right at the "Rule of Thumb" limit of eight (four types of charge, four tinctures), the basic design is badly unbalanced (a per bend field and a fess, with two different types of secondary charges which, though in the default placement for charges around a fess, looks unbalanced because of the field division); the counterchanging of the bordure is of a different tincture than the field. While no single element is too much, the combination here certainly exceeds the unofficial Rule of Two Weirdnesses, and is not really period in style. (See, e.g., RfS I.1.b., "All elements of a submission shall be used in a manner that is stylistically compatible with period usage.", and RfS VIII.1.b., "Designs that are unbalanced, ... are not compatible with period style." While each individual element of the design here is, the combination really is not.)

CALONTIR

Fearghus O'Shannon. Device. Per chevron azure and barry wavy argent and vert, two tiger's jambes in chevron couped argent, marked sable.

Conflict with Stanton (Papworth, p. 963), Sable, two lion's gambs in chevron argent. There is one CD for the field, but the sable markings on the jambes here are insufficient for another.

Michael van Bergen. Device. Or, on a bend sinister sable a fleur-de-lys nourrie palewise argent.

Conflict with Mawle (Chesshyre and Woodcock, The Dictionary of British Arms, Vol. 1, p. 326), Or, a bend sinister sable. There is only one CD, for the addition of the tertiary charge.

Radbot Gunter. Device. Gyronny argent and gules, a pawprint sable.

Conflict with Antonietta Zampa del Gato (SCA), A cat's pawprint sable. There is one CD, for fielded vs. fieldless, but we do not grant difference between types of pawprint.

Vatavia, Barony of. Badge. Azure, an orb between four dragonflies in saltire, tails to center, Or.

Conflict with Lamont (Papworth, p. 1095), Azure, a mount Or, and with the flag of Belau, Azure, a bezant. ln each case there is only one CD, for the addition of the dragonflies. (Versus Belau, the cross on the orb is the equivalent of a held or maintained charge, insufficient for a Clear Difference.)

Weland Healfdene. Device. Argent, three bull's horns in annulo azure.

Conflict with Horneck (Papworth, p. 950), Argent, three buglehorns, one in chief and two in base, counterembowed azure, adorned, stringed and garnished Or. There is only one CD, for the change in type of charge. The arrangement appears to be nearly identical.

DRACHENWALD

Bernhard vom Sayn. Device. Per fess gules and argent, in chief a sword bendwise sinister between two roses argent and in base a griffin's head erased gules, armed Or.

Submitted on the LoI as Bernhard von Sayn, the name was registered as above in December 1992.

Were the field division on this device per pale, it would stand as a classic example of impaled arms. As it stands, however (as an example of "infessed" arms? J), it is extremely unbalanced. (See RfS VIII.1.b., "Armory must arrange all elements coherently in a balanced design.") The arrangement of charges in the top half of the shield may easily be seen to be a balanced, coherent design. The same applies to the bottom half of the shield. The combination, however, on a single field is neither coherent or balanced. The roses are not arranged in a relationship to the other charges that would cause them to be viewed unequivocably as secondary charges; as part of the primary charge group, however, they cause the device to exceed the complexity limits of RfS VIII.1.a. ("Three or more types of charges should not be used in the same group").

Sebastian of Colbridge. Device. Per pale azure and gules, a fox's mask Or.

Conflict with Isabella of Greycliffs (SCA), Per bend sinister embattled sable and vert, a fox's mask Or. There is only one CD, for the changes to the field.

Thora Asbiornsdottir. Device. Purpure, a lily of the valley slipped and leaved argent.

Conflict with Eden of Lionsguard (SCA), Purpure, an iris argent. There is at best one CD, for the change in type of flower.

EAST

Aileve of Windhaven. Device. Or, a cross clechy sable within a bordure compony erminois and sable.

As with the November 1992 return of a device combining a gore sinister argent with a bordure ermine, the contrast here between Or and erminois is "nonexistent". The ermine spots do not serve to adequately delineate the Or portions of the compony bordure from the Or field.

Beornheard O'Dea. Name and device. Sable, a bear sejant erect maintaining a spiked mace, and on a chief embattled argent three broadarrows sable.

The modern English form of the Irish patronym is entirely inconsistent with an Old English given name. We would have modified the name to either Bernard O'Dea or Beornheard O'Deaghaidh, but the submitter did not allow corrections. Even more unfortunately, he did not allow the formation of a holding name, either, so we are having to return the device as well.

Caitlin Angharad FitzHenry. Badge. [Fieldless] The fletchings of three arrows palewise sable issuant from within a mascle gules.

The emblazon is not reconstructible from the blazon. (See RfS VII.7.b., "Elements must be reconstructible in a recognizable form from a competent blazon.") The charges are more than just arrow fletchings, they are more like demi-arrows (the rear halves). None of the examples cited in the LoI lend sufficient support to this arrangement of charges, as none of them are parallel to this submission. None of the examples cited has a charge both issuing from and surmounting another, nor one passing from the inside to the outside of the surrounding charge.

Dun Currach, Canton of. Name.

The second element of the name needs to be in the genitive case: Dún Curraigh. Unfortunately, this makes the conflict with the Barony of Dun Carraig even more obvious.

Gabrán Mac Muireach. Name.

The patronym has to go into the genitive. The genitive of Muireach is Muirich, and the modern patronymic from Muireach is also aspirated, which would be Mac Mhuirich. As the submitter allowed no changes to the name, however, we are having to return it. (The most likely form of the given name to match the modern spelling of the patronymic would be Gabhrán. If he wanted an entirely early period version, it would be Gabrán macc Muiredaich.)

William Cavendish. Name.

Conflict with William Cavendish, William Cavendish, William Cavendish, William Cavendish, and William Cavendish (Encyclopedia Britannica), including the first Duke of Devonshire, the second Earl of Cavendish, the first Duke of Cavendish, the fourth Earl of Cavendish, the fourth Duke of Cavendish, and the Prime Minister of England (1756-57). But it is clearly a good name!

MERIDIES

Aengas Macc Laídig. Device. Per chevron argent and gules, two wolves combattant sable maintaining a heart gules.

Conflict with ?ent (Chesshyre and Woodcock, p. 266), Azure, two greyhounds combatant sable. There is one CD for the change to the field, but nothing for either the maintained charge or for the difference in canines.

Glen Cìanail, Shire of. Name.

Glen is English; the Gaelic word is gleann. The English form should not be used with a fully Gaelic descriptor. Cianail as glossed as 'melancholy, mournful, sad, lamentable; pensive; solitary, lonely, lonesome, dreary'. It is possible that this may apply to places, but it seems much likelier to apply to persons. Tiamhaidh 'melancholy, affecting, dismal, gloomy; solitary, dark, quiet' seems a little better; àite tiamhaidh is 'a dreary place'. Another, and perhaps better, possibility is fàsail 'desert, desolate; solitary, lonely'; one example applies it to a brook. Given the likelihood that cíanail would be applied to persons rather than places, we are returning the name to allow the submitters to decide if they want to change it to one of the other likelier possibilities (and to correct glen to gleann).

Rosalind O'Maughan. Badge. [Fieldless] On an estoile of seven points Or, a German chimera rampant gules, tailed sable.

Submitted on the LoI as Rosaline O Maughan, the name was registered as above in April 1992.

Conflict with Eric von Kampf (SCA), Sable, on an estoile Or a death's head gules, with one CD for fieldlessness, but nothing for the change to type only of the tertiary. Conflict also with Martyn ap Cadwalladr the Bold (SCA), On a sun Or a cross crosslet fitchy gules, with Royal University of Ithra (SCA), Gules, on a sun Or eclipsed gules, an Arabian lamp flammant Or, and with Bruce of Brandy Hall (SCA), Purpure, on a sun Or a dagger gules. In each case, there is one CD for fieldlessness, but nothing for change to type only of the tertiary on the complex charge.

Xavier Tormod Macleod. Name.

As with the return of Xavier de Saone in the February 1994 LoAR, no evidence has been found that Xavier was anything but a placename in period. The use of Xavier as a given name comes after the canonization of St. Francis Xavier, which occurred in 1622.

The device was registered under the holding name Jeffrey of Meridies.

MIDDLE

Cornelius the Sage. Device. Per pale Or and vert, a winged stag rampant within a bordure counterchanged.

Though no conflicts were found by the commenters, no submissions forms were included in the Laurel packet. As a consequence, we are unable to register this.

Edward the Artful. Name.

The epithet, though the word was dated to 1613 (inside our "gray area" for documentation, is far too late to have been used in this kind of epithetical formation. Would the submitter consider Fayt (meaning "affected, skilful, prudent") or Crafty (with the obvious meaning), both of which date to much earlier?

The device was registered under the holding name Edward of Rokkehealdan.

Flame, Barony of the. Badge for Award of the Flambeau d'Or. [Fieldless] A raguly staff Or, enflamed at the tip proper.

Conflict with Dudley, Duke of Northumberland (Combo II, citing Fox-Davies Book of Badges, p. 130), A staff raguly erect Or. There is only the fieldless CD, as the enflaming of the tip is the equivalent of a maintained charge.

Flame, Barony of the. Badge. Sable, a flamberge gules, hilted and the blade enflamed Or.

Conflict with British Commandos (Military Ordinary #1237), Sable, a dagger palewise gules. There is one CD for the addition of the flame under the blade, but that is the only difference here.

Guenivre du Dragon Vert. Badge. [Fieldless] A mule statant vert.

Conflict with Hirano (Hawley's Mon, p. 57), A horse statant. There is one CD for fieldlessness, but nothing for tincture against mon.

Margaret of the Érainn. Name.

Margaret is far, far too late to be combined with the name of an early Irish tribe (they arrived in Ireland between 500 and 100 B.C.), with a temporal difference of a millennium or more. Palimpsest suggested that Má(i)rgrég Érennach would be more likely, but we felt that such a change went beyond the "minor" changes that were permitted.

Middle, Kingdom of the. Badge. Azure, four pheons in saltire, points to center Or.

Conflict with Sidney Smith, Esq. (Fox-Davies, The Art of Heraldry, p. 211), Gyronny of eight gules and sable, four pheons in saltire, points to center, Or. There is only one CD, for the change to the field.

Middle, Kingdom of the. Badge. Gules, four pheons in saltire, points to center Or.

Middle, Kingdom of the. Badge. Purpure, four pheons in saltire, points to center Or.

Middle, Kingdom of the. Badge. Sable, four pheons in saltire, points to center Or.

Middle, Kingdom of the. Badge. Vert, four pheons in saltire, points to center Or.

Middle, Kingdom of the. Badge. Vert, scaly argent, four pheons in saltire, points to center Or.

Morwenna Bengrych Rhos y Blaidd Cadarn. Name.

There are two problems with this submission. One is the question of the registrability of "of the moor of the mighty wolf", even in Welsh. The formation does not appear to follow any particularly period patterns. The other is that no submission form was found in the Laurel packet.

Tominaga Tadamasa. Device. Sable, on a fess cotised argent issuant from and within the horns of a crescent a demi-arrow all within a mascle sable.

The mascle on the fess isn't, since it has no perceptible width; even in the large emblazon, it amounts to nothing more than a heavy line. As noted in the commentary, "there is no good way to blazon the crescent and fletching" here. We can't call the arrow just fletching because the drawing clearly shows a significant part of the shaft as well. One generally thinks of a demi-<object> as being animate and including the head; this is, as was pointed out, the chiefmost half of an arrow in its default position. It was argued by several commenters that the collocation of charges on the fess is "slot-machine", since three types of charge are involved in what seems to be a single group (crescent, arrow, mascle). There was also some discussion that the identifiability of the conjoined arrow/crescent was badly compromised; a number of commenters thought it was a badly-drawn ship until hearing the blazon. (RfS VII.7.a. requires charges to be recognizable solely from their appearance.) For all of these problems, this must be returned.

OUTLANDS

Kahlland, Shire of. Device. Per bend azure and Or, a sun Or eclipsed gules, and a tree blasted and eradicated, and on a bordure sable a laurel wreath Or.

As noted in the LoAR of May 1994, "the laurel wreath is not, and indeed on a bordure cannot be, a laurel wreath." The tree is drawn very asymmetrically, making its identifiability more difficult. See RfS VII.7.a. ("Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance.").

TRIMARIS

Brenna Catriona Dunn. Name.

Brenna is only marginally justifiable for the Classical Mediterranean area. It's use in an Anglo-Irish name as one of two given names becomes two steps beyond period practice, as Anglo-Irish names did not use double given names in period.

The device was registered under the holding name Marcia of Wyvernwood.

Elspeth Islay of Glen Meara. Device. Azure, a pegasus rampant argent, and a gore sinister plummetty argent and sable.

Conflict with The Honorable Society of the Inner Temple (Combo I, cited from Public Heraldry), Azure, a pegasus salient argent, and with Pollia (Combo II, cited from Woodward), Azure, a pegasus argent, winged Or. In each case, there is one CD for the addition of the "gore". The gore itself is not drawn properly -- it should extend to the bottom point of the shield, not end 1/4 the way up the sinister side of the shield.

Iain Jameson of Kilronan. Device. Azure, a chevron Or between three lions heads erased argent gorged of lozenges gules and a chief embattled Or.

Conflict with Peet (Papworth, p. 441), Azure, a chevron Or between three lion's heads erased argent. There is a CD for the addition of the chief, but the consensus was that while gorging may be worth a CD when the head is the primary charge, its visual impact is much reduced when occurring on secondaries, enough so that it was felt that it was not the equivalent of the addition of a group of tertiaries to the secondaries, but rather the equivalent of the addition of a maintained charge.

Meaghan ferch Rhys. Device. Per bend vert and sable, on a plate a horse's head contourny issuant from dexter base sable.

The tertiary charge issuing from the edge of the roundel effectively looks like the field in the shape of a horse's head overlapping onto the roundel. The overall device appears badly unbalanced, in violation of RfS VIII.1.b. ("Armory must arrange all elements coherently in a balanced design.").

WEST

Anisah al Nawaar. Name.

No documentation was presented that the "byname" could be used with the article, and all of the documentation either submitted or found later by the commenters (and Laurel) showed only Nawaar without the article. (The equivalent in English would be analogous to documenting "Robert" and "James" as given names and submitting "Robert the James".)

Anne Isabella del Gardin. Device. Purpure, a pentaskelion arrondi and on a chief argent, an ivy vine reversed vert.

We need some documentation of the pentaskelion arrondy as a period or compatible charge. It is so large a step from a triskele (which itself is not a period charge so far as we can tell) that we need additional evidence of its acceptability before we can register it.

Linnet Aniochdmhor. Name.

There are three problems with the name submission. First is that neither a name submission form nor documentation were included for the byname. Second, no one has been able to find examples of Gaelic bynames with non-Gaelic forenames (in this case, English/French). Third, the existence of "dark", "fair", and "little" as epithets do not lend adequate support to "merciless". Merciless is not a physical characteristic, as the others are [Ming the Merciless notwithstanding! J].

The device was registered under the holding name Lynnette of Solus Mor.

Richenza von Schwerin. Device. Argent, a spider inverted sable.

Conflict with Andrew of Riga (SCA), A spider proper, Hagar Bodyguard (SCA), Gyronny azure and argent, a spider extended sable, and with the 81st West African Division (Military Ordinary), Or, an Anansi spider displayed tergiant sable. In each case there is one CD for the field, but inverting a spider is visually akin to reversing a ship; the charges are sufficiently symmetrical that inversion/reversal is not a Clear Difference.

Ryugatani, Stronghold of. Device. Per fess wavy Or and azure, a wingless dragon rampant to sinister sable and a laurel wreath Or.

The name for the group was returned in the June 1994 LoAR, and as we cannot form holding names for groups, we are having to return this. (A couple of commenters noted the similarities between the wingless dragon here and "Godzilla walking out of the water to menace Tokyo". Was the comparison intentional?)

THE FOLLOWING HAVE BEEN PENDED UNTIL THE JANUARY 1995 LAUREL MEETING:

TRIMARIS

Una of Blackberry Hollow. Badge. [Fieldless] On a triskele argent the letter U vert entwined on the sinister side of a blackberry bramble proper.

The tincture of the letter was accidentally dropped from the LoI.