THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN REGISTERED:

ÆTHELMEARC

Ardis Bluemantle. Badge. (Fieldless) A bear couchant sable crowned of a coronet Or pearled argent.

The submitter was made a court baroness in May 2000 and is thus entitled to use a coronet in her armory.

Brian of Hedon. Name.

Ciarán mac Gaoithín. Name.

This entry mixes Old or Middle Irish Gaelic with Early Modern Irish Gaelic; this is one step beyond period practice. The 857 entry of the Annals of the Four Masters lists a mac Gaeithín. If the submitter is interested in a fully Old Irish form of this name, we suggest Ciarán mac Gaeithín.

Dubheasa inghean Dubgaill. Device. Gyronny vert and argent, three reremice gules, a bordure sable.

Magdalena Binder. Name and device. Argent, a gryphon segreant gules winged sable haloed Or, a bordure sable.

Nice name!

Nikolai Kowal. Name.

Nebuly raises the issue that Nikolai Kowal is a Latin documentary form of the registered name Kouac Myclos. However, the standard for name conflict against registered names is not whether two names are documentary variants of each other in different languages but rather, "Two name phrases are considered significantly different if they differ significantly in sound and appearance." The exception is diminutives of the same name, which do conflict. The RfS explicitly address Latin versus. vernacular forms, V.I.ii says: "Cum Barba is significantly different from Beard and Witheberd `with the beard', but Beard is equivalent to Witheberd." In this case, although the two names have the same meaning, they are written in different languages, and are significantly different in sound and appearance. Therefore, they are not in conflict.

Silence de Cherbourg. Badge. (Fieldless) A mouse couchant azure.

Snæbj{o,}rn Hákonarson. Name.

Submitted as Snæbj{o,}rn snjalløx Hákonsson, the descriptive byname is not formed according to Old Norse naming practice. All examples of compound bynames whose second element is a weapon have as their first element adjectives that are visually recognizable qualities of the weapon itself. Examples of "ax" names include descriptives of types or appearances of axes: breiðöx 'broad axe', skorbildr 'scoring axe', and svartleggja 'black-legged (handled) axe.' Such bynames would be understood as meaning "with the scoring axe" or "with the black-legged axe." The byname snjalløx, however, uses snjall 'quick' which is descriptive of the weapon's bearer rather than the weapon itself; the reasonable meaning here would be "quick with an axe." Although a Middle English example Snellesward "quick sword" was shown with such a meaning, evidence of a pattern in Middle English is not evidence of the same pattern in Old Norse. Barring documentation for this pattern in Old Norse bynames, the constructed byname snjalløx is not registerable. We have dropped this byname in order to register the name.

Old Norse grammar shows the correct genitive for Hákon is Hákonarson. We have made this change, and registered the name as Snæbj{o,}rn Hákonarson.

Valentin Lyme. Name and device. Argent, a saltire sable between in fess two roundels gules.

Submitted as Valentin Lieme, the submitter requested authenticity for 14th-15th C German and accepted minor changes. The form Lieme is undated; no evidence was given and none found that it is a period spelling or consistent with period spellings. Schwarz, Sudetendeutsche Familiennamen des 15. und 16. Jahrhunderts, lists a Peter Lyme in 1544. We have changed the name to Valentin Lyme to make the name registerable and partially compy with his request for authenticity.

AN TIR

Adriana Barclye of Dunotir. Name and device. Or, a mullet of eight points purpure between eight thistles in annulo proper.

Submitted as Adrienne Barclay of Dunnottar, the submitter requested authenticity for 16th C English/Scottish. The parts of this name are all in standard modern forms. The given name Adrienne was documented as an undated French name from Withycombe. The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names. Unless Withycombe provides a date or period for a particular form, the form is generally modern. The submitter included documentation for the spelling Adriana in 1595 in Northumberland. Black, Surnames of Scotland, shows the spelling Barclye in 1542, and Johnston, Placenames of Scotland shows Dunotir in 1461. We have changed the name to Adriana Barclye of Dunotir to comply with her request for authenticity. All of these name elements are found on the English/Scottish borders; it is plausible that they might be combined in this way during the 16th C.

Ælfflæd Ælfgaresdohtor. Exchange of primary and alternate name and device change. Gules, a hare sejant contourny or.

Her old alternate name, Ælfflæd Ælfgaresdohtor is now her primary name. Her old primary name, Caterina Giulia di Raffaello Strozzi, is now her alternate name.

Her former device, Per fess indented argent and azure, a winged lion statant queue-forchy sable and three needles Or, is released.

Ása Starradóttir. Badge. (Fieldless) A reindeer's head erased contourny sable gorged of a coronet argent.

The submitter was made a countess in January 2001 and a duchess in July 2004 and so is entitled to use a coronet in her armory.

Caitilín ingen ui Dálaig. Name and device. Argent, a sun sable and on a chief azure three frets couped argent.

Submitted as Caitlín ingen ui Dálaig, no documentation was submitted and none found that the spelling of the given name, Caitlín, was found in period. Barring such documentation, this spelling cannot be registered. We have changed the given name to the documented Early Modern Irish Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form Caitilín in order to register this name. This name combines Middle Irish Gaelic and Early Modern Irish Gaelic in the same name; this is one step from period practice.

Chinua Temur. Name change from Khulan the Dark and badge. (Fieldless) Two arrows crossed in saltire within and conjoined to an annulet gules.

Her old name, Khulan the Dark, is released.

Dagmær in hvassa. Name change from Damaris de Sheldon.

Her old name, Damaris de Sheldon, is released.

Edward Little. Name (see RETURNS for device).

False Isle, Shire of. Badge. Per fess engrailed argent and vert.

This device does not conflict with Britta Atlantica, Per fess engrailed azure and barruly-wavy argent and azure. RfS X.4.a.ii.c states that "independent changes to the tincture, direction of partition lines, style of partition lines, or number of pieces in the partition may be counted separately when comparing two pieces of field-primary armory." In this case, there are independent changes to both tincture and the number of pieces on the field. The following precedent is directly relevant:

[Bendy sinister and per bend azure and ermine] This is clear of conflict with Sigeric of Ravenstone, Per bend azure and bendy sinister argent and azure. Pariselle's arms are equivalent to Per bend bendy sinister azure and ermine, and bendy sinister ermine and azure...Half of Pariselle's armory is ermine, and none of Sigeric's is that tincture. By the general statements in RfS X.4.a, changing half the tincture of the field is worth a CD. The sinister chief portion of Sigeric's field is undivided, and the sinister chief portion of Pariselle's armory field is bendy sinister. This provides the second CD for change of partition lines" [Pariselle Chouet,06/02, A-An Tir].

Similarly, half of False Isle's armory is vert while none of Britta's is that tincture, and the lower portion of Britta's armory is barruly-wavy while both halves of False Isle's badge are undivided.

Garan Darkwolf of Blackhelm. Device change. Per bend Or and sable, a bend per bend azure and argent between two wolf's pawprints counterchanged.

His former device, Azure, in pale a sword inverted and a goblet Or between a pair of flaunches enhanced sable, fimbriated argent, is retained as a badge.

Guerin Valletort de Harfleur. Name and device. Azure, on a chevron argent three escallops inverted sable, a bordure invected argent.

Hallbera sneypir Vigbjarnardottir. Name.

Submitted as Hallbera sneypir Vigbjornsdottir, in Old Norse, names ending in -bj(o,)rn make their genitive -bjarnar. We have changed the name to Hallbera sneypir Vigbjarnardottir to correct the grammar.

Isabella Feliciano da Fiume. Device. Per bend sable and argent, an increscent bendwise argent and an arrow bendwise sinister inverted proper headed sable fletched purpure.

Jak M'Kenye. Name and device. Sable, on a bend between two swords in saltire and a dragon's head couped countourny argent two fish gules.

Nice name!

Karin Ollesdotter av Augvaldsnes. Name and device. Or semy of birch leaves vert, a seahorse gules.

Katerine Martel. Name and badge (see PENDS for second badge). Argent, a stag's head cabossed and in chief a crescent sable.

Lora Lin of Dinas Bran. Name and device. Argent, on a laurel tree eradicated proper a recorder bendwise sinster argent, a bordure sable.

The submitter requested authenticity for 12th-14th C Welsh. As neither the given name nor the first byname are Welsh names, we are unable to comply with her request for authenticity.

Meadhbha inghean Bhrain Mhuilleóir. Badge. (Fieldless) A Celtic cross purpure.

Mevanwy verch Gwion. Name and device. Per pale azure and argent, a tree blasted and eradicated, in chief three mullets of eight points counterchanged.

This device conflicts with Richenda de Jardin, Per pale azure and argent, a crequier counterchanged. Fortunately, Richenda has provided a letter of permission to conflict. This letter is necessary because, while there is a CD for adding the secondary mullets, there is no significant difference between a crequier and a tree blasted and eradicated. As Boar notes, there exists a precedent that a generic tree eradicated is not significantly different from a tree blasted and eradicated, since "there are period depictions of trees with only a few leaves" [Gabriela Silvana, 07/2000]. There is also a precedent giving a CD between a crequier and a default tree, but not a substantial difference "because early heraldic depictions of trees were sometimes drawn much like a crequier, with one large leaf at the end of each branch" [Lilias de Cheryngton, 12/2001]. However, the crequier is simply a stylization of a wild cherry tree (see Woodward, p. 318, along with Plate XXIX fig. 4 and p. 344 fig. 72 for a discussion). While it is a particular stylization, it falls within the expected range of depiction for trees in general. There is no reason to treat it differently from other trees, so it is not significantly different from a generic tree.

Crequiers are currently listed in the Ordinary under Plant-Other. Morsulus has been instructed to alter this to list them with other trees.

Muriel Buchanan. Name and device. Per bend argent and azure, a cat sejant guardant sable and a rose argent barbed vert.

Nice name!

Myfanwy Glanmorfa. Name and device. Per fess azure and vert, a fess wavy cotised wavy argent.

Ninian of Warwick. Name.

As submitted, the documentation shows the name Ninian in England in the 5th and the 17th C. However, Saint Ninian was a popular Scottish saint. The name Rowie's Ninian (Ninian Robert's son) is dated to the 16th C in Black, Surnames of Scotland, s.n. Ninian. Margaret Makafee, "16th and Late 15th Century Masculine Given Names from the Orkney Islands" also shows the name Ninian in the Orkneys dated to 1545.

Paynel de la Linde. Name.

Raffe Ó Donnabháin. Device. Per fess nebuly vert and sable, three fir trees eradicated and a wolf's head erased Or.

Ragnhildr of Dragon's Laire. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Argent, three plumes conjoined in pile purpure between two ravens addorsed and a raven displayed head to sinister sable.

Submitted under the name Ragnhildr in Sieðkona.

Ramón Marco de Sevilla. Name.

Sáerlaith ingen Rúadáin. Name and device. Per chevron sable and Or, an increscent and a decrescent Or and a fox rampant gules.

Submitted as Sáerlaith ingen Rúadán, the patronymic is in the nominative case rather than the required genitive case. The correct form is Sáerlaith ingen Rúadáin; we have made this change.

This name does not conflict with Sáerlaith Rúad, registered August 1995. Rúad is a descriptive byname meaning 'red', while ingen Rúadáin is a patronymic meaning 'son of Ruadan'. Thus the two bynames differ significantly in sound, appearance, and type.

Skapti Þorinsson. Device. Sable, an eagle volant contourny Or and a bordure erminois.

Skapti Þorinsson. Badge. (Fieldless) Three eagles jambes conjoined in pall Or, each claw sustaining a sword sable.

Stephen of Hunmanby. Name and device. Gules, a cross fleury within an annulet Or.

The submitter requested authenticity for 12th-13th C England. The spelling of the locative is a header spelling, although it appears to be consistent with period forms. Although the place Hunmanby existed in the 12th-13th C, we are unable to say whether this spelling is authentic for that time period.

Tomas Alvarez. Device. Per pale gules and sable, a catamount rampant guardant Or, sustaining above its head a rapier fesswise reversed argent, in chief two reremice Or.

Blazoned on the Letter of Intent as a domestic cat, we have reblazoned the primary charge as a catamount to reflect its stylized depiction and its significant claws and whiskers, quite unlike the usual, more naturalistic depiction of a domestic cat. A similar depiction of a catamount or wild cat can be seen on p. 97 of Parker (s.n. cat).

Tristan Fiddler. Name and device. Quarterly gules and argent, a fox sejant guardant sable and a bordure embattled counterchanged.

Wyll Hauk. Badge. Per pale azure and vert, a jester's hood per pale argent and Or.

Ysoria de Brai. Device change. Gules, a pair of barnacles argent.

Her former device, Per pale argent and sable, a pair of barnacles inverted counterchanged, is released.

Ysoria de Brai. Badge change. (Fieldess) A pair of barnacles argent.

Her badge, (Fieldless) A pair of barnacles inverted argent, is released.

ANSTEORRA

Daniel de Lincoln. Blanket permission to conflict with name.

Daniel de Lincoln. Blanket permission to conflict with device. Per chevron embattled argent and azure.

Daniel de Lincoln. Blanket permission to conflict with badge. (Fieldless) A mascle gules.

Daniel de Lincoln. Blanket permission to conflict with badge. Azure, four coneys rampant in saltire, heads to center, conjoined by the ears in annulo argent, playing bagpipes Or.

Jennette Makepays. Device. Per pale vert and azure, a natural dolphin and a chief potenty argent.

Kilian Macraith. Name.

Although the given name Kilian is a modern Anglicization of the Gaelic Cillín, no documentation was provided showing it is a period Anglicization. However, the name is found in this spelling in German in the form Kilian; Bahlow, German Names, s.n. Kilian, says "patron saint of Würtzburg, Franconian saint." This name mixes German and Scots, this is one step from period practice.

Rhiannon ferch Cian. Household name House of the Gilded Trellis.

There was some question whether the formation Gilded Trellis was a reasonable name for a group of people. The submitter provided documentation for the words gilded and trellis in period, and that a trellis is a constructed object that might be gilded. She also provided an example of a street named for a merchant's sign: Gyltspurstreate from mid-16th century in A.D. Mills, A Dictionary of London Streetnames. Thus this name is consistent with an object a merchant might hang to identify their business, after the fashion of the gilt spur example.

Sabine Lefevre d'Armagnac. Name change from Sabin Slater (see RETURNS for badge).

Her old name, Sabin Slater, is released.

The documentation of the name was all in French; no translation was provided in the summarization. Translation of at least the summary of foreign language documentation is required on Letters of Intent. Had the College not provided such translations, we would have been forced to return this name for lack of adequate summarization of the documentation.

Tómas Tóstason. Name and device. Per fess sable and argent, an open book argent and a raven sable charged on the wing with a Tau cross Or.

This device does not conflict with Ailléne Ravenstongue, Per fess sable and argent, in pale a moon in her complement argent and a raven sable perched atop and sustained by an oak branch fesswise proper. An examination of Ailléne's device (which has been reblazoned on the Middle section of this LoAR) shows that the branch is co-primary with the raven and the moon. There is thus a change of both the number of primary charges and the type of more than half the primary charge group as well as a CD for the addition of the tertiary.

William de Molay. Name.

ARTEMISIA

Artemisia, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Wormwood Pursuivant.

ATENVELDT

Aífe Fael ingen Brénainn. Badge. (Fieldless) A pawprint per pale gules and vert.

Angus of Loch Leven. Name and device. Azure, a trident Or between in base two dolphins haurient respectant, overall a fess wavy argent.

Betva a Bedwyn. Reblazon of device. Vert, a birch tree argent leaved Or, a bordure of knotwork argent.

This device was reblazoned from Vert, a birch tree argent, leaved as for autumn Or, a bordure Or after a visual inspection showed that the bordure was actually made up of knotwork and tinctured argent, rather than Or.

Damaris Baróid. Name and device. Per chevron sable and vert, in chief a pegasus passant argent.

There was some question whether Baróid was a period Gaelicization for this surname. The Annals of the Four Masters entry for 1440, part 11 has an Antriu Bariod; the same man is named in the Annals of Loch Cé as Andriu Baroid. The Annals of Inisfallen 1281.10 lists a Williem Baroid. Therefore, Baróid is a reasonable Early Modern Irish surname. The name combines English and Gaelic; this is one step from period practice.

Dougal Stewart. Name.

This name is not in conflict with the Scottish philosopher, Dugald Stewart, who is not important enough to protect. The Cambridge History of English and American Literature says of Stewart, "[his] exposition and criticism are devoted to those aspects of philosophical controversy which were prominent in his own day, and they have thus lost interest for a later generation. Nor did he show any such profundity of thought, or even distinction of style, as might have saved his work from comparative neglect." Although he was influential in his day, his day was in the late 18th/early 19th C, not the medival period, nor do his works appears to still provide direct influence for today's men of letters (although the works of some of Stewart's students are still influential.)

Eleanor Cleavely. Device. Per fess azure and sable, a harp Or strung argent and a lion dormant Or.

Elias Loredan. Name and device. Sable, a horse rampant and in chief a compass rose, a bordure argent.

As documented, this name mixes English and Italian, which is one step from period practice. However, Hund notes that de Felice, Dizionario dei nomi italiani cites Elias as a Latinized form of the Italian Elia. Therefore, this name mixes a Latinized Italian and vernacular Italian mix.

Freydis inn kyrra Alfarinsdottir. Device. Sable fretty, on a pale Or a bone lucet gules.

This is the defining registration of a lucet, a tool for making cords. The submitter's documentation shows that this form of lucet, a rectangular tool with notches on the shorter ends made from the naturally notched end of a bovine nosebone, was found in period. We have blazoned it as a bone lucet to distinguish it from the lyre-shaped form commonly used in the SCA.

Gasparre di Lucca. Name.

Nice name!

Gawin Nortmann. Name and device. Ermine, two lions combattant gules and a cross potent, a bordure embattled sable.

Submitted as Gawin Nordmann, the submitter requested authenticity for German language/culture and accepted minor changes only. Brechenmacher, Etymologisches Woerterbuch der deutschen Familiennamen s.n. Nordmann, lists the forms Nortmann in 1539, and Nortman in 1414. We have changed this name to Gawin Nortmann to comply with his request for authenticity.

Giovanna Gabbriella Donati. Name and device. Quarterly sable and argent, in pale a crescent and a fleur-de-lys counterchanged.

Gwilim Bryn. Name and device. Per pale vert and sable, a demi-sun and two bears rampant addorsed one and two argent.

Submitted as Gwylym Bryn, the submitter requested authenticity for Welsh language/culture. The spelling of the given name is documented to the 16th C and the locative to the 13th. Such a temporal disparity is one step beyond period practice. We have changed the given name to Gwilim, a 13th C form found in Tangwystyl ferch Morgrant Glasvryn, "A Simple Guide to Constructing 13th Century Welsh Names," to comply with his request for authenticity.

Juliana van de Rosengaert. Name and device. Per pale vert and gules, on a cross the fesswise arms couped argent four roses in pale gules.

Submitted as Juliana van de Rozentuin, the submitter wanted a name meaning "Juliana from the rose garden" and requested authenticity for Dutch language/culture. Nebuly notes that this name does not reflect her intended meaning:

The byname is not correct for Dutch. The word tuin does translate as "garden," but more in the English sense of a garden estate, or grounds. In period, the word would have meant "enclosing hedge" or "fencerow." The correct word in Middle Dutch for "rose garden" would be rosenga(e)rde or rosengaert (Verdam, s.n. rosegaerde). The name can be made entirely and correctly Dutch as Juliana van de Rosengaert.

We have changed her name to Juliana van de Rosengaert to give the desired meaning and to comply with her request for authenticity.

Katherine Throckmorton. Name and device. Per saltire argent and gules, two Catherine's wheels gules.

The submitter requested authenticity for 16th C England. Bardsley, A Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames s.n. Throckmorton, dates the header spelling to 1571, 1572, and 1584. Therefore, this is a fine 16th C English name.

Matteo de Aragon. Name and device. Per bend gules and vert, a bend ermine cotised Or.

The submitter requested authenticity for 15th C Spanish/Italian. This name mixes Italian and Spanish; this is one step from period practice. If he wishes a fully Italian form of this name, we suggest Matteo Aragona. De Felice, Dizionario dei cognomi Italiani, s.n. Aragona, says that the name came into use in Italy after Aragonese conquests there in 1292. If the submitter is interested in a fully Spanish form, we suggest Mateo de Aragon, Mateo is found in Juliana de Luna, "Spanish Names from the Late 15th Century."

Rickard Hawthorne. Name and device. Per chevron azure and vert, on a chevron between a decrescent, an increscent and a tree eradicated argent two chevronels sable.

Robert M'Ean of Kyle. Name and device. Per chevron sable and argent, three skulls one and two and a jester's cap counterchanged.

Submitted as Robert Kyle MacEoin, the submitter requested authenticity for Scottish language/culture. As submitted, the name has two problems. First, the use of double inherited surnames is unattested in Scots naming practice. However, names of the form "given+surname+of locative" are common in Scotland in the 16th C. Switching the order of the bynames and making Kyle a true locative solves this problem. Second, the patronymic byname, MacEoin is undated in Black, suggesting it is modern, probably Gaelic form. Searches of CELT, http://www.ucc.ie/celt, confirm that MacEoin is a modern Gaelic name, but also consistent with Middle and Early Modern Irish. However, it is not a period Scots form. The submitter documented the given name and the locative byname to the 16th C. Black, The Surnames of Scotland s.n. MacIan, gives several 16th C Scots forms of the patronymic byname, including M'Cayne 1580, Mackane1541. M'Ean 1538. Therefore, we have changed the name to Robert M'Ean of Kyle in order to register it and to comply with his request for authenticity.

Robert M'Ean of Kyle. Badge. Quarterly sable and gules, a wolf's head erased argent and a bordure indented Or.

Róisi MacCracken. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Róise MacCracken, no documentation was submitted and none found to support Róise as a form of the name Róis or Róisi. We have changed the name to Róisi MacCracken; the spelling Róisi is documented to 1585 in Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index to Names in Irish Annals." This name combines Gaelic and English in the same name; this is one step from period practice.

Roland Winter. Name and device. Per bend argent and azure, a bird sable and a wolf's head erased contourny argent.

Submitted as Roland DeWinter, the submitter requested authenticity for an unspecified language/culture. As the name was documented as an English name, we assume this is the language/culture that interests him. Although de Winter is found as a locative in Holland in the 13th, 14th, and 15th C, there is no evidence that this form was used natively in England. In England, Winter is a patronymic surname. When the word Winter is found in a placename, it is either as a possessive element (place belonging to a man named Winter) or a descriptive element (place used in the winter). Therefore, we have changed the name to Roland Winter, a fully English form, to comply with his request for authenticity. We note that the submitted name is registerable, but inauthentic.

Sancha Pinheiro da Ilha Terceira. Name.

Sigrid Finnsdottir. Device. Per fess embattled azure and Or, three compass stars Or and a drakkar reversed proper sailed azure.

Svanhild bogsveiga færeyska. Name (see PENDS for device).

Submitted as Svanhild bogsveigira færeyjaska, the bynames are not in the appropriate forms. The submitter documents bodsveigir from Geirr Bassi, The Old Norse Name and attempts to form a feminine version by adding an a to the end. While the instinct is good, she fails to remove the masculine "-ir" ending; the correct feminine form is bodsveiga. Similarly, the root for forming the byname meaning "from the Faeroes" is færey-; the byname meaning "woman from the Faeroes" is færeyska. We have changed the name to Svanhild bosveiga færeyska in order to correct the grammar.

Some submitters noted that the name contained two descriptive bynames, which had been unregisterable. However precedent, set in May 2002, states "a name using two non-patronymic bynames in Old Norse is registerable so long as the bynames could reasonably be used to simultaneously describe the same person." This is the case here.

Syele von der Rosen. Device. Per pale sable and gules, a pale of four lozenges Or each charged with a rose proper between an increscent and a decrescent Or.

Tegan of Liskeard. Name and device (see RETURNS for badge). Argent, in pale a chameleon vert statant atop a heart gules, an orle purpure.

Submitted as Tegen of Liskeard, the submitter argued that this was a spelling variant of Tegan. We note that Heather Rose Jones, A Welsh Miscellany, published in 1993, lists the name Tegan. However, in the article, "Concerning the Name Tegan", written in 1998, she notes that "Tegan is found as an error for Tegau, the name of a female character appearing in Arthurian literature," so it is likely that the first citation reflects this error rather than a true documented form. The name Tegan has been registered over 40 times, including two registrations in 2004. Therefore Tegan is SCA-compatible. However, no documentation was submitted showing that Tegen is a reasonable variant of Tegan. Therefore, we have changed this name to Tegan of Liskeard.

Timm Bärenherz. Name and device. Argent, a fess dovetailed azure between four lozenges and a bear's paw-print gules.

Submitted as Timm der Bährherz, the intended meaning of Bährherz is "bear-heart." Other examples of "bear" bynames, Bärenfeller and Bärensteiner, suggest that Bärenherz would be the appropriate formation for this name. In addition, no documentation was submitted for "bear" bynames in German including the article. Therefore, we have changed this name to Timm Bärenherz.

Varr the Silent. Device. Azure, a chevron inverted between a cubit arm apaumy argent and two bees Or.

ATLANTIA

Alessandra Bencini. Name and device. Ermine, a unicorn passant and on a chief purpure three suns argent.

Nice name!

Andreas de Caunteton. Badge (see RETURNS for device). (Fieldless) A lion rampant chevronelly Or and azure.

Androu Weaver. Name and device. Barry and per pale argent and gules, in pale three bears passant sable.

Anne du Cygne Noir. Device. Argent, a swan naiant sable and on a chief wavy purpure three fleurs-de-lys Or.

Barbary Adames. Name.

Beatrice Villani. Device. Argent, three irises purpure slipped and leaved vert, a chief invected purpure.

Bj{o,}rn Arnaldsson. Name and device. Sable, three Bowen knots argent within a serpent involved head to base Or.

Blitha of Wolfhou. Device. Azure semy of wolf's paw prints argent, on a pile inverted ployé throughout Or a tower azure.

Cian of Storvik. Name.

Coenred æt Rauenesdale. Name.

Constantina Tagarina. Device. Azure, on a lozenge argent a sprig of alder vert, a bordure argent.

This device does not conflict with Anne Elizabeth Ross, Azure, on a lozenge argent, a thistle proper, a chief embattled argent. There is a CD for changing the chief to a bordure and another for a substantial change of type from a thistle to a sprig of alder under RfS X.4.j.ii. Past precedent says, "There is also a substantial difference between a shamrock and a thistle" [Magdalena Bischoptre, 10/99, A-Calontir]. The difference between a thistle and a shamrock is comparable to that between a thistle and a sprig of three leaves such as the one on this device.

Cristina Iarina Chaikinaia. Name.

Cuilén Ó Cinnéide. Device. Per bend sinister indented argent and gules masoned argent.

Eadan maol. Device. Per pale azure and purpure, a rapier and overall in saltire two arrows inverted Or.

Edonea MacKay. Name and device. Azure, a sun in splendor and on a chief Or three ravens sable.

Elspet Byndelase. Device change. Gules, a chevron vair-in-pale.

She has a letter of permission to conflict from Robert of Calais, Sable, a chevron vair.

Her previous device, Gules, a chevron vair-in-pale between three wolves courant contourny argent each charged on the shoulder with a heart sable is retained as a badge.

Emma Rudolfstochter. Name.

Submitted as Emma Rodulfstochter, the submitter requested authenticity for 15th C German and accepted only minor changes. The spelling of the patronymic, Rodulf is typical of the 13th C, but by the 15th C the typical form is Rudolf. Talan Gwynek, "Late Period German Masculine Given Names" shows Rudolff in the 15th C and Rudolf in the latter half of the 14th C. We have changed the name to Emma Rudolfsdochter to partially comply with her request for authenticity.

The given name Emma is documented as a French name. Mixing French and German in a single name is a step from period practice. Socin, Mittelhochdeutsches Namenbuch p.56, shows Hemma Tochter des Rùdolfus. We would change the given name to this form, but changing the language of a name is a major change which the submitter will not allow.

Erich von Oßenbrugge. Name and device. Gules, in fess an oak tree couped and a griffin segreant Or.

Submitted as Erich von Osnabrück, the submitter requested authenticity for 14th C German. The spelling of the locative is modern. However, Brechenmacher, Etymologisches Woerterbuch der deutschen Familiennamen dates the spelling Oßenbrugge to 1488. We have changed the locative byname to this spelling to partially comply with his request for authenticity. This should be a reasonable 15th C form of this name, but, as we do not have any 14th C examples of the locative, we are uncertain whether it is authentic for the 14th C.

Grimald Rauening. Name.

Guenièvre de Monmarché and Girard le Bourguignon. Badge. (Fieldless) A fleur-de-lys per pale argent and azure.

Günter Weiss. Name and device. Gules, on a roundel engrailed argent a tree blasted and eradicated sable and on a chief argent two boars statant addorsed gules.

Jeneuer Brock. Name and device. Purpure, a brock's head erased Or.

Josep le Capeller. Name and device. Per fess ermine and sable, a stallion salient gules within a bordure engrailed counterchanged.

Submitted as Josep Estienne le Capeller, the submitter requested an authentic 14th C name, but did not specify a language. The name combines English and French in the same name. While such combinations are unremarkable, this particular combination of an English given name, a French patronymic and an English occupational byname is highly unlikely. As both double given names and double bynames are rare until the 16th C, we have dropped the patronymic, Estienne, to comply with his request for authenticity.

Josep le Capeller. Badge. Per fess invected ermine and sable.

Kaleeb al-Akhdar. Name and device. Argent, a die gules marked argent.

Submitted as Kaleeb al-Hadra', the gender of the given name is masculine, while the byname is a feminine form. In Arabic, the byname must agree in gender with the given name. According to al-Jamal, " -Hadra (or, more accurately, khadra) is the feminine form of the masculine akhdar." The correct masculine form of the byname is al-Akhdar. We have changed the name to Kaleeb al-Akhdar in order to register it.

Lazaros Tagaris. Device. Sable, on a bend sinister engrailed between two crosses of four lozenges Or a scarpe gules.

Lodwig von Neusohl. Name and device. Gules, on a fess dovetailed Or a broad axe reversed and inverted sable.

Máire O Halowrane. Name.

This name mixes Gaelic and Anglicized Gaelic; this is one step from period practice.

Malcolm MacCallum of Moffat. Name and device. Per chevron embattled sable and Or, two lions combatant and a tower counterchanged.

Listed on the LoI as Malcolm MacCullum de Moffat, the form and documentation both show MacCallum. We have changed the patronymic back to the originally submitted form. As submitted, the name appears to have two inherited surnames. No documentation was provided and none found for this practice in period Scotland. However, names of the form "given+byname+of locative" are common in 16th C Scotland. We have changed the name to Malcolm MacCallum of Moffat in order to register it.

Mariss Ghijs. Name and device. Argent, a fess wavy azure between three seeblätter gules.

The submitter requested authenticity for 15th C Frisian. As we have been unable to find a Frisian form of the given name, we are unable to suggest an fully authentic form.

Mikhail Chaika Pavlov syn Novgorodets. Name.

Mór ingen uí Dochartaich. Name.

Randvér askmaðr. Name.

Rebecca von Zweckel. Name and device. Or, a horse passant contourny sable within a bordure embattled vert.

Rebecca is her legal given name. No documentation was presented that Zwickel is a German placename; the submitted documentation indicates that it is a descriptive byname. However, her husband's registered name is Kollack von Zweckel, so the byname is grandfathered to his spouse and immediate family.

Richard Foxmoore. Name and device. Argent, a unicorn's head couped contourny azure and on a chief sable a sword reversed argent.

Rudolf der Schütze. Name and device. Argent, a tower gules within a bordure quarterly sable and vert.

Submitted as Rodulf der Schützer, the submitter requested authenticity for 15th C German and accepted minor changes. The spelling of the given name, Rodulf is typical of the 13th C, but by the 15th C the typical form is Rudolf. Talan Gwynek, "Late Period German Masculine Given Names" shows Rudolff in the 15th C and Rudolf in the latter half of the 14th C. In addition, the grammar of the byname is incorrect; Schützer is an adjectival form of der Schütze. We have changed the name to Rudolf der Schütze to correct the grammar and partially comply with his request for authenticity.

Sadb Dánae. Name and device. Azure, a tree blasted and eradicated argent within an orle Or.

Safiyah al-'Attarah bint 'Abd al-Rahman. Name and device. Argent, a hedgehog rampant sable its quills impaling grapes purpure maintaining a mortar and pestle Or, a bordure rayonny azure.

Submitted as Safiyah al-'Attariyah bint 'Abd al-Rahman, the grammar of the nisba, al-'Attariyah, is incorrect. In this case, a hypothetical feminine ending "yah" was added to the end of the masculine form of the nisba, al'Attari, rather than to the root al-'Attar-. The correct feminine form of this nisba is al-'Attarah. We have changed the name to Safiyah al-'Attarah bint 'Abd al-Rahman to correct the grammar.

Saige of Lochmere. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per pale vert and sable, a tree blasted and eradicated within a bordure Or.

This device does not conflict with Betva a Bedwyn, Vert, a birch tree argent leaved Or, a bordure of knotwork argent. An examination of Betva's device (reblazoned on the Atenveldt section of this LoAR) shows that the bordure is not only argent, rather than Or as previosuly blazoned, but that it is actually made up of knotwork.

Submitted under the name Saige inghean Ghiolla Phádraig.

Sciath ingen meic Con. Name and device. Per fess gules and argent, a rose argent and a swan naiant sable.

The submitter requested authenticity for Scotland or Wales. The given name is documented as a saint's name in Ireland, but there is no evidence that it entered the general naming pool or that it was used in Scotland. Therefore, we are unable to comply with her request for authenticity.

Siobhán le Wilfulle. Name and device. Purpure, in pale a decrescent Or and a dove close contourny maintaining in its beak a moonflower slipped argent leaved Or.

This name combines Gaelic and English in a single name; this is one step from period practice.

Skorri Einarsson. Name and device. Gyronny azure and argent, a domestic cat statant Or within a bordure gules.

Stephan of Churchton. Device. Azure, a chevron ensigned with a Latin cross between three annulets engrailed on the outer edge Or.

Táriq ibn Khalil. Device. Per pale argent and sable, two horses salient respectant counterchanged and on a chief rayonny azure three crescents pendant Or.

Timothy Macalpin. Name.

Vilhjálmr assa Vilhjálmsson. Name and device. Or, a chevron rompu sable between two eagle's heads erased addorsed gules and a phoenix sable.

William of Caer Maer. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Argent, a wolf rampant and on a chief purpure three crosses flory argent.

Submitted under the name William Thomas.

CAID

Altan Gal. Name and device. Gules, an Oriental dragon passant to sinister between in pale a pair of olive branches inverted in chevron and a pair of olive branches in chevron inverted, a dexter tierce embattled Or.

Alys Chauntrey. Name.

Nice name!

Angels, Barony of the. Order name Order of Apollo.

No documentation was submitted and none found that period order names were formed using the names of non-christian-deities. However, the Barony already has Order of Athena registered to them; therefore, the pattern "Order of 'Greek god'" is grandfathered to them.

Conchobar mac Lochlainn. Name and device. Vert, a stag's head cabossed and on a chief embattled Or three acorns inverted slipped and leaved vert.

This name is not a conflict with Connor Mac Loghan, registered September 1992. The names are significantly different in appearance, and the name Mac Lochlainn has a ch+l or k+l sound missing from Mac Loghan.

Conchobar mac Lochlainn. Badge. Vert, in bend sinister three acorns inverted slipped and leaved Or.

Please advise the submitter to draw the acorns larger.

Conchobar mac Lochlainn and Santin Westmerland of Ravenstonedale. Joint badge. Per bend sinister sable and Or, a thistle Or and a rose gules barbed vert.

Submitted as a joint badge for the household name of Clann Lochlainn Mor which was submitted by Santin Westerland of Ravenstonedale in this letter. As the household name is being returned we have removed the usage note from the badge.

Cormac Mór. Household name Poore House.

Cormac Mór. Badge. Per bend Or and argent.

Dalla Jade. Name.

This name combines English and Old Norse in a single name; this is one step from period practice.

Galti skullcleaver. Name.

The byname skullcleaver is a translation of the Old Norse hausakljúfr. Because the byname is documented in Old Norse, the Lingua Anglica rule allows us to register its English translation.

Lia da Firenze. Name.

Lijss van den Kerckhove. Name and device. Purpure, a swan naiant wings elevated and addorsed argent and on a chief dovetailed Or two sprigs of rosemary conjoined at the base vert.

Macha Drake. Device. Argent goutty, a dragon azure.

Mora de Buchanan. Device. Per chevron purpure and vert, an owl rising guardant wings displayed argent.

Patricia de Lyon. Device. Gules, a lion's head cabossed and a bordure argent.

Perrin le Blanc. Device. Quarterly sable and vert, an annulet between four fleurs-de-lys within a bordure all counterchanged argent and Or.

Þórunn the wise. Name.

The byname the wise is a translation of the Old Norse in spaka. Because the byname is documented in Old Norse, the Lingua Anglica rule allows us to register its English translation.

Wulfgar gerpir. Name.

This name mixes Old English and Old Norse; this is one step from period practice.

The submitter indicated that, if the name needed to be changed, he cared most about language/culture but did not specify a language. If the submitter is interested in a fully Old Norse name, we suggest Úlfarr gerpir; Úlfarr is found in Geirr Bassi, The Old Norse Name. If the submitter is interested in a fully Old English name, we suggest Wulfgar céne; the Oxford English Dictionary glosses this as "brave" or "daring" (also "wise, clever", and "cruel") -- the modern derivative is "keen."

DRACHENWALD

None.

LOCHAC

Cairistiona inghean Raghnaill. Device. Gules, a unicorn rampant argent armed and on a bordure Or an orle sable.

This device was pended on the April 2004 LoAR because the tincture of the unicorn was omitted from the blazon on the Letter of Intent.

Cluain, Canton of. Branch name and device. Per fess wavy argent and vert, a bull salient guardant sable and a laurel wreath argent.

These items were pended in the in September 2004 LoAR to allow time for the branch to provide a proper petition for the name. Normally, we would have returned this name for lack of an appropriate petition of support. However, because of the various vagaries of starting an office such as the Pelican Sovereign of Arms, no one notified the group that they needed to complete their paperwork prior to the date the rulings were made. The device was pended in the July 2004. A properly constructed petition was received for this branch name and device so they can now be registered.

Dragon Demonskyi. Name.

Eirikr of Ynys Fawr. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per pale argent and gules, two fish hauriant embowed respectant counterchanged.

Submitted under the name Eirikr Þorolfsson.

Elen Benet. Name and device. Party of six pieces argent and azure, three cinquefoils azure.

Blazoned on the LoI as Per fess argent and azure, on a pale counterchanged between two cinquefoils pierced a cinquefoil pierced azure, the consensus of the College was that the device was better described as above. Research found no conflicts under either blazon.

Nice armory!

Elen Benet. Blanket permission to conflict with device. Party of six pieces argent and azure, three cinquefoils azure.

Isabella Rossini. Name.

The question was raised whether this name conflicts with the name of the character actress Isabella Rossellini of the Earthsea miniseries and Death Becomes Her fame. The commenters were split on whether she was important enough to protect. However, enough commenters (and participants at the Pelican meeting) either did not recognize the name, or had to think about who she was, that I cannot in good conscience declare her important enough to protect.

Kasian Astrakhanovich. Name.

Lochac, Kingdom of. Badge for Royal Guild of Defence. (Fieldless) On a compass star gyronny azure and argent an escutcheon gules.

Wolff Hebenstreit. Name and device. Per pale gules and vert, a wolf rampant contourny and a chief Or.

The submitter requested authenticity for 15th C German. This is a lovely 15th C German name.

MERIDIES

Alsinda de Rochabaron. Name.

The submitter requested authenticity for 16th C Occitan. However, no documentation was provided and none found that either the given name or the byname are Occitan, or found after the 12th C. Therefore, we are unable to comply with her request for authenticity.

Alys Wallas. Household name House Silver Thistle.

Alys Wallas and Cydrych Wallas. Addition of joint owner Cydrych Wallas for badge. Per bend sinister vert and azure, a bend sinister between a thistle and a tower argent.

Andrew MacLeod the Greybeard. Name change from holding name Andrew of Marion Glen.

Ann du Bosc. Device. Vert, a cross checky sable and argent between four cauldrons Or.

Brighid Aileen O'Hagan. Device change. Vert, a bend sinister wavy between three mullets and three harps Or.

Her former device, Gules, on a pale wavy between a decrescent and an increscent argent, three mullets azure, is released.

Conchobhar mac Bruaidín. Name and device. Per chevron azure and vert, a chevron between three triquetras one and two and a boar passant contourny argent.

Falko von der Weser. Household name Zunft der Schildermaler vom Weißen Thurm and badge. (Fieldless) On a tower argent in pale three escutcheons sable.

Listed on the Letter of Intent as Zunft dër Schildermaler vom Weißen Thurm, the forms showed Zunft der Schildermaler vom Weißen Thurm. No reason for the change was given on the Letter of Intent, nor was this change made on the forms, so we must assume that this is a typo. We have changed the name back to the spelling on the forms.

Garen of Marion Glen. Device. Or, a falcon and on a chief azure three lozenges Or.

Jocosa d' Auxerre. Name (see PENDS for device).

The submitter requested authenticity for Anglo-French. The given name is documented to the late 16th C. Although the concept of an Anglo-Norman name or an Anglo-French name is meaningful at the time of the Conquest, by the 16th C, such names are generally simply English or French. However, English given names are still registerable without penalty with French bynames.

Marion Leoncina da Susa. Name.

This name combines French and Italian, this is one step beyond period practice. If the submitter is interested in a fully Italian name, we suggest Marianna Leoncina da Susa, Marianna is noted in Arval Benicoeur, "Feminine Given Names from the Online Catasto of Florence of 1427."

Tegan of Marion Glen. Device. Or, on a bend azure between two elephants gules three lozenges Or.

Nice armory!

MIDDLE

Ailléne Ravenstongue. Reblazon of device. Per fess sable and argent, in pale a moon in her complement argent and a raven sable perched atop and sustained by an oak branch fesswise proper.

This has been reblazoned from Per fess sable and argent, in pale a moon in her complement argent and a raven sable perched upon an oak branch fesswise proper to reflect the fact that the branch is co-primary with the raven and the moon.

Bertholmeu MacMolan. Name.

Submitted as Bartholomew McMullins, the submitter requested authenticity for 13th-14th C Scotland. Black, Surnames of Scotland s.n. Bartholomew, lists an Alisaundre Bertholmeu in 1296; s.n. MacMillan, he lists Gillemor MacMolan in 1263. We have changed this name to Bertholmeu MacMolan to comply with the submitter's request for authenticity.

Christian Blood. Device. Azure, a double-bitted axe and a bordure argent.

This device does not conflict with Kingdom of Caid (Office of the Chancellor), Azure, a fasces within a bordure embattled argent. There is a CD for a bordure versus a bordure embattled and another for the change of type from axe to fasces, a composite charge made up of an axe surrounded by a bundle of sticks.

Cú Chonnacht Ó Tighearnáin. Device. Bendy sinister vert and erminois.

He has a letter of permission to conflict from Brenna the Disinherited, Bendy sinister of four vert, argent, purpure and argent.

David de Clermunt. Name change from Ian Roy Gordon and device change. Gyronny argent and sable, a cross formy gules within a bordure counterchanged.

His old name, Ian Roy Gordon, and previous device, Azure, a sword proper and on a chief embattled argent three crosses formy gules, are released.

Drakelaw, Shire of. Branch name and device. Sable, on a pale between in chief two laurel wreaths argent a dragon's head couped contourny sable.

Eginolf von Basel. Name.

Khalil ibn Yusuf al-Balansi. Device. Per fess indented argent and azure, two ostrich feathers in saltire vert and an open scroll fesswise argent.

Khalil ibn Yusuf al-Balansi. Badge. Azure, on an open scroll fesswise argent two ostrich feathers in saltire vert.

This badge does not conflict with Yale University, Azure, an open book argent charged with Hebrew letters sable. This potential conflict depends on whether or not there is a significant difference between a book and a scroll. The only precedent that bears on the question is from July 1991, addressing what is now informally known as the sword-and-dagger rule: "The use of two similar but non-identical charges in a group has been cause for return many times in the past. A scroll is one kind of book and a book is another." This wording suggests an existing precedent, but none are in the collected precedents and none were found in a search of returns in earlier LoARs.

In any case, it is clear that under the current rules a scroll and a book are at least significantly different. They are both period charges. The scroll occurs in the arms of Sir Roger de Clarendon, natural son of Edward the Black Prince (Parker, p. 238). The book occurs in many coats, typically academic or ecclesiastical, including the arms of the University of Oxford (Parker, p. 71). There is no reason to suspect that the two charges were considered interchangeable, meeting the standard in RfS X.4.e. for signficantly different charge types.

Marie la Fauconniere. Name and device. Azure semy of hawk's bells, a falcon argent.

Mellilah al-Zarqa'. Name change from Melisande d'Eyncourt.

Submitted as Mellilah al-Zarqah, the documentation for the byname shows al-Zarqa'. As ah and a' are translterations of different characters/sounds, we have changed the name to Mellilah al-Zarqa' to match the documentation.

Her old name, Melisande d'Eyncourt, is retained as an alternate name.

Middle, Kingdom of the. Order name Order of the Gold Mace (see RETURNS for badge).

William Kilmaron. Name change from Kázmér Edvárd.

His old name, Kázmér Edvárd, is released.

NORTHSHIELD

Cristal of Windhaven. Name and device. Sable, a dragon's head erased Or and on a chief argent three crosses formy azure.

The submitter requested authenticity for 14th C Scotland. However, as the SCA branch name Windhaven is not a Scottish placename, we are unable to comply with his request.

Jehan Bacheler. Name and device. Or, on a bend wavy sable three ivy leaves Or.

Nice name!

Blazoned on the Letter of Intent as fig leaves, the tertiary charges actually appear to be ivy leaves.

Juliana de Montaign of Huntington. Name change from Edward Geoffrey de Montaign of Huntington and device change. Quarterly gules and Or ermined gules, two sea-lions reguardant Or, a bordure counterchanged.

The old name, Edward Geoffrey de Montaign of Huntington, is released.

Blazoned on the Letter of Intent as sea-horses, the primary charges are clearly sea-lions reguardant (as was noted by several commenters).

Her former device, Purpure, a Greek sphinx sejant Or, is released.

Juliana de Montaign of Huntington. Badge. Or ermined, a bend sinister cotised gules.

Krÿstÿna Mihaly. Name change from Cecily de Kenton and device change. Azure, a cross cotised between four crosses flory Or.

Submitted as Mihály Krÿstÿna, the submitter requested authenticity for 14th C Hungarian language/culture. Nebuly notes that the patronymic, Mihály is the modern form of this name, but dates Mihaly to 1589. In addition, by precedent, unmarked patronymics must appear after the given name in Hungarian names

Hungarian names may be registered with either the given name or byname as the first element, except when the byname is an unmarked patronym or metronym. In that case, the byname should follow the given name. [István Nviregyhazi, Aug 98 LoAR, p.8]

Therefore, we have changed the name to Krÿstÿna Mihaly in order to register it. Both the given name and the byname are documented to the 16th C; we have no documentation for possible 14th C forms. Therefore, we are unable to comply with the submitter's request for authenticity.

Her old name, Cecily de Kenton is released.

Her former name Cecily de Kenton and device, Azure, on a cross cotised between four crosses flory Or a cross flory azure, is released.

Krÿstÿna Mihaly. Badge. (Fieldless) In saltire two keys wards to chief azure.

Margery Colvere. Name and device. Azure, in pale two trout argent.

The submitter requested authenticity for 14th C England. This is a lovely 14th C English name.

Nice armory!

Nikolai of Trakai. Badge change. (Fieldless) Two arrows inverted in saltire Or surmounted by a spired tower argent roofed of wooden shingles proper.

This item was pended on the April 2004 LoAR to allow discussion of the best way to blazon it. The depiction of the tower as roofed with wooden shingles is grandfathered to the submitter.

His previously registered badge, Vert, two arrows inverted in saltire surmounted by a tower Or, is released.

Northshield, Principality of. Award name Award of the Compass and badge. (Fieldless) A pair of compasses Or.

Northshield, Principality of. Award name Award of the Gold Lamp.

Northshield, Principality of. Award name Award of the Palfrey and badge. (Fieldless) A horse passant sable charged on the shoulder with a compass rose argent.

Northshield, Principality of. Award name Award of the White Owl.

Northshield, Principality of. Order name Award of the Black Bolt and badge. (Fieldless) A lightning bolt bendwise sinister sable.

Northshield, Principality of. Order name Order of the Destrer and badge. (Fieldless) A compass rose argent sustained by a horse rampant Or.

Northshield, Principality of. Badge (see RETURNS for award name Award of the Balefire). (Fieldless) A flame sable.

OUTLANDS

Angharat verch Ioreword. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Arland the Bastard. Name and device. Quarterly gules and azure, a sword proper between three two-horned anvils Or.

Conall Óg mac Dabhídh. Name.

Edmund Newcastle. Device change. Per pale gules and argent, a chevron per pale Or and purpure between three roundels, each charged with a Maltese cross throughout counterchanged.

His previous device Per fess sable and gules, in chief a compass star and in base three palets couped at the line of division argent is retained as a badge.

Eliyahu ben Ezra. Name change from Aedhán Brecc.

Originally submitted as Eliyahu ben Ezra, the name was changed in Kingdom to Elijah ben Ezra to match the available documentation. However, Eliyahu is a standard transliteration of this Hebrew name. Therefore, we have changed the name back to the originally submitted form.

His old name, Aedhán Brecc, is released.

Furukusu Tatsujirou Masahide. Name change from Taliesin ab Iago.

His old name, Taliesin ab Iago, is released.

Guillaume Jean Pierre de Mortain. Name.

Submitted as Guillaume Jean-Pierre de Mortain, double-given names, sometimes hyphenated, are occasionally found in French names, but no evidence was submitted and none found showing the use of triple given names in France. However, by dropping the hyphen, the name we can reasonably interpret the name as a double given name, an unmarked patronymic and a locative byname. We have done this in order to register the name.

Juste de Beauharnais. Name.

Kerry of Windkeep. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per pale sable and azure, a unicorn rampant and a bordure embattled argent.

Submitted under the name Cameron de Blakstan.

Marko Evanovich Panfilov. Device. Vert, an owl contourny Or within an orle argent.

Raisa Zaplatskaya. Name.

Stephen North. Device. Sable, three annulets interlaced one and two argent within a triangle voided Or, a bordure argent.

Þorgautr Sveinsson inn upplenzki. Name.

Submitted as Þorgautr Sveinnsson inn upplenzki, the patronymic is incorrectly formed. In Old Norse, the genitive of names ending in -nn are formed by transforming the ending letters to -ns. We have changed the name to Þorgautr Sveinsson inn upplenzki to correct the grammar. We note that this name means "Þorgautr, son of Sveinn from upplenzki." If he wants a name meaning "Þorgautr from upplenzki, son of Sveinn", then the name order would be Þorgautr inn upplenzki Sveinsson.

WEST

Aed of Avigdor. Badge. Ermine, a unicorn's head contourny issuant from base sable, on a chief purpure a club Or.

Annora Coupe Rose. Name and device. Azure, a griffin segreant argent winged, an orle of cinquefoils Or.

Avelina Dragon. Device. Argent, a wyvern displayed head to sinister and a chief vert.

Catherine Lorraine of Stonegate Manor. Badge. Per pale gules and azure, an elephant statant to sinister between three fleurs-de-lys argent.

Elric of Wolfscairn. Name.

Fettburg, Barony of. Badge for the populace. Per bend vert and Or, a tower counterchanged.

Jeffery of Jarrow. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Nicodemus Radomirow. Name and device. Per fess argent and lozengy azure and Or, in chief a rat passant sable.

Vinzenz Karius. Name and device. Per pale vert and sable, two griffins combatant and a sunburst argent.

Ysabelle d'Angiers. Device. Azure, a key palewise wards to chief between in fess two fleurs-de-lys Or.

- Explicit littera accipendorum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN RETURNED FOR FURTHER WORK:

ÆTHELMEARC

Morgan of Caer Graeme. Badge. Azure, a fess embattled Or and overall a sword proper enflamed gules.

This badge must be returned for redrawing because of problems with the enflaming of the sword. While precedent holds that properly drawn enflaming, small gouttes of flame issuing from the charge, is a blazonable artistic detail and can violate the contrast rules found in RfS VIII.2, in this case, the flames are entirely disconnected from the sword and appear to "float" on the low-contrast field. Recent precedent deals with a very similar case involving flames proper: "The "flames" that are not attached to the sword are each of a single tincture; those that are gules break the Rule of Tincture. Objects that are enflamed should have small gouts of flames emerging from, but still touching, the object at random intervals" [Stephen Other, 10/04, R-Artemesia].

AN TIR

Ay{s,}e al-Zahra'. Name.

As submitted, this name is two steps from period practice. First, it combines Turkish and Arabic in the same name, this was declared a step from period practice in June 2001. Second, there is a more than 300 year gap between the early 16th C date of the given name and the, at latest, 1200 date for the byname. If the submitter is interested in a fully Arabic form of this name, we suggest `A`isha al-Zahra'. We would change the name to this form, but the submitter will not accept major changes such as changing the language of a name element.

Edward Little. Device. Azure, seven square buckles three three and one Or.

This lovely device is returned for conflict with Mebd Liath, Azure, six round buckles Or, registered November 2004. RfS X.4.f gives no difference between the numbers six and higher and there are no CDs for the field nor for the tincture or arrangement of the charges. The only possible CD might come from a distinction between square and round buckles, an issue on which we decline to rule at this time.

Magnus Olafsson. Name.

Conflict with Magnus Olafsson, also known as Magnus Den Gode, King of Norway in from 1037-1047. Medieval and renaissance kings are always considered important enough to protect their names.

Ragnhildr in Sieðkona. Name.

The byname is disallowed under RFS VI.2, Names Claiming Powers. You may not style yourself 'the sorceress' in the Society. Precedent set March 2001 says:

The byname means Wizard and thus violates RfS VI.2: Names containing elements that allude to powers that the submitter does not possess are considered presumptuous. Barring evidence that he is a wizard, or that this byname was used by normal humans in period, we have to return this.

This name is directly analogous.

While not cause for return, there are grammatical, spelling, and transcription problems with the name. First, the spelling of the byname in the documentation is Seiðkona, not Sieðkona. Second, in Old Norse, bynames using in or inn are always weak adjectival forms, but Sieðkona is a noun meaning sorcoress or witch. Finally, by precedent, descriptive bynames in Old Norse are always transcribed in all lowercase.

His armory has been registered under the holding name Ragnhildr of Dragon's Laire.

Tir Rígh, Principality of. Order name Order of the Hafoc. (Fieldless) A hawk striking to sinister erminois.

This Order name is not in conflict with the registered Hawk Herald, registered May 1989. By precedent, the Old English havoc or hafoc does not conflict with its Middle and Elizabethan English counterparts:

[Wyll Hauk vs William of Havoc] The possibility of conflict with William of Havoc... depends on the fact that Middle English hauk derives from Old English hafoc `hawk'. Nevertheless, Hauk and Havoc look and sound significantly different. They are also not really variant forms in a single language: hauk is best viewed in this context as a late Middle or early Modern English translation of the late Old English havoc, and we don't protect translations unless they preserve both the appearance and the sound. [The name was registered.] (Will Hauk, October 1995, p. 3).

Unfortunately, this badge must be returned because no miniature emblazon for it appeared on the Letter of Intent, and no timely Letter of Correction was received. The Administrative Handbook, section V.B.2.e, states that "[a]n accurate representation of each piece of submitted armory shall be included on the letter of intent."

ANSTEORRA

Sabine Lefevre d'Armagnac. Badge. Vert, a goblet between two bunches of grapes Or.

This device conflicts with Graffico de Drell, Vert, entwined about a chalice Or, a serpent head to sinister sable. Precedent indicates, regarding a similar conflict, "[Graffico's] serpent is not significant, therefore there is only one CD for the addition of the secondary charges" [Beatrice Domenici della Campana, 12/00, R-An Tir].

ARTEMISIA

Gracia Rede de Hauke. Device. Per chevron sable and Or, two rapiers crossed in chevron Or and a hawk displayed head to sinister gules.

This device conflicts with Alasdair MacKenzie, Per chevron azure and Or, two swords in saltire Or and a lion rampant gules. There is a CD for changing the field, but no additional CD for changing the bottommost charge from lion to eagle. Precedent has explicitly ruled that the arrangement in question is not two and one and so cannot receive a CD for changing the bottommost charge:

[Per pall sable, vert and argent, in pale two swords crossed in saltire argent and a cat's paw print counterchanged.] Conflict with ... Per fess embattled vert and argent, in pale two swords in saltire and a compass star counterchanged. There is one CD for the changes to the field, but none for change in type and tincture for only one of three of the primary charges (as they are not arranged two and one) [Roger de Kymberle, 09/99, R-Atlantia].

In addition, if the submitter decides to use the canting charge of a hawk in a future submission, we suggest that she place it in the default close posture and/or add the characteristic bells and jesses. As currently drawn, the hawk is indistinguishable from the heraldic eagle.

ATENVELDT

Helena de Argentoune. Device. Per bend sable and gules, a simurgh volant bendwise Or.

This device must be returned for administrative reasons. The forms on which it was submitted were not the standard, approved forms for the submitter's kingdom. In particular, the escutcheon on the forms measured only 3 3/4 inches by 4 3/4 inches, much smaller than the 5 inches by 6 inches specified in section IV.C.1.d of the Administrative Handbook.

Blazoned on the Letter of Intent as a Chinese phoenix, the forms blazoned the charge as a simurgh, the usual SCA term for this type of monster.

This device does not conflict with Reagan of the White Dawn, Per bend sinister azure and vert, a songbird migrant bendwise maintaining in its beak a flute bendwise sinister Or, or Reagan of the White Dawn, Azure, a songbird migrant bendwise, maintaining in its beak a fusa, Or. There is a CD for the field and another for the change of type between a songbird and a simurgh, which is a monster with a long, distinctive multi-part tail.

Robert Leslie MacAlister. Name.

No documentation was provided and none found for multiple inherited surnames in Scots in period. Barring such documentation, double inherited surnames in Scots are not registerable. Names of the form "given+surname+of locative" are common in the 16th C. As Leslie is originally a locative byname, we would change this name to Robert MacAlister of Leslie. However, the submitter will not accept major changes such as reordering the name phrases. We note that Robert Leslie and Robert MacAlister are both registerable forms of this name.

Róisi MacCracken. Device. Or, between a chevron and a chevron inverted braced a bee purpure.

This device conflicts with the Order of the Purple Fret, Or, a fret purpure. While there may technically be several CDs between a fret and a chevron and a chevron inverted braced, the consensus of the meeting was that there is an overwhelming visual similarity as defined in RfS X.5 between the two pieces of armory, with the small secondary bee on Róise's device adding little difference.

Tegan of Liskeard. Badge. (Fieldless) A peacock feather bendwise sinister proper surmounted and sustained by a Cornish chough proper.

This badge violates our policy regarding overall charges on fieldless badges and must be returned. Precedent states:

Fieldless badges may no longer use overall charges, except in cases where the overlap area is small; this is usually restricted to long, skinny charges such as a sword (LoAR cover letter of 15 Jan 93). As drawn..., the feather in this badge doesn't meet that standard" (Order of the Golden Feather (Principality of Artemisia), May, 1993, pg. 14).

ATLANTIA

Andreas de Caunteton. Device. Per pale Or and azure, two lions combatant counterchanged.

This device conflicts with the Kingdom of the East, Per pale Or and azure, two tygers combattant counterchanged. By precedent, there is only significant, not substantial, difference for the change from tygers to lions:

[a lion vs. a continental panther] There is one CD, but not substantial difference, between a heraldic (as opposed to natural) panther and a lion, just as there is only one CD between a heraldic tyger and a lion per RfS X.4.e. [Jane Atwell, 02/03, R-Æthelmearc]

Girard le Bourguignon and Guenièvre de Monmarché. Badge. (Fieldless) A cross fleury purpure.

This badge conflicts with Oriana of Ely, (Fieldless) A cross of Calatrava purpure, registered November 2004. There is one CD for fieldlessness, but there is no significant difference between a cross fleury and a cross of Calatrava, which, according to the Pictoral Dictionary (s.n. cross), "was originally a highly ornamental form of the cross flory."

Saige inghean Ghiolla Phádraig. Name.

This name mixes Welsh and Gaelic; such combinations are unregisterable. Various investigations have been made about substantial contact between Ireland and Wales in period and, despite my expectations, none has been found to indicate substantial contact between Gaelic speakers and Welsh speakers. Barring such documentation, we cannot in good conscience overturn this precedent.

If the submitter is interested in a fully Welsh name, we suggest Saige verch Padrig, Padrig is found in the names list in Heather Rose Jones, A Welsh Miscellany.

Her armory has been registered under the holding name Saige of Lochmere.

Timothy of Shaftesbury. Device. Gules, five arrows in arch and a mount Or.

This device must be returned for using an arch of charges, a practice long forbidden in SCA heraldry. Precedent says:

It has been ruled that an arch of charges is not period heraldic style. The ruling was originally for an arch of stars : "Stars surrounding only part of a charge is fantasy art." [BoE, 28 Sept 84] It has since been extended to any charges "in arch" (Michaela de Romeny, October, 1992, pg. 30).

William Thomas. Name.

Conflict with William Thomson, Lord Kelvin, who established the absolute temperature scale that bears the name Kelvin. The bynames Thomas and Thomson are both English patronymics meaning "son of Thomas."

His armory has been registered under the holding name William of Caer Maer.

CAID

Gwyneth of the Red Gryphon. Device. Quarterly azure and Or, a gryphon sejant gules.

This device conflicts with Bruce the Long-Winded, Sable, a griffin sejant, sinister foreleg raised, gules, fimbriated Or, maintaining in its beak a bezant. The only CD is for the changes to the field.

Santin Westmerland of Ravenstonedale. Household name Clann Lochlainn Mor.

This is presumptous of the real-world Clann Lochlainn. While the descriptive element Mor clears the two names of conflict, the founder of the real-world Clann Lochlainn is, according to the submitter's documentation, Lochlainn Mor. Therefore, this claim is identical to the one of the real-world clan. If the submitter wishes to remove the presumption, we suggest choosing a different descriptive byname. Clann Lochlain Dubh, for example, would not be presumptous.

DRACHENWALD

Caoimhghin MacAindriú. Device. Sable, three sinister gauntlets clenched in chevron and a mullet of eight points argent.

The device is returned for redrawing. As blazoned, the gauntlets and mullets should be a group of four co-primary charges. As drawn, the size of the mullet leaves it unclear as to whether it is the sole primary with the gauntlets secondary or one of a group of four co-equal charges. When redrawing, please advise the submitter to either draw the four charges approximately the same size or to make the mullet clearly the primary charge.

LOCHAC

Eirikr Þorolfsson. Name.

Aural conflict with Eric Thoralfsson, registered October 1994. Most people would pronounce these names identically.

His armory has been registered under the holding name Eirikr of Ynys Fawr.

MERIDIES

None.

MIDDLE

Middle, Kingdom of the. Badge. Gules, two flanged maces in saltire Or.

This badge conflicts with Magnus Ragnarsson, Gules, two flanged maces in saltire Or surmounted by a sword inverted proper. There is only one CD for the addition of the sword.

NORTHSHIELD

Gabriel Ximenez de Malaga. Badge. (Fieldless) A wolf courant to sinister argent.

This badge conflicts with Runolfr Audsson, Per chevron sable and gules, papelonné argent, in chief a wolf courant to sinister argent. There is one CD for fieldessness. There is no difference for location of the charge on the field versus a fieldless badge.

There is also a conflict with with Lynn of Dragonsmark, Quarterly vert and gules, a wolf passant contourny ululant argent. There is again the CD for fieldlessness, but there is no CD for the head position and per precedent, "[T]here is no posture difference between courant and passant"[Charlotte Cartier, 02/02, R-Ansteorra].

Northshield, Principality of. Order name Award of the Cygnus.

Aural conflict with Order of the Cygnet registered to Meridies in September 1995. The only difference in sound is the ending sound in an unstressed syllable.

Northshield, Principality of. Award name Award of the Griffins Sword.

By precedent, Order names using the pattern "beast/monster's+attribute" must use an attribute normally associated with that beast or monster:

Order of the Griffin's Flame- A flame is not an attribute associated with a griffin, therefore we need to see evidence that Griffin's Flame is a reasonable name for an order(January 2000)

A sword is not an attribute normally associated with a griffin.

Northshield, Principality of. Award name Award of the Norðband.

The word Norðband is not a reasonable construction. Although the definition of band in Zoega, A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic is shown as bond, confederacy, it is not clear whether this refers to a group of people or to the contract that establishes the bond. The word bandmaðr, "confederate, bondman" strongly suggests that the latter definition is the correct one. In this case, the name simply does not make sense. For this name to be registerable, documentation of band in Old Norse unambiguously describing a group of people is needed.

Northshield, Principality of. Order name Iron Griffin Legion.

This does not follow a pattern found in period Order names. While there Project Ordenamen article presents the interpretation [color][item] as a pattern for period Order names, there are alternative interpretations. One is [color used in heraldry][heraldic charge]. We believe this better describes the Order names of this pattern.. The colors found in period order names, yellow, blue, green, white, and gold are all heraldic tinctures. The color/metal silver, which is SCA-compatible, also follows this pattern. Although iron is found as a color in the gray area, it is not found as a heraldic tincture

Northshield, Principality of. Order name Order of the Aquila.

Aural conflict with Aquilon, Shire of, registered April 1991. The only difference is the final sound.

Northshield, Principality of. Award name Award of the Balefire.

This does not follow the pattern of period Order names. On the LoI, a balefire is described as a heraldic charge. However, no documentation was submitted that a charge known as a balefire was known and used in period or in modern heraldry. Furthermore, RFS VII.3. Period Artifacts. says, "Artifacts that were known in the period and domain of the Society may be registered in armory, provided they are depicted in their period forms." From the definition provided of a balefire, it is unclear what could make this charge uniquely identifiable as a heraldic charge distinct from a fire or flame. Barring such unique identifiability, balefire is not registerable as part of an Order name.

OUTLANDS

Angharat verch Ioreword. Device. Per chevron sable and argent, three roses Or and a gryphon segreant sable.

The device is returned for redrawing. The per chevron division is both unacceptably enhanced and far too shallow. Please advise the submitter to redraw it as a standard per chevron field division.

Cameron de Blakstan. Name.

The name Cameron is the submitter's legal middle name. Precedent says that, when a middle name is submitted under the legal name allowance, it is treated by type:

DeWayne is the submitter's middle name, not his given name. A Middle name is treated by type: if it is structurally a given name it can be used as a given name, but if it is structurally a surname it can only be used as a surname. DeWayne is structurally a surname so cannot be used as a given name. [DeWayne of Locks, 10/99 <http://sca.org/heraldry/loar/1999/10/lar.html>, R-Calontir]

Cameron, although occasionally used in the 20th century as a given name, is a surname by type. Therefore, it cannot be used as a given name unless it is the submitter's given name.

His armory has been registered under the holding name Kerry of Windkeep.

Gwentliana filia Iohannes. Device. Sable, a bend sinister gules fimbriated between a natural dolphin contourny and a bear's pawprint Or charged on the pad with a cat's pawprint gules.

This device has two problems, each of which is cause for return.

Past precedent has ruled that pawprints are a step from period practice and that "natural dolphins, Bengal tigers, and garden roses are all still discouraged charges as they were not found in heraldry and have period counterparts" (Cover Letter, November 1999). As a result, this device must be considered two steps from period practice and returned.

In addition, the device also uses two types of pawprints, a practice that has been ruled unacceptable: "The badge has the problem of using two different types of the same charge (pawprints) which has been disallowed for some time" [LoAR 12/90, p. 17].

Halla in heppna Kn{o,}rsdóttir. Device. Argent, a serpent nowed in a Savoy knot purpure.

This device was withdrawn by the submitter.

Halla in heppna Kn{o,}rsdóttir. Badge. (Fieldless) A serpent nowed in a Savoy knot purpure.

This badge was withdrawn by the submitter.

Iohannes Kynith. Device. Sable, a bend gules fimbriated between a sun and three wolves' teeth issuant from dexter base Or.

This device conflicts with Michael Crookfinger of Blackpool, Sable, a bend gules fimbriated between a lantern Or, candled argent and enflamed proper, and three mallets Or. There is only one CD for changing the type of all the secondary charges.

In addition, there is a serious style problem with the use of wolves' teeth in this design. As recent precedent indicates, "The examples of wolf's teeth in the Pictorial Dictionary and in Siebmacher show that the teeth invariably extend almost to the center line; where teeth come from both sides they almost touch. Those on this submission do not come close. This is in itself grounds for return" [Dubhagán mac Ruairc, 5/04, R-Meridies]. Because of the nature of this charge, it is unsuitable for use in a design that prevents the wolves' teeth from being drawn correctly.

Magnus Lawhammer. Name.

No documentation was submitted and none found suggesting that a byname combining the words laga and hamarr follows patterns for constructing Old Norse bynames. Descriptive bynames in Old Norse that involve physical objects tend to be fairly straightforward descriptions of those objects; examples include vegghamarr 'wedge-hammer, mallet' and járnsaxa 'iron-knife'. No examples were given of concepts such as "law" being combined with tne names of everyday objects, such as "hammer" to form descriptive bynames in Old Norse. The name was submitted as a lingua anglica translation of an Old Norse byname; however, as no such byname exists or can be constructed, the translation is, likewise, unregisterable. The submitter indicated he wished a byname meaning "strong upholder of the law." In this case, we suggest Magnus lögmaðr; the submitter documentation shows lögmaðr as an Old Norse word meaning 'lawman.'

Simon Montgumery. Badge. Gules, a compass rose and in base the capital letter 'S' argent.

This device conflicts with Alexandre sur la Mer, Azure, a compass rose argent. There is only one CD for changing the field tincture. While research suggests that period compass roses either did not indicate the cardinal directions or used their full Latin names, the addition of the relatively small "S" at the south point of the compass rose gives the overwhelming visual impression to the modern eye of a compass rose with a letter indicating the direction south. Therefore, there is no significant difference between this combination of compass rose and secondary "S" and a plain compass rose.

WEST

Jeffery of Jarrow. Device. Per chevron gules and azure.

Unfortunately, this lovely armory conflicts with Geoffrey FitzDavid, Per chevron gules and chevronelly Or and sable. While RfS X.4.a.ii.c says that "independent changes to the tincture, direction of partition lines, style of partition lines, or number of pieces in the partition may be counted separately when comparing two pieces of field-primary armory," changing the bottom half of the device from chevronelly Or and sable to azure really cannot be considered two independent changes.

There are also conflicts with Alfonso Henriques de Montoya, Per chevron azure and Or, and Tanczos Istvan, Per chevron potent and gules. In each case, only half of the field tincture is changed. As precedent states:

[Per saltire gules and azure] Conflict with ... Per saltire Or and gules. The only possible rule that could make these clear is RfS X.4.a.ii.b, Complete Change of Tincture (part of the Field-Primary Armory rules); however, that rule states If the fields of two pieces of field-primary armory have no tinctures in common, they are considered completely different and do not conflict, irrespective of any other similarities between them. While each portion of the field has changed tincture, one cannot say that they do not have a tincture in common. [Iohanna Carracci, 11/00, R-Middle].

- Explicit littera renuntiationum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN PENDED UNTIL THE August 2005 LAUREL MEETING (OR AS NOTED):

AN TIR

Ása Starradóttir. Device. Argent, a reindeer salient contourny sable and on a chief gules three coronets argent.

Blazoned on the Letter of Intent as Argent, a reindeer salient contourny and on a chief gules three coronets argent, the reindeer was clearly sable on the color emblazon. We have pended this device to allow the College to research potential conflicts using the correct tinctures.

The submitter was made a countess in January 2001 and a duchess in July 2004 and so is entitled to use a coronet in her armory.

Katerine Martel. Badge. (Fieldless) On a mullet of nine points argent, in pale a crescent azure and a pawprint vert.

Blazoned on the Letter of Intent as (Fieldless) On a mullet of nine points a crescent azure and a paw print vert, the tincture of the mullet was omitted. We have pended this device to allow the College to research potential conflicts using the correct tinctures.

ATENVELDT

Svanhild bogsveigira færeyjaska. Device. Per saltire azure and vert, on a swan naiant contourny reguardant argent, an arrow fesswise reversed vert maintained in the swan's beak, an orle argent.

Blazoned on the Letter of Intent as Per saltire azure and vert, a swan naiant contourny respectant, bearing in its beak against its body an arrow reversed vert, and an orle argent, the swan's tincture was omitted from the blazon. We have pended this device to allow the College to research potential conflicts using the correct tinctures.

MERIDIES

Jocosa d' Auxerre. Device. Azure, two stalks of wheat in saltire Or and on a chief embattled argent two acorns proper.

Blazoned on the Letter of Intent as Azure, two stalks of wheat in saltire proper, on a chief embattled Or two acorns proper, the chief was clearly argent on the color emblazon. We have pended this device to allow the College to research potential conflicts using the correct tinctures.

NORTHSHIELD

Northshield, Principality of. Award name Award of Bellerophon.

By precedent, Order names formed from names of characters from ancient myth are registerable:

[Order of Perseus] Unlike the cases of Compaignie Mercurie (returned Oct 92) and House Sirius (returned Oct 91), the use of a constellation name here neither infringes on an important location, nor appears to be a claim to extraterrestriality. On the first point, a constellation is not a place; it's a pattern of lights. On the second point, most constellations were named either for artifacts or after characters from ancient myth --- which, during the Renaissance, were also the source for Order names. Given the recent registration of the Order of the Pisces (LoAR of June 92), this is acceptable. (Order of Perseus (Barony of Carolingia), June, 1993, pg. 7)

However, a recent search for such Renaissance Order names has turned up no examples. . Exactly what patterns period Order names follow has been a hot topic of late. This month's Cover Letter opens a discussion of which patterns are used to form period Order names, how the patterns should be interpreted, and what sorts of names follow these patterns. As names of characters from ancient myth must, necessarily, be part of this discussion of Order names, we are pending this name until August, 2005. For more information, see this month's Cover Letter.

Northshield, Principality of. Order name Order of Tyr and badge. (Fieldless) On a hand fesswise sable a Týr rune argent.

Conflict with the registered name, An Tir, Kingdom of. The designator and the article, An are transparent for purposes of conflict. The descriptive element is identical in sound and nearly identical in appearance. It is also in conflict with the historical city of Tyre, which was a major Phoenician seaport from 2000 BC through the Roman period. The town was well known in period through the frequent mentions of it in the Bible; it was also one of the principal cities of the crusaider kingdom of Jerusalem..While an Order name cannot conflict with a personal name, it can conflict with any category of non-personal name, such as a place name,a household name, a heraldic title, or another award/order name.

We note that Tyr is also the origianl Germanic god of war, precursor to the Norse Odin. This month's Cover Letter opens a discussion of which patterns are used to form period Order names, how the patterns should be interpreted, and what sorts of names follow these patterns. Names of non-Christian gods and holy relics must, necessarily, be part of this discussion of Order names. As the matter is current under discussion,, we cannot say whether names following this pattern will be registerable in the future.

Northshield, Principality of. Order name Order of Bridgets Flame and badge. (Fieldless) A torch argent enflamed proper.

This Order names uses a saint's name Bridget without the modifier Saint with an object that is often shown as an aspect of the Goddess Brigit or Breganti. Such names have not yet been considered. It's arguable that, if Order names patterns show "Order of holy name" and "Order of holy relic", some form of this Order name is consistent with period practice. It is equally arguable that if Order name patters show "Order of Christian holy name", that such names are either not registerable, or are one step from period practice. Exactly what patterns period Order names follow has been a hot topic of late. This month's Cover Letter opens a discussion of which patterns are used to form period Order names, how the patterns should be interpreted, and what sorts of names follow these patterns. As names of non-Christian Gods and holy relics must, necessarily, be part of this discussion of Order names, we are pending this name until August, 2005. For more information, see this month's Cover Letter.

- Explicit -