THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN REGISTERED:
ÆTHELMEARC
Alric of the Mists. Device. Per bend sinister purpure and sable, a wyvern sejant within a bordure embattled Or. 
This is clear of Tristan of Longford, Azure, scaly argent, a dragon segreant a bordure embattled Or. There is a CD for changes to the field. Precedent states "[a wyvern statant vs. a dragon segreant] There is a CD ... for the change in posture of the primary charge. [Giles fitz Alan, 04/01, A-Middle]". In like manner, there's a CD for the change in posture between a wyvern sejant and a dragon segreant: in both cases, the wyvern has both its feet -- indeed, all its feet -- on the ground, thereby distinguishing it from a segreant/rampant monster with a minimum of two feet in the air. 
Chière la clergesse. Name and device. Argent, on a chevron cotised sable three crosses clechy argent. 
Submitted as Chiére une Clergesse, the documentation showed the byname in all lowercase. This is typical of both 13th C descriptive bynames and occupational terms found in Colm Dubh's "Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Paris Census." Colm Dubh has said that that he added the un and une notes to indicate gender; the original source, Hercule Geraud, Paris sous Philippe-le-Bel: d'aprés des documents originaux et notamment d'aprés un manuscript contenant Le Rôle de la taille imposée sur les habitants de Paris en 1292, has this feminine occupational term as la clergesse. We have changed the name to Chière la clergesse to match the documentation.
Nice armory! This was considered at the Known World Heraldic and Scribal Symposium (KWHSS). The consensus of the heralds present was that this was simple and elegant.
Coed du, Shire of. Branch name and device. Argent, a tree blasted and eradicated sable within a laurel wreath vert and on a chief sable three mullets argent. 
Submitted as Coeddu, Shire of, in Welsh, the consonant combination dd indicates a different pronunciation than Coed du (black wood). We have changed the name to Coed_du to preserve the desired meaning/pronunciation.
This name was documented from an article in the Medieval Names Archive (MNA). No photocopies were included with this submission. We remind submissions heralds that the MNA is not on the No-Photocopy List, Administrative Handbook, Appendix H. The failure to include photocopies of items not found on this list can be reason for return. In this case, the documentation was confirmed independently so we were able to register this.
George Anne. Badge. (Fieldless) A frog tergiant inverted argent. 
Keran Roslin. Badge (see RETURNS for other badge). Argent, a heart gules within a bordure invected azure. 
Thorin bjarnkarl. Device. Or, a bear rampant maintaining a mace bendwise sinister and on a chief gules three edelweiss blossoms argent. 
AN TIR
Aléxandros Khristodoulópoulos. Name. 
Derian le Breton. Name and device. Vert, a sun in its glory argent and a chief ermine. 
This is clear of Katherine Fitzwalter, Vert, an escarbuncle argent, a chief ermine. There is a substantial (X.2) difference between a sun and an escarbuncle.
Evrard de Valogne. Name and device. Argent, on a pale between two pheons azure an arrow inverted headed of a fleur-de-lis Or. 
Gareth Bythewere. Name. 
Submitted as Gareth Bydawere, the byname was a constructed placename. The spelling Byda- was documented only from a header spelling. However, all period examples of this prepositional protheme we have found show bythe, bithe, bethe or, in one example, bi ye. We have changed the name to Gareth Bythewere to make it consistent with period examples. 
The submitter requested a name authentic to 13th C Welsh. However, we have no examples of the given name in Wales, nor is it found before the 16th C in England. Also, the byname is constructed from Middle English elements. Therefore, we are unable to fulfill the submitter's request for authenticity.
Giuliana Maria di Grazia. Name and device (see RETURNS for badge). Per bend sinister sable and azure, on a bend sinister cotised argent three step-cut gemstones palewise azure. 
Kolbj{o,}rn gylðir. Name and device. Or, a bear rampant to sinister and in chief two bear pawprints sable. 
Kvígr Ívarsson. Name and device. Gules, two piles inverted in point throughout Or between two chalices and a bull's head caboshed argent. 
Linet Grímólfsdóttir. Name and device. Per fess argent and vert, a hurst of pine trees vert trunks Or issuant from the line of division, and on a chief sable a roundel between an increscent and a decrescent argent. 
This name mixes English and Old Norse; this is one step from period practice.
The motif a roundel between an increscent and a decrescent has previously been ruled registerable but one step from period practice.
Malachi Lloegr. Name and device. Per bend sinister ermine and sable, a tree blasted and eradicated counterchanged. 
Renata of Silverhart. Name and device. Argent, a bull passant azure within a bordure sable. 

ANSTEORRA
Ansteorra, Kingdom of. Order name change from Golden Lance, Order of to Golden Lance of Ansteorra, Order of. 
Cassandra de Scardeburgh. Device. Azure, two sea-unicorns combattant argent, a chief nebuly ermine. 
Enoch Crandall mac Cranon. Device change. Per pale gules and azure, a crane's head couped argent. 
The submitter has permission to conflict with Ealasaid nic Chlurain, (Fieldless) A swan's head erased at the shoulders proper, maintaining a rose gules, barbed, slipped and leaved vert.
His previous device, Per pale gules and azure, a crane's head couped and on a chief embattled argent, a broadarrow gules, is released.
Garwulf Nightsbane. Transfer of device to Nicolai Nightsbane. Sable, a wolf's head, couped and sinister facing, between three hammers inverted argent. 
Juliane Rose de Harcourt. Name. 
Margery Tailor. Device. Purpure, on a pale endorsed between four lozenges argent an oak tree couped vert. 
Please advise the submitter that the lozenges should be drawn larger.
Nicolai Nightsbane. Name and acceptance of transfer of device from Garwulf Nightsbane. Sable, a wolf's head, couped and sinister facing, between three hammers inverted argent. 
The byname Nightsbane is grandfathered to the submitter, who is the stepson of Garwulf Nightsbane. A signed and witnessed letter from Garwulf notes this relationship.
Süren Ünegen. Name. 
ATENVELDT
Abu Mishal Mika'il ibn 'Isa al-Armani. Name. 
Submitted as Abu Misha Mika'il ibn 'Isa al-Armani, the kunya combines the Arabic marker abu (father) with a modern Armenian name Misha. No documentation was included and none found to suggest that Misha is a period name, nor that Arabic and Armenian could be mixed in a single name phrase. We have changed the name to Abu Mishal Mika'il ibn 'Isa al-Armani in order to register it. Mishal is found as a given name in Dodge, Fihrist of al-Nadim.
Æstridhr Erlendardottir. Name and device. Azure, on a chevron between two decrescents and a wolf's head couped contourny argent five pawprints palewise azure. 
Ameline de Quessenet. Name and device. Purpure, a swan naiant contourny argent, a bordure Or semy-de-lys purpure. 
Nice name!
Angelique Isabeau Péregrin Du Bois. Name and badge. Sable, in pale a skull argent and a peacock feather fesswise reversed Or. 
Annora O Shanan. Name and device. Purpure, a unicorn rampant contourny and a base nebuly argent. 
Submitted as Norah_Shannon, the submitted documentation shows both parts of the name as modern forms. The name Norah is a modern Irish form for Honora; Withycombe dates the spelling Annora to 1316. Woulfe, Irish Names and Surnames s.n. O Seanáin, gives the later period English forms of the name from which Shannon is derived as O Shanan and O Shenane. We have changed the name to Annora O Shanan in order to register it.
Atenveldt, Kingdom of. Badge. (Fieldless) Two oak leaves in chevron inverted conjoined at the stems argent. 
Atenveldt, Kingdom of. Badge. Per pale argent and azure, in pale a sun in his splendor and two spears in saltire Or. 
Basilia Kalamane. Name and device. Gules, three bendlets enhanced Or crusilly palewise gules and a cross crosslet Or. 
Beatrix Losier. Name. 
Submitted as Beatrix de Losier, the submitter accepted major changes but not minor changes. No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that Losier is a locative. In fact, Larousse Nouveau Dictionnaire étymologique suggests osier, also found as ossier, is a willow-strip used for weaving baskets. Hence, l'osier would be a reasonable term for a weaver or seller of willow baskets. We have dropped the preposition and registered the name as Beatrix_Losier.
Bertrand de Lacy. Badge (see RETURNS for household name House del Essé). (Fieldless) A Lacy knot Or within and conjoined to a mascle of two arrows inverted and two arrows, points and nocks crossed vert. 
Brógán mac Conlacha. Name. 
There was some question whether mac Conlacha was a period spelling of this name. It seems likely that it is. Woulfe, Irish Names and Surnames s.n. Mac Conlacha, cites two late period Anglicized spellings and derives the name from Cu-locha, a rare name meaning "hound of the lake." The name Cú Lacha is found in 1027 in the Annals of Tigernach. 
Cadan of Mons Tonitrus. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Quarterly argent and azure, in bend two Cornish choughs proper. 
Nice device!
Submitted under the name Cadan a Porthia.
Cadan of Mons Tonitrus. Badge. (Fieldless) In pale a Cornish chough proper perched upon a set of scales Or. 
Caroline Marie de Fontenailles and Elsbeth von Sonnenthal. Joint badge (see RETURNS for household name Domus Mons Solaris). Per chevron azure and gules, a demi-sun issuant from the line of division Or and a bordure ermine. 
The ermine spots in this submission are drawn such that the ermine spots follow the line of the bordure, that is, the tail of one ermine spot is followed by the head of the next ermine spot. Please advise the submitter that the ermine spots should be drawn palewise. On an escutcheon, tilting the ermine spots near the basemost point is also period style. It should be noted that this depiction of an ermine bordure is simply blazoned as a bordure ermine. It is not blazonably distinct from a standard ermine bordure, and certainly does not receive a CD from such a bordure.
Charles Veitch. Name (see RETURNS for device). 
Clara Luisa da Livorno. Device. Per bend sinister checky vert and Or and Or, a bend sinister gules and in base an ivy vine bendwise sinister vert. 
Dagr inn skyggni. Name and device. Per bend sinister azure and sable, a sun Or eclipsed sable and a orle Or. 
Daniel da Forio. Name and device. Argent, a pale of three lozenges between two horses rampant addorsed azure. 
Submitted as Daniel de Foria, the byname was documented as a modern street name in Naples. However, no documentation was submitted and none found to demonstrate that Italian bynames were formed from street names in period or that Foria is a period word. However, there does appear to be region in Napoli called Forio. A translation of parts of "Comune de Forio" (http://www.comune.forio.na.it/sito/storia.shtml) reveals "Normen, Svevi, Angioini, Aragonesi and Spanishes impoverished the island and the fertile plain of Forio" and "The same Jasolino, eminent Calabrian and large doctor connoisseur of Forio, in 1550", strongly suggests that the place was in existence for several hundred years during our period. We have changed the name to Daniel da Forio in order to register it.
Domnall mac Faíltigeirn. Name (see RETURNS for device). 
Submitted as Domnall mac Faíltigern, the patronymic was in the nominative case rather than the required genitive case. We have changed the name to Domnall mac Faíltigeirn to correct the grammar.
Fiona inghean Dubhghaill mhic Néill. Name and device. Per bend sable and azure, a plate and overall an eagle displayed Or. 
Fiona is SCA-compatible.
The device is at the very edge of acceptability. An overall charge is required to have good contrast with the field, which this does. However, the combination of a roundel and a displayed bird means that the majority of the overall charge is metal on metal, making identification of the overall charge difficult. Since the wings can be identified, and since a displayed bird is generally assumed to be an eagle, we are registering this.
Ima of Granholme. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Or, a frog sejant affronty vert atop a mount and a label dovetailed throughout sable. 
Submitted under the name Ima Hardcocc.
Iohann der Fuchs. Name and device. Per chevron dovetailed Or and vert, in base two foxes in pale passant contourny argent. 
Jac of Liskeard. Name and device. Argent, a bend sinister sable between a heart gules and a drawstring bag vert. 
Johann von Salzbrunn. Name and device. Per fess vert and Or, in fess three lozenges counterchanged. 
Submitted as Johann von Salzbrunnen, Salzbrunnen is the adjectival form of the town name Salzbrunn. The adjectival ending is not appropriate with the preposition von. We have changed the name to Johann von Salzbrunn to correct the grammar.
Nice armory!
Johnny Rooke. Name. 
Joseph Canciller. Name and device. Per pale purpure and vert, on a pale Or a whelk sable. 
Submitted as Joseph Cancilla, no documentation was provided and none found to suggest that the surname Cancilla was found in period. The submitter noted the Spanish word Canciller "chancellor". According to Siren, CORDE (Corpus Diacrónico del Español ) gives "1579: Lope de Vega, canciller mayor del rey de Navarra" and "en la casa de Pierres Doriole canciller de Francia". According to Siren these translate to "1579: Lope de Vega, greater chancellor to the king of Navarre" and "in the house of Pierres Doriole, chancellor of France". This source provides four pages of citations for the word. Therefore, we have changed the name to Joseph Canciller in order to register it. As registered, the name mixes English and Spanish; this is one step from period practice. If the submitter is interested in a fully Spanish form of this name, we suggest Jose Canciller.
Katherine Throckmorton and Ivan Kosinski. Joint badge. (Fieldless) A slow match vert, enflamed proper. 
This is clear of John the Dragon Protector, Argent, an annulet vert, enflamed without proper. There is one CD for fieldlessness and another for removing the surrounding flames. Normally enflaming a charge is not worth a CD; however, the enflaming of John's annulet is not the little bits of issuant flame that one might expect, but a solid ring of flame at least as wide as the annulet itself.
Lisbetta Bartholomea Zanca. Name and device. Per pale gules and purpure, a handbasket and a base Or. 
Submitted as Lisabetta Bartholomea di Zanco, no documentation was found showing that Zanco is a given name appropriate for use in a patronymic. Instead, it is a descriptive byname meaning "left-handed." In Italian, descriptive bynames agree in gender with the given name. We have changed the name to Lisabetta Bartholomea_Zanca to correct the grammar.
Lucian le Wolfe. Name and device. Per pale argent and sable, a dragon and a wolf combattant, in chief a crescent, all counterchanged gules and argent. 
The device raised questions about marshalling. RfS XI.3 states: "Armory that appears to marshall independent arms is considered presumptuous." Without the crescent, this would be returned for the appearance of impalement, which is the display of two coats, side by side, on a single shield to show marital affiliation or tenure in an office.
Armory can avoid the appearance of marshalling by adding "charges overall that were not used for marshalling in period heraldry" (RfS XI.3.a). In period, a crescent may be added to some kinds of marshalled coats of arms as a mark of cadency: an individual who bore quartered arms as his personal arms might have a child who bore the quartered arms with a crescent. The child's arms would still be marshalled. Thus, adding a standard mark of cadency will not remove the appearance of marshalling from quartered arms.
However, impaled arms show marriage or tenure in an office. In period, a second generation would not generally inherit the impaled arms in that form. The component arms of two married people might be inherited in a quartered form by a child, but would not be inherited in an impaled form. In most cases, adding a standard mark of cadency to impaled arms will remove the appearance of marshalling, as the crescent does in this instance.
Please note that this ruling, concerning a crescent, does not affect previous precedents on the special case of bordures, such as Pegge Leg the Merchant, 03/02, A-An Tir.
Lughaidh Cruitire. Badge. (Fieldless) On a glove within and conjoined to an annulet Or a mullet vert. 
Matthew de Lacy. Name and device. Per bend sinister Or and vert, a Lacy knot counterchanged, a bordure argent crusilly formy sable. 
Michael Geoffrey fitz William. Badge. (Fieldless) An urchin within and conjoined to an annulet Or. 
Myfanwy Dolwyddelan. Name change from holding name Therese of Mons Tonitrus. 
Nicolas de Navarre. Device. Quarterly azure and vert, a sword bendwise Or surmounted by a quill pen bendwise sinister argent. 
When two charges are in saltire, the one blazoned first is the one bendwise. The submitter had originally included a motto, translating to "the pen is mightier than the sword", with his submission. Given this we have elected to use the longer form of the blazon, explicitly blazoning the orientation of the charges rather than simply blazoning them as in saltire, to ensure the supremacy of the pen over the sword.
Onóra inghean Ríoghbhardáin. Name and device. Per pale purpure and sable, in pale two pairs of wings conjoined in lure argent. 
Quinto Formaggio. Name and device. Azure, the Roman numeral V and a bordure Or. 
Period forms of Roman numerals did not use the horizontal lines above and below the number as this emblazon does; however, the majority of the Roman numerals registered within the Society do use these lines. Roman numerals are registerable with or without the horizontal lines; their presence or absence is neither blazonable nor worth a difference.
Quinto Formaggio. Badge. (Fieldless) A wedge of Emmental cheese Or. 
This is clear of Michael Houlihan, Vert, a wedge of Emmental cheese reversed Or, with a CD for fieldlessness and another for the orientation of the cheese. Quinto's cheese is in the default orientation with the point of the wedge facing to dexter. 
Rebekah Anna of Wynterbourne. Name and device. Vert, a bend Or between a cloud and a dog sejant erect contourny argent. 
Roger Mighel de Ryes. Badge. Azure, a prickspur within a bordure rayonny Or. 
Research this month found that the Society has been inconsistent in defining the default orientation for prickspurs. Prickspurs are a variant of spurs; no difference is granted between these two charges. The default orientation of prickspurs is thus defined to be the same as spurs, palewise with the rowel or point to chief. When fesswise, the rowel or point is to dexter. In both cases, the presence or absence of strapping is an artistic detail that need not be blazoned. In this case, the prickspur is in its default orientation: palewise with the point to chief.
Rosa Maria di Calabria. Name (see RETURNS for device). 
Sarah Thorarinsdottir. Device. Per pale gules and sable, a valknut and a bordure Or. 
Séadna Mey of Caithness. Name and device. Azure semy of hawk's bells Or, a hawk's head affronty issuant from base argent. 
This name combines Gaelic and Scots; this is one step from period practice. We note that, although the submitter is female, Séadna is a masculine name. The submitter indicated that she was interested in a feminine name. However, we know of no feminine equivalent of this given name, nor did we find any similar sounding feminine given names. Therefore, we are unable to fulfill the submitter's preferences. 
More internal detailing of the hawk's head would help with the identifiablity of the charge. As submitted, this is marginally acceptable.
Sean Ladds. Name and device. Per pale Or and gules, two bears combattant counterchanged and on a chief sable a bear's pawprint argent. 
Submitted as Sean the Ladds, the period byname Ladd originally meant "a servant or man of low birth". Therefore, the plural Ladds is not appropriate when used as a literal nickname. However, it is fine in the form of an inherited byname; in this case Ladds is interpreted as meaning "son of the servant." We have dropped the article to correct the grammar.
Seonaid inghean Eoin. Name and device. Per chevron vert and Or, a horse courant argent and a holly leaf inverted azure. 
Silvia la Cherubica di Viso. Device change. Quarterly azure and argent, a cross invected counterchanged between in bend two sheaves of arrows Or and in bend sinister two fleurs-de-lys gules. 
Under the current interpretation of the rules, this particular cross does not remove the appearance of marshalling, which would normally be grounds for return. However, RfS VII.8, known as the "grandfather clause", states "Once an armorial element has been registered to an individual or group, the College of Arms may permit that particular individual or group to register that element again, even if it is no longer permissible under the rules in effect at the time the later submission is made." This field and arrangement of charges is grandfathered to the submitter, as the only difference between her currently registered device and this one is the replacement of cherub's faces with sheaves of arrows.
Her current device, Quarterly azure and argent, a cross invected counterchanged between in bend two blonde cherub's faces proper, winged argent, and in bend sinister two fleurs-de-lys gules, is retained as a badge.
Siobhan of Cork. Name and device. Per bend sinister vert and Or, a harp reversed and a trefoil, a bordure counterchanged. 
This name combines Gaelic and English; this is one step from period practice. The LoI stated that Siobhan was an Anglicization of Siobhán. This is incorrect; both Siobhan and Siobhán are valid Gaelic spellings. If the submitter is interested in a fully Anglicized form of this name, we suggest Joan of Cork.
Slaine inghean Sheain. Name and device. Purpure, a chevron inverted argent voided gules, in chief a bee rising contourny Or banded sable. 
Submitted as Sláine inghean Seain, Irish grammar requires that the patronymic be lenited. In addition, accents in Irish names must be either used or dropped consistently. We have changed the name to Slaine inghean Sheain to correct the grammar and spelling.
Stórvarr örvarsmiðr. Name and device. Argent, a sheaf of arrows inverted vert, on a chief invected azure, three drakkars argent. 
Please inform the submitter that a chief invected should have five to eight invects, not the three shown in this emblazon.
Thomas ap Thomas. Reblazon of device. Argent, a gurges azure, overall a dragon passant gules maintaining in the dexter forepaw an axe vert. 
Originally blazoned as Gurges azure and argent, a dragon passant gules grasping in the dexter forepaw an axe vert, a gurges is a charge not a field division. See the Cover Letter for a discussion on gurges.
Umm al-Ghazala Jami'a bint Kamil al-Armani. Name. 
Submitted as Umm al-Ghazala Jami'a bint K'ami al-Armani, the patronymic mixes Arabic and Armenian. This is a violation of RfS III.1.a, which says "Each phrase must be grammatically correct according to the usage of a single language." Also, K'ami was presented as an Armenian given name, but no documentation was submitted and none found by the commenters to suggest that the word K'ami was ever used as a name in Armenian, or that it follows a pattern found in Armenian given names. However, there is a similar sounding Arabic name, Kamil. We have changed the name to Umm al-Ghazala Jami'a bint Kamil al-Armani in order to register it.
Varsonofii syn Zakhar'iashev Olyechnov. Name and device. Sable, three spiders inverted and a bordure engrailed argent. 
Submitted as Varsonofii syn Zakhar'iash Olyechno, the grammar of the compound patronymic is incorrect. Patronymic elements in Russian must be in the genitive case. We have changed the name to Varsonofii syn Zakhar'iashev Olyechnov in order to correct the grammar.
Wolf von Frankfurt. Name and device. Per bend sinister azure and sable, a caravel and a flamberge bendwise sinister argent. 
Submitted as Wolf von Frankfurt am Main, no documentation was submitted and none found for the use of full compound placenames as locative bynames in German naming practice. Barring such documentation, full compound placenames are not registerable as locative bynames in German. We have changed the name to Wolf von Frankfurt in order to register it.
Yamoto Yukitora Yoshi. Name. 
ATLANTIA
Abhainn Iarthair, Canton of. Branch name. 
Submitted as Abhainn an Iar, Canton of, the intended meaning of this branch name was "West River." However, the name does not follow grammatical patterns found in Gaelic placenames containing directional adjectives. When directional adjectives are found in Gaelic placenames in period, they always appear in the genitive case. The Annals of the Four Masters, entry 864.6 tells of a Cernachan, mac Cumascaigh, tighearna Rátha h-Airthir (Cernachan mac Cumascaigh, lord of Rath Airthir). Annala Rioghachta Eireann: Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland by the Four Masters from the Earliest period to the Year 1616, John O'Donovan, translator, glosses Rath Airthir as "Eastern Fortress." Entry 620.7 of this annal lists Cluana h-Airthir, "of the Eastern Meadow."  The Four Masters also include Cluain tuaisceirt, "North (or Northern) Meadow" and Iarthair Midhe, "the Western Mead" or Westmeath. In all these examples, the direction is in the genitive case. However, in this submission the direction Iar is in the nominative case. We have changed this name to Abhainn_Iarthair to follow the grammar found for such names in Gaelic.
Albina Gherardi. Name. 
Alexandre of Kapellenberg. Device. Sable, a triskelion arrondy within a mascle argent. 
This is not a conflict with Tachibana Hikaru, Sable, a quatrefoil within a mascle argent. The charge in the center, not the mascle, is the primary charge. There is a substantial (X.2) difference between a quatrefoil and a triskelion.
Bohemond Guiscard. Reblazon of device. Sable, a sunburst Or clouded argent and in chief three prickspurs fesswise argent. 
Originally blazoned as Sable, a sunburst Or clouded argent and in chief three prickspurs reversed argent, prickspurs have the same default orientation as spurs. That is, they default to palewise with the point to chief; when fesswise, the point is to dexter. The prickspurs in this emblazon are fesswise with points to dexter.
Christina de Nedham. Name. 
Corwyn Moray. Name and device. Purpure, three bendlets argent and in base a lion's head cabossed Or. 
The name Corwyn is SCA-compatible.
Dante di Pietro. Device. Azure, a rhinoceros's head couped argent. 
Edward de Clare. Name change from Geoffrey Wynburne and device change. Quarterly vert and Or, four boars statant respectant counterchanged. 
His old name, Geoffrey Wynburne, is released.
The submitter's current device, Vert , a boar rampant maintaining a sheaf of arrows and on a chief argent three towers azure, is released.
Gabriella Caterina della Rosa. Name. 
Gisella C{oe}ur. Name and device. Checky sable and argent, a heart within an orle Or. 
Submitted as Gisella Coeur, the cited documentation, Dauzat, Dictionnaire Etymologique des Noms de Famille et Prenoms de France, shows the byname spelled as C{oe}ur. A search through various French dictionaries (onomastic and otherwise) shows the this word is either spelled with the {oe} ligature, or the vowel is simply rendered as an o. We have changed the spelling to Gisella C{oe}ur to match the documentation.
Guillaume de Bracy. Badge. (Fieldless) A squirrel sejant erect counter-ermine maintaining a caltrop argent within and standing upon a fetterlock Or. 
Halfdan bekkjarbrjótr. Name. 
Nice name!
Hawkwood, Barony of. Order name Award of the Silver Jess. 
Ingeborg Schön. Name. 
Isabelle Jumelle. Name. 
Katla feilan Stefansdottir. Name. 
Submitted as Katla Feilan Stefansdottir, by precedent, Old Norse descriptive bynames can only be registered in all lowercase. We have made this change.
Marco da Verona. Name (see RETURNS for device). 
Marryn Blackgroves. Device. Per pale purpure and sable, a unicorn's head couped argent armed Or within a bordure wavy argent semy of oak leaves sable. 
Nice device!
Melissent d'Artois. Device change. Azure, a mouse sejant erect argent within a bordure wavy erminois. 
Her current device, Per pale azure and vert, a unicorn statant argent and on a chief Or three ermine spots sable, is released.
Raghnall mac Aodha. Name and device. Per pale argent and vert, a chief gules. 
Classic armory!
Rhiannon ui Neill. Badge. (Fieldless) On a hurt indented a natural leopard salient ermine, gorged of a pearled coronet sable. 
The submitter is a court baroness and entitled to use a coronet.
Saethryth Seolforlocc. Name. 
Submitted as Saethryth Silverlock, the submitter requested authenticity for 10th C Anglo-Saxon. The byname Silverlock is a header form; the earliest form of this name we have found used as a byname dates to the 13th C. However, an Old-English form of this name can be constructed. The LoI notes that Hall's Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary s.n. seolfor has seolfor for "silver' while the word for a tress of hair is locc. We have changed the name to Saethryth Seolforlocc to comply with her request for authenticity.
Tegrinus de Rhina. Name. 
Therasia Mellita. Name and device. Gules semy of bees, a beehive Or. 
There was a question of possible conflict with Piers DeGrey, Gules, a beehive and a bordure Or. As the Pictorial Dictionary (s.v. Beehive) notes, if a beehive is beset by bees, this fact should be blazoned. In fact, Piers's armory does not depict any bees. Therefore there is a CD for adding the semy of bees and another for removing the bordure.
Tristan de Brailesford. Name and device. Argent, a pale per pale vert and azure between six pens bendwise sinister sable. 
The submitter requested authenticity for French. The name combines a French given name with an English locative; while this is possible for a French man who owns English territory, it is more likely to be an English name.
Wilhelm Schlagenteufel. Name (see RETURNS for device). 
Yrmegard of Hawkwood. Device. Per fess embattled Or and sable, a unicorn passant Or within a bordure indented counterchanged. 
CAID
Adelasia Borghi D'Ascoli. Name. 
Adelheit Schwarzenkatze. Name (see PENDS for device). 
Anastasia MacEwan de Ravenna and Juliana of Carreg Wen. Household name House of the Red Dragons. 
Some question was raised as to whether an inn sign pattern of color + more than one monster was consistent with sign names found in period. While we have not found this exact pattern, we have found similar patterns in the imprints of 16th C English books. Examples include Greene Dragon and Brazen Serpent, while plurals include Two Lyons, Cats and Parrots, and Three Kings. This name is not inconsistent with these patterns.
Cáelfind ingen Chathassaig. Device. Argent, a chevron azure between two brown snails proper and a wyvern passant vert. 
Caidis, Collegium. Badge change. Azure, a pomegranate slipped and leaved Or, a bordure embattled argent. 
The submitters release the badge currently associated with Collegium Caidis, Argent, a pomegranate slipped and leaved Or, seeded and fimbriated gules, within a bordure azure.
Christel Leake. Name. 
Eirikr Ivarsson. Name and device. Vert, a saltire Or, fretted of a mascle all within a bordure argent. 
This is clear of Cellach inghean ui Dhubhthaigh, Per pale azure and vert, a fret and a bordure argent. There is a CD for changing half the field. The saltire part of the fret is more than half the charge, therefore there is a CD for the changing the tincture from argent to more than half Or.
Morsulus is requested to make sure that this is listed in the Ordinary under Fret as well as Saltire.
Erich der Suchenwirth zum Schwarzenkatze. Name and device. Paly gules and Or, a cat statant erect contourny guardant sable maintaining in its dexter paw a tankard and in its sinister paw a sword bendwise argent. 
Submitted as Erich Schwarzenkatze der Suchenwirth, no documentation was provided and none found for the use of two descriptive bynames in a German name. A combination of a descriptive byname with a locative byname is found occasionally in German names, and is, therefore, registerable. However, barring documentation for the practice, German names containing two descriptive bynames are not registerable. In this case, though Schwarzenkatze, which translates to "black cat", is a reasonable German housename. We have changed the name to  Erich_der Suchenwirth_zum Schwarzenkatze in order to register it.
The cat has both hind legs planted on the ground, though they are separated, and the front legs are separated. This is a valid depiction of a creature rampant or statant erect. As the submitter has chosen to blazon the posture as statant erect, and that is a valid blazon, we are acceding to the submitter's wishes.
Erich der Suchenwirth zum Schwarzenkatze. Household name House of the Black Cat. 
Gwenfrewi ferch Gwillym Rhoslyn. Name change from Gwenfrewi ferch Dafydd Rhoslyn. 
Her old name, Gwenfrewi ferch Dafydd Rhoslyn, is released.
Ian Michael Hudson. Name and device. Azure, a Latin cross Or between in bend a capital letter H and a caduceus argent. 
The given name Ian is the submitter's legal given name. This is one step from period practice. Ian is an SCA compatible Scots name. Ordinarily, we would declare this name two steps from period practice -- one for using an SCA compatible name and a second for using a double given name with a Scots given name. However,when a submitter uses his or her legal given name, the element is generally considered language-neutral in terms of additional steps from period practice. Therefore, for this individual, the name is only one step from period practice.
This device is clear of Timothy Brother, Azure, a tau cross Or. There is a substantial (X.2) difference between a tau cross and a Latin cross. This is clear of Launcelot de Westwood Azure, a cross botonny fitchy Or. There is a CD for adding the secondary charges. There is a second CD for the difference between a Latin cross and a cross bottony. 
While the H is highly stylized, those present at the Known World Heraldic & Scribal Symposium (KWHSS) roadshow were able to identify it. The submitter should be aware that is unlikely that others will draw the H in this exact manner.
We remind the College that the caduceus is no longer a charge restricted to modern medical personnel. 
Ilaria di Fiore. Name. 
Submitted as Ilaria Di Fiore, in period Italian names, the preposition di is written in all lowercase. We have registered this name as Ilaria di Fiore.
Jaida of Altavia. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per saltire vert and Or, in fess a natural dolphin haurient to sinister purpure and a wolf rampant sable. 
A field per saltire should divide the field into approximately four equal portions. In this case the center of the field was lower than it should have been, making the bottommost portion of the field smaller than the other three sections. In the future, the submitter should take care to make the four portions more equal in size. While there was some question as to the identifiability of the wolf, all those questions at the Known World Heraldic & Scribal Symposium (KWHSS) roadshow identified it as a canine of some type. It is thus registerable.
Submitted under the name Jaida Amat Allah bint Khaldun.
Jamie Muir. Name. 
Jolie Delarue. Name and device. Per pale gules and sable, on a pale argent three estoilles sable. 
Jolie is the submitter's legal given name.
Juliana of Carreg Wen. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per fess argent and Or, a dragon passant gules and a thistle proper. 
Submitted under the name Juliana MacLachlan.
Juliana of Carreg Wen. Badge. Per pale Or and sable, a dragon sejant gules sustaining a tilting spear sable within a bordure embattled counterchanged. 
Katerine la Petita d'Avignon. Name. 
As documented, this name mixes English, French, and Occitan. This combination is registerable, and, because the submitter made no request for authenticity, we are not inclined to change it. However, if the submitter is interested in a fully French form of this name, we suggest Catherine le Petit d'Avignon. Catherine appears to be the standard late period French form for this name and is dated to the 16th C by Cateline de la Mor in "16th C Norman Names". The byname le Petit is found used by women in Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Late Period French Feminine Names." If the submitter is interested in a fully Occitan form, we suggest Catharine la Petita d'Avignon. Catharine is found in the same source as la Petita, while Flutre, Table des noms propres avec toutes leurs variantes, figurant dans les romans du Moyen Age écrits en français ou en provençal et actuellement publiés ou analysés s.n. Avignon, shows the spelling Avignon in Occitan literature in the 13th C.
Krista Silverlock. Alternate name Ewe Notte Mée and badge. Gules, a ewe couchant and on a point pointed argent a sprig of forget-me-nots proper. 
Laila Hannesone. Name and device. Sable, on a fess wavy between three annulets and a crab Or two olive branches stems to center sable. 
This name mixes Arabic and English; by precedent, this is one step from period practice.
Lijss van den Kerckhove. Badge. Or, a baroque folded trumpet fesswise reversed purpure and in chief two rosemary sprigs fesswise conjoined at the stem vert. 
This is the defining instance of a baroque folded trumpet. An example is provided at the end of this LoAR.
Lorccán hua Conchobair. Device change. Vert, a plate between two pallets couped Or and a bordure argent. 
His previous device, Per chevron argent and vert, a phoenix and a lantern counterchanged, is released.
Louis de Marseille. Name and device. Purpure, on a bend argent three fleurs-de-lis palewise sable. 
Maolanaithe Ó Conchobhair. Name. 
Originally submitted as Maolanaithe Ó Conchobhair, the name was changed in kingdom to Máel Anfaid Ó Conchobhair. The stated reason was to make the given Early Modern Irish given name consistent with the Middle Irish byname. However, the byname was also an Early Modern Irish form, so changing the given name made the name temporally inconsistent. Therefore, we have changed the name back to the originally submitted, fully Early Modern Irish, form. We note that, although the submitter is female, this is a fully masculine name, which is consistent with the submitter's wishes.
Maridonna Dolce da Perugia. Name and device. Or, three peacock feathers in pile proper, a bordure sable. 
Matthias Raiser. Name. 
Submitted as Matthias Raiser Scheuwenpflug, the name uses two descriptive bynames in a German name. No documentation was provided and none found for the use of two descriptive bynames in a German name. Barring documentation for the practice, German names containing two descriptive bynames are not registerable. We have dropped the second byname, Scheuwenpflug, in order to register the name.
Richard the Wevere. Device. Vert bezanty, in pale a fleam and a pavilion Or. 
Rotheric Kynith. Badge. Argent, on a roundel azure a wolf sejant ululant argent. 
Because this was submitted on the required badge form, some thought that it should be reblazoned as Azure, a wolf sejant and a bordure argent. Elsbeth Laurel ruled:
[Azure, a sun within an orle argent] The device is clear of ... Azure, an estoile of eight rays within an annulet and a bordure all argent. Even though an orle looks like an annulet on a round field, they are nonetheless separate charges: if this were drawn on the standard shield shape the difference would be given automatically and it is unfair to penalize the drawing when it is forced to be circular by administrative requirements. [Taliesin de Morlet, 03/01, R-Caid]
In the same manner Argent, a roundel azure and Azure, a bordure argent are not interchangeable, though they give that appearance when displayed on a round field. We decline to penalize the submitter for using the circular shape specified by our administrative requirements.
Shannon inghean Bhriain uí Dhuilleáin. Name and device. Azure, a dog's head couped contourny between three mullets and on a chief argent three shamrocks vert. 
Shannon is her legal given name.
Sigvaldr Hauksson. Name. 
Steinsee, Stronghold of. Designator change from Steinsee, Canton of. 
Tairdelbach M'Cleri. Name and device. Per bend argent and sable, a yale rampant gules spotted and maintaining a sword Or. 
Submitted as Tairdelbach MacChlery, as submitted the name is two steps from period practice. First, it combines Gaelic and Scots in a single name. Second, it combines a given name from the 11th C with a byname that is a modern header spelling; this means there is a more than 300 year gap between the dates for the spellings of the two names. Black, Surnames of Scotland s.n. MacChlery, dates the spelling M'Cleri to 1376 -- 290 years from the 1086 date for the given name. We have changed the name to Tairdelbach M'Cleri in order to register it.
Tuathal Mac Crimthainn. Name and device. Vert, on a phoenix Or a compass star azure. 
The submitter indicted that he was interested in a name appropriate for 405 A.D. While the name, as submitted, is a lovely Middle Irish name, it is not appropriate for 405 A.D. The form of the language for 405 A.D. is sometimes called Oghamic Irish because it is found written on stones in a script known as Ogham. We have an appropriate Oghamic form for the given name; Totavalas is found in Tangwystl verch Morgant Glasvryn, "Some Masculine Ogham Names." We do not have an Oghamic form of the patronym Crimthann, and therefore, it is not appropriate to mix it with the Oghamic masculine patronymic marker, maqqas. While  the form Totavalas Mac Crimthainn is registerable, although a step from period practice for temporal incompatibility, it is not accurate for 405 A.D., since the name mixes elements from language forms that are not temporally consistent. If the submitter is interested in a name appropriate for 405 A.D, we suggest choosing a patronym with a known Oghamic form.
Vestia Aurelia. Name and device. Or, a strawberry proper and a bordure gules. 
Submitted as Vestia Aurelius, Latin grammar requires that both parts of a feminine name must be in the feminine form. We have changed the name to Vestia Aurelia to correct the grammar.
This is clear of Cei Wiclif of Haewengraes, reblazoned under East as Or, a chili pepper bendwise sinister proper. There is a CD, or significant difference, between a strawberry and a chili pepper. There are additional CDs for adding the bordure and for changing the orientation of the primary charge.
This is also clear of Jean le Reynard, Or, a strawberry [Fragaria Virginianus] pierced by a viol bow bendwise proper. There is a CD for adding the bordure. The viol bow is co-primary, therefore there is a second CD for removing the viol bow.
Vladimir Harrysson. Name. 
This name combines Russian and English; this is one step from period practice.
DRACHENWALD
Guðrøðr of Colanhomm. Device. Quarterly azure and argent, two bars sable. 
Rainer Wulfgar. Name and device. Azure, a chevron ermine between three griffins Or. 
Nice armory!
Rose Chandler. Name. 
EALDORMERE
None.
EAST
Cei Wiclif of Haewengraes. Reblazon of device. Or, a chili pepper bendwise sinister proper. 
Originally blazoned as Or, a capsicum pepper proper, that blazon did not accurately reflect the type of pepper and its orientation.
Diego Mundoz. Device change. Quarterly gules and Or, a bear statant reguardant sable. 
The submitter has permission to conflict with Ursula Georges, Gules, a bear passant sable.
His previous device, Quarterly gules and Or, in pale a brown bear statant reguardant proper between two hunting horns unstrung sable, is released.
Elisabetta Tempesta. Name and device. Azure, three clouds argent. 
The byname was an undated name found in Fucilla. If a name appears undated in Fucilla, we must assume it is modern. Precedent notes:
Lavandoli was documented as a surname meaning 'lavender' from Fucilla (p 85 s.n. Medicinal Plants). The problem with Fucilla is that there are few, if any, dates in this source. So, in most instances, it is not possible to tell simply from reading the entry in Fucilla if the name is period or not. In most cases, the same name may be found in other sources. In other cases, a pattern of similar names may be documented. The College was unable to find evidence of Lavandoli in any source other than Fucilla. So the question becomes whether or not surnames based on medicinal plants may be documented. A number of the names listed under the Medicinal Plants section in Fucilla have alternate derivations. For example, Nardo can also be a diminutive of Bernardo. Some of the names in this section of Fucilla that are not marked as having alternate derivations are Bistorti, Logli, Mentastro, Lavandoli, and Cadoni. None of these are listed in De Felice, Dizionario dei cognomi italiani. If there was a pattern in period of surnames derived from medicinal plants, surely at least one of these names would have been listed in De Felice. Therefore, barring evidence of use of the surname Lavandoli in period, or even a pattern of surnames derived from medicinal plants in period Italian, this name is not registerable. [Anastasia Lavandoli, 12/01, R-Artemisia]
However, Metron Ariston noted the Baroque artist Antonio Tempesta who was born in 1555. Since this name can be supported by independent period citation, it is registerable.
This is clear of Cassandra de la Mistral, Azure, a Boreas (wind) affronty argent. There is a CD for changing the number of primary charges and another for the difference between a heraldic cloud and a Boreas affronty.
A prior return (February 1994) stated:
Damales Redbeard. Household badge for Maison du Cheval Volant. Azure, on a cloud argent, a horseshoe inverted sable.
Conflict with Cassandra de la Mistral (SCA), Azure, a Boreas affronty argent. There is only one CD for the addition of the tertiary, and even that is minimal because it lies where the "face" of Cassandra's Boreas is. Additionally, the cloud here is not drawn in a period manner, but is the modern "cotton candy" form of cloud.
A re-examination of Cassandra's Boreas shows that there is a significant difference, or a CD, between a Boreas affronty and a cloud regardless of whether the cloud is a heraldic cloud or a modern cloud. We are thus explicitly overturning the cited February 1994 precedent.
Erich Hundeman. Name and device. Azure, a hound sejant Or collared gules maintaining in a raised paw a plate and on a chief embattled Or three hurts. 
Please advise the submitter that the embattlements should be larger and deeper.
Hawkes Reache, Canton of. Branch name. 
Originally submitted as Hawk's Reach, the name was changed to Haukes Reche at kingdom to better match the documentation. However, Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames s.n. Hawkwood and Hawkesworth, cite the locative bynames de Hawkwod in 1351 and Hawkesworth in 1395. They list the topographic byname Reache in 1641 (within the grey area), and the OED lists the spelling Reache in 1526. We have changed the name to Hawkes Reache; a form closer to the originally submitted form. We note that placenames of this form are typically found as a single word; if the submitters are interested in a more usual form, we suggest Hawkreache.
Jeremiah MacCoull. Name. 
Màiri ni Raghallaigh. Reblazon of badge. (Fieldless) On a heart gules, a prickspur fesswise reversed Or. 
Originally blazoned as (Fieldless) On a heart gules, a prick-spur Or, prickspurs have the same default orientation as spurs. That is, they default to palewise with the point to chief and when fesswise, the point is to dexter. The prickspur in this emblazon is fesswise with point to sinister.
Maunus Sataielkanpoika. Name. 
Submitted as Maunus Sataielka, no documentation was provided and none found for unmarked patronymics in Finnish. We have marked the patronymic and changed the name to Maunus Sataielkanpoika in order to register it.
Tamara Antoinette. Reblazon of device. Pean, on a bend argent, three coneys sejant erect palewise sable. 
Originally blazoned as Pean, on a bend argent, three coneys sejant erect sable, the orientation of the coneys was not adequately specified.
Úna inghean an Druaidh. Name and device. Purpure, a sun in his splendor argent between three mullets Or. 
Zaneta Angiolieri. Name and device. Per bend paly Or and sable and gules, a bend and in base between the horns of a decrescent a mullet Or. 
Please advise the submitter that the mullet should be significantly larger.
LOCHAC
Arganhell merch Briauc. Name. 
Griffin Westcastle. Name. 
Micheline de Lyon. Name. 
Mikhaila von Dhaun. Name. 
This name mixes Russian and German; this is one step from period practice. Because the submitter is female, please inform her that Mikhaila is not a feminine form of Mikhail. Instead, it is a masculine diminutive of that name.
MERIDIES
des Forges, Canton. Device. Argent, a torch sable enflamed gules within a laurel wreath vert and a bordure embattled azure. 
No petition was received for this device, which is normally grounds for return. This same device was returned on the July 2004 LoAR for redraw. The submitters have addressed the reasons for the previous return. A valid petition was submitted at that time, with an emblazon that matches this submission - in fact, the emblazon appears to be identical. Under the circumstances we are accepting the original petition. Please note that this is unusual and future submitters should be sure to include all necessary paperwork.
Flintmarsh, Shire of. Branch name and device. Argent, in pale a boar's head couped close and a laurel wreath between flaunches sable. 
Please advise the submitters that both the boar's head and the laurel wreath should be drawn larger.
Lochlainn Ó Cléirigh. Device change. Sable, on a cross nowy quadrate gules fimbriated between in chief two phoenixes a demon's head couped argent. 
A cross nowy quadrate is simple enough to fimbriate.
His previous device, Argent, on a cross nowy quadrate sable between in chief two keystones gules a demon's head couped argent, is released.

Lochlainn Ó Cléirigh. Badge. Sable, on a cross nowy quadrate gules fimbriated a phoenix, a bordure embattled argent. 
A cross nowy quadrate is simple enough to fimbriate.
Myfanwy Afrwydd. Name (see RETURNS for device). 
The submitter requested authenticity for Welsh but accepted only minor changes. While this name is composed of Welsh parts, it is unlikely to be an authentic form. First, the given name, Myfanwy, is the standard modern spelling; while we know that some spelling of this name was in used through most of our period, and that the submitted spelling is not inconsistent with late period, we have no actual examples of this particular spelling in period. However, all the period examples we have found significantly change the appearance of the name, so we are unable to change it to one of these spellings. Furthermore, this byname, which means "difficult" or "clumsy", is taken from a dictionary. We have no examples of this word used as a descriptive byname, but we do have examples of other words with similar meanings that are used in this manner. An example is the attested 13th C bynames With, Whith, Wyth, meaning "left-handed, clumsy", found in Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn, "A Simple Guide to Constructing 13th Century Welsh Names." A truly authentic Welsh name would combine one of the documented forms of the given name with an attested descriptive byname.
Rowland Baker. Name. 
Nice name!
MIDDLE
Catteden, Canton of. Branch name and device. Argent, a demi-cat sable issuant from a base azure, in dexter chief a laurel wreath vert. 
Nice name!
Dêmêtrios ho Antiokheús. Name and device. Per pale argent and gules, in chief a pair of wings displayed, tips inverted, counterchanged. 
Dùnchadh mac an Gabhann. Device. Per bend vert and Or, a sheaf of arrows Or and an anvil sable. 
Elizabethe Alles. Name. 
Nice name!
Hróbjartr melrakki. Name (see RETURNS for device). 
This name was submitted as Hróbjartr Melrakki. The submitter documented the given name from Haukur Þorgeirsson, Nafnasafri: Icelandic and Heathen Names, but included no photocopies; this work is not on the no-photocopy list. Fause Lozenge was able to confirm that this spelling is found in that source, but noted that the derivation was unlikely. However, this spelling also appears in Cleasby/Vigfusson, An Icelandic-English Dictionary s.n. Hróðr. Precedent states that descriptive bynames in Old Norse must be in all lower case. Therefore, we have changed the byname to Hróbjartr melrakki in order to register it.
James of Three Towers. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per bend sinister vert and gules, a bend sinister between a unicorn rampant contourny argent and a pithon erect wings displayed Or. 
Submitted under the name Bradwen ap Cadog.
Jargeirr bíldr. Name and device. Per pale sable and argent, a double-bitted axe counterchanged. 
Kriemhilt von Ebersberg. Device. Argent, a bend fusilly sable. 
The mini-emblazon, with six full lozenges and two partial lozenges, does not match the full-size emblazon, with nine lozenges and two partial lozenges. In this submission the difference does not affect registerability but this may not always be the case. Such a mismatch may be grounds for a return.
Marguerite le Reed. Device. Gules, a candle argent enflamed in a candlestick Or within an orle argent. 
Sorcha an Chomhraic. Name and device. Purpure, a chevron ermine between three dragons dormant wings elevated and addorsed argent. 
Submitted as Sorcha an Chomraic, the documentation shows that the byname is more properly rendered as Chomhraic; we have changed the byname to match the documentation.
Sorcha inghen uí Dhonnchaidh. Name and device. Sable, a triquetra and in chief a crescent between an increscent and a decrescent argent. 
The question was raised if this was "slot-machine" heraldry; that is, if it violated RFS VIII.1.a for using three different charges in the same charge group. The charges on the chief are all crescents, though in three different orientations. Thus, no, this is not "slot-machine" heraldry.
Yllaria bas Levi. Name. 
NORTHSHIELD
Amary Fairamay. Name. 
Andronikos Tzangares ho Philosophos. Name (see RETURNS for device and badge). 
Listed on the LoI as Andronikes Tzangares ho Philosophos, the form and the documentation show Andronikos Tzangares ho Philosophos. We have changed the name back to the originally submitted form.
Darkstone, Shire of. Device. Per fess indented gules and sable, in pale a bezant and a laurel wreath Or. 
Gevehard von Baden. Device. Per fess gules and sable, a fess cotised between two griffins passant argent and a ring Or jeweled argent. 
Greta Rahikainen. Device. Azure, three reindeer trippant argent. 
Nice armory!
Natali'a Petrova Moskvina. Name (see RETURNS for device). 
Listed on the LoI as Natalía Petrova Moskvina, both the form and the documentation show the given name as Natali'a. We have made this correction.
OUTLANDS
Alexander O'Neill. Name and device. Argent, in fess three serpents glissant palewise gules and on a chief azure a rapier argent. 
Ambrose atte Redehulle. Name. 
Blackwater Keep, Shire of. Device change. Or, a tower within a laurel wreath gules and a base engrailed sable scaly Or. 
Their previous device, Gules, eight scorpions in annulo, facing outward, all within a laurel wreath Or, is released.
Branwen ferch Gruffudd Rhodri. Name (see RETURNS for device). 
Brian mag Uidir. Name. 
Cecelia Corr Mháire. Badge. (Fieldless) On an amphora vert a passion nail argent. 
Cera ingen Rónáin. Name. 
Submitted as Ceara inghean Rónáin, the submitter requested an authentic pre-16th C Irish name. We have found no examples of Rónan as either a given name or a patronymic after 1013, when it appears in the Annals of the Four Masters. In 1013, Middle Irish is the appropriate language for an Irish name. O Corrain and Maguire, Irish Names show Cera as the Middle Irish form of the given name. In addition, for a Middle Irish name, the appropriate spelling of the feminine patronymic marker is ingen. We have changed the name to Cera ingen Rónáin, which is a fully Middle Irish form of this name, to comply with the submitter's request for authenticity. 
Daffyd of Emmett. Blanket permission to conflict with name and device. Gyronny of twelve gules and Or, an emmet (ant) sable. 
The letter granting blanket permission states "not identical to but at least one countable step different"; thus this blanket permission is for anything one CD away.
Daffyd of Emmett. Blanket permission to conflict with badge. (Fieldless) A mullet of six points gyronny of twelve Or and gules. 
The letter granting blanket permission states "not identical to but at least one countable step different". As fieldlessness always provides a CD, even against another fieldless badge, this means that any armory that has a blazonable difference from this badge is registerable with this permission to conflict. A blanket permission to conflict may specify that the CD must come from something other than fieldlessness.
Daffyd of Emmett. Blanket permission to conflict with badge. Argent, on a cross purpure a garb Or. 
The letter granting blanket permission states "not identical to but at least one countable step different"; thus this blanket permission is for anything one CD away.
Daffyd of Emmett. Blanket permission to conflict with alternate name Evlyn Death. 
Elissent Silverleaf. Name change from holding name Elissent of Unser Hafen. 
Furukusu Tatsujirou Masahide. Badge (see RETURNS for household name). Sable, three pine trees each within a hexagon voided and fracted per pall, one and two, argent. 
Fracting the hexagons is one step from period practice.
Ingvarr Halvarson. Name (see RETURNS for device). 
This name mixes Old Norse and Swedish; this is one step from period practice.
The submitter requested an authentic Viking Age name, but only accepted minor changes. Because the submitter will not allow a language change (a major change) from Swedish to Old Norse, we are unable to make the name authentic as requested. A fully Old Norse form of this name is Ingvarr Hallvarðarson; Geirr Bassi, The Old Norse Name lists Hallvarðr on p. 11.
Jenne McGill. Device change (see RETURNS for badge). Vert, on a chevron enhanced throughout Or, a decrescent sable and in base a weeping willow tree Or. 
Her current device, Or, on a chevron sable a decrescent Or in base a weeping willow tree vert, is released. Note that this was reblazoned on the June LoAR.
Kristrún Hrafnsdóttir. Name. 

Lucrezia Landino. Name and device. Per saltire azure and argent, in cross a leopard's face erminois between four wine amphorae counterchanged. 
The submitter requested authenticity for 16th C Italian. This is a fine 16th C Italian name.
Blazoned on the LoI as Per saltire azure and argent, a leopard's face erminois between four wine amphorae counterchanged, the leopard's face is the same size as the amphorae. That, along with the arrangement in cross, gives the impression of a single group of primaries, not of a primary between four secondaries. We have corrected the blazon to reflect this.
Mieczyslaw Tomeknowicz. Reblazon of device. Azure, a leopard sejant erect affronty, forelegs displayed, in base a mullet of sixteen points pierced, all within a bordure engrailed argent. 
Originally blazoned as Azure, a leopard sejant erect affronty, forelegs displayed, in base a spur rowel, all within a bordure engrailed argent, a spur rowel is a mullet of five or six points pierced. We know of no period examples of spur rowels in heraldry with so many points. We've corrected the blazon accordingly.
Murchadh Mac Diarmada. Name (see RETURNS for device). 
Murchadh Mac Diarmada. Badge (see RETURNS for Household name Ráth Nathrac). Or, a chevron gules overall a legless wyvern displayed contourny, tail nowed sable. 
Theodor von Oldenburg. Device. Or, on a tankard azure a rabbit's head erased argent and a chief embattled sable. 
TRIMARIS
Alexandros ho Konstantinopolous. Name. 
Amalric de Mannia. Device. Per bend ermine and vert, a tower counterchanged. 
Anna Baldewin. Name and device. Per pale vert and sable, in pale six chevronels inverted couped argent. 
Nice name!
The chevronels are drawn such that they would fit on a pale, if one were present. While we have twitches about the appearance of stitches it is registerable.
Catherine Cros. Name and device. Gules, a natural leopard rampant and on a chief argent two mullets of eight points gules. 
Elias Peregrine. Name. 
Mael Mide ingen Medrain. Device. Per chevron azure and argent, two butterflies and a compass star within a bordure all counterchanged. 
Oldenfeld, Barony of. Badge. Vert, an acorn within a bordure argent. 
Oldenfeld, Barony of. Badge (see RETURNS for Order name Order of the Golden Lion's Paw of Oldenfeld). Vert, a lion's paw erased Or within a bordure argent. 
Oldenfeld, Barony of. Designator change from Oldenfeld, Shire of. 
Taliesynne Nycheymwrh yr Anghyfannedd. Reblazon of augmentation. Quarterly sable and gules, a unicorn counter-rampant argent charged with a prickspur Or, fimbriated sable, as an augmentation, an orle surmounted by an orle of triskeles, argent. 
Originally blazoned as Quarterly sable and gules, a unicorn rampant to sinister argent charged with a pricspur Or, fimbriated sable, as an augmentation, an orle surmounted by and orle of triskeles, argent, this has been reblazoned to correct the typographical errors and to match the blazon of his registered unaugmented device. The prickspur is in its default orientation: palewise with the point to chief.
Trimaris, Kingdom of. Transfer of heraldic title Silver Owl Herald to Ysabela Celestina Manrique de Palma y Majorca. 
Trimaris, Kingdom of. Badge for the Royal Trimaris University. (Fieldless) A mermaid purpure maintaining a scroll argent. 
This badge is to be associated with Royal Trimaris University, which is a generic identifier.
Ysabela Celestina Manrique de Palma y Majorca. Acceptance of transfer of heraldic title Silver Owl Herald from Trimaris, Kingdom of. 
WEST
Alienor Fitzhenry. Device. Vert, two bendlets sinister wavy and in base three dogwood flowers in bend sinister argent. 
Beth of Westermark. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Argent, a cross of four lozenges gules within a bordure indented sable. 
Submitted under the name Aislinn Alsop.
Elisa bat Avraham. Name and device. Argent, a dog's pawprint sable within a bordure indented purpure. 

Elizabeth Anne de Gresse. Name and device. Or, a chevron purpure ermined argent between two compass stars elongated to base vert and a thistle proper. 
Submitted as Elizabeth Anne deGresse, the documentation for the locative byname showed the preposition separated from the placename by a space. We have changed the name to Elizabeth Anne de_Gresse to match the documentation.
Jacob vom Wald. Name. 
Submitted as Jacob von Wald, the preposition von (from) is only used with actual placenames, not with topographic names like wald (wood). In the case of bynames that describe a geographic or topographic feature, the appropriate preposition is vom (from the). We have made this change to correct the grammar.
Luther von Staufen. Name (see RETURNS for device). 
This name does not conflict with Lütolf von Staufen, registered October 1999. The two given names have different initial vowel sounds, and the final syllable is significantly different in sound and appearance.
Marcos da Bragança. Name and device. Or, a gurges gules, overall two arrows in pale fesswise reversed azure. 
Blazoned on the LoI as Gurges gules and Or, two arrows in pale fesswise reversed azure, a gurges is a charge, not a field division.
This could equally well be blazoned Gules, a gurges Or, overall two arrows in pale fesswise reversed azure or Or, a gurges gules, overall two arrows in pale fesswise reversed azure. Since by SCA rules an overall charge must have good contrast with field, in this case the field must be Or. A discussion on gurges, and how to blazon them, is included in the Cover Letter.
Vera Veshniakova. Name. 
- Explicit littera accipendorum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN RETURNED FOR FURTHER WORK:
ÆTHELMEARC
Donecan de Maccuswel. Household name Clann Maccuswael. 
The submitter has not addressed the central reason for the original return -- that Clan Maccuswael is in conflict with the modern day Clan Maxwell. The return, done in July 2004, stated "Maccusweal [sic] is a proposed spelling variant of Maxwell and the two are nearly identical in sound." The submitter argues that that the original return is based on the precedent "Household names may not be the surnames of actual families or clans as that would imply that the head of the household was the head of that family or clan." However, the return was not based on that precedent but rather on the rules that underlie that precedent: Rules for Submission (RfS) VI.1 and the Administrative Handbook III.a.8. RfS VI.1, Names Claiming Rank, states "Names containing titles, territorial claims, or allusions to rank are considered presumptuous." The registration of this household name could be taken as a claim to be the head of the real world Clan Maxwell. The Admin Handbook III.a.8 states:
Orders of Chivalry, Heraldic Titles, Organizations, etc. - Contemporary or historical orders of chivalry, heraldic titles, or organizations may be considered significant if they appear in general histories or in standard references such as an encyclopedia. The names of entities which do not appear in standard references due to the age and scope of these works may also be protected on a case-by-case basis.
The submitter has provided no documentation to suggest that the Clan Maxwell is not a significant real world entity and has presented a fair amount of documentation to suggest that it is a significant real world organization. By the evidence of the submitter's own documentation, this clan name is important enough to protect. Because the name Clan Maxwell is important enough to protect according to the categories defined in the Admin Handbook, a claim to be the real-world head of this clan is presumptuous according to the Rules for Submission. If the submitter wishes to clear the conflict and avoid the appearance of presumption, we suggest that he add a locative to the household name that is not associated with the real world Clan Maxwell.
The submitter makes another argument, that past registrations show that we do not protect the names of significant real world Scottish clans. He notes several registrations of household names of the form Clan + surname or Clan + surname + locative and argues that, because these names were registered, the submitted name should also be registered. We note that two of the names cited by the submitter, Clan McBride and Clan MacFergus do have real-world equivalents. However, unlike Clan Maxwell they are not listed as major or armigerous clans in standard reference works on Scottish clans, such as the Scottish Clan Encyclopedia. For the other cited clan names, though, the registered household name is not in conflict with the name of a real world Scottish clan, either because no such clan exists, or because a locative was added to clear conflict. The appeal also fails to note that there is precedent of returning household names for conflict with real world Scottish clans: for example House Mac an Ghabhann was returned for conflict with the real world Clan MacGowan in June 1992, Clan MacMathghamhna for conflict with the real world Clans MacMahon in July 1994, MacLeod Keep for conflict with Clan MacLeod in July 2003, and House of Hunter against Clan Hunter in November 2004. Furthermore, past registration is not proof of current registerability--the fact that a mistake may have been made in the past does not mean that we are bound to repeat it in perpetuity. Because the submitter failed to demonstrate that the real world Clan Maxwell is not important enough to protect, and failed to demonstrate a clear pattern of registration for names in direct conflict with important real world Scottish clans, we feel that the original return should be upheld.
Finally, the submitter asserted that Maccuswael is a reasonable spelling variant of the name Maxwell. The problem with this spelling was addressed in both the registration of his primary name and in the original return of this household name:
The submitter proposed the form Maccuswael as a variant of Maccuswel based on the statement in Black, Surnames of Scotland, that wael is the Old English word for well or pool. In this instance, Black is mistaken. According to the OED wael is an Old English word for a ridge or wale; the Old English word for pool is wæl. As there is no evidence that the "Æ" and "ae" are interchangable in Old English, this variant is not a valid spelling for this name. Black, s.n. Maxwell lists a John de Maccuswel in 1210; we have changed his name to Donecan de Maccuswel in order to register it.
He has provided several additional citations for the desired spelling. However, the original source for these spellings in all cases we could find is the mistaken citation from Black discussed in the original return. Since the submitter has not provided examples of this spelling that do not derive from the entry in Black, he has not shown that Maccuswael is a reasonable spelling variant for this name.
Keran Roslin. Badge. (Fieldless) A heart per pale azure and argent. 
This badge submission was withdrawn by the kingdom.
AN TIR
Catrina Makcrie of Berwick. Badge. (Fieldless) A duck naiant contourny Or. 
This conflicts with a badge registered March 2005 for Northshield, (Fieldless) A swan naiant contourny Or. There is a CD for fieldlessness. While both swans and ducks are period charges, swans are much more common than ducks. In period emblazons it is often difficult, or impossible, to tell the difference between the two birds. Thus we do not grant a difference between the two.
Giuliana Maria di Grazia. Badge. Sable, on a pile azure fimbriated between two step-cut gemstones palewise a step-cut gemstone palewise pendent from a necklace of beads argent. 
This is returned for a redraw as the multiple problems push it past the limits of registerability. The pile is drawn too wide and too shallow, leading to the appearance of a per chevron inverted field. The argent line is too narrow to be a chevron inverted and a field division cannot be fimbriated. A properly drawn pile may be fimbriated. Whether a per chevron inverted field or a charged pile, the charges are not in the expected locations. The gemstones should not be arranged in fess; the most applicable description of their arrangement should be one and two.
The Pictorial Dictionary (q.v. Jewelry) notes that individual gemstones are period charges; however, using two "unset" gemstones and the same gemstone "set" in a necklace is a step from period practice.
In addition, the string of beads isn't really in a blazonable arrangement -- they aren't in annulo, nor does there seem to be a default for necklaces. Please inform the submitter that if she intends to resubmit a necklace, it has to be in blazonable arrangement.

Judith Greanwod. Name. 
Conflict with Judith von Gruenwald, registered April 1987. The preposition von does not count for difference, and the locatives are nearly identical in sound and appearance.
ANSTEORRA
None.
ATENVELDT
Bertrand de Lacy. Household name House del Essé. 
This submission does not address the reason for return of the previous submission, House de Lacy. That name was returned in July 2004 because:
Conflict with the real-world Lacy family. The badge, [Tinctureless] A Lacy knot, registered as important non-SCA arms, is the badge of the Lacys'. Nine of the eighteen registrations of the name de Lacy have a device or badge using this charge. This suggests that, within the SCA, the mundane family name is closely enough associated with the registered charge that the name should also be protected.
While the current submission is significantly different from de Lacy in appearance, the two are pronounced identically. Therefore, they are in conflict. 
Cadan a Porthia. Name. 
This name is two steps from period practice. First, it mixes Gaelic and English in a single name. Second, when Ó Corrain and Maguire say that a name, such as Cadan, is "early", they mean that it occurs prior to the 10th C. Therefore, there is a more than 300 year gap between the dates for the given name and for the locative. As we know of no later examples of the name Cadan, we cannot make this name registerable.
The submitter requested an appropriate spelling for the locative byname. The name Porthia is recorded in a Middle English form; in 1335, the appropriate preposition for a locative byname would be de.
His device and badge were registered under the holding name Cadan of Mons Tonitrus.
Caroline Marie de Fontenailles and Elsbeth von Sonnenthal. Household name Domus Mons Solaris. 
No documentation was submitted and none found that a Latin name translating as Mountain of the Sun is reasonable for an organized group of people. For such a name to be registerable, the submitters must demonstrate that such naming patterns exist in the language/culture used in the submission. In this case, a sun as an inn sign was documented from English, while the use of Mont was documented from Spanish order names. None of this demonstrates that either "Mountain of the Sun" is a reasonable inn sign name in any language, nor that Domus Mon Solaris is a reasonable inn sign name for any place/culture that used Latin, or that Latin inn sign names are reasonable in the first place.
Furthermore, it is unclear that the name is grammatically correct. While the name translates literally to "House Mountain of the Sun," it is not clear that the nominative mons can be used in this construction. In general, the correct form of this name would be Domus Montis Solaris, or "House of the Mountain of the Sun." This puts Montis in the expected genitive form.
Charles Veitch. Device. Vert, a pair of cat's eyes Or slitted vert, a base indented Or. 
The eyes are not in a blazonable orientation - they are halfway between the default in fess and in chevron inverted. RfS VII.7.b requires every submission to have a blazon that allows the emblazon to be reconstructed. Please put the eyes in a blazonable orientation.
Domnall mac Faíltigeirn. Device. Per fess sable and azure, four escutcheons in cross, bases to center, Or. 
This is returned for lack of identifiablity, per RfS VII.7.a; it appears to be a cross or a quatrefoil, not four escutcheons.
Ima Hardcocc. Name. 
This name violates RfS IV.1 Vulgar Names, which says "Pornographic or scatological terms will not be registered. Obscene terminology, sexually explicit material, bathroom or toilet humor, etc. are considered inherently offensive by a large segment of the Society and general population." Every commenter remarked that this name was inappropriate. The submitter included documentation for the name Hardman, documented to 1188 in Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames s.n. Hardman. We would change the name to Ima Hardman, but the submitter will not accept major changes.
His device was registered under the holding name Ima of Granholme.
Itbir Amellal. Name and device. Per saltire sable and vert, a bird argent. 
No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that this is a reasonably formed Berber name, or even to suggest what a reasonably formed Berber name might be. The submitter has documented each name part as a given name; the list he uses cites sources to suggest that some, but not all, of the names on the list are found in period. No dates for any of the names are provided. Furthermore, the only information about naming practices provided is a statement that "Early names, like those or royalty, tend to demonstrate a single element...while later people often demonstrate the spread of Islam with classically-formed Arabic names." However, no source for this quote was provided, so we are unable to evaluate the accuracy of this statement. To register a name for a language/culture unfamiliar to most members of the College of Arms (or even in familiar language and cultures), the Rules for Submission require that the submitter demonstrate that the individual elements of a name are found in period, that each phrase is appropriate and grammatically correct for a single culture, and that the name as a whole is constructed according to patterns found in the naming practices of the appropriate culture. The documentation provided here does none of these things; therefore, we are unable to register this name.
This is a generic bird; it has no identifying features. Thus it conflicts with Brian of Boisfort, Azure chapé invected Or, a rooster argent, with Sheryl of Thespis, Azure, a swan naiant argent crowned Or, and Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn, Per chevron argent and vert, in base a falcon close argent, among others. In each case there is a CD for changes to the field. There is nothing between a generic bird and any other type of bird.
A redraw to an identifiable dove - or other identifiable bird - will clear many of the potential conflicts. According to the Pictorial Dictionary, in heraldic art a dove "is distinquished by a little curled tuft on top of its head." In addition to the Pictorial Dictionary, a dove can be found in Parker's "A Glossary of Terms used in Heraldry" or Fox-Davies' "The Complete Guide to Heraldry".
Nakada Tadamitsu of the Saitô Clan. Name. 
This name contains two surnames, a practice not found in period Japanese names. The submitter attempts to add a clan name, Saitô, to the end of an already properly formed name. However, clan names act as surnames -- they are not a separate element in an already completely formed Japanese name. 
In addition, the clan name mixes English and Japanese in a single name phrase in violation of RfS III.1.a Linguistic Consistency. The appropriate form to have a name noting one is of the Saitô Clan is to use the surname Saito. We would either drop the element of the Saitô Clan or change the name to Saito Tadamitsu. However, both of these are major changes which the submitter will not allow.
Rosa Maria di Calabria. Device. Or, a roundel within an annulet sable. 
This is returned for obtrusive modernity due to its resemblance to the Target Brands trademark.
Some commenters raised the issue of potential conflict with the trademark for Target Brands. While the most common version of their trademark could be blazoned as Argent, a roundel within an annulet gules, Target has actually trademarked the design we would blazon as (Tinctureless) A roundel within an annulet. When dealing with trademarks there are actually two issues: conflict and obtrusive modernity.
On the matter of conflict, the Administrative Handbook says that we protect Copyrighted Images, Trademarks, Military Insignia, et cetera "when covered by applicable laws and regulations in the country from which the material derives." We are not aware of any pertinent laws by which registration of this badge would infringe on the brand recognizability or business of Target. While Rosa's device would conflict with Target's trademark (having a single CD for tincturelessness of the trademark), the stated uses for Target's trademarks concern very modern goods and services, and do not resemble the uses to which the SCA puts its armory. Therefore we would not protect Target's trademark and this would not be reason for return.
The second issue is possible obtrusive modernity due to resemblance to a real-world trademark per RfS VIII.4.b. This rule forbids "Overt allusions to modern insignia, trademarks or common designs". As noted in the LoAR of April 2002, "As a guideline, there generally will not be an obtrusively modern 'overt' allusion to a logo when the logo uses a single charge, unless the artwork of the submission matches the artwork of the logo very closely, or unless the charge is in some way unique." In this case, the charges are not unique but the combination of the two in this arrangement does provide an overt allusion to the trademark and must therefore be returned.
This is clear of Mariposa de los Montoyas, Or, a butterfly sable marked Or within an annulet sable, and Mikjal Annarbjorn, Or, an ermine spot within an annulet sable by RfS X.2 (complete change of primary charge). In each of these the annulet is a secondary charge.
ATLANTIA
Alfred of Suffolk. Device. Argent semy of dice, on a bend azure three roses argent barbed and seeded gules. 
The azure dice are marked sable. This means we have lost the internal detailing that lets us identify the charges as dice. As they cannot be identified, this must be returned per RfS VII.7.a, which requires that "Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance." 
Bj{o,}rn Samsson. Device. Per bend sable and vert, a falcon "striking" to sinister and in chief three compass stars argent. 
The falcon in not in a blazonable posture - it is not clearly rising, or striking, or stooping or volant - and must therefore be returned per RfS VII.7.b. Please advise the submitter that the compass stars should be drawn larger and more clearly as compass stars.
Marco da Verona. Device. Per pale Or and vert, a quiver with three arrows gules and a point pointed azure. 
This is returned for a redraw; as submitted it violates the requirement of RfS VII.7.a that "Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance." The arrows need to be larger in order to be identifiable. In addition, as drawn the quiver looks like a bag, not a quiver. 
Wilhelm Schlagenteufel. Device. Or, a schnecke issuant from sinister chief sable. 
This conflicts with Damian Thorvaldsson, Sable, a gurges Or. As discussed in the Cover Letter ("From Wreath: On Gurges and Schnecken"), Damian's device can also be blazoned as Or, a gurges sable. There is a significant difference or CD, but not a substantial (X.2) difference, between a gurges and a schnecke. This is the only CD between Wilhelm and Damian's devices.
As previously noted: "[a schnecke issuant from sinister chief] Please advise the submitter to draw the schnecke so that it is more centered on the field. The curl of the schnecke should extend both above and below the center point of the field. [Rachel of Sandy Stream, 08/03, A-Caid]".
CAID
Ciar ingen Dáire. Device. Quarterly gules and sable, in bend two oak leaves argent. 
Unfortunately, this conflicts with Bastian Eychner, Per bend sinister bevilled sable and gules, two oak leaves argent. There is one CD for changes to the field. As the oak leaves are in the same location, there is no other CD.

Jaida Amat Allah bint Khaldun. Name. 
This name contains two isms (given names); this is unknown in Arabic naming practice. al-Jamal explains:
Amat Allah, like its masculine counterpart, 'Abd Allah (or Abdullah) or any of the other 'Abd al-X (where "X" is one of the 99 Names of Allah) names, is treated an 'ism, a given name in and of itself, in Arabic. It is not a "normal" laqab, which can be appended to a given name (e.g., al-Khayyami, the tent-maker, as in 'Umar al-Khayyami, Omar the tent-maker). She may be Jaida bint Khaldun, or she may be Amat Allah bint Khaldun, or she may be Jaida bint 'Abd Allah (Abdullah) ibn Khaldun, but she could not be Jaida Amat Allah bint Khaldun.
We would drop the problematic element or change it to a patronymic, but the submitter will not accept major changes.
Her arms were registered under the holding name Jaida of Altavia.
Juliana MacLachlan. Name. 
Conflict with Juliana nic Lachlainn, registered January 1993. The names are nearly identical in sound and appearance.
Her device and badge were registered under the holding name Juliana of Carreg Wen, as was the joint household name (with Anastasia MacEwan de Ravenna). 
DRACHENWALD
Fremon de Saint Laurent. Device. Or, a gridiron sable. 
Conflict with Domenico Barbiere da Mantova, (Fieldless) A gridiron sable. There is a single CD for the field. Even if this had not been in conflict, it would have been returned for a redraw. When Domenico's badge was registered in April 2005 Laurel noted:
This is the first SCA registration of a gridiron, and the submitter has provided documentation showing that it is a period heraldic charge, appearing in one of the earliest pieces of British corporate armory, the Fraternity of Girdlers at St Lawrence in 1332. This depiction of the gridiron is derived directly from James Parker, A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry, and based on the illustration and blazons in Parker, the default posture is palewise with the handle downwards as in this submission.
Fremon's gridiron does not match Domenico's. Going by Parker's emblazon, as well as that in Bromley & Child's "Armorial Bearings of the Guilds of London", 1960, p.111 and plate 20, the heraldic gridiron should have five vertical bars and two horizontal bars, with the handle downwards. The vertical bars do not overlap the edges of the horizontal bars. Domenico's gridiron matches this. If the submitter wishes to resubmit a gridiron it should have more vertical bars, and they should stop at the horizontal bars.
EALDORMERE
Ealdormere, Kingdom of. Badge. (Fieldless) A wolf passant argent, collared and sustaining a flagstaff sable flying a banner of Gules, three trilliums argent barbed and seeded vert. 
This was pended from the LoAR of November 2004 to allow discussion by the College of Arms. As noted at the time, the badge has the appearance of being a supporter. The College of Arms neither protects nor regulates the use of crests or supporters, and therefore will not register any submission that appears to be one.
Argent Snail has argued that this does not, in fact, appear to be a supporter: "We support registering this, as we can find no use of passant/statant/four legs on the ground beasts/monsters being used in supporters? We looked at about 30 different heraldry books that we thought possibly might have pictures of period supporters in them. Most of them did not have any pictures of supporters. Of the ones I found, with *one* full exception and 3 other strange cases, the supporting animals/humans/angels/monsters were upright/erect/rampant/salient/etc."
Further reseach has shown that in some areas, such as Italy, sejant supporters are relatively common. In addition, the occasional passant/couchant supporter has been found. Black Stag found two examples from Renaissance Florence, cited from Francesca Fumi Cambi Gado's book Stemmi: "One supporter that is somewhere between passant and couchant is in figure 122 (Corrado di Salimbeni Terlatini da Citta di Castello, 1487). A couchant guardant lion supporter is in figure 138 (Ugolino Fondi da Cittaducale, 1506)."
Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme notes:
However, there are examples of supporters in period art that are not upright: as with any other heraldic charge, it's a matter of the supporters being drawn to fill the space available to them. St. John-Hope ("Heraldry for Craftsmen and Designers", 1929, p.193) shows how supporters originated on heraldic seals, where the gap between the circular edge of the seal and the triangular shield was often filled with heraldic charges. These charges evolved into supporters; they were upright because of the vertical space they were filling.
On the other hand, when the space for the supporters wasn't vertical, there was no requirement that the supporters be upright. Thus, Hope (op.cit., fig.156) shows the royal tomb of Henry VII: the shield supported by two angels reclining instead of upright. G.W. Eve ("Heraldry as Art", 1907, fig.175) shows a Limoges enamel by Penicaud, early 16th C., where the supporters are horizontal (angels volant, in essence), to fill their space. 
Supporters aren't defined by posture, but by function. If a figure is holding up a display of armory then that figure is a supporter. To claim that a passant beast is supporting an armorial display but is somehow not a supporter of that display would twist the meaning of "supporter" beyond reason. By this definition, the badge submitted here shows a supporter and thus must be returned. This is a valid method of armorial display and may be used as such. It just can't be registered.
We note that the Paschal lamb, a lamb passant maintaining a banner argent charged with a cross gules, is a special case. The banner is almost invariably drawn much smaller than the lamb -- and, indeed, the banner could be considered part of the definition of the charge. Its only contribution to our discussion is as evidence that there's nothing inherently impossible about passant beasts holding up banners. Given this, we will register passant creatures maintaining or sustaining a banner that is not -- and cannot -- be protected armory. This means a banner of a single tincture other than Ermine (the protected arms of Brittany) or Vert (the protected flag of Libya).
EAST
None.
LOCHAC
Constance de Coligny. Device. Azure, on a fess between three mullets argent a rose gules. 
This is returned for conflict with Cecille de Beumund, Azure, on a fess between three swallows volant argent three roses proper. There is a CD for changing the swallows to mullets. There is nothing for changing only the number of tertiaries, nor is there any difference between a rose gules and a rose proper.
The submitter has provided a letter of permission to conflict from Emma de Lastone, who bears as arms Azure, a fess argent fretty vert between three mullets pierced argent.
MERIDIES
Myfanwy Afrwydd. Device. Per chevron ployé sable and argent, two increscents argent and a wolf couchant azure. 
The device is returned for conflict with Kathleen of Wuduholt be Secg, Per chevron sable and argent, an increscent and a decrescent argent, and an estoile azure. There is a CD for changing the type of the basemost charge of three charges in standard arrangement. Changing the orientation of one of the two crescents is not worth a second CD as this change affects only one-third of the charges (and that one-third is not the basemost of three charges in a standard arrangement). Nor is there a CD between a field per chevron and a field per chevron ployé.
Please advise the submitter that the chevron should be more ployé on resubmission
MIDDLE
Bradwen ap Cadog. Name. 
No documentation was submitted and none found to show that the name Bradwen was used by humans in period, or that it was the name of a significant literary character. The name occurs once in one of the Arthurian tales, in a long list of names being invoked to a particular task. Precedent holds that such mentions are insufficient for registration:
...While the name Teleri does appear in the Arthurian tale "Culhwch ac Olwen," an examination of this story shows that the name occurs once in passing when a character swears by a long list of names and events. Current precedent is to accept the names of significant characters from period Arthurian literature. However, Teleri is just a name mentioned in the course of the tale; it is not even the name of a character. Barring documentation that the name was used by humans in period, or that it is the name of a significant period literary character, it cannot be registered. [Eleri Cadard, September 2004]
His armory was registered under the holding name James of Three Towers.
Drina Petulengro. Name. 
No documentation was provided and none found to suggest that either the given name or the byname are found in period. The byname, Petulengro, was documented from a 1905 publication where the author talks about names he has personally found among the "English gypsys". Fause Lozenge notes that the given name, Drina, "is used as a feminine personal name in both Serbian/Croatian and Bulgarian, according to Milan Bosanac, Prosvjetin Imenoslov (Zagreb: Provjeta, 1984)...and Iordan Zaimov, Bulgarski Imennik (Sofia: Izdatelstvo na Bulgarskata Akademija na Naukite , 1994).... Unfortunately, there is nothing here to suggest that the name is period." When names are documented from modern sources, and no dates are given, we must assume that the forms are modern. Barring evidence for the parts of this name in period, it cannot be registered.
Hróbjartr melrakki. Device. Sable, a fox's mask between two gores argent. 
This is returned for conflict. Originally blazoned as Sable, two gores, in chief a fox's mask argent, the fox's mask is correctly placed for a primary charge placed between two peripheral gores. As such this conflicts with Fandral Silverfox, Sable, a fox's mask argent, with a single CD for adding the gores.
Ulf des Vandrer. Device. Argent, on a bend sinister between two anchors azure three feet couped inverted argent. 
This is returned for lack of a name. The name was returned in kingdom by Rouge Scarpe; the device was evidently sent on in error. A holding name can't be formed if there was no name submission to begin with, in part because we cannot tell if the submitter allows a holding name.
We note that inverting the feet severely impairs their identifiability. The submitter should be prepared to argue for their acceptance, should he resubmit with inverted feet. Much better would be to use feet in their default posture; they would go well with the nicely medieval anchors here.
NORTHSHIELD
Andronikos Tzangares ho Philosophos. Device. Quarterly argent and azure, in canton a mullet of seven points voided and interlaced azure. 
Conflict with Leah bat Yehiel, (Fieldless) A mullet of eight interlocking mascles azure. There is a CD for fieldlessness. There is not a CD for placement of the mullet as Leah's badge is fieldless. The internal details and number of points are not significant enough to grant a CD between the mullets.
Andronikos Tzangares ho Philosophos. Badge. (Fieldless) A mullet of seven points voided and interlaced azure. 
Conflict with Leah bat Yehiel, (Fieldless) A mullet of eight interlocking mascles azure. There is a CD for fieldlessness. The internal details and number of points are not significant enough to grant a CD between the mullets.

Natali'a Petrova Moskvina. Device. Per chevron argent and azure, two maple leaves and a moon in its plenitude counterchanged. 
Conflict with the badge of Alfred of Chester for Clan Daingneacha, Per chevron argent and azure, three oak leaves counterchanged. There is a significant, but not a substantial, difference between oak leaves and maple leaves. Thus these are not clear by RfS X.2 and there is only a single CD under RfS X.4 for changing the type of primary charges. 
OUTLANDS
Aodhan O'Maolalaidh. Name. 
The patronymic O'Maolalaidh combines the English O' with the Gaelic Maolalaidh in violation of RfS 3.I.a Linguistic Consistency, which forbids combining two languages in the same name phrase. The fully Gaelic form for this name is Aodhan Ó Maolalaidh. However, the submitter will only accept minor changes, so we are unable to change the language of either element. We attempted to contact the submitter, but received no reply. Therefore, we are forced to return this name.
Bjorn inn gauzki. Device. Sable, in bend a compass star and a drakkar prow Or. 
This must be returned as there was no mini-emblazon on the LoI.
This was an appeal of a kingdom return for conflict with Luxandra of Altumbrea, Sable, semée of suns in splendour Or. The appeal asked that the way we count differences when multiple changes are made to armory be reconsidered. This is not a conflict; there is one CD for changing the number of primary charges and another for changing the type of half the charges. Please see the Cover Letter under "From Wreath: On Counting Differences" for further discussion.
Branwen ferch Gruffudd Rhodri. Device. Gules, on a pale between two vols argent, three chaplets of four arum lilies sable. 
This is returned for redraw as the chaplets of lilies are not identifiable. They aren't true chaplets, being more like "four lilies conjoined in annulo", which distorts them to the point that we couldn't identify them. Charges must be identifiable, per RfS VII.7.a.
On resubmission, the submitter is advised to draw more standard vols. That is, the vols should not be stretched so that they are nearly two and half times tall as they are wide. We applaud the submitter's effort to make the charges fill the available space, but one can have too much of a good thing. 
Furukusu Tatsujirou Masahide. Household name Uji Takaki. 
This name is not formed according to Japanese names for organized groups of people, nor is the arrangement of words correct. Although the word uji translates as clan, it is not used as a designator for such groups in the same way that the word clan is used. Solveig Throndardottir notes "'uji' is not a constructive element and would not normally appear in a name. Further, it is slotted in the wrong position. For example, the Minamoto (an uji) are sometimes referred to as the Genji (Gen = Minamoto and Ji = uji where Gen and JI are on'yomi readings)." As the submitter will not allow major changes, we cannot change this element to something more fitting for this purpose. Furthermore, as the list of uji became fixed early in our period and new uji could be formed only by royal dispensation, the word uji may be presumptuous when used as part of a household name.
So, what is the right word to use as a household designator for a Japanese household? Solveig suggest that ikki might be a more appropriate word. An ikki, she says, was a popular uprising to accomplish some task or other. Members of the uprising had a common spirit and goal. As there are period examples of ikki based on by both nanori (Tokusei ikki) and yobina (Takesaemon Ikki), ikki would be an appropriate designator for a Japanese name for an organized group of people.
Ingvarr Halvarson. Device. Gyronny arrondi gules and Or, a raven reguardant sable. 
Conflict with Serlo of Litchfield, Gyronny gules and Or, a vulture close sable. There are no difference between these two devices since there is no difference between a vulture and a raven: "Until such time as it can be demonstrated that there is 'some visual difference' between a vulture and a raven when used in heraldry, no difference will be given between these charges. [Brand Björnsson, 11/02, R-Meridies]". The position of the bird's head is not worth a difference, nor is there a difference between gyronny and gyronny arrondi.
As discussed in the Cover Letter, this is a valid depiction of gyronny arrondi, though the use of a central charge with this depiction of gyronny arrondi (with the corners of the shield in the center of a gyron rather than having the line of division issue from the corner) is one step from period practice. 
Please advise the submitter that the arrondi should be slightly more pronounced.
Jenne McGill. Badge. Quarterly purpure and vert, a thistle argent. 
This conflicts with Theresa de Foxton, Per bend embattled sable and gules, a thistle slipped and leaved argent. There is a single CD for changes to the field.
This is clear of Ealdgytha of Spalding Abbey (Fieldless) A teazel slipped and leaved argent. As Laurel ruled when registering her badge, "Period heralds seem to have distinguished between a teazel and a thistle, despite the similarity of the nouns. For armory as simple as this [(fieldless) A teazel slipped and leaved vs. <Field>, a thistle], we can see granting a CD for type of flower. (Ealdgytha of Spalding Abbey, December, 1992, pg. 12)".
Murchadh Mac Diarmada. Device. Per pale Or and sable, a cross formy throughout counterchanged. 
This has been withdrawn by the submitter.
This does not conflict with Stephan of Monmouth, Per pale Or and sable, a cross of Jerusalem counterchanged. There is a substantial (X.2) difference between a cross of Jerusalem and a cross formy.
Murchadh Mac Diarmada. Household name Ráth Nathrac. 
This name does not follow a pattern found in Irish placenames. The name was intended to mean "Snake Fortress." Although Ráth is a fine toponymic word for fortress, no documentation was submitted and none found for Irish placenames named for reptiles or monsters such as snakes. Barring such documentation, this name is not registerable.
TRIMARIS
Brion Gennadyevich Gorodin. Badge. (Fieldless) On a billet fesswise vert, seven annulets interlaced in fess Or. 
This is returned for style problems. First, a billet is a shape used for heraldic display. This appears to be a display of Vert, seven annulets interlaced in fess Or. As precedent notes:
We do not register fieldless badges which appear to be independent forms of armorial display. Charges such as lozenges, billets, and roundels are all both standard heraldic charges and "shield shapes" for armorial display. ...
Therefore, a "shield shape" which is also a standard heraldic charge will be acceptable as a fieldless badge in a plain tincture, as long as the tincture is not one of the plain tinctures that is protected armory in the SCA. This explicitly overturns the precedent "We do not normally register fieldless badges consisting only of forms of armorial display, such as roundels, lozenges and delfs in plain tinctures, since in use the shape does not appear to be a charge, but rather the field itself" (LoAR January 1998).
Note that this does not change our long-standing policy about such "shield shape" charges used in fieldless badges if the tincture is not plain (thus, divided or with a field treatment), or if the charge is itself charged. Such armory will continue to be returned for the appearance of an independent form of armorial display.[Solveig Throndardottir, 04/02, A-Æthelmearc]
The second problem is that while some variation in the size of charges in the same group is natural when the charges are drawn to fill the space, in this case there is no reason for the obvious discrepancy in the size of the annulets. On resubmission, the seven annulets should be drawn the same size. 
Fernando Miguel de Valencia. Device. Per saltire vert and sable, four swords in cross points to center argent. 
This is returned for conflict. His previous device, with a very similar emblazon, Per saltire vert and sable, a cross of four swords conjoined at the points argent was returned by Laurel on the July 2004 LoAR with the comment:
This conflicts with two badges of Sigenoth the Blissful. The first is a household badge for Maison de la Croix Blanche: Quarterly sable and vert, a cross bottony argent. The second is a personal badge: Per pale sable and vert, a Latin cross bottony argent. As drawn the swords are visually indistinguishable from a cross crosslet or bottony, and the submitted blazon on the LoI supports this interpretation. Thus against each of Sigenoth's badges there is a CD for the field, but there is insufficient difference between the charges to get a second CD. In addition, the "cross" appears to be throughout here on three of the four arms. A cross of any type should either be throughout on all arms or not throughout on any of them. Any potential resubmissions using the "cross of swords" motif should keep that in mind.
The submitter has addressed the problem of appearing to be a cross throughout on three arms by making the swords slightly smaller; however, the arrangement of the swords still appears to be a cross bottony as the swords are almost conjoined. The same conflicts exist. The tiny bit of space he's introduced between the swords' points isn't enough to remove the appearance, from any distance, of a single cross.
Oldenfeld, Barony of. Badge. Vert, a lighthouse argent enflamed Or within a bordure argent. 
This conflicts with Edmund Falconmere, Vert, a tower and on a bordure argent a tressure vert. Per precedent "There is no difference between a tower and a lighthouse given the varying depictions of towers and similar architecture in period ..." [Dun an Chalaidh, Shire of, 08/01, R-An Tir]. Thus there is a single CD for removing the tressure.
Oldenfeld, Barony of. Order name Order of the Golden Lion's Paw of Oldenfeld. 
Conflict with Order of the Lion's Paw, registered to the Barony of Lyondemere in August 1984. RfS V.2.c says "two non-personal names with different numbers of descriptive elements conflict if the only difference in the descriptive parts is the addition of one or more modifiers to a single, already modified root element." In this case, Paw is the root element modified by lion in the registered name and golden lion in the submitted name. The Rules for Submission state that branch names do not count for difference in nonpersonal names. Therefore, the only change is the addition of a single modifier to a single, already modified root element.
This is not in conflict with Order of the Lions Paw of Kenmare, registered to Barony of Northkeep in May, 2004. In this case, the registered name has three descriptive elements lions, paw and of Kenmare; because Kenmare is a real life place rather than an SCA branch name, it is a valid descriptive element that counts for difference. RfS V.2.b.1 says of names with the same number of descriptive elements "Two such names do not conflict if each of them contains a descriptive element significantly different from every descriptive element in the other." In this case, the element golden is significantly different from the element of Kenmare, so these two names do not conflict.
Trimaris, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Snakestone Herald. 
Although a snakestone is a heraldic charge of sorts, the word snakestone is not found until 1661. Because the word is not found in our period, it cannot be registered as a heraldic title.
WEST
Aislinn Alsop. Name. 
This name is two steps from period practice. First, it uses an SCA-compatible name (in this case, the Gaelic Aislinn). Second, it combines Gaelic and English. We would change the given name to Ascelina, a similar sounding English name which Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames s.n. Aslin, date to the 13th C. However, changing the language of a name element is a major change, which the submitter will not allow.
Her armory has been registered under the holding name Beth of Westermark.
Luther von Staufen. Device. Azure, on a pall Or a castle between three crosses formy sable. 
Conflict with Michael Dolinar O'Mourne de Starhaven, Azure, on a pall Or a Florida panther's head couped reversed sable between three hearts gules. There is only a single CD under RfS X.4.j.ii for substantially changing the type of all of the tertiary charges.
- Explicit littera renuntiationum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN PENDED UNTIL THE FEBRUARY 2006 LAUREL MEETING (OR AS NOTED):
ANSTEORRA
Ansteorra, Kingdom of. Order name Arc d'Or of Ansteorra, Order of. 
No documentation was included with this submission except for a statement that the documentation would be sent in the following month. Even though the documentation was supplied a month later, such a statement and action on an LoI is unacceptable. The Admin Handbook V.b.2.d says
Summary of Supporting Evidence - A summary of all supporting evidence provided for the submission must be included on the letter of intent. Such evidence includes documentation, permissions to conflict, proofs for entitlement, statements of support for transferred items, and evidence for support in the case of branch submissions. In the case of resubmissions or appeals, a history of previous submissions to the College of Arms, including the dates and grounds for previous returns must be included. Where possible, the letter should include specific references (including page numbers) to all supporting documentation. Omission of this documentation may make registration impossible.
Furthermore, the Admin Handbook says of the provisions for creating a letter of intent that "These procedures apply to all kingdoms. Requests for variance must be approved in advance and in writing by the Laurel Sovereign of Arms." This was not an "oops"; it was a deliberate disregard to the rules spelled out in the Admin Handbook, and the submissions herald stated such in the summary for this submission.
Furthermore, a timely letter of correction was not issued. Instead, the documentation for this submission was included in a Letter of Comment from a commenting herald from Ansteorra. 
Because the rules for a valid Letter of Intent were flouted, because no variance was requested, and because no letter of correction was ever issued, we would be well within the letter of the rules to return this submission. However, because of other circumstances (such as the change of kingdom submissions heralds in Ansteorra around that time) in this case, we will pend this submission to allow extra time for commentary.
This item appeared on the March 24, 2005 Ansteorran Letter of Intent. The documentation for this item appeared in Orle's letter of commentary dated April 20, 2005. Orle's documentation:
(name: Ansteorra, Kingdom of)
Arc d'Or of Ansteorra, Order of
[Order Name] As requested by Bordure and Star I present the documentation for this order name. Branch name registration: Ansteorra, Kingdom of- This branch-name was registered at some point. The enclosed treaty with Trimaris deals with the conflict issues.
I will open by citing the original ruling by Laurel on this order.
[August 1992 Laurel Letter Trimaris-A] "Trimaris, Kingdom of. Name for the Order of the Arc d'Or. This is the Kingdom award for archers. The name was submitted as Arque d'Or, and was intended to mean "Golden Bow". But the word for "bow" is arc, in both modern and medieval French; we have corrected the spelling. Note that, though now correctly spelled, it means "Bow made of Gold" (i.e. the metal); the correct French idiom for "Golden Bow" (the coloration) would be Arc Doré."
Arc d'Or is intended to mean Bow of Gold but my French expert assures me it can also be taken as Golden Bow, at least in modern French.
First the pattern of the name for a period order:
Examples of names that use Golden + thing:
Project Ordensnamen By Meradudd Cethin www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/order/
Golden Rose 1096
Golden Spur 1314
Golden Buckle 1355
Gold Escutcheon 1369
Golden Apple 1394
Golden Fleece 1429
Examples of military items in order names:
Golden Spur 1314
Sword Bearers 1197
Tower and Sword 1459
Sword 1523
Hatchet 1149
Green Shield with the White Lady 1399
History of Orders of Chivalry: a Survey http://heraldica.org/topics/orders/ordhist.htm
Golden Shield, founded by Louis de Bourbon (1367-1410?),
Thus we can have a Order of Golden Bow. Now to translate this into period French. Since this is a treaty order with Trimaris, Ansteorra has kept the original registered designator of Order.
Arc: 
We have a French dictionary from 1606 which references arc with the meaning of bow. The full text is included for those interested.
The ARTFL project. University of Chicago.
http://portail.atilf.fr/cgi-bin/getobject_?p.0:44./var/artfla/dicos/TLF_NICOT/IMAGE/
Jean Nicot (1606) THRESOR DE LA LANGUE FRANCOYSE,
header "arche" "m. acut. Est un mot derivé de ce mot arc, et signifie un qui tire et use de l'arc, soit en la guerre ou ailleurs, selon ce on dit, L'homme d'armes avoir tant d'archers. Et parce que les Rois et Princes souverains, et les prevosts de leurs hostels, pour la garde de leurs personnes, ou autrement, se servoient de gens portans arcs, on dit encores aujourd'huy, Archers de la garde, et Archers du Prevost de l'hostel, et Archers de telle ville, jaçoit qu'ils ne portent plus d'arcs, ains des 
Page 42 hallebardes au lieu d'iceux. Et partant au lieu qu'anciennement ils eussent peu raisonnablement estre dits en Latin Sagittarij ou Arcubalistarij, on les pourroit à present appeler hastati, car quant à ce mot Spiculatores, il convient aux seuls cent gentils-hommes de la maison du Roy portans l'Espieu, et de les dire Laterones, ne Satellites, ne custodes, comme aucuns veulent, le premier d'iceux mots n'exprime l'energie du François Archer, le second ne le represente aucunement, et le tiers ne satisfait qu'à ceste adjection de la garde, quand on dit Archer de la garde, voyez Arc." 
The Oxford English Dictionary 2nd ed., Volume 1 s.n. arc gives its origin as Old French 'arc' meaning bow or arch. In 1563 in English arke has the meaning of arch. The earliest use in English was 1386 by Chaucer "to describe the part of a circle through which a heavenly body appears to pass through above the horizon."  This would make the original 'arc' in Old French even older.
d'Or:
History of Orders of Chivalry: a Survey
http://heraldica.org/topics/orders/ordhist.htm
"Ourdre de la Pomme d'Or founded by 14 knights in Auvergne in 1394,"
This gives us construction for Golden Apple in period French.
Kuhn, Sherman M., Middle English Dictionary, University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, 1980. Page 245 s.n. Or comes from Old French meaning gold and is dated in Middle English to 1437.
This was item 1 on the Ansteorra letter of March 24, 2005.
ATENVELDT
Uilliam Ó Cléirigh. Device. Argent, a bend sinister wavy azure, in dexter chief a brown otter statant guardant proper. 
The LoI blazoned the otter as proper. As there is no proper defined for an otter, this is pended to allow the College to conflict check with the otter's tincture - brown - identified.
This was item 83 on the Atenveldt letter of March 30, 2005.
CAID
Adelheit Schwarzenkatze. Device. Or, two cats sejant addorsed regardant, tails entwined, sable and a chief engrailed gules. 
Blazoned on the LoI as Or, two cats sejant addorsed regardant and a chief engrailed gules, the cats are sable, not gules. This is pended to allow the College to conflict check with the correct tinctures. There was some question as to the identifiability of the cats. While not the best drawing of cats, they are sufficiently identifiable to allow registration (barring conflict).
This was item 2 on the Caid letter of March 28, 2005.
Sanchia de Illora. Device change. Argent, a pomegranate gules, in chief five lozenges conjoined in fess sable each charged with a bee Or marked sable. 
Blazoned on the Letter of Intent as Argent, a pomegranate gules, in chief five lozenges conjoined in fess each charged with a bee Or marked sable, the tincture of the lozenges was omitted. We have pended this device to allow the College to research potential conflicts using the correct tinctures.
This was item 30 on the Caid letter of March 28, 2005.
- Explicit –