THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN REGISTERED:

ÆTHELMEARC

Aleksander Regulanka. Name and device. Per bend sable and argent, a decrescent and a hound dormant counterchanged.

Alide van Spaarnwoude. Name and device. Azure, a castle triple-towered and on a chief rayonny argent three trees couped vert.

No documentation was submitted for the spelling of the town Spaarnwoude. However, a websearch revealed a book, Repertorium op de lenen van Gaasbeek (roughly "Catalogue of the lendings from Gaasbeek"), downloadable at http://www.verloren.nl/downloads.php. This site appears to be a scholarly site, and while the names in this work may be normalized, there is no reason to believe that this is the case. This work includes a citation for one Kunigonde, weduwe Gerard van Spaarnwoude "Kunigonde, widow of Gerard van Spaarnwoude" in an entry dated 10-11-1610. This puts the byname in our gray area in a context where the name was highly likely to have existed before 1600.

The submitter requested authenticity for 14th-15th C Holland. However, we were unable to find the byname earlier than the late 16th/early 17th C. Therefore, we are unable to make this name authentic for the requested time period.

Ambros Kyrielle. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Antonius Hasebroek. Name and device. Per pale purpure and Or, a pair of trews potent.

Aranwen verch Rhys ap Gwalter. Name and device. Azure, a pine tree couped and on a chief argent three arrows, points to chief azure.

Submitted as Arianwen verch Rhys ap Gwalter, the spelling Arianwen is a modern revival of a name found in the 5th C. We have no examples of how the name appeared at this time. We did find a form of this name in a 12th C genealogy included in Evans, J. Gwenogvryn, The Text of the Book of Llan Dav; this source shows the spelling Aranwen. Given that this is a name used by humans in a written record, we will give the submitter the benefit of the doubt that the form Aranwen might have been adopted for use in the 12th C as a literary name. Therefore, we have changed the name to Aranwen verch Rhys ap Gwalter in order to register it.

Bj{o,}rn Einarsson. Name and device. Gules, a squirrel per fess Or and azure.

Celine Violier. Name.

Corbinus of Æthelmearc. Name and device. Per saltire vert and argent, in fess two ravens respectant sable.

Deianeira Rodriguez y Aragonés. Name and device. Purpure, on a chevron argent between two bull's heads erased contourny and a demi-sun issuant from base Or three crosses flory sable.

This name uses a literary name from a Latin source that was not written in the country/culture where the rest of the name originated. This is one step from period practice.

The submitter requested authenticity for 15th C Spain. However, the given name is documented from ancient Greek, and is only registerable here because it is found in Latin literature (Ovid) available in Spain in period. Because of this, we are unable to fulfill her request for authenticity.

The byname Aragonés was documented on the LoI from http://www.houseofnames.com/. This site sells modern "family" coats of arms and surname histories which are questionable at best. Information from this site is not suitable for name documentation. However, the commenters noted that Aragonés appears in Juliana de Luna, "Spanish Names from the Late 15th Century."

Eoin of Argyll. Name and device. Per pall Or, sable and purpure, a chief vert.

This name combines Gaelic and Scots; this is one step from period practice.

Eudoxia Antonina. Name and device. Or, an apple tree gules fructed Or, on a chief gules a crescent between two roundels Or.

Faith of Hunter's Home. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Purpure, a cat couchant guardant contourny, a chief indented argent.

Submitted under the name Rayne le Fey.

Finn Folhare. Badge. (Fieldless) A brown ass rampant proper within and conjoined to a joscelyn wreathed gules and ermine belled Or.

Submitted as (Fieldless) An onager..., the term onager applies to a siege engine as well as to a beast. To avoid confusion, we have blazoned the beast as an ass.

Gabrán Glas. Name.

Gillian Llywelyn. Badge. Per pale vert and argent, a stag's head cabossed and in chief a mullet sable.

Grania filia Briani. Name and device. Per fess vert and sable, a winged boar statant argent and a lymphad Or.

Juliana de Duglas. Name.

Katerine Chamberlyne. Name.

Katrina of York. Name and device. Per fess wavy Or and purpure, two dragons sejant counterchanged.

This name is not a conflict with the Princess of the House of York, Katherine of York, because Katherine of York is not important enough to protect. While she is a scion of a noble house, twice betrothed to sovereigns, she didn't actually marry one and become a queen, nor does she appear to have played an influential role in English politics beyond the fact of her birth. She does not have her own entry in Britannica Online nor is she mentioned in the articles on the House of York found there. We must, therefore, conclude that she is not important enough to protect.

Kieran Ursel. Name and device. Vert, a bear rampant argent collared sable between three bezants.

Lodowick of Grays Inn. Badge. (Fieldless) A spiderweb couped purpure.

Luceta di Cosimo. Name and device. Sable, a reremouse between three fleurs-de-lys one and two Or.

The documentation for this name was not adequately summarized. In this case, the source and section where the submitted form was found were the only information in the summarization. It is not enough to provide just the source/section, you must also describe what the source says about the name. In this case, the name was documented from the two de Felice Dizionarios. When sources are not in English, it is also necessary to provide a translation of the appropriate information which was not done in this case. Had the commenters not provided the missing information, we would have been forced to return this name.

Mendel Wisebegere. Name (see RETURNS for device and household name).

According to the Letter of Intent, "The name submission form is absent from the submissions packet." However, a copy of the name form was sent to the Laurel staff in a timely fashion. Had this not been done, we would have been forced to return the name. According to the Administrative Handbook IV.C which says "No submission, including any resubmission, appeal, change or release of a protected item, etc., shall be considered for registration until a complete set of paperwork is provided to the appropriate heraldic officer."

Míchél Ó Murchadha. Name.

Submitted as Míchéal Dúin Gharbhaín Ó Murchadha, the submitter requested authenticity for 16th C Ireland and requested authenticity. A Scottish Gaelic locative byname is highly unlikely in an authentic Irish name. In addition, although Ó Corrain and Maguire, Irish Names, gives Míchéal as the Early Modern Irish form of this name, we have not found this spelling in the available Irish sources. We did find an Irish reference to Michel O Clérigh dated to 1635 in "Betha meic Creiche" (http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/G201012/text019.html). We have changed the name to Míchél Ó Murchadha to fulfill the submitter's request for an authentic 16th C Irish name.

Minamoto no Taikawa Saiaiko. Name.

Pádraig an Fhasaigh. Name and device. Quarterly Or and gules, on a chief sable three harps Or.

Paul Spyke. Device. Gules, on a cross Or a mullet gules, on a chief indented Or two dragons passant respectant gules.

Paul Spyke. Badge. Gules, a tierce Or.

This is clear of Agnes of Ilford, Gules, a triple tressure Or. There is a CD for changing the type of the peripheral ordinary from a triple tressure to a tierce and a second CD for changing the number of peripheral ordinaries from three to one.

Po Silvertop. Name and device. Per chevron azure and sable, a rapier inverted argent and overall an apple Or.

Submitted as Poe Silvertop, Poe was documented as a header form in Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames. Header forms in Reaney and Wilson are only registerable if the spelling is either found in period or consistent with period spellings of that name. This is not the case here. The earliest date we found for the spelling Poe is in Bardsley, A Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames s.n. Poe, who dates this form to 1660. However, Reaney and Wilson give one of the derivations for the spelling Poe as "ME p{o-} 'peacock', used as a personal-name and as a nickname." The Oxford English Dictionary confirms the spelling po and dates its use to at least the 14th C. Therefore, we have changed the name to Po Silvertop to make the spelling consistent with period practice.

Reinhardt Holtgreve. Name and device. Argent, a chevron inverted vert and in chief a pine tree eradicated proper.

Sabrina Godolphin. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Sabrina is the submitter's legal given name.

The submitter requested authenticity for 13th C Britain. However, no documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that the name Sabrina was used by humans in period. Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames s.n. Goldolphin, dates Alexander de Woldholgan to 1201. This would be an appropriate spelling for the byname in an authentic 13th C English name. However, the submitter will not accept changes, so we are unable to change the surname to this spelling.

Safiye bint Kara Sun'üllah. Name.

Nice name!

Shishido Tora. Device. Per chevron gules and argent, a riding snaffle-bit Or and an eagle sable.

A riding snaffle-bit is a period charge as shown Siebmacher, 1605, plate 40, in the arms of von Wierrant: Per fess gules and azure, a snaffle-bit palewise Or. Note that this form of snaffle-bit (unlike the snaffle-bit found in SCA registered armory) is the one found in mundane armory; it is also cited in Parker, p.63 (q.v., Bit), though with no period examples. While no difference is granted between the snaffle-bits, we are blazoning this submission as a riding snaffle-bit so that it may be recreated more easily.

Skjaldv{o,}r Vikarsdóttir. Name and device. Per saltire sable and vert, an opinicus segreant contourny within a bordure argent.

Submitted as Skjaldv{o,}r Vikarsdöttir, the documentation shows the patronymic marker as -dóttir. We have made this change to match the documentation.

Sorcha inghean Airt. Name.

The documentation for this name was not properly summarized. The given name was documented from Ó Corrain and Maguire, Irish Names, but only the source, page number, and a note that this is a header form was included. For this work, it is important to note whether the header form is before or after the colon; this denotes early or later period forms. It is also important to note what the authors say about a name; Ó Corrain and Maguire include legendary names, later forms for names found only in early period, and explicitly modern names. The patronymic is from a site that includes a list of names dated to period, but only the URL for this site was given. When citing websites as documentation, it is important to include the title of the article, and it is a courtesy to include the author's name. Had the commenters not provided the missing information, we would have been forced to return this name.

Thomas Lestrange. Device. Gules, on a chevron between three estoiles Or three lozenges sable.

Þorfinna hrogn Jósepsdóttir. Name.

Tommasa Isolana. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Ulric Wulfricson. Name and device. Sable, a drakkar Or sailed argent within a snake involved in annulo Or.

This name mixes Old English and Middle English; this is one step from period practice.

Una von Rabenwald. Name and device. Per bend gules and sable, a dragon passant and an anvil argent.

Submitted as Una of Rabenwald, the byname mixes English and German in violation of RfS III.1.a Linguistic Consistency. This same rule also says "In the case of place names and other name elements frequently used in English in their original form, an English article or preposition may be used." However, no documentation was submitted or noted by the commenters to show that this is a standard English form for this German placename. Therefore, we have changed the locative preposition to von and registered this name as Una von Rabenwald. This name mixes English and German; this is one step from period practice.

Vladimir Mechnik. Name and device. Sable, two natural panthers combatant and on a point pointed argent a rose sable slipped and leaved vert.

Wentlian Bekelert. Device. Per pale sable and azure, a crescent and a chief invected Or.

AN TIR

Áine ingen uí Rechtabra. Name and device. Per pale purpure and argent, a tree blasted and eradicated counterchanged and an orle vert.

Submitted as Áine inghean uí Reachtabhair, the submitter requested authenticity for 10th-11th C Irish. The patronymic is an Early Modern Irish form, but Middle Irish is the appropriate form for the submitter's desired centuries. The Middle Irish form of Reachtabhar is Rechtabra; the early name is spelled the same in both its nominative or genitive form according to Mari ny Brian, Index of Names in Irish Annals. The patromymic marker inghean uí is also Early Modern Irish; the Middle Irish marker is ingen uí. We have changed this name to Áine ingen uí Rechtabra to fulfill her request for authenticity.

Bordergate, Shire of. Device. Argent, a tower sable within a laurel wreath vert, on a chief sable an estoile Or.

Catherine Townson. Badge. (Fieldless) A popinjay proper.

This is not a conflict with Brian of Leichester, (Fieldless) A dodo close vert armed Or. There is a CD for the difference between a dodo and a popinjay, and another for fieldlessness.

This is not a conflict with Hrefna in heppna Þorgrímsdóttir, (Fieldless) A raven vert. Both popinjays and ravens are period charges and no evidence has been found that the two were interchangeable in period heraldry. We can, in fact, show that when the two birds were rendered by the same artist, pains were taken to keep them distinct. Typical is the Zurich Roll, which has both popinjays (in the arms of Sanct Johann, d'argent au perroquet de sinople acc. de deux etoiles de sable rengees en barre) and crows (in the arms of Schifer, de gueules au chef d'argent charge d'un corbeau de sable). The popinjay's beak is the typical hooked form we associate with parrots, macaws, budgies, etc, while the crow's beak is long and pointy. The popinjay also has a long, pointed tail. The raven has a long but raggedly square tail and a shorter neck than the popinjay. Other examples include the Armorial Bellenville, the Grand Equestrian Armorial, de Bara's Blason des Armoiries, and Siebmacher (von Rabenstein, plate 105, and von Puchenaw, plate 141). While the differences vary from artist to artist, in each case ravens and drawn distinctly different from popinjays.

Both Hrenfa's and Catherine's birds are in their standard period posture (close), are drawn correctly, and there is a visual difference. Thus the criteria laid out by Laurel in the January 2002 Cover Letter are met; we will therefore grant a CD between a raven and a popinjay.

There is still no difference granted between a falcon and raven, nor between a falcon and a popinjay; however, conflict is not transitive and -- until it is shown that popinjays and ravens were interchangeable in period -- we will grant a CD between properly drawn ravens and popinjays.

Edward Little. Device. Azure, seven square buckles, three, three, and one Or.

The submitter has permission to conflict with Medb Liath, Azure, six round buckles Or. While there are no CDs between the two pieces of armory, they are not identical, which is all that Medb's letter required.

Judith of Saint Bunstable. Holding name and device. Per chevron azure and vert, a vol between three estoiles argent.

Her original name, Judith Greanwod, was returned on the July 2005 LoAR which was published in mid-October. While this is two weeks before the date of the Letter of Intent on which the device was submitted, we feel that a two week grace period is not unreasonable. The submitter had no way to know that her name had been returned before submitting her arms and it is possible that the kingdom submissions herald was not aware of the return at the time the An Tir Letter of Intent was published.

Submitted under the name Judith Greanwod.

Keterlin von dem Drachen. Device. Azure, on a chevron cotised between three suns in splendor Or five mullets azure.

Nice armory!

Owain of Aquaterra. Holding name and device. Quarterly Or and azure, in bend two horses salient sable.

We wish to remind the College that there is a CD between brown and sable. This is therefore clear of Cesarina da Napoli, Quarterly argent and vert in bend two brown horses salient proper, with a CD for changes to the field and another for the tincture of the horse.

Submitted under the name Owain Mawr, that name was returned on the December 2005 LoAR for conflict.

Piotr Constantinovich. Device. Per chevron azure and argent, three lozenges counterchanged.

Nice armory!

Sayna de Lincolne. Badge. (Fieldless) A rebec bendwise gules.

Sorcha inghean an tSaoi. Name and device. Quarterly purpure and argent, in bend sinister two unicorns combatant purpure crined Or, a bordure counterchanged.

Originally submitted as Sorcha Mac an tSaoi, the name was changed at kingdom to Sorcha inghean an tSaoi. While this change was necessary to make the name registerable (women's names with patronymic bynames in Gaelic must use the feminine patronymic particle), such a change is a major change which the submitter indicated she would not accept. Consultation with the submitter revealed that she will accept this change. Therefore, we are able to register this. Submissions heralds: if you make a change to a name that is contrary to the wishes of the submitter as indicated on the form, you must have the submitter's permission to do this. If you have the submitter's permission, please indicate this on the LoI. Otherwise, we may be forced to return such names.

Ysabelot Clarisse. Device. Or, a turnip purpure, leaved vert and on a chief gules three bees proper.

Period depictions of turnips show less leaf in proportion to the bulb of the turnip. Blazoned on the LoI as a turnip proper, this turnip is predominantly purpure with a small argent tip. Period heraldic turnips appear to be primarily argent with vert leaves; some emblazons show a purpure cap. Proper for a turnip is the top half of the turnip purpure and the bottom half argent (with a somewhat wavy line of division) with vert leaves; neither the purpure nor the argent should predominate. The argent tip on a purpure turnip need not be blazoned, nor does a purpure cap on an argent turnip as both are considered artistic details. This overturns Laurel's advice from July 1988 when accepting Roger de Bayeux's device: "We would strongly suggest, however, that they be drawn so that the purple portion of the root is predominant."

The turnip leaves should be about a quater to a half of the total charge. Due to the variability in size of the leaves, the tincture of the leaves does not contribute to tincture difference. This is similar to our treatment of a rose's slip and leaves.

Ysabelot Clarisse. Badge. (Fieldless) A turnip bendwise proper.

ANSTEORRA

Ansteorra, Kingdom of. Order name Arc d'Or of Ansteorra.

ARTEMISIA

Lysette Devereux. Name and device. Argent semy-de-lys purpure, on a bend gules three quail palewise argent.

Originally submitted as Lysette Devereaux, the name was changed to Lisette Deuereaus in kingdom to match the documentation available at that time. Siren notes that the article in which the spelling Lisette is found, Talan Gwynek, Late Period Feminine Names from the South of France, has several examples of names where -i and -y are interchanged. This is sufficient to justify the submitted Lysette. The name Devereux is born by the Earl of Essex, Robert Devereux, who lived from 1567-1601. This spelling is found in several publications in the grey area, including a broadsheet published in 1635 titled A lamentable ditty composed vpon the death of Robert Lord Devereux, late earle of Essex who was beheaded in the Tower of London, on Ashwenesday in the morning, 1600. To the tune of Welladay. Therefore, we have changed the name to Lysette Devereux, a form closer to that originally submitted. We note that this name mixes Occitan and English; this is one step from period practice.

One Thousand Eyes, Barony of. Order name Order of the Mirror.

ATENVELDT

Ari Ánsson. Name and device. Argent, in pale two lucies and on a base gules a lucy argent.

Submitted as Ari Ánson, the correct genitive form of Án is Áns. We have changed the name to Ari Ánsson to correct the grammar.

Aziza al-Zarqa'. Name (see RETURNS for badge).

Submitted as Aziza al-Zarqa, the documentation shows the laqab as al-Zarqa'. We have made this change to the name to match the documentation.

Bryn O'Grady. Name and device. Per bend indented gules and Or, a sun and a crescent horns to sinister chief counterchanged.

No documentation was submitted to suggest that the Welsh name Bryn was used in period. However, Bardsley, A Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames s.n. Brine, notes that the name derives from the baptismal name Brien/Bryan and cites Thomas Bryn of Kilkinney in 1586. We feel this is sufficient to demonstrate that this form is consistent with period spellings.

Bryndís Eiríksdóttir. Name and device. Vert, in pale an otter passant and a mastless drakkar reversed argent.

Celestria de Braunston. Name.

Charles Veitch. Device. Vert, a pair of cat's eyes in chevron inverted Or slitted vert, a base indented Or.

While this somewhat has the appearance of a monster's face, the basic emblazon is similar to that returned on the July 2005 LoAR. The reason for return at the time involved the positioning of the cat's eyes. As the submitter has redrawn the eyes to correct the problems noted on the LoAR, we are giving him the benefit of the doubt and registering this.

Cristobal de Luson. Name and device. Barry wavy Or and azure, a spearfish naiant embowed contourny argent and a chief wavy gules.

Nice name!

Blazoned on the LoI as a swordfish, the primary charge is actually a spearfish as shown at http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/fish/Gallery/Descript/WhiteMarlin/WhiteMarlin.html.

Evan Hawkins. Device. Or semy of arrows gules, an alant rampant collared azure.

While the collar is worth no difference, the ring at the back of the collar makes it difficult to identify what is going on. Please advise the submitter to use argent detailing, rather than sable, to help with identification.

Gavin Featherstone. Device. Gules, a Catherine wheel argent and a base wavy barry wavy argent and sable.

Geirríðr in víðf{o,}rla. Device. Bendy sinister Or and sable, three piles issuant from sinister gules.

Imma Kaillewey. Name (See RETURNS for device).

This name combines Dutch and English; this is one step from period practice.

Ingvarr Bjarnarson. Name and device. Per bend sinister vert and sable, a bend sinister between a bear's head cabossed argent and a roundel Or.

Please advise the submitter that the bend should be drawn wider.

Jaspar de Dunkerque. Name and device. Per fess argent and gules, a fleur-de-lys and a frog counterchanged.

Medb McLeod. Name (see RETURNS for device).

This name mixes Gaelic and English. This is one step from period practice.

Nakada Tadamitsu. Name.

Nastas'ia Volkovicha. Name and device. Per pale azure and purpure, two chevronels braced Or and in base a wolf's head erased contourny argent.

Raven Mayne. Badge. Argent semy of ravens volant sable.

Stephan MacAllester of Cork. Name and device. Sable, a smith's hammer Or and a rapier in saltire, a bordure dovetailed argent.

The submitter requested a name authentic for 13-14th C Irish/Scottish. We assume that, since his documentation references Scottish mercenaries who settled in Ulster in the 14th C, that he means a name authentic for such Scottish transplants. The truth is we simply do not have enough information available at this time to guess about such a name. The name is certainly registerable as submitted, but we cannot say whether it is suitable for his particular specifications.

If the submitter is interested in a fully Irish Gaelic form of this name, we suggest Stiamhna Corcaidh mac Alasdair. All parts of this name are found in works published on CELT (http://www.ucc.ie/celt). Stiamhna is found in the Annals of the Four Masters in an entry for 1352. The Annals of Ulster 1465 has mac Alasdair, while Corcaidh is found in entries dating from the 12th to the 16th C in Mac Cartaigh's Book.

Uilliam Ó Cléirigh. Device. Argent, a bend sinister wavy azure, in dexter chief a brown otter statant guardant proper.

Wyllym MacLeod of Tir Ysgithr. Name change from holding name Wyllym of Atenveldt.

ATLANTIA

Aidan of Kingswood. Name and device. Per bend sable and azure, a bend bretessed between three fleurs-de-lys and three bears rampant contourny argent.

Alexander Fowler. Name.

Ana Beig de Rosslyn. Name change from Áine inghean Thaidhg.

Her old name, Áine inghean Thaidhg, is released.

Berley Cort, Shire of. Branch name change from Berley Court, Canton of and device change. Azure, a human head contourny, vested in a jester's hat within a laurel wreath, on a chief indented Or a natural whale naiant to sinister vert.

The old name, Berley Court, Canton of, is released.

The primary charge is not a humpback whale and does not match the documentation supplied. It is however recognizable as a natural whale.

Their old arms, Azure, a human head contourny, vested in a jester's hood within a laurel wreath on a chief indented Or a sperm whale naiant to sinister azure, are released.

Dagobert de Gallia. Device. Per chevron argent and sable, two dragons combatant vert and a thunderbolt argent.

des Iles des Diamants, Canton. Branch name.

Edwin of Warwick. Name.

Gabrielle la Lyonnesa. Badge. Per fess wavy gules and Or, a caravel Or and three ravens sable.

Gerasimos Skleros. Device. Quarterly azure and sable, a bear rampant between in bend a crescent and a goose Or.

The bear is clearly a primary charge between two secondary charges; the bear is twice the size of either the crescent or the goose.

Hafgrim the Grey. Name change from Thomas Jay.

The byname the Grey is a translation of the documented Old Norse byname inn grá. The Old Norse form is found in Geirr Bassi Haraldsson, The Old Norse Name.

His old name, Thomas Jay, is released.

Herriðr Freyugyðja Ögvaldsdóttir. Badge. (Fieldless) A crescent argent and overall a besom Or, hafted proper.

When a besom is blazoned as hafted proper, it means that the handle is wooden and is colored brown.

Isibél an Einigh. Name and device. Azure, an escallop inverted argent between three dragonflies, heads to center, Or.

Johanna von Sudeborn and Richard Wyn. Household name Southwin Lodge.

Submitted as Southwin, the household name lacked a designator, required by the Rules for Submission. After consulting with the submitter, we have changed the name to Southwin Lodge in order to register it.

Marc d'Aubigny. Badge. Per bend sable and Or, a fleur-de-lys Or and a lozenge gules.

Margaret of Hollingford. Badge. (Fieldless) A wreath of holly leaves vert, fructed gules, overall two arrows inverted in saltire Or.

Milisandia uxor Bran. Name and device. Quarterly azure and gules, a natural sea-turtle within an orle Or.

Nichola Blackwell. Name.

Oisséne na Cenn mac Baiscind. Device. Quarterly vert and gules, a raven contourny and in base three bars argent.

Padraig mac Nechtain. Device. Vert, a horse salient to sinister argent, on a chief Or three trefoils vert.

Renard Delacroix. Name and device. Per bend sinister sable and argent, a fox rampant to sinister gules maintaining a staff topped with a cross clechy Or within a bordure semy of crosses clechy counterchanged.

Sajah bint Habushun ibn Ishandiyar al-Hajjaji. Device. Per chevron vert and argent, three crosses fleury argent and a brown hippopotamus statant guardant proper.

Seamus mac Donnchaidh. Name.

CAID

Adelheit Schwarzenkatze. Device. Or, two cats sejant addorsed reguardant, tails entwined sable and a chief engrailed gules.

Angharad de Lambrok. Name.

Augustine von Freiburg. Device change. Per chevron gules and checky sable and argent, a cross formy fitchy and in chief two card-piques Or.

His previous device, Per chevron gules and checky sable and argent, a compass star and in chief two card-piques Or, is retained as a badge.

Catelin Avenel. Name.

Cecilia Lightfoot. Name.

Eliane Duran. Name and device. Azure, a falcon ermine belled and jessed Or.

Nice device!

Gabriel Gunn. Name.

Hew Mar. Name.

This is not a conflict with Hugh Mann. While the given names are equivalent, the difference between Mar and Mann is different enough in sound and appearance that these names do not conflict.

Katayama Chikara. Alternate name Marciano Dragonetti.

Katerina Magdalena Stoianovna. Device. Purpure, five Catherine wheels, three and two, Or.

Nice device. Please advise the submitter that the Catherine wheels should be drawn larger.

Ketill rauðskeggr. Name and device. Azure, three dragons Or and on a chief argent a heart purpure.

Kolfinna k{o,}ttr. Household name Hús Marbæli and badge change. Gules, two maidens statant respectant, the dexter maintaining a bowl of apples and the sinister maintaining a drinking horn argent.

Submitted as Marbæli, this household name was missing the required designator. RfS III.2.b says "Branch names, names of orders and awards, heraldic titles, and household names must consist of a designator that identifies the type of entity and at least one descriptive element." As the household name is Old Norse, we have registered this as Hús Marbæli; Hús is the Icelandic word for house according to Cleasby/Vigfusson, An Icelandic English Dictionary.

The submitter releases her previously registered badge, Azure, on a bend cotised argent three crescents palewise gules, in sinister chief a natural tiger rampant argent marked sable. We remind submission heralds that information such as this should be included on the LoI. The release was clearly indicated on the submission form, allowing the new badge to be registered as her fourth piece of armory.

Kymme filia Merlin. Name and device. Argent, a merlin migrant purpure marked argent in chief three fir trees couped vert.

Originally submitted as Kymme filia Merlin, the name was changed at kingdom to Cymme filia Merlin to match the available documentation. However, Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames s.n. Kemm, shows John Kymme in 1276. As this supports the submitted spelling, we have changed the name back to the originally submitted form.

Máirghréad NicClurain. Name.

Submitted as Máirghréad NicChlurain, the patronymic was justified via the grandfather clause: the submitter is the daughter of Gabrielle NicClurain (registered June 1976.). However, the grandfathered form is NicClurain, not NicChlurain. Without reference to the grandfathered form, the patronymic is not registerable, since it mixes Gaelic and Anglicized Gaelic in a single name phrase. We have changed the name to Máirghréad NicClurain to make it registerable via the grandfather clause.

Miros{l/}awa z Gosprzydowy. Device. Vert, a lily of the valley plant Or flowered argent and a tierce Or.

Randvér brotamaðr. Name and device. Azure, two poleaxes in saltire Or and on a base argent a dragon dormant gules.

Sadb ingen Abner uí Lorccáin. Name.

Sanchia de Illora. Device change. Argent, a pomegranate gules, in chief five lozenges conjoined in fess sable each charged with a bee Or marked sable.

Her previous device, Per bend argent and sable, three roses proper and three bees Or, is retained as a badge.

Stiamna Gruamda. Name.

Submitted as Stiamna Gruamdha, the submitter requested authenticity for 11th C and accepted minor changes. We have been unable to locate any examples of the name Stiamna in Ireland before 1302. Indeed, Ó Corrain and Maguire, Irish Names s.n. Stiamna, say that the name is a borrowing of the Biblical Stephen, brought to Ireland by the Normans. This makes it unlikely that it was found in the 11th C in Ireland. However, the submitted spelling is Middle Irish, which is the appropriate form for the 11th C. The Dictionary of the Irish Language, s.n. Gruamda, shows gruamda as the Middle Irish spelling for this word. However, we have no examples of the word used as a byname until the 15th C. We have changed the name to Stiamna Gruamda, a fully Middle Irish form of this name consistent for the 11th C. However, because we have no actual 11th C examples of the names, we cannot make this name truly authentic for that century. If the submitter is interested in an authentic Irish name appropriate to the 14th-15th C, we suggest Stiamhna Gruamdha. Stiamhna is the Early Modern Irish form of this name and is found in The Annals of the Loch Ce in 1349.

CALONTIR

Brynach MacCallum. Reblazon of device. Azure, in fess a needle Or sustained by a bear rampant argent vested in a fool's motley lozengy Or and gules.

Registered in August 1985 with the blazon Azure, a bear rampant argent vested in a fool's motley lozengy Or and gules, grasping in both forepaws a needle point to base Or, the needle is as large as the bear making it a sustained charge. We have reblazoned the device to indicate this. As needles are palewise point to base by default, this need not be blazoned.

This reblazon was inadvertendly left out of the January 2006 LoAR. It was referenced in the registration of a device for Kay Adde.

DRACHENWALD

Robin Bowman. Name.

Sofia da Negroponte. Name.

LOCHAC

Clovis Tacitus. Name and device. Argent, a rustre ployé throughout, a bordure vert.

Submitted as Clovis Virius Tacitus, the given name was documented as Carolingian, but the formation was based on the classical Roman tria nomina. No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that the tria nomina style of naming was used by the Carolingians. However, there is ample evidence of Carolingian names consisting of a given name and a cognomen of some sort recorded in Latin. The submitter only accepted minor changes but specifically allowed dropping the element Virius. We have changed the name to Clovis Tacitus in order to register it.

The name Clovis Tacitus is a fully Latin version of a name that might have been used by a Carolingian. However, the spelling Clovis is a later Latin form of a name found in Latin documents in the 5th and 6th C as Chlodovechus. If the submitter is interested in a Latin form of the name appropriate to the Carolingian period, we suggest Chlodovechus Tacitus.

Iosbail inghean Mhartainn mhic Dhonnchaidh. Name.

Submitted as Iosbail inghean Mhartainn mhic Donnchaidh, Gaelic grammar requires that the second patronymic be lenited. We have changed the name to Iosbail inghean Mhartainn mhic Dhonnchaidh to correct the grammar.

Konrad von Strassburg. Device. Per bend sinister embattled argent and sable, an eagle sable within a bordure counterchanged.

Leifr Hrafnsson. Name.

Ludwig von Lichtenstein. Name.

MERIDIES

Aidan of Marion Glen. Name and device. Or, a wolf passant vert and on a chief indented azure three lozenges Or.

Alicia of Dunbar. Household name House Zephyr.

Bronwen of Lakeland. Name and device. Vert, in bend two plates, each charged with a raven contourny perched atop and supported by an arrow fesswise sable.

Bronwen is SCA-compatible.

Elias Cameron of Black Isle. Name and device. Sable, on a bend sinister Or between two towers argent a feather gules.

Submitted as Elijah Cameron of Black Isle, the submitter requested authenticity for 15th-16th C Scottish and accepted minor changes. Black, The Surnames of Scotland, s.n. Elias, states that Elias is "a favorite personal name in the Middle Ages." It is the Scottish cognate of Elijah, and Black dates the spelling Elyas to 1307 and Elias to 1509. We have changed the name to Elias Cameron of Black Isle to partially meet the submitter's request for authenticity. The locative of Black Isle was constructed as an English placename. We would drop this element to make the name authentic, but the submitter will not accept major changes.

Please advise the submitter that the towers should be drawn larger and with flat bases.

Eoin mac Lochlainn. Device. Per saltire sable and azure, in pale two cranes in their vigilance and in fess two triquetrae argent.

Estienne de Sancto Leodegario. Device. Sable, a stag statant contourny Or.

Nice, simple armory!

Gysela von Diffinbach. Device (see RETURNS for name change). Per fess gules and sable, a Continental panther rampant argent incensed atop a demi-wheel issuant from base Or.

Nice German armory to match the name.

Helen Hawksworth. Name change from Roscelin of Hawkhaven.

Her old name, Roscelin of Hawkhaven, is released.

The documentation for this name was not adequately summarized. The documentation for the both name elements was described only by the source name and page number. It is important to give not only this information but also to say what the work says about the name. This is especially important with the standard dictionaries of English names, which give a variety of spellings with a variety of dates and also include explicitly modern names. When summarizing from these works, it is important to provide dates for particular spellings as well as other relevant information about the name. Had the commenters not provided the missing information, we would have been forced to return this.

Helga in digra. Name.

Hugo Aldinoch. Name.

Nice name!

Icorigas filius Cunacenni. Name and device. Per bend vert and sable, a bull statant within an orle of thorn vine argent.

Blazoned on the LoI as per pale, enough commenters noted that the field is actually per bend that this can be registered.

Isabella a le Broke. Name and device. Purpure, on a bend cotised between two butterflies Or three annulets purpure.

Listed on the LoI as Isabella a le Brok, both the forms and the documentation showed Isabella a le Brok'. The k' is a scribal abbreviation; it is most likely an abbreviation for Broke. Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames s.n. Brook, has William de la Broke 1208, Peter Attebroke 1262, and William in le Broke 1317. We have changed the name to Isabella a le Broke to reflect the most likely expansion of the submitted scribal abbreviation. We note that the same entry in Reaney and Wilson has Eustace delbroc 1130 and Sara Bithebrok 1327. Therefore, while, in this case, we believe that the expanded form is in keeping with the submitter's wishes, Isabella a le Brok is also consistent with period spellings of this name.

Please advise the submitter to draw the butterflies larger.

Marco capitaneus. Name and device. Per chevron argent and azure, two natural dolphins naiant to sinister chief sable and a mermaid argent crined sable maintaining in her sinister hand a wooden tankard proper.

There was some question whether the byname capitaneus is presumptuous. We believe that, by itself, it is not. When combined with a locative, the name is a claim to a form of rank, but by itself, it appears to have evolved into an ordinary surname. The surnames list from "FLORENTINE RENAISSANCE RESOURCES:Online Tratte of Office Holders 1282-1532" (http://www.stg.brown.edu/projects/tratte/doc/SURNAM1.html) gives 15 examples of the Italian form of the byname: Capitani.

Morfydd ferch Bronwen. Household name House of the White Mask and badge. (Fieldless) An enfield rampant within and conjoined to an annulet purpure maintaining in its sinister talon a mask of comedy argent.

The submitter requested an authentic Welsh household name. However, the pattern used for this submission was for an English inn sign. While this is a lovely English inn sign name, no documentation was submitted and none supplied by the commenters to suggest whether inn signs names were found in Welsh and, if so, whether they used English inn sign name patterns. According to Heather Rose Jones, "Period Welsh Models for SCA Households and the Nomenclature Thereof" (http://www.heatherrosejones.com/welshhouseholdname/professions.html), it is unlikely that this represents a true Welsh style name. In this article, she notes:

This was one area where lack of time has prevented me from extensive exploration. The only reference by name that I have found to an institution of this type is in an English translation of a 15th century poem by Gwerfyl Mechain which refers to a tavern called "the Ferry". [Jones 1977 p.66] Inns, like towns in general, would have been an English introduction in Wales.

Lacking information about such names, we are unable to make this an authentic Welsh inn sign name or even say whether such names would be authentic for Wales.

Morgina d'Anjou. Badge. Sable, three escallops Or.

Nice armory!

This is clear of Anne of Darkwater, Sable, in pall inverted three escallops hinges to center Or. There is a CD under RfS X.4.g for the arrangement on the field and another under RfS X.4.h for the change orientation of the escallops -- in Anne's registered armory, none of the escallops are in the default orientation (palewise, hinge to chief) and in Morgina's armory all three are in the default orientation.

Oriel d'Abernon. Name.

Ragngeirr assabana. Name and device. Per fess gules and vert, a spear and in canton an eagle Or.

Submitted as Ragnageirr assabana, all examples of Old Norse names using the protheme Ragna drop the final a. We have changed the name to Ragngeirr assabana to reflect period usage.

Rhiannon Negeswr. Name and device. Per saltire azure and sable, a lion dormant ermine.

Rhiannon is SCA-compatible.

Rosina von Schaffhausen. Name and device. Azure, a pile issuant from sinister base purpure fimbriated Or.

This name combines Italian and German; this is one step from period practice.

Sabyn Pestel. Name.

Saxsa Corduan. Device. Gules, a cat statant argent pellety, a bordure embattled argent.

Sibella Denton. Name and device. Sable, a lion sejant erect contourny maintaining in its forepaws a snake erect and on a chief embattled argent three cinquefoils azure.

Thomas von Lübeck. Name reconsideration from Thomas van Lubeck and device. Azure, a bear couchant guardant argent within a double tressure Or.

This action was incorrectly labelled as a name resubmission. The submitter's previous name submission had been changed to Thomas van Lubeck to fulfill a request for authenticity and registered. The Administrative Handbook IV.f states:

A submitter may request reconsideration of changes made as a result of a request for authenticity in a name submission. All requests must either: (a) be supported by new documentation supporting the original name as complying with the requested authenticity, (b) submit a timely request for a name based on information provided in Laurel's decision, or (c) include a request that the original name be considered with no request for authenticity. Such reconsideration may be considered with the standards in effect at the time of the request. Requests for reconsideration must be submitted through the appropriate heraldic officers specified for such actions by the submitter's kingdom of residence. Such officers must forward the request in a timely manner, with or without recommendations, to Laurel. Requests for Reconsideration will be considered "resubmissions" for the purposes of section IV.D, Payment of Fees.

In this case, the originally submitted form was registerable but not authentic. In this reconsideration, the submitter removed the request for the name to be made authentic.

His old name, Thomas van Lubeck, is released.

Tristram Jager von Bonn. Name.

Submitted as Tristram Jager von Bonne, the source from which the last element was documented, Bahlow/Gentry, German Names s.n. Bonne, describes the name Bonne as a patronymic rather than a placename. It is not appropriate to use the locative preposition von with a patronymic byname. Had the documentation been summarized properly, this problem would have been readily apparent.

For von Bonne to be registerable, we would need documentation for Bonne as a placename. An examination of the "Circulus Westphalicus, sive Germaniæ Inferioris" map from the Blaeu Atlas (http://www.library.ucla.edu/yrl/reference/maps/blaeu/) shows a city named Bonn. Since the atlas was published in 1647, this puts the spelling of the city name in the grey area. We have changed the name to Tristram Jager von Bonn in order to register it.

The documentation for this submission was not adequately summarized. The summarization consisted of the name of the source and the page number where the name was found. It is important to tell the commenters not just where the name was found but also why the name should be registered. For this, you need to tell what the source has to say about the name, included dates and, for some bynames, etymology. If the college had not provided this information, we would have been forced to return this name.

Xanthe Yfantes. Name (see RETURNS for device).

MIDDLE

Artair Mac Neacail. Device. Argent, a bear's head couped contourny within a bordure invected sable.

Please advise the submitter to draw the line of division deeper.

Áth Dreagain, Canton of. Branch name.

Birna Gunnlaugsdóttir. Name and badge. Per bend sinister argent and azure, a tankard and a crescent counterchanged.

Farþegn Rinksson. Name and device. Argent, on a pile between two lozenges azure, a lozenge argent.

Submitted as Farþegn Rinkson, the grammar of the patronymic is incorrect; the name is in the nominative rather than the correct genitive form. We have changed the name to Farþegn Rinksson to correct the grammar.

Francesca Ambrogini. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Margyt Withycombe. Device. Purpure, a horse's head couped and in canton a mullet argent.

Minikeia gunê Baramos. Name.

Osric Eadweardes sunu. Name and device. Per bend sinister purpure and sable, in pale a chimera passant contourny and a chimera passant, each tail ending in a serpent's head, Or.

Ruthardus Hruga. Device. Per pale sable and Or, a bird displayed and in base a sun between two crescents, two and one, all counterchanged.

Please advise the submitter to draw the sun larger.

Vhram Basenac`i. Name and device. Or, three boar's heads erased close, one and two, and on a point pointed gules a rose Or.

Submitted as Vhram Basenac`I, the submitted documentation showed the last letter as a lowercase i. We have changed the name to Vhram Basenac`i to match the documentation.

SIREN

Berwick Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Besource Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Beul Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Beyren Herald. Release of heraldic title.

Bien Alaunt Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Blanc Coursier Herald. Release of heraldic title.

Blanch Coursier Herald. Release of heraldic title.

Blanch Lyverer Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Blanchlyverer Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Blanquefort Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Bon Espoir Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Bon Rapport Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Bon Temps Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Bonaventure Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Bonespoir Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Bontemps Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Boulogne Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

TRIMARIS

Angelique Doucette. Name.

Aonghas of Rannachmoor. Name and device. Per pale gules and sable, a deer's attires and a chief embattled argent.

This name combines Gaelic and Scots; this is one step from period practice.

Decimus Aurelius Gracchus. Name and badge (see RETURNS for device). Argent, a crab tergiant inverted azure sustaining a trident fesswise reversed sable.

There was some question as to the registerability of a crab inverted. Laurel has previously ruled:

A significant number of commenters felt that inverting a tergiant charge which is commonly found as tergiant (such as a tergiant scorpion or a frog) does not hamper the identifiability of the charge so much as to render it unidentifiable, and they felt that it should be acceptable. The frog in this submission certainly retains its identifiability very clearly in the inverted posture. As a result, inverting a tergiant charge is acceptable as long as it does not otherwise violate any basic heraldic principles, including the requirement for identifiability. Because of the lack of period evidence for tergiant inverted charges, the posture will be considered a clear step from period practice (also known informally as a "weirdness") for any charge that cannot be found in this posture in period. [George Anne, 05/02, A-Æthelmearc]

The crab in this submission certainly retains its identifiability very clearly in the inverted posture and is acceptable, though a step from period practice.

Elysant de la Vallette. Device. Azure, on a chevron between three crescents argent a lymphad, sails unfurled, sable.

Please advise the submitter that the entire chevron should be the same width.

Hrothgar feilan. Name and device. Argent, two swords and a bow and arrow reversed azure, on a chief vert a wolf's head cabossed argent.

This name mixes Old English and Old Norse; this is one step from period practice.

Jutte Heberleins. Name and device. Gules, a bend engrailed between a garb and an escallop Or.

Marcaster, Shire of. Badge. Azure, issuant from the battlements of a demi-tower a beacon Or enflamed proper, a tierce wavy paly wavy argent and azure.

Marcaster, Shire of. Badge. Azure, a brazier Or enflamed proper, a tierce wavy paly wavy argent and azure.

Marcaster, Shire of. Badge. Azure, issuant from the battlements of a demi-tower a banner Or, a tierce wavy paly wavy argent and azure.

Marcaster, Shire of. Badge. Azure, a natural fountain Or, a tierce wavy paly wavy argent and azure.

This is the shire's fourth piece of armory. They will not be able to register a device without releasing one of the badges registered on this letter.

Miriam Hauke. Name and device. Per bend azure and purpure, on a bend argent three feathers reversed sable.

Trimaris, Kingdom of. Order name Order of the Golden Lance of Trimaris.

The submitters have included a document from the Kingdom of Ansteorra allowing them permission to conflict with the regisgtered order name Golden Lance of Ansteorra.

Valgard Gunnarsson. Name change from Valgard inn Rauði.

His old name, Valgard inn Rauði, is released.

WEST

Andrea of Wolfscairn. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per bend sinister wavy azure and argent, a unicorn rampant to sinister argent, armed, crined and tailed Or and a heart gules.

Submitted under the name Colleen of Bannockburn.

Eyvindr Gunnarsson. Name and device. Per pale sable and gules, a mullet of seven points within seven roundels in annulo all within an orle Or.

Sarra Greyhand. Name and device. Azure, a dragon couchant to sinister argent maintaining an open book Or, a bordure argent mulletty of six points azure.

Solveig of Mountains Gate. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Or, three rams statant sable.

Blazoned on the LoI as Icelandic sheep, we do not normally make this level of distinction. The submitter's documentation indicates that some varieties of Icelandic sheep are horned while others are polled or unhorned. We decline to blazon to the level horned Icelandic sheep; blazoning this as a ram will reproduce something identifiably similar to the submitted emblazon.

Submitted under the name Solveig sauðamaðr.

Umm Jibril Munisa bint al-Nadr. Name and device. Per fess gules and azure, a dance and in base three roundels Or.

Wilhelm von der Grün. Name.

- Explicit littera accipendorum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN RETURNED FOR FURTHER WORK:

ÆTHELMEARC

Ambros Kyrielle. Device. Per chevron purpure and Or, a chevron rompu counterchanged.

This is returned for a redesign. The counterchanging makes the chevron hard to identify and gives the overall impression of modern art (thus violating RfS VIII.4.d -- Obtrusive Modernity -- Modern Style) rather than period heraldry.

Dragomir von Litwa. Name.

The locative byname combines a German preposition with a modern Polish placename. This violates RfS III.1.a which says, "Each phrase must be grammatically correct according to the usage of a single language." Originally submitted as Drogomir von Litwin, the name was changed at kingdom because Litwin was an ethnic byname; using the preposition von with an ethnic byname is not grammatically correct. The submitter would not accept major changes. While it is clear a change was need to make the name registerable, the chosen change introduced a second returnable problem. In addition, it changed the language of a name element, which is also a major change. We remind submissions heralds that, when faced with a name from a submitter who will not accept major changes, which is not registerable without dropping an element, it is always appropriate to contact the submitter, explain the problem, and ask whether they will accept a specific change. If they will not accept a specific change, it is your job to return the name.

The submitter noted an interest in a 13th C Polish name. Nebuly provides a suggestion for a reasonable 13th/14th C Polish form for this name:

As for the given name, the submitted spelling Dragomir is a transliteration of a Russian form. Combining German and Russian counts as a step from period practice, and will not result in a 13th century Polish name as desired by the submitter. The period Polish spelling is Drahomir in Polish contexts and Drogomir in Latin contexts (SSNO, s.n. Drogomir).

...For resubmission, I recommend the form Drahomir Litwin. The Polish form of the byname meaning "Lithuanian" is evidenced in the citation of Niczko Litwin dated 1389 (SSNO, s.n. Litwin).

The source cited by Nebuly is Taszycki, Witold (ed.), S{l/}ownik Staropolskich Nazw Osobowych (Dictionary of Old Polish Personal Names), vols. I-VII.

Faílenn de Céarsaigh. Device change. Per pale azure and argent, a vol counterchanged.

This is returned for a visual conflict under RfS X.5 with Bjarni Ander, Per pale azure and argent, a horse's head erased and sinister facing within a pair of wings, conjoined and displayed, all counterchanged. While technically clear for removing the primary horse's head, the large size of the vol and the small size of the horse's head creates an overwhelming visual resemblance between these two pieces of armory.

Gabriela von Litwa. Name.

The locative byname combines a German preposition with a modern Polish placename. This violates RfS III.1.a which says, "Each phrase must be grammatically correct according to the usage of a single language." Originally submitted as Gabriela von Litwin, the name was changed at kingdom because Litwin was an ethnic byname; using the preposition von with an ethnic byname is not grammatically correct. The submitter would not accept major changes. While it is clear a change was need to make the name registerable, the chosen change introduced a second returnable problem. In addition, it changed the language of a name element, which is also a major change. We remind submissions heralds that, when faced with a name from a submitter who will not accept major changes, which is not registerable without dropping an element, it is always appropriate to contact the submitter, explain the problem, and ask whether they will accept a specific change. If they will not accept a specific change, it is your job to return the name.

In addition, no documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that Gabriela is a reasonable feminine Polish or Russian given name. In this case Gabriel was documented as a masculine Polish and Russian name. While there are languages that create feminine forms of some masculine names by appending an -a, this only happens in very specific cases for Russian names, and the submitter and commenters have not demonstrated a pattern for this in Polish names. We note that there are registerable forms of the given name. The Saint Gabriel report # 2491 mentions Gabrielle as a 16th C French name (Perouas, L., B. Barrière, B., J. Boutier; J.-C. Peyronnet, & J. Tricard, Léonard, Marie, Jean et les Autres: Les Prénoms en Limousin depuis un Millénaire) and both Gabriella and Gabbriella in the 15th and 16th C in Italy (De Felice, Emidio, Dizionario dei Nomi Italiani). This means these spellings are registerable in names whose language is registerable with French or Italian names. They would, for example, be registerable as part of a German name (the submitted byname was originally documented from a German source). We note that names combining Polish and Italian are not registerable. There is no ruling on French and Polish at this time, but substantial contact between the two cultures would need to be demonstrated to make such a combination registerable.

Mendel Wisebegere. Device. Per chevron vert semy of cogwheels Or and argent, two open books argent and a right triangle voided vert.

This device is returned as no evidence has been found of triangles in period heraldry; we permit them by analogy to delfs, lozenges, and other simple geometric figures. But we've never blazoned the type of triangle: not equilateral or scalene or isosceles or whatever. This must be blazoned a right triangle in order for the emblazon to be recreated; however, without evidence that a right triangle is a period charge - or at least that triangles are period heraldic charges, a right triangle is not registerable. It appears that the submitter is interested in the allusion to engineering; we suggest that he consider the period heraldic charge of a set-square or a carpenter's square. A set-square is found in the arms of Winklet (Siebmacher, 161). A carpenter's square is found in on p. 302 of Guillim and p. 549 of Parker.

The cogwheels are borderline acceptable; on resubmission please make the embattlements deeper to aid in identification.

Mendel Wisebegere. Household name Schmiedekamp Haus.

No forms were included with this submission. As such we are forced to return it. According to the Administrative Handbook IV.C "No submission, including any resubmission, appeal, change or release of a protected item, etc., shall be considered for registration until a complete set of paperwork is provided to the appropriate heraldic officer."

Rayne le Fey. Name.

This name gives the appearance of being a claim to be "queen of the fairies". While this is not a true translation of this name, Rayne is derived from "Fr Reine, Lat Regina 'queen'", according to Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames. Several of the commenters mistranslated this name as "queen of the fairies", while others noted that although that was not the translation, it still pushed their "presumption" buttons. Only one commenter noted this was not a problem. Given the high degree of feeling here, we must return this as a presumptuous claim.

Her arms were registered under the holding name Faith of Hunter's Home.

Sabrina Godolphin. Device. Azure, a unicorn salient contourny, in chief five crosses clechy Or.

No forms were included this submission. As such we are forced to return it. According to the Administrative Handbook IV.C "No submission, including any resubmission, appeal, change or release of a protected item, etc., shall be considered for registration until a complete set of paperwork is provided to the appropriate heraldic officer."

Tommasa Isolana. Device. Purpure, a bird of paradise displayed, head to sinister, Or, on a chief argent a sword sable.

This device is returned for being two steps from period practice. No documentation was provided for a bird of paradise as a period heraldic charge. Commenters provided evidence that birds of paradise were known in period; however, as non-European birds their use as heraldic charges is one step from period practice. We wish to remind the College that, per the January 2000 Cover Letter, the use of any bird displayed other than an eagle is considered one step from period practice. Thus this device is two steps from period practice and must be returned. We would have reblazoned this as a Russian firebird; however, the Russian firebird is a period artistic element not a heraldic charge and thus its use is also one step from period practice and the device would still be two steps from period practice.

AN TIR

Rauþúlfr inn Orþstóri. Device. Or, a valknut bendwise vert within a wingless dragon in annulo purpure.

This device is returned for multiple reasons. A valknut is a period artistic design, not a period heraldic charge. It is registerable but -- as with any other charge -- it must be recognizable. Rotating the valknut from its standard palewise (or palewise inverted) orientation severely reduces its recognizability and is sufficient grounds for return regardless of any other problems with this design.

For purposes of SCA heraldry, a valknut is three voided triangles interlaced. The triangles in the submitted emblazon are not voided, nor are they really interlaced. The triangles are fracted (broken) in various places and the "voiding" is a thin line, abstract design on a non-identifiable underlying charge. This is also sufficient grounds for return.

Please advise the submitter that if he wishes to resubmit a similar design, that a standard depiction of a valknut in a palewise or palewise inverted orientation must be used.

ANSTEORRA

None.

ARTEMISIA

Alessandra da Firenze. Name.

Conflict with Alessandro di Firenze, registered in September 1992. The names are too close in both sound and appearance. The only change in the given name is the final vowel, -a to -o; the only other difference in the name the -a to -i in the preposition.

ATENVELDT

Aziza al-Zarqa'. Badge. (Fieldless) A tulip gules slipped and leaved vert within and conjoined to the horns of a decrescent Or.

This is returned for redraw. The tulip is barely touching the decrescent; barely conjoined charges have long been grounds for return. In addition, the tulip is neither palewise nor bendwise. On resubmission, please advise the submitter to draw the decrescent fatter.

Imma Kaillewey. Device. Per pale indented gules and purpure, a needle bendwise sinister argent.

This device conflicts with Adrienne de la Montagne, (Fieldless) A sewing needle bendwise sinister argent doubly-threaded vert and purpure piercing a bead sable. The bead is a maintained charge, thus there is a single CD for fieldlessness. The LoI noted that a letter of permission to conflict was included - it was not, therefore this must be returned.

While precedent states "By long-standing precedent we do not allow a charge to overlap a low contrast complex line of division except when the overlap is so small that the line of division is not obscured. [Matilda Merryweather, 07/00, R-Ansteorra]". In this case, the needle is thin enough that it does not obscure the line of division and thus would be registerable.

Medb McLeod. Device. Per saltire Or and gules, in pale two lotus blossoms in profile and in fess two dragonflies counterchanged.

This is returned for redraw. The majority of the commenters, and all of those present at the Estrella roadshow, were unable to identify the lotus blossoms as such.

ATLANTIA

Janina Krakowska. Device change. Sable mulletty, a jara rune within a bordure denticulada argent.

The submitter requested that if this could not be blazoned as a bordure compony that it be returned. If the bordure is compony this must be returned for having a mullet overlying the bordure. This must therefore be blazoned as a bordure denticulada and is returned as the submitter requested. The submitter has been informed that it is the emblazon that is registered, not the blazon, but she still is unwilling to accept a blazon with denticulada in it. We ask the College to be certain to inform submitters that it is the emblazon that is registered and that the blazon armory is accepted under may be changed in the future.

A bordure compony is a two-tinctured bordure with a plain line of partition (as opposed to an embattled line of partition). This plain line of partition is obvious when the bordure compony does not share one of its tinctures with the field. It's less obvious when one of the tinctures in the compony is shared with the field, but the straight line of partition is still there. The straight outline of the compony bordure is often depicted in emblazons as an artistic detail.

A bordure denticulada is a single-tinctured bordure with a complex line of partition which takes the embattled line of partition to an extreme. In this bordure, the inside portion of the embattled line is the edge of the shield, giving the apparance of separated "teeth".

Because a bordure denticulada is a type of embattled bordure, the spaces between the embattlements are part of the field. A charge on the field may extend into the space between the embattlements without overlying the bordure, just as charges are routinely drawn as extending into the spaces between the indentations of an indented chief without overlying the chief. A bordure compony may share a tincture with the field but it is not part of the field, thus a charge on the field may not extend into the space between portions of the bordure without overlying the bordure.

Conditional submissions, and withdrawals, are generally unacceptable. However, in this case the wording for the letter of withdrawal was suggested by Wreath and will be honored.

CAID

Bjorn Einarsson. Name.

Conflict with Bj{o,}rn Einarsson, registered this month from the Æthelmearc LoI. When two items submitted the same month conflict, the membership status of each submitter is checked. In this case, both submitters were members both now and at the time the items were submitted. In that case, the dates of the letters of intent on which the names appeared are considered. In this case, the Æthelmearc letter was dated October 25, while the Caid letter was dated October 26. Therefore, the earlier letter gets preference for purposes of breaking the tie for registration.

Catherine le Guste. Name.

Conflict with Katarina la Juste, registered November 1999. Catherine and Katarina are variant spellings of the same name as are le Guste and le Juste.

Cynthia de Wickersham. Alternate name Véný Smiðsdóttír.

The byname does not follow a known naming pattern for Old Norse. The name Smiðsdóttír, meaning "daughter of the smith", creates a patronymic using an occupational term rather than a given name. This practice is unattested in Old Norse. Barring documentation of patronymics formed using an occupational term or a nickname, such names cannot be registered. We would drop the -dóttír and register this as Véný smiðr, "Véný the smith", but the submitter will not accept major changes.

Signý Þorskafjarðargyðja. Name.

This name is a claim to be the ruler of Þorskafjarð. According to Cleasby, An English Icelandic Dictionary s.n. GOÞI:

The Norse chiefs who settled in Icel., finding the country uninhabited, solemnly took possession of the land (land-mini, q. v.); and in order to found a community they built a temple, and called themselves by the name of goði or hof-goði, ' temple-priest;' and thus the temple became the nucleus of the new community, which was called goðorð, n. :-- hence hof-goði, temple-priest, and höfð-ingi, chief, became synonymous, vide F^b. passim. Many independent goðar and goðorð sprang up all through the country, until about the year 930 the alþingi (q. v.) was erected, where all the petty sovereign chiefs (goðar) entered into a kind of league, and laid the foundation of a general government for the whole island.

The word gyðja is the feminine form for goði.

We would change this name to Signý Þorskafjarðarska (Signý, the woman from Codfish Fjord) or Signý í Þorskafjarðar (Signý in Codfish Fjord), but these are both major changes which the submitter will not allow. Therefore, we are forced to return this name.

CALONTIR

None.

DRACHENWALD

None.

LOCHAC

Southron Gaard, Barony of. Augmentation. Gules, a tower Or within a laurel wreath, in chief three mullets argent, all within a bordure embattled Or and for augmentation, on a canton azure four crescents conjoined in saltire points outward argent.

Unfortunately, this must be returned for redraw. The base device does not match the barony's current device, Gules, a tower Or, the base environed of a laurel wreath, in chief three mullets argent, all within a bordure embattled Or, which means that this is a change of device as well as an augmentation. This is a much better design than their current device and we encourage the barony to submit a device change to match the base emblazon submitted here along with the resubmission of the augmentation.

This is an acceptable form of augmentation, even though one of the mullets is obscured.

MERIDIES

Boltr Ísólfsson. Name.

This name consists of two bynames and no given names. The source cited by the submitted documentation for the name Boltr, Fellows-Jensen, Scandinavian Personal Names in Lincolnshire and Yorkshire, says this about the name:

in Boltebi DB (Boltby, Birdforth W, N) PNYN 198 An orig by.n. "bolt", cf. the Mod Icel meaning "bundle" and the Shetland dialect word meaning "fat, lumpy figure". A number of instances are recorded in WScand (Lind BN 35-36)

Lind BN is Norsk-isländska personbinamn från medeltiden; samlade ock utgivna med förklaringar, but all examples from the entry in this work show the name as a byname. About the placename Boltebi, Ekwall, An Oxford Dictionary of English Placenames, s.n. Boltby, says "'Bolt's BY' Boltr is a common ON byname." As there are a fair number of examples of Old Norse placenames deriving from the byname of the owner or settler of the property, there is no reason to believe that this is an example of a placename formed from a given name rather than from a byname. If the submitter is interested in a similar sounding given name, we suggest Bolli, which is found in Haraldsson, The Old Norse Name. However, this would be a major change as it changes more than half the characters in the name and significantly changes the sound of the name. As the submitter will not accept major changes, we are unable to change this name to make it registerable.

Gysela von Tiefenbach. Name change from Gysela von Diffinbach.

No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that the spelling Tiefenbach is a found in period, or that it is consistent with period German spellings. Although the submitter asserts that the spelling Tiefenbach is found in Brechenmacher, Etymolojsches Worterbach de Deustchen Familiennemen c. 1200, in fact Tiefenbach is the header spelling. The dated forms found in this entry are Diffinbach, 1200, and der Teuffenpeche, 1295. The summarization said "Submitter cites references to statements in primary sources,". However, no copies of such sources were provided, and the quotes cited as examples are clearly from modern sources. Albion notes the spelling Tyffenpach in 1497, and Blaue's Atlas notes the placename as Teufpach in 1647. Any of these forms would be registerable in place of the already registered Diffinbach. As the submitter will accept no changes, we are unable to change her already registered name to a form closer to the desired modern form.

Kevin Eriôl. Household name Scholae ars Boethius.

No documentation was submitted with this name. Both the submission form and the summarization simply assert that each word means a certain thing. These assertions were not even backed by photocopies of the relevant dictionary pages. Proof by assertion is not now, nor has it ever been, acceptable support for a submission.

Furthermore, no documentation was submitted demonstrating that this name follows a naming pattern found for organized groups of people (one assumes, in this case, the model is names of schools or academies). For a household name to be registerable, it must be demonstrated that it follows a naming pattern found in period. In this case, neither the submitter, kingdom or commenters were able to provide this information.

The commenters did note that a name of the form Schola Boethii would follow known patterns for academy names and display the correct and expected grammar. Metron Ariston explains:

In the first place Scholae is the plural and the standard usage in both classical and medieval Latin (and modern Latin, for that matter) would be to use the singular: schola Ars is the nominative singular and would not have been used in this manner. The title one gets even today uses the arts in the plural and that is true in Latin as well. My most recent diploma from Cambridge indicates that I am Artium Magister (they are refreshingly asexual in that respect!) which means that I am a master of arts. And occasionally you will see in later works the term "School of the Arts" but that is not common in period in that usage. Boethius (who was a philosopher rather than a medic!) would have his name in the genitive as well if he were the patron or the namesake of the school, but almost certainly you would not have both artium and Boethii. The period usage would be Schola Boethii.

However, as several commenters noted, the form Schola Boethii would conflict with the College of Boethius, registered in January 1984. Therefore, we are unable to make this change to make this household name registerable.

M{oe}gwynn del Mas. Name.

No documentation was submitted and none provided by the commenters to demonstrate substantial contact between Anglo-Saxon England/Old English (the culture/language of the given name) and Provencal/Occitan (the culture/language of the byname). Barring such documentation names combining these languages/culture are not registerable.

Even if the surname is considered as just plain old French, the name is still two steps from period practice. First, it combines an Old English given name with a French (or Occitan) byname. This was declared one step from period practice in March 2002. Second, Old English fell out of use prior to the 13th C. This presents a more than 300 year gap between a date when we could reasonably expect to find the given name, and the 1521 date of the byname. This is the second step from period practice.

We note that the submitted given name M{oe}gwynn is a misreading of the documentation. The documentation, Josh Mittleman, "Concerning the Name Megan", describes a hypothetical Old English name Mægwynn (using the Æ ligature). We note that in the font used in that document lowercase Æ is nearly indistinguishable from lowercase {OE}. In resubmitting, we note that Mægwynn is a reasonably constructed Old English name using a documented protheme and deuterotheme. However, we have no documentation for M{oe}gwynn, so this spelling is not registerable.

Xanthe Yfantes. Device. Argent, in pale three wool packs sable between flaunches purpure.

No forms were included with this submission. As such we are forced to return it. According to the Administrative Handbook IV.C "No submission, including any resubmission, appeal, change or release of a protected item, etc., shall be considered for registration until a complete set of paperwork is provided to the appropriate heraldic officer."

MIDDLE

Ástríðr Ketilsdóttír. Name.

Conflict with Estrid Ketilsdottir, registered April 1997. The given names are variants of each other and the bynames are the same name.

Francesca Ambrogini. Device. Gules, a goblet fesswise Or.

This device is returned for conflict with Lorenzo Sansovino, Azure, in chief a goblet fesswise Or. Francesca's goblet is not quite in chief. Given the sizes of the goblet, they are in essentially the same location in both devices, leaving a single CD for changes to the field. Please inform the submitter that on resubmission the goblet should not be drawn in trian aspect (that is, it shouldn't look three-dimensional). Turning the lip of the cup a little to the viewer is acceptable, but the extreme trian aspect here caused more than one person to see the charge as a doorknob.

SIREN

Berry King of Arms. Release of heraldic title.

As the title of a king of arms, this heraldic title is important enough to protect. In addition, it is the title of the first French King of Arms, which adds to its historical importance.

Blanc Sanglier Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

This title is derived from the famous (and also protected) badge of King Richard III, the white boar. Paul Murray Kendall, Richard the Third, lists the Blanc Sanglier as one of Richard's two chief officers of arms. The close association with this sovereign and with his famous badge makes this title worthy of continued protection.

Blanch Lyon Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

The documentation suggests that this was both the title of a royal officer of England and a member of the English College of Arms in the late 16th C. This would provide some argument that the title is worthy of continued protection.

Blanch Rose Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

The reference in this heraldic title to a famous protected real-world badge, the White Rose of the House of York, is sufficient to warrant its continued protection.

Blanch Sanglier Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

This title is derived from the famous (and also protected) badge of King Richard III, the white boar. Paul Murray Kendall, Richard the Third, lists the Blanc Sanglier as one of Richard's two chief officers of arms. The close association with this sovereign and with his famous badge makes this title worthy of continued protection.

Blanche Lyon Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

The documentation suggests that this was both the title of a royal officer of England and a member of the English College of Arms in the late 16th C. This would provide some argument that the title is worthy of continued protection.

Blanche Rose Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

The reference in this heraldic title to a famous protected real-world badge, the White Rose of the House of York, is sufficient to warrant its continued protection.

Bordeaux Herald. Release of heraldic title.

This title is for a historical royal officer of arms and implies a form of territorial jurisdiction. Therefore, it seems foolhardy to remove protection.

Rose Blanche Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

The reference in this heraldic title to a restricted charge is sufficient to warrant its continued protection.

TRIMARIS

An Crosaire, Barony of. Order name Ordu Torque Serpentinus.

This name has the same problem as the Order of the Serpent's Torque, which was returned in December 2003:

No documentation was presented and none was found that the pattern [animal/creature]+[possession or adornment] is a plausible construction for an order name in period. Lacking such evidence, this order name violates RfS III.2.b.ii, which requires that "Names of orders and awards must follow the patterns of the names of period orders and awards", and must be returned.

Translating the name into Latin does not remove the underlying problem.

Furthermore, even if this name were registerable, the grammar is incorrect. Metron Ariston explains:

The forms used and the grammar involved is NOT standard Latin construction. In the first place, the nominative of the Latin word for order that is usually used is ordo not ordu (Lewis and Short, Latin Dictionary, s.v. ordo). It is a third declension noun whose genitive is ordinis and whose stem for formation of oblique cases is ordin- so this spelling is suspect even for a reading of an oblique case in one of the texts on the Tufts site. While it is theoretically possible to have the name of the order in the nominative in apposition to ordo, in the Society and mundanely in the medieval period it is far more likely to be in the genitive following the order designator. In other words, to translate literally as "Order of the Serpentine Torque". Lewis and Short (op. cit., s.v. torques) indicate that torques is one nominative form for a twisted chain or collar, usually of gold, worn by Gauls and often awarded to Roman soldiers for particular valor. However, the form torque used in the heading is the ablative which does not belong after ordo and does not agree with the following adjective. The appropriate genitive form after ordo would be torquis. Since torques in the desired meaning can be either masculine or feminine (being a third declension noun there is no distinction in case endings), the formation of the order name could be either Ordo Torquis Serpentini or Ordo Torquis Serpentinae

The submitter will accept all changes. They have demonstrated that Torques is a period Latin word for a charge that the SCA has registered for quite a few years now. We would register this name as Ordo Torquis (Order of the Torque), since this name follows the pattern of orders named for heraldic objects. However, the submitter was most interested in the meaning "Order of the Serpent's Torque." As we are unable to both make the name registerable and retain the meaning, we are returning this name.

Arvada Oddshoe. Name.

The byname Oddshoe does not follow patterns found in English compound descriptive bynames. The compound was justified as [adjective]+[object]. The element odd- was defined as "in singular or unusual degree." An examination of surnames following this pattern in Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, and in Jonsjo, Studies on Middle English Nicknames shows that when descriptive bynames are formed using this pattern, the adjective is a description of a simple concrete property of the object such as color or texture (for example Hardsco "Hardshoe" documented in this submission.) The element odd is defined as an intangible quality, but such qualities are not found in these sorts of bynames. Reaney and Wilson, s.n. Odd, shows Odd as a patronymic dating to 1327. We would drop the deuterotheme -shoe to make the name registerable, but the submitter will not accept major changes.

Decimus Aurelius Gracchus. Device. Argent, a crab inverted azure sustaining a trident fesswise reversed and in chief a sword fesswise sable.

This is returned for violating RfS VIII.1.a by having three types of charges in the same charge group. The trident and the sword are both as long as the crab is wide, therefore this must be considered to have three types of charges (sword, crab, and trident) in the same charge group.

There was some question as to the registerability of a crab inverted. Laurel has previously ruled:

A significant number of commenters felt that inverting a tergiant charge which is commonly found as tergiant (such as a tergiant scorpion or a frog) does not hamper the identifiability of the charge so much as to render it unidentifiable, and they felt that it should be acceptable. The frog in this submission certainly retains its identifiability very clearly in the inverted posture. As a result, inverting a tergiant charge is acceptable as long as it does not otherwise violate any basic heraldic principles, including the requirement for identifiability. Because of the lack of period evidence for tergiant inverted charges, the posture will be considered a clear step from period practice (also known informally as a "weirdness") for any charge that cannot be found in this posture in period. [George Anne, 05/02, A-Æthelmearc]

The crab in this submission certainly retains its identifiability very clearly in the inverted posture and is acceptable, though a step from period practice.

Gallows Oake, Shire of. Branch name and device. Argent, a tree blasted and eradicated, pendant from a sinister limb a noose, and to dexter a laurel wreath sable.

No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that this name follows patterns of English placename construction. There are a few names that use the protheme galga- 'gallow', and one late period example using Gallowe; there are also a few examples of English placenames that use the deuterotheme -oak. However, all of the 'gallow' placenames use a deuterotheme identifying the location of the gallows: Mills, A Dictionary of British Placenames has Galgbergh 1304 'Gallows hill' and Galghagh 12th cent. 'Enclosure where a gallows stands'. The submitted documentation, Smith, A.H. English Place-Name Elements shows the same pattern of gallow + location. Nor does the element oak tend to appear in names where the name describes an object made of oak. We found only one example of this: Mills has "Achecote 1086 ( DB ). Probably 'cottage(s) made of oak.'" A single instance does not a pattern make. Because this name does not follow a pattern found in English placenaming practice, it cannot be registered.

This device is being returned for violating RfS IX -- Offensive Armory. The juxtaposition of the laurel wreath -- a symbol of the SCA -- with a hangman's noose is unacceptable.

Please advise the submitters that the petition included with this submission was invalid as the sheet with signatures had neither the blazon nor the emblazon of the arms. At least one, and preferably both, must be included on every sheet with signatures for those sheets to be considered a valid part of the petition.

Philippe de Castlemere d'Artaignan. Name and device. Azure, in bend a wolf rampant and a fleur-de-lys argent, in chief a label couped Or.

This name violates RfS VI.3, Names Claiming Specific Relationships, because it constitutes a claim to be related to Charles de Batz, de Castelmore, dit Comte d'Artaignan, known to generations of readers and moviegoers simply as d'Artagnan of Dumas's The Three Musketeers. The combination of two locatives associated with this person and the very high recognizability factor and association of the appelation d'Artagnan with the character based on the historical person associated with de Castelmore is just too strong of an allusion. We would drop one of the two locatives, but the submitter will not accept major changes.

This device is returned for redraw. The fleur-de-lys was originally blazoned as sustained; however, the wolf and the fleur-de-lys are not touching. The fleur-de-lys and the wolf are not clearly in bend nor clearly in fess; they need to be clearly drawn in one of these arrangements. The fleur-de-lys is heavily outlined and thus appears to be fimbriated sable. A fleur-de-lys is too complex to fimbriate.

Tat'iana Aleksandrovna Ragozina. Badge. (Fieldless) A natural tiger's head caboshed per pale argent and sable marked counterchanged.

This badge is returned for conflict with Tara nic an Fhleisdeir, Per pale sable and argent, a domestic cat's head cabossed counterchanged, orbed vert, pupiled of the field. As the tiger's markings are not worth a difference, there is a single CD for removing the field.

In addition, this badge is returned for a redraw due to excessive counterchanging. Counterchanging the tiger's markings makes it difficult to identify the underlying charge

Trimaris, Kingdom of. Badge for Thrown Weapons Marshal. Argent, a dagger and a throwing axe in saltire within a orle gules.

This is being returned as badges may not be registered for officers (or deputy officers) if a kingdom or corporate level badge exists for that office. In particular, Laurel has previously returned a badge for a thrown weapons marshal:

[Badge for Thrown Weapons Deputy] This badge is for a deputy for the marshallate in charge of thrown weapons. Precedent is mixed about whether deputies to major offices may have Kingdom badges assigned to them, or whether they must use a corporate level badge. The Sovereigns of Arms and Laurel Clerk discussed the issue, and Laurel determined the following: A combat marshal must be quickly identifiable on the field during inter-kingdom wars. Thus, it is important that the badges for marshals should be the same throughout the Society. Such badges should therefore be registered at the corporate level, rather than the kingdom level. This is currently the case for the Equestrian Marshallate, whose badge was registered at the Society level as Sable, two tilting lances in saltire and in chief a chamfron Or. [An Tir, Kingdom of, 02/02, R-An Tir]

Trimaris, Kingdom of. Order name Order of the Citadel.

Conflict with the military college The Citadel, an important real-world location. The Citadel has its own article in Britannica Online, and its influence on the history of the military in the United States is profound. Because any type of non-personal names may conflict with any other type of non-personal name, this Order name and this location are in conflict.

Trimaris, Kingdom of. Order name Order of the Hearth.

This submission was withdrawn by the submitter.

Trimaris, Kingdom of. Order name Order of the Seatower.

This name does not follow a pattern of known order names in period. The submitters justified the word seatower as a possible heraldic charge. However, they failed to demonstrate that the word itself is found prior to 1600, or that that object it described had a unique depiction suitable for use as a heraldic charge. Orle argues that perhaps it could be a placename based on the element "sea", found in various English placenames in period, and "tower", found as a topographic byname in 1202. However, Ekwall, The Oxford Dictionary of English Placenames, does not list tower as an element found in English placenames. A search of Mills, A Dictionary of English Place-names, shows no placenames using the element "tower" with the meaning 'tower/steeple' before the 17th C. As such it is not suitable for a constructed placename nor, therefore, as an order name.

Trimaris, Kingdom of. Order name Order of the Wellspring.

This name does not follow a recognized pattern for order names. The identical order name was submitted by Artemisia and returned in October 2000. The reason is still valid:

This does not follow known period examples of order names. The argument made on the LoI was that a wellspring was a possible heraldic charge. While this argument has some merit in that some order names come from items that could be heraldic charges, it also fails in that a wellspring is not a heraldic charge. It is a special type of stream, not easily depicted as a distinct entity different from a regular stream.

WEST

Colleen of Bannockburn. Name.

Colleen is the submitter's legal middle name. While a legal given name is registerable as a given name regardless of what type of name it was originally, a legal middle name is only registerable as a given name if it can be shown to have been a given name prior to the modern era:

DeWayne is the submitter's middle name, not his given name. A Middle name is treated by type: if it is structurally a given name it can be used as a given name, but if it is structurally a surname it can only be used as a surname. DeWayne is structurally a surname so cannot be used as a given name. [DeWayne of Locks, 10/99, R-Calontir]

Colleen is an Anglicization of the Irish word cailin, a descriptive meaning "a young girl". Because it is a byname by type, it is only registerable as a byname under the Legal Name allowance in this instance.

Her device was registered under the holding name Andrea of Wolfscairn

Mari Alexander. Badge. Sable, four lozenges in cross Or.

Given this emblazon, Mari's badge could just as easily be blazoned as Sable, on a lozenge Or a saltire sable. Reluctantly, we must return this for conflict with Konrad von Drachenruh, Sable, on a lozenge Or a dragon couchant sable, granting a single CD for changes to the tertiary charge.

The submitter has permission to conflict with Heinrich von Stuttgart, Per bend azure and checky Or and azure, a cross of four lozenges Or.

Solveig sauðamaðr. Name.

The grammar of the byname sauðamaðr is incorrect for a feminine name. The byname sauðamaðr, which Haraldsson, The Old Norse Name, glosses as "shepherd," is a compound word built from sauðr "sheep" and maðr "man". While maðr is sometimes found in compounds with the generic meaning of "humankind", in constructions such as this, it is specifically used to denote a person of the masculine gender. Descriptive names using maðr are not found in feminine names; instead the word kona "woman" is used as part of the compound. We would change this name to Solveig sauðakona, but this significantly changes the sound and appearance of the name, a major change which the submitter will not allow. If resubmitting, we suggestion either Solveig sauðakona, which has the meaning of "shepherdess" specifically requested by the submitter, or Solveig sauðahirðir. The word sauðahirðir is in Cleasby/Vigfusson, An English Icelandic Dictionary, s.n. Sauðr, with the meaning "sheepherder," a gender-neutral term for this profession.

Her arms were registered under the holding name Solveig of Mountains Gate.

- Explicit littera renuntiationum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN PENDED UNTIL THE August 2006 LAUREL MEETING (OR AS NOTED):

AN TIR

Olivia Dougall. Device. Per saltire purpure and argent, two needles argent and two lit candles purpure.

Blazoned on the LoI as Per saltire argent and purpure, two needles purpure and two candles argent, the tinctures are reversed. This is pended to allow conflict checking under the correct tinctures.

This was item 7 on the An Tir letter of October 31, 2005.

- Explicit -