THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN REGISTERED:

AN TIR

Alessandra di Giovanni del Pino. Name.

Submitted as Alessandra di Giovanni Delpino, the byname was documented from the "Italian Renaissance Men's Names", by Ferrante LaVolpe. The source for this article removes spaces in surnames recorded with preposition/articles and records names in all capital letters. The name DELPINO in this document represents del Pino from the original source material. We have changed the name to Alessandra di Giovanni del_Pino to match period forms of this name.

Cara d'Aquila. Name and device. Argent, an eagle rising wings displayed azure and in chief three gouttes de sang.

Submitted as Cara d'Áquila, the byname was documented from de Felice, Dizionario dei Cognomi Italiani. The author of this work added accents to names to indicate pronunciation; they are not part of the spellings. We have changed the name to Cara d'Aquila, which is the documented form.

Cateryn M'Manis. Device. Per saltire sable and argent, two suns Or and two roses gules slipped and leaved vert.

This is clear of Finn with the Roses, Per saltire sable and argent, in fess a rose sable and a rose gules, each slipped and leaved vert. Using the July 2005 precedent, "From Wreath: Counting Differences", we must first determine the minimum number of steps required to change the armory. It requires at least two steps to change Finn's armory to match Cateryn's (adding two suns and changing the tincture of one of the roses). Thus the two pieces of armory must be compared as they exist without considering any intermediate armory. There is a CD for the change in number of primary charges. In Finn's armory half of the primary charges are gules and half sable. In Cateryn's armory half of the primary charges are gules and half Or. There is thus a second CD for changing the tincture of half the charge group.

Giacomo Passerini. Name and device. Sable, two scimitars in saltire argent and in chief a sparrow contourny Or.

Isabella di Giovanni del Pino. Name.

Submitted as Isabella di Giovanni Delpino, the byname was documented from the "Italian Renaissance Men's Names", by Ferrante LaVolpe. The source for this article removes spaces in surnames recorded with preposition/articles and records names in all capital letters. The name DELPINO in this document represents del Pino from the original source material. We have changed the name to Isabella di Giovanni del_Pino to match period forms of this name.

Kateline Huntington. Name and device. Per pale argent and Or, on a cross nowy purpure a rose argent barbed vert and seeded purpure.

Khulan Shizir. Device. Or semy of thistles proper.

Nice armory.

Maddelena di Riccardo Strozzi. Name.

Muirgheal inghean Alasdair. Name and device. Sable, in bend a compass star argent and a cat sejant Or.

Please advise the submitter to draw the charges larger.

Natal'ia Volkovicha. Name and device. Argent, a tyger rampant gules, on a chief vert three trefoils Or.

The submitter requested a name authentic to 11th C Russia. The names were documented in Wickenden, A Dictionary of Period Russian Names; the dates given for names in this work are the earliest date the author found the cited name. This work dates Natal'ia to 1371; we have not found any earlier forms of this name at this time. Barring evidence for the name Natal'ia in the 11th C, we are unable to make this name authentic for the requested time period. The name is, however, an authentic 14th C Russian name.

ATENVELDT

Alysandir Maknakill. Name and device. Purpure, on a triangle throughout argent between three butterflies Or, winged argent, a spider purpure.

Nice name!

The use of a triangle has previously been ruled a step from period practice. Some commenters argued that this should be blazoned as Argent, a spider between three points purpure each charged with a butterfly Or winged argent and returned for using all three points, a practice disallowed since at least 1993. As three points would not look exactly like this - the points would not be conjoined - this is not a valid alternate blazon. And even if it were, precedent also allows one to "blazon your way out of style problems", thus this can be registered by blazoning the charges as a triangle throughout. A valid alternate blazon is Argent chapé, a spider purpure and in chief two butterflies Or winged argent, on a base purpure a butterfly Or winged argent; however, that blazon would lead to a return for charging the chapé portions of the field. Again, as it is possible to blazon your way out of a style problem, this is registerable.

Angela of the Meadows. Reblazon of device. Vert, on a sun Or three roses in chevron gules, slipped and leaved vert.

Registered February 1971 with the blazon Vert, on a sun Or three roses palewise in chevron gules, slipped and leaved proper, this was reblazoned in January 1973 as Vert, on a sun in glory three roses palewise in chevron gules, slipped and leaved vert. In 1973 a sun in glory was assumed to be Or. However, the sun in question lacks a face so we are returning the blazon to a sun Or. The palewise is not needed and so has been dropped from the blazon. Note that the 1971 blazon does not appear in the Armorial and the 1973 reblazon does not appear on the LoAR (though there is a copy of a letter to Angela in her file telling her of the reblazon).

Aylwin Wyllowe. Badge. (Fieldless) A wildcat sejant erect contourny erminois atop a chest sable.

Ceallach Colquhoun. Name and device. Argent, a dragon sejant affronty, wings displayed and head to dexter, on a base gules a heart argent.

This name mixes Irish Gaelic and Scots; this is one step from period practice.

Elaria filia Robert. Device. Vert, in pale two chevronels and a leaf Or.

Magnus av Nordensköld. Device. Vert, on a bend sinister between a tower and two herrings in pale that in base contourny argent, four cauldrons palewise sable.

Marusha Ivoninskoi. Name and device. Azure, a pale raguly argent between a pair of wings Or.

Michael of Kilkenny. Device. Azure, a double-bitted axe argent between three triangles conjoined one and two Or, in base a crescent argent.

This device is visually equivalent to Azure, on a triangle Or a triangle inverted throughout azure charged with a double-bitted axe and in base a crescent argent; however, using that blazon makes the double-bitted axe a quaternary charge, which is not allowed under RfS VIII.1.c.ii - Layer Limit. Precedent has long held that while you cannot blazon your way out of conflict you can blazon your way out of a style problem (e.g. Ann Busshenell of Tylehurst, 10/2003, A-Atenveldt). Therefore, this is registerable under the blazon above.

Mina Fioravanti. Name change from Killian Quinn and badge. Azure, a chamfron within an annulet Or.

Her old name, Killian Quinn, is retained as an alternate name.

This badge was not submitted on a standard form; the badge was square. The use of non-standard forms may be grounds for return. In this case, we are accepting the submission as a square was used to clearly differentiate between an annulet and an orle. Also we note that the new forms, which were not available when this was submitted, include a square badge form.

Nikolai Afanasii Zemlin. Name and device. Quarterly sable and gules, a dragon erminois.

This name uses a double Christian name. Nebuly notes that the "Russian given name Afanasii is derived from the Greek name, Athanasios, and so is not a native Russian name."

Having two Christian names in a Russian name was ruled a step from period practice in June 1997.

Sedania le Blacke. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Sidony_Blacke, the submitter requested an authentic English name. The spelling Sidony is suggested as a variant on the 16th C French Sidonie. However, all dated English forms found show the first syllable as Ced- or Sed-, including Sedania, dated to 1221 as a given name from Talan Gwynek, "Feminine Given Names in A Dictionary of English Surnames". The byname was documented as le Blacke in 1275. We have changed the name to Sedania le Blacke to fulfill the submitter's request for an authentic English name; this is a very reasonable 13th C English name.

The given name was documented from "Late Period French Feminine Names" by Aryanhwy merch Catmael (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/french/latefrench.html). However, no photocopies of this documentation were provided. We note that, on the date of the meeting where this letter was considered, that site was not online and had been offline for awhile (the site has since come back online, but on the date this item was considered, there was no uptime estimate). We remind folks that none of the items on http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names are on the no-photocopy list; its prolonged downtime is an illustration of why it is important to include photocopies of cited documentation from sources not on the no-photocopy list.

Sorcha inghean ui Ghadhra. Device. Per pale argent and purpure, a triquetra counterchanged.

ATLANTIA

Aularia Diez. Name.

Fearghus mac Domhnaill. Name and badge. Azure, a bear rampant maintaining an arrow bendwise sinister inverted argent within a bordure Or.

The submitter requested an authentic 15th C Scottish Gaelic name. This name is exactly what he requested.

Gaspar Martí. Name.

Nice name!

Gwyn Hir ap Gryffyd. Name.

Hidden Mountain, Barony of. Branch name change from the Hidden Mountain, Barony of (see RETURNS for other order name).

Their old name, Hidden Mountain, Barony of the, is released.

Hidden Mountain, Barony of. Order name change from Award of the Sable Mountain to Order of the Sable Mountain.

The old name, Award of the Sable Mountain, is released.

Hidden Mountain, Barony of. Award name Award of the Silver Cloud (see RETURNS for badge).

Hidden Mountain, Barony of. Award name Award of the Azure Cloud (see RETURNS for badge).

In general, names of heraldic tinctures are not registerable as part of order names where the language is English, because we have no examples of such usage and because the names of most heraldic tinctures were not used as ordinary adjectives in English until the very end of the 16th C. Azure appears to be the exception. According to the OED, the noun azure, meaning "A bright blue pigment or dye; ellipt. a fabric dyed of this colour", dates to at least the late 14th C. Chaucer mentions a figure "Cloothed in Asure". This and the citations provided by the submitter are sufficient to give them the benefit of the doubt that azure (like crimson) is used as an ordinary color name and hence is registerable as part of an order name.

Hidden Mountain, Barony of. Order name change from Award of the Crimson Mountain to Order of the Crimson Mountain.

The old name, Award of the Crimson Mountain, is released.

Hidden Mountain, Barony of. Award name Award of the Crimson Cloud (see RETURNS for badge).

The barony has the Award of the Crimson Mountain already registered to it. Therefore, the element Crimson is grandfathered to them as a descriptive element in order names.

Jonet Nycholl. Name.

This is a lovely 16th C Scots name.

CAID

Alexander de Cuningham. Name.

Submitted as Alexander_Cunninghame, the submitter requested authenticity for 12th-14th C Scotland. The spelling Alexander is found in Barbour, The Bruce, written in 1375. The spelling Cwnyngame is found in the same work. However, spellings of the byname closer to the submitted spelling are found in the 14th C. Black, Surnames of Scotland, s.n. Cuningham, lists a James de Cunyngham in 1317, a William de Conyngham in 1370, and a William de Cuningham in 1403. While there are period forms of this name with the terminal -e, Black doesn't show one dated before the mid-15th C. We have changed the name to Alexander de Cuningham, an authentic 14th C Scottish name, to comply with the submitter's request for authenticity.

Aonghus Lyndesay. Name (see RETURNS for device).

This name combines Gaelic and Scots; this is one step from period practice. The submitter indicated a desire for an authentic 16th C Scottish name, but accepted minor changes only. Therefore, we are unable to change Aonghus to a Scots spelling to make the name authentic. If the submitter is interested in an authentic 16th C Scots name, we suggest Angus Lyndesay; Black, The Surnames of Scotland s.n. Angusson, lists an Angus Angussone in 1630 and s.n. MacAngus has Duncan Makangus in 1492.

Brianna de Blare. Name.

Brianna is the submitter's legal given name.

Catherine Hunter. Name.

Dirk Ivanovich. Badge. Or, a gorgon's head cabossed gules.

Edward Thorp of York. Name.

Elena Mercante. Name.

Emmeline Dernelove. Device. Per pale argent and purpure, a heart within a Bowen knot crosswise counterchanged.

Faolan O'Reilly. Name.

This name mixes Early Modern Irish and English; this is one step from period practice.

The submitter requested an authentic 10th C Irish name but accepted minor changes only. The given name Faolan is an Early Modern Irish (post 1200) spelling, while the byname is an Anglicization of an Irish name which is not a possibility until several centuries after the 10th C. If the submitter is interested in a Middle Irish form of this name, appropriate for the 10th C, we suggest Fáelán hua Rogallaig. The Middle Irish form of the given name is the header form in Ó Corrain and Maguire, Irish Names s.n. Fáelán. This spelling of the name is found in a 966 entry of The Annals of Ulster and in a 1051 entry for the Annals of Tigernach. The name O'Reilly is an Anglicization of the name Ó Raghllaigh (Early Modern Irish), which in normalized Middle Irish is hua Rogallaig. The name, used as a given name, true patronymic, and family name, appears in various Irish annals entries from the 7th through the 13th C.

Fionnghuala inghean Uilliam. Name.

Fj{o,}rleif in heppna. Name.

Submitted as Fj{o,}rleif inn heppni, the definite article and adjective are in the masculine form. In Old Norse descriptive bynames, the definite article and adjective must agree in gender with the given name; in this case, the given name is feminine. We have changed the name to Fj{o,}rleif in heppna to correct the grammar.

Gabriel Archer. Name.

Nice name!

Helga gylðir. Name and device. Per fess sable and argent, a wolf passant and a wolf sejant contourny ululant counterchanged.

The use of two separate postures for a group of identical creatures is not good period heraldic style, though it is registerable.

Ingilborg Sigmundardóttir. Household badge for House Strongbow. (Fieldless) A sheaf of a sword inverted between four arrows argent bound with a garter sable.

Blazoned on the LoI as (Fieldless) A sheaf of a sword inverted between four arrows bound with a garter sable, the sword and arrows are actually argent. A timely Letter of Correction was received. The garter is equivalent to a maintained charge, thus this does not violate RfS VIII.1.a - Tincture and Charge Limit. By the same token, as a maintained charge it won't contribute to tincture difference.

The LoI stated "This design is undeniably period, despite the somewhat cumbersome blazon. We note that 'Fettered Cock Pewterers' sells a charm nearly identical to this design, which they call 'Battle Archers'. ... The website states the charm is based upon the badge of Prince Arthur (brother of Henry VIII). Souvenirs and Secular Badges (by Brian Spencer, Museum of London, copyright 1998) says on p.298 while describing a very similar badge without the central sword (#293), 'Five arrows tied at the middle was a badge of Arthur, Prince of Wales (1486-1502).' Prince Arthur is an important enough person to protect his armory, but we don't have a specific blazon to cite. Therefore, we feel the best course of action is to forward this badge for the College's consideration."

Fox-Davies's Heraldic Badges, p. 153 (s.n., Wales, Prince of) provides the blazon requested in the LoI: Five arrows tied in the middle, starwise. The submission, and the Fettered Cock Pewterers' charm, are not the same as Prince Arthur's badge; and in any case, it is our opinion that Prince Arthur's badge isn't important enough to protect.

However, the fact that the submission is well-nigh identical to the Fettered Cock Pewterers' charm raised another issue. The submitter is trying to register a design that is commercially available to anyone. A pewter casting of a charge may be considered a tinctureless display of that charge; it is the design itself we must consider. We saw no sign on the merchant's website that the design is copyrighted; still, anyone is able to purchase and wear this charm. The question is whether the charm should be protected.

The College of Arms has a long history of protecting famous pieces of jewelry: "We all recognize that beautiful piece of jewelry; there are people making a living out of selling reproductions of it; in some senses it is copyright and in others it is in the public domain; and you cannot register it." (KFW, June 1979) That precedent referred to a famous museum piece, a gold Scythian stag courant; it was the fame and recognition factor of the piece that caused the submissions return. That criterion doesn't seem to apply here.

At the time the Modest Proposal was implemented, we stopped checking for conflict against every piece of real world armory we could find regardless of its importance. We have no desire to start checking armory, particularly fieldless badges, against all available jewelry catalogs in order to determine if a specific piece of jewelry should be protected. If a piece of jewelry is famous enough to be immediately recognized, it merits protection. But in general, commercially available charms, pewter castings, etc., will not be protected against conflict.

There are two consequences of this. First, it's not the charges themselves that cause a piece of jewelry to be protected: it's the exact representation. The difference is between, say, registering (Fieldless) A nude man statant affronty argent and Michelangelo's David. The one is a perfectly valid armorial design; the other is so famous that it cannot be reserved to a single individual. Merchants often make use of generic heraldic elements such as fleurs-de-lys, sea-lions, and estoiles when creating items for sale. As valid heraldic design elements, their use on merchandise does not prevent their use in heraldic badges.

Second, it remains true that this badge is commercially available to anyone, inside or outside the SCA, and may be worn by anyone. The submitter has, in effect, traded exclusive use of the badge for ease in obtaining renderings of it. Given the otherwise nondescript nature of the design, we feel this is her choice.

Josseline Margretyinge. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Laertes McBride. Augmentation. Vert, on a saltire Or five quatrefoils slipped vert and for augmentation, in chief on an escutcheon azure four crescents conjoined in saltire, horns outward, within a bordure argent.

Morin Muir. Name change from holding name Cindy of Angels.

This name mixes Gaelic and Scots; this is one step from period practice.

Nicolae Potcoava. Name and device. Azure, a chevron Or and in base a wolf sejant ululant argent.

Submitted as Nicolaie Potcoava, the name was documented from Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Names from the Royal Lines of Moldavia and Walachia." However, Nebuly notes that the spelling Nicolaie is a typo brought over from the article from which these names were taken:

This information is confirmed both in the onomastic dictionary by Constantinescu (p.117, s.n. Nicolae) and in the list of Wallachian rulers given in Giurescu (p.412, s.d. 1599). The correct standard form of the name is Nicolae.

We have, therefore, changed the name to Nicolae Potcoava to match documented period forms.

Rorich Leopold Schade. Name and device. Vert, a sword inverted proper surmounted by a stag's skull argent.

Submitted as Roderick Leopold Schade, no documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that the form Roderick was used in period. The source from which this name is documented, Withycombe, The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names, s.n. Roderick, says that the name derives from the Old German Hrodric. However, the only dated name she gives is the Latin Rothericus in 1303, which she cites as a rendering of the Welsh Rhydderch. Barring examples of the form Roderick, it is no longer registerable. The expected German form of this name would be Rorich, and Bahlow/Gentry, German Names, s.n. Rorich, has Rorich in 1274. We have changed the name to Rorich Leopold Schade in order to register it.

This device is clear of Kiriel of Windhover Cliff's device, Vert, a sword inverted, overall an American kestrel hovering affronty proper. [Falco sparverius sparverius]. There is a CD for changing the type of the overall charge and another for changing the tincture, as Kiriel's kestrel is half brown. This is clear of the badge of Rebecca of Twywn, called the Demanding, Vert, a dagger inverted argent, hilted bendy sinister sable and argent, entwined with two stalks of catnip argent. This catnip is nearly as tall as the sword; this is essentially a sheaf of three co-primary charges. Thus there is a CD for changing the number of primary charges and another for adding the overall charge.

Sabina de Mordone. Name and device. Argent, a chevron gules between two lions and a Catherine wheel azure.

Sáerlaith ingen mic Néill. Device. Azure, a seahorse Or and on a chief wavy argent three estoiles azure.

Samutani Sukenobu. Name.

Svana skósvein. Name.

Submitted as Svana skósveinn, the form skósveinn is a masculine form of this byname. The appropriate strong adjectival feminine form of the byname is skósvein. We have changed the name to Svana skósvein to correct the grammar

Talitha le Barde. Name.

Talitha is the submitter's legal given name.

Submitted as Talitha de Barde, the submitter requested an authentic Scottish/Irish name with the meaning "poet". We note that there is no evidence that Talitha was used in period, much less in Scotland and Ireland, so we are unable to fulfill her authenticity request. In addition, the submitted documentation and the grammar of the name show that de Barde is a surname derived from a placename. The name de Barde was documented from Black, The Surnames of Scotland s.n. Baird. However, Black s.n. Bard notes that Bard is a different surname from Baird. Bard does mean "poet", and Black cites a Johannes le Barde in 1398 as an example of this form. We have changed the name to Talitha le Barde to partially comply with her requests concerning her name.

Thomas Hewes of Islington. Name.

The submitter requested authenticity for 11th-13th C England but accepted no changes. Although the spelling Hewes is dated to 1524 in Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames s.n. Hugh, this same entry has Huwes 1279 and Hewe 1291. Given this, Hewes would not be unexpected in a 13th C document. However, Islington is at best a late period spelling. Watts, Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-Names, Based on the Collections of the English Place-Name Society, notes the spelling Isendon in 1235. For a name authentic for 13th England C, we suggest Thomas Hewe de Isendon.

Thorin of Caid. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per pale gules and vert, in chevron an axe argent hafted proper and a needle inverted and on a chief argent three trefoils vert.

Submitted under the name Thorin Ó Séaghda.

Una verch Morgant o Rhos. Name.

As documented, this name mixes Gaelic and Welsh; such a combination is not registerable. However, Withycombe, The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names, s.n. Una, notes "Una is also sometimes used in England after Una in Spenser's Faerie Queen, where it is the f. of Latin unus 'one'..." As Una in the Faerie Queen is definitely a fully human character, the name Una is also registerable as an English literary name. Therefore, this name may be said to mix English and Welsh, which is a registerable combination. A different given name would make for better historical recreation, though.

Wilhelm of Caid. Badge. Or, an emmet gules.

Emmet is an Old English term for an ant and is an acceptable heraldic term. Parker, under Emmet says "see Ant" Under Ant, he states "Of the insects of the animal kingdom there are but few representatives. The ants, and with them the emmets, may be mentioned..." He then gives the blazon for the arms of Massy: Argent a bend azure between three emmets sable. Franklyn and Taylor, p. 119, define emmet as "[O.E.] an ant, a herd insect of the Hymenopterous order. Sometimes called a pismire, and likely to be depicted in numbers...".

Ysabeau Anais Roussot du Lioncourt. Device change. Per pale gules and sable, a wingless griffin rampant queue-fourchy within a bordure Or.

Blazoned on the LoI as incensed, incensed monsters normally have flames spouting from the mouth and ears. The current submission, unlike her previous device, has no flames that can be identified at any distance. What is apparently flames spouting from the mouth appear to simply be the griffin's tongue.

In July 1999 (s.n. William Geoffrey the Rogue) Laurel stated "We leave open the question as to whether a wingless griffin and a lion rampant should be considered significantly different in the future." At this time we are declaring that there is a significant difference (CD) between the two. Thus this clear of Isabeau Celeste de la Vallière's device, Per pale gules and sable, a lion rampant within an orle Or. There is a CD for changing the type of the secondary charge and another for the difference between the primary charges.

Her previous device, Per pale gules and pean, a wingless griffin rampant, incensed and queue-fourchy, within a bordure embattled Or, is retained as a badge.

CALONTIR

Calontir, Kingdom of. Reblazon of badge for Order of the Sword of Calontir. Sable, a sword inverted, the hilt and quillons a cross of Calatrava, within a bordure argent.

Registered October 1982 with the blazon Sable, a cross of Calatrava, elongated in base so as to form a sword inverted within a bordure argent, this has been reblazoned to indicate that it is primarily a sword with a fancy hilt.

DRACHENWALD

Robin Bowman. Device. Purpure, in pale an open book and a sheaf of arrows argent within a bordure embattled Or.

Please advise the submitter to draw the book flatter and the arrows with larger fletching and points.

Seán Ó Mórdha. Name.

EALDORMERE

Catarine of Renfrewshire. Badge. (Fieldless) A kris bendwise inverted sable.

Mairghread Eireannach. Name and device. Per pale vert and Or, a shillelagh proper and a bordure per pale Or trefly vert and vert semy of roses Or.

Mathild de Valognes. Device. Per bend sinister azure and sable, on a bend sinister argent between a cup and a broad arrow Or, two bendlets sinister azure.

Séamus mac Dubhgaill. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Séamus mac Dubhgaill ó Ólchobhair, the patronymic Ó Ólchobhair is an Early Modern Irish spelling of a given name that "became obsolete at an early period," according to Ó Corrain and Maguire, Irish Names, s.n. Ólchobar. They give dated forms, but the latest date they give is 951. The only form of this name we found in any of the Irish Annals is Muiredach m. Olcobair in an entry for 802 in the Annals of Ulster. Barring documentation that this name survived into the Early Modern Irish era, its Early Modern Irish form is not registerable. We would change the patronymic to the Middle Irish form, but this would make the name two steps from period practice. The first step would be mixing Early Modern and Middle Irish, and the second would be for temporal disparity. The latest date we have for Olchobar is 951, while the earliest date we have for Séamus is 1348. Therefore, we are dropping this element and registering the name as Séamus mac Dubhgaill_.

The submitter requested an authentic Irish name. The registered form is an authentic Early Modern Irish name. The spelling of the byname mac Dubhgaill is found in both The Annals of the Fours Masters and The Annals of Loch Cé.

Thomas Drake d'Abernon. Name and device. Sable, a dragon sergeant and in chief three wolf's heads erased argent.

Listed on the LoI as Thomas Drake D'Abernon, both the forms and the documentation show the byname as d'Abernon. We have changed the name to match the forms and the documentation.

EAST

Collin Monro of Tadcaster. Name and device. Argent, a pithon erect and on a chief sable three Maltese crosses argent.

Cristofre de Hastings. Name.

Submitted as Cristoforus de Hastings, the submitter requested an authentic 12th-14th C English name. While the spelling Cristoforus is found in a document written in England 1220, this form is Latin, not English. Withycombe, The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names, s.n. Christopher, shows Cristofre in 1450. A search of the "Corpus of Middle English" (http://www.hti.umich.edu/english/mideng/) shows that this is the usual 15th C form of this name. Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, s.n. Christopher, also note Christofre as a surname in 1319 and 1317, denoting someone who lives near a church of Saint Christopher. We have changed the name to Cristofre de Hastings to fulfill his request for authenticity.

Dwynwen of Padstow. Device. Per fess engrailed argent and azure, a sea-wolf counterchanged sable and argent maintaining a rose sable slipped and leaved vert, in canton a grenade sable flamed gules.

Edmund Patterson. Device. Vert, on a bend sinister between two stag's heads erased argent, three crosses couped palewise sable.

This device is clear of Hilderich der Biterolf's device, Vert, on a bend sinister between two wolves' heads erased argent three crosses formy palewise gules. There is a CD for changing the type of secondary charges and another for changing the type and tincture of the tertiary charges.

Efa verch Cynan. Name.

Originally submitted as Efa verch Cynan, the name was changed in kingdom to Efa ferch Cynan to match documentation. The submitter requested an authentic 12th C Welsh name. Tangwystyl ferch Morgaunt Glasvyn, "Simple Guide to Constructing 13th C Welsh Names", notes "In this document, Latin filia is the only word found for this, although Welsh verch can be found in documents of a similar period." We have changed the spelling to Efa verch Cynan to match this pattern. The patronymic marker verch is certainly more typical for this period.

Eldrich Gaiman. Device change. Barry wavy ermine and sable.

Good armory!

The submitter releases his previous device, Per pale counter-ermine and vairy argent and vert.

Eldrich Gaiman. Badge release. Per pale vert and sable, a dragon segreant maintaining a chess-rook, a double tressure argent.

The submitter releases his badge, Per pale vert and sable, a dragon segreant maintaining a chess-rook, a double tressure argent.

Elinor Strangewayes and Ulrich von Dunkelberg. Joint household name House Strangewayes.

Listed on the LoI as House Strangeways, both the documentation and the form show House Strangewayes. We have changed the spelling to match the documentation and form.

Elizabeth of Leicester. Reblazon of device. Per chevron Or and gules, a lute and a flute in chevron crossed at the neck purpure and a snowy owl proper.

Registered November 1977 with the blazon Per chevron, Or, a lute in bend sinister crossed at the neck by a flute in bend, purpure, and gules, a snowy owl [Nyctea scandiaca] proper, the blazon reflects an incorrect use of "in bend sinister" and "in bend". The device has been reblazoned to clarify the orientation of the charges and the Linnaean notation has been dropped.

Felipe de Bordeu. Name.

Gabriel of Maccuswell. Device. Per bend sinister argent and sable, a winged trumpet counterchanged all within a bordure embattled vert.

The internal detailing at the trumpet bell helps with the identifiability of the trumpet.

Galefridus Peregrinus. Name.

Iustin Branov. Name.

Submitted as Iustinos Branov, the submitter requested a fully Russian form of ths name. Wickenden, A Dictionary of Period Russian Names s.n. Iustin, dates Iustin to the 13th-14th C. We have changed the name to Iustin Branov, a fully Russian form of this name.

Jenievre McDermot. Name.

This name combines a name documented only to France with Anglicized Irish. Mixing a continental French name with Anglicized Irish is a step from period practice.

John Williams of the East. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Argent, on a chevron azure three fleurs-de-lis argent, in base a stag's head cabossed gules.

Submitted under the name John Williams.

Katherine de Staverton. Name.

Konrad von Altorff. Name.

Luc de Montnoir. Name.

Lysebet van der Wilgen. Name and device. Gules, on a bend sinister sable fimbriated argent between a talbot passant and a willow branch couped Or, three mullets of eight points argent.

Maximilian Gunne. Device. Sable, in pale a heart and a chain of three links chevronwise inverted, the center link fracted, argent.

The submitter has permission to conflict with Solondra Carryl's badge, Sable, a heart argent.

Moira of Kildare. Name and device. Per saltire purpure and Or, a fret counterchanged.

The name Moira is an SCA-compatible Anglicized Irish or Scots spelling of the Gaelic Máire.

The submitter requested a name authentic for 16th C Ireland but accepted only minor changes. For a truly authentic 16th C Irish name, we suggest using Early Modern Irish forms for the given name and byname, and we also suggest adding a patronymic. We have no examples of full names for Irish women in the 16th C that do not include a patronymic byname. The Annals of the Four Masters 1597 entry has "Ro freccradh na fóccarta sin la h-iarla Cille Dara, la Gallaibh Midhe, & Laighen." ("These orders were responded to by the Earl of Kildare, and by the English of Meath and Leinster."). Since an authentic 16th C Irish name would include a patronymic, we've selected one at random--mic Feilim occurs in the entry of the Annals cited above, so we'll use its feminine equivalent, inghean Fheilim as an example. Máire Chille Dhara inghean Fheilim is an example of an authentic 16th C Irish name using the Irish forms of the name elements submitted here. A fully English form, Mary of Kildare would also be appropriate for 16th C Ireland.

Nicola Angelini. Name and device. Gules, on a bend between two standing seraphs argent three quatrefoils palewise gules.

Pascual de la Mar. Device. Per bend gules and azure, two hammerhead sharks naiant in annulo argent.

We have no explicit period citations for the hammerhead shark, but they are found in tropical waters throughout the world. We will give the submitter the benefit of the doubt and allow their registration; however, the use of hammerhead shark as a charge is a step from period practice.

Philadelphia Brown. Name and device. Gyronny Or and gules, a brown mare rampant proper.

Rosette de Rheims. Name.

Sergio da Verona. Device. Or, a wooden crossbow proper within a bordure invected gules.

Please advise the submitter that the invected line needs to be more pronounced.

Sonja Ry{zv}aja. Name and device. Per pale sable and vert, a catamount salient contourny argent spotted sable within a bordure argent.

Theobald Hauoc. Name and device. Vert, a hawk rising contourny argent and in chief a flame proper.

Submitted as Theobald Hafoc, the submitter indicated that he would only accept minor changes. The spelling Hafoc is only documented in Old English. Specifically, it is documented as a spelling for an Old English given name. However, unmarked patronymics are unknown in Old English. Changing the spelling to Hauoc, a Middle English spelling, fixes this problem, since unmarked patronymics are found in Middle English. Consultation with the submitter revealed he would accept this change. Therefore, we have changed the name to Theobald Hauoc in order to register it.

LOCHAC

Aenghas Graham. Name.

The submitter requested an authentic 12th C Scoto-Norman name but allowed minor changes only. The submitted name combines Gaelic and Scoto-Norman in the same name; this is one step from period practice. Because we are unable to change the language of either name phrase, we cannot make this name authentic as requested.

For an authentic 12th C Scoto-Norman name, we would expect to see this name in a fully Scoto-Norman form. Black, The Surnames of Scotland, s.n. Angus, lists an Angus mac Dunec' in 1204. Black s.n. Graham, lists a William de Graham occurring in several charters in the 12th C. In this case, the given name is normalized, but the surname is not. Archibald Campbell Lawrie, Early Scottish Charters: Prior to A.D. 1153, shows this individual listed as Willelmo de Graham in several 12th C charters. Therefore, if the submitter wishes an authentic 12th C Scoto-Norman name, we suggest Angus de Graham.

Alesone inghean Torcaill. Name.

Submitted as Alesone inghean Torcail, the submitter requested a name authentic for 13th-15th C Scotland. The spelling Torcail was documented from Withycombe, The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names. However, Withycombe is not generally reliable for non-English names. The spelling mac Torcaill appears to be the standard Early Modern Irish form of this name; this spelling is found in the Annals of the Four Masters, the Annals of Ulster and the Annals of Loch Cé at various times in the 12th C. We have changed the name to Alesone inghean Torcaill to match the documentation. This name mixes English and Gaelic, which is one step from period practice. We are unable to make the name fully Gaelic or fully English, as changing a name element is a major change, which the submitter will not accept.

If the submitter is interested in a name authentic for her requested time period, she should have a name that is either fully Gaelic or fully Scots/Scoto-Norman. In this case, we have no Scottish Gaelic form of Alesone. Therefore, it is not the best choice for an authentic name that uses a Gaelic surname. However, if the submitter is interested in a fully Scots form of this name, we suggest Alesone M'Korkyll as fully Scots. Black, The Surnames of Scotland, s.n. MacCorkill, dates this spelling of the patronymic to 1561.

Alexandra Hartshorn. Name.

Annabella Debonnaire. Device. Per pale azure and argent estencely azure, a seeblatt per pale argent estencely and azure.

Cairn Fell, Shire of. Branch name and device. Per pale sable and Or, an oak tree eradicated counterchanged and on a point pointed vert a laurel wreath Or.

We wish to remind the College that a point pointed is by default ployé; a point pointed with straight sides is an unblazoned variant. We are aware that a few points pointed have been explicitly blazoned as ployé in the past; however, all points pointed can be drawn ployé. Please advise the submitters to draw the ployé more pronounced.

Crispin Sexi. Device. Sable, a cross engrailed and in canton a roundel argent.

Joan Sutton. Name.

Jocelyn Lockhart. Name.

Jonathon of Loch Swan. Name and Device. Argent, a swan displayed and facing sinister sable, overall a fess counter-compony Or and azure, in chief a label azure.

The submitter has permission to conflict with his father's (Gregory of Loch Swan's) device, Argent, a swan displayed and facing sinister sable gorged of a chain Or, overall a fess counter-compony azure and Or. Blazoned on the LoI as a fess counter-compony azure and Or, the fess is actually Or and azure. While there is a blazonable difference between these two, they are heraldically equivalent. Therefore there is no need to pend this for further conflict checking.

MERIDIES

Aislinn of Loch Cairn. Holding name and device. Per saltire vert and sable, a winged monkey segreant argent and a bordure argent semy of cinquefoils gules.

Submitted under the name Aislinn MacCuithein, that name was returned on the November 2005 LoAR.

Edain inghean Raghalligh. Device. Vert, a hind statant contourny argent collared and chained Or, a bordure Or semy of trefoils vert.

Fionn Ó Cinnéide of Dun na nGall. Device. Per bend vert and sable, a gull migrant to chief argent and a wheel Or.

Jakub z Prahy. Name.

Submitted as Jakub von Praha, the byname von Praha mixes German and Czech in violation of RfS III.1.a, Linguistic Consistency, which says that all elements in a name phrase must be in the same language. In arguing for an appropriate Czech form of the byname, Nebuly notes, "The preposition z takes the genitive when expressing origin from a place ({Sv}ara, p.138), so Praha becomes z Prahy." We have changed the name to Jakub z Prahy, a fully Czech form, in order to register it.

Myfanwy Afrwydd. Device. Per chevron ployé sable estencely and argent, two increscents argent and a wolf couchant azure.

Please instruct the submitter that, as we noted in the return of her previous submission, the ployé must be more pronounced.

Raim y Hynnddyl. Badge. Azure, on a gauntlet aversant argent a Lombardic letter R azure crowned, all within a orle of chain Or.

The submitter is a viscount and thus entitled to display a coronet. He is also a knight of the Society and entitled to the orle of chain. Blazoned on the LoI as a bordure of chain, such usage is unattested. We have blazoned the chain as an orle of chain, which must therefore follow the edge of the shield as a bordure would (rather than as an annulet of chain, which would always be displayed as a circle).

William Scott of Blackwater. Household name House Saxford and badge. Purpure, a cross of four seaxes conjoined at the pommel and on a base wavy argent a barrulet wavy azure.

While the LoI blazon had the seaxes as proper rather than argent, there is not a CD between a sword proper and a sword argent, therefore we are not pending this for further conflict checking. Blazoned on the LoI as a ford proper, a ford needs at least four traits. If the submitted wishes the blazon a ford, we suggest he resubmit with a corrected emblazon.

Yveline bat Shimuel. Name.

Submitted as Yveline bat Shimuel mi Amberland, the locative byname mi Amberland has several problems. First, it mixes Hebrew and English in violation of RfS III.1.a, Linguistic Consistency. Second, Amberland is a translation of Dzimtarzeme, a name which is sometimes used for the country of Latvia. The given name Yveline is a feminine form of a name found in Angevin England, but no documentation was submitted and none found to show substantial contact between Latvia and England in period. Such contact would be required for such a name to be registerable. Finally, the lingua anglica (or lingua franca) allowance does not apply to translations of placenames:

The use of lingua franca translation is extended only to single, simple descriptives. Given names, for instance, may not normally be translated into their putative meaning: e.g. Bear may not be used as a given name, even though it's the lingua franca translation of the given name Björn. Placenames, hereditary surnames, and bynames from different languages (e.g. French and German) likewise don't fall under the lingua franca allowance. [Cover Letter, January 1993]

We have changed the name to Yveline bat Shimuel_ in order to register it.

MIDDLE

Ana ingen Chonchobair. Device. Per chevron argent and vert, a greyhound courant contourny sable and an owl affronty argent.

Eduard Halidai. Device change. Argent, a spoon bendwise within a bordure sable.

Please advise the submitter that the bordure should be drawn wider. His previous device, Per chevron purpure and argent, two butter churns and a cow salient counterchanged, is released.

Kemma Quatremaine. Name.

The submitted requested an authentic 15th C English name. However, we have found no examples of the name Kemma later than the early 14th C. Therefore, we are unable to make the name authentic for the time period requested by the submitter. If the submitter is interested in an authentic 14th C form of this name, we suggest Kemma Quatermains. Bardsley, A Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames has a Thomas Quatermains in 1313.

Michael von Rosenau. Reblazon of badge. Argent, an owl displayed azure, sustaining a rose fesswise gules slipped and leaved vert.

Originally registered July 1987 with the blazon Argent, an owl displayed azure, maintaining a rose fesswise gules slipped and leaved vert, this has been reblazoned since the rose is large enough to be considered sustained, not maintained.

Templemede, Canton of. Branch name.

Submitted as Templemead, Canton of , the submitters requested authenticity for 15th C English and accepted minor changes. No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that the spelling -mead was found in English placenames before the late 16th C. The LoI cited Fause Losenge who provided numerous examples of the element -mede in the 15th century; both mead and mede are derivations of Old English mæd "meadow." We have changed the name to Templemede, Canton of, in order to register it and to comply with the submitters' request for authenticity.

NORTHSHIELD

Clara Isabella de Arredondo. Name.

The submitter originally request an authentic 13th C Spanish name. However, a consultation with the submitter revealed that she preferred the submitted form, which is a reasonable 16th C Spanish name.

Evelyn Westbrook. Name.

Ilaria Lamego. Name.

The submitter requested an authentic 16th C Portuguese name. This is a lovely 16th C Portuguese name.

Katherine Westbrook. Name and device. Per pale argent and azure, a rose and an increscent counterchanged and on a chief sable three dragons rampant argent.

OUTLANDS

Kragon of Land's End. Reblazon of badge. (Fieldless) A sun per bend sinister bevilled fesswise gules and Or.

Registered July 2001 with the blazon A sun per bend sinister bevilled fesswise gules and Or, the LoAR omitted the fact that the badge is fieldless.

WEST

Áine inghean Chathail. Name.

Bella Caterina Malatesta. Name change from Catherine de Gray.

Submitted as Bella Catarina Malatesta, the documentation for the second given name showed Caterina. No documentation was found for the spelling Catarina as an Italian name. We have changed that name to Bella Caterina Malatesta to match the documentation.

Her old name, Catherine de Gray, is released.

Elaine Fairchild of Bishopsgate. Name and device. Argent, a lion barry Or and vert, a bordure vert.

Elena Edgar. Name change from Elena verch Gwilim.

Her old name, Elena verch Gwilim, is released.

Jeene Johnston. Name and device. Vert, a vol within an orle of mullets of eight points Or.

The submitter requested an authentic 12th-14th C Scottish name. However, the given name is documented to the mid-16th C, while the byname is documented to the mid-15th C. Black, The Surnames of Scotland s.n Johnston, notes a Stephen de Johnston in 1377, so the spelling Johnston is also a 14th C spelling (although it would be better accompanied by the article de). So far, though, we have found no examples of the name Jean in Scotland before the 16th C. While Jeene Johnston is a fine 16th C Scottish name, we doubt it is authentic for the 12th-14th C. If the submitter wishes a similar name appropriate for that time, we suggest Joan de Johnston. Joan is dated to 1350 in Talan Gwynek's "A List of Feminine Personal Names found in Scottish Records."

Please advise the submitter that the mullets should be drawn larger.

Kolfinna Káradóttir. Name.

Submitted as Kolfinna Káradottir, the Old Norse patronymic marker may be registered as -dottir or -dóttir depending on whether accents are used in the rest of the name. Since the patronymic Kári is spelled with the accent here, we have changed the name to Kolfinna Káradóttir so that the name uses a consistent transcription system.

Michael the Black. Reblazon of device. Or, two vols in fess, bases outward sable.

Registered in November 1973 with the blazon Or, two pairs of wings displayed and addorsed per pale sable, the blazon does not accurately describe the orientation of the wings. Nor is per pale a term used to describe orientation, it is rather a line of division. We have reblazoned the device to more accurately describe the emblazon.

Michael the Black. Reblazon of augmentation. Or, two vols in fess, bases outward sable, and for augmentation overall on an inescutcheon sable fimbriated an Arabic oil lamp Or.

Registered in August 1979 with the blazon Or, two pairs of wings displayed and addorsed per pale sable overall on an inescutcheon sable fimbriated, an Arabic oil lamp Or, the blazon does not accurately describe the orientation of the wings. Nor is per pale a term used to describe orientation, it is rather a line of division. We have reblazoned the device to more accurately describe the emblazon. Note that this is listed in the Armorial with the blazon (Fieldless) On an inescutcheon sable, fimbriated, an Arabic oil lamp Or, rather than the emblazon from the LoAR.

Muirenn ingen Brain. Name.

Submitted as Muirenn ingen Bhrain, all elements of this name are Middle Irish. However, in Middle Irish, lenitition of the letter B is not written. We have changed the name to Muirenn ingen Brain in order to correct the grammar.

- Explicit littera accipendorum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN RETURNED FOR FURTHER WORK:

AN TIR

Lars ís Björn. Name.

The byname is Björn does not follow a byname pattern found in any Scandinavian language. It combines the word "is" 'ice' with an apparent unmarked patronymic. The submitter intended a name meaning "polar bear" or "ice bear", but this is not it. Cleasby/Vigfusson, An Icelandic-English Dictionary, s.n. ísungr, lists ísungr as a nickname with the desired meaning from Sturlunga Saga. We would change the name to Lars ísungr in order to register it, but this would be a major change, which the submitter will not allow.

The submitter requested an authentic Norwegian name. However, Lars was documented as a Swedish name while the byname was documented as Old Icelandic. We have no examples of a byname meaning "ice bear" in Norwegian. However, if the submitter is interested in a Norwegian form of the given name, Lind, Norsk-Isländska Dopnamn och Fingerade Manm Från Medeltiden, s.n. Lafranz, has numerous Norwegian forms of this name, including Laurens 1349, Lares 1487, and both Larss and Llars in the 1480s. If the submitter is interested in an authentic Norwegian name, we suggest starting with one of these forms with a contemporary form of the name Bi{o,}rn, which also means "bear". "Diplomatarium Norvegicum" (http://www.dokpro.uio.no/dipl_norv/diplom_field_eng.html) shows 160 occurrences of Biornsson between 1400 and 1499. Larss Biornsson or Llars Biornsson should be reasonable 15th C Norwegian names using these elements.

ATENVELDT

Sedania le Blacke. Device. Per chevron sable and gules, a cross of Santiago and a bordure argent.

This device is returned for conflict with Anne of the Golden City, Purpure, a cross flory within a bordure argent. There is a CD for changes to the field. Per precedent, there is no difference between a cross flory and a cross of Santiago (q.v. : Taran z Azov, 12/04, R-Calontir).

ATLANTIA

Elizabet Sinclair of Rosslyn. Name.

This name is presumptuous under RfS VI.1, which says "Names containing titles, territorial claims, or allusions to rank are considered presumptuous." As Rosslyn is a seat of the Sinclairs, this is a claim to be a Scottish clan chief. We would drop the locative element in order to register the name, but the submitter will allow no changes.

The submitter requested authenticity for 16th C Scotland. We note that the spelling Sinclair and Rosslyn are header spellings in Black, The Surnames of Scotland; these spellings are not among the dated spellings. The Sheriff's Court Book of Fife, 1513-1522 shows the spellings Sinclar, Sinclare, and Synclair. Unfortunately, we have no 16th C examples of Rosslyn in any spelling, and no period examples we have for this name include the -ss- spelling. For an authentic 16th C Scots name, we suggest Elizabet Sinclare.

Hidden Mountain, Barony of. Order name Order of the Mountain Peacock.

This name does not follow period order name patterns. This name would need to follow the pattern "heraldic charge". However, while the submitters have documented that peacocks were found in mountain regions, they have not documented the phrase "mountain peacock" as being used to describe such birds. Names of the form mountain + [bird] have been returned in the past:

"[Order of the Mountain Hawk] No evidence was given that mountain is a reasonable adjective to apply to a hawk." [Highland Foorde, Barony of, October 1999, R-Atlantia]

"[Order of the Mountain Lark] No evidence was given that mountain is a reasonable adjective to apply to a lark." [Highland Foorde, Barony of, October 1999, R-Atlantia]

There was a question whether the pattern Order of the [X] of the Mountain is grandfathered to the Barony, which might make the name Order of the Peacock of the Mountain. However, this is not the case. The registered order name is Order of the Pinnacle of the Mountain. A pinnacle is a standard part of a mountain, but a peacock is not. Therefore, Order of the Peacock of the Mountain cannot be supported under the grandfather clause.

The commentary noted that the submitters originally wanted to submit Order of the Peacock. We note two conflicts with this name, Peacock Pursuivant, registered to the West in April 1981 and Order of the Peacock of the Debatable Lands registered to the Barony-Marche of the Debatable Lands in April 1981. We note that Order of the Peacock of Hidden Mountain would be registerable if the group obtained letters of permission to conflict with these two branches.

Hidden Mountain, Barony of. Badge. Per chevron sable and argent, three clouds one and two argent.

This badge is returned for conflict with Gabbriella Mocenigo's device, Per chevron sable and argent, two winds respectant argent and a moon in her plenitude sable. There is a CD for changing the type of more than half the primary charges as there is a CD between a wind and a cloud. The second CD must come from either tincture or arrangement. As only one of the three primary charges has changed tincture there is note a CD for tincture. Nor is there a CD for changing the arrangement of the charges. RfS X.4.g states "Changing the relative positions of charges in any group placed directly on the field or overall is one clear difference, provided that change is not caused by other changes in the design." Making the third cloud argent requires that it be moved to the sable portion of the field, therefore any change in arrangement is caused by this change in design and a CD cannot be obtained for the difference in arrangement.

This badge was submitted for the Award of the Silver Cloud.

Hidden Mountain, Barony of. Badge. Per chevron azure and argent, three clouds one and two argent.

This badge is returned for conflict with of Brigid of Skye's device, Per chevron azure and argent, three clouds counterchanged. There are no countable differences between Brigid's device and Hidden Mountain's badge. There is not a CD for changing the tincture as only one of the three clouds has changed tincture. While the bottommost of three charges arranged two and one counts as half the charges, we look at changes from the registered armory to the armory in submission. Since Hidden Mountain's badge is the armory in submission, and the clouds are arranged two and one, the tincture of half of the charges has not been changed. Nor is there a CD for changing the arrangement of the charges. RfS X.4.g states "Changing the relative positions of charges in any group placed directly on the field or overall is one clear difference, provided that change is not caused by other changes in the design." Making the third cloud argent requires that it be moved to the azure portion of the field, therefore any change in arrangement is caused by this change in design and a CD cannot be obtained for the difference in arrangement.

This also conflicts with Elisabetta Tempesta's device, Azure, three clouds argent. There is a CD for the changes to the field. However, as with Brigid's device, there is not a CD for the arrangement of the clouds.

This badge was submitted for the Award of the Azure Cloud

Hidden Mountain, Barony of. Badge. Per chevron gules and argent, three clouds one and two argent.

This badge is returned for conflict with Brigid of Skye's device, Per chevron azure and argent, three clouds counterchanged. There is a CD for changes to the field. There is not a CD for changing the tincture under RFS X.4.d as only one of the three clouds has changed tincture. Nor is there a CD for changing the arrangement of the charges. RfS X.4.g states "Changing the relative positions of charges in any group placed directly on the field or overall is one clear difference, provided that change is not caused by other changes in the design." Making the third cloud argent requires that it be moved to the gules portion of the field, therefore any change in arrangement is caused by this change in design and a CD cannot be obtained for the difference in arrangement.

This badge was submitted for the Award of the Crimson Cloud.

Julienne fille Gaspard. Badge. Per pale sable and azure, on a dove displayed ermine a key cross azure charged with a cross clechy argent.

Blazoned on the LoI as a cross of Toulouse, the cross's interior is not of the underlying tincture as there are no ermine spots within the cross. In fact, the ermine spots were cut off at the edge of the cross. Thus this is actually a key cross charged with a cross clechy and is returned for violating RfS VIII.1.c.ii - Layer Limit, which states "All charges should be placed either directly on the field or entirely on other charges that lie on the field." We note that it may not be possible to draw an acceptable cross of Toulouse as a tertiary charge on an ermine charge - both the underlying tincture and the cross must retain their identifiability, which is hampered by the relatively small size of most tertiary charges.

CAID

Aonghus Lyndesay. Device. Vert, an eagle argent and a sinister tierce checky sable and argent.

This device is returned for conflict with John of Ean Airgead, called the Mad Celt's device, Vert, a chimney swift migrant palewise argent. [Chaetura pelagica]. There is a CD for adding the tierce but that is the only countable difference. There is no difference between displayed and migrant palewise; nor is there a difference between an eagle displayed and a chimney swift migrant.

Balthazar van der Brugghe. Device change. Or, a schnecke issuant from sinister chief sable.

Unfortunately, this device must be returned for conflict with Damian Thorvaldsson's device, Sable, a gurges Or. Per the July 2005 Cover Letter, Damian's device is equivalent to Or, a gurges sable. Under that blazon, there is only a single CD between Balthazar's device and Damian's for the difference between a schnecke and a gurges.

Erdenitei Badm-a-Delgere. Device. Or, a ram-horned demon's head cabossed within an annulet of lotus petals vert.

This device is returned for lack of identifiability. The submitter has redrawn the device in an attempt to address the reasons for the previous return (August 2005). The demon's head is now recognizable; however, even though the lotus petals have been redrawn as individual petals conjoined in annulo, they still are not identifiable. At this point, we must conclude that it is not possible to draw flower petals and allow them to be recognized. Barring evidence of their use in period heraldry, flower petals are not registerable charges.

Fionnuala MacNaulty. Name.

This item appeared on the January 25, 2006 Caid Letter of intent, and was registered as Fionnghuala inghean an Ultaigh on the May 2006 LoAR. This is a duplicate item; it has been withdrawn by the kingdom.

Josseline Margretyinge. Device. Per bend gules and sable, a dog rampant Or.

This device is returned for conflict with Ana Moonstar's device, Azure, a wolf rampant reguardant Or, maintaining in its teeth a mullet of eight points argent, standing upon a moon in her plentitude per pale argent and sable. As noted in the March 2006 LoAR (q.v. Elric Strangulf, R-An Tir), Ana's moon is equivalent to a maintained charge and thus there is only a single CD for changes to the field.

Robyn Foxle. Name.

Aural conflict with the reputed name for Robin Hood, Robin of Locksley. Numerous commenters remarked on this resemblance.

Thorin Ó Séaghda. Name.

Aural conflict with Thorland O'Shea, registered February 1990. The pronunciations of the bynames are identical. There are two small sound differences in the given name, the l and d in the final syllable. However, in practice the d at the end of the name is often dropped, leaving the l sound being the only difference.

His armory was registered under the holding name Thorin of Caid.

CALONTIR

None.

DRACHENWALD

None.

EALDORMERE

Séamus mac Dubhgaill. Device. Per saltire argent and Or, on a goute de sang a goblet argent within a bordure bendy gules and Or.

This device is returned for lack of contrast due to using a bordure bendy sharing a tincture of the field. The bordure loses its identifiability when large strips of it share a tincture with the field. The submitter has dealt with this by drawing a thick black line between the bordure and the field. This keeps large portions of the bordure from disappearing but it also appears to be fimbriation; a bordure cannot be fimbriated. On resubmission please advise the submitter to draw the goutte more goutte-like and the goblet more as a standard heraldic goblet.

EAST

Doucette de Verdun. Badge. (Fieldless) A fleur-de-lys within and conjoined to a horseshoe gules.

This badge is returned for a visual conflict per RfS X.5 with Jacqueline de Lyons' badge, (Fieldless) A fleur-de-lys within and conjoined to an annulet gules. A comparison of the two emblazons showed that the small bit of annulet of the bottom of the fleur-de-lys was not enough to allow them to be distinguished.

John Williams. Name.

Conflict with the registered name John FitzWilliam, registered February 1994. RfS V.1.a.ii.(a) says "Two bynames of relationship are significantly different if the natures of the relationships or the objects of the relationships are significantly different." Since FitzWilliam and Williams are both patronymics (bynames of relationship) meaning "son of William", they are considered equivalent for terms of conflict. The name also conflicts with the name of the well known 20th Century popular composer, John Williams.

His armory was registered under the holding name John Williams of the East.

LOCHAC

Ascelin d'Ypres. Device change. Quarterly per fess indented purpure and ermine.

Blazoned on the LoI as per pale and per fess indented, that blazon is ambiguous in that it is unclear as to whether the per pale line is also indented. Unfortunately, this device must be returned for conflict with Francesca Martini, Quarterly per fess indented azure and ermine, with a single CD for changing half the tincture.

Torcail MacLeòid. Name.

This name conflicts with Torquil McLeod, registered September 1991. The names are identical in sound and nearly identical in appearance; they are the Gaelic and Anglicized Gaelic versions of the same name.

MERIDIES

None.

MIDDLE

None.

NORTHSHIELD

None.

OUTLANDS

None.

WEST

Niall Mór. Name.

This name is presumptuous of the Irish king, Niall Naoighiallach (Niall of the Nine Hostages), who is also known as Niall Mór. As a sovereign and one of the central figures of Irish history and legend, any names commonly used for this figure are worthy of protection.

- Explicit littera renuntiationum -

- Explicit -