THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN REGISTERED:

ÆTHELMEARC

Alexander MacDougall. Name.

Alîme bint Yorgi. Name.

Eilionóra Ghorm inghean Phaidín. Name and device. Per chevron throughout argent and azure, a decrescent argent and on a chief sable three triquetras argent.

The submitter requested an authentic 16th C Irish name. Although we have no examples of the descriptive byname Gorm used by women, there is nothing about this descriptive that makes it explicitly masculine. We believe it is still a reasonable 16th C byname for a woman.

Florian de Pompierre. Name change from Florian Dupommier.

Her old name, Florian Dupommier, is released.

Isibel Thorgrimskona. Name.

Katherine Wert. Name and device. Vert, in bend three mascles bendwise Or.

Mariana Maria Pietrosanti. Name and device. Vert, a dragonfly and a chief triangular Or.

Pietrosanti is her legal maiden name.

Pavel Dudoladov. Name.

Rhiannon of Ravenglass. Device. Sable, a decrescent and on a chief argent three mullets sable.

Rígnach inghean uí Chonaill. Name and device. Per pale vert and azure, a chevron between three Thor's hammers argent.

Originally submitted as Rígnagh inghean uí Chonaill, the name was changed to Rígnach inghean Uí Chonaill at kingdom to match the documentation. There is no need to capitalize the second patronymic particle; the various Irish annals at CELT (http://www.ucc.ie/celt) show this pattern with both capitalization and all lowercase letters. Therefore, we have changed the name to Rígnach inghean uí Chonaill.

This name combines Middle Irish and Early Modern Irish in the same name; this is one step from period practice. While Conall is spelled the same in both Middle and Early Modern Irish, the patronymic particle inghean marks the patronymic as Early Modern Irish. The given name is Middle Irish. A fully Middle Gaelic form of the name is Rígnach ingen uí Chonaill.

Thorgrim Vargh{o,}sson. Name and device. Sable, two boar's heads couped close and addorsed and on a bordure Or three crosses crosslet fitchy sable.

AN TIR

Aethelred of Andredesleage. Badge. (Fieldless) A stag's massacre within and conjoined to an annulet of chain Or.

The submitter is a knight and thus entitled to display an annulet of chain.

Avine de Hert. Name and device. Vert, a stag trippant contourny argent between three oak leaves Or.

Avine de Hert. Badge. (Fieldless) Three oak leaves conjoined in annulo Or.

Constance Wyatt. Name and device. Azure, in pale a lion statant Or and a rose argent, barbed vert, seeded gules between flaunches Or.

This name is not a conflict with Constance Waite registered December 1995. While the given names are identical, the bynames have a different number of syllables and different vowel sounds in the stressed syllable. While they are close in appearance, we believe that they are different enough to avoid confusion.

Please advise the submitter to draw the flaunches issuant from the corners of the shield, not slightly towards the center of the chief as in the submitted emblazon.

Deorswið æt Wudeleage. Name and device. Per pall vert, azure, and argent, three oak leaves conjoined in pall inverted Or, argent, and gules.

Submitted as D{e-}orswith aet Wudeleage, the documentation for the given name, Searle, Onomasticon Anglo-Saxonicum, shows the normalized spelling Deorswith, while the second citation, "The Prosopography of Anglo-Saxon England" (http://www.pase.ac.uk/pase/apps/index.jsp), also shows Deorswith as the normalized form, and Deorswið as the "recorded form". The documentation for the byname, Reaney & Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, shows æt Wuduleage. In Old English names, ae is not a valid transliteration for æ. The submitter indicated that if the name needed to be changed, Anglo-Saxon [Old English] language/culture was most important to her. Therefore, we have changed the name to Deorswið æt Wudeleage, a fully Old English form, to match the documentation.

Eiríkr Hrafnkelsson. Device. Sable, three furisons one and two argent.

Eiríkr Hrafnkelsson. Badge. Sable, a furison Or.

Nice badge.

Elisabeth Litton. Name.

This is not a conflict with Elizabeth Little, registered September 2005. The endings of Little and Litton are sufficiently different to avoid confusion. While the commenters were divided about pronunciation, they demonstrated that, in most dialects, the pronunciations were different enough to avoid confusion.

Gemma Delaroche. Name change from Gemma Meen.

Her old name, Gemma Meen, is retained as an alternative name.

Lucia Magna. Name and device. Per bend Or and purpure, a triquetra and a rose bendwise counterchanged slipped and leaved vert.

The rose is blazoned as bendwise because of the orientation of the slip and leaves. These are equivalent to maintained charges and thus neither require good contrast with the field nor contribute to difference. No difference is granted for the orientation of a rose, though an orientation may be blazoned when the rose is slipped.

Randal Fitz Alan the Redowtable. Name change from Randal the Redowtable.

His old name, Randal the Redowtable, is retained as an alternative name.

Robert de Perceval. Name.

Listed on the LoI as Robert de Perceval, the forms show Robért de Perceval. However, no documentation was provided for the form Robért, so we decline to change the name back to the originally submitted form.

ANSTEORRA

Anne atte Rydeforde. Name.

Nice 13th English name!

Ansteorra, Kingdom of. Order name change to Award of the Sable Falcon from Award of the Sable Falcons.

The old name, Award of the Sable Falcons, is released.

Gregor Mac Beathain. Name and device. Per saltire Or and azure, a cat rampant guardant counterchanged.

Submitted as Gregor MacBeathain, the submitter noted this about the byname, "I would prefer not to have the space, because I mean clan member, not son-of." However, the space is always found in Gaelic and does not alter the submitter's intended meaning. Rowel explains:

The space does not make any change to the meaning of the name. (And the "no space" form is not period; numerous precedents including [Gavine Mac Cormaic, 12/2003, A-Trimaris].) Since the <Mac> is capitalized, it generally indicates the family, not a literal 'son of' relationship. For more info about capitalization in Gaelic bynames, see:

From Pelican: Capitalization of Gaelic Particles: mac versus Mac

A submission this month raised discussion regarding whether capitalization of particles in Gaelic bynames carried a particular meaning or not. Given the amount of discussion and varying opinions, a clarification is in order.

Capitalization of name elements in period Gaelic documents was less consistent than it is now, but it was not completely random. Most sources that reference Irish Gaelic names use standardized transliteration rules for rendering Gaelic text. For example, John O'Donovan, Annals of Ireland, by the Four Masters, is a facing page translation. Each left-hand page is a transcription which preserves capitalization as it appears in the original work. Each right-hand page is a 19th C translation of the corresponding left-hand page. The examples listed below (with 19th C translations) are taken from the year 1400 (vol. 4). A period after a letter indicates a punctum delens (which looks like a dot that appears above the preceding letter). A punctum delens is usually transliterated as an h following the letter in question. For example, {m.} is transliterated as mh. The notation e represents a "long e" character. In some cases, it is transliterated as e. In other cases, it is transliterated as ea.

• hoiberd mac Emainn mic hoiberd a burc ("Hubert, the son of Edmond, son of Hubert Burke", pp. 768-769)

• cathbarr {m.}ág aon{g.}usa ("Caffar Magennis", pp. 768-769)

• Con{c.}o{b.}ar mac Do{m.}naill mic néill {g.}air{b.}, mic aoda, mic do{m.}naill óicc uí {d.}o{m.}naill ("Conor, the son of Donnell, son of Niall Garv, son of Hugh, son of Donnell Oge O'Donnell", p. 770)

Modern transliteration standards render literal bynames with non-capitalized particles and family names with capitalized particles. For example, mac Néill would indicate that this man's father was named Niall, while Mac Néill would indicate that Mac Néill was his family name. In a period document, mac Néill could indicate that either that his father was named Niall or that his family name was Mac Néill. [Cover Letter for the 06/2002 LoAR]

We have changed the name to Gregor Mac Beathain in order to register it and to preserve the submitter's desired meaning.

This name mixes Scots and Gaelic; this is one step from period practice.

Jacqueline Reynolds. Name.

Ullrich Verloren. Name.

ARTEMISIA

Jennet Moir de Brechin. Name.

Simon Novgorodov. Name.

ATENVELDT

Adaleide de Warewic. Device. Per chevron azure and gules, three dogwood blossoms one and two and a tower argent.

This device conflicts with the device of Jamila al-Zuhayriyya, Per pale gules and azure, four quatrefoils in cross argent, which is registered elsewhere on this letter. There is a CD for changes to the field but nothing for changing the type only of one quarter of the charges. Both Adaleide and Jamila are paid members. As Atenveldt's LoI is dated one day earlier than Outlands's LoI, Adaleide's device takes precedence and is registered. She has provided a letter of permission to conflict to Jamila.

The submitted device does not conflict with the device for Aldgytha of Ashwood, Per saltire gules and sable, four roses argent barbed and seeded proper. There is a CD for changes to the field. Dogwood blossoms are essentially quatrefoils, and thus have a CD from roses. This is in line with the precedent:

Ærne Clover. Device. Or, a four-leaved clover saltirewise slipped vert. This is clear of conflict with Kathleen Regina the Wild Irish Rose, Or, a rose vert, its stem nowed sable, in chief two lions rampant gules. The type comparison between the primary charges in the devices is, effectively, the difference between a rose and a quatrefoil, and these two charges have a type CD between them: "Quatrefoils and roses do not appear to have been considered equivalent charges in our period" (LoAR of October 1995). [LoAR 08/2002]

This overturns the October 1998 precedent (v. David Cade) which said that there is no difference between dogwood blossoms and roses.

Brian le baylly. Name.

The submitter requested an authentic 13th C Irish name. While the name is a lovely 13th C Anglo-Norman name, and a name that might be found borne by a Norman in Ireland at that time, the language is not Irish Gaelic.

Cristina Rose da Napoli. Device. Azure, a sunflower proper, on a chief argent three goblets gules.

While sunflowers are New World flowers, Parker cites a single instance in English heraldry dated 1614: the arms of Florio (originally from Spain), blazoned Azure, a heliotrope (or sunflower) or issuing from the stalk sprouting out of two leaves vert; in chief the sun in splendour proper. Therefore the use of a sunflower is not a step from period practice.

The fact that Florio's arms have both a sun and a sunflower is evidence that period heralds did not consider these to be the same charge. Therefore, the submitted device is clear of the device for Isabel d'Avignon, Azure, a sun Or, on a chief argent three decrescents azure. There is a CD for the changes to the tertiary charges and another for the difference between a sun and a sunflower.

Edward Harrison. Name and device. Quarterly azure and sable, an eagle and a base indented argent.

Elias Loredan. Badge. Sable, a horse rampant argent charged with a compass rose sable, a bordure embattled argent.

Gallant O'Driscole. Badge. (Fieldless) A thunderbolt sable.

Merewyn of Brittany. Reblazon of device. Per saltire argent and azure, a saltire counterchanged between in pale a Latin cross flory and an axe reversed sable and in fess two suns Or.

Registered in July 1982 with the blazon Per saltire argent and azure, a saltorel counterchanged between in pale a Latin cross flory and an axe reversed sable and in fess two suns Or, a saltorel is couped by default. In this case, the term saltorel referred to the fact it was a skinny saltire. We have corrected the blazon to indicate that the primary charge is a saltire. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion of saltorels.

Michael of Moria. Reblazon of device. Gules, a saltire counter-ermine between in pale a Celtic cross formy and a cup inverted bendwise Or.

Registered in July 1971 with the blazon Gules, a saltorel counter-ermine between in pale a Celtic cross patty and a cup inverted bendwise, both Or, a saltorel is couped by default. In this case, the term saltorel referred to the fact it was a skinny saltire. We have corrected the blazon to indicate that the primary charge is a saltire. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion of saltorels.

In period the term cross patty was used to describe a variety of crosses including patonce, formy, and sometimes fleury. As the device is being reblazoned for other reasons, we have elected to more accurately describe the cross.

Richard of Mont Royal, the Short. Reblazon of badge. (Fieldless) On a star of David sable, a saltorel throughout Or.

Registered in June 1973 with the blazon (Fieldless) On a star of David sable, a saltorel Or, a saltorel is couped by default. The blazon has been corrected to indicated that the saltorel in this case is throughout.

Robert MacAlister of Leslie. Badge. Barry wavy argent and azure, a heart and a bordure gules.

Rowena of Cornwall. Name and device. Or, a staff proper, ensigned with a triquetra azure, sustained and entwined by a pithon vert.

The name Rowena was declared no longer SCA-compatible (and hence not registerable barring documentation of its use in period) on the September 2007 Cover Letter. However, we will continue to allow registration of this name as an SCA-compatible name until the May 2008 decision meeting in fairness to submitters who already had a name in progress.

Blazoned on the LoI as a ragged staff, this is simply a staff. A ragged staff (like the bear-and-ragged staff badge of the Warwicks) is almost a pale raguly and couped rather than an actual walking stick. (For ragged staves bendwise or fesswise, of course, substitute the appropriate ordinary.)

Note that the staff and pithon are co-primary charges; normally a charge entwining another is a maintained charge.

Thomas Cyriak Bonaventure. Name.

Timothy Blackwell. Device. Per saltire sable and azure, a phoenix Or and a bordure erminois.

Please advise the submitter that the flames should be drawn as a single mass; they should also be somewhat larger and not have the heavy black outlining that the submitted emblazon had.

Uther the Dark. Badge. (Fieldless) A bear rampant within and conjoined to an annulet argent.

ATLANTIA

Ailis inghean uí Bhriain. Name.

We request submissions heralds who cite names from Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals" (http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/), to please cite the dates given in the article for when the name is found. This helps the commenters in evaluating temporal edge cases (and determining when they are viewing an edge case).

Alianor atte Red Swanne and Marc d'Aubigny. Joint badge for Chastelle de Furneux. Per bend sable and Or, a fleur-de-lys Or and a grozing iron fesswise gules.

Precedent states:

It has been requested that the long-standing SCA tradition of assuming that a submitter automatically grants himself permission to conflict should finally be enshrined, in writing, in these hallowed LoARs. Therefore, let it be explicitly known that a submitter is assumed to give himself permission to conflict with all names and armory registered to him individually or jointly." [Timothy of Glastinbury, 11/02, A-Ansteorra]

The question was raised whether or not this precedent applied where the conflicting armory is owned by the secondary owner of the submitted armory, as in this submission. The badge in this submission conflicts with Marc's badge Per bend sable and Or, a fleur-de-lys Or and a lozenge gules. As the badge in submission is owned jointly, both owners are assumed to grant permission for it to conflict with any armory that is registered to them individually or jointly.

Cairell mac Cormaic. Name change from Karchar the Blue-eyed.

His old name, Karchar the Blue-eyed, is released.

We request submissions heralds who cite names from Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals" (http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/), to please cite the dates of the annals entries given in the article for the name. This helps the commenters to evaluate temporal edge cases (and determine when they are viewing an edge case).

Ceara níc Fhionnghalaigh. Device. Or, a dragonfly and on a chief purpure three spools of thread Or.

Dúnlaith ingen Báethgalaig. Name and device. Per fess rayonny sable and Or, three dragonflies, two and one, and a raven counterchanged.

Nice 8th C Irish name!

We request submissions heralds who cite names from Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals" (http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/), to please cite the dates given in the article for when the name is found. This helps the commenters in evaluating temporal edge cases (and determining when they are viewing an edge case).

Elizabet de Roslyne. Device. Sable, a mullet of eight points Or within a bordure argent mullety of eight points sable.

Godai Katsunaga. Name.

The submitter requested authenticity for the Sengoku period of Japan, which lasted from the middle of the 15th century to the beginning of the 17th century. Solveig Throndardottir notes:

[T]he name structure for the period is unlikely as it is missing a yobina. As seen in many documents and the kyogen "Bikusada", yobina were normative for male members of the buke during the Sengoku period.

For an authentic Sengoku-era name, we recommend that the submitter chose a 16th century yobina.

Gunnora Swanburn. Name and device. Argent, a pale offset between in bend sinister two swans naiant sable.

Gwyneth of Avondale. Device. Per chevron sable and Or, three decrescents one and two Or and a goblet sable.

This does not conflict with the device for Sáerlaith ingen Rúadáin, Per chevron sable and Or, an increscent and a decrescent Or and a fox rampant gules. There is a CD for changing the number of primary charges. By precedent, upheld as recently as February 2008 (v. Aurora Cecilia da Castel di Sangro), multiple changes to a charge on one side of a line of division yield a CD even if that charge is numerically less than half the charge group. As both the type and tincture of the bottommost charge has changed, a CD may be granted for the changes.

Henricus Guotman. Name and device. Per fess wavy vert and purpure, in chief an ox yoke Or.

Isabel de Nedham. Device. Per pale sable and azure, an otter statant between three triquetras argent.

Isabel de Nedham. Badge. Per pale sable and azure, in pale two triquetras argent.

Isabetta del Gatta. Name.

Nice 15th C Italian name!

Isolda Jourdan. Name and device. Per bend sinister azure and gules, a sun in splendor and a lion rampant guardant within a bordure Or.

Please advise the submitter that the sun and the lion should be drawn larger as befits their status as primary charges.

Juan Bautista Ponçe. Device. Chevronelly Or and gules, an eagle sable and a base embattled vert.

Katerina de Kelly. Name and device. Per chevron sable and gules, two open scrolls Or and a money bag argent.

This name does not conflict with Catelin O'Kelley, registered September 1996:

Submitted as Constancia Kelly, this name would conflict with Constance O'Keeley (registered in June 1997). The name Kelly has two origins. It is both an Anglicized form of the Gaelic name Ó Cadhla (Woulfe, p. 447 s.n. Ó Cadhla) and a form of a locative byname derived from the locations Kelly and Kellie in Scotland. As both O'Keeley and Kelly are Anglicized forms of the Gaelic name Ó Cadhla, they conflict.

The submitted documentation for the byname specifically mentioned Warin de Kelly, who is dated to 1194 in Reaney & Wilson (s.n. Kelly). We have changed the byname to the marked locative form de Kelly to clear the cited conflict, since patronymic bynames and locative bynames can only conflict via sound and appearance, and de Kelly and O'Keeley are different enough in both sound and appearance that they do not conflict. [Constancia de Kelly, 10/2002, A-Æthelmearc]

The scrolls were blazoned as addorsed on the LoI. We do not blazon whether a scroll opens to the right or left, nor do we differentiate between scrolls opening to the right and left, therefore there is no need to describe them as addorsed.

Kolbeinn Þorfinnsson. Name.

Nice Old Norse name!

Larisa Mikhailovna. Name.

Lyneya Allain. Name and device. Purpure, on a cross argent a cross of Calatrava purpure, a bordure argent.

Please advise the submitter to draw the cross of Calatrava to fill the available space on the underlying cross.

Margaret Wolseley. Name.

Mariana de Salamanca. Device. Or, in pale three ferrets statant sable within a bordure engrailed azure.

Muirenn ingen Áeda. Device. Or, between the horns of a decrescent a triquetra, an orle purpure.

Nuala ingen Magnusa. Name and device. Sable, three oak leaves in pale within a bordure argent.

This name mixes Middle Irish and Early Modern Irish spellings; this is one step from period practice.

We request submissions heralds who cite names from Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals" (http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/), to please cite the dates given in the article for when the name is found. This helps the commenters in evaluating temporal edge cases (and determining when they are viewing an edge case).

Philip Bell. Alternate name Ghaltai Jida.

Rakel Kyrre. Name.

By precedent, descriptive bynames in Old Norse are only registerable in all lowercase letters. However, the submitter has provided evidence that she is the daughter of Sunniva Kyrre, whose name was registered in November 2000. This means that the mixed case Kyrre is registerable to her via the grandfather clause.

Sebastiano Giovanni Gasparo. Device. Gules, in fess a sword inverted proper sustained by a sealion erect within an orle of suns Or.

CALONTIR

Chrystofer Kensor. Reblazon of device. Azure, a wolf rampant contourny argent maintaining in his sinister paw an axe bendwise argent hafted Or, a base argent and in chief a ducal coronet Or.

This was registered on the February 2008 LoAR with the blazon Azure, a wolf rampant contourny argent maintaining in his sinister paw an adze bendwise argent hafted Or, a base argent and in chief a ducal coronet Or. At the time the maintained charge was reblazoned from a Franciscan axe. The submitter has requested that the charge be blazoned as some type of axe, at the very least as an adze-axe. He points out that the term adze is generally associated with a woodworking tool and is unlikely to reproduce the submitted emblazon. We note that this form of adze (doloire, hache - it has various blazons) is found in period heraldic art in the Ingeram Roll, c.1450 (plate 104, the arms of Sturmfeder), and in illuminations as the symbol of St. Matthias (as seen in the Hours of Catherine of Cleves, plate 115). However, as he desires this to be more clearly identified as an axe we are reblazoning it as such. Any form of an axe may be depicted with this blazon, though the most common depiction will be a battle-axe.

Chrystofer Kensor. Reblazon of augmentation. Azure, a wolf rampant contourny argent maintaining in his sinister paw an axe bendwise argent hafted Or, a base argent and in chief a ducal coronet Or, for augmentation, on a canton purpure a cross of Calatrava and a bordure Or.

This was registered on the February 2008 LoAR with the blazon Azure, a wolf rampant contourny argent maintaining in his sinister paw an adze bendwise argent hafted Or, a base argent and in chief a ducal coronet Or. At the time the maintained charge was reblazoned from a Franciscan axe. The submitter has requested that the charge be blazoned as some type of axe, at the very least as an adze-axe. He points out that the term adze is generally associated with a woodworking tool and is unlikely to reproduce the submitted emblazon. We note that this form of adze (doloire, hache ? it has various blazons) is found in period heraldic art in the Ingeram Roll, c.1450 (plate 104, the arms of Sturmfeder), and in illuminations as the symbol of St. Matthias (as seen in the Hours of Catherine of Cleves, plate 115). However, as he desires this to be more clearly identified as an axe we are reblazoning it as such. Any form of an axe may be depicted with this blazon, though the most common depiction will be a battle-axe.

EAST

Amina of Songhay. Name and device. Or, a bald Mooress's head cabossed and on a chief sable three cowrie shells fesswise argent.

Documentation was provided that cowrie shells were known to Europeans in period, thus by section VII.4 of the Rules for Submission ("Flora and fauna that were known in the period and domain of the Society may be registered in armory") they are registerable charges. That leaves the question of whether or not they are identifiable. Commentary was mixed on this issue. Albion pointed out arms in Siebmacher (center column, second row, f. 135, Linsingen) of what may very well be cowrie shells. Rietstap gives the blazon as "de gueules à trois fasces d'azur, chargé de sept besants d'argent, 3, 3, et 1" (Gules, three fesses azure charged with seven bezants argent, 3, 3 and 1). The charges are unlikely to be simple bezants, but what they are is unknown at this point. However, they look enough like the cowrie shells in this submission, and as cowries shells were clearly known to Europeans in period, that we are granting the submitter the benefit of the doubt and registering these as cowrie shells.

Amina of Songhay. Badge. (Fieldless) A cowrie shell fesswise argent.

Documentation was provided that cowrie shells were known to Europeans in period, thus by section VII.4 of the Rules for Submission ("Flora and fauna that were known in the period and domain of the Society may be registered in armory") they are registerable charges. That leaves the question of whether or not they are identifiable. Commentary was mixed on this issue. Albion pointed out arms in Siebmacher (center column, second row, f. 135, Linsingen) of what may very well be cowrie shells. Rietstap gives the blazon as "de gueules à trois fasces d'azur, chargé de sept besants d'argent, 3, 3, et 1" Gules, three fesses azure charged with seven bezants argent, 3, 3 and 1). The charges are unlikely to be simple bezants, but what they are is unknown at this point. However, they look enough like the cowrie shells in this submission, and as cowries shells were clearly known to Europeans in period, that we are granting the submitter the benefit of the doubt and registering these as cowrie shells.

Angharad verch Rees. Name change from holding name Angharad of Anglespur and badge. (Fieldless) A goutte quarterly azure and argent.

The submitter requested an authentic 13th C Welsh name and indicated that she would not accept changes to the given name. While we have no examples of the spelling Angharad in the 13th C, Harpy notes:

Although the spelling "Angharad" doesn't show up in any of the 13th c. sources currently in my database, it does show up in early 14th c. ones such as Willis-Bund (1326) and Rees (1352), both of which are Anglo-Latin legal records of the same type as the Merioneth Lay Subsidy on which the 13th c. article was based.

Therefore, this is a reasonable 14th C Welsh name.

Anssem van Rienen. Name and device. Sable, a griffin contourny and a label argent.

Nice 15th C Dutch name!

Arabella Grant. Name and device. Or, a pall inverted purpure between two butterflies gules and two axes in saltire sable.

Auriana filia Germani. Name and device. Or, a scorpion gules and on a chief sable three eggs Or.

The submitter requested a name authentic for Germanic Gaul. However, both elements are of Latin origin, so this may not be an authentic Germanic name.

Ávaldr Valbjarnarson. Name.

Caitríona MacLeod of Kilchoan. Name and device. Per chevron vert semy of bees proper and argent, in base a wooden spoon proper.

There was some question whether the spelling Kilchoan was found in period, as no documentation was submitted showing a date for that form. We have found that spelling in Latin on p 444 of The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, George Powell McNeil, ed., where a response of 1559 notes a terrarum de Kilchoan. This would suggest a vernacular Kilchoan as well.

This name mixes Gaelic and Scots; this is one step from period practice.

Clara Beaumont. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Corwin MacCamie. Name change from holding name Corwyn of Carlsby.

The name Corwin was declared no longer SCA compatible (and hence no longer registerable) on the September 2007 cover letter. However, registration of this name is sunsetted through the May 2008 decision meeting to be fair to submitters whose names were already on a Letter of Intent. Therefore, this submission may be registered.

Corwin Renwald. Reblazon of device. Argent, a bend sinister purpure between a raven volant, wings addorsed, and a rose, slipped and leaved, issuant from sinister base sable.

Registered in October 1984 with the blazon Argent, a bend sinister purpure between a raven volant, wings erect, and a garden rose, slipped and leaved, issuant from sinister base sable, the position of the wings was omitted. We have dropped the term garden in line with current practice for blazoning roses. We note that any rose may be drawn as a garden rose or, preferably, as a heraldic rose.

Deirdre de Iuei. Name and device. Quarterly gules and argent, in bend sinister two ivy leaves vert.

This name mixes Gaelic and Anglo Norman English; this is one step from period practice.

Deroch Negotiatrix Vini. Name change from holding name Deroch of Northern Outpost.

Diana the Wanderer. Name and device. Per pale sable and Or, two talbots passant respectant counterchanged.

The byname the Wanderer is SCA compatible.

Dionysia Birdclever de Brigge. Name (see RETURNS for device).

There was some question whether the byname Brigge was a true locative rather than a topographic byname. Mills, The Dictionary of British Place-Names, s.n. Bridge, lists Brige as a place name in 1086. Under the entry Bridge Sellers, he lists Bricge in 1086. Given these citations, the name de Brigge should be fine.

Donovan Shinnock. Device. Per pale sable and vert, on a chief argent a fox passant gules.

Please advise the submitter to draw the chief somewhat wider and the fox somewhat larger.

Ela Bathory. Name and device. Azure semy-de-lys, an open book argent.

Nice device.

Emeline la Corte. Name and device. Per pale sable and gules, a sword between four daisies two and two argent.

Francesco Giovanni Raffaello da Venezia. Name and device. Azure, three chevronels braced and in base a gondola argent.

Gavin von Abentrot. Name and device. Sable, a hawk rising wings displayed between three estoiles argent.

Submitted as Gavin von Abendroth, the byname was documented as a header spelling from Brechenmacher, Etymologisches Woerterbuch der deutschen Familiennamen. To be registerable, an undated header form must be shown to be consistent with period forms, but this is not the case with this name. Brechenmacher shows dated forms of Abenrode in 1250 and Abentrot in 1578. Various spellings of Gavin were dated only from the late 15th C. Given that the name is already a step from period practice for combining English and German, it makes sense to change the byname to a form temporally consistent with the given name. We have changed the name to Gavin von Abentrot in order to register it.

This name mixes English and German; this is one step from period practice.

This device is clear of the device for Lena Solway, Per pale gules and vert a swan rousant wings displayed between three estoiles argent. There is a CD for changes to the field. As both birds are in period postures appropriate for them, and there is a significant visual difference between the birds in these postures, there is at least a CD for the type of bird.

Ibrahim al-Rashid ibn Musa. Name and device. Per saltire gules and argent, two gouttes de sang.

Nice device.

Ieuan ap Gwilym. Name and device. Per fess argent and vert, a domestic cat sejant erect guardant gules, a bordure wavy azure.

This is not a conflict with John FitzWilliam, registered February 1994. The two names are significantly different in sound and appearance. Although English and Welsh are registerable together without penalty, they are, nevertheless, two different languages. The standard we use for names in different languages is whether they are significantly different in sound and appearance.

Ilias Bathory. Name and device. Per pale ermine and sable, a falcon striking azure.

Irene Lenoir. Badge (see RETURNS for household name). (Fieldless) An olive branch bendwise fructed vert.

This badge is clear of the badge for John de Irwyne, (Fieldless) A holly branch bendwise vert, fructed gules. There is a CD between a holly branch and an olive branch, and another CD for fieldlessness. The submitted badge is also clear of the badge for the Barony of Madrone's Order of the Red Branch, (Fieldless) A madrone tree branch bendwise gules leaved vert, with CDs for fieldlessness and the tincture of the primary charge.

Iuliana Angelina. Name and device. Vert, a squirrel and on a chief embattled Or, three acorns inverted slipped and leaved vert.

Katharine Long. Name and device. Per fess sable and Or, a lion rampant to sinister reguardant, maintaining a fasces Or, and a fern frond vert.

Lasairfhiona inghean Cheallaigh. Name and device. Vert, a horseshoe inverted and on a chief argent two arrows inverted in saltire sable.

Leofric æt Couæntréé. Device. Argent, a raven contourny sable and on a chief embattled vert three bezants.

Lilie Dubh inghean uí Mórdha. Device. Azure, six owls and a chief argent.

Please inform the submitter that, while charges may differ somewhat in size in order to fill the available space, they should be closer in size than shown in the submitted emblazon. If the top three owls were drawn smaller, the bottom three could grow in size.

Lukas von Ach. Name and device. Quarterly vert and azure, a cross of Jerusalem between four mullets of six points argent.

The submitter requested an authentic 15th C German name. The submitted documentation dated the given name spelling to the 14th C. However, Brechenmacher, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Familiennamen, s.n. Breitschwert, has Lukas Breitschwert in 1486. Therefore, this is already an authentic 15th C German name.

Magdalena d'Arzenta. Device change. Gules, three spiders inverted, a bordure argent.

The submitter's previous device, Gules, a decrescent, an increscent, and a spider argent, is released.

Magnús Sigurðarson. Name and device. Per pale Or and gules, a goat rampant and in chief a mullet of four points argent.

Michael of Carillion. Household name House of the Black Chicken (see RETURNS for badge).

Miyamoto Jirou Tadayoshi. Name and device. Per bend sinister nebuly purpure and Or, an ounce rampant contourny ermine and a heron azure.

Submitted as Miyamoto Torajirou Tadayoshi, no documentation was submitted and none found to support the element Tora- in birth-order yobina. We have changed the name to Miyamoto Jirou Tadayoshi in order to register it.

Blazoned on the LoI as a natural tiger the feline lacks the stripes associated with a tiger. Nonetheless, we would have considered retaining that blazon for purposes of the cant with tora; however, as that portion of his name has been dropped we have reblazoned the feline as the ounce it more closely resembles.

Mór filia Scayth. Name and device. Vert, on a bend gules fimbriated three cinquefoils Or.

Submitted as Morag filia Scayth, no documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that the name Mórag is either found prior to the 18th C or can be constructed using known patterns in Gaelic given names. The pattern was justified from Black, The Surnames of Scotland, p. lvi, which says, "-ag. Now a feminine diminutive suffix." However, the full quote is "-ag. Now a feminine diminutive suffix. (1) with nouns, e.g., Fearn-aig "little place of alders;" (2) with adjectives, Dubh-ag "little black one," a common streamlet name." This says two things: first, and most important, that the use of -ag as a suffix is modern, and second, that it is found in topographic and descriptive surnames. There is nothing here to suggest that the usage is found in period. Barring documentation for such usage Morag is not registerable, nor are other Gaelic given names formed by adding -ag to a given name. The submitter noted that she would accept Mór if Mórag was not registerable; we have changed the name to Mór filia Scayth in order to register it.

Nikolai Yekene Isakov. Name.

Preston of Aschehyrst. Device. Argent, a bend sinister wavy azure, overall a crow rising sable.

Please advise the submitter that the bend sinister should be centered on the upper corner of the shield.

Ragnarr valfrekr. Name and device. Per pale sable and gules, a Thor's hammer between two ravens respectant and in chief a tyr rune argent.

Roger le Brouillard. Badge. Per pale sable and argent, a two-towered castle charged with a sword on each tower, in chief two swords in saltire, all counterchanged.

Sciath ingen Chaennaig. Badge. Argent, on a saltire vert a beehive between four bees palewise Or.

Stephen Renwald. Name and device. Argent, a bend sinister purpure between a raven volant, wings addorsed, and a rose, slipped and leaved, issuant from sinister base sable, a label couped purpure.

The byname Renwald is part of his father's registered name, Corwin Renwald, registered May 1983.

The submitter has permission to conflict with the device of Corwin Renwald (his father), reblazoned above as Argent, a bend sinister purpure between a raven volant, wings addorsed, and a rose, slipped and leaved, issuant from sinister base sable.

Swannoc Foxton. Name and device. Vert, in bend two swans naiant argent.

Symon de Poitiers. Name change from Sion ap Llywelyn and device change. Azure semy-de-lys argent, a chevron between three gryphon's heads erased Or.

The submitter requested authenticity for 1446 Nancy (France). While we did not find any examples of de Poitiers in the 15th century, the LoI gave an example from 1556 and Poitiers can also be found in the 14th century. Oeuvres de Froissart [Texte imprimé]. Chroniques, publ. avec les variantes des divers ms. par M. le baron Kervyn de Lettenhove, which largely preserves the Middle French spellings of the originals, has various examples including Aymar de Poitiers (vol III, 1339-1342, p. 85). While we cannot say absolutely that de Poitiers is authentic for the 15th century, it is highly likely. An alternative form that we can confirm is authentic is Symon Poitevin, Poitevin being an adjectival byname meaning 'man for Poitiers'. Poitevin is dated to 1455 in Aryanhwy merch Catmael "French Names from Chastenay, 1448-1457".

His old name, Sion ap Llywelyn, is released.

His old device, Azure, on a chevron between three gouttes argent a drakkar azure, is retained as a badge.

Symon de Poitiers. Badge. Azure semy-de-lys argent, a chevron Or.

Nice armory.

Toki Redbeard. Name change from Garth Fairchild and device change (see RETURNS for badge). Paly wavy argent and sable, a fess wavy gules.

The byname Redbeard is a Lingua Anglica rendering of rauðskeggr 'red beard', found in Haraldson, The Old Norse Name, p. 26.

His old name, Garth Fairchild, is retained as an alternative name.

His previous device, Azure, a bend sinister argent, overall a greyhound's head erased, vulned at the throat, proper, is retained as a badge.

Wentliana Bengrek. Name.

William Percival de Drummyn. Name and device. Per pale sable and purpure, a caltrop Or and on a chief argent three equal-armed Celtic crosses sable.

Ysenda Macbeth of Islay. Badge. Vert, a tree eradicated and in chief a squirrel courant, a bordure embattled argent.

The submitter has permission to conflict with Lilias de Cheryngton, Vert, a crequier within a bordure embattled argent.

Zakalus Latizlo. Name and device. Vert semy of crescents pendant, on a pile between two owls respectant Or a tree proper.

As noted on the February 2008 Cover Letter, piles should not be drawn with a charge beneath the point. The submitted emblazon had a crescent beneath the point of the pile, which caused some calls for the device to be returned. However, the crescent is one of a semy of charges; a single charge the size of the crescent (or just about any charge found in a semy of charges) would be returned as being too small. The placement of one charge of a semy of charges (or an ermine spot in an ermine field) below the pile is not grounds for return, though such extensions are not encouraged.

LOCHAC

Aminah bint Yusuf al-Zarqa'. Name.

Conrad Sturmere. Name and device. Per pale argent and azure, two battle axes in saltire counterchanged.

Gryffen Bladesmyth. Name.

Nice 15th C English name!

MERIDIES

Callum of Greycastell. Device. Per fess engrailed sable and vert, a swallow volant and a castle argent.

Blazoned on the LoI as a dove, the forked tail of the bird makes it a swallow not a dove.

Clas Hebenstreit. Device. Per saltire argent and sable, four saltorels counterchanged gules and argent.

There was some discussion on whether or not the saltorels needed to be blazoned as couped. They don't. In the rare cases where saltorels are throughout (such as on an ordinary), that fact must be blazoned. Otherwise, saltorels are understood to be couped. See the Cover Letter for further discussion on saltorels.

Dorothea Wilhelms. Name.

Nice 15th C German name!

Enric Bongnier. Reblazon of device. Per chevron gules and sable, a chevron rompu argent between two open scrolls and an armillary sphere Or.

Registered in September 2004 with the blazon Per chevron gules and sable, a chevron rompu argent between in chief two scrolls and in base an armillary sphere Or, the fact that the scrolls are open was omitted from the blazon. As the blazon had to be amended in any case, we've taken the liberty of simplifying it.

Gefroi le Gris. Name.

Nice 13th C French name!

Honnorée Chuquet. Name and device. Per bend azure and vert, a bend argent crusilly pommety palewise gules between two roses argent.

Blazoned on the LoI as quatrefoils, the tertiary charges appear to be crosses rather than quatrefoils. The submitter has stated that she is willing to accept crosses, therefore, we have blazoned the tertiary as the crosses they appear to be rather than returning this for a redraw.

Jose Leodefrediz. Badge. Argent, in pale a demi-maiden proper crined gules and vested purpure and two cutlasses in saltire sable.

In registering the arms of the College of Sankt Vladimir in October 2001 Laurel wrote:

The device blazon appears at first glance to refer to an argent angel on an argent field. However, given the tinctures of the hair, wings and garb of the angel, there is no argent portion of the angel which rests directly on the field. Thus this has no more of a contrast problem than there is in the arms Argent, a cross argent fimbriated azure.

The same is true in this case: while Caucasian proper is equivalent to argent, and thus generally not registerable on an argent field, in this case no portion of the maiden's skin is touching the field. In April 1993 (v. Rosamond of Lancashire) it was ruled "a design that depends on artistic details (long flowing hair, style of dress) to achieve acceptable contrast is fatally flawed". That precedent referred to a maiden argent; Laurel noted at the time "this would be acceptable if the maiden were entirely gules -- indeed, if the skin were proper I'd be willing to meet the submitter halfway -- but I can't permit argent on argent, when only artistic license makes the figure visible." At this time we are ruling that in the case of humans proper relying on the hair and clothing to prevent a contrast problem is acceptable. If you have to specify the hair style or style of clothing to guarantee identifiability of the charge, then a contrast problem will exist. If you simply say "crined and vested", and the result is little or no skin touching the field, then a contrast problem doesn't exist (assuming the human can still be identified). This applies only to humans proper, not humans argent.

Kilian the Black. Device. Gyronny argent and vert, a bear rampant maintaining an ax Or and on a chief sable two bees Or.

Laurencius Legnano. Device. Per pale sable and gules, a griffin segreant contourny reguardant between in chief two goblets Or.

Lucia Isabela de Castilla. Name.

This name mixes Spanish and Occitan; this is a step from period practice.

Mægwynn Attewode. Name and device. Per fess gules and purpure, a fess engrailed on the upper edge and invected on the lower edge between three fleurs-de-lys and a dolphin haurient argent.

This name mixes Old English and Middle English; this is one step from period practice.

We have no evidence that a fess engrailed on the upper edge and invected on the lower edge is a period charge, nor do we have evidence of fesses (or other ordinaries) treated with two different complex lines of partitions. Thus use of such an ordinary is a step from period practice.

Séamus Yonger. Name and device. Per chevron azure and Or, two mullets of six points Or and a thistle vert headed purpure, a base azure.

This name mixes Gaelic and English; this is one step from period practice.

Blazoned on the LoI as a thistle proper, as precedent notes it is not proper as more than the tuft of petals is purpure:

The thistle was originally blazoned as proper. Thistles, when proper, have green leaves and slips. The "head" of the thistle is comprised of a ball of sepals with a tuft of petals at the top. The head of a thistle proper is drawn with the ball of sepals tinctured in vert and the tuft of petals tinctured in gules or purpure. (To quote Lions Blood, "Only the mohawk is purple.") [Guendolen of Cumbria, 01/2003, R-Atlantia]

Svana eyverska. Name.

Nice Old Norse name!

William Scrivener. Household name Company of Saint Augustine of Canterbury.

William Scrivener. Badge. (Fieldless) A cross crosslet fitchy quarterly gules and sable.

Please inform the submitter that the fitched limb should be drawn longer than the other three limbs of the cross.

NORTHSHIELD

Umm Mishal `Inan bint Da'ud al-Maraghi. Name change from Aregunda de Aria.

Submitted as Umm Mishal al-Katib 'Inan bint Da'ud al-Maraghi, no documentation was submitted and none found for kunyas that follow the pattern Umm + ism + nisba. Barring documentation for this formation, it is not registerable. In addition, the documentation for the ism, Da'ud ibn Auda, "Period Arabic Names and Naming Practices", (http://heraldry.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/arabic-naming2.htm), shows `Inan instead of 'Inan; `I and 'I represent different letters. We have changed the name to Umm Mishal `Inan bint Da'ud al-Maraghi in order to register it.

Her old name, Aregunda de Aria, is retained as an alternative name.

OUTLANDS

Acelin Makeinzie. Name.

There is a more than 300 year gap between the dates given for these name elements; this is one step from period practice.

Carlos Nieto de Andrade. Name.

Geillis inghean Phóil uí Shirideín. Name.

Submitted as Geillis inghean Póil uí Sirideín, Gaelic grammar requires that the patronyms be lenited. We have changed the name to Geillis inghean Phóil uí Shirideín to correct the grammar.

The name Geillis is documented as a Scots name. This means this name mixes Scots and Gaelic, which is one step from period practice.

Jamila al-Zuhayriyya. Name and device. Per pale gules and azure, four quatrefoils in cross argent.

Submitted as Jamila al-Zuhayriyyah, the final -a in Jamila and the final -ah in al-Zuhayriyyah are alternative transliterations of the same letter. Precedent requires that a single transliteration system be used within a name. We have changed the name to Jamila al-Zuhayrriyya in order to register it.

This device conflicts with the device of Adaleide de Warewic, Per chevron azure and gules, three dogwood blossoms one and two and a tower argent, which is registered elsewhere on this letter. There is a CD for changes to the field but nothing for changing the type only of one quarter of the charges. Both Adaleide and Jamila are paid members. As Atenveldt's LoI is dated one day earlier than Outlands's LoI, Adaleide's device takes precedence and is registered. She has provided a letter of permission to conflict to Jamila.

TRIMARIS

An Crosaire, Barony of. Badge for Ordo Torquis. (Fieldless) A snake in annulo lozengy vert and Or.

Barbara Reiterer. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Barbara Reitterer, Reitterer is a header spelling from, Bahlow/Gentry, A Dictionary of German Names. Header spellings are only registerable if they are consistent with period forms, but none of the dated forms contain the double-t. We have changed the name to Barbara Reiterer to match the documentation.

Bretislava Jerábek. Badge. (Fieldless) An arrow argent.

Nice badge.

Brighid inghean Chonchobhair uí Néill. Name.

Submitted as Brighid inghean Chonchobhair uí Nheíll, the name has two minor problems. First, the lenition is not spelled out with the letter n in Gaelic names. Second, the documentation submitted with the name shows the second byname as Néill instead of Neíll. We have changed the name to Brighid inghean Chonchobhair uí Néill to correct the grammar and match the documentation.

The documentation noted the source and page number, but provided no information about what the source said about the names. This is particularly important when citing names from the source used here, Ó Corráin and Maguire, Irish Names. This source has multiple header forms, some period and some modern, and includes legendary and explicitly modern names. Failure to summarize sources is grounds for return. Fortunately, the commenters provided the missing information.

Cecily Pykerynge. Name and device. Or, three strawberries proper.

Nice device.

This is clear of the device for Jean le Reynard, Or, a strawberry [Fragaria Virginianus] pierced by a viol bow bendwise proper. There is a CD for changing the number of primary charges. The viol bow is co-primary, therefore there is a second CD for changing from half strawberry / half viol bow to all strawberries. See the Cover Letter for a discussion on strawberries proper.

Eridano Auri. Name and device. Azure, a fess wavy between three mullets of eight points Or, in chief a crescent argent.

Grace Carter. Name.

Nice 16th C English name!

Gwenhwyfar Ver Cain. Name.

Submitted as Gwenhwyfar Ber Cain, the descriptive byname, Ber, is in its unmutated form. The documentation dates this name to the 13th century. Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn "A Simple Guide to Constructing 13th Century Welsh Names" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/tangwystyl/welsh13.html) notes, "Women will always use the mutated form of a nickname." We have changed the name to Gwenhwyfar Ver Cain to correct the grammar.

Isabel Glengavel. Name.

Jeva of Ellysmere. Name.

Kristof de Lorenzo. Name.

Submitted as Kristof De Lorenzo, no documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that the preposition should be capitalized in an Italian patronymic surname such as this. We have changed the name to Kristof de Lorenzo to match the documentation.

This name mixes Hungarian and Italian; this is one step from period practice.

Leif MacAlestir. Name.

Submitted as Leif McAlestir, Mc is a scribal abbreviation for Mac. It is a long-standing precedent that scribal abbreviations are not registerable. The September 2007 cover letter spelled out how such scribal abbreviations would be expanded:

...for names found in Scots documents and for Anglicized Irish names, the abbreviations M' and Mc will be expanded to Mac in both first- and second-generation patronymics...

We have changed the name to Leif MacAlestir in order to register it. We note that the byname is in a Scots form, not a Gaelic form, so no space is needed after Mac.

This name mixes Norwegian and Scots; this is one step from period practice.

Líadan ingen Fháeláin meic Thigernaig. Name (see RETURNS for device).

The documentation noted the source and page number, but provided no information about what the source said about the names. This is particularly important when citing names from the sources used here, Ó Corráin and Maguire, Irish Names, and Black, The Surnames of Scotland. Ó Corráin and Maguire includes multiple header forms, some period and some modern, and includes legendary and modern names. Black lists a variety of spellings under each headers with dates provided for each spelling; not all forms cited in Black are found in period and a few names are modern. Failure to summarize sources is grounds for return. Fortunately, the commenters provided the missing information.

Lylie Dendelyoun. Name and device. Gules, a chevron embattled-counterembattled between two lilies and a dragonfly Or.

María of Vogelburg. Name.

Miguel Antonio Fernandez de Chaves. Name change from Griffin de Mohun and device change. Sable, on a fess gules fimbriated between four lozenges ployé, three and one, two lozenges ployé Or.

His old name, Griffin de Mohun, is retained as an alternative name.

His previous device, Per pale azure and Or, a griffin passant regardant counterchanged, is retained as a badge.

Miguel Antonio Fernandez de Chaves. Release of badge. Or, a griffin's head erased contourny within a bordure azure.

Patrizia Bonacorsi da Catania. Name.

Perikl{e-}s ho Spartiat{e-}s. Name and device. Per pale argent and sable, an octopus within a bordure counterchanged.

Please advise the submitter that the octopus's legs should not cross beneath each other.

Santiago Castañon DeAnda. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Santiago Castanon DeAnda, the summary cited Juliana de Luna, "Spanish Names from the Late 15th Century" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/isabella/index.html) as the source for the spelling Castanon. However, this source shows Castañon, not Castanoñ. These are not alternative spellings; in Spanish ñ and n are different letters. We have changed the name to Santiago Castañon DeAnda to match the documentation.

DeAnda is the submitter's legal surname.

Serafina la Volpicella. Name.

The documentation included on the LoI listed only the header form, source, author, and page number; in this case the sources were de Felice Dizionario dei Nomi Italiani and Dizionario dei Cognomi Italiani. With dictionary works such as these, it is particularly important to include what the source says about the name. Failure to include such information may be reason for return. Fortunately, the commenters provided information necessary to register this name.

Shamus O'Carolan. Badge. (Fieldless) A sun Or, overall a rapier inverted bendwise sinister sable.

The LoI failed to note that the rapier is inverted; however, sufficient commenters noted the correct orientation that this need not be pended for further conflict checking.

Trimaris, Kingdom of. Badge. Or, a chamfron sable.

Zephirine le Megre. Name and device. Per pale gules and sable, a chevron Or between three octopi argent.

Submitted as Zepherine le Megre, no documentation was submitted and none found showing this is a period spelling of this name. The name appears as Zephirinus in Polychronicon Ranulphi Higden maonachi Cestrensis; together with the English translations of John Trevisa and of an unknown writer of the fifteenth century, as the name of an early pope and saint. This would yield a possible 15th C vernacular Zephirin or Zephirine (although we have no evidence that this particular pope was venerated in England; the source for both the submitted documentation and the documentation found by the commenters). We have changed the name to Zephirine le Megre in order to register it.

Please advise the submitter that the octopi's legs should not cross beneath each other.

WEST

Anna de Serra. Name and device. Gules, in pale a sunflower and a bee Or.

While sunflowers are New World flowers, Parker cites a single instance in English heraldry dated 1614: the arms of Florio (originally from Spain), blazoned Azure, a heliotrope (or sunflower) or issuing from the stalk sprouting out of two leaves vert; in chief the sun in splendour proper. Therefore the use of a sunflower is not a step from period practice.

The fact that Florio's arms have both a sun and a sunflower is evidence that period heralds did not consider these to be the same charge. Therefore, the submitted device is clear of the flag of Macedonia, Gules, a sun Or. There is a CD for adding the bee and another for the difference between a sun and a sunflower.

Annora Raines. Name.

Sarah Wydville. Device. Per fess argent and paly argent and sable, in canton a rose, a bordure sable.

Uther Schiemann der Hunt. Badge. Per saltire gules and sable, a cross gurgity Or.

- Explicit littera accipiendorum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN RETURNED FOR FURTHER WORK:

ÆTHELMEARC

Robert l'Etourdi. Device. Vert, six bezants one, two and three and on a chief Or three pellets.

This device has been withdrawn by the submitter.

AN TIR

None.

ANSTEORRA

None.

ARTEMISIA

Björn Hrafnsen Ohnstad. Name.

As documented, this name is two steps from period practice. While various forms of the given name and the patronymic are found in Norway throughout the Middle Ages, the form Björn specifically represents the Old Norse spelling Bi{o,}rn. (The j is a modern transcription standard in this case, and the {o,} represents an o-ogonek). According to "Latin Small Letter O with Ogonek" (http://www.decodeunicode.org/u+01EB) "In Icelandic, it [o-ogonek] merged with /ø/ in the 13th century." This means that the form represented by this submission is specifically an Old Norse form, not found possible after the 13th C. The spelling of the farm name, Ohnstad is not found in period. While the farm existed earlier, we have found no spellings with On earlier than the late 16th C. Earlier forms are significantly different in sound and appearance, and the submitter will not accept major changes. This means we cannot change the locative to one of these forms in order to register the name. As such then, the name mixes Old Norse and Norwegian, and has a more than 300 year gap between the spellings for the given name and the locative. Therefore, we are forced to return this name.

The submitter checked the box that if the name had to be changed he was most interested in language/culture, but he also indicated that he was particularly interested in the spelling Ohnstad. (The spelling is found in a family genealogy). Because we have found no forms of the farm name similar to the submitted spelling earlier than the late 16th C, we would suggest resubmitting this as an entirely late period Norwegian name. The "Diplomatarium Norvegicum" website (http://www.dokpro.uio.no/dipl_norv) lists 55 documents showing the form Biørn between 1550 and 1600. The same source lists a Hrafn Brandz son in 1475 (bIV s.719) and Boduar Hrafnsson in 1419 (v.II s.485). Oluf Rygh, Norske Gaardnavne, lists Onstadt 1578 and Onnstad 1593 (both in V.1, p 35). In resubmitting, we would suggest Biørn Hrafnsson af Onnstad as a late period Norwegian name closest to the form submitted here.

Gryphon's Lair, Barony of. Heraldic title Golden Spike Pursuivant.

This name falls afoul of section III.A.9 of the Administrative Handbook, which says "No name or device will be registered to a submitter if it is identical to a name or device used by the submitter for purposes of identification outside of a Society context." Gryphon's Lair is located in Weber County, Utah, which is part of the region known as the Golden Spike Empire. In addition, the name, in conjunction with the location of the group, is obtrusively modern. Many commenters noted the connection and noted that it brought to mind explicit images of the American West and the railroad era. In a random sample of non-heralds, most associated the name with the modern event, and one even commented "There is only one Golden Spike, and that's the railroad spike." (For a summary of the Golden Spike and the American transcontinental railroad, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_spike).

ATENVELDT

None.

ATLANTIA

None.

CALONTIR

None.

EAST

Clara Beaumont. Device. Azure, in pall a mouse statant between three tulips argent.

This device is returned for conflict with the device for Ellyn Heath of Hemingford Grey, Azure, a rat statant argent. There is a CD for changing the number of primary charges; however, that is the only CD as no difference is granted between a mouse and a rat. As described in the July 2005 Cover Letter, "From Wreath: Counting Difference", you cannot get a CD for adding charges and then changing the type of the added charges. Please see that Cover Letter for an extensive discussion on counting CDs.

Dionysia Birdclever de Brigge. Device. Azure, a bend sinister Or, overall a popinjay argent tailed gules.

This device is returned for lack of contrast: blazoned on the LoI as an African grey parrot proper, the bird is a popinjay with white body, red tail, and black beak. In returning the device of Ymanya Bartelot (Or, a popinjay gules beaked, winged and tailed argent) in October 2007 it was ruled:

This device is returned for inadequate contrast of the popinjay. The defining features of the popinjay, its beak and tail, are argent on Or. This lack of contrast fatally hinders identification of the bird. We've previously ruled (Catherine Townson, February 2006) that there's a CD between a raven and a popinjay, based on the beak and tail; it thus becomes important that those features be seen, which means they must have good contrast.

Similarly, in this submission the beak and tail lack contrast with the field, which is sufficient grounds for return.

Irene Lenoir. Household name Chateau Lenoir.

No documentation was submitted and none supplied by the commenters that Chateau is a period spelling for the word Chasteau. Chateau is an alternative spelling of Château; but no evidence was provided that either form is found in period. Barring documentation that the spelling Chateau is found in period, it is not registerable. Because the submitter will accept no changes, we are forced to return this name.

There was some question whether French castle names followed the pattern [Chasteau} + [descriptive surname]. We have found no evidence for such a formation; this is a second reason for returning this name. Dauzat and Rostaing, Dictionnaire étymoligique des noms de lieux en France. s.n. Chateau, shows several patterns, including castle names formed from given names, topographical features, local towns, and descriptions. These patterns would suggest Chasteau Noir.

Michael of Carillion. Badge. Gyronny argent and gules, a hen displayed sable and a bordure Or.

This badge is returned for conflict with the device of Andrei de Sevastopol, Gyronny argent and gules, a double-headed eagle displayed sable. There is a CD for adding the bordure but nothing for the difference in type of bird. Indeed, it is the fact that period birds displayed were overwhelmingly eagles which results in no difference for the type of bird here.

The use of a bird, other than an eagle, displayed is a step from period practice.

Simon Caspar Joder von Steffisburg. Badge. Or, a kindjal and overall a human eye sable.

We have registered a kindjal dagger once before, to Umbar in Harchiral Dandachi in 1980. No evidence was provided at that time, or with the current submission, that the kindjal dagger is a period artifact. The earliest examples that Wreath could find dated from the early 19th century. Lacking evidence that the kindjal dagger, in this form, is a period artifact it is not registerable.

Toki Redbeard. Badge. (Fieldless) A chevron wavy couped paly wavy argent and sable.

This badge is returned for a redraw. While some commenters were, in fact, able to blazon this badge, the majority agreed that it was not generally recognizable as a heraldic charge and it therefore must be returned.

LOCHAC

None.

MERIDIES

Faelan Haraldsson. Device. Per pale sable and argent, two wolves combatant sustaining between them a rose in chief all within a bordure counterchanged.

This device is returned under the long-standing ban on chased armory. To quote the March 1986 return of the badge for Reginleif the Unruly: "Umbration, or adumbration, is known in SCA armory as 'chasing'. Chased means voided but with the interior details and lines still showing as well as the outline." (WvS, 22 Jan 80, p.3; in Prec III:14) The practice was disallowed in April 1982, as part of the general ban on 'thin-line heraldry' that also restricted voiding and fimbriation. The rose should be solidly tinctured.

NORTHSHIELD

None.

OUTLANDS

None.

TRIMARIS

Barbara Reiterer. Device. Per bend sinister Or and gules, a horse's head couped contourny and a sun, a bordure counterchanged.

This device is returned for a redraw of the sun: about half the commenters were unable to identify the charge without resorting to the blazon.

Dereder ingen Donnchaid meic Chormaic. Name.

The spelling of the given name, Dereder, is not registerable. While the submitted documentation noted that it occurred in Black, The Surnames of Scotland, s.n. Deirdre, the spelling that occurs there is actually Derdere. As an unattested spelling, Dereder is not registerable. On this particular entry in Black, precedent notes:

...So, a summary of my [Effrick neyn Kennyeoch's] findings:

<Deredere> is a mistake by Black -- there is no evidence for this spelling in any case in any language at this time.

<Derder> is a Latin nominative case form used 4 times in 3 late 12th century charters.

<Derdere> is a Latin form used 1 time in 1 late 12th century charter, and may be nominative case but I believe is more likely a mistake (that is, really an oblique case spelling).

<Derder> is also a reasonably plausible speculative late 12th century Scots/English spelling of the name.

Given this, we will, in future, decline to register the form Derdere, as it is unlikely that this is truly a representative of this name in the nominative case.

The submitter noted that she wanted an authentic 12th C Gaelic name. The forms noted above are Latin and Scots, not Scottish Gaelic. It is very likely that these Latin forms represent the Gaelic name Deirdre (which is registerable as an attested Gaelic name). We would change the name to Deirdre ingen Donnchaid meic Chormaic, a fully 12th C Gaelic form of this name, but the submitter indicated that she would not accept changes to the spelling Dereder. Therefore, we are forced to return this name.

The documentation noted the source and page number, but provided no information about what the source said about the names. This is particularly important when citing names from the sources used here, Ó Corráin and Maguire, Irish Names, and Black, The Surnames of Scotland. Ó Corráin and Maguire includes multiple header forms, some period and some modern, and includes legendary and modern names. Black lists a variety of spellings under each headers with dates provided for each spelling; not all forms cited in Black are found in period and a few names are modern. Failure to summarize sources is grounds for return. Fortunately, the commenters provided the missing information.

Gwennan ferch Gwydion Ddyved. Badge. (Fieldless) Four double-tipped knitting needles fretted in saltire Or.

This badge is returned for conflict with the device for Geoffrey de Blenkinsopp, Checky sable and argent, a saltire parted and fretted Or. There is a CD for fieldlessness; however, that is the only CD as Gwennan's knitting needles are functionally equivalent to a saltire parted and fretted.

Líadan ingen Fháeláin meic Thigernaig. Device. Sable, a tree eradicated and in chief three crescents all within an orle argent.

This device is returned for a redraw. Blazoned on the LoI as a rowan tree, the tree appears to be an oak tree; however, it cannot be adequately determined as the emblazon appears to be badly pixelated clip art. In addition, there is a large proportion of sable within the tree, which is not acceptable. As only a line drawing was on the OSCAR LoI, none of the commenters were able to address this issue.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the crescents with a circular outline, rather than an elliptical outline. Had such a crescent been a sole primary charge, such a distortion may have been grounds for return.

Santiago Castañon DeAnda. Device. Sable, a phoenix Or issuant from flames "proper", on a chief engrailed Or three crosses bottony gules.

This device is returned as the flames are not proper and are colored in such a way that they can not be adequately blazoned to ensure reproducibility. The top part of the flames are gules and the bottom Or. Commenters couldn't note this problem as only an outline emblazon was provided in OSCAR.

Thomas von Wildtstein. Badge. (Fieldless) A stein per pale gules and sable charged with a letter "W" Or.

This badge is return for redesign. Section VII.3 of the Rules for Submission requires that "Artifacts that were known in the period and domain of the Society may be registered in armory, provided they are depicted in their period forms." The "W" depicted here is a modern, sans-serif form of the letter, having all the strokes of identical size. As such, it is not registerable.

Trimaris, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Gull Øx Herald.

This is a direct conflict with the household name Gulløxarmannakyn, registered February 1997. While the submitters have a letter of permission to conflict from the owner of this name, Haakon Bjornsson, the element -mannakyn is the designator, and the -ar- is a necessary grammatical addition. Because designators and spelling changes necessitated by grammar do not count for difference, these names are functionally identical. We do not register identical names (functional or otherwise), even with letters of permission to conflict.

Trystell-Tre, Shire of. Branch name and device. Argent, a tree proper between in fess two laurel wreaths vert, a base checky azure and Or.

This name does not follow patterns found in English place names. First, we have no examples of tryst or trystell (or any variants thereof) in use in English place names. Second, we have found the term trystell-tre only in poetic usage, where it is unclear whether it applies to a particular tree or to a concept or allegory. (Its use in the Robin Hood gestes works equally well as a reference to the forest in general as to a specific location in the forest). The submitters did not show a pattern of English place names formed in the same manner as the submitted name. Given this information, as well as the fact that the submitters accepted no changes, we are forced to return this submission.

If the submitters are interested in a similar sounding name, we suggest Trisel, which is dated to 1236 in Ekwall, The Concise Dictionary of English Place-Names, s.n. Trysull.

Alternatively, if the submitters are interested in a name used for a tree where meetings are gathered, Ekwall notes:

OE tr{o-}e(w) 'tree' is a common second element in pl[ace] n[ame]s. Names of this kind refer to some prominent tree, sometimes ones with religious associations, as in HALLOWTROW, sometimes one remarkable for its size as LANGTREE. The first el. is frequently a pers[onal] n[ame]. In this case, the tree was probably often one marking a meeting place, and the first element may well be the name of a lawman.

In keeping with this pattern, we would suggest choosing an Old English or early Middle English name to use as the first element.

Since the name was returned, we are forced to return the armory as we do not create holding names for groups.

WEST

None.

- Explicit littera renuntiationum -

- Explicit -