APPROVALS 14 April XIX (1985)

THE FOLLOWING SUBMISSIONS ARE APPROVED:

Kingdom of Atenveldt

Aedred the Far­Traveled. Device. Per bend sinister dovetailed azure and ermine, in bend a lantern lit Or and a bat displayed sable.

NOTE: Please remove the nimbus from around the lantern. It obscures the charge completely. Society convention (in the arms of ARTHUR OF LOCKEHAVEN and LOREN MACCHLURAIN) has been to render the light from a lantern as "three straight rays emitted from each side.".

Arn Hold, Shire of. Device. Purpure, a moose rampant to sinister gardant Or, in dexter chief a laurel wreath argent.

Aurora of the Blackwoods. Name only.

Azuria, Shire of. Badge for Cooks' Guild. Azure mullety, a cauldron argent and issuant from base a flaming mountain, all within a bordure Or.

Denise MacMathain (submitted as An Clar MacMhathain de Nice). Name and device. Argent, semy of decrescents vert, a spider tergiant sable charged with a mullet argent.

NOTE: None of the people commenting on this submission were able to confirm that An Clar is a variant of the given name Clara. It appears to translate literally as 'the table', which is unlikely for a given name; I'll need to see the documentation itself (and probably obtain opinions from Batonvert and Brigantia) before I can accept it. I have used the lady's mundane given name in order to register the device. (The byname de Nice is perfectly acceptable, by the way, and will be restored at her request; it has been omitted because I could not in good conscience stick someone with the holding name of "Denise de Nice.").

Gwynaeth Angharad of Glamorgan (submitted as Gwynaeth Angharad o Glamorgan). Name and badge. Vert, a cobra coiled erect affronty within an orle wavy Or.

NOTE: In general, a place name should agree in language with the preposition it follows. (The obvious exception is the preposition of ­ English being the lingua franca of the Society ­ and a strong case can be made for allowing similar liberties with Anglo­Norman de.) In the present case, Glamorgan is the English name of the place, and so should not be used with the Welsh preposition o. If she wishes the Welsh place­name, it would be o Forgannwg (which is the preposition o followed by the mutated form of Morgannwg).

Lyn of Whitewolfe. Name change (from Louellen of Whitewolfe); see RETURNS for device.

DISCUSSION: Lyn may be out of period, but this hasn't actually been demonstrated, and there are a couple on the books already. Since it is her mundane use­name, I am inclined to give her the benefit of the doubt.

Mairghread Raoghnailt MhicRath ni Labhruinn. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

NOTE: On the advice of Brigantia, we have corrected n'Labhriunn to ni Labhruinn. She states that the patronymic particle ni (nic would also be correct) should not be shortened to n' before the initial consonant here. (Neither Brigantia nor Batonvert commented on the reversal of i and the u in Labhruinn, although both used this form, which is the one cited in Black (p. 534). I assume this is indicative of the change in case from nominative to genitive ... or perhaps a typo in Clans and Tartans of Scotland?).

Maureen Fionn Lochlannach (submitted as Maureen Fionn Lochlainneach). Name only (see RETURNS for device).

NOTE: Batonvert and Brigantia both noted that the Scots Gaelic adjective meaning 'Norse, Danish, Scandinavian' is Lochlannach. We have amended the byname accordingly.

Moire of Tir Ysgithr (submitted as Moire McTaggart). Name and device. Azure, a sea­unicorn erect to sinister and on a chief argent a natural dolphin embowed to sinister azure.

NOTE: The name infringes on that of Moira MacTaggert, a recurring character in Marvel Comics' The X­Men. We have substituted the name of her SCA branch in order to register the device.

Richard of the Fens. Name only.

Thorold Bjornssen. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Kingdom of Atlantia

Atlantia, Kingdom of. Bright Leaf Herald (name only).

Atlantia, Kingdom of. Osprey Herald (name only).

DISCUSSION: Brigantia has asked if this conflicts with the "default name" for the pursuivant of the Shire of the Osprey in Meridies. My feeling is that heraldic titles conflict with names of kingdoms, principalities, and orders, but not with baronies, provinces, subsidiary branches, or households. I am open to argument on both sides, and invite further discussion should the question arise again.

Brynna of Aelfstanbury. Device. Or, a pall between a raven statant close sable and two torches gules.

DISCUSSION: Recent practice has been to permit a major and a minor point of difference for an ordinary surrounded by a group of two distinct kinds of secondary charges, which brings this clear of RUPPELIN ("Or, a pairle sable").

Cathanar, College of. Change of status (from Shire to College); see RETURNS for device.

Christopher Storm of Kintail. Name only.

Imran Yosuf le Scorpioun. Name correction (from Imran Yusuf le Scorpion); see RETURNS for device.

DISCUSSION: The form Imran Yusuf le Scorpion, to which the applicant's name was changed in the LoAR of 30 Jul 82, was the spelling used on both the information and picture sheets for the badge submission that was processed at the July 1982 Laurel meeting. I am certain Master Wilhelm believed he was doing what the applicant wanted when he altered the name.

De is the French word for 'of'. It is used without an article to indicate that someone comes from a specific place: Jean de Paris ("John of [the city of] Paris"), Etienne de Provence ("Steven of [the region of] Provence"), etc. Scorpion is a common noun, describing a thing, and not a place­name, so it requires an article.

The two most likely forms of this name are Imran Yosuf le Scorpioun ("Imran Yosuf the Scorpion") and Imran Yosuf du Scorpioun ("Imran Yosuf of the Scorpion"). The first form is a nickname, implying one or more of the attributes of the arachnid (perhaps that he is a deadly desert fighter); the second associates him with the symbol of the scorpion, such as an heraldic badge. Imran de Scorpioun means "Imran of Scorpion," and is no more correct than to say, in English, "John of Door" or "Alexander of Book."

Imran Yosuf le Scorpioun. Badge for House Illuminar. Sable, on a cross between four decrescents Or, five swans naiant sable.

Patriche del Lupo. Name and device. Per pale angled reversed argent and purpure, two wolf hooks palewise in fess counterchanged.

NOTE: I have treated Patriche as made­up. The wolf hooks should be in the same orientation. Please correct the emblazon. DISCUSSION: Wolf­hook is the Continental term for the charge known to British heralds as a crampon or cramp­iron. (Shield and Crest, p. 250) I have some doubts about its advisability ­­ none of the standard sources lists the term ­ but there were no objections from the College, and the pun is obvious.

Kingdom of Caid

Alix Concordia von Altstein. Name correction (from Alix Concordia von Alterstein).

NOTE: Appeal sustained.

Angela of Rosebury. Name change (from Charissa Lynell of Rosebury).

Caid, Kingdom of. Badge for the Office of Avant Courier. Azure, a hand bell bendwise sinister argent.

Cei Myghchaell Wellinton. Name change (from Cei of the Iron Rings); see RETURNS for badge.

Daven Echern. Name and device. Azure, on a plate a horse salient to sinister sable, in base a spiral trumpet Or, all within a bordure embattled argent.

NOTE: Please make the trumpet larger.

Duncan of Greyfeather. Name and device. Purpure, two feathers in saltire argent, in chief a German flute fesswise affronty Or, all within a bordure argent.

Karl of Berg Rheinstein. Name and device. Per bend argent and vert, a cross paty sable and in saltire a lute affronty and a sword Or.

NOTE: According to Obelisk, Rheinstein is a Burg ('castle'), not a Berg ('mountain'). Is this what the applicant had in mind?.

Kristin Alfhildr of Trondheim. Correction of blazon. Or, semy­de­lis sable, a unicorn counter­forcené and on a chief azure three Jelling beasts nowed, erect and reversed, Or.

Kylan Javan MacRoy. Device. Argent, a battle axe palewise between two flaunches azure, each charged with a unicorn's head couped respectant argent.

Margare of the Silver Dragonfly. Device (correction). Vert, a gore sinister sable fimbriated, in pale two dragonflies volant bendwise, the lower reversed, argent.

Wilihelm Heimirich von Donnerkeil. Badge for Rotheric FitzLovell. Checky argent and azure, a bend Or and overall a wolf rampant gules.

Wilihelm Heimirich von Donnerkeil. Release of badge for Rhydderch of the Far Reaches. Per pale gules and sable, a chevron rompu inverted, and in chief a pheon Or.

Kingdom of Calontir

Aldgyth atte Apelyard. Name only.

Dómhnull mac Rath. Name and device. Or masoned azure, on a pile indented counterermine a mullet argent.*

____________________________

* "For the love of God, Montresor!"

Gabriel ap Morgan ap Hywel. Name and device. Per bend azure and vert, on a bend engrailed argent between six mullets of six points Or a fox's head erased gules.

Guillaume of Faireskye. Name only (see RETURNS for device and badge).

Hywela Frech ferch Wyddel (submitted as Hywela Brych ferch Wyddel). Name only.

NOTE: Brych is the masculine adjective for 'freckled'; the feminine form is brech, which mutates to frech following a given name.

Jadwiga Marina Majewska (submitted as Jadwiga Marina Majewski). Name only.

NOTE: The feminine form of Majewksi is Majewska.

Jocelyn de Biers (submitted as Jocelyn du Biers). Name only (see RETURNS for device).

NOTE: French du 'of the [masculine singular]' does not appear to be correct here. We have substituted de, which is a more likely form. (Reaney DBS 60, under Byars; see also Reaney OES 231 and Bardsley 91).

Kathryn McLain of Faire Haven. Device. Argent, a bend dancetty purpure between a thistle proper and a horse's head couped to sinister azure.

Lawrence Taillefer the Leach. Name and device. Per bend raguly gules and argent, three bones bendwise in bend sinister and a fleam counterchanged.

DISCUSSION: The fleam is not a restricted charge.

Megan O'Reilly (submitted as Megan ni Reilly). Name only.

NOTE: Reilly is apparently not a given name, so ni Reilly is incorrect. We have amended this to O'Reilly, the form she originally submitted. DISCUSSION: There are some twenty Megans, Meghans, and Meggans already registered. As with Fiona and Corwin, I consider the name to be so much a part of SCA culture as to be acceptable, even if it is a recent coinage.

Richard Byron of Beaumaris. Name and device. Per chevron nebuly gules and Or, two martlets respectant Or and a bear passant sable.

Richard Randolf. Badge for Randwulf Raedwulfing (correction). Vert, a wolf passant between in pale two fracted spears fesswise reversed argent.

Kingdom of the East

Annora Coffyn. Name only.

Catherine de Carcassonne. Device. Argent, on a lozenge throughout gules a unicorn dormant Or, in sinister chief a fleur­de­lys azure.

Christopher of Saint Michaels. Name and device. Sable, a Maltese cross within a double tressure embattled on its outer edges Or.

Eleanor FitzWilliam. Name only.

Ellisif of the Debatable Lands (submitted as Ellisif Flakkingskvinne). Name and device. Azure, a bicapitate wivern displayed and in base a chevron inverted argent.

NOTE: The byname Flakkingskvinne was returned for additional documentation in the LoAR of 16 Dec 84. We have substituted her SCA branch name in order to register the device.

Friedrich vander Delft. Release of badge (correction). Or, on a delf barry wavy of ten, argent and azure, a sun Or. NOTE: Tumble­tingered fypist ...

Geoffrey Fitz Galen. Device. Ermine, on a saltire raguly between in pale two sheaves of three arrows gules, five griffins' heads erased Or, collared sable.

Griffin's Keep. Device (correction). Vert, a griffin segreant and on a chief embattled Or a laurel wreath vert.

Gwilym o'r Tair Afon. Release of name.

NOTE: This name was approved in October 1984, at which time it was altered from its submitted form to correct an alleged grammatical error. We later discovered that the applicant had specifically asked that we not make any changes to his name. The name is hereby withdrawn, at the applicant's request, with our sincere (and embarrassed) apologies for the oversight.

Gwynna Emrys. Device. Per chevron throughout vert and argent, in base a dragon sejant erect azure within a bordure counterchanged.

DISCUSSION: The addition of throughout to the blazon is arguable: it suggests that the field division crosses over the bordure in chief as well as in base. I finally concluded that both are probably legitimate interpretations of the blazon, and that it was better to specify that the division made contact with the bordure.

Gyth of the Danelaw. Name and device. Azure, a recurved bow bendwise sinister, fully drawn with an arrow bendwise inverted, within a bordure Or, semy of garbs gules.

Ile du Dragon Dormant, Shire of. Device. Purpure, a chevron argent between in chief a laurel wreath between two fleurs­de­lys in fess and in base a dragon dormant, wings elevated and addorsed, Or.

DISCUSSION: This is one of the cases where it is better to specify in chief and in base, to help the reader find his bearings.

James Burnside. Name only.

Kunegunda Henschel von Schattenberg. Name correction (from Kunegunda Henschel von Schattenburg).

Maria de la Flor. Name only.

DISCUSSION: Virgule has a good point ­ "Maria­of­this­or­that is a common Spanish form of referring to various 'manifestations' of the Blessed Virgin - often treated as though they were practically separate people." I have no desire to be overly sensitive (one can find religious symbolism in almost anything), but she should probably be careful about the charges she chooses for her device.

Miles of Armagh. Device. Sable, a scorpion tergiant displayed Or and in chief a battle axe fesswise reversed argent.

Pawel Aleksander od Zerania. Name only.

Peter the Barbarian (submitted as Retep the Barbarian). Name and device. Argent, a cross couped quarter­pierced environed of a dragon inverted in annulo, sable.

NOTE: We have held previously (in the case of CIRE GREYMOOR) that "Spelling a name backwards is not a valid method for creating a new name." (WvS, 19 Aug 83, p. 15) The applicant went to considerable effort to try to document the construction as dithematic. A compound or dithematic name is composed of a first element (the protheme) and a second element (the deuterotheme) drawn from the body of word stems (themes) used to form names in a given language. To document a name as dithematic, you need to show that it is constructed from a known protheme and a known deuterotheme (or plausible variants thereof) for a specific culture. Unfortunately, the sources the submitter used were for words in the main-stream language, not name elements, and they were for a number of different languages. We have substituted his mundane given name in order to register the device.

Ragnvald Joransson Ek. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Shoshonnah Jehanne ferch Emrys. Name only.

Taliesin ap Gwythur. Name and device. Sable, a chevron indented argent between two griffins combattant and a castle double­towered Or.

Theodora di Lupita. Name correction (from Theodora de Lupita).

William de Corbie. Device. Gules, a bend sable, fimbriated, between two crosses crosslet fitchy argent.

Kingdom of Meridies

Aldrich Atwater. Device. Azure, chapé-ployé argent, a label of three points, a unicorn's head couped sable, and an oak tree eradicated above in base three shamrocks two and one Or.

DISCUSSION: I am inclined to agree with Batonvert, that we should not permit unrestricted use of the label as a charge. Master Wilhelm specifically allowed the practice in October 1979, but our perception and attitudes about cadency have changed since that time, and we may want to reconsider. Any comments?

Ammalynne Starchild Haraldsdottir. Badge for Haraldstad. Argent, a tree blasted and eradicated sable within a bordure indented azure mullety argent.

Benjamin Xanthus Ruthendale (submitted as Drake Xanthus Ruthendale). Name and device. Per saltire vert and sable, a pithon erect nowed, wings displayed, between in cross four crescents argent.

NOTE: Drake is a surname derived from Old English draca 'dragon', and is not related to the given name Drogo, which comes from different roots. (Reaney DBS 107; Withycombe 89) We have used the applicant's mundane name as a holding name. DISCUSSION: "A Jaculus is a winged, leaping snake." (IoL, 31 Mar 75, p. 1; in Prec I 34) We have since adopted the term pithon to describe a winged snake. (The i spelling is used to help distinguish the heraldic monster from the reptile of the same name, which we call a natural python.).

Border Vale Keep, Shire of. Name and badge. Vert, two swords in saltire Or surmounted by a stone tower, the top enflamed, proper.

NOTE: Flames "proper" on a colored field are red on the inside and gold on the outside. Please correct the emblazon. DISCUSSION: Stone charges proper are gray by default. (Rules IX.3).

Brynja of Byrrhyll. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Elspeth of Harilow. Badge. A heartsease proper. (Viola tricolor).

DISCUSSION: According to the Fieldbook of Natural History, Violaceae is the family to which the pansy belongs; the genus is viola. (p. 253).

Elspeth of Harilow. Badge for Household Les Belles Femmes du Masque. On a heart Or, another gules.

Guillermo el Alacrán de Castilla. Name and device. Argent, a pall inverted cotised gules between a lion passant to sinister, a scorpion tergiant fesswise, and a morion helm sable.

Hagen of Vinland. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Hildegarde die Blonde. Name and device. Quarterly, barry gules and argent, and vert, a cross cleché throughout Or.

Marcus MacDonald. Name and device. Per pale sable and gules, three arrows inverted palewise in fess and on a chief argent, a shepherd's crook reversed sable.

Morgan Blackhart. Name and device. Argent escallopy azure, a hart rampant to sinister sable within a bordure gyronny azure and gules.

Oriana Winterborne. Name and device. Or, on a cross vert five pegasi rampant Or within a bordure vert.

Tegan Blackheart. Name and device. Or, on a lozenge within an orle of crosses cleché sable, a seahorse erect argent.

Valda Ranulfsdottir. Name and device. Per fess embattled argent and sable, a pennant flying to sinister vert and a fox's head erased argent.

NOTE: According to Batonvert, the feminine of Valdi is probably Valdis, although this is acceptable. The Old Norse form of the name would be Valdis Runolfsdottir.

Kingdom of the Middle

Awilda Haeulfdan. Device. Per pale gules and sable, three compass stars in bend sinister Or.

Dafydd Bretnach an Duan Breatunn. Device. Sable, mullety argent, on a fountain a sea horse naiant Or.

NOTE: He has obtained a letter of permission to conflict with ELEANOR OF ALNWICK.

Joan of Gryphonscrag. Badge for House Gryphonscrag. Per chevron sable and vert, in pale a male gryphon's head erased Or and a flame proper.

Johanna of Dendermonde. Badge for Consortium Balneorum. Azure goutty d'eau, in saltire a recorder and a lute in profile proper.

NOTE: She has obtained a letter of permission from YOSEF ALARIC.

Kingdom of the West

Alric of Castleburg. Badge. Sable, a pair of barnacles inverted Or.

DISCUSSION: Parker and Brooke­Little both say that this charge is generally referred to as a "pair of barnacles" (like a "pair of scissors," I guess).

Aoiffa of the Emerald Vale. Name and device. Argent, a castle within a bordure vert semy of cartouches argent.

DISCUSSION: According to Roger F. Pye, "If there were six or [fewer] charges the number was normally specified; if more than six they were considered to be semy." (A return to first principles: III ­ Semy. Coat of Arms VII(53): 206­208.) This is especially true of charges on a bordure, which do not fall conveniently into the simple patterns that make it possible to discern the total number of charges at a glance.

On the example of the Rous Roll, this could also be blazoned as "a bordure charged with cartouches.".

Cecilia of Lindley. Device. Argent, a sun sable eclipsed Or, on a chief embattled azure, three roses argent.

Donnan the Truehearted. Name only.

Erik of Oakstream. Name and device. Purpure, a tree eradicated and in base three bars wavy argent.

Firiel of the Green Wood. Name only.

Hans the Horrible. Name and device. Per fess indented azure and gules, in chief a sword and a hammer inverted in saltire argent, the sword hilted Or, in base a standing balance Or.

Hans the Horrible. Badge. Azure, in saltire a sword and a hammer inverted argent, the sword hilted Or, in chief a compass star argent.

Marcus Lupus Allemanus Argentatus. Name and device. Per chevron argent and vert, two hearts gules and a wolf sejant, dexter forepaw raised, sinister forepaw upon the chain of a collar in base argent.

NOTE: According to Brigantia, in late Latin the tribal name would probably follow, rather than precede, the epithet "argentatus.".

Morgan ap Siarl. Name and badge. Azure, a falcon striking to sinister argent, a base wavy Or.

Morwenna of Oystermouth. Name and device. Purpure, a flute fesswise Or.

Myrddyn Brandeall. Name and device. Argent, a chevron embattled gules between three towers sable.

NOTE: Classic heraldry. Batonvert has noted that the byname may not be correct. She would have expected Deallbrand 'proud­sword', with the adjective preceding the noun, which is normal Anglo­Saxon word order.

Reynardine of Lochac. Device. Vert, a fox's mask Or, a bordure wavy ermine.

Rodrigo de los Lobos. Name only.

Stewart of the High Waste. Device. Sable, a pine tree eradicated within an orle Or.

* * * * * *

THE FOLLOWING SUBMISSIONS ARE RETURNED:

Kingdom of Atenveldt

Adelicia sans Coeur of Gloucester. Badge. Or, a swan naiant sable charged with a voided heart Or.

NOTE: This conflicts with badge of WEST AUSTRALIA, "Or, a swan naiant sable.".

Cherie Ruadh MhicRath of Locksley. Device. Gyronny arrondi reversed, purpure semy of daisies proper, and azure, a cat to sinister gardant argent, lying upon its back and playing with a [pink] flamingo feather proper. (Phoenicopterus ruber).

NOTE: The cat is not in a recognizable heraldic position, and it was the consensus of the College of Arms that the overall effect of the device is also not heraldic. The color of a flamingo's feathers is apparently dependent on its diet, so there really is no "proper" color. In addition, if the feather is an important enough charge to warrant an involved blazon, then it is also important enough to be subject to the rule of contrast. Please redesign.

Elric of Moray. Device. Sable, three lozenges in chevron enhanced argent, overall a flamberge sword inverted argent, hilt fimbriated sable, all within a bordure argent.

NOTE: Even though the hilt of the sword is fimbriated, it does not show up well enough against the lozenges behind it. In addition, the lozenges are difficult to recognize in the emblazon, and their arrangement is not really reconstructible from the blazon. The overall effect is of an oddly­hilted sword, in which case it can be argued that this is only one point different from the SWORD OF CALONTIR: "Sable, a cross of Calatrava elongated to base so as to form a sword inverted, within a bordure argent." (SCA) Please redesign.

Ioseph of Locksley, the Rhymer. Badge. A cat rampant gardant argent, vested of a hat sable, a cape gules, and a pair of boots sable turned gules, and grasping in its sinister forepaw a swept­hilt rapier argent, hilted sable.

NOTE: This submission was previously returned in April 1983 for conflict with COTTON ("Vert, a lion rampant gardant argent"), and because "The Cavalier style is out of period, as is Puss in Boots himself." The appeal documents the individual articles of clothing as being in period, and the LoI notes that (1) there is precedent for animals dressed as humans in heraldry, and (2) although Charles Perrault's book of fairy stories is out of period, he was retelling folk tales that may well have been in period.

First of all, nothing in the appeal addressed the question of conflict. Removing the field (which was vert in the original submission) does not remove the conflict; in fact, it introduces possible conflicts with several other mundane coats. I agree with Batonvert that the original call was borderline (technically, there is less than a point; visually there may be a full point), but it was valid, and the heralds commenting on this question supported the original call.

Of greater importance, however, is the fact that the badge is recognizable as Puss in Boots. While there is precedent for badges of this sort (one of Master Ioseph's other badges is a representation of the Town Musicians of Bremen), I cannot recall any other instances, and the College of Arms has a fairly ancient tradition of disallowing strong literary and historical allusions. This badge may be construed as an infringement on the character of Puss in Boots, or as a proprietary claim thereto, either of which makes it inappropriate. Please redesign.

Lyn of Whitewolfe. Device. Gules, a pile wavy issuant from dexter base between in bend two roundels argent, each charged with a rose gules, barbed and seeded proper.

NOTE: The device conflicts with CUILLEAN LODBROG HOUNDSTOOTH, "Per bend sinister sable and gules, a bend sinister argent between two roses counterchanged, barbed, seeded, and fimbriated argent." (SCA) There is a major point of difference for replacing the ordinary, and a minor point for the tincture of half the field, but the changes in the secondary charges do not have enough visual weight to bring this up to two full points.

Mairghread Raoghnailt MhicRath ni Labhruinn. Device. Gyronny of four from dexter chief azure and argent, in dexter a Latin cross conjoined with a saltire couped gules charged with a sprig of fir club moss argent, a bordure sable.

NOTE: There are a number of problems with this device, each fairly small if considered by itself; but taken together, they go far enough outside the bounds of both mundane and SCA heraldry to make this unacceptable.

The chief difficulty is the charge on the cross. I do not know if the problem lies with the emblazon or the choice of the charge itself, but the fir club moss is completely unrecognizable. The two club mosses shown in the Fieldbook of Natural History, Shining Club Moss (Lycopodium lucid-ulum) and Common Club Moss (L. clavatum), are visually dissimilar. The former looks kind of like a fuzzy, droopy pall, and is not, in my opinion, a suitable heraldic charge. The latter at least looks like a plant, so it's obviously a sprig of something ­ not "good" heraldry, but it's probably within the confines of SCA practice. I don't know how either of these compares with fir club moss. The other problems are the unusual cross, its off­center placement, and the non­standard field division.

At the least, I would suggest moving the cross into the center of the field and enlarging it to take advantage of the available space. This should make it possible to draw a recognizable sprig. The design could be improved further by picking a recognizable variety of cross, and by replacing the sprig with something more common.

Maureen Fionn Lochlannach (submitted as Maureen Fionn Lochlainneach). Device. Gyronny arrondi counter­ermine and azure, an iceberg argent.

NOTE: Most of the heralds commenting on this submission found the "iceberg" unrecognizable. An heraldic iceberg would probably be a mountain couped argent, with only the part above the waterline showing. (It was also pointed out that 90% of an iceberg is underwater, although I imagine this bit of knowledge is modern.) Please choose a more recognizable charge.

Murdoc of Armagh. Device. Per bend ermine and azure, a sea­dog rampant to sinister, tailed as a dog, grasping a quill Or.

NOTE: This conflicts, alas, with SCELLANUS OF SKYE, "Azure, a sea dog rampant to sinister and issuant from canton a quarter­sun Or." (SCA) There is a major point for the field (plain tincture to divided metal and color), and a minor for the removal of the sun.

Thorold Bjornssen. Device. Or, a gurges gules within a bordure embattled sable.

NOTE: The device conflicts with THOMAN SHADAN SECARIUS, "Or, a gurges gules, overall a dagger inverted sable." (SCA) DISCUSSION: SCA precedent notwithstanding, a gurges is a charge until proven otherwise.

Kingdom of Atlantia

Cathanar, College of. Device. Per chevron argent and gules, in chief a compass star and a spear fesswise in pale sable, the spear maintained in dexter by a sinister gauntlet sable and in sinister by a dragon's jamb erased vert, and in base a swan naiant argent environed of a laurel wreath Or.

NOTE: This has six different charges and five tinctures, which is far too complex, especially for the arms of an SCA branch. Please simplify.

Imran Yosuf le Scorpioun. Device. Gules, a swan naiant displayed affronty, neck embowed to dexter argent within an orle of escallops Or.

NOTE: This is enough like a pelican vulning itself (a charge reserved to the Order of the Pelican) to make us very uncomfortable. Please choose another position for the swan.

Roget du Callet. Device. Per fess gules and argent, a boar's head erased sable between in chief two boar's heads erased argent.

NOTE: This conflicts with the US 30TH INFANTRY REGIMENT, "A boar's head erased sable armed and langued gules." (MilOrd #747) There is a major point of difference for the additional group of boar's heads, but because the military badge is fieldless, there is no difference for the field. It is also stylistically questionable: it appears to be an incorrect drawing of "Per fess gules and argent, two boar's heads erased argent and another sable."

Kingdom of Caid

Aidan Davidson of Invernahaven. Name change (from Aidan Davidson).

NOTE: This was approved as Aidan Davidson in January, with the remainder of the name being placed in PENDING, to allow the College more time to comment on the Scottish name­form "(surname) of (place)." The additional interval has not produced sufficient factual grounds for me to reverse the present policy, so I going to let it stand. Invernahaven is the principal seat of the Davidsons, so the combination Davidson of Invernahaven is reserved.

Should anyone in the College find himself with sufficient time and materials, I would like to suggest a research paper on the subject, perhaps for one of the symposia. Crescent's request for background information on the original ruling is not unreasonable.

Cei Myghchaell Wellinton. Badge. A fool displayed guardant, clad in motley, proper.

NOTE: There is no "proper" color for motley. I would suggest making the fool's garb lozengy of a color and a metal, which is a reasonable heraldic approximation of motley.

Kingdom of Calontir

Ceithlenn nic Rauri. Name and device. Per chevron azure and gules, two mullets argent and a comet palewise Or.

NOTE: Is this "variant" of the Irish Gaelic name Caitlin based on a specific example, or is it made up? According to Batonvert, the spelling does not correspond to any reasonable pronunciation. (Brigantia hypothesizes a back­formation from the anglicized form Cathleen.) Both recommend she use Caitlin. The Scots Gaelic patronymic (after suitable linguistic gyrations) would be either ni Rhuairidh or ni Rhuadhri.

The device conflicts with DEPORODH OF RANNOCH, "Per chevron abased azure and argent, two mullets argent, and in base a birch leaf erect proper." (SCA) There is a minor point for changing the tincture of half the field, and a major point for replacing the leaf with a comet. Please note that an heraldic comet has a definite tail (known as its "beard"); see the illustration in the margin.

Gawain of Mistbridge. Badge for House Mistbridge. A wagon gules.

NOTE: This conflicts with the badge of JASPER GREENSMITH OF THE SEAGIRT GLEN, "A cart, issuant therefrom a dragon's head, wings and tail gules." (SCA).

Guillaume of Faireskye. Device. Azure, a mullet of eight points Or within an orle of mullets argent.

NOTE: The device and badge (below) both conflict with PAUL OF SUNRIVER, "Azure, a compass star Or." (SCA).

Guillaume of Faireskye. Badge for House Faireskye. Azure, on a mullet of eight points Or, a mullet azure.

NOTE: This also conflicts with PAUL OF SUNRIVER. (see note on device).

Jocelyn de Biers. Device. Per bend argent and azure, a bear rampant sable and a mullet of eight points Or.

NOTE: This conflicts with WILHELM KARLSSON, "Per bend argent and azure, a brown bear passant bendwise proper and in saltire a double­bitted battleaxe and a hammer Or." (SCA) Visually, the only difference is in the charges in base.

Peadrus Ocie. Device. Or, a sun gules between two killer whales haurient respectant proper. (Orcinus orca).

NOTE: This conflicts with HAYS, "Or, a sun gules" (Papworth 1100), and with DAVID OF WHALESHAVEN, "Or, two orcas haurient respectant proper and in chief a compass star azure." (SCA) DISCUSSION: It is generally a good idea to note the tinctures of "proper" charges in the letter of intent. Killer whales proper are black with white markings (say the habitués of Sea World and Marineland).

Kingdom of the East

Fiona of Clan Maxwell. Device. Sable, two scarpes Or between three mullets of eight points and a sun argent.

NOTE: This conflicts with CASSANDRA O'SHEA, "Sable, two scarpes Or between a dove close to sinister and a unicorn rampant argent." (5 Jan 85) DISCUSSION: This item is from Brigantia's letter of 13 March, the remainder of which consisted entirely of corrections. It would normally have gone into PENDING, to allow time for people to comment on the new device, but one of the people on my staff caught the conflict at the meeting, and we couldn't see holding it up.

Igraine Torr de Valere. Device (appeal). Per chevron vert and lozengy purpure and argent, in chief a horse couchant Or, crined sable.

NOTE: This submission was returned in February for conflict with THEODOSIA ARCADIANA, "Per chevron abased sable and purpure, a unicorn dormant argent." The point count was as follows: major point for tincture of field; major point for primary charge, demoted to minor because this was the second tincture change; minor point for difference between unicorn and horse, demoted because this was the second change to the same charge; minor point for difference between couchant and dormant, demoted because this was the third change to the charge; no difference for position of line of division (the shift in Theodosia's device is only slightly more than would ordinarily be done to accommodate a sole charge in chief); no difference for location of charge (which in both cases is above the line of division). The result was one major point, one minor, and two deltas. This made it a borderline call. The visual similarity is fairly strong, and the differences between a horse and a unicorn are hard to spot when the latter is dormant, so I elected to take the conservative route and returned Igraine's device for conflict.

Reviewing the decision in light of Brigantia's arguments, I find myself arriving at the same point count as I did originally. Since this still makes it a borderline call, I feel the correct course of action is to uphold my original ruling. I do apologize, however, for not including the point count with the original return.

Nordmark, Shire of. Name and device. Per pale sable and azure, a chevron argent and overall a laurel wreath Or.

NOTE: The name conflicts, alas, with that of House Northmark, registered to ALDRIC OF THE NORTHMARK in August 1984. The device appears acceptable.

Peter the Barbarian (submitted as Retep the Barbarian). Badge. A cross couped and quarterly­pierced sable.

NOTE: This conflicts with DOROTHEA OF CAER­MYRDDIN, "Argent, a cross patty sable." (SCA) There is a major point of difference for the type of cross. I am also inclined to agree with Brigantia's judgement, and consider this less than a point different from DAKENFIELD, "Argent, a cross quarter­pierced sable." (Papworth 606).

Ragnvald Joransson Ek. Device. Gules, on a lozenge throughout palewise argent, an acorn slipped and leaved vert.

NOTE: This conflicts with the COUNTS VON GRAVENECK, "Gules, a lozenge ar-gent." (Woodward 182) There are minor points for the change in the lozenge and the addition of the tertiary charge. We also feel it is too close, visually, to TANYA OF THE OAK, "Argent, a sprouting acorn slipped and singly leaved proper within a bordure gules." (SCA).

Kingdom of Meridies

Brynja of Byrrhyll. Device. Azure, three geese naiant in pall, heads to center, argent.

NOTE: This conflicts with BRUYELLES, "Azure, three geese argent." (Rietstap). There is a major point for the position of the charges. It is also too close to SHERYL OF THESPIS, "Azure, a swan naiant argent crowned Or." (SCA) There is a major point for the number of charges, and minor for the removal of the crown.

Dearborne Grayson. Name and device. Or, on a pale between two swords inverted sable, three suns in splendor Or.

NOTE: Dearborne is a known place name (as in Dearborn, Michigan; ­borne means 'stream'), and so cannot be used as a given name unless a specific example can be found in period. Batonvert has suggested Der(e)bern(e) as a more likely derivative of Deorbeorn. The device conflicts with EMEREN-TIANA ROSE, "Or, on a pale between two chains palewise sable, a rose slipped and leaved Or." (SCA) [type of secondaries, type and number of tertiaries].

Elspeth of Harilow. Device. Vert, on a pale Or a unicorn's head erased sable, overall a chaplet with four heartsease proper, the leaves counterchanged. (Viola tricolor)

NOTE: The heralds commenting on this submission still found the chaplet of pansies too similar to a chaplet of roses. Both flowers are basically round (or round with lobes); and since there is no set tincture for regional roses, the pansy's coloring doesn't make it distinctive. If you are not a countess, it is best to avoid wreaths or chaplets of flowers altogether.

Graeghafoc Scrobesbyrigscires. Name and device. Sable, a mullet of four points within and conjoined to an annulet Or charged with five pellets, between in pale two bars nowy couped and in fess two Gotlandic bird motifs respectant all within an orle of pheons, points inward, argent.

NOTE: The name and device were both returned by Laurel in February 1983. The submitter has appealed this decision. The applicant has provided an example of ­hafoc, ­havoc 'hawk' as a deuterotheme, but there is as yet no evidence that graeg 'gray' was ever used as a name element. We normally require that dithematic names be made up of known elements. Our experience has been that given names are drawn from a smaller subset of the language than bynames; the "adjective + noun" and "tincture + animal" models mentioned in the appeal are too sweeping. We would suggest he adopt a known Anglo­Saxon given name or construct one from documented elements, and use Graeghafoc or Scrobesbyrigscires as his byname. (See also PETER THE BARBARIAN, above.) It is true that most Anglo­Saxons had only one name. It is also true that if two people with the same given name lived in the same area, they would have acquired distinguishing bynames. Because of the size of the SCA (which covers considerably more territory than did the average Anglo­Saxon community), we must assume that there will eventually be someone else with the same given name; we provide for this by obtaining bynames in advance, before the need arises. (It is not enough to distinguish only the later ones. Owain could apply equally well to anyone with that name; but within our purview, there will be only one Owain the Stout.).

As for the device, I'm afraid the submitter has missed the point entirely. The essence of heraldry is not the manner in which shields are constructed, it is the designs people place on their shields (flags, seals, etc.) to identify the bearer. An Anglo­Saxon warrior might well have carried a shield that looked like this, but I have difficulty believing that some foe of his, his eyes traversing the advancing line of doughty men­at­arms, would pause and mutter under his breath:

"Well, look at that! A boss and two birds and a couple of reinforcing bars inside a whole bunch of rim clips! Why there's only one man in all the Danelaw has a shield like that! I'd know him anywhere!".

This is too complex for heraldry, in his period or in ours. Please choose one or two elements ­ the Gotlandic birds have potential ­ and try something simpler.

Hagen of Vinland. Device. Or, a double­headed eagle displayed and on a chief sable, a castle between two swords Or within a bordure overall counterchanged.

NOTE: Although there is technically enough difference between this device and the arms of the Holy Roman Emperor ("Or, a double­headed eagle displayed sable"), the visual connection is inescapable, particularly since all the changes are made on the periphery. In addition, the charges on the chief do not leave enough room for an overlapping border. Please choose another design.

Meridies, Kingdom of. Badge for the Ninth Company of Meridian Archers. Per pale sable and argent, three mullets in pale and nine arrows fesswise points to sinister, all counterchanged.

NOTE: The badge appears to be two impaled coats, which is not allowed. (Rules IX.9) Nine arrows is too many to count (more than six of anything is semy), and the design is not such that it can be clearly blazoned without counting them. Please simplify.

Warrick of Standen. Name and device. Per pale argent and sable, a Latin cross fourché between in base two doves displayed counterchanged.

NOTE: The sources cited do not support the argument that Warrick is a given name. Reaney (DBS 372) treats it as distinct from Warwick, but he still considers it to be a surname, as does Black. (p. 802) The device conflicts with the AUGUSTINE HOSPITAL OF ST. MARY LE GRAND, "Per pale argent and sable, a cross moline counterchanged." (Papworth 617) There is a major point for the addition of the doves, but the cross depicted here is too similar to a cross moline to contribute any additional difference.

Kingdom of the West

Alysaundra merch Llewelyn. Name and device. Per bend vert and argent, a lion dormant within an annulet counterchanged.

NOTE: According to persons far better versed in Welsh than I, merch always mutates to ferch following a given name. If I understand correctly, this means that it will always mutate when it is used in a name. The applicant has specifically requested that we make no changes in her name without consulting her. The device appears acceptable.

John Theophilus. Device. Azure, a cross, and on a chief argent, three hearts gules.

NOTE: This conflicts with GREECE, "Azure, a cross argent." National arms require a minimum of two major points of difference. (Not to mention the fact that the applicant has a Greek byname ...).

Klee St. Cristoph Aelfwine. Name only.

NOTE: We are familiar with Klee as a surname only (Paul Klee, 1879­1940, Swiss painter: NCE 1487). Is there any documentation for the statement that it is a Dutch variant of Nicklaus?.

Marc du Chaineau. Name change (from Marc of Esfenn).

NOTE: This name was returned in November 1984 under Rule VII.3, which states, "A member's Society name may not be identical to his/her mundane name." (The submitter's mundane name is Mark Duchaineau.) Vesper has appealed this decision, saying, "His SCA name uses the French rather than the English form of Mark, and returns to an earlier spelling of the surname. We feel that this is sufficiently different, since all that is required is 'not identical'. (Would Maire O Fiodhabbra be considered to be the same name as Mary O'Furey? This is the same sort of change.)".

The question boils down to, what constitutes "identity?" The standard I applied in judging the original submission was: Has there been a significant change in spelling or pronunciation? In this case, the answer was no.

In my March 2nd cover letter, I proposed dropping Rule VII.3 altogether, on the theory that we were attempting to legislate something that was basically a matter of personal taste. The responses I have received so far (from non­heralds as well as heralds) have supported the rule. The operative principle is the need to distance the mundane individual from his or her persona, and is thought by some to be almost as fundamental as the need to wear suitable garb.

If our intention is to create a rule for the sake of form only ­ one that imposes no actual restrictions ­ then the criterion proposed by Vesper ("not strictly identical") is sufficient. If we intend to enforce the "spirit of the law," then we ought to require a stronger degree of difference. Both points of view are valid.

The comments on this submission were more or less evenly divided. In light of the responses I have received to my proposal to drop Rule VII.3, and given the underlying reason that has been advanced, I believe we need to require slightly more than a simple difference in form. I am there-fore advancing the standard mentioned above (significant change in spelling or pronunciation) as a working definition. The minimum change (the one regarded as a loophole by liberals and conservatives alike) is probably the addition or removal of a single syllable (e.g., John Smith to John the Smith). A change between de and du (assuming the result is grammatically correct) would also be sufficient. Any comments?.

* * * * * *

PENDING

THE FOLLOWING SUBMISSION IS PENDING:

Kingdom of Calontir

Susannah Griffon. Badge for House Pommes de Bois d'Arc. Vert, a strung bow palewise to sinister within a bordure engrailed Or.

NOTE: Given the strong connections between this badge and the arms of the Shire of Bois d'Arc, we feel a letter of permission would be in order.