THE FOLLOWING SUBMISSIONS ARE APPROVED:

Society for Creative Anachronism

Chirurgeon's Guild. Badge change. Gules, on a goutte argent, a cross couped gules.

This replaces the old badge ("Argent, a goutte within a cross hummetty voided gules.") which was held to be too similar to the insignia of the KKK.

Kingdom of An Tir

Angharad Severn o Glamorgan. Badge for Severin Blackrose (addition of designation; badge registered July, 1985). Argent, two swords inverted crossed in saltire between in pale a crown and a garden rose sable.

An Tir, Kingdom of. Title for Couronne Rouge Pursuivant.

Arthur Richardson. Name only

Note that the Arthur who appears in many old movies as the heir of Richard Lionheart was not Richard's son, but rather the son of Richard's brother, Geoffrey of Brittany.

Colleen of Lions Gate. Name and device. Sable, within a wingless, legless dragon in annulo, head to chief, a mullet within a mullet pierced, all argent.

From Owena Weavewell ("Quarterly sable and vert, a dragon couchant in annulo, it's dexter forepaw clutching its tail argent.") cited by Brachet, there is the point for the addition of the mullet combination, a minor for the field changes and another minor for the cumulative changes to the dragon.

Desideria Caerulea. Name only.

The submittor should be informed that the by­name, although it can mean "blue­eyed", is also applied to things associated with the sea or rivers, for example sea­nymphs. Although the colour is used to refer to the eyes of the Germans, it is more usually a rather dark blue, so much so that it becomes in poetry, a standard equivalent for "gloomy", "black", connotations she might not desire.

Drogo the Forgetful. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Duncan Macquarie. Name only (see Returns for device).

James NicEdom. Device only (see RETURNS for badge). Per chevron azure and Or, two cobras coiled erect affronty argent and a natural panther couchant guardant to sinister sable.

Karl the Purple. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Kateryne of Hindscroft. Name and device. Argent, a violet purpure within an orle of hearts azure.

We have registered the form with two "e"'s used on the forms rather than the form which appeared on the letter of intent. Both forms are supported by fifteenth­century sources from Withycombe.

Lions Gate, Barony of. Name change (from Lion's Gate).

Note that the argument advanced by the barony (i.e., that the two words are merely a name, not any indication that, the gate belongs to a lion or group of lions) is not linguistically valid. However, since the orthography of period English is by no means fixed and the forms without apostrophe are common, there seems no major barrier to the requested name modification.

Peadair Aindrea MacLaine. Device. Per pale argent and sable, two towers and on a chief embattled two axes fesswise, heads outwards, all counterchanged.

Swenhild Torbergsdottir. Name only.

This was submitted with the patronymic Torbergsdatter. Since the submittor indicated that the name should be Old Norse, I have modified the patronymic to the proper Old Norse form.

Terra Pomaria, Canton of. Badge. Azure, three chevronels braced argent and in base a broad arrow Or.

Thorin Njalason. Name change (from Seamus MacCuraidh of Glenerochaidh).

The original submission of the name change was returned because the name Thorin was held by Laurel to be an exclusively dwarven name both in Tolkien and in Norse myth and therefore not eligible for use In the Society. The submittor has presented an impressive array of arguments in support of his position that the name is in fact compatible with the period ambience which we are trying to create and that the bulk of the populace would not (and in fact do not) feel that he was claiming dwarven descent by using the name. Taken by themselves, they add only plausibility to the argument that the name could have been used In period for a human. The existence of the Irish patronymic form "O Torain" cited by MacLysaght (Surnames of Ireland, p. 288), which would derive from a nominative form of "Tori argues that it was actually used. Therefore, acceptance of this name should not be taken as a general precedent for non­human names In the Society.

Torgul Steingrimsson. Device change. Sable, a tyger erect affronty Or, pendant from each forepaw a metal cuff and broken chain sable fimbriated Or and in chief a crown voided between two crowns Or.

The style here is very marginal, but the crown voided has a very prominent precedent In the arms of the West. General Statement: The Laurel Office cannot be a judge of political correctness.

Tyrrel Figenbaum. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Kingdom of Atenveldt

Aelfraed Hawkmoon. Name and device. Argent, on a bend sinister doubly cotised azure, a hawk rising, wings displayed and inverted, and an increscent, both palewise, argent.

Aengus mac Coil. Name correction (from Aengus MacCoil).

Agnes of Blackfeld. Name and device. Argent, scaly sable, three pallets wavy vert.

The form "feld" appears in the OED as a period variant for field so there is no linguistic miscegenation in the placename.

Andrea des Chiens. Name only.

Although the passage in Wlthycombe clted by the submittor leaves some doubt whether the name is period as a femlnine given name, it is certainly a period form since the great fifteenth century Genoese admlral was named Andrea Doria.

Caomhghin Liccere. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Note that Sweet's Concise Anglo­Saxon Dictionary, p. 217, gives "liccere" as a variant form for "licettere" which means "deceiver" or "hypocrite". While these epithets are not very flattering, they do not have the sexual connotations that some commenting heralds found offenslve.

Corwin MacMaccus. Name and device. Azure, two piles argent, each charged with a trefoil slipped vert, and a pile inverted argent, charged with a raven rising, wings displayed, sable.

Damien of Briarwood. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Egan Blackwolf. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Although the given name is not Scandinavian as the submlttor indicated, 0 Corrain and Maguire (Gaelic Personal Names, p.14) note that Egan is an anglicised form of Aeducan, a diminutive of Aed which had a wide use in period Ireland. The submitted middle name of "Darghearth", which was stated to be made­up, has been dropped since our rules demand that manufactured names match the dominant language of the name and this seems compatible with neither Irish nor English.

Esme Ffoulkes of Mercia. Name and device. Vert, a comet palewise Or between two flaunches ermine.

Ferelith MacDonald. Transfer of badge (from Rhonwen y Llysteuyddes). Argent, a unicorn counter­rampant reguardant triple­tailed sable, armed, crined and unguled Or.

Note that the designation of Hastle Castle could not be transferred with the badge since it was never registered in the first place!

Geoffrey Athos von Ulm. Name and device. Argent, In pale a mullet of four straight and four wavy rays azure and a Harrier falcon statant to sinister, wings addorsed and inverted, proper between two flaunches sable, each charged wlth a Maltese cross, fetched at the foot, Or. (Circus aeruginosus)

Although the letter of intent spelled the glven name Geoffrey, the forms gave the more usual Geoffrey. This device runs perilously close to the limit on anomalies and Is decidedly poor style.

Haakon Silverram. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Hagar Helesplitter. Badge only (see RETURNS for household name). Per chevron argent and purpure, two cats sejant respectant and a Thor's hammer counterchanged.

Hans Makier. Device. Per chevron argent and vert, two tau crosses gules and a mullet of four points elongated palewise Or, a chief sable, fretty Or.

Please ask the submittor to drew the fretty properly with overlapping lathes.

Judith of Osborn. Device. Quarterly azure and gules, a chalice within an annulet Or.

Kathren of Sandeaward. Badge for Sleeping Jade Griffin. A griffin dormant, wings elevated and addorsed vert.

Katryn Runereader. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Kiera Morkstjarne. Device. Per fess purpure and ermine, a catamount passant argent and a mullet of eight points purpure.

Maire Bridget ni Mhoire O'Meagher. Device. Per saltire vert and Or, a Celtic cross counterchanged, on a chief Or three trefoils slipped vert.

Owen Sherard Trahern. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Randall Morgan. Device change only (see RETURNS for name). Sable, a Japanese crane inverted and displayed, in base a cross argent.

Note: his old device ("Quarterly azure and checky gules and Or, a cross and in dexter chief a Latin cross argent.") becomes a badge.

Rhiannon Wild Heart. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Robert mac Neill mhic Donnachaidh of Inchmagranach. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Rodrik of Tanglewood. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Roselyn of Wealhhnutu March. (Holding name and device). Purpure, on a bend between two trees argent, leaved Or, a stag salient reguardant sable.

Noone In the College could document Cornaughlin as a form from Irish so we have substituted the name of her home group in order to pass her device. She might consider Coughlan or Carolan.

Taysa Ariello. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Verena of the White Panther. Name and device. Per fess enarched wavy argent and vert, in pale a crescent inverted and a catamount couchant guardant argent.

The line of division drawn on the submittor's forms was "per fess enarched wavy" rather than "per chevron nebuly" as the suggested blazon had it.

Wealhhnutu, March of. Device. Vert, on a chevron throughout argent three walnuts fesswise proper, in base a laurel wreath argent.

Kingdom of Caid

Caid, Kingdom of. Award of the Crossed Swords of Caid. Name only.

Dreiburgen, Barony of. Order of the Illuminated Tower of Dreiburgen.

Einar Aus Enwelt. Badge. Azure, a pegasus forceny to sinister, wings addorsed, between in cross four roundels all within a bordure embattled Or.

The term "forceny" has been used to preserve the analogue with his registered arms. Note that, although the number of charges here would seem a trifle busy for a badge, the design forms a unified whole.

Eiric Thurstonsen of Dragonskeep. Name and device. Sable, a dragon couchant guardant to sinister, tail coward, Or, its wings elevated, addorsed, and debruising a rainbow proper.

Note: the awkwardness of the blazon reflects the "modern" style of the device. This strains at the limits which our collective sensibilities have established for period style.

Gottfrid Litebjorn. Device change. Quarterly pean and purpure, a bear rampant within a bordure argent.

Note: His previous device ("Quarterly gules and purpure, a bear rampant and on a chief argent a fleur­de­lys purpure and another gules.") is released.

Ilaris Veltri degli Ansari. Name change (from Ilaria Veltri) and device. Azure, a greyhound rampant argent, gorged of an embattled coronet Or, atop a trimount paly Or and vert, all within a bordure argent.

John of Calderwood. Name and device. Per bend azure and Or, in pale an eagle's head erased and a sun counterchanged.

Please request the submitter to drew the sun properly, rather than as an unusual compass star. This would be better style If the charges were in bend sinister.

Roger Carpenter of Rye. Name and device. Or, in pale a carpenter's axe and a carpenter's square, point to base, and on a chief azure three annulets Or.

Suleiman ibn al­Khattaru. Name and device. Azure, an Arabian lamp enflamed and on a chief urdy Or, an olive branch reversed vert,

Much debate centered on the propriety of using the term "Arabian" for the lamp depicted. As the precedent for using the term has already been set by the well­known badge of Ithra ("Gules, on a sun Or, eclipsed gules, an Arabian lamp flamment Or."), their seems no compelling reason to deny the submittor his preferred blazon.

Kingdom of the East

Alisha MacLeod. Name and device. Per pale argent and sable, a griffin passant, wings addorsed, between three roses counterchanged, barbed and seeded proper.

Alys of the White Cliffs. Name and device. Lozengy ermine and azure, on a fess nebuly Or, three estoiles sable.

Please ask the submittor to draw the nebuly bolder so that It is clearer against the complex field.

Boniface de Tennequay. Name and device. Sable, a coney rampant argent, maintaining a torch Or.

From the mundane arms of Cleland of that Ilk ("Azure, a hare salient argent, with a hunting horn about his neck vert, garnished gules.") this differs by a major for the field plus minors for the differences in the objects borne. Perygen Morthymbr ("Sable, an otter sejant reguardant holding bendwise a felling axe argent, hilted proper.") has a clear major for position of the primary charge, a minor for type of charge (the differences in tail and ears between the coney and otter are worth at least a strong minor when a single animal is in question) and another minor for the cumulative differences between the sword and the torch. This is a case where Master Baldwin's dart board might well have come into play, but I generally prefer to give the submittor the benefit of the doubt.

Bronwyn of Glendale. Name and device. Quarterly vert and Or, an oak tree couped and blasted within an orle sable.

Caterine Ganivre Martin. Name only.

Damian Ravenscroft. Name only.

Dorren of Ashwell. Name and device. Per pale sable and argent, a theatrical mask, comic to dexter, tragic to sinister, counterchanged and on a chief per pale argent and purpure, a chain of five mascles counterchanged.

East Kingdom. Title for Eisenstern Pursuivant.

East Kingdom. Title for Firebrand Herald.

Elaine Darkenlight of the Silver Sea. Device. Per bend argent and sable, three pallets between two sunbursts, all counterchanged.

The question of whether the sunburst should be a reserved charge is a knotty one. There is no doubt that it was used as a royal badge by Edward Ill and Henry VII. However, as was clear from the sources cited by Chevron (notably Pinches, The Royal Heraldry of Ireland, p. 54) as well as those sources that I had access to, the rays in the royal badge were always Or rather than argent or sable as here. (Hence the theory that the badge is a canting reference to Edward's birthplace of Windsor, i.e., that the rays are not rays of the sun but "Winds Or".) The Society tradition has to be conservative in adding to the list of reserved charges and I am loathe to depart from that tradition. Since the preponderance of evidence is that only the sunburst with golden rays was used as a royal badge, no other usage should be restricted in the Society.

PRECEDENT: Since they seem to have been used exclusively as royal badges, sunbursts with rays Or may not be used in Society heraldry. Sunbursts of other colours may be used freely.

Eleazar ha Levi. Name and device. Per pale dovetailed Or and azure, three mullets of six points in pale and a date palm tree, eradicated and fructed, all counterchanged.

Elinor Annora ferch Llewelyn. Badge. Vert, a quill pen bendwise sinister within a bordure argent.

Francis of Ashwell. Name and device. Per pale sable and argent, a millrind and on a chief dovetailed a chain of five mascles, all counterchanged.

Frosted Hills, Shire of. Name only.

Gwythyr the Deerfollower. Name and device. Chequy gules and argent, a winged stag salient guardant to sinister sable.

The name was submitted to the College as Gwytheyrn the Deerfollower. As it was the consensus of the College that the name Gwytheyrn was a unique name, being the Welsh form of the name Vortigern, we have substituted the similar name Gwythyr, a period Welsh name derived from the Latin "Victor".

Hjalmar von Aachen. Name only.

Batonvert indicates that the name Hjalmar appears in the Norse poem The Waking of Angantyr.

Isabeau de Bordeaux. Name only.

Note that the heroine of the movie Ladyhawke was Isabeau of Anjou.

Leopold van Audenhoelve. Name and device. Sable, three mushrooms argent.

Llawdden MacGryphon. Name change (from holding name of Kerry MacGryphon) and badge. A snake glissant chevronwise sable.

Llawdden MacGryphon. Badge for Clan MacGryphon. A griffin's head erased azure and overall a snake glissant chevronwise sable.

Michael of Ashwell. Name only.

Reinholdt von Trollenhagen. Name and device. Per pale Or and azure, two chevronels and a chief, all counterchanged.

Tomas of Wirth. Name only.

Young Robert of Eisental. Name and device. Per pale azure and argent, a compass star, elongated to base, within an orle, all counterchanged.

Kingdom of the West

Airienne of Grand Sea. Name change (from Eirian of Grandsea).

Blessed Herman the Cripple, College of. Name only.

Colin Blackthorn. Name and device. Argent, a pall cotised between three blackthorn bushes eradicated sable.

Please request the submittor to render the bushes more identifiably as thorn bushes.

Cristoval Gitano. Name and device. Per saltire sable and gules, four owl's faces in cross argent.

Deirdre Marianne Steele of Cowdray. Name change (from Deirdre Steele of Cowdray; see RETURNS for badge).

Douglas Archer. Reblazon of device. Or, on a pile throughout sable, three pheons argent, overall a chevron counterchanged.

Draco of Nola. Name and device. Pean, a sword fesswise, point to sinister, between two dragons couchant, wings elevated and addorsed, argent.

The name was submitted as Draco of Nolava. Lion's Blood acutely pointed out that this "made­up" place name is merely Avalon spelled backwards. By itself this would be dicey since Avalon has been held before to be out of the human bourne, but in conjunction with the name Draco it is "right out". Therefore, we have substituted the actual Italian placename of Nola which was mentioned in the submittor's documentation.

Elspeth of Seal Cove. Name and device. Purpure, a water bouget erminois.

Ezzo von Schwarzwald. Name only.

Geraint Scholar. Name and device. Per saltire argent and sable, a saltire counterchanged between in cross four ermine spots counterchanged gules and argent.

Geraint of Grand Sea. Badge. A pitcher berry wavy argent and azure.

Note: his old badge ("A pitcher with spout to sinister barry wavy argent and azure.") is released.

Gwythian Darkmantle. Name and device. Per pale argent and sable, a serpent with a head at either end, heads erect and respectant, within a bordure engrailed counterchanged.

Harold of Roseworn. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Harold von Schwarzwald. Name change (from Harold von Schwartzwald).

Kathleen Allen. Badge. Checky sable and Or, a torteau.

Liam MacMhuire. Name and device. Per bend sinister gules and Or, an anchor and a sun counterchanged.

The metronymic has been modified to the genitive form of the given name Maire. The submittor should be informed that the name Maire was hardly ever used in the period before the seventeenth century, there being a general feeling In Irish circles that the name was too sacred for everyday use. (In fact, the name Mary only really became popular in Ireland in the nineteenth century when it was the usual anglicizing of the old Irish name "Mor".) In period circumlocutions like "Gilla Mhuire" (servant of Mary) were commoner so that a patronymic like "mac Giolla Mhuire" would actually be more accurate for period Ireland. Note also that the anchors as drawn on the emblazon sheet were modern anchors: the submittor should be asked to use the period, straight­armed anchor.

Louis de la Terre. Name only.

Marguerite de Rada. Name and device. Per pale sable and argent, a bar gemel wavy counterchanged, overall a double rose, and in base a goutte gules.

The name was submitted as Marguerite de Rada y Sylva. As there is a town In Italy by the name of Rada, the name "de Rada" without an article is licit and makes the name as whole French. However, we could not document the form "Sylva" in Spanish (the i/y switch is not random and does not seem to occur in Spanish. If the nouns were taken as common nouns, the article would be necessary and you would get "de la Rada y Silva" which means "of the Inlet and Poetic Miscellany". As this makes little sense as a family name of origin, we have dropped the latter part of the name.

Merewenna of Southmarch. Name and device. Ermine, a bend sinister sable surmounted by a swan naiant gules.

Miriam Galbraith of the Green Flame. Name and device. Argent, on a flame vert, another Or, all within a bordure embattled vert.

Morgana of the Crystal Wells. Name change (from holding name of Morgana of Nordwache).

Parlan MacFallon. Name and device. Or, three wolf's heads jessant­de­lys purpure.

Please request the submittor to draw his heads more identifiably. On the submitted emblazons for the device and badge the conjoint charges looked to many to be merely ornate fleurs­de­lys.

Parlan MacFallon. Badge. A wolf's head jessant­de­lys purpure.

Sebastian the Decadent. Name only

Sieglinde von Eichstatt. Name and device. Per fess sable and Or, two catamounts counterstatant guardant counterchanged.

West Kingdom. Title for Frette Rouge Pursuivant.

THE FOLLOWING SUBMISSIONS ARE RETURNED:

Kingdom of An Tir

An Tir, Kingdom of. Badge. Chequy Or and argent, a lion's head cabossed sable. There is a strong visual conflict with Lenore of Lynxhaven ("Or, a lynx's head cabossed sable, orbed Or.")

An Tir, Kingdom of. Guild of the Black Kettle. Device. Argent, a demi­lion rampant queue­forchee sable crowned gules maintaining in dexter forepaw a wooden spoon proper and in base a kettle sable.

The crown is reserved to the arms of Kingdoms, Principalities and Royal Peers and may not be used, even with royal permission, by other individuals or groups.

Aquaterre, Shire of. Device. Per fess wavy vert and berry wavy argent and azure, in chief a laurel wreath argent.

Conflicts with the device of Antonio di Casa di' Aqua ("Per fess wavy vert and argent, in pale a millrind millrind Or and two bars wavy azure."). Visually, the only difference is the tincture and type of charge in chief. The most difference that can be extracted from this is a major and a minor point since the visual weight of the millrind/laurel wreath Is that of a secondary charge.

Bohemond de Nolrville. Name change (from Bohemond the Black).

The placename Black Village in French would be "Villenoire", using the period analogues of Villehardouin or Villeneuve. An alternative would be Norville (North Village). The submittor indicated that he would accept corrections to grammar but not to spelling (!!!) so we have no alternative but to return the name as a whole.

Drogo the Forgetful. Device. Azure, a pall argent, overall a sun Or eclipsed sable.

This conflicts with Wendryn Townsend ("Azure, a sun in its glory Or"). Only a minor point of difference can be derived from the eclipsing of the sun, whether you consider it as using different tincture for part of a charge (analogous to using Or for the wings of an argent pegasus) or a permutation of the main charge (it is analogous to the example of the charge pierced versus unpierced).

Duncan Macquarie. Device. Argent, a dragon passant coward within a double treasure flory gules.

There was general agreement that the double treasure was too close to the treasure of Scotland, especially when conjoined to the Red Dragon badge of Wales.

Frederick of Zwickau. Device. Or, on a pile sable, surmounted by two chevronels counterchanged, in chief a tau cross argent.

There is a clear visual conflict with Douglas Archer ("Or, on a pile throughout sable, three pheons argent, overall a chevron counterchanged.")

Geoffrey of Salisbury. Device. Per bend vert and purpure, a bend Or between a unicorn rampant argent and an astrolabe argent, marked Or.

The contrast was so poor between the argent and Or of the astrolabe that it was impossible for most to identify clearly what it was at any distance. Although this may be an "astrolabe proper", it, does not serve well for identification. Perhaps the submittor would consider delineating the identifying markings In a colour?

James NicEdom. Badge. Azure, a cobra coiled affronty argent.

Conflict with Vincenzo di Calabris ("Per pale gules and vert, a rattlesnake coiled to sinister, tall erect, argent."). There is a point for the field, but the differences in the serpents are not so pronounced as to produce the strong minor needed for difference. (A natural phenomenon of period and modern European life is that we do not differentiate serpents with the same accuracy as we do warm blooded creatures: A snake tends to be a snake and no more in mundane heraldry.)

Karl the Purple. Device. Purpure, seven annulets interlaced in annulo and on a chief multiply nowed or, a domestic cat courant to sinister purpure.

There are two problems with this device. First of all, it was the consensus of the College that the line of division used for the chief is too difficult to identify and will inevitably be confused with traditional nebuly or wavy and therefore should not be accepted for use in the Society. Secondly, the annulet of annulets far too strongly resembles an annulet of chain, which is reserved in Society usage to the Chivalry.

Lachlana of Crownwood. Name only.

The given Is not formed properly. Gaelic does not form feminine forms simply by adding an "a" suffix as does Spanish.

Reginleif the Unruly. Badge. Sable, on a horse's head couped a flame gules. Sadly, I am compelled to agree that this now conflicts with Cassandra of the East Winds ("Sable, on a plate a flame gules."). Since the tertiary charge placed on the primary charge is identical to that in Cassandra's device, complete difference of charge should not technically apply and there is a clear visual resemblance.

Tyrrel Figenbaum. Device. Sable, upon a firebomb Or, flamed proper, a natural rosebud bendwise sinister azure, slipped and leaved vert.

This conflicts technically and visually with Gwynath Math o Ddylluan ("Sable, a bezant charged with a raven on a branch bendwise, all sable.") The cumulative changes to the tertiary charges do not carry this clear.

Kingdom of Atenveldt

Caomhgin Liccere. Device. Azure, a pile wavy Or, between two columbines argent. Conflict with the Barony of Namron's Order of the Heart of the Sable Storm ("A pile wavy Or."). As this is a fieldless badge, there is only the major point for the addition of the columbines.

Correus Dracontius. Device. Vert, on a lozenge argent, a dragon's claw bendwise sinister couped vert, enflamed to sinister chief proper.

The lozenge is drawn as fesswise throughout and is therefore neither a standard lozenge nor vetu. If the lozenge is drawn properly, there is a conflict with the device of Meelen of Catcott ("Pupure, on a lozenge argent a forget­me­not blossom proper.")

Damien of Blackwood. Device. Per bend gules and sable, two salamanders conjoined in annulo counterchanged, enflamed Or.

The effect is of salamanders fimbriated rayonny and these are too complex to fimbriate. Additionally, this is a visual conflict with Rutik Siegfriedason of Ringstad ("Per bend gules and sable, on a roundel counterchanged fimbriated a compass star throughout Or.").

Egan Blackwolf. Device. Purpure, a sheep and a wolf sejant erect addorsed reguardant argent and in chief a dagger inverted proper.

The "rule of thumb" proposed by Master Baldwin in his cover letter dated 29 September, 1985, "the use of three or more non­identical charges in what would conventionally be considered a "group" may . . . cause a submission to be returned as too complex", surely applies here.

Gallyoddwyn ap Morgane. Name and device. Argent, ermined gules, an owl displayed guardant sable.

No documentation was supplied for the given name other that it was supposed to be Welsh. No member of the College could confirm that it was an actual Welsh given name and in fact the name does not appear to be formed in accordance with the usual rules for given names in Welsh. The device is in technical conflict with the device of Muhrenah Vasilanova Romanovich ("Per pale ermine and counter­ermine, a barn owl stooping affronty proper.")

Garth the Wanderer. Device. Sable, on a bend sinister argent goutte de sang between a Celtic cross and a winged shoe argent, a morningstar sable.

Conflicts with the device of Ewan the Mad Wanderer.("Sable, a bend sinister between a Celtic cross and a unicorn's head couped reversed all argent.")

Garth the Wanderer. Badge. Azure, in fess a Celtic cross Or, a dagger inverted proper and a winged shoe Or.

Three unrelated objects strewn on a field do not a badge make. (See Baldwin's "Rule of Thumb" above.)

Haakon Silverram. Device. Pean, a ram's head cabossed, on a chief wavy argent a pair of antlers proper between two roses sable, barbed and seeded proper.

Antlers proper have been defined as "white or light yellow brown" (Wilhelm von Schlussel, 26 December, 1983) so there is insufficient contrast between the antlers and the argent chief.

Hagar Helmsplitter. Household name for House Cats and Hammer.

Commentary in the College divided evenly between those of us who are old enough to remember the Katzenjammer Kids and those who were not. If I may quote from Master Gawaine of Mistbridge, "this name would be acceptable only if they had two boys named Hans und Fritz" (actually, not even then!).

Katryn Runereader. Device. Vert, on a chevron palewise to sinister couped argent, three clover blossoms sable.

The device is unbalanced and the clover blossoms were unidentifiable as drawn. Moreover, the chevron here forms one of the standard runes, as given in Koch's Book of Signs, and runic characters are forbidden for use in devices, although they have been used on a case by case basis in badges.

Owen Sherard Trahern. Device. Sable crusilly couped argent, on a mullet of ten points elongated to base Or, a winged spear, wings displayed, sable.

Conflicts visually with the device of Rolf the Relentless ("Pean, a compass star fitchy Or.").

Rhiannon Wild Heart. Device. Azure, on a lozenge vert, fimbriated, a unicorn's head couped argent.

It is a long­standing policy that the name Rhiannon may not be coupled with horses or unicorns in view of Rhiannon's function as a horse goddess.

Robert mac Neill mhic Donnachaldh of Inchmagranach. Device. Gules, three wolf's heads erased, on a chief potenty argent, three thistles gules.

As Crescent has noted his last submission, although returned on other grounds, came perilously close to infringing on the arms of Struan Robertson (it was submitted under the name of Robert Struanson). If I may quote Crescent, "Now we have Robert ... macDuncan ... and a device which Is a major­plus­minor from both Duncan and from Robertson. This is compounded by the fact that the Duncan/Duncanson families are related to the Robertson clan, as evidenced by the similarity of their coats; the Duncans also use the Robertson tartan .... This is too much to ask of coincidence; in my opinion, the submitter is trying, by his choice of name and device, to lay claim to a specific mundane coat." The name and the device together constitute infringement. To pass the name, we have returned the device.

Rodrik of Tanglewood. Device. Per bend Or and azure, ermined Or, in chief a dragon salient, wings addorsed, azure.

Conflict with Johann der Feuerwehrmann ("Per bend Or and azure, a dragon volant and a hammer bendwise counter­changed.").

Taysa Ariello. Device. Per pale argent and vert, a compass­star azure charged with a fox's mask argent within two dragons volant in annulo counterchanged.

The extremely low contrast level between the compass­star and the vert portion of the field renders the star almost unidentifiable. It was the general consensus that this, taken with the non­standard and rather busy position of the dragons, pushed this device over the edge of unacceptable complexity.

Yasugawa Shiotani­no­Okami. Name change (from Randall Morgan).

Despite the large packet of Xeroxed documentation, there seem to be several difficulties with the new name as submitted. By the submittor's own documentation, the name Okami is a family name rather than a given name. While many family names, particularly those involving totemic beasts also appear as elements in given names, not all such names exist as given names in themselves. In fact, this appears to be the exception rather than the rule, to judge by the lists of animal names provided by the submittor. Additionally, as several commentors pointed out, the final two syllables in practical pronunciation, would be almost indistinguishable from "no­kami" which is the approved Japanese equivalent for "Lord" in the Society. This being so, the collocation should be rigorously avoided. Also, the passages provided by the submittor from Japanese Names and How to Read Them indicate that the "no" element would not be written in a name construction of family name plus clan name plus personal name.

Kingdom of Caid

Keradawc an Cai . Badge. Three crescents conjoined in pall inverted, horns outward argent.

Conflict with Bannes, Marquis de Puygiron ("Azure, three crescents, one and two, argent, the first one upright and the other two addorsed.")

Kingdom of the East

Bronwyn Dawntreader. Device. Barry wavy argent and azure, a unicornate seahorse erect and sinister facing sable.

Conflict with Judith Darkwater ("Barry wavy argent and sable, a seahorse naiant to sinister azure."). There is a major point for the position of the horse but under the current rules the permutation of tinctures here only yields a minor point (see Rules XIII.B.7).

Eisental, Shire of. Badge. A compass star, elongated to base, quarterly azure and argent.

Since the current rules allow only a single point of difference for tincture differences of a single charge, this is technically a conflict with Paul of Sunriver ("Azure, a compass star Or.") and Rodema de Rohan ("Or, a compass star vert.").

Lion's Heart, Hold of. Name and device. Or, on a heart gules, a lion sejant Or, in base a laurel wreath vert, all within a bordure embattled sable.

The consensus of the College was that the original decision of the Eastern College of Heralds in returning the name and device was justified. The collocation of the term "Hold" and the epithet of Richard Lionheart suggested too strongly that this was one of Richard's royal castles. The device was judged to be excessively complex and poor style to a degree which should not be accepted for group arms which precedent indicates of should set an example".

Oswald von don Grunwald. Badge. A pine tree eradicated bendy argent and sable. As the current rules require that all fieldless badges be checked against all possible fields, legal or not, this conflicts with Allandale of the Evergreene ("Argent, a pine tree proper."), Daniel of Glenmor ("Per pale argent and azure, a pine tree counterchanged.") and Patricia of the Northern Manor ("Bendy sinister of four gules and Or, a Colorado blue spruce tree eradicated proper.").

Wiadyslaw Poleaki. Name change (from holding name of Wiadyslaw of Concordia). The consensus of the commenting heralds was that the name, whether it be interpreted as Wladyslaw of Polesle or as Wladyslaw of Poland, is presumptuous and that Laurel's original return of the name was correct.

Kingdom of the West

Deirdre Marianne Steele of Cowdray. Badge. A mushroom per pale purpure and Or. As this is fieldless, this technically conflicts with Deborah the Wanderer ("Purpure, a mushroom argent."). As noted above, the current rules do not allow a distinction to be made between fields on which a badge may legally be displayed and those on which it may not, so the conflict remains.

Drew Fortescue. Badge. Azure, a see­griffin erect argent, tailed Or.

Conflict with Gorke ("Azure, a sea­griffin argent, tailed Or."). From this blazon from Rietstap there is only a minor point for the change in

the tincture of the tail.

Harold of Roseworn. Device. Per bend sinister sable and azure, an angel affronty, wings displayed, argent, crined Or, holding two copper straight trumpets proper and charged on the breast with a rose gules.

Three problems presented themselves with regard to this device. The trumpets, whose default tincture must be heraldically Or, are metal on metal because of their position, to the extent that they were unidentifiable at any distance. The angel looks as if he were technically a herald to the Princes of Lippe (whose very famous arms are "Argent, a rose gules, barbed and seeded proper."). Finally, there to a technical conflict with Megara di Alessandra ("Sable, a fury rampant affronty, sinister hand lowered, proper, vested argent, winged Or, maintaining in the dexter hand a torch bendwise sinister enflamed proper.")

Politikopolis, Shire of. Name and device. Argent, two chevronels gules between in chief two griffins combattant and in base a laurel wreath azure.

The fact remains that Master Baldwin's original return of the name was based on accurate analysts of the linguistic elements of the name which Is tautological and could not have existed as an actual place name in classical Greek, which is the linguistic environment in which this name has been placed by its syntax. No real evidence to the contrary has been adduced: the Xeroxes provided the Laurel Office are from the "Baby" Liddell and Scott. Comparison with the citations given In the unabridged Liddell and Scott as well as two decades of experience in the study and teaching of Greek on the part of the Laurel staff support the original return. Unfortunately, the device cannot be registered without a suitable name (holding names may not be created for groups).

THE FOLLOWING SUBMISSION IS PENDING:

Iagoba Garser Otsoeskua. Name only.

Held for further research on the Basque name formation.