APPROVALS

AUGUST XXII (1987)

THE FOLLOWING SUBMISSIONS ARE APPROVED:

KINGDOM OF AN TIR

Anastasia of Madrone. Holding name and device. Per bend gules and argent, two Russian Orthodox crosses in bend argent and another sable.

The submission was made under the name Anastasia Aleksandrova, which was returned in May, 1987. The device is poorly balanced, but seemed acceptable in view of its relative simplicity.

An Tir, Kingdom of. Badge for Lists Office. Sable, a scroll unrolled bendwise argent, overall a sword Or.

This had previously been returned for conflict with the arms of Morimoto Koryu, who has now granted permission to conflict.

An Tir, Kingdom of. Name for Order of the Carp (see RETURNS for badge).

Arianwen of Blatha an Oir. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per pale azure and vert, a pheon inverted within a massacre argent.

This was submitted under the name of Eirianwen o Caer Aranrhod.

Bohemond de Noirville. Change of name from Bohemond the Black.

Cairbre Poc Airgead. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Ceridwen of Gwynedd. Device. Purpure, in pale three mullets pierced between two pallets endorsed argent.

Cheryl av Hastenholm. Device. Azure, a winged bull passant Or between three compass stars argent.

Clifford Bardric. Change of name from Clifford Bardric of Open Towers.

Corwin Falcone. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Dædin MacKay na Aonaich. Name and device. Vert, on a chevron argent two swords sable, in base a goblet, all within a bordure embattled argent.

The name was submitted as Daidan MacKay na Aonaich. As her documentation supported an Anglo-Saxon form Dædin, rather than the submitted form, we have modified the given name as her paperwork allowed.

Diana ni Charvell. Badge for House of the Beasts. Counter-ermine, a sea-dog rampant maintaining in dexter paw an arrow and in sinister paw a sword argent.

Douglas Cameron of Skye. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Drogo the Forgetful. Device. Per bend Or and sable, two suns eclipsed of the field counterchanged.

Ellin of Coeur du Val. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Azure, a stork statant argent wearing a horned helm and maintaining in its sinister talon a spear bendwise, between in pale a warhammer fesswise and another fesswise reversed and in fess a warhammer palewise inverted and another palewise Or.

The submission was made under the name Ellin Berserkr.

Enid de Bohun. Device. Per bend sinister Or and vert, a hawthorne sprig gules.

Garrathe Ravenswood. Change of device. Or, seme of spruce trees azure, a chevron throughout gules and in base a raven sable.

Garrathe Ravenswood. Badge. Purpure, a wombat inverted erect affronty Or pendant from a leafless branch argent.

The flora was blazoned as a "scrog" on the letter of intent and this a term in Scots blazon. However, its obscurity makes it inaccessible for the average heraldic artist and it must be avoided here since a perfectly good "plain language" option is available.

Gideon of the Silverwood. Name only.

Gleowine Barding of Bardingham. Name and device. Or, three harps azure, on a chief gules three cups Or.

Goraidh Ailean na Gordanaich. Name and device. Purpure, a triskelion pommetty pallwise Or.

Iagoba Garsez Otsoeskua. Device. Or, three wolf's jambes palewise, erased and affronty, sable and in chief a serpent glissant fesswise vert, spined sable.

Jessika of Fairholm. Name and device. Azure, a wingless dragon couchant reversed argent, clutching in its forepaws a torteau, on a chief Or two horses passant respectant sable.

Lee of the Lowlands. Name and device. Quarterly gules and argent, seme of Russian Orthodox crosses, a Russian Orthodox cross azure.

Note that the submittor's mundane given name is Lee.

Magdalena Katerina Maria de Navarra. Name and device. Or, a daisy sable, eyed Or, between three mullets of six points gules.

The submission was made under the name Magdalena Katerina Maria Marguerite de Navarra. However, the given name Marguerite has been dropped to avoid conflict with Marguerite de Navarre. This lady is famous not only as the grandmother of Henry IV of France, but even more as the author of, a collection of The Heptameron tales modeled on Boccacio that Brantome calls Les Contes de la Reine de Navarre.

Margaret of Kingston on Thames. Name and device. Counter-ermine, a rose argent within a bordure Or.

Michael Roberto Paolo Ezzelino. Name only.

Perilous Guard, Canton of. Device. Or, on a flame gules within a laurel wreath vert a snowflake argent, all within a bordure embattled sable.

This would be much better stylistically without the snowflake!

Randwulf Aylen. Name and device. Per bend sinister argent and sable, a lymphad, sail furled, and a sea-stag erect counterchanged.

Robin de Vertmont. Change of name from Robin de Montvert.

Rolf Longbow. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Sheila Eileen Natalia MacDougal of Perth. Name and device. Ermine, a dove displayed azure grasping a vine vert, flowered purpure.

Sigrid Rabenfels. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Tara nic an Fhleisdeir. Blazon correction. Per pale sable and argent, a domestic cat's headcounterchanged, orbed vert, pupilled of cabossed cabossed the field.

When the device was registered in January, 1980, the orientation of the head was omitted: since the default for a cat's head is not cabossed, it is necessary.

Theodric MacRauri. Name only.

Three Mountains, Barony of. Name for the Order of the Mountain Sun (see RETURNS for badge).

Wilhelm von Ulm. Device. Per pale azure and Or, three mullets of six points within a bordure counterchanged.

KINGDOM OF ATENVELDT

Andrea des Chiens. Device. Gules, a pale pean between two dogs combattant Or.

Drogo Baillehache. Device. Pean, a battleaxe, issuant from base and blade to sinister, argent within a bordure erminois.

Elizabeth of Canterbury. Device. Per bend azure and vert, on a bend sable, fimbriated, between a ring with three keys pendant and an open book argent, a needle, point to chief, Or, threaded argent.

Nicolas Alejandro del Otoño. Name only.

The name appeared on the letter of intent as Nicholas Alejandro del Otoño. However, his forms had the proper Spanish form of the given name so we have registered it in this form.

Sigmund Kenneth von Rotberg. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

KINGDOM OF ATLANTIA

Airbertach Deoraidh. Change from holding name of John of Storvik.

Alan of Gravesend. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Beverly Blackpool. Holding name and device. Per bend gules and sable, a hawk rising Or and a wolf's head ululant, erased and facing to sinister, all within an orle argent.

The submission was made under the name Lyra Blackpool. The holding name has been formed using her mundane given name.

Genevieve of Nottinghill. Name and device. Azure, a Celtic cross bottonny, mounted on three grieces, between three lilies argent.

Gwyl of Storvik. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Vert, a hedgehog rampant to sinister within a bordure argent.

The submission was made under the name Gwyl ferch Ollam. The submittor provided documentation indicating that the name of one of the mistresses of Arthur was Gwyl, daughter of Eutaw.

Imran Yosef le Scorpioun. Device. Quarterly gules and sable, a swan rousant, wings displayed, argent, beaked and membered, within a bordure Or.

Ivo le Lunatique. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Karl von Quirnbach. Device. Or, on a saltire sable between in pale two Latin crosses gules and in fess two Latin crosses vert, five bezants.

Kay de la Fleur. Badge for House Wayward. Per bend sinister gules and argent, a tower counterchanged within a bordure embattled sable.

Lost Caverns of the Amber Mount, Canton of. Badge. Per chevron sable and Or, a three peaked mountain couped counterchanged.

Note that this is identical to the arms of the Canton save for the absence of the laurel wreath.

Lynn Chance of Kent. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Morvran Corbet de la Flamme. Name and device. Or, two crows displayed, heads respectant, sable and a chief vert.

Randall Arrowsmith. Device. Azure, on a saltire embattled couped Or a tower azure, all within a bordure rayonny Or.

Rudhraighe O'Hagan. Name and badge (see RETURNS for device). Azure, a bezant, pierced sable, between four plates, all within a bordure argent.

Note that this is right at the margin of acceptable complexity for a badge (the voiding of the bezant tried to tug it over, the unifying tincture of the outer charges pulled it back).

Rudhraighe O'Hagan. Badge. Sable, a plate, pierced azure, between four bezants, all within a bordure Or.

Ursula Aelswitha. Device. Vert, semy of snowflakes, a polar bear passant within a bordure engrailed argent.

Winifred Corbeaunoir. Device. Or, a pall azure between three ravens rising to sinister, wings elevated and addorsed, sable.

KINGDOM OF CAID

Agnes of Ilford. Name and device. Gules, ermined argent, a triple tressure Or.

Anne FitzAlan of Castle Combe. Device. Or, semy of lozenges azure, a bear rampant to sinister proper.

Barak Elandris Hanno von Halstern. Name change from Barak Elandris Hanno (see RETURNS for badge).

Bryan de Albengi. Name and device. Argent, a demi-eagle rising to sinister, wings elevated and addorsed, purpure issuant from a base rayonny sable.

Note that this is functionally a phoenix visually: the blazon provided by Crescent has been retained to reinforce to the heraldic artist the essentially horizontal orientation of the top of the sable "flames".

Cassaundra Igraine of Gwynedd. Name and device. Per bend sinister azure and Or, three harps in bend and a bordure embattled counterchanged.

Derrick of Kent. Name only.

Gwendolyn of Amberwood. Name and device. Per chevron enhanced sable and vert, two oak leaves fesswise and an oak tree eradicated Or.

While Crescent is correct in noting that the precise location of the per chevron line of division should be adapted to allow the charges to fill the field, it is probably necessary here to specify the line of division as being enhanced to obtain the relative sizes of the three charges that the submittor clearly desires (i.e., having the tree as a primary charge and the leaves as distinctly secondary charges).

Isabeau Eaglestone of Glinwood. Name and device. Per fess raguly vert and argent, an eagle displayed perched on a bow and three trees counterchanged.

Joseph d'Aquitaine. Change from holding name of Joseph of the Angels.

Katherine Lynten of CaerLeon. Device. Per bend sinister rompu argent and gules, in sinister base a pomegranate slipped and leaved argent, seeded gules.

Kendra of the White Castle. Device. Or, on an open book vert a castle argent, all within a bordure sable.

Madeleine FitzRobert de la Foret. Name and device. Argent, on a cross azure an escallop inverted Or, overall a bordure embattled counterchanged.

Naevehiem, Shire of. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Randall Llewellyn Alyson. Name and device. Azure, a flame proper within an annulet nowed in base with a Stafford knot argent.

Please ask the submittor to draw the flame larger and with the Or on its outside more clearly defined than it was on the emblazon sheet.

Robert the Skeptic. Name and device. Bendy azure and argent, a cogwheel sable and overall a quill pen bendwise sinister Or.

al-Sahid, Canton of. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Stephen of Huntington. Device. Quarterly azure and sable, a hunting horn between three roses argent.

William Schuyler. Name and device. Sable, a chevron embattled between two swords in chevron and an open book argent.

The name was submitted as William Schuyler of Holland. Given William the Silent and William I, first King of the modern Netherlands the locative seemed unfortunately.

KINGDOM OF THE EAST

Aaron of Skorpios. Name and device. Sable, a scorpion bendwise argent, transfixed by a baton sinister Or.

Adan Calentaur. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Aelfwine the Wanderer. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Anaron Caithnes of Wik. Badge. An eagle's leg erased, belled and jessed, within an orle of chain argent.

The submission was made under the name Anaron Caithnes of Wyk with the notation that it was registered. The registered form of the place name is "Wik". From Catherine Giselasdottir ("Sable, an eagle's leg erased at the thigh and in base a mullet argent.") there is a major point of difference for the type of secondary charge, a minor for the difference in position of the secondary (in base as opposed to surrounding the primary charge) and perhaps a weak minor for the differences in the bird's leg: this is sufficient difference between a device and a badge. Note that he is a knight and therefore entitled to the orle of chain.

Anaron Caithnes of Wik. Release of name and badge for Daingneach Uaine. Per fess argent and vert, a castle and a hippogriff passant guardant counterchanged.

Angharad of the Sleeping Lion. Device. Argent, a lion dormant sable within a bordure azure, charged with three roses argent alternating with three suns in splendour Or.

From Edlyn of Meadowburne ("Argent, a lion dormant sable, gorged of a collar Or, a chief counter-ermine."), there is a major and minor point of difference for the difference in type and tincture of the secondary plus a strong minor point for the addition of the tertiaries here.

Anne De Witte. Device. Ermine, a griffin salient within a bordure purpure.

Aonghas Davidson. Name only.

Arianwen ferch Gawaine. Device. Per bend dovetailed argent and vert, two owls rising to sinister, wings elevated and addorsed, heads to sinister, counterchanged.

The position of the heads must be specified since guardant is the default position for owls.

Aurora Ilfetafether Steorrawuda. Device. Azure, semy of oak leaves Or, in pale a swan volant to sinister and a compass star, all within an orle invected argent.

As an ordinary wreathed of one colour (or "cabled", as the original blazon had it) has previously been disallowed (February, 1985), we have substituted an orle invected: any interior diapering would not contribute difference in any case.

Brianna of the Horses. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Barak Carthalo. Device. Argent, a mermaid proper, tailed, crined, and maintaining an escallop inverted, between two pallets purpure, each charged with three mullets of six points Or.

Caterina del Cavallo. Device. Per fess gules and Or, in pale a horse passant and a Catherine wheel counterchanged.

The blades of the Catherine wheel are attenuated, but are there: please tell her to draw the wheel properly, i.e., with prominent blades which look appropriately vicious.

Dagonell Collingwood of Emerald Lake. Device. Barry wavy vert and argent, a unicorn's head couped sable, armed, orbed and crined, and a chief wavy Or.

Elenore of Ostgardr. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Azure, ermined Or, in pale a decrescent and an estoile of eight points argent

The submission was made under the name of Elenore the Fair.

Erik of Winteroak. Name only.

Gabrielle Annora d'Outremer. Name and device. Argent, a sun in splendour issuant from base gules within a bordure sable, semy-de-lys argent.

The name was submitted as Gabrielle Annora D'Outremere. We have corrected the prepositional phrase indicating her origin to the proper French orthography.

Garlon Dragonheart ap Rheged. Device. Argent, a dragon's head, couped and sinister facing, within a heart azure, voided argent.

Note that the use of a voided charge as a frame for another charge, whether or not that other charge is the primary charge is more than a trifle eccentric by mundane standards, period or modern, but it has been done frequently in Society heraldry to be accepted if the design is simple as it is here. Note that it would not normally be necessary to specify that the heart was azure, voided argent, but confusion over the tinctures of the emblazon even amongst several heralds usually quite adept at grasping which tincture overlies which that we felt we should err in the direction of caution here.

Geraldine the Wanderer. Change of name from Elspeth the Wanderer (see RETURNS for change of device.).

Giceline de Molay. Device. Barry of eight argent and sable, a cross moline fitchy gules.

Gideanus Tacitus Adamantius. Change of name from Gideanus Tacitus.

Gideon Alexandru de Sighisoara. Change of name from Gideon Wynsbane.

Gwyddon Alexander MacGregor of Settmour. Device. Azure, two comets heads to chief, between their heads a decrescent.

Henry of Longhouse. Name and device. Chequy vert and argent, on a chief triangular argent a swan rising, wings elevated and addorsed, sable.

Ina Rowena of the Mist. Device. Per bend sinister azure and argent, five acorns in annulo and a natural leopard couchant sable.

Jacques du Bois Blanc. Name only.

Jan Janowicz Bogdanski. Name and device. Per chevron azure and Or, pale a cross hummetty and a falcon displayed, wings inverted, counterchanged.

Joan of the Winds. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Argent, a stag rampant proper and on a chief indented vert, three snowflakes argent.

The submission was made under the name of Kerensa of the Winds.

Karl von Süssen. Device. Vert, a stork passant, wings elevated and addorsed, argent, grasping in its beak a fish Or, all within a bordure argent.

Kein MacEwan. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Kennard of Bath. Name and device. Or, an elephant statant and a chief sable.

Markus Morgenstern Winterwald. Name and device. Azure, a pine tree upon a mount argent, all within a bordure chequy azure and argent.

Muirdeach of Carrigart. Name and device. Azure, a Celtic cross between in bend sinister two pheasants, each bearing in its beak an olive branch, all Or.

Norris Warnock. Name and device. Per chevron azure and argent, a mullet argent and a phoenix rising from flames gules.

The name was submitted under the name of Norrick Warnock. As the "coined form" of Norrick, would if it existed, be a diminutive of the name Norris, it was not acceptable for registration. Instead, we have substituted the radical form Norris itself, which is attested as a given name as early as 1180 (Reaney, p. 271).

Orion's Gate, Shire of. Name and device. Argent, a winged demi-stag azure within a laurel wreath vert, on a chief sable three compass stars argent.

Richard of Shire An Dubhaigeainn. Holding name and device. Per bend azure and vairy azure and vairy sable and argent, in dexter chief six mullets Or.

The submission was made under the name of Richard the Poor.

Robert of Hazeltine. Name and device. Sable, a compass star and on a chief rayonny Or, a sword fesswise sable.

Note that Reaney (p. 171) indicates that Hazeltine is a place name in origin so the preposition is appropriate.

Robert Peregrine de Marécage. Change of name from Arngrim Thorvallsson.

Although the name appeared on the letter of intent as Robert Peregrine de Maricage, this was a typographical error. Note that his lady's household was registered as Castel Marécage: it is quite common in French idiom for a castel, town or other place name whose formal name contains a term like Castel or Chateau to drop element colloquially. Thus, the use of the simple prepositional form is acceptable.

Stonemarch, Barony of. Name and device. Per chevron vert and argent, three castles within a laurel wreath, all within a bordure invected counterchanged.

Stormsport, Shire of. Name and device. Per pale Or and sable, in pale a roundel and a bar gemel wavy, overall a laurel wreath, all counterchanged.

Tanaka Raiko. Name only.

Teric von Aachen. Name and device. Per pale sable and argent, an oak tree eradicated gules and in chief two increscents counterchanged.

The name seems more than reasonable, given the Latin form Tericus shown by Withycombe (p. 278). He has permission to conflict with Anton of Winteroak ("Per pale sable and argent, an oak tree eradicated gules and in chief two wolf's heads cabossed counterchanged.").

Thibault MacDonald Elliot de Valenciennes. Change of name from Ellimir Corengil Rilluin Colincalion Perelda and change of device. Erminois, fretty gules, a chief azure, semy of cinquefoils Or.

Thorstein fra Agnefit. Badge (see PENDING for designation). A goutte between three barley stalks in triangle Or.

Tibor of Rock Valley. Device. Or, on a bend azure between two open books tergiant gules, three bezants, all within a bordure sable.

Wulfgar der Verlorene. Name only.

The name was submitted as Wulfgar Verlorene. As he wishes the meaning "Wulfgar the Lost", it is necessary to add the definite article.

KINGDOM OF THE MIDDLE

Ivarr Raynorson. Name only.

Kasia Blackfox. Device. Argent, a fox's head erased and sinister facing sable, langued, and on a chief gules three bezants.

Knute Hvitabjörn. Change of name from Knute Hvitbjörn.

Laurenz aus Waldum. Name and device. Per chevron azure and argent, two chalices argent and a cluster of grapes, slipped and leaved, proper.

Middle, Kingdom of. Badge for Middle Kingdom Archery Marshallate. Argent, on a pale gules, three pheons Or.

This would seem precisely the case that intended in DR10, which in some cases allows two clear changes to tertiaries on a device consisting solely of a field and charged ordinary to create a full point of difference. Thus, it is clear of the various mundane coats of "Argent, on a pale gules one X Or.", where X is a charge which is visually distinct from a pheon.

Owen atte Thorn. Name and device. Argent, a European Eagle Owl proper (Bubo bubo), perched on a thorn branch within a bordure vert.

Skraeling Althing, Barony. Badge for Order of the Black Hare. Two hares salient respectant sable maintaining a lyre Or.

Note that this badge, while marginally legal since the hares maintain the lyre, would be vastly improved if both types of charges were of the sample class of tincture.

Thorhalla Carlsdottir Broberg. Change of name from Thorhalla Karlsdottir Broberg.

KINGDOM OF THE WEST

Adelaide Johanna von Hagen. Name only.

Bjorngeirr Brygarreson. Name and device. Purpure, two drinking horns in saltire argent, banded Or, within a bordure argent.

Chad Bitor. Name and device. Or, on a mullet of eight points gules a hexagon throughout Or, all within a bordure purpure.

Damaris O'Petain. Name and device. Argent, in fess two penguins displayed sable, bellied argent, beaked and membered Or, on a chief invected azure, three escallops inverted argent.

David of Teufelberg. Name and device. Sable, fretty argent, on a base indented Or, a trident head sable.

Please ask him to draw the fretty correctly with fewer frets per square inch than there are on the emblazon.

Elsa Lorelle. Name and device. Argent, a rose azure, barbed and seeded proper, within an orle of compass stars elongated to base vert.

She has been granted permission to conflict with Alyanora of Vinca, cited in the letter of intent ("Argent, a periwinkle proper.").

Ewein Padelford. Name and device. Chevronelly inverted Or and sable, on a pale argent, in pale a hammer and an anvil azure.

Gareth Lionmane. Device. Sable, a pair of wings conjoined argent, on a chief invected Or, a lion passant gules.

James the Gentle. Name only.

Joanne of Puffin Cliff. Badge. Per chevron inverted azure and gules, a chevron inverted Or.

Michael O Donnghaile. Name and device. Gules, a harp and on a chief Or, three Celtic crosses formy gules.

Rowan of Sherwood. Name and device. Vert, in cross four branches, ends to center, Or.

Tako Jiro. Device. Sable, a cross miller parted and fretted and a bordure argent.

Torvald Torgarson. Badge. Per pale Or and sable, a pair of stag's antlers in fess counterchanged.

Warin Redhawk of Seven Jays. Name and device. Or, a chevron sable, bezanty, in base a hawk displayed gules.

Wuduholt be Secg, Canton of. Name and device. Azure, on a pile argent, a Coast Redwood tree couped proper, on a chief Or, three laurel wreaths vert.

THE FOLLOWING SUBMISSIONS ARE RETURNED:

KINGDOM OF AN TIR

An Tir, Kingdom of. Badge for Order of the Carp. Gules, a carp hauriant embowed Or.

Conflict with Beatrice Delfini ("Per chevron argent, ermined gules, and azure, a dolphin hauriant embowed Or."). The fish on both pieces of armoury are virtually identical, leaving only the difference in the field.

Cairbre Poc Airgead. Device. Per pale sable and argent, two stags combattant counterchanged.

As Crescent has noted, Society precedent indicates that complete difference of charge cannot exist between two quadrupeds. Therefore, there is a conflict with Whipslade, as cited in the letter of intent ("Per pale sable and argent, two lions combattant counterchanged.")

Corwin Falcone. Device. Per fess argent and sable, on a fess between a sword fesswise reversed and a caltrap counterchanged, a bar counter-compony argent and sable.

At the meeting when this was considered (held at Pennsic), there was a representative mix of College of Arms members, local heralds and interested non-heralds and a consensus that the central charge, whether it be blazoned as a charged fess or a parted fess fimbriated, was too complex to readily identify "on the field".

Douglas Cameron of Skye. Device. Per fess azure and vert, a buffalo's head cabossed between three buffalo's hoofprints argent.

While footprints have been registered in the past, all have been more or less identifiable as such. There was a general feeling that buffalo hoofprints were not identifiable enough (even as being hoofprints) to be used as a charge in the Society.

Eirianwen o Caer Aranrhod. Name only.

It would appear that the form Eirianwen is a modern backformation on the analogy of the period name Arianwen used in forming the holding name. The byname is problematic. In the first place it would probably be mutated to "o Gaer Aranrhod". More importantly, however, Caer Aranrhod ("Castle of Aranrhod", the Welsh moon goddess) is the usual name for the Corona Borealis. Neither the abode of a goddess nor a constellation are usual places for a human to come from and these are the interpretations which the average Society member would put on the place of origin, not the obscure reef whose name is derived from the older legendary locations.

Ellin Berserkr. Name only.

This name occasioned a great deal of philosophical discussion at the War session, which echoed some of the positions advanced at the Symposium. The final upshot of the discussion was a consensus that, although the appearance and meaning were adequately different, the assonance brought this name into conflict with that of Edwin Bersark. Note that several local heralds and non-heralds felt that they would not have been able to tell certainly if Edwin Bersark or Ellin Berserkr were being summoned if they heard a reasonably competent herald shout the name across a tourney field. This seems an excellent touchstone for "aural conflict".

James nic Edom. Badge. Azure, a cobra coiled affronty argent.

This badge was originally returned in September, 1986, for conflict with Vincenzo di Calabria ("Per pale gules and vert, a rattlesnake coiled to sinister, tail erect argent."). Unfortunately, Crescent consideration (complete with marginal sketches!) was correct: the differences between the two serpents in position and type are so weak as to be virtually negligible. The two may be blazoned differently for canting or symbolic purposes, but are not significantly different visually.

Morgan Schwertfeger. Device. Quarterly per fess wavy gules and Or, in bend sinister a bendlet sinister azure and a horse's head, couped and sinister facing, sable.

This was returned for appearance of quartering and was appealed by An Tir on the grounds that the submission was made under the "old" rules for submission and specifically fulfilled the requirements stated in those rules, even though it is in contravention of the rules issued by Master Baldwin in October, 1986, and dated August, 1986.

Although Æstel is most eloquent in his arguments on behalf of the submittor, there is no denying the fact that Master Wilhelm's rules stated the "Device with quarterly field of two tinctures will not be considered quartered arms (and thus generally generally returned) if . . .the line of division on the quarterly is other than straight." [The italics are mine.] This states guidelines, not guarantees, particularly where a usage not otherwise forbidden by law or precedent is used. This is the case here. As long ago as July, 1980, it was ruled that the use of ordinaries cut off by the quartered division would create the presumption of quartering and thus compel return of a device. Adding to the problematic nature of this device is the fact that the "apparent arms" of "Or, a bend sinister azure" are in fact the period arms of Trye (Papworth, p. 191). (Since appeal was made to Master Wilhelm's interpretation of Society precedent and law, it is interesting to note that he indicated that he would have returned it for the appearance of quartering, had it come before him when he was Laurel.).

Nest of Kelynwyk. Device. Azure, chausse argent, a serpent nowed Or and in base a holly wreath counterchanged vert and argent fructed gules.

We were compelled to agree with the commentors who felt that the wreath of holly here would inevitably be taken to be a laurel wreath: the berries are just not that prominent on a holly wreath and, given the wide variations in rendition of the wreath required for group arms, the leaf shapes are not distinctive enough to make it obvious this is not a laurel wreath. Additionally, a field chaussé should not have charge overlie both the field and the "draping" as the wreath does. Finally, given the visual problems with the identification of the holly wreath, it is visually too close to the Shire of Shadowmere ("Argent, on a pile throughout azure a heron close dexter, leg raised argent, overall in base a laurel wreath vert.").

River's Bend, Shire of. Badge. A cattail, slipped and leaved, proper, stem fracted to sinister.

It was felt that this conflicted visually with the badge of Elizabeth Idlewine for Castel Marecage ("Argent, a bulrush, slipped and leaved, within a bordure vert."). The addition of the bordure, which is a standard cadency mark, to a badge which was substantially the same seemed to demand a letter of permission.

Rolf Longbow. Device. Per fess argent and sable, issuant from the line of division a stag's attires sable.

Conflict with Zakesley ("Argent, a hart's attire sable.") as cited in Papworth, p. 948. The attire issuant from the line of division is very poor style.

Sigrid Rabenfels. Device. Argent, a raven close reguardant, maintaining in dexter claw sword, all within a bordure sable.

The consensus was that this was visually too reminiscent of Cigfran Myddrael Joserlin, the Raven ("Argent, a raven rising reguardant, wings disclosed, proper, in the dexter claw a sword gules."), particularly given the fact that the largest visual difference between the two was the addition of the bordure, which is a standard mark of cadency.

Three Mountains, Barony of. Badge for the Order of the Mountain Sun. Per fess indented of three points azure and argent, issuant from the line of division a sun Or, eclipsed gules.

This badge was returned (under the name of the Order of the Rising Sun) for non-period style and this judgement was appealed ("how is a standard heraldic charge issuant from a standard partition line considered to be NPS?"). There are several aspects of the submitted badge, as emblazoned (which is what we must judge by), which are non-period in style. As Crescent has noted, this is a "landscape" design, which the rules specifically indicate is non-period and discouraged. Additionally, the sun as depicted is non a period (or modern) heraldic sun, eclipsed or otherwise: it is essentially a torteau, multiply rayed Or. Moreover, it is not placed centrally on the shield which half of the charge issuant from the line of division, as the blazon implies: if you extend the line of the circle and its rays, they fall well off the periphery of the field. It would not be possible to properly center and redraw the sun because the whole design relies on the outer edge of the sun gules intersecting with the tops of the outer indentations in such a way that the rays lie wholly on the azure and the gules lies totally above the argent portion of the field, thus narrowly avoiding breaking tincture by a very modern design.

KINGDOM OF ATENVELDT

Sigmund Kenneth von Rotberg. Device. Erminois, on a pall vert a bull's head cabossed Or.

Conflict with Beorstan Hunigbin ("Or, on a pall vert, a mullet of three greater and three lesser points Or.").

KINGDOM OF ATLANTIA

Alan of Gravesend. Device. Argent, a chevron gules, overall three piles in point counterchanged, the center one charged in chief with a cross of Calvary Or.

There was a general feeling in the College that this was non-period in style, being excessively "op-artish" in appearance. It is also overly complex. As Treble Clef put it, "The field is the first layer. The chevron is the second. The piles are the third, and so the cross is the fourth layer, which is not allowed.".

Gwyl ferch Ollam. Name only.

As noted by Treble Clef, "ollam" is a rank of bard and is not appropriate for a patronymic in the Society. The submittor's own documentation defines the word to mean "a learned man of the highest rank" so that the use of the patronymic may be interpreted as a claim to rank and therefore fall afoul of NR13.

Ivo le Lunatique. Device. Argent, a human eye environed of a pruning hook azure.

There was a considerable feeling in the College that the combination of the eye and sickle-shaped blade was excessively redolent of the occult. The Laurel staff also found the allusion (possibly unintentional) to ritual blinding to be potentially offensive.

Lynn Chance of Kent. Device. Or, an escarbuncle flory and on a chief azure, two Catherine wheels Or.

Unfortunately, this beautiful device does conflict with Lorna of Leeds, cited in the letter of intent ("Or, an escarbuncle of six flory azure."): between an escarbuncle of six spokes and one of eight there is a distinction not a difference.

Lyra Blackpool. Name only.

The situation with Lyra is not analogous to names such as Margaret, as indicated on the letter of intent. While Margaret does have a "meaning", as do a number of other names from Kolatch attached to the submittor's documentation, it is a name shown to have been used in period. Lyra has not been so shown and is not only a Latin common noun for a musical instrument, but is also by the submittor's own documentation a constellation.

Rudhraighe O'Hagan. Device. Per bend sable and azure, a bend between a boar passant and a bezant, pierced sable, between four plates within an annulet argent.

The collocation of charges in base is too complex to be identifiable as a component of this device.

KINGDOM OF CAID

Barak Elandris Hanno von Halstern. Badge. Sable, a triangle and in chief a roundel argent.

Crescent has been quite eloquent on the subject of our responsibility for respecting the religions of others and I would normally agree with him that use of an abstracted symbol of an ancient or medieval religious group, so long as it be not excessive, should be permitted. Unfortunately, this is an abstraction of the "sign of Tanit", one which actually appears to have been made in ancient formal and informal graffiti. The overwhelming association of Tanit (or Tanith) both in Greek and Roman sources is with the sacrifice of children. This association is frequently the one single thing that the layman knows about Carthaginian religion (a "National Enquirer" remnant from World History or Vergil class, no doubt). This is, moreover, not merely malicious propaganda on the part of the Romans: it is supported by the archaeological evidence, indeed the documentation supplied by the submittor includes photographs of some of the hundreds of pots in which were discovered the burnt bones of young sacrificial victims (though I am certain that Crescent did not realize what the pots were: it is the context that makes them particularly identifiable). Though less common in later periods, the cult of Tanit continued under the Roman occupation and human sacrifices seem to have continued on a sporadic basis in the hinterlands down into the age of Augustine.

Johannas von Bern. Name and device. Sable, a fess erminois, in chief two bears passant addorsed Or, breathing flames proper.

As the gentle forbade any changes to his name or the creation of a holding name, we regretfully had to return the submission as a whole. While Crescent is correct in saying that period orthography is often variable, Latin is much less so (and Johannes is Latin: the German form was Johann). Johannes (or Iohannes) is a regular third declension noun and tends to maintain the standard endings with a fair amount of rigidity, although the other portions of names may vary quite a bit. The device is fine and the name would be too, were the given name Johanne or Johannes. Alas!.

Naevehiem, Shire of. Device. Quarterly argent, ermined gules, and sable, a laurel wreath between in bend sinister two annulets Or.

The laurel wreath is not only too small, but also fades into the argent portion of the field to such an extent that it was virtually unidentifiable at any distance. Making the wreath larger and in a tincture like gules with acceptable contrast with both argent and sable, would resolve the problem.

al-Sahid, Canton of. Device. Sable, a tower within a laurel wreath, all within a bordure Or.

Conflict with Shire of Scorched Earth ("Gules, a tower within a laurel wreath all within a bordure rayonny Or.).

Scathach Faol. Name only.

O Corrain and Maguire, (p. 162), Gaelic Personal Names, cited in the letter of intent, notes two usages of the given name, both for apparently for non-humans: "In the Ulster tales, Scathach is the female warrior, clearly an Otherword personage, who taught Cuchulainn the use of weapons. In the Finn tales, Scathach, daughter of Enna, lulls Finn to sleep with magic music in a fairy mound." Evidence for the name's use by humans is required.

KINGDOM OF THE EAST

Adan Calentaur. Device. Or, six trees vert.

Conflict with Viedma ("Or, an olive tree vert.").

Aelfwine the Wanderer. Device. Per fess Or and sable, a wolf rampant counterchanged.

Conflict with Barker ("Per fess Or and sable, a lion rampant counterchanged.", as cited in Papworth, p. 89). As complete difference of charge cannot exist between two quadrupeds, the technical conflict is clear and the visual conflict is striking.

Arianrhod Ravengarre. Name and device. Vert, a delf and a lozenge, voided and interlaced, argent.

Arianrhod was the Welsh moon goddess and, failing evidence for human use of the name in period, may not be used in the Society. From the badge of Thorvald Rodericksson ("A mullet of eight points, concave, voided and interlaced, Or."), there is a major point for the tincture and a minor for the very pronounced concavity of the charge (equivalent in visual importance at least to the difference between a cross patty and the "normal" cross). However, given the visual similarity of the primary charge to a number of depictions of a snowflake in Society heraldry and mundane art, this appears to infringe on Tiphaine of Snowcroft ("Vert, a snowflake between three terns volant to sinister argent.").

Balatair le Rodeur. Name and device. Per pale gules and sable, on a bend sinister Or a fleur-de-lys palewise sable.

By the submittor's own evidence "Balatair" is not a given name, but rather is described from a descriptive: traveller. He needs a given name. Under the current rules the device conflicts with the badge of Hermann Otto Koehlermann ("Sable, a bend sinister Or."): there is a minor point of difference for the change of half of a low contrast field and another for addition of the tertiary charges (see DoD 4.B.7).

Black Rose, March of the. Device. Argent, a Maltese cross between four roses, each within a laurel wreath sable.

Since each rose/laurel wreath collocation is essentially a single charge visually, this device is constructed on the pattern of a single primary charge and four identical secondaries. This being so, this is in conflict with Dorothea of Caer Myrddin ("Argent, a cross patty sable.").

Brianna of the Horses. Device. Per pale sable and argent, a horse's head cabossed counterchanged.

Conflict with Tara nic an Fhleisdeir ("Per pale sable and argent, a domestic cat's head cabossed, orbed vert, pupilled of the field.").

Carolingia, Barony of. Badge for Carolingian Rapier Company. Azure, a pall of three rapiers in pall, their tips crossed, Or.

Conflict with Pawlett ("Azure, three swords conjoined in point argent, hilted Or."). The modification of the mode of conjunction is a distinction, not a difference, and the visual resemblance is very strong.

Eadred Breowan. Name only.

"Breowan" not does mean "brewer" in Old English as the documentation indicated: it is the infinitive form of the verb which, so far as we can tell, is never used unmodified to form a byname. The occupational surname "Brewer" in various forms does occur from the twelfth century on, but in rather different sounding forms (e.g., Bruwere) in Middle English.

Elenore the Fair. Name only.

The name is in direct conflict with that of Elanor the Fair, daughter of Samwise Gamgee in the Tolkienic universe. It also conflicts with the Society name of Ellen the Fair.

Emeric Wendel. Badge for House Oakenhearth. Quarterly vert and purpure, a pegasus salient, its wings elevated and addorsed, argent.

Conflict with Arianwen of Urquart ("Vert, a horned pegasus salient argent, armed and unguled azure."). Note that this was submitted under the name of Emeric Wendel the Diversified, which was stated to have been registered. This is not the case: his registered name is simply Emeric Wendel.

Geraldine the Wanderer. Change of device. Argent, a two-headed peacock in his pride, necks entwined, proper.

Conflict with the badge of Tannis of Tir-y-Don ("Argent, a peacock passant reguardant bendwise proper."). There is a clear point of difference for the differences of posture, but the double-heads are not sufficiently visible against the peacock's tail to add the necessary extra difference. Note that the arms of Sieglinde von Krause ("Argent, a peacock pavanated in base proper, perched on a linden branch fesswise vert.") not only adds the branch as a prominent design element but has the bird's tail quite clearly in base for a position quite different from that here. Given the almost invisible "non-standard" head arrangement, this is also uncomfortably close to Munt ("Argent, three peacocks in pride proper.", cited in Papworth, p. 329).

Kein MacEwan. Device. Counter-ermine, a griffin segreant to sinister gules.

Conflict with Garth ap Ronin ("Quarterly argent and sable, a griffin segreant to sinister gules.") and Daedra McBeth a Gryphon ("Sable, a griffin segreant to sinister gules, fimbriated and maintaining an Irish harp Or.").

Kerensa of the Winds. Name only.

The explanation offered by the submittor for the given name on the basis of Provencal orthography is not compelling, particularly since "kerensa" is the Cornish common noun meaning "affection" or "love". This being so, our rules demand some evidence for its use as a given name in period.

Richard the Poor. Name only.

The name is a direct conflict with Poor Richard, the "alternate persona" of Benjamin Franklin.

Robert of Vaux. Name only.

Conflict with Robert de Vaux, as his name is given in Reaney. Robert was one of the richly rewarded companions of William the Conqueror and Domesday Book shows him with apparently extensive lands in Essex and Norfolk. Note: though a miniature emblazon was included in the letter of intent, it apparently was not the intent of the East to submit a device for this individual.

Roen Dentelliere de la Voile Rouge. Change of name from Charolette Keri O'Donelle of the Misty Hills.

The given name was stated to be "the Irish name Rowan as it would be spelled by a French monk or priest after only hearing it once." Unfortunately, not only is this somewhat debatable, but this is also a documented period English spelling for the name of the French city of Rouen (Reaney, p. 296). Therefore, it cannot be accepted as a constructed variant. Note that she has forbidden any changes to the name with the notations "spellings are deliberate" so that the name as a whole had to be returned.

Trevor Montagu Colfox. Name only.

The name Trevor is a Welsh place name (generally spelled "Trefor" in Welsh) which does not seem to have been used as a given name until the middle of the nineteenth century.

KINGDOM OF THE MIDDLE

D'vora ben Yitzhak ha Levi. Name and device. Gules, a pall arrondi dovetailed within a bordure argent.

By the submittor's own documentation, Yitzhak ha Levy is the Hebrew equivalent of the name Isaac Halevy. As it happens, Isaac Halevy was a important figure in modern Jewish history. His scholarly very very writings in the nineteenth and early twentieth century led directly to "Agudat Israel" (a worldwide Orthodox Jewish organization). As she would not allow even minor changes to her name, we felt a holding name could not be formed and the submission as a whole had to be returned.

Sigourny Campbell of Argyll. Name and device. Gyronny Or and sable, on a bend sinister argent, a mailed fist fesswise proper maintaining a garden rose sable, slipped vert, between two roses sable, barbed vert, seeded argent, enflamed proper.

The lady's extremely lengthy appeal covered several points and was copiously documented with extracts from several geneological and heraldic works. A great deal of time and energy went into its preparation (merely typing out copious extracts of blazon from Burke must have consumed hours!), and it is a pity that so much of her documentation supported the original return by Master Wilhelm. Documentation was presented to support the existence of "Sigourny" as a surname and appeal was made to the familiar Camden citation as evidence that surnames were used in period. However, precedent reasserted by Master Baldwin in the case of Dunham Wycliffe (December, 1984) has reaffirmed that names used solely as surnames in period may not be used as given names: Camden notes an anomaly peculiar to late sixteenth century England and we must draw our general rules from the common usage, not the anomaly. She needs to have a given name. The submittor stated that the Campbells were actually lords of Lochow or of some other seat and not of Argyll. Unfortunately, her own documentation indicates that Sir Duncan Campbell of Lochow, created Lord Campbell in 1445 and chief of the clan, assumed the designation of Argyll. The use of the name Campbell of Argyll in modern mundane usage is tantamount to a claim of kinship with the chief and it will so be taken by the bulk of members of the Society, causing offense to some. (Note that the lady is correct in commenting on the College's acceptance of the name of her lord, Gregory Bruce of Annandale, despite the association of Bruce with Annandale; Crescent is also correct when he comments: "just because we made a mistake with him does not obligate us to repeat the mistake with her".)

The lady provides copious extracts from Burke to support the contention that members of the clan may used differenced versions of the chief's arms. Unfortunately, the examples support the original contention of the College that the use of the clearly cadenced arms (in this case the charged bend is secondary cadency, indicating a cadet of a cadet branch) implies a claim to kinship with the head of the clan, which is not permitted. The general feeling of the College was that an allusion to the Campbell arms or badges might be permissible with the simple name Campbell, but that the arms differenced went beyond the differences required for what Scots heraldry charmingly calls a "stranger in blood".

Finally, the device also conflicts technically with that of Urien Aflonwddwynt ap Taliesin Darianlas ("Purpure, on a bend sinister argent, three roses purpure, barbed and seeded, proper."). There is a major point for the difference in field, but the change in tincture of the roses and the change in type of one of the tertiaries does not not provide an extra full point of difference.

KINGDOM OF THE WEST

Caesius Cottidiensis. Change of name from Arnulf of Asgeirgaard.

Caesius, which is a cognimen or nickname, would have been preceded by a praenomen or given name and a gentile or clan name in the classical period. However, such two element names as this were relatively common in the late medieval and Renaissance period amongst those who would emulate the classical learning, whilst lacking it. Specifically, Caesius came to be regarded as equivalent to a given name (like Vergil and Ovid, etc.) due in part to the Caesius Bassus to whom Persius dedicated one of his works. On the other hand the byname "Cottidiensis", just is not a classical or medieval adjective of origin. It is true that the suffix "-ensis" is associated with geographical origin, but it is attached to a common noun or place name. It is not attached to an adverb, as it is here ("Cottidie" means "daily"). The concept of Daily City would have no meaning in Latin (or indeed, insofar as I can tell, in any of the period Western European languages). If he wants to cant on Daly City, he might do better to play on the meaning of the Irish name "Daly" which derives from a place of assembly.

Gareth de Mountayne. Device. Gules, three pallets argent, overall a pheon Or.

If you consider the pallets to be primary charges, this conflicts with De Dale ("Gules, three pallets argent.", as cited in Papworth, p. 1014). If you consider the gules and argent to be visually tantamount to paly, which it is, this would conflict as well with Nutt ("Azure, a pheon Or.", ibid., p. 1019).

THE FOLLOWING SUBMISSIONS ARE PENDING:

KINGDOM OF AN TIR

Myrtle Holt, Shire of. Badge. Azure, a myrtle tree eradicated argent within a bordure compony sable and argent.

The tincture of the tree was omitted from the letter of intent. This will be considered at the November meeting to allow ample time for comment on the proper blazon.

KINGDOM OF THE EAST

Alasdair Stuart Campbell. Badge. A boar's head erased close between three claymores in triangle Or.

We have been requested by the Brigantia office to pend this submission in view of evidence that the submittor may have intended to have the boar's head argent, which would remove the troubling use of the Campbell badge of a boar's head Or (sometimes couped, as Crescent cited it, sometimes not) in conjunction with the name Campbell. Therefore, this is pended indefinitely. It will be reconsidered after Brigantia has informed the College of the proper blazon for the badge (which appears entirely Or on the emblazon sheet) and an appropriate period of time for conflict has elapsed.

Thorstein fra Agnefit. Badge designation for East Kingdom Brewers Guild.

Note that this is either an official guild, in which case the badge should be registered to the East Kingdom, or is unofficial, in which case the name of the Kingdom should not be used. No documentation was provided to indicate which was the case. Therefore, the designation is pended until such time as evidence of its official status is presented, at which time it may be registered to the Kingdom, or it is stated that it is a personal badge.

KINGDOM OF THE MIDDLE

Caellyn y'Vearn Fitzhugh. Augmentation. A linked chain bordurewise Or.

To summarize a very complex set of circumstances: as a consequence of an occurrence at the Twentieth Year Celebration, when Duchess Caellyn was offered and refused the accolade, and in recognition of her many years of special service to the Middle Kingdom, King Alen at his last court granted an augmentation of this specified form.

This submission has been the subject of strenuous debate amongst the members of the College for many months and raises serious "constitutional issues". Noone has disputed the Crown's right to honour its subjects nor has anyone questioned that Duchess Caellyn's courtesy and chivalry are worthy of such honour. However, the virtually unanimous opinion of the College of Arms is that the linked chain infringes upon the reserved regalia of the Knight of the Society. Moreover, in several Kingdoms, from the West to the East Coast, Principal Heralds have "polled" the membership of the Chivalry on this issue and found that there was a heavy preponderance of opinion that, whatever the virtues of the individual involved, the chain was the perquisite of the knight and should be reserved solely to someone who had passed through all the solemn rituals decreed for the making of a knight.

The situation here is clear: the voice of the College of Arms and the voice of the King are in direct conflict. In such a situation which should take precedence.

This is not an isolated situation, although it is a striking one. At the August Board meeting the Laurel Office raised the issue of relative precedence of Laurel opinion and royal action when the two are in conflict with regard to the granting of titles, awards and other matters involving the heraldic sphere. The Board remanded the issue back to the Laurel Office for the creation of a dossier on the issues involved, which will be presented at the November Board meeting.

This submission is pended until such time as the Board of Directors makes a formal ruling on the constitutional issues involved.

Middle Kingdom. Augmentation for Award of the Purple Fretty. A canton Or, fretty purpure.

Several members of the Laurel staff, including a number who were present when the Crown of the Middle awarded the Purple Fretty to the "heralds when assembled on the field at Pennsic" and who helped seek the heralds Purple Fretty windsock when it was "abstracted" at the War this summer, noted that the Purple Fretty has in the past been awarded and used as a badge, not an augmentation. Enquiry indicated that the modification to augmentation may have been done to avoid conflict. Since augmentations must be considered as if they were independent armorial items, i.e., in this case as a field "Or, fretty purpure", any conflict that would exist for a badge would exist for the augmentation (though none was adduced by the commentors). If no conflict exists, then there is no reason that this cannot be submitted as a badge, as it has been used in the past, and then used by the Crown as an augmentation, if it so desires. (In fact, the Crown of the Middle has so used the Kingdom badge in the past.). The submission is held, pending further information from Dragon.