APPROVALS

27 SEPTEMBER XXII (1987)

THE FOLLOWING SUBMISSIONS ARE APPROVED:

KINGDOM OF ANSTEORRA

Adele of Moondragon. Device. Erminois, on a pale endorsed azure, a crescent argent.

This submission, pended from the March meeting, was omitted from the August letter.

Roderich von Wolfach. Device. Argent, mulletty sable, two gores azure, the dexter one charged with a tyger rampant, the sinister one with a tyger rampant to sinister, both Or, and in chief a mullet of twelve points sable.

In the haste to get out the July letter before Pennsic, this submission, pended from the February meeting, was omitted.

KINGDOM OF ATENVELDT

Baragan Baildagci Babagai. Device. Quarterly Or and argent, a winged bear rampant to sinister, wings elevated and addorsed, sable, grasping in its dexter forepaw a mace gules.

This was pended from the June meeting because of a disparity between the blazon and the emblazon on the letter of intent.

Blanche Cécile d'Étoile Noire. Name only.

The name was appeared on the letter of intent as Blanche Cecile d'Etoile Noir. The forms, however, had the final "e" on the adjective, as befits a feminine noun.

Catherine of Gordonhall. Device. Purpure, a stick shuttle and a needle in saltire argent, both threaded with the same thread, in base a rose Or, barbed and seeded vert, all within a bordure invected Or.

Note that this is not the usual heraldic weaver's shuttle, which is usually depicted as a boat shuttle.

Madraut MacChlurain. Device. Gules, a winged stag rampant, wings elevated and addorsed, pean, armed Or, on a chief rayonny Or, a thistle, slipped and leaved, between two roses proper.

Michael Romark. Name and device. Or, on a pale gules between two cresset torches sable, enflamed gules, a lion rampant Or.

Ruben Klaus Winterhalter. Device. Pean, in pale a hickory leaf and a unicorn's head, erased and sinister facing, argent within a double tressure gules.

At the time this was pended from the June meeting, we requested an emblazon sheet which matched the proposed (legal) blazon which Aten indicated he desired, rather than the previously submitted (and illegal) emblazon sheet. This has now been provided.

KINGDOM OF CAID

Aislinn Avia of the Sparrow Hawk. Change of name from holding name of Ann of the Sparrow Hawk and change of device. Per bend sinister argent and sable, a rose and a sparrow hawk migrant bendwise counterchanged.

Amée Renée Cateline Marchand. Name and device. Per pale azure and argent, a peregrine falcon displayed proper within a bordure counterchanged (Falco peregrinus).

Arnold Weissdrache. Device. Per bend sinister azure and gules, an eagle rising to sinister, wings elevated and addorsed, Or and a dragon passant coward argent.

Bartholomew Gwaltrudd O'Cullaighnhe. Change of name from Gualruad O'Culaigne and change of device. Argent, trefly vert, a sword gules, hilted sable, a chief triply arched gules.

Caitlin Christiana Rosa del León. Device. Argent, semy of roses gules, barbed and seeded proper, two scarpes purpure.

Lisette de Sonsierré. Transfer of badge from Mairi-Kathleen nic Lauren. Azure, a butterfly-winged unicorn rampant to sinister and in sinister chief a mullet of four points argent.

Michael Gulliver Blackrune. Name and device. Per pale purpure and sable, on a pale argent between in chief a cat's paw print argent and a cat's pawprint Or, in chief a cat's pawprint purpure.

Scathach Faol. Device. Sable, a tree eradicated argent, charged on the foliage with a wolf's head ululant couped sable, within a bordure rayonny.

Please request the submittor to draw the primary charge properly in the middle of the field, without being overlapped by the bordure.

KINGDOM OF CALONTIR

Aideen the Audacious. Name only.

Alaric Elwin Acwulf of Wolverhampton. Name and device. Azure, semy of acorns inverted, a wolf salient to sinister Or.

Alexandria de Bois d'Arc. Name and device. Purpure, an ark and a chief invected argent.

Andrew Ward. Device. Per chevron rayonny vert and argent, two stags combattant and a standing balance counterchanged.

Antonio Bouchard. Name only.

Björn Guthfrithsson. Name only.

Brianda Esperanza de La Coruña. Name only.

Brianda is documented from the famous Historia de España of Ramon Menendez Pidal who mentions a fifteenth-century Benedictine abbess, Brianda de Luña.

Chana Merriam bat Eliahu Yehudah. Name only.

The name was submitted as Chaya Merriam bat Eliahu Y'hudah. The documentation provided was a statement from Kolatch that this was a form of Hannah. However, none of the forms of Hannah that we could find dropped the "n" sound and the form submitted appears to be the Yiddish form (sometimes spelled "khayah") for a wild beast, the equivalent of the Hebrew noun "hayah". Therefore, we have substituted the closest documented Yiddish spelling for Hannah: Chana. As the use of the apostrophe in "Y'hudah" was not documented and is contrary to the commonest usages for transliteration of Yiddish and Hebrew names, the usual form "Yehudah" has also been substituted.

Colin of Grimfells. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Argent, a tilting helm affronty with horned crest, torse and mantling, gules between in cross four triple-towered castles sable.

The submission was made under the name Colin MacLachlan.

Donal Artair MacRorie. Name and device. Erminois, a sword Or, hilted and enflamed, and a chief enarched sable.

Dun Ard, Shire of. Name and device. Or, a triple-towered castle within a laurel wreath purpure.

Estrildis ferch Rhys. Change of device. Or, three fountains in pale between a pair of flaunches vair.

Francisco Duron. Name and device. Per chevron inverted Or and azure, in chief a swallowtailed butterfly sable and in base three roses Or, barbed and seeded argent.

Geffrei Almeric Peregrinne. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

KINGDOM OF THE EAST

Cigfran o Gaer Walch. Device. Per bend sinister vert and argent, a hand appaumy bendwise argent and a raven rising to sinister sable.

This device was pended from the February meeting because of a blazon error on the letter of intent. In the pre-Pennsic hurly burly, it was omitted from the July letter.

KINGDOM OF THE OUTLANDS

Adelicia von Hohenschwangau. Change of name from Adelicia sans Coeur of Gloucester and badge. A heart Or, voided and conjoined at the base to the palm of a dexter plate gauntlet fesswise argent.

There was a certain amount of discussion on the placename. As noted by Badger (whose source was the material issued by the authorities at the site itself), Hohenschwangau was the property of a knightly family until after the Napoleonic Wars and is an edifice distinct from the nearby Neuschwanstein, so closely associated with "Mad" King Ludwig of Bavaria.

Aldric MacGlynn. Name and device. Pean, a shakefork gules surmounted by a mullet of five greater and five lesser points argent, all within a bordure tierced per pall gules, Or and argent.

Note that the last name MacGlynn is derived from the Irish Gaelic Mac Fhloinn (MacLysaght, Surnames of Ireland, p. 129) and is not toponymic. The device is marginal stylistically, but is legal under the current rules.

Anne Magnus Scriba. Name and device. Per bend azure and Or, a boar's head couped close and a garb counterchanged.

The name was submitted as Anne Magnusscriba. The adjective is properly formed (the noun scriba is masculine like such other first declension occupational nouns as agricola and poeta, familiar to generations of first year Latin students as the exceptions to prove the rule that first declension nouns are feminine). Magnus is also one of the adjectives that as commonly precede the noun in mediaeval Latin as they follow. However, as the coalescence of adjective and noun in mediaeval Latin in the manner used here for the byname was not common as it was in the Romance languages, we have separated the two words.

Archibald Bowyer. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

The name was submitted as Archabald Bowyer. As this seems to be a modern misspelling, the name was returned to the usual English orthography.

Cathyn Bluesword. Device. Lozengy couped in fess gules and argent, on a pale Or a sword inverted azure.

Elizabeth Thornfield Freemountain. Badge. Or, a mountain of two peaks couped and a chief indented sable.

This submission, pended from the March meeting, was omitted from the August letter.

Genevieve Duran. Name and device. Gyronny vert and argent, a sealion statant purpure.

The submission was made under the name Genevieve Ailesh Duran. Since Ailesh does not appear to be a valid variant of any documented name form, we have dropped that portion of the name to register the name that the submittor appears to consider her use name (in her role as consulting herald, she signed the paperwork as "Genevieve Duran").

Genèvre la Tisserande. Name and device. Per bend sinister argent and Or, in bend a juniper tree proper and a spider tergiant bendwise sinister sable.

Although "genèvre" is a French term for the juniper berry (hence the canting device) as well as gin, it also appears as a French variant for Guenevere.

Geyla of the Dragons. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Although the manufactured name gave severe twinges to a number of Anne McCaffrey fans on the Laurel staff, the nearest Pernese name that could be found was "Kayla", the name of a kitchen drudge who does not seem to have had a direct relation with any dragon.

Ian of Edingight. Name and device. Per chevron azure and Or, two chevronels Or and a sailless galley proper.

Ian of Nightsgate. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Idunn Felinnoir. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

The name was submitted as Idune Felinnoir, with the "e" apparently having been added at a later date. Since the spelling in Geirr Bassi is Idunn, with the second "n" there to guarantee the correct pronunciation, which the submittor indicated she wished retained, we have corrected the spelling.

Ilana Amante. Device. Per fess azure and vert, a cartwheel fracted to sinister chief within an orle argent.

Katerina Katya Leonovna Cherkasska. Device. Per pale azure and Or, two pegasi combattant and a chevron rompu counterchanged ermine and counter-ermine.

This submission, pended from the March meeting, was omitted from the August letter.

Konrad von Greifswald. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Mikel the Silent. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Nicole de Saint Clair. Name only.

The name was submitted as Nicole de St. Claire. We register the full name, not the scribal abbreviations. Also, the French form of the place name, which the submittor clearly desired is "Saint Clair", not Saint Claire.

Otagiri Tatsuzo. Device. Argent, three ken and three dragon's scales conjoined in annulo, pointing outwards, within a bordure embattled, all sable.

This submission, pended from the March meeting, was omitted from the August letter.

Outlands, Kingdom of the. Name for the Award of the Cordon Royal.

Outlands, Kingdom of the. Name for the Order of the Stag's Blood.

Outlands, Kingdom of the. Title for Plover Pursuivant.

Outlands, Kingdom of the. Title for Wimble Pursuivant. "Wimble" is a period English term for a gimlet.

Rioghan of Segontium. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Gules, in pale a brachet rampant reguardant and an anvil between two pallets argent.

The submission was made under the name Rhiganna of Segontium. The holding name was formed using one of the component members of her proposed "manufactured" name.

Roxanne d'Anjou. Name only.

St. Golias, College of. Device. Gules, a goblet within a laurel wreath, in chief a bunch of grapes, slipped and leaved, all within a bordure Or.

Note that the name of the group was registered in 1981 in the abbreviated form and so this form is "grandfathered".

St. Golias, College of. Badge for the Goliard Guard. Azure, a sword bendwise sinister argent between two goblets Or.

Sigmund Shadowhawk. Name only.

William de Vallier. Change of name from Holding name of William of al-Barran.

Wolf of Wexford. Name only.

KINGDOM OF THE WEST

Angelique du Roche. Device. Or, on a cross nowy quadrate azure, a lioness head cabossed Or.

She has permission to conflict with Kevin Ioseph of Tregonning ("Or, on a cross cotised azure, a Catherine wheel Or.").

Ann Lesslyn of Silvermist. Name and device. Gyronny of six from dexter chief gules and argent, a thistle azure.

Anne o'Locksley. Name and device. Azure, on a bend sinister wavy Or, three fleurs-de-lys palewise gules.

Several commentors noted that the prepositional usage of "o'" was too informal or was an illegitimate contracted form.In fact, the Oxford English Dictionary has several period examples of the prepositional usage both with and without the apostrophe (not only from Shakespeare but also from considerably earlier sources). In modern times, the usage is idiomatic, but in period it seems to have been a standard form.

Berengaria de Montfort of Carcassonne. Change of device. Azure, three snowflakes in bend within a double tressure Or.

She has permission from Hrorek Halfdane of Faulconwood to conflict with his badge ("Azure, a fret within a double tressure Or.").

Briana Ailie of Shadowskeep. Device. Per chevron sable and ermine, in chief two cats sejant erect to sinister argent.

Burdun the Quester. Name and device. Or, a two-tailed scorpion tergiant fesswise within an annulet gules.

The name was submitted as Burden the Quester. Since the documentation provided by Vesper supports the slightly different sounding form Burdun and "burden" is a common noun, the given name has been modified accordingly.

Carol the Just. Name and device. Per pale sable and argent, two unicorn's heads erased addorsed counterchanged.

Carol is her mundane name. She has permission to conflict with Larian Blackthryth ("Per pale sable and argent, two ram's heads cabossed counterchanged.").

Connor Graham of Drakeswood. Change of name from Timon Graham of Drakeswood and device. Or, a gore sinister pean and in sinister chief a bear's head, couped and sinister facing, gules.

Dafydd o Gaerdydd. Name and device. Azure, a chevron between three mullets of four points and on a chief embattled argent three stag's attires sable.

David of Aragon. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Azure, in pale three natural tigers passant to sinister argent, marked sable, on a chief argent three crosses moline azure.

The submission was made under the name Dain of Aragon. The holding name has been formed using his mundane given name.

Demian O'Boirne. Badge. Azure, in pale a plate and a mullet argent.

Edwyn Valon. Name only.

Eleanor Lyttellhayles. Name and device. Vert, an owl and a chief indented argent.

There is no need to modify the current rules to consider this clear of Rhiannon of Eaglesflight ("Vert. am eagle rising, on a chief indented argent, three bunches of grapes purpure."): there is a major point of difference in position between "close guardant" (the default for owls which is used here) and "rising", there is additional difference for the type of bird (the difference between an eagle and an owl has tended to be considered a major, but at the very least there is a strong minor) and there is a strong minor point for the deletion of a group of tertiaries.

Note that the logical distinction between granting full difference for three changes to a group of minors (i.e., a situation where there is functionally complete visual difference of tertiaries) is based on the perception of difference reflected in period cadency. A complete change of type of tertiary or of tincture of tertiary, etc. would be sufficient to create secondary cadency in many heraldic jurisdictions (though admittedly not all). Changing both could be used to define tertiary cadency (i.e., the second son might use a chief charged with three fleurs-de-lys gules while his son used three fleurs-de-lys azure). On the other hand, addition or subtraction of a set of charges can only produce one change.

Should the new rules adopt the Laurel proposal to consider as sufficient difference two clear visual differences, each of which would be sufficient to create primary or secondary difference, the question would become moot. It is our inclination to try and avoid creating "special case" precedents in the interim, wherever this is feasible. However, the general comments of the College on the "test case" proposal submitted by Vesper have been added to the "difference" folder in the Rules file.

Elizabeth of Vakkerfjell. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Gules, on a fess invected Or, a rose gules.

The submission was made under the name Elizabeth von Zehrung.

Francesca the Fiery. Device. Per pale azure and sable, a unicorn's head erased and sinister facing Or.

Gareth of Crawford. Name and device. Per chevron enhanced vert and argent, in base a branch of holly palewise vert.

The blazon has been modified to match the emblazon. If it is the submittor's desire to have the normal "per chevron" line of division, the line will have to fall lower with the holly considerably smaller.

Geneviève Élise le Chantelois. Name and device. Or, on a bend sinister vert between a cooking pot sable and a goutte de sang, a needle, point to base, argent.

The name was submitted as Genevieve Élise de Chantelois. As the byname appears to be a descriptive for someone who comes from the town of Chantelle, the preposition "de" is inappropriate. Therefore, we have substituted the article "le". (The use of the masculine article with adjectives of origin seems to have passed to heritable surnames at a fairly early stage and the masculine article here diminishes the orthographic and auditory differences from the submitted form.).

Hanns Helwig von Langstrom. Name and device. Argent, a double-bitted axe sable, on a chief embattled azure, three edelweiss blossoms Or.

Both Hanns and Helwig can be documented from Roland Mulch's Arnsburger Personennamen: Untersuchungen zum Namenmaterial aus Arnsburger Urkunden vom 13.­16. Jahrhundert. Hanns, with the double "n" appears on p. 65 as a diminutive of Johannes which had developed a separate identity in documents by the late fifteenth century. Helwig is also cited as occurring in its German or Latin form (Helwicus) at least eight times in this relatively small corpus of documents between 1250 and 1350.

Isabeau du Phénix d'Or. Change of name from holding name of Isabeau of Teufelberg.

Lochac, Principality of. Badge for Lochac Needleworkers Guild. Gules, two pairs of closed scissors in saltire Or.

Lochac, Principality of. Transfer of name and badge for Order of the Roman Lilies from Kingdom of the West. Three lily blossoms conjoined in triquetra Or.

Lochac, Principality of. Name for Order of the Silver Roundel.

Lochac, Principality of. Transfer of name and badge for Order of the Silver Tear from Kingdom of the West. A goutte de larme charged with a goutte d'eau.

Malcolm MacLaine of Dunvegan. Change of name from Thrainn Hrafnsson.

Marielle de Rivage du Corbeau. Change of name from Mariel Dreamseeker.

The name was submitted as Marielle du Rivage-Corbeau. While documentation for modern examples of hyphenated place names in French was provided, none of these were parallel in structure to this form. Additionally, it was indicated that the submittor desired the phrase to mean "Ravenshore", which the submitted form did not. The byname has been modified accordingly to give the proper grammatical construction for the meaning she desires.

Myfanwy of Aberystwyth. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Natalia MacDhonnchaidh. Name and device. Per pale sable and vert, two winged stags couchant respectant, wings elevated and addorsed, argent and in base a caltrap Or.

The aspirated form of the patronymic with "mac" is documented in MacLysaght's Surnames of Ireland, p. 53.

Nicholas the Unshod. Change of device. Gules, a battering ram argent, armed and trimmed Or.

Reynardine de Clifford. Change of name from holding name of Reynardine of Lochac.

Roland MacGrath. Name only.

St. Cassian of Imola, College of. Name only.

Seamus Padraig O Baoigheallain. Name and device. Argent, a sea-wolf erect to sinister sable and on a chief invected azure, three Bourchier knots palewise Or.

Sean the Tenacious. Device. Azure, a point pointed and in chief an axe between in fess two arrows argent.

Tiburtius of Scarpa. Name only.

The name was submitted as Tiburtius di Scarpa. In Italian "scarpa" is not by itself a place name, but it a common noun meaning "shoe", which would require an article and still be a trifle eccentric. However, since his primary intent seems to be to retain his mundane name of "Scarpa" and Scarpa is an island in the Hebrides, we have used the lingua franca preposition "of" to resolve the problem.

Viviane Morgaine de Burgh. Name only.

The connotations of Viviane and Morgaine (or Morgan) in the Arthurian matter rendered part of the Laurel staff very twitchy indeed about finding them in conjunction, but the byname seems to diminish the allusiveness.

Walter Kempe of Falconhold. Badge. Gules, a cross sable, fimbriated Or, overall a pair of wings conjoined and elevated argent.

West, Kingdom of. Badge. Sable, a key palewise, wards to base, within a heart voided argent.

William the Lucky. Reblazon of device. Erminois, a chief embattled azure, in the dexter a roundel Or.

Since a bezant and a roundel Or are equivalent terms, there seems no reason to deny the submittor his preferred blazon, since he feels strongly on the issue. (This does not change the prejudice of Laurel towards the term bezant as being more concise and more elegant in most circumstances.).

Wulfsige Clovenhaft. Device. Argent, an axe bendwise sinister, blade to chief, sable, surmounted by a bend azure, all within a bordure sable.

Yolanda the Wanderer. Name only.

THE FOLLOWING SUBMISSIONS ARE RETURNED:

KINGDOM OF ANSTEORRA

Catrina Cassanelli di Mantova. Device. Argent, in pale a catamount dormant sable and a decrescent Or, fimbriated sable, all within an orle of ivy slipped vert, leaved gules.

At the February meeting this was pended until the July meeting both because of an erroneous blazon and because of a desire to solicit comment on whether fimbriation should be limited to ordinaries and subordinaries. Although the opinion of the College was somewhat split, it did not seem that the fimbriation of the crescent was enough per se to cause the submission to be returned. However, it was felt that the fimbriation in an already relatively complex design (with the orle of foliage in two tinctures) added an unacceptable complexity to the design. In the confusion before Pennsic, this item was omitted from the July letter.

Alaric Liutpold von Markheim. Name only.

This submission was postponed on the June letter to allow further discussion by the College of the principles involved. Ultimately, the appropriate decision seemed to be to protect registered Society household names. (For a fuller discussion of the issues and a formal statement of precedent, see the section of the cover letter entitled "On the Protection of Household Names".) As House Markheim has been formally registered by the College (in August, 1979, as listed under the name of Waldt von Markheim in the Armorial), it is entitled to protection.

KINGDOM OF ATENVELDT

Brandaidh Edana of the Vineyards. Name and device. Per bend wavy argent and azure, a dragonfly bendwise azure and a dragonfly bendwise inverted Or, all within a bordure wavy counterchanged.

The exception for mundane names in the Rules for Submission applies to the actual mundane name, not to a supposed variant or to a translation. In this case, her mundane name, according to the forms, is Brandye and we would have used that to form a holding name if the submittor had not specifically forbidden any changes to the spelling of her name. Since no holding name could be formed, the submission as a whole had to be returned.

Christiana Sinclaire. Device. Gules, on a pale between in bend two swans statant, wings elevated and addorsed, argent, a swan statant, wings elevated and addorsed, gules, in sinister chief a cross fitchy at all points argent.

This was pended at the May meeting because on both the letter of intent and the blazon on the forms the swan on the pale was blazoned as sable, while on the emblazon sheet it was shown as gules. Failing advice to the contrary, we must assume that the emblazon holds priority which brings it into visual conflict with Marion du Rouge ("Gules, a pale argent, three doves migrant counterchanged.").

Donal MacMurtrie. Badge for Clan MacMurtrie. Three mullets in fess gules.

This was pended at the June meeting for further conflict checking after the removal of the belt with which the badge was originally encircled. Unfortunately, it now conflicts with the mundane arms of Burchell ("Argent, three mullets in chief gules.", as cited in Papworth, p. 993).

Magdalen Anne Catherine Ravenstein. Device. Argent, a bend gules, overall a raven volant bendwise sinister sable, all within a bordure compony sable and argent.

It was the consensus of the members of the College who commented on the issue raised at the time this was pended from the June meeting that a bordure compony where one tincture is identical to the field should not be permitted. The general feeling was that the "islands" of tincture in this case were too large to permit the distinction between the plain bordure compony and a bordure embattled being readily apparent.

Yehudah ben Levi of Nuremburg. Name and device. Argent, on a bend between two Bourchier knots fesswise azure, three Bourchier knots argent, all within a bordure azure.

Some felt that the name infringed on the famous medieval poet and philosopher whose name is usually rendered as Judah Halevy in English texts. There definitely is a problem with the geographical name, since the city in Germany is Nuremberg. The forms "burg" and "berg" are not interchangeable in German since they have distinctly different meanings. Since the submittor specifically prohibited any spelling modifications to the name, the submission as a whole must be returned.

KINGDOM OF CAID

None.

KINGDOM OF CALONTIR

Chrystofer Kensor. Device. Azure, a wolf rampant to sinister holding a halberd argent, hafted Or, within a bordure argent.

Conflict with Thomas Wakefield ("Azure, a winged wolf rampant to sinister, wings addorsed argent, the head environed of a nimbus Or, within a bordure argent.").

Colin MacLachlan. Name only.

Unfortunately, this is a direct conflict with the Reverend Colin MacLachlan who was notorious for the leading role he played during the slaughter of the Lamonts in 1646 (Moncreiffe, The Highland Clans, p. 160).

Conn MacNeill. Device. Gules, on a pile raguly between two cups Or a sword inverted sable.

Conflict with Ardis Bluemantle, cited on the Letter of Intent ("Gules, on a pile embattled Or, a salamander tergiant erect Or, enflamed gules."). In this context the differentiation between raguly and embattled tends to diminish to the non-existent and the visual echo is clear.

Geffrei Almeric Peregrinne. Device. Azure, on a pile raguly Or a falcon close reguardant gules.

Conflict with Jaromir Mihailovich, cited on the Letter of Intent ("Azure, on a pile Or in chief a sun gules.").

KINGDOM OF THE MIDDLE

Ladislaus Vulcu. Device. Per chevron argent, seme of bats displayed sable, and gules, in base a mullet of four points pierced argent.

This was pended from the February meeting because there was some feeling in the College that the byname might involve a reference to one of the Transylvanian characters associated with vampirism. As no documentation for the byname existed in the files, documentation was requested from the submittor or the heralds of the Middle. As no documentation has been received, despite an extra allotment of time, we feel this submission has to be returned.

Temur of Greyhaven. Name and household name for the Fighters of Rozak.

This was pended from the April meeting for further consideration for several reasons. At that time there was some evidence to support the idea that "Temur" was in fact not a personal name, but rather a title. There was some question about the legitimacy of the use of "Greyhaven" for Society use in view of its association with a well-known Society household, although it had never been registered. There was also a need for some solid documentation for the household name "Rozak".

Thanks to Obelisk, we have received documentation for the use of "Timur" or "Temur" as a given name in period. However, any documentation for Rozak is still lacking and so the household name clearly had to be returned. The most difficult part of the submission was the byname "Greyhaven". As an unregistered Society household name its claim to protection is slim, despite its fame (see the discussion on Alaric Liutpold von Markheim above). However, the name "Greyhaven" has passed from the "limited" world of the Society into the broader world of fantasy fiction and it was our feeling that, had it only existed in that broader world, it would have been entitled to protection. The twitches were just too great, the Tolkienic overtones of the Grey Havens only enhancing this feeling for some.

KINGDOM OF THE OUTLANDS

Archibald Bowyer. Device. Chevronelly argent and azure, three pheons gules.

Conflict with Archer ("Argent, three pheons gules.", as cited in Papworth, p. 1020).

Citadel of the Southern Pass. Name and badge for Order of the Flor Australis. Azure, a sunflower, slipped and leaved, Or between two piles, issuant from base, argent.

The paperwork for the submission gave the name of the Order in several places as "Flor Australis", although "flor" does not exist in Latin. As the adjective is Latin, we have to assume that they intend to use the Latin form of the noun, which would be "flos". Brachet is correct in citing as conflict the device of Christine the Accursed ("Azure, a chrysanthemum slipped and leaved Or."): the visual similarity of the two flowers is just too great. The device of Lisa of Toad Hall ("Azure, a sunflower proper.") is not a conflict for Lisa's flower is not slipped and leaved.

Demelza Felinnoir. Name and device. Or, a lion passant between in pale two cinquefoils pierced sable, all within an orle wavy azure.

Several sources indicate that "Demelza" exists only as a place name in period. Indeed, the evidence of several sources on English and Cornish given names is that the name is first used as a personal name in the last thirty years or so as an attempt to add to the limited stock of Cornish feminine names. As she indicated that no changes could be made to her name, we felt compelled to return the submission as a whole. Note that several commentors stated that this was in conflict with Ghyslaine Felinnoir ("Or, a lion passant, in base an estoile, within a bordure rayonny sable."), citing the "secondary limit". In fact, there is no technical conflict, despite the clear echo of Ghyslaine's device (presumably intentional, given the common surname). DR9 clearly states "Changes to a single group of secondary charges are worth at most a Major and a minor point of difference" [italics mine]. Under the definitions for a "group of charges" the bordure and estoile on Ghyslaine's device and the orle and cinquefoils here are separate groups of charges and so the limit does not apply.

Erasimierz Waspanieski Greyraven. Device. Or, crusilly conjoined sinister, voided in each arm of a delf, sable.

Note that this was submitted without the byname "Greyraven" with the note that the name was already registered. Technically, the name elements have been registered, but to drop the byname a name change submission (with fee) must be filed. The consensus of the commentary in the College was that this was not period style (except possibly for floor tiles. . .). The semy of conjoined elements is not really period and it is almost impossible to distinguish the identity of the rather unusual charge scattered on the field.

Erasimierz Waspanieski Greyraven. Badge for Greyraven. A mandrake's head affronty vert, jessant of a cross crosslet quadrate fitchy, pierced in its arms, gules.

There are several problems with this submission. The alternate persona designation requires a given name under NR9. This is an ancient requirement which predates the original registration of the submittor's name so that "hardship case" can hardly be pled here. Also, there is no fixed form for the mandrake in heraldry (the citations from Dennys' Heraldic Imagination provided by the submittor only reinforce this): what is depicted here is a variant of a wildman's head. It is also clearly in visual conflict with the device of John of Woodwose Hall ("Argent, a man's head couped affronty, crowned with leaves and antlers, all vert.").

Fionn Creagh. Badge. Vert, a pear vert, fimbriated argent.

Whether you blazon this as a pear fimbriated or a pear voided, this is "thin line heraldry" which renders the pear unrecognizable and is not acceptable.

Fionn Creagh. Badge. Vert, on a card weaving tablet lozengewise argent a unicorn's horn inverted purpure.

Heraldically speaking, the card weaving tablet is a lozenge so this is in conflict with Kyra Kai ferch Madoc ("Per pale vert and azure, on a lozenge argent a cresset torch enflamed per pale sable and vert."). There is a minor point of difference for the field, but the resemblance in shape between the torch and the horn prevents our giving a major point of difference for the changes in tincture and type to the tertiaries.

Geyla of the Dragons. Device. Argent, a dragon dormant purpure.

Unfortunately, Brachet is correct in commenting that this conflicts with Caryl de Trecesson ("Sable, a dragon dormant Or.") by identity of outline (AR20a).

Hieronymus the Sarabite. Name and device. Purpure, semy of ankhs argent, a Mushroom argent, capped gules, enflamed argent.

Most commentary on the name in the College centred on the more technical meaning of the term "Sarabite" for certain groups of early monks who gathered in desert areas without any ruling ecclesiastic or adherence to a fixed rule. Unfortunately, this obscured the common mediaeval usage of the term, distinctly pejorative in connotation, for monastics who did not adhere to the Benedictine rule. This usage, illustrated by the application of the term to the early Franciscans, applies remarkably well to Saint Jerome, who followed a monastic, but distinctly non-regular, life for much of his career. Although no genus and species was provided for the mushroom, we assumed it was meant to be an amanita: it has a white stem and a red cap with white spots. As such, the stem, which is a dominant part of the design, has insufficient contrast with the flames Or.

Ian of Nightsgate. Device. Sable, on a bend sinister argent, a pellet between, overall, four swords in cross, hilts to center, counterchanged.

Not only is this, as Batonvert put it, "intrusively modern", but it is also in visual conflict with Axel of Taavistia ("Sable, a bend sinister argent surmounted by a dove descending maintaining in its beak an arrow fesswise counterchanged.")

Idunn Felinnoir. Device. Or, an apple and a dexter gore vert.

While Geirr Bassi does show instances of the name Idunn being used by humans and therefore the name may be used in the Society, the most famous bearer of the name was the distinctly non-human keeper of the apples of youth that the Norse gods consumed to preserve their youth. Therefore, the name Idunn may not be used with apples any more than Rhiannon may be used with horses.

Konrad von Greifswald. Device. Pily bendy gules and Or, an escarbuncle sable.

Conflict with Apifer ("Or, an escarbuncle sable."), Bothor ("Argent, an escarbuncle sable."), Mandeville, Earl of Essex ("Quarterly Or and gules, overall an escarbuncle sable."), all cited in Papworth, p. 684. (Note that the depiction of the emblazon on the emblazon sheet is non-standard, being unpierced and with relatively defloreated terminations on the arms.).

Lauria Sybelyn von Kieferturm. Name and device. Gyronny argent and azure, a fir tree counterchanged within a bordure vert, seme of trefoils argent.

Lauria does not seem to be a documented variant of "Laura" as a given name, but would seem to be acceptable if there were no other anomalies in the name. However, "Sybelyn" is not manufactured, as stated in the documentation, but is rather a variant spelling of "Sybelline", implying oracular powers. Finally, although the submittor clearly wishes to have the placename mean "Pine Tree Tower", the current form, as Badger has noted, would tend to mean "Jawbone Tower" instead. Since the submittor has indicated that she will accept no modifications to the submission at all, we were compelled to return the submission as a whole.

Marée de Tyrel. Name and device. Argent, chapé gules, a fiddle bendwise sinister surmounted by a bow bendwise proper.

The submittor has provided geneological materials indicating that Alice de Tyrel, sister of Allard de Tyrel, was wife of Baldwin des Marets, a participant in the First Crusade. However, as Crescent has noted, "marée" is a common noun in French and, as such there must be evidence for its use as a given name since the "mundane name allowance", as it stands in the present rules, only allows a middle name to be used as a middle name. In this case, it would have been possible to pass the name and device with only the substitution of the documented French name "Marie" for the given name, but the submittor forbade even minor changes to her name so the submission as a whole must be returned.

Mikel the Silent. Device. Argent, an owl rising guardant, wings elevated and addorsed, maintaining an arrow bendwise sable.

However one counts the "points", this is strongly in visual conflict with Cigfran Myddrael Joserlin the Raven ("Argent, a raven rising reguardant, wings disclosed proper, in the dexter claw a sword gules.").

Nykolette Courcy de Navarre. Name and device. Sable, in bend sinister a rose Or, barbed and seeded gules, and a sea-dragon passant Or.

Neither a "y" for "i" nor a "k" for "c" substitution occurs in French. Therefore, although "Nicolette" is a well-documented French diminutive with an independent existence in period (consider the famous romance Aucassin and Nicolette), the form given here is not a valid variant. Since the lady has forbidden even the smallest changes to her name, we were unable to correct this problem and had to return the submission as a whole. Note that Batonvert is correct in commenting that the beastie on the device is in trian aspect and is rather unrecognizable in the guardant position.

Outlands, Kingdom of. Order of the Argent Hart. Name only.

In using the adjective form "argent" here in a heraldic usage, the adjective should follow the noun as in the original French. Unfortunately, if the name is changed to the Order of the Hart Argent, it would conflict by close assonance with the Caid 's Order of the Harp Argent. Use of the vernacular would prevent this problem.

Rhiganna of Segontium. Name only.

The coalescence of Latin "Regina" and Irish "Rioghan" (or any of there variant forms) is not only unlikely, but would not produce the form given.

Tammara Courtaney. Name and device. Azure, a crab tergiant between four quatrefoils Or.

There is no support from Reaney or any other source we could find for the random switching of the final vowels of "Courtenay". Also, the device is in conflict with that of Lydia Oenothera ("Azure, four quatrefoils in cross Or, each charged with a cross couped gules."): the addition of a primary charge only constitutes sufficient difference between Society and mundane armoury.

Tÿnne Ilke Sotkamolainen. Name and device. Per bend sinister azure and purpure, on a bend wavy Or, three fans sable.

While Sotkamolainen is a properly formed byname of origin in Finnish, no evidence has been provided that "Tÿnne" is a valid Finnish variant of "Toini" (or indeed that "Toini" is a period name in Finnish, not a modern diminutive form from the imported name Antoinette). The variant does not conform to the orthographic rules of Finnish as far as our researches could determine. Since the submittor forbade any changes whatsoever to her name, the entire submission had to be returned.

Vyrden von Drachenlager, der Alchimist. Name and device. Per saltire sable and gules, a dragon passant between in pale two mortars and pestles, all within a bordure argent.

As noted above, the mundane name allowance only applies to names used in the corresponding portions of the Society name. In this case, a middle name is being used as a given name, which does not earn the "exemption". Additionally, the name is a peculiar variant of his mundane middle name of "Virden". Finally, the byname should be "von dem Drachenlager". Note that, although the letter of intent had the extra byname "der Alchimist", the forms for the device had this portion of the name crossed out, although the badge paperwork did not, leaving us uncertain of the submittor's intent.

Vyrden von Drachenlager, der Alchimist. Badge. Per saltire sable and gules, a mortar and pestle argent, issuant flames of fire proper.

Conflict with Kathleen Erin-go-Burne-the-Bragh ("Vert, a chalice argent, containing flames Or.").

KINGDOM OF THE WEST

Caitlin O hArrachtain. Name only.

Direct conflict with Caitlin ni hArrachtain whose device was passed in May, 1983.

Dain of Aragon. Name only.

As Batonvert has commented, this name appears, both in Tolkien and in period Scandinavian sources (such as the Prose Edda), only as a non­human name, specifically as a name for Dwarves. This being so, it cannot be used in the Society without some documentation for this name in period. The Aragornish echo of the byname only reinforces the already existing difficulty presented by the given name.

Elizabeth von Zehrung. Name only.

It appears that her mundane name is Elizabeth Zehrung. Unfortunately, as Crescent has noted, the tendency to add the preposition "von" moderately randomly to already existing surnames is distinctly modern. Zehrung does not appear to be a place name (most nouns in "-ung" are abstractions from another noun or a verb), but rather to be a common noun referring to the act of consumption or, by extension, to the things consumed, i.e., provisions. As she prohibited any spelling changes to her name we could not add the necessary article. (Note that a holding name can be made since the Western forms specifically note that such a name will be made if necessary, giving the submittor the opportunity to forbid specifically the manufacture of a holding name.).

Myfanwy of Aberystwyth. Device. Per chevron argent and azure, statant upon the line of division a raven close sable, in base a wolf's head erased close affronty argent, all within an orle counterchanged.

The bird "perched" on the line of division is not period style so far as can be determined. If the bird and the head should be of equal weight, then the bird should be separated from the line of division and "fill" its portion of the field. If it is more important to the submittor to have the appearance of a bird statant upon a mount, then the "mount" in base and the head should be considerably smaller and the bird considerably larger.

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