24 JANUARY XXII (1988)

THE FOLLOWING SUBMISSIONS ARE APPROVED:

KINGDOM OF AN TIR

Myrtle Holt, Shire of. Badge. Azure, a myrtle tree eradicated argent within a bordure compony sable and argent. This submission was pended to November from the August meeting because the tincture of the tree had been omitted from the letter of intent. It was accidentally omitted from the November letter when that was being printed.

KINGDOM OF ANSTEORRA

Alcuin of Argyle. Device. Vert, on a bend raguly cotised argent, three fir sprigs proper. While both name and device were noted on the letter of intent as new submissions, the name was actually registered in April, 1984. Several commentors were inclined to consider both the complex line of the bend and the addition of the cotises as a single modification of the plain bend and call this in conflict with the device of Annalind Airamid the Healer ("Vert, on a bend argent a caduceus palewise vert between a sprig of white willow and a foxglove, slipped and leaved, palewise proper."). Technically, however, the cotises are secondary charges and should be counted separately from any other changes that are made to the bend (this appears to be mundane practise, reflected not only in the organization of Papworth's Ordinary, but also in the fact that cotising could be used to create cadet arms). Please ask him to draw the fir sprigs properly: the stick figure sprigs on the emblazon sheet could easily be mistaken for caltraps.

Catherine Blackrose. Device. Per chevron argent and gules, two roses sable and a griffin segreant argent.

Cú Dub MacArtuir. Name only (see RETURNS for device). The given name is documented in period usage (O Corrain and Maguire, Gaelic Personal Names, p. 64). The form "Artuir" is not, as stated on the letter of intent a "reasonable variant" of Arthur, but rather appears to be the properly formed genitive form of the Irish "Artur" which is required after the patronymic particle.

Kasilda Kubasek. Badge. Gules, a natural leopard's head erased argent, spotted sable.

Nicollo Andrew Blackrose. Name and device. Per saltire argent and gules, a lion rampant to sinister counterchanged maintaining a rose sable, slipped and leaved proper, all within a bordure indented counterchanged.

Rolf Magnussen. Name only.

Rowan Beatrice vom Kampfer. Name and device. Azure, a polar bear statant to sinister argent, crowned of a coronet dovetailed Or, within an annulet, a chief embattled argent. The name was submitted as Rowan Beatrice von Kämpfer. Since "Kämpfer" means fighter, this formation was not correct. Obelisk has informed me that the suggestion for emendation made by Treble Clef (which would mean "of the Camphor Tree") is acceptable to the lady so that has been used. Note that the blazon on the letter of intent omitted the annulet. However, since it appeared on the emblazon and a significant proportion of the commentors concluded correctly that the annulet was argent and checked for conflict on that basis, it seemed unjust to penalize the submittor by pending the device.

William Graybeard. Name only.

KINGDOM OF ATENVELDT

Ingirith Austsfari. Device. Per chevron sable and vert, in chief five annulets in chevron and in base two trunkless fir trees in fess, all argent. The submission was made under the name Ingirith Austrafari, but is registered under the form of the name passed in December, 1987. Note that we have registered the trees as shown on the emblazon sheet (the Laurel staff rather liked Brachet's suggested of trees "martletted", but felt this might be confusing to the heraldic artist). If the submittor in fact wished to have "normal" fir trees, a new emblazon sheet will have to be submitted with a blazon correction request.

James Treebull the Stubborn. Device. Or, on the crown of a tree issuant from a mound sable, a bull's head cabossed Or, all within a bordure embattled sable. This submission was pended in November, 1987, because the blazon on the letter of intent and on the submission paperwork had a bordure embattled, but the emblazon showed a plain bordure. Aten has now provided an emblazon sheet showing that the blazon was in fact correct.

Kyra Kai ferch Madoc. Badge. Per bend sinister azure and vert, in bend a weaving shuttle bendwise sinister argent and a spinning wheel bendwise sinister Or.

Patrice Françoise van Brussel. Name and device. Per bend Or and purpure, in sinister chief a sword bendwise argent, hilted sable, its blade enflamed gules, issuant from base a demi-sun Or. The name was submitted as Patri Françoise van Bruessel. As the name "Patri" could not be documented in period, we have substituted the usual French form of the lady's given name (Patricia). The spelling of the place name has been corrected to the Flemish form which matches the preposition. (Note to commentors: the name of Patri de Chat Gris, cited on the letter of intent, was registered in 1973, but would still pass today since his mundane given name is Patri.)

Raibeart Ulfr. Name only (see RETURNS for device). The name was submitted as Raibeart am Ulfr. The Gaelic article before the Norse noun is incorrect. As no article is required before a noun used as an epithet in Old Norse, the article has been dropped entirely.

Ron of Sundragon. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per pale vert and sable, in pale a sycamore leaf argent and two arrows in saltire Or. The submission was made under the name Nootka Karlsefni.

Siegmund vom Weisswald. Name change from Siegmund von dem Weisswald.

Sven Thjostarsson. Name and device. Per bend Or, mulletty azure, and azure, in base a drakkar Or.

Tellias of Kenyon. Name only.

Wanda of Tir Ysgithr. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Azure, a sword inverted Or between two swans naiant respectant argent. The submission was made under the name Alma Jolene Eamon.

KINGDOM OF CAID

Aleksei of Starkhafn. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per bend sinister gules and argent, a cross bottony Or and a double-headed eagle displayed, maintaining a sword and a scroll, gules. The name was submitted as Aleksei Rurikov.

Brad of Cambria. Name only (see RETURNS for device). His mundane name is Brad. As he originally wished the form Braden, he might be interested in the documented Old English given name "Brada" (Redin, Studies in Uncompounded Personal Names in Old English, p. 73).

Catriona Lochsiar. Name only. The byname creates some difficulties, since "loch" seems to vary between the masculine and feminine according to the period and context. MacLennon's Gaelic dictionary give the noun as feminine, while several elementary grammars give it as masculine. The situation is complicated by the fact that the Irish cognate appears in both genders as well, arguing that the term has an androgynous nature, which complicates formation of dependent adjectives and noun phrases. In this case, we are assuming that the omission of the article indicates a moderate inclination on the part of the submittor to anglicize, in which case the submitted form is just fine.

Ifor of Aberystwyth. Change of name from Ifor Aberystwyth and device. Per pale vert and Or, a chevron between three mullets counterchanged within a bordure embattled sable.

Ivar Redblade of Wolves' Haven. Name only.

Ivan of Darkforest. Name only.

Jocelyn Chamberlain. Name and device. Azure, an open book Or, in chief a quill fesswise argent, all within a bordure embattled Or.

Lilias Cruithnechán of Eilean a' Cheo. Name and device. Vert, in pale two spoons in saltire, bowls to base, and a cauldron Or.

Reinwald Sigbrand. Badge for House Säbelstern. Sable, a sword bendwise inverted within an orle of estoiles argent.

San Ambrogio, College of. Name and device. Sable, three candles in fess argent, enflamed proper, within a laurel wreath Or. While highly suggestive of the arms of the Dominion of Myrkfaelinn ("Sable, a candle argent, enflamed Or, within a laurel wreath proper."), the difference in the tincture of the wreath and the number of the candles carries this clear.

KINGDOM OF THE OUTLANDS

Elizabeth Wigglesworth of Kirton. Name and device.Per fess embattled gules and argent, three crescents, each within an annulet, all counterchanged.

Hagen Silverskull. Name only (see RETURNS for device). There is no such language as "Teutonic", any more than Amerindian or Indo-European are languages (whether it is natural or constructed, a language must have a common syntax and vocabulary: Old French or Sindarin qualify, "Teutonic" does not). However, Hagen is a perfectly good period German name, being documented in very early epic sources as the name of the slayer of Siegfried.

Outlands, Kingdom of. Title for Gimlet Pursuivant. This was pended on the December, 1987, letter because of some doubt whether this was an inadvertant duplication of a title for the office held by the previously Wimble Pursuivant (a wimble is a kind of gimlet). White Stag informs me that the iteration is intentional and that the Outlands grants itself permission to conflict with itself.

Philippe Guillaume Claude du Chat. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Rowazna Azgwau. Name and device. Purpure, a dromedary courant to sinister argent, in base a double-peaked mount, all within a bordure Or. Please ask the submittor to draw the mount much larger: on the emblazon sheet it is in imminent danger of fading into the bordure.

Taillefer of Augsburg. Name only (see RETURNS for device). The documentation on the letter of intent cited one Taillefer, a minstrel who is said to have roused the battle fervor of the Normans at Hastings by singing of the deeds of Roland. In itself, this would be dubious support since the name is a French nickname meaning "Cut Iron" ("taille fer"), referring to one who is able to cut through the armour of an enemy. Although this is rather more martial than the norm, such epithets were commonly used by the troubadours as "nom de chanson" and seldom reflect an actual period given name usage. In this case, however, Reaney supports the transition to given name usage at an early period, citing Taillefer de Scaccario (1214) and Taillefer de Fraxineto (1221).

KINGDOM OF TRIMARIS

Romana Luisa Ayesha de la Vega. Device. Argent, on a bend sinister purpure between two fleurs-de-lys gules, three roses argent. This was pended from the October meeting because of a disparity between the blazon and emblazon on the letter of intent.

Seumas Moray. Device. Azure, a sea-goat rampant argent, in chief three mullets, one and two, Or. This was pended from the October meeting because on the letter of intent the "mullets Or" were blazoned as "ram's heads caboshed argent".

KINGDOM OF THE WEST

Adalberon Blackwood. Change of name from Algernon Blackwood.

Agafon Albwin. Name and device. Per bend argent and counter-ermine, a sun in its splendour gules and a decrescent argent.

Aveline Durand. Name only.

Brice Armbruster. Badge. Argent, a crossbow vert.

Castillo de los Lobos, Shire of. Change of name from Shire of Applegate.

Charric van den Vliet. Name and device. Per chevron azure and argent, a boar rampant counterchanged. The name was submitted as Charric Van der Vliet. We have corrected the grammar and orthography, as permitted by his paperwork.

Ciaran Faol Ruadh. Change of name from Ciaran Faol-lonn and change of device. Argent, four wolf's heads conjoined in saltire at the neck gules, a bordure sable. The name was submitted as Ciaran Ruadhfhaol. The normal position for adjectives in Irish is following the nouns they modify so that the proper form for the desired byname "Red Fox" is as given above. She releases her current device ("Argent, a wolf sejant to sinister sable, maintaining a garden rose gules, slipped and leaved vert, between in chief three roses in fess gules and in base to garden roses gules, their stalks entwined vert, all within a bordure engrailed gules.")

Delphine Simone del Mare. Name and device. Per pale azure and vert, two natural dolphins hauriant embowed respectant and on a chief argent four escallops inverted, the two to dexter vert and the two to sinister azure. The name was submitted as Delphine Simone Del Mare. The spelling of the last name has been modified, as suggested by a number of commentors. Please suggest to the submittor that the use of two field colours with better contrast than azure and vert and the use of a single tincture for the tertiaries would vastly improve the device.

Edana of Hawk's Hill. Name and device. Azure, in bend two acorns argent.

Elenor of the Grieving Heart. Name only.

Elizabeth Saint Clair. Name only. The name was submitted as Elizabeth St. Clair. The letter of intent stated "a check of all our name references showed names in both forms, with a larger number shown a St. X than as Saint X." However, no documentary support of this was provided. It should be remembered that, while modern sources generally use the abbreviated form of the name, period manuscripts considered contracted forms precisely that. We would not register "Bndicts" for the Latin name "Benedictus" or "Thos" for "Thomas" yet they are common abbreviations used in many period manuscripts. Laurel's experience during many years of work with original historical and literary documents is confirmed by such secondary sources as Reaney which indicate that scribes regarded the fuller form as the norm, with abbreviations used where required (the citation in Reaney for Sinclair is relevant in this regard: not a single citation shows a form in "St." or its equivalent). Note that the fact that the name is registered in its proper form does not forbid the use of abbreviations by scribes where this is appropriate, both in names and in other contexts, and in fact the use of period style ligatures and abbreviations should be encouraged in everyday use.

Irial of Dun Aengus. Name and device. Per bend sinister gules and argent, two goblets counterchanged.

Iomhar MacThaimhis O'Chairngorm. Device. Sable, three wolf's heads erased and sinister facing Or within a bordure argent.

Kirk FitzDavid. Name and device. Sable, a triskelion arrondy and on a chief indented argent three abaci sable.

Llewen the Unruly. Device. Per pale counter-ermine and Or, ermined vert, two trees blasted and eradicated counterchanged argent and sable. This would have been much more cohesive (and hence better period style) if the sinister portion of the field had been erminois or the tree to sinister had been vert.

Marguerite de Rada y Silva. Change of name from Marguerite de Rada. The name was submitted as Marguerite de Rada y Sylva. It would appear that the lady's intent was to be Marguerite of the Road and Wood and the name does not do this. However, in view of the additional evidence for the use of "Silva" as a family name which she has provided we felt bound to register the name. However, the alternation of "y" and "i" is not random in Spanish and occurs in very rigid circumstances (usually in proper nouns derived from other languages and or/loan words such as "Ysabeau"). We could find no instance of its being substituted in period for a vowel of this sort between two consonants so we have modified the spelling of the name, as her paperwork now allows.

Megan of the Canton of the Eternal Winds. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per chevron Or and sable, two pairs of wings conjoined in lure azure and a falcon volant Or. The submission was made under the name of Megan MacLeod.

Robert of Coldcastle. Device. Azure, a boar's head erased and on a chief embattled argent, a tower azure.

Sofiya Germanovna Tumanova. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Steven Longshanks. Holding name and device. Per bend wavy gules and argent, a comet bendwise sinister, head to chief, argent and on a heart gules, a rose argent. The name was submitted as Styvren Longshanks. His mundane given name is Steven. Please instruct him to draw the comet properly with an estoile as the head and the customary wavy rays trailing.

Susan of Winterwood. Name and device. Counter-ermine, a pine tree couped argent.

Theresia von Tux. Transfer of badge to Graidhne ni Ruaidh. Or, semy of badgers vert. Vesper notes that this was submitted with a request that it be transferred immediately to Graidhne ni Ruaidh. This was only noted in a private request to Laurel since the submittor and the College of Heralds of the West wished to "surprise" the recipient. While Laurel was extremely understanding of the desire (ask her about the Friends of the Midnight Dragon some time), the transfer could not legally be made without some formal paperwork and, as Crescent has noted, some indication that the badge would be accepted by the recipient. No matter how much members of the Laurel staff might be convinced that the badge would be acceptable to the Holus Herald, without an actual acceptance no action could be taken.

Vladimir Vladimirovich Vladimirov. Name and device. Per bend azure and argent, a tower Or and a pheon inverted gules, within a bordure sable.

Werinbert of Dragon's Crag. Name and device. Quarterly azure and Or, in bend two Catherine wheels Or.

Wiglaf Wilfridson. Device. Argent, ermined vert, an otter statant sable. He has permission to conflict with William Thomas Darcy of Montrose ("Argent, an otter erect guardant proper maintaining an escallop inverted gules.")

Wolfgang Gustav Rischmüller. Name and device. Per bend sinister Or and sable, a boar's head couped close within a bordure dovetailed, all counterchanged. Although it did not appear in the modern dictionaries of most of the commentors, we were able to find the adjective "Risch" as the byname of a burger in Frankfort in the last quarter of the fourteenth century (Mulch, Arnsburger Personennamen: Untersuchungen zum Namenmaterial aus Arnsburger Urkunden vom 13.- 16. Jahrhundert, p. 223). According to that source, it meant "quick", "agile" nimble", etc. Taken in a typical German compound form with a common occupational surname it would mean something like "the nimble miller".

THE FOLLOWING SUBMISSIONS ARE RETURNED:

KINGDOM OF ANSTEORRA

Bran de Tintreak. Badge. On a compass star sable, a roundel voided of the field, containing a tower sable. The submission was returned in January, 1987, for excessive complexity, i.e., for having four layers, counting the field on which this would be placed. This submission does not change the design at all, but modifies the blazon. Several commentors stated that this should be passed, if it were reblazoned to be X. Unfortunately, we register the emblazon, not the blazon. It is clear that what the submittor wishes is not what he, or any of the commentors, has blazoned.The roundel is not "on" the compass star, but is rather placed "overall", as is clear from the fact that the rays of the star float in mid-air, as it were, with their joins to one another covered by the roundel. Moreover, the roundel is not "voided of the field": as Crescent has noted that would resemble an annulet. This charge is a "roundel tinctured as the field": its tincture cannot be stated because this is a fieldless badge and there is some question in our minds whether a charge overall can or should be totally derived from an unspecified field. Traditionally, the tinctures of all charges on a fieldless badge are specified. Finally, this is not, as some commentors have indicated, tantamount to a compass star "eclipsed": the usual depiction of a sun, or any rayed entity, eclipsed has a roundel placed on that entity with the edges of the roundel not extending beyond the point where the rays join one another, i.e., the eclipsing, which is generally of the same category as the field on which the charge is placed, does not break tincture because the edges of the underlying charge lie between the roundel and the field. This is not the case here.The situation would be different if the submittor would adopt one of the suggestions made by the commentors for modifying the badge without changing its basic design. In particular, placing the tower within a true compass star pierced would reduce the layering to two levels without sacrificing the concept involved.

Catherine of Dover the Scholar. Device. Azure, a bend between two herring bendwise counternaiant argent. Conflict with Ian McAngus ("Azure, a bend between a mullet of eight points and a tree eradicated argent."), Susanna von Braun ("Azure, a bend between an Easter lily reversed, slipped and leaved, and a unicorn rampant argent.") and Benton ("Azure, a bend argent.", as cited in Papworth, p. 184), all cited in the letter of intent.

Cú Dub MacArtuir. Device. Sable, semy of decrescents, a pale issuant to base from a chevron throughout Or. As Treble Clef has correctly noted, this is merely a reblazoning of a Tir rune throughout and runes are symbols not permitted for use in Society devices (AR10c).

Gairvald Eburhard von Eissenhand. Change of name from Gairovald Eburhard. While much of the College was receptive to the argument that "Gairvald" was a reasonable intermediate form between "Gairovald" and "Gerbald", there were serious problems with the byname as submitted. In the first place, although earlier submissions which never reached Laurel level apparently had the first element of the byname spelled correctly, "Eissen" is not the German word for "iron": that is "Eisen" with a single s. The feeling in the College was that the Ansteorran College had been correct to return the byname on the grounds that it was not a properly formed geographical name. "Eisenhand" is a fine personal epithet, formed in the period manner and his best option would be to add it to his registered name: "Gairovald Eburhard Eisenhand". Alternatively, he could do as several commentors have suggested and treat "Eisenhand" as a noun form in apposition with a geographic descriptive: "von Schloss Eisenhand". As he strictly forbade even the most minor changes to his submission, we were unable to modify even the given name to drop the offending "o".

Hans Dürrmast von der Wanderlust. Device. Azure, a chevron argent and on a pale counterchanged between in chief two halberd heads, blades inwards, argent, a rapier inverted counterchanged. This submission was pended from the October meeting because the emblazon on the letter of intent, which showed a field per chevron, rather than the chevron which actually exists, mislead a considerable proportion of the College. It was the feeling of the College, considering the correct submission, that it was just too complex for Society heraldry, not only containing four layers (field + chevron + overlying pale + rapier) but reducing the rapier to a nearly unidentifiable state through the counterchanging.

Inloth Lamont. Device. Per bend gules and sable, an ermine statant guardant proper between two compass stars in pale argent. Conflict with Rima of Rockridge ("Gules, an ermine statant guardant proper.")

KINGDOM OF ATENVELDT

Alma Jolene Eamon. Name only. The submittor's own name documentation for all elements was a rather dubious "baby name book". Members of the College did their best to document all elements of the name, but met with real success only with the common Irish given name "Eamon". Unfortunately, as Withycombe notes, "Alma" seems to have become popular as a given name in the nineteenth century after the Battle of Alma in the Crimean War. Several commentors alluded to the use of the name for the Queen of the Body Castle in Spenser's Faerie Queen, but this does not really demonstrate the use of the name in period since it is a clearly allegorical usage ("alma" is widely used in late medieval writings as the common Latin word for "soul"). Both Spenser and his audience would have understood the reference to indicate that the soul was master of the body (a nice Platonic view!): the fact that there is no evidence for the Spenserian usage having generated actual use of the name in the early seventeenth century only confirms this. The form "Jolene" apparently is a twentieth-century formation from popular name elements. While several commentors noted similarly pronounced diminutive forms from Joel documented as independent elements in period (see Reaney, Dictionary of British Surnames, p. 198, under "Jolin"), it seemed doubtful whether the submittor really wanted this masculine form for her given name.

Nootka Karlsefni. Name only. While the combination of an Eskimo name with an Old Norse name seems reasonable in view of the simultaneous settlement of Greenland by both groups in period, the submittor's own documentation indicates that the name "Nootka" was the name of a tribe that inhabited that area, rather than an individual name. Since "Karlsefni" is an epithet (Geirr Bassi translates it as "he-man", p. 24), a given name is definitely needed.

Raibeart Ulfr. Device. Vert, on a chevron Or between a claymore fesswise reversed and a horned wolf's head, erased and sinister facing, argent, three pine trees proper. The device does conflict with Theodore de Emerald ("Vert, on a chevron Or, three brilliant cut diamonds seem from above proper."). There is a major point for the addition of the secondaries, but the difference derived from the tertiaries is very weak in view of the coincidence of number and tincture (vert). In fairness to the submittor, he should probably be informed that the reaction to the horned wolf's head was dubious at best.

KINGDOM OF CAID

Aleksei Rurikov. Name only. Crescent is quite correct in indicating that the surname here is correctly formed to show descent from Rurik and the submittor's documentation indicates that it is in fact his intent to show his descent from Rurik, the original leader of the Rus. Unfortunately, this is tantamount to claiming membership in the House of Rurik, rulers of Russia from Kiev and Moscow for more than seven centuries, right down to the end of the sixteenth century. Rurik is in the same relationship here as Roman Yurievich was to the House of Romanov: logically we should protect "Rurikov" as we do "Romanov".

Brad of Cambria. Device. Per pale indented argent and gules, a heart counterchanged. Conflict with Thomas Heath ("Argent, on a heart gules a unicorn passant reguardant argent."). Under our current rules, counterchanging along the line of division provides only a major point of difference from Society armoury, although it is sufficient difference from mundane armoury.

KINGDOM OF THE OUTLANDS

Amarantha Randolph. Name only. The letter of intent cited the given name as a construct from the Greek and stated that it was "consistent with late period naming practice during the reign of 'Gloriana'", implying an argument from the Spenserian usage of "Gloriana" in support of this name. Unfortunately, "Gloriana" is an allegorical usage and may be considered unique (it alluded to Queen Elizabeth as the Faerie Queen). Amarantha is indeed derived from the Greek for everlasting, but in period "amaranth" seems to have had two primary meanings. The first, still used today is for an actual family of flowers (including pigweed and tumbleweed!), as well as for a legendary flower which never dies. As a "flower name", this requires some serious documentation that the name, as such, was used in period. The second period usage of "amaranth" is equally difficult, since it refers to a type of gem. While such names were occasionally used in allegory and some came into popular usage (e.g., Margaret, derived from the Latin word for "pearl"), such gem names were not nearly as common in period as they are today.

Darcy Randolph. Name and device. Sable, a bat-winged wolf sejant affronty, wings displayed and inverted, in chief three mullets, two and one, argent. The letter of intent cited Withycombe (p. 75) in support of the usage of the given name, saying it was "used since the fourteenth century as a given name". What Withycombe in fact says is "In the 14th C a branch of the family settled in Ireland, and Darcy was there adopted as a christian name. . ." Nowhere is a date given for this process: the only assumption that can be made is that it occurred after 1300. The device conflicts visually with Rhyance Llew ap Llewellyn ("Sable, a bat-winged lion sejant affronty, wings displayed, on a chief triangular argent a Celtic cross sable."): the distinctive posture and bat-winging of the beast overrode any differentiations between the lion and the wolf (the distinctive details largely lay on the wings and faded into the general argent blur).

Hagen Silverskull. Device. Per fess embattled sable and gules, two swords inverted in saltire surmounted by a sword inverted palewise, all proper, in chief a label couped argent. There are several problems with this device. As Crescent notes, the collocation of swords, if properly drawn, obscures the complex line of division to such an extent that it does not qualify as the sort of simple armoury which may complexly divide two colours. It also conflicts with the mundane arms of Valentine ("Sable, three swords, points downwards, argent, hilted Or, one in pale and two saltirewise.", as cited in Papworth, p. 1110). If the label is removed, there is only a minor point of difference for the change to half the field. It was the consensus of feeling in the College that, while standard cadency marks such as the label may be used as "regular charges" in Society heraldry, i.e., not be used solely in the context of cadency, it is not feasible or appropriate to use such recognized cadency marks to provide the primary difference from mundane or Society armoury. In other words, a majority of the College felt that this device looked like a cadet branch of Valentine.

Philippe Guillaume Claude du Chat. Device. Argent, a cat's paw erased sable, claws to chief, within an orle of gouttes de sang. Conflict with Tuania Catsclaw ("Argent, goutty de sang, a cat's paw dismembered sable, armed argent, embrued gules."). As Brachet noted, there "is NO difference visually between goutty and this orle of gouttes."

Taillefer of Augsburg. Device. Sable, four Stafford knots conjoined and interlaced in annulo Or. The consensus of commentary in the College was that, although this was a lovely design and probably a joy to embroider, it was not reconstructible from any blazon that we could devise and, in fact, fell under the ban on "Celtic knotwork". As Crescent noted, were the knots truly Bowen knots they would be rounded, not angled as on the proposed device. Additionally, since distinctions between knots are distinctly limited, this is in conflict with Leila of the Meadows ("Sable, a Bowen knot in cross fretted Or."): both are simply gold knotwork on black field and complete difference of charge cannot apply.

KINGDOM OF THE WEST

Maeve of Roscommon. Name only. The beginning of the Táin Bó Cuailnge proper runs "Once when the royal bed was laid out for Ailill and Maeve in Cruachan . . .". The Cruachan thus referred lies in what is now County Roscommon (Kinsella, The Tain, p. xviii). The name is thus in conflict with the great Maeve of Irish myth and legend.

Megan MacLeod. Name only. The name is just too close in sound to the registered name of Morgan MacLeod.

Raymond of Argentwood. Name and device. Sable, on a bend argent between two mullets of six points Or, three increscents palewise sable. The use of the French adjective "argent" in this manner, prefixed to an English noun, does not seem to be period, although Silverwood would be fine. As he forbids even minor changes to his name, the name as a whole must be returned. The device does visually conflict with Aynsworth ("Sable, on a bend argent three crescents of the field.", as cited in Papworth, p. 233): the modification of the posture of the tertiaries is a distinction, not a difference.

Rhyllian of Starfire Retreat. Change of name from Rhiannon of Starfire Retreat. As Vesper himself comments, the submittor's arguments that the name is a dithematic Welsh name formed from a protheme "Rhy" and a deuterotheme "llian" do not hold linguistic water. Not only does Welsh not form random dithematic combinations, but the alleged name elements do not actually exist as such in Welsh. Since this is the case, it is impossible to consider this "a made-up name consistent with the structure, sound and spelling of existing medieval Welsh names".

Sofiya Germanovna Tumanova. Device. Or, a pegasus rampant to sinister sable, crined and unguled gules, within a double tressure sable. Conflict with the badge of Damales Redbeard ("Or, a pegasus volant to sinister, wings elevated and addorsed, within a bordure sable.").

Styvren Longshanks. Name only. The given name was stated to be a manufactured "country variant" of his given name Steven. Unfortunately, even the fertile pen of Yonge (p. 93) was unable to find any form of Stephen that uses a "y" in the first syllable or adds an "r" to the final syllable. This is not a reasonable variant.

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