April 1989 LoAR

APRIL XXIII (1989)

THE FOLLOWING SUBMISSIONS ARE APPROVED:

KINGDOM OF ANSTEORRA

Arianwen Lasair Oileana. Name only. Although the formation used is acceptable, a better usage would be to use the adjectival substantive "oileanach", also cited in the submittor's documentation.

Enoch Crandall O'Cranon. Badge. Gules, a chevron rompu argent, semy of broadarrows gules.

Gunhilda Adeleva Amberstar. Device. Sable, a compass star Or between in bend two mullets of four points, on a base enarched argent, a moth displayed sable. There was a considerable amount of feeling that this was stylistically marginal. Please ask the submittor at least to draw the compass star larger to distinguish it further from the other mullets.

Gwynydd ferch Dafydd. Name only. The name was submitted as Gwynydd ab Daffydd with a note by Star that "Ab is Welsh for 'son of, used in late period for both boys and girls as 'child of'." Although no evidence was given in support of this theory, Brachet's learned commentary indicates that there was a transitional period when the male patronymic particle was used with an ancestor's name as a true surname. For example, you could (and did) have "Thomas ap Owyne, son of Morice ap Owyn". However, this does not really mean "child of", as Brachet notes, but rather "of the family whose surname is". As she indicates she wishes to be "the child of David", we have substituted the proper form.

Landric Athelwolfsson. Name only.

Paul MacGregor. Name only.

Robert the Ironwolf. Name only.

Siegfried der Unverzagt von Brandenburg. Badge. Azure, a lion's head, winged, erased and affronty, argent.

Tadhg Liath of Duncairn. Badge. An abacus sable.

KINGDOM OF CAID

Alexander von Halle. Name and device. Argent, on a mullet of six points azure, a cross couped Or, all within a bordure embattled azure.

Alyse Lillias Stewart. Name and device. Per pale azure and gules, in saltire a garden rose, slipped and leaved, and a needle, eye to base, argent.

Artemisia Quercia da Signa. Name and device. Azure, four acorns in cross, caps to center, on a chief dovetailed argent, a barrulet azure. Given the geographical use of the name Artemisia, both mundanely and in the Society, the given name caused some raised eyebrows. However, the submittor has documented the given name in use in the sixteenth century (just) for the daughter of the painter Orazio Gentileschi. A painter herself, the lady was born around 1597 in Italy and was apparently a court artist at the court of Charles I (there is a self-portrait of her at Hampton Court). Crescent noted on the letter of intent that the lady had been told to draw the barrulet larger and more centered on the chief: we concur heartily in this advice.

Bors of Blackheath. Name and device. Per fess gules and argent, scaly sable, in chief a winged bull, passant to sinister and guardant, argent.

Brendan Morgansbane. Name only.

David Fletcher Stanwood. Name only.

Davin Wölflin of Unterwalden. Name and device. Countervairy argent and gules, a demi-lion with a bordure sable. While it can by no means be assumed that a demi-beast will always be a major point of difference from a whole beast in the same relative position, in this case a comparison of the emblazons shows that the cumulative differences carry this feline well clear of the natural panther of Moshe Pantera del Fuego Negro ("Argent, a natural panther salient incensed of flame, all within a bordure sable."). In addition to the truncation of the lower extremitites, there is a significant difference in the portions of the beast that remain: the shape of the head (maned versus maneless), forelegs and tail (shaggy versus smooth) and general treatment (plain versus incensed of flame).

Eadric Hararand. Device. Azure, fretty Or, a hare salient argent.

Ivan Kirovich. Name and device. Per pale embattled argent and sable, two bottlenosed dolphins haurient embowed addorsed counterchanged. Please draw the dolphins a lot larger so that they fill the field more adequately.

Khalid ibn Haroun al-Aqrab. Device. Or, on a fess sable between three pellets, a scorpion fesswise Or.

Maior Renarte. Name only. While "maior" is the comparative of the Latin adjective "magnus" and so this name could be translated as "the bigger fox", the submittor has thoroughly documented the use of the name "Maior" as a feminine name in period Spain (the analogue to the use of "Magnus" as a given name is obvious). As the submittor includes no other allusions to rank, authority, etc., we felt that this was parallel to the precedental name of "Regina Romsey" and did not imply any claim to rank.

Mikhail of the Khazars. Device. Per bend sinister azure and sable, a falcon rising, wings elevated and addorsed, between in bend two sheaves of three arrows inverted argent.

Saint Artemas, College of. Device. Vert, two quill pens in saltire argent within a laurel wreath, in chief three goblets Or.

Stephen Trahern. Change of name from holding name of Stephan of Nordwache.

KINGDOM OF CALONTIR

Cedric Adelaar Staats. Name and device. Per pale urdy argent and purpure, a cross flory azure and a flanged mace palewise argent. The name documentation alluded to on the letter of intent did not in fact demonstrate the name to be fully period in form. Indeed, the citation from Withycombe for Cedric documents it as being out of our period. However, it has previously been ruled "Society-compatible". Arthur's Etymological Dictionary of Family and Christian Names, which was used for documentation of the remainder of the name, is not a reliable source, being a rather old volume of the "what to name your baby" and "what does your family name mean" variety. In fact, "adelaar" is an old Dutch form for eagle (it is cognate with the German "Adler". Arthur gives "Staats" as "the nick-name in Dutch for Eustace, or Eustatius". In fact, the modern Dutch surname "Staat" or "Staats" seems to be derived from the word "staat" (cognate with the German "Stadt") and refer to a townsman. While neither of these were clearly demonstrated to be period Dutch surnames, they both parallel documented Low German forms and so are reasonable (and also work as a Dutch version of a typical fantasy-style epithet "Eagle of the City", which may be what the submittor really intended.)

Durand FitzRobert. Name and device. Argent, on a pile inverted between two mortars and pestles gules, a tilting spear Or.

Harald Isenross. Name and device. Per fess rayonny azure and argent, a heart between three crosses formy counterchanged.

Marcellina Nave Staats. Name and device. Azure, a cauldron between two stalks of wheat embowed in pile Or.

Niccolo Corvino. Name and device. Per fess sable and ermine, in chief a lion dormant argent.

Phillippe de Mortain. Device. Purpure, three lions sejant erect ermine.

Pierre François le Chansonnier. Name only.

Randal MacDougal. Name and device. Per bend sable and gules, in bend sinister a phoenix, head to sinister, argent and a Celtic cross, all within an orle Or.

Robyn MacTanner. Name only. With regard to the surname the letter of intent said only "MacTanner is constructed in a period manner as 'son of a tanner'." without giving any support for this statement. Fortunately, Brachet has been able to discover a very few Scots examples which appear to combine the particle "mac" with an English (of low Scots) occupational epithet in this manner, e.g., Macchantor, M'Cleriche, Macintaylor, etc. The name would, in fact, be less distracting were it formed in the English manner to match the given name and the language of the occupational epithet: "Robyn Tanner". While the submittor forbae changes to his name, perhaps he would be amenable to such a change if it were explained to him that occupational surnames became heritable very early on so that "Tanner" would be used by the son of a tanner as well as by the tanner himself.

KINGDOM OF THE EAST

Aelwin Sherlock. Name and device. Vert, an owl close affronty argent perched upon an oak branch fesswise reversed Or, a base dovetailed argent. Please ask the submittor to draw the dovetailed line of division properly with multiple dovetails.

Aine MacDomhnaill. Name and device. Per bend sinister dovetailed argent, semy of crosses of four ermine tails purpure, and purpure, semy of crosses of four ermine tails argent.

Alana of Carillion. Name only. Given the existence of the period Latinized form "Alanus", this is a reasonable feminine form.

Alban Geoffrey du Costeau. Name and device. Or, an hourglass between four fleur-de-lis, two and two, azure. The name was submitted as Alban-Geoffrey du Costeau with the given names hyphenated. In his letter of intent, Brigantia noted "Hyphenated names are found in period France, particularly in Gascony (Gascony: England's First Colony)." However, no exemplars were provided in support of this statement nor were page citations or xeroxes of this uncommon volume provided with the submission. As it is quite usual in modern texts (both English and French) to supply hyphens in names such as Jean-Jacques which would be hyphenated today even when the period sources do not show a hyphen, it is necessary to demonstrate that original sources are being used.

Alejandra Mercedes de Rosanegra. Name and device. Per saltire azure and sable, in chief upon a lozenge argent, a garden rose, slipped and leaved, sable, all within a bordure ermine.

Aoibheil of Dun Holen. Device. Per bend sinister sable and argent, a raven and a decrescent counterchanged.

Aoife Finn. Name and device. Argent, on a bend Or, fimbriated gules, between two peacock feathers bendwise, a peacock feather sable, a chief invected azure.

Arianna of Wynthrope. Change of device. Per saltire Or and vert, a lozenge counterchanged within a bordure sable.

Berengaria of the Hounds. Name and device. Per bend indented gules and Or, two Irish wolfhound's heads erased counterchanged.

Brion MacGilbert. Name and device. Azure, a sword palewise inverted surmounted by a catamount passant Or within an orle of thistles, slipped and leaved, argent. The name was submitted as Brion Donal MacGilberth. On the letter of intent Brigantia noted as documentation for the name "Brion" its appearance in Katherine Kurtz' Deryni novels for one of the more notable characters: Brion Donal Ifor Haldane. While Katherine Kurtz' contributions to the Society have been many and varied, the use of a name element in her books is not proof that it was used in period without external substantion. Fortunately, Habicht has provided this: it is in fact a documented Irish form for Brian (O Corrain and Maguire, Gaelic Personal Names, p. 35). However, we had to agree with Star that the submittor was skating perilously close to the name of the Deryni King and so we have dropped the "Donal" to register the name. Note that the analogues provided for variants of the documented "MacGilbert" supported not the form in ending in "th" which was submitted, but a form ending in "d". Failing some evidence that the two are interchangeable in this context in English or Scots (which was not forthcoming), we have no option but to drop the aspiration from the final syllable.

Briony of Chatham. Name and device. Per chevron inverted and invected argent and vert, semy of bryony flowers argent, in chief a winged demi-hind rampant sable. On his letter of intent, Brigantia offered the existence of a character in the Deryni novels as evidence for the acceptability of the name. As noted above, names appearing in Katherine Kurtz' novels are not automatically acceptable for Society use. However, since the given name has previously been ruled "compatible", we felt obliged to register the name even though it caused some serious allergic reactions among the Laurel staff.

Cai ap Cai. Name and device. Per pale argent and gules, in pale two apples counterchanged.

Cailléne Morgan. Change of device. Vert, semy of escallops Or, a winged sea-unicorn argent within a bordure embattled Or.

Cainder of Loch Suilli. Name and device. Per pale ermine and sable, two antelopes rampant addorsed counterchanged. The beasts on this device are heraldic antelopes, not ibexes as they were blazoned on the letter of intent. While the origin of the heraldic antelope may well be the ibex, the ibex in heraldic art has quite a different form.

Caitlyn FitzRobert. Badge. Azure, a goutte d'Or within a bordure argent.

Caitrin Maura Gordon. Name and device. Per fess argent and plummetty gules and Or, two foxes sejant, respectant and reguardant, gules.

Cecily of Elfhollow. Name and device. Per fess azure and vert, a fess wavy Or between a portative organ and a dogwood blossome argent, seeded vert.

Ceridwen ferch Gruffudd. Name only.

Chlotivert der Affe. Change of name from holding name of David der Affe.

Ciaran mac Meara. Device (see RETURNS for change of name). Vert, a goshawk close perched upon the fist of a gloved hand fesswise, couped and reversed, within a bordure embattled Or.

Damon de la Main. Badge. Vert, on the palm of a sinister hand Or, a fret couped vert.

Damon the Goth. Name and device. Argent, a demi-dragon displayed gules, charged on the breast with a tower argent, all within a bordure gules. On the letter of intent, Brigantia seemed to imply that it was necessary to count the demi-dragon as a major point of difference from a complete dragon to find this clear of Macsen Felinfoel ("Argent, a dragon statant erect to sinister, wings displayed, and a chief embattled gules."). This is not the case, apart from the major point for the change of secondary charge there is a strong minor for the addition of the tertiary so that all that is necessary is a minor for the cumulative changes to the dragon: this would be present even if this were not a demi-dragon.

Ekaterina Novgorodka. Device. Or, three bears sejant affronty displayed gules within a bordure wreathed argent and gules. The submission was made under the name Ekaterina Pyetrovna Novgorodka. It is registered under the form passed in November, 1988. Note that the bears cannot be simply blazoned as "sejant erect affronty" since most herald artists would not splay the upper legs in the manner they are on the emblazon sheet. As the precise details of this device appear to be important to the submittor, it seems necessary to specify this. [Irreverent comment from a Laurel staff member: "This wins the prize for the use of period design to produce a non-period effect!"]

Elsbeth Laurence. Name and device. Vert, a fox rampant and on a chief trefly countertrefly argent, three roses sable, barbed and seeded vert.

Eoin O'Keevan de Curci Blake. Device. Per pale argent and vert, a cross formy fitchy within a bordure counterchanged.

Etain Sableswan. Device. Per bend argent and Or, a swan rousant to sinister, wings displayed, between in bend two crosses of ermine tails sable.

Etienne des Nuages. Name only.

Eva van der Oudeachterkol. Badge. In fess three popinjays vert, beaked and membered argent. Note that the default arrangement for three charges on a plain shield is two and one so that there is a major point for arrangement of charges from the arms of Cliffe ("Argent, three popinjays vert.") and the King of India ("Or, three popinjays vert."), cited in the letter of intent.

Fionnghuala Gliobach Mael Ailbe. Device. Gules, a female rider mounted on a horse passant to sinister Or.

Fionnghuala an Duin na Linne. Name and device. Per fess sable and argent, an annulet between two bars dancetty counterchanged. The name was submitted as Fionnghuala na Liosa Linne. The letter of intent indicated that "the preposition na means 'of the'", but "na" is not a preposition: it is the article placed in the genitive. Moreover, while the word "lios" is cognate with the early Irish noun that gave rise to all the place names alluded to by Brigantia, the base meaning is an enclosure. By the submittor's own documentation, in Gaelic it has as its primary meaning of a garden or enclosed plantation (thus the term for a vineyard is "fionlios"). As the submittor wished us to change the name to give the meaning Fionnghuala of the ring-fort of the lake", we have substitued the generally used noun "dun" which appears to be the equivalent in Gaelic name formation to the Irish "lis".

Fionnghuala Siobhan nic an Chlerich. Device. Per bend Or and purpure, two linden leaves in bend sinister, stems issuant from the line of division, within a bordure counterchanged. As Green Anchor has correctly noted, the linden leaves of the arms of Ortleib are lime leaves so that the blazon in Woodward is correct.

Frederick Dragonheart. Device. Argent, on a heart between six gouttes of flame in annulo sable, a dragon segreant argent.

Garmund Farer. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Godfrey de Shipbrook. Name and device. Per pale azure and argent, a clarion counterchanged Or and gules. As has been noted before, the evidence for the use of the Norman French preposition "de" with English place names in personal names is overwhelming and so this is a licit formation.

Gwilym ab Eifion. Badge. Or, a bunch of grapes, slipped and leaved, vert, winged pean.

Gwilym ab Eifion. Badge. Or, a bunch of grapes purpure, slipped and leaved, vert, winged pean.

Heather of Whitby. Name and device. Quarterly sable and gules, a pegasus rampant between three calla lilies argent.

Horic Grarvargr Caithnes. Change of badge. Argent, a hound passant coward sable within an orle of chain azure.

Iryena Kustodieva. Name and device. Per pale sable and argent, two wolves salient addorsed within a bordure rayonny, all counterchanged argent and gules.

Jorg Johansen. Badge. Or, on a garb sable, a cat dormant Or.

Julia of Dunblane. Name and device. Argent, two chevronels vert surmounted by a ram's head cabossed gules, all between three lozenges vert.

Keith of Rusted Woodlands. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Or, on a pile inverted cotised gules, a Bengal tiger rampant argent, marked sable. The submission was made under the name Kelson MacLaine.

Marco Palladio di Soncino. Change of name from Palladio Santelli and badge. Azure, a rapier palewise surmounted by two quill pends in saltire Or. Star noted a previous return for combining "dissimilar" charges in a single visual unit. In the case cited, however, it was two types of sword (a poignard and a rapier) rather than two clearly different charges, adding an extra degree of potential visual confusion.

Marged Tylluan Fach. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Marion of Edwinstowe. Badge (see RETURNS for household name). A barrel palewise proper pierced to sinister by three arrows fesswise in pale sable, fletched vert.

Marion of Edwinstowe. Badge. An oak sprig fesswise reversed proper, fructed to sinister, overall an uncial M Or.

Matilde des Isles Froides. Change of device. Or, two needles, eyes to chief, sable between in pale two crabs and in fess two closed books palewise gules.

Melisande de Tours. Name and device. Per pale sable and vert, a melusine argent, crined and maintaining a trident bendwise sinister Or, within a bordure wavy argent.

Michel le Jeune. Device. Or, crusilly, in fess two lions rampant to sinister purpure.

Michèle il Matto. Name and device. Azure, a moon in its complement between three retorts, a chief argent.

Morgan ap Harry. Name and device. Sable, a pair of calipers inverted argent. The name was submitted as Morgan ap Harri. However, the documentation provided supported the form "ap Harry" and neither Brigantia nor any commentor adduced documentation for the form ending in "i".

Morgana Gwyn d'Argenton. Name and device. Counter-ermine a compass star argent within a bordure argent, semy of roses proper.

Myron Duxippus Draco. Name and device. Per chevron gules and sable, a chevron invected between a dragon statant reguardant and a mullet Or.

Novia Morgana. Name only (see RETURNS for device). This name made us very uncomfortable as it comes perilously close to meaning "the New Morgana"), as Hund noted. However, removed from the device, it becomes (marginally) acceptable.

Phelan MacDermott. Name and device. Per bend sable and Or, a lion rampant to sinister counterchanged within a bordure gules.

Pryder mab Aurddolen. Name only. With the aid of Brachet at the Pennsic consultation table, the submittor has documented "Pryder" as a given name from Bartrum in a context which makes it highly unlikely that the individual who bore the name should be associated with the Welsh god.

Rachid ibn Husam. Name and device. Azure, mulletty of six points argent, a panther rampant guardant, on a chief triangular Or, a crescent gules.

Raibeart Warenne. Name and device. Ermine, an eagle displayed gules, charged on the breast with a cross crosslet fitchy argent, within a bordure counter-ermine.

Rhydderich Hael, Barony of. Name for Order of the Haelstone.

Richard of Ravensglenn the Juggler. Name and device. Argent, a raven displayed and on a chief azure, three plates.

Robin Arwood. Name and device. Per fess gules and vert, five mullets in saltire argent.

Rundarg von Trier. Name only.

Selima Dragonheart. Name and device. Sable, a bend sinister wavy between two fox's heads erased and respectant argent.

Seumas MacHale. Name and device. Per fess embattled argent and azure, two thistles, slipped and leaved, azure and a grouse's leg erased argent.

Terence the Arcane. Name and device. Or, six crosses crosslet fitchy gules within a bordure sable. For those who asked about the dating of the given name, it is derived from the name of a Roman playwright and is easily documented in period.

Thorgeirr Bollason. Name only.

Thorgrim Olesson. Device. Sable, on a bend sinister embattled counterembattled between two bear's heads cabossed Or, a hammer gules. Please ask the submittor to draw the hammer a lot larger.

Varyn Crowningshield. Name only.

Vladimir z Devina. Name and device. Per chevron Or and azure, two peacocks rising respectant, wings addorsed, azure and a compass star argent.

William Blackwing. Name and device. Purpure, a pair of bull's horns surmounted by a sword Or, all within a bordure argent. Please ask the submittor to draw the horns more obviously hornlike and less like a distorted crescent.

William the Subtle. Name and device. Sable, a sea-cat erect argent, marked sable, within a bordure countercompony sable and argent.

Wynne ferch Rhys. Name only. The name was submitted as Wynne ferch Emlyn ap Rhys. As Brachet has shown that "Emlyn" is a geographical name in period (one of the seven cantrefs in Dyved) and no documentation dating its use to the mediaeval period has been provided, we have dropped this in order to register the name. She could be "Wynne ferch Rhys of Emlyn" if she so desired. . .

Yngvar the Dismal. Name and device. Vairy argent and sable, a decrescent gules.

KINGDOM OF MERIDIES

Atalanta di Milano. Name only (see RETURNS for device). The submittor has provided evidence for the use of "Atalanta" in Renaissance Italy as the given name of one of the conspirators in the plot against the Baglioni rulers of Perugia, the lady for whom Raphael painted his Deposition.

Brandwyn Alston of the Rift. Name only.

Brenna Lowri o Ruthin. Change of name from Brenna Lowri o Lanbedr and device (see PENDING FOR badge). Or, an equal-armed Celtic cross within a bordure invected azure charged with a ribbon Or.

Brian MacBrand. Name only. Although the letter of intent noted "Brand" only as a "Germanic" name, the prevalence of Scandinavian influence in parts of Scotland apparently led to its use in Scotland. At any rate, as Silver Trumpet has noted, Black's derivation of the surname "Brand", which is relatively common in certain parts of Scotland, from the Old Danish given name implies that it was adopted in some parts of period Scotland.

Christopher Morgan MacCathalain. Name only.

Francesca di Firenze. Device. Per bend azure and vert, a natural seahorse within a bordure engrailed Or.

Francis of Aaron Isles. Badge (see RETURNS for household name). Gyronny gules and vert, a sprig of two oak leaves, fesswise reversed, fructed to dexter, argent within a bordure embattled Or.

Iain Qwhewyl. Change of name from Iain Wallace MacAlpine. Please remind the submittor (and the court heralds) that the new surname is pronounced "wheel".

Jeanette Seurat d'Avignon. Name and device. Argent, two pink flamingos statant respectant proper, on a chief azure a sun in splendour Or. While "Jeanette: is a diminutive form of "Jeanne", it seems unreasonable to disallow it when such close diminutives of the same name as "Jonet", "Jennet", "Janet", etc. have previously been documented in period. Note that the plumage of the birds is "flamingo pink" and therefore has good contrast with the field: reblazoning it as simple "gules" would confuse the issue since many artists would depict all portions of the bird, including the beak and limbs, as flaming red.

Morgan MacLain o Loch Cairlinn. Device. Per bend sinister sable, crusilly argent, and argent, a gryphon's head erased argent and three scarpes sable. As Treble Clef has noted, the lower portion of the field, as depicted, is not bendy sinister since it is not divided equally: were it an independent field, it would be blazoned "argent, three scarpes sable".

Orlando Cavalcanti. Badge. Or, a fleur-de-lis surmounted by two keys in saltire, wards to chief, gules. The name appeared on the letter of intent as Orlando Cavalcanti de Carregga and the forms had Orlando Cavalcanti di Carregga. His registered name is Orlando Cavalcanti: if he wishes a change, this must be submitted to the College separately.

Rebecca of Twywn, called the Demanding. Badge for House Maevrorn. Sable, a greyhound's skull bendwise sinister argent, wearing a fool's cap of two points parti-coloured gules and Or, belled argent. The badge and household name are transferred from Orlando Cavalcanti.

Sebastian Halyburton. Name only.

Timothy of Edessa. Device. Or, a cross crosslet fitchy sable between a chevron and a bar chequy argent and sable.

William of Wroxeter. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

KINGDOM OF THE OUTLANDS

Antoine de Bayonne. Name only.

Avram of Caerthe. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Vert, a saltire couped Or between four bezants. The submission was made under the name of Avram the Jew.

Brenna Cathleen the Hwistlere. Device. Azure, on a bend sinister invected between two winged cruces ansatae argent a wooden recorder proper.

Caitlin of Argyle. Change of name from holding name of Caitlin of Carlsbad.

Dairine Mor O hUigin. Device. Per bend sinister purpure and argent, a demi-unicorn and a demi-unicorn inverted, both issuant from the line of division and counterchanged. White Stag's eloquence has persuaded many of the commentors in the College of Arms (though not the Laurel staff) of the "compatibility" of this particular design with the mediaeval ambience of the Society and we feel it would be churlish to demur. However, it should be noted that this does not set a precedent for future submissions: it has been registered under the "case by case" for non-standard usages. By White Stag's own documentation (and those of others such as Habicht who have added exemplars), this usage is rare and late, dating to at least the sixteenth century. (By tradition, the style we strive for is that of an earlier period when heraldry was actually used for identification, not book plates and carriage embellishments. This is the underlying principle behind the ban on complexity and the requirements for contrast.) To judge by commentary in the College, each of the examples adduced for beasts in this unusual arrangement was for (and probably designed by) a graphic artist and may not actually have been used heraldically. (Many artists of the Renaissance fantasized "heraldic" devices for their work, particularly for self-portraits, though these appear in no other source.) This being the case, this practise should not serve as a model for future submissions.

Elen Llwynog Coch. Device. Per bend argent and gules, a fox sejant to sinister and an escallop inverted, all within a bordure counterchanged.

Joella of Blue Lion's Keep. Badge (see RETURNS for household name). A dragon's jambe bendwise inverted gules maintaining a hurt.

Olaf Bjornson. Change of name from Olaf Bjarnarson.

Outlands, Kingdom of the. Badge for the Order of the Argent Hart. Vert, a stag's head, erased and affronty, argent, collared and armed, within a bordure embattled Or.

Outlands, Kingdom of the. Badge for the Order of the Golden Pheon. Vert, a pheon inverted environed of a stag's attire, all within a bordure embattled Or. The Kingdom of the East has granted the Outlands permission to conflict with the East's (closed) Order of the Pheon.

Outlands, Kingdom of the. Badge for the Order of the Promise of the Outlands. Vert, a deer's head erased argent, budded, within a bordure embattled Or. The submission was made as a "fawn's head", but the College has long since decided that it does not register the young of otherwise heraldic beasts (e.g., cubs, kittens, etc.).

Outlands, Kingdom of the. Badge for the Award of the Protector of the Queen's Heart. Vert, two rapier inverted proper, overall a heart, all within a bordure embattled Or.

Outlands, Kingdom of the. Badge for the Queen's Bard. Vert, a harp argent surmounted by a rose, all within a bordure embattled Or.

Outlands, Kingdom of the. Badge for the Order of the Stag's Blood. Vert, in saltire a sword inverted proper and an axe argent, hafted Or, surmounted by a stag's head cabossed argent, armed, within a bordure embattled Or. There was some discussion on the issue of the level of complexity in this device. While the arrangement of the charges is marginal for a badge, the use of two distinct types of charge in saltire is so well established in the Society that it is a standard arrangement that does not add to complexity so long as both charges are clearly identifiable (which they are in this case). Note that the sword and axe are distinct charges, both mundanely and in the Society, so that there is not the same type of potential for confusion that there would be if, for instance, a rapier and scimitar or a pike and a battle-axe were in saltire.

Outlands, Kingdom of the. Badge for the Order of the Trefoil. Vert, a trefoil slipped argent within a bordure embattled Or. Laurel thought she remembered receiving an almost identical badge when she was a Brownie, but her Girl Scout paraphenalia has long since vanished into the maw of the Salvation Army. . .

Outlands, Kingdom of the. Badge for the Venerable Guard. Vert, a sheaf of three swords inverted proper surmounted by a rose, all within a bordure embattled Or.

Outlands, Kingdom of the. Badge for the Order of the White Scarf of the Outlands. Sable, on a pale argent between two rapiers proper, a stag's antler vert. They have received formal permission to conflict from the Kingdom of Ansteorra to whom the name of the Order of the White Scarf is registered.

Renna of Battersea. Badge. A lion-posted harp fesswise reversed argent issuant from a bag erminois, lined vert. This was stated on the letter of intent to be an appeal. However, as Star noted, this was not an appeal but a resubmission since the badge was substantially changed (by complete change of the tincture of the harp) from the previous submission. This change increases the identifiability of the portions of the harp that lie against the vert area of the bag so that the harp is now clearly visible. We trust that White Stag's assurances that the lady does not care how the bag is blazoned mean that she will not be overly perturbed if it is depicted in one of the alternate forms of harp bag. . .

Rosemary of the Woods. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Tot Coyle. Name and device. Per pale sable and azure, three fox's masks counterchanged argent and Or.

Tuathal of Tehri. Change of name from Tully of Tehri.

KINGDOM OF TRIMARIS

Adrienne Crescentia de la Fere. Change of name from Adrienne de la Fere and device. Per pale azure and argent, two bars dencetty flory counterflory counterchanged.

David of Trimaris. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Or, on a bend bretassy azure between a boar rampant and an escarbuncle gules, three pheons argent. The submission was made under the name Hafgan ap Bleiddudd. As the forms included no local group, we have used the name of his kingdom to form the holding name.

François le Renard. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Guillaume le Chypriot ap Taliesynne. Name only (see RETURNS for badge). The name was submitted as Guillaume le Chypreiot ap Taliesynne. The documented spelling for "Cypriot" in French is the one used above. Note that almost all the College had serious twitches aboiut the use of "ap" with the non-standard form of Taliesin, but this spelling has been previously registered to his (Society) father and appears to be protected by the Grandfather Clause.

Guillermo da Firenze. Device. Gyronny Or and vert, a duck displayed, head to sinister, argent, on a chief gules, three fleurs-de-lis argent.

Gunther von Waldherz. Name only.

Hassan al-Rashid. Name and device. Gules, a lion statant between in pale a scimitar fesswise inverted and a scimitar fesswise reversed Or, all within a bordure argent.

Katsushika Michinaga. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Moira Breanainn MacLochlainn. Device. Argent, fretty gules, an escarbuncle of seven caltraps conjoined at their points within a bordure sable.

Nicole Morgana Chanter. Name and device. Argent, a rose between three fleurs-de-lis sable within a bordure gules. Since "chanter" is an English ocuupational epithet used as a surname, this name is feasible. However, if she really wants an entirely French name, the French form for a female singer is "la chanteuse".

Peadar Felic. Name and device. Per pale azure and gules, a bull's head couped between two swords inverted in pile argent.

Robin of Berkshire. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Zaida of Southkeep. Holding name and device. Or, a camel couchant and on a chief nebuly gules, two moons in their complement Or. The submission was made under the name Zaida bint Al-Gassal.

KINGDOM OF THE WEST

Adriana Ashworth. Name and device. Azure, a heart and on a chief argent, three unicorn's heads couped azure.

Aron Caomhánach. Name and device. Per bend sinister gules and purpure, a Bengal tiger rampant Or, marked sable, within an orle Or.

Daffyd MacRory. Device. Per fess sable and Or, a mullet of six points and a fox's head cabossed counterchanged.

Diane von Dakerwald. Name and device. Azure, a chevron argent between three fir trees couped Or, all within a bordure argent. Although documentation for the usage of "Dakerwald" was lacking, it has previously been registered for her husband so the "Grandfather Clause" applies.

Edwin Gründrache. Device. Azure, in pale two dexter human feet couped argent.

Elfarch Myddfai. Device. Or, a bear legged of eagle's legs rampant to sinister gules.

Evelynne van der Haagen. Name only.

Far West, Barony of the. Badge. Gules, a dolphin embowed argent naiant through an annulet Or. Note that this submission differs materially in degree of complexity from that for the Order of the Stag's Heart of the Outlands above: the object through which the dolphin is leaping is a standard charge (an annulet) and no identifying details of either charge are obscured by the relative positions as is the case with the Outlands submission. (The whole does make a somewhat modern allusion, however: one member of Laurel staff insisted that this should be blazoned as "an heraldic Flipper proper"!)

Harailt MacDonald. Name only.

Jordon Wells of Darkwood. Name and device. Vert, a fox's head cabossed and on a chief embattled argent, three fir trees couped sable.

Katherine the Patient. Name only.

Melinda Dobyns of Suffolk. Name and device. Or, a quill pen palewise purpure, a chief purpure, mailly Or.

Morgan Starbridge. Device. Azure, a crescent environed to chief of five mullets in demi-annulo, all within a bordure embattled Or.

Otto von Besenburg. Name only.

Rowena of Loxton. Name and device. Azure, a fess sable, fimbriated, between three martlets volant, all within a bordure argent.

Signy Listakona. Name and device. Azure, a swan naiant to sinister argent between four needles in mascle, eyes to base, Or, all within a bordure argent.

Taevis Michael O'Neill. Name and device. Per pale gules and sable, two suns in splendour and a phoenix Or, enflamed proper, all within a bordure Or. The name was submitted as Tevis Michael O'Neill with the notation that the name was "made-up". As Crescent has been able to document the form "Taevis" as a variant spelling of the Gaelic "Támhais", which accords well with the language of the name, we have used that form (the submittor allowed changes).

Valerian Zakharevitch Druzhinnik. Name and device. Gules, two bears rampant addorsed Or, each maintaining a scimitar argent, on a chief triangular Or, three crescents, two and one, gules. The name was submitted as Valerian Zakharevitch Druzhinin. As this does not appear to be a period surname construction, we have adopted Treble Clef's suggestion of the occupational epithet "drushinnik" (="fighter", "bodyguard").

Wulfric Strongbow. Device. Argent, a badger's paw fesswise couped sable, armed gules, within a bordure sable. In this case, the paw and its claws are so significant that it seems reasonable to specify their tincture, the more so since gules would not be a default tincture for badger's claws.

THE FOLLOWING SUBMISSIONS ARE RETURNED

KINGDOM OF ANSTEORRA

Bjornsborg, Barony of. Badge. A sprig of alamosa bendwise sinister argent, leaved Or. While this does not conflict with the arms of Aspine ("Azure, an aspen leaf Or."), the conflict for which it was originally returned, it does conflict with Alice of Kent (Vert, a sprig of linden fructed bendwise sinister argent."). No difference can be derived from the field and there are at most two minors for the differences in the sprigs.

Siegfried der Unverzagt von Brandenburg. Device. Azure, a winged lion sejant within a double tressure argent. Conflict with Edwin Griffin de Lyons ("Azure, a lion rampant to sinister within a double tressure argent.").

William Greybeard. Device. Sable, a single-horned anvil and a point pointed Or. Conflict with Balin the Fairhaired ("Sable, a square anvil within an annulet Or.").

KINGDOM OF CAID

Lyrel-Phillipa of Eden's Hall. Badge. A martlet voided argent. There were two points of issue concerning this badge. On the first point, whether the Grandfather Clause covered the now illegal fimbriation of the complex animate charge, there was substantial agreement that the fact that her device ("Per fess azure and vert, two martlets voided argent.") uses this emblem entitles her to its use. The second point was quite literally that: is there a full major point of difference here betweent the submitted badge and the arms of Adam ("Sable, a martlet argent.", as cited in Papworth, p. 305). Crescent argued by analogy that since a bend voided is tantamount to two bendlets and a roundel voided is tantamount to an annulet and a major point of difference would be present between a bend and two bendlets or a roundel and an annulet, a major point should be derivable here. While this argument is ingenious, it ignores the issue of the simplicity and independent existence of the geometric charges voided and their immediate identifiability. By long Society tradition, difference cannot be derived merely from a change of blazon and this submission could equally be blazoned as "On a martlet argent another. . ." In this case, the rules on the addition of tertiary charges come into play: as this is not by any stretch of the imagination an ordinary, the most that could be derived from addition of the second bird would be a minor point of difference and so the mundane conflict stands.

Matsuyama Yoshitoshi. Device. Sable, a pair of pine needles palewise between two pairs of pine needles in annulo argent. This submission was returned by Crescent for visual conflict with the badge of David MacColin ("Sable, an open penannular brooch, pin to base, argent.") The submittor appealed on the grounds that the pine needles do not look like a brooch but like Japanese pine needles, a well-defined charge, and that, if it did look like a brooch, it would be a brooch voided and with the pin to chief not to base and therefore would be clear. Opinion in the College on this issue was considerably divided (in some cases, according to the view the commentor had of "things Japanese"!). However, after a comparison of the two emblazons, we had to agree with Crescent's original return.

KINGDOM OF CALONTIR

Agnes de Lanvallei. Device. Per chevron inverted azure and gules, a sprig of mint argent. Conflict with the badge of the Atenveldt College of Bards ("Azure, a branch palewise argent.").

KINGDOM OF THE EAST

Arden MacIlhatton. Name only. As a number of commentors noted, the current rules demand that, to take advantage of the mundane name allowance, a name must be in the same relative position it occupies in the mundane name. In this case, she wishes to use her middle name as a given name. This ruling has been repeatedly affirmed under several Laurels. In this case, separate documentation for the name is even more important since "Arden" is well known as a period place name.

Avram Moishe ha Cohen. Name and device. Azure, a menorah Or between three Stars of David argent. This submission, name and device both, occasioned a great deal of controversy in the College as to the point at which a name with religious connotations used with religious symbolism reached the point of either presumption or excessive religious symbolism.Crescent has adduced evidence that the term "Cohen" was not used with the article as was the name of the priestly tribe of Levi. Commentary indicates that the term "Cohen" could best be translated as "high priest". When the name was fully translated into English forms from the transliterated Hebrew (Abraham Moses the High Priest), it caused major twitches which were transformed into major convulsions when the device which combines the colours associated with the Zionist movements and the two most recognizable symbols of the Jewish faith (the menorah and the Star of David).

Ciaran mac Meara Ui Briune. Change of name from Ciaran mac Meara. On the letter of intent it was stated "The clan name Ui Briune is documented as a 9th century spelling from Donncha O'Corain, Ireland before the Normans, Gill Irish History Series." As no photocopies were provided of the precise context in which the citation appears, we cannot make the assumption that the form is from a period source or that it would have been applied to individuals. In most cases, the form beginning in "ui" (which is plural) refers to the clan as a whole rather than to an individual and is not properly used in a personal name.

Garmund Farer. Device. Per saltire azure and Or, in fess two ravens addorsed sable. Silver Trumpet is correct in citing as a conflict Robin Vinhall the Ambivalent ("Or, in fess two robins close addorsed, tails crossed in saltire, proper."): there is a major for the field, but the shapes and tinctures of the birds are too close to allow a full major point for the cumulative changes to the birds.

Isengrim du Bois d'Anvers. Device. Gules, on a chevron between a dexter hand couped bendwise, a sinister hand couped bendwise sinister and a falcon's hood affronty argent, three fleurs-de-lis gules. Conflict with the arms of Parker ("Gules, on a chevron between three keys erect argent, as many fleurs-de-lis of the first.", as cited in Papworth, p. 528) and O'Cullen ("Gules, on a chevron between three dexter hands argent, a garb gules enclosed by a pair of trefoils slipped proper."). The use of the hands in different orientations together with a relatively unidentifiable charge in base pushes this device towards unacceptable complexity despite its simplicity of tincture. Note this name was returned in November, 1988.

Kelson MacLaine. Name only. There are multiple problems with this name. The most striking is that it is a documented surname and is not a documented given name save in Katherine Kurtz' Deryni books. That alone would require its return. (For a discussion of the issues, see the submission of Trevyn Avery below.) In this case, however, the allusions to prominent characters of the series may also be excessive in and of themselves. To quote Ibis, "Kelson does come from the Camber series. So does MacLaine -- it is the surname of Duncan, the priest who was King Kelson's mentor and advisor." The conjunction of the two names created twitches throughout the College (literally from coast to coast!).

Mairgret of Carrigart. Device. Argent, a butterfly displayed azure within an orle of poppies gules. The ever-lepidopteral Brachet meeting informs us that a Dyson's Metal Mark butterfly is blue so that this is in conflict with Constance von Messer ("Argent, a Dyson's Metal Mark butterfly proper.") as cited on the letter of intent. There was also a considerable feeling in the College that, as drawn, the poppies and a standard heraldic rose were so close that identity of outline existed between this submission and Allanda de Warwick ("Or, a butterfly within six roses in annulo azure."). The Laurel staff felt that the difference between the poppies in orle and the roses in annulo were sufficient to carry the two clear since it has been traditional that even the most minor difference will clear identity of outline. However, the issue is moot in view of the conflict with Constance von Messer.

Marged Tylluan Fach. Device. Azure, a plate charged with an owl close azure, all within a bordure argent. Conflict with Rhithryn yr Gwlad yr Hav ("Azure, a plate charged with a cauldron and a domestic cat in its curiosity sable.").

Marion of Edwinstowe. Household name for The Buttery. While it is quite true, as Habicht notes, that The Buttery is one of the most ancient of Society institutions, there was considerable feeling that the name was just too generic to be registered as a household name. (Besides, as one member of Laurel staff noted, anyone else who used the name would just be "a cheap imitation".)

Novia Morgana. Device. Argent, vetu sable, a Black Widow spider tergiant proper between four hourglasses in cross gules. As a a field vetu and a lozenge must be considered for conflict, this infringes on the badge of Robin of Mannefeld ("On a lozenge argent, a billet throughout sable charged with a mullet of four points throughout."): with the most generous count possible only a major point of difference can be derived from the changes to the charges on the argent lozenge shape. Note that several Laurel staff members who had vivid memories of the movie Krull had problems with the use of the name, the hourglasses and the Black Widow spider, particularly with the name "Novia" (which is the feminine form of "betrothed" in Spanish) in view of the "Black Widow" lady of the web who was the betrothed of the magician and smashes the magic hourglass which controls the spider in order to save him.

Rolf Gunnarsson. Device. Or, a monkey rampant, maintaining in its dexter paw a goblet and in its sinister paw a pipe sable. Brachet is correct in citing Gilles of Lennox ("Or, a domestic cat sejant, paw extended, sable.") as a conflict: there is a major point for the difference of posture, but the differences of shape between the two beasts are confined to the heads (and even there largely to the ears as the monkey is depicted). The nearly invisible charges maintained cannot carry this clear.

Renato Belasario Pascucci. Name and device. Gules, on a bend between two lozenges Or, an arrow inverted sable, all within a bordure Or. White Stag is correct in noting that the name of the great general "Belisarius" comes into Italian as "Belisario". In Italian pronunciation there is a significant difference between the two vowels. As the submittor allowed no changes of spelling except for the given name "Renato", the whole submission unfortunately had to be returned.

Stephan Calvert of Arundale. Name only. Ibis summed the situation up very well: "The name is still presumptuous. He can either be Stephan Calvert or Stephan 'something' of Arundale. The combination of the two names Calvert and Arundale still infringes on the family names of Maryland's founding family."

Stephan of Falworth. Badge. On a mullet of six points azure, a sea-lion argent. Conflict with Selivia de l'Estoile ("Gyronny of six purpure and argent, a mullet of six points azure."). As this is a fieldless badge, the current rules allow no difference for the field.

Trevyn Avery. Name only. This name was returned in October, 1988, because the given name, although used in a novel by Nancy Springer, was in the form of a Cornish place name. Brigantia (and rather more fervently Badger) argue that, since this was submitted under the "Fantasy Name Allowance", the name may not be returned since the limitation on names which are common nouns, place names, etc. applies only to "made-up names" and not for "fantasy-derived" names. Brigantia also claims that Laurel either changed the rule or "misinterpreted" it and in either case the name must be registered. However, the position that the existence of a name in a piece of fiction from a pre-technological era automatically compels acceptance by the College is contrary to a long tradition in the College of Arms. Indeed, as Latimer and Frederick of Holland (who had the advantage of being around "at the beginning") have noted, this is one of the oldest "allowances" and is restrictive rather than permissive. In other words, it was placed in the rules at the time to prohibit certain forms of fantasy names, not to legitimize fantasy names as a category. Indeed, the wording of the current rules specifically says that fantasy names may be accepted, not that they must be and there is a long tradition of requiring proof of compatibility for the use of such names. For as long as we can remember, names drawn from fantasy have had to obey other strictures (e.g., the ban on names which include titles or claims of rank) and this clearly is still the case. On the basis of Brigantia's thesis, the College would be required to register "Smurf", if an enterprising fantasy writer named one of his or her characters that (formally or informally). Somehow we doubt that is what is intended!

KINGDOM OF MERIDIES

Atalanta di Milano. Device. Azure, a stag's head erased argent, collared gules, armed, within an orle of fleurs-de-lis, on a chief embattled Or, three four-petalled roses proper. The use of the fleurs-de-lis in orle here on the azure field creates precisely the appearance of a field azure, semy-de-lis Or, upon which the stag's head has been placed. As this field is not permitted in the Society due to its close association with the royalty of France, the submission must be returned. There was also a general feeling that the device could be simplified quite a bit. Note that the roses on this device are not standard roses which would have five petals and barbing between each petal: they appear more like red dogwood blossoms (was this what the submittor intended?). If she really wishes red roses, they should be properly drawn. Several of the commentors still felt uncomfortable with the use of Atalanta and a stag's head. However, the bulk of opinion was that this did not pass the boundaries of presumption if this is the only allusion to the myth of Atalanta in the device.

Bronwyn Anchoret Selwyn. Device. Gules, an anchor argent, environed of a grape vine vert, fructed purpure, between two escallops, all within a bordure Or. Viewing the emblazon, it was the sense of the meeting that the identifiability of the vine, which is an essential portion of the design, was seriously diminished by amount of green which lies on the field. While the two grape bunches do lie on the anchor in the emblazon, the identifying leaf portions of the vine lie almost entirely on the gules field. Additionally, the vine adds an extra level of complexity of tincture and design that is, as Green Anchor put it, "awfully busy".

Daniel O'Neill. Change of name from holding name of Daniel of An Dun Teine. As Crescent has noted, this is in direct conflict with the name of Daniel O'Neill. While it is true that the English Civil War and the Restoration are "outside our period", this favourite of Charles II is not exactly obscure to those familiar with those eras.

Francis of Aaron Isles. Household name for House Aaron Isles. As Crescent has noted NR21 specifically bars household names which differ by only a "minor spelling variation" from a well-known place name. There is no doubt that the Aran Isles are extremely well-known, even outside the large cadre of Celtophiles that exists in the Society: the popularity of Aran-style knitted garments assures that! It was our considered opinion that this is indeed a variation of that name which differs in only a minor degree in orthography and not at all in pronunciation, given the usual American pronunciation of "Aaron" and "Aran".

Gwenivere Perreal Smythe. Device. Per fess potenty vert and pean, in chief a sun between in fess two broad arrows, in base a horse couchant reguardant Or, environed of a rose vine vert, budded gules. This device is excessively complex. There is a low contrast complexly divided field, four different types of charge in a non-standard arrangement and, to push the whole thing over the edge, the detail of the rose vine in which the horse is entrapped, which is nearly unidentifiable, even though most of it does lie on the horse and so has reasonable contrast.

William of Wroxeter. Device. Vert, a bend argent between a lion rampant Or and three crosses crosslet fitchy argent. Conflict with Hayton ("Vert, a bend argent.", as cited in Papworth), Annalind Airamid the Healer ("Vert, on a bend argent, a caduceus palewise vert between a sprig of white willow and a foxglove slipped and leaved palewise proper."), Olaf the Maedi Ogre ("Vert, on a bend argent, a battle-axe gules."), etc.

KINGDOM OF THE OUTLANDS

Avram the Jew. Name only. After much consideration, we decided that this does conflict with that "Abraham the Jew". (There was a lot of discussion of the patriarch Abraham at this meeting. . .)

Joella of Blue Lion's Keep. Household name for Claw Legion. Conflict with the "Claw Legion" from the Battle Tech role-playing game, cited by Habicht.

Outlands, Kingdom of the. Badge for the King's Bard. Vert, a harp Or surmounted by a trefoil slipped argent, all within a bordure embattled Or. We had to agree with Habicht that this was visually really too close to the famous arms of Ireland ("Vert, a harp Or."), particularly in view of the fact that the additions are a bordure (a standard cadency mark) and a trefoil (a.k.a. shamrock).

Outlands, Kingdom of the. Badge for the Order of the Stag's Heart. Vert, a stag argent, unguled, armed and salient through a heart voided, all within a bordure embattled Or. Although there was considerable sentiment in the College of Arms in favour of this submission, after a long and careful examination of the emblazon we could not consider this compatible with the standards of period style which the College has in the past presented to the Society (especially for group armoury). In the cover letter to the March, 1989, letter of acceptances and returns, voiding and fimbriation of ordinaries which could be placed in the center of the shield was allowed. The heart here is not an ordinary. Were this the only anomaly, the issue of complexity and style would be much dicier. However, joined to the voided heart is the design which depends on the beast "doing a circus stunt" as one staff member described it, i.e., jumping through the heart. This posture inevitably obscures some of the identifying features of both the stag and the heart, since the head and antlers of the stag overlie the indentation of the heart to chief. Thus the shape of the upper portion of the heart is obscured and, since the Or antlers lie largely along the Or curve of the heart, so are the identifying antlers.

Rosemary of the Woods. Device. Argent, on a chevron sable between three sprigs of rosemary vert, three butterflies displayed argent. Visual conflict with Anthea MacGillivray of Cairnagad ("Argent, a chevron sable between two sprigs of rowan vert, fructed gules, and a lynx in summer phase sejant erect proper perched on a horn fesswise."). The fructing is too minor a detail to carry the foliage in chief clear to the point that we could feel comfortable with this after a comparison of the emblazons.

Stefan Laskowski. Change of device. Gules, a tau cross, doubly crossed and footed, argent. While the use of variants of ordinaries and other charges in the Polish manner is a reasonable usage (so long as the variant is susceptible of adequate description). However, since complete difference of charge is not possible between variants of a cross, this particular design unfortunately runs afoul of conflicts, including Crosse ("Gules, a cross potent argent.", cited in Papworth), as well as the arms of Switzerland ("Gules, a cross couped.").

KINGDOM OF TRIMARIS

Annick-Maryse Zoe Genevieve La Fee. Name and device. Gyronny argent and sable, a sea-unicorn erect azure between in pale an increscent and a fleur-de-lis counterchanged. There were multiple problems with the name, so many that we felt that a modified form acceptable to the submittor could not be devised without consultation. The form "Annick" does not appear in the copies of Yonge that we could examine. Similar forms such as "Annika" are diminutives which are currently not registered by the College. The form "Maryse" was documented only from Evelyn Wells who is a notoriously poor source and we were unable to find support for it in French sources, either as an independent name or as a form of "Marie". Finally, the form "La Fée" means "the Fairy" and has previously been returned as a claim to non-human origin. Although the submittor indicated that this was a name of geographic origin (from "Feez" which we could not find --- "Fez" would not produce the same forms), the form with the simple article seems always to be associated with the fairy folk, as Crescent has noted. The device is really not period style with three unrelated charges floating on a complex field. Note that the two secondary charges are rendered almost unidentifiable because of their small size and the counterchanging.

Breuse Hartwood. Device. Per bend vert and sable, a bend argent between a cross crosslet flory and a phoenix Or. Conflict with William of Monmouth ("Per bend vert and purpure, a bend argent between a demi-sun issuant from sinister chief and a compass star Or.").

François le Renard. Device. Sable, in pale an arm embowed, issuant from chief and maintaining an hourglass palewise argent, sanded gules, and two swords in saltire argent. Conflict with Bollingford ("Sable, two swords in saltire argent.", cited in Papworth, p. 1107). Note that the arm and hourglass configuration issuant from chief is poor style.

Guillaume le Chypriot ap Taliesynne. Badge. A stag's head cabossed proper, its tines surmounted by a wooden three-branched candelabrum proper. There are several problems with this, the most immediately striking is the overuse of proper here. If the stag's head is changed to a standard heraldic tincture, conflicts with mundane and Society heraldry arise. As it is, this is very close to the emblem of St. Hubert, as Habicht has noted.

Hafgan ap Bleiddudd. Name only. By the submittor's own documentation, the given name is that of a king of the Welsh underworld. As no commentor has been able to find any evidence that this name was used by any human in period, it may not be used in the Society.

Johan Bjoerinson. Name and device. Per pall gules, azure and purpure, on a plate between two axes palewise, blades outwards and hafts embowed outwards, argent, a bear's pawprint sable. No documentation was provided for "Bjoerin" as a given name or form of a given name. We suspect that White Stag is correct in stating that the submittor may have heard the early genitive form "Bjarnar" for "Bjorn" and miscopied it, the more so since he clearly playing on the bear motif, but he allows no changes to his name so we cannot modify it. This would force the return of the device, but that has some problems of its own. The combinations of anomalous elements render this non-period style. Without getting into the issue of pawprints as design elements in period, the three-coloured per pall division and the "bent" axes which are vital to the suggested design are enough to justify the return of the device.

Katsushika Michinaga. Device. Sable, a demi-tortoise issuant from the base of a great wave and naiant into its curve, all within a hexagon voided argent. Conflict with Akagawa Yoshio ("Sable, a hexagon voided within another argent.").

Robin of Berkshire. Device. Quarterly argent and azure, an antelope statant gules within a bordure compony argent and azure. Unfortunately, this gorgeous device has to be returned due to the ban on the use of compony borders where one or both tinctures are of the tincture of the field. Using a plain tincture such as gules would resolve this.

Zaida bint Al-Gassal. Name only. No documentation was provided for the byname nor was there any translation of the byname (required by the rules) to give the commentors a clue as to what name or epithet the submittor was truly aiming for (suggestions ranged from"the washerwoman" to "the gazelle"!).

KINGDOM OF THE WEST

None.

THE FOLLOWING SUBMISSION IS PENDED:

KINGDOM OF MERIDIES

Unfortunately, the badge was misblazoned on the letter of intent in such a manner as to disguise completely the fact that it was fieldless. As many of the commentors made the assumption from the device that the underlying field was azure and presumably tested this for conflict only on that basis, this submission is pended to the August meeting for further comment.

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Last Updated $Date: 2004/05/20 21:00:51 $ GMT