THE FOLLOWING SUBMISSIONS HAVE BEEN ACCEPTED AND REGISTERED:

ANSTEORRA

Annes Clotilde von Bamburg. Badge for House Starfire. Or, on a pomme a compass star Or, a bordure rayonny gules.

This was pended from the April meeting. The household name was registered Sept 90.

AN TIR

Angharad Gwendraeth o Fynydd Blaena. Alternate persona name and badge for Angharad Windhorse. Per bend sinister sable and argent, a horse's head erased counterchanged crined gules.

The submitter's current alternate persona name Severin Blackrose, and her current badge (Argent, two swords inverted crossed in saltire between in pale a crown and a garden rose sable), are released.

Much of the commentary opposed the byname Windhorse as overly fantastical ("horse that runs on the wind"). Were that the only interpretation of the epithet, I'd agree it would be unacceptable. Ekwall's Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place Names, however, also cites wind as a variant of OE winn, "meadow, pasture" (as in such names as Windley and Windridge), and "meadow horse" is a much less objectionable byname.

Astrid of Flanders. Name.

Corwin Falcone. Alternate persona name for Abu Nur Rustam ibn Abdallah.

Ellisif Arngunnardottir. Device. Or, two ravens close respectant sable maintaining between them a crescent gules, all within an orle sable.

Please ask the submitter to draw the orle narrower.

Emeric of Pevensey. Device. Per saltire sable and gules, on a chevron cotised argent three martlets sable.

Ian of Ashton. Name.

James Falconbridge. Name and device. Per bend sinister sable and azure, a bend sinister Or, overall a clenched sinister gauntlet aversant argent.

This is probably the least identifiable posture for a hand, glove or gauntlet; it's currently acceptable for SCA use, but only barely. Such charges were normally apaumy in period.

Kiara o Ddinas Emrys. Name (see PENDED for device).

St. Kiara was a female Irish saint, c. 680, according to Butler's Lives of the Saints; the name might also be considered an anglicization of the Irish feminine name Ceara (ó Corráin & Maguire 50). The byname was submitted as oddi Dinas Emrys, but the Welsh particle oddi is inappropriate in a personal name; we've substituted o (with the toponymic mutated accordingly).

Margaret Anne Julia Penrose. Name and device. Per pale wavy sable and gules, a quill pen and a rose slipped and leaved within a bordure wavy argent.

The dexter charge was submitted as "an ostrich feather", but we simply couldn't pass up the cant.

Maryam al-Baghdadi. Name change (from Mary of Leigh).

Mielikki Kantelensoittajatar. Name.

This was submitted as Mielikki Kanteletar, with the claim that the byname was Finnish for "lady harper". Unfortunately, its meaning is closer to "female zither" -- not the musician, but the instrument itself. Kanteletar is also the name of a collection of epic Finnish poetry; as such, it's not necessarily acceptable, any more than John Iliad or Mary Elder Edda would be.



In Finnish, soittaja is both the noun meaning "musician" and a suffix meaning "-player", modifying the genitive of the instrument's name. Thus harppu (harp), piano (piano), and torvi (trumpet) become harpunsoittaja (harpist), pianonsoittaja (pianist), and torvensoittaja (trumpeter), respectively. (Examples are from Wuolle's Suomalais-Englantilainen Sanakirja.) We have used the same suffix, suitably feminized, with the kantele or Finnish zither, to give the submitter her desired meaning.

Miriel Tobin. Name.

Raoul Delaroche. Name and device. Per pale sable and Or, a shakefork between two roundels in base counterchanged.

Please have the submitter drawn the shakefork a bit thicker henceforth.

Rognvald the Stout Hearted. Name.

Sigelhundas, Shire of. Name and device. Azure, two talbots salient respectant argent supporting in chief a sun Or charged with a laurel wreath vert.

The name was submitted as Segelehundas, which was grammatically incorrect. We have corrected the grammar, and used a less variant spelling of "sun" to avoid confusion with segel "sail". (Though that alternate meaning provides some wonderful opportunities for canting badges.)

Some commenters wondered whether the name's meaning was reasonable, but given such Anglo-Saxon terms as sigelwaras "sun-men" (their term for Ethiopians), we saw no reason not to accept the construction. The Saxons probably would have used the term to refer to African dogs, not to the refraction of sunlight by ice crystals in the upper atmosphere, but I suspect the submitters know that.

Simon von der Eisenhandlung. Device. Paly bendy argent and sable, a set of scales gules.

Sören Nordjyllander. Change of holding name (from Christopher of Atenveldt).

This was not a new submission, as stated in the LOI, but a change of a holding name. His previous submission of this name was returned on the LoAR of July 89, p.2, for lack of documentation. He has now provided that documentation.

Note that the byname does not mean "Northlander", but rather "man from North Jutland".

Suleyman Khayam. Household name for Maison du Corsaire Rouge.

Vergil William de Comyn. Badge. Per pale and per chevron vert and Or, a fool's head affronty proper capped and collared sable within a bordure counterchanged.

This is the "silly" form of his registered device, Per pale and per chevron vert and Or, a fleur-de-lys sable within a bordure counterchanged.

Wilgar Aelfsige. Name and device. Sable, on a saltire nowy argent a hand sable, in base a mullet argent.

ATENVELDT

Egan Blackwolf. Device. Argent goutty de sang, a ram-horned wolf rampant contourny guardant purpure.

This was pended from the April meeting.

ATLANTIA

Alain ap Dafydd. Device. Or, on a bend sinister vert three arrows fesswise Or, in chief a longbow reversed sable.

Arrows fesswise have their points to sinister by default, just as arrows palewise have their points to base.

Alan Quentin Garretson. Device. Per bend sinister sable and gules, on a bend sinister embattled counter-embattled argent between two fleurs-de-lys Or, two double-headed turtles palewise vert.

Alisaundre Rotbertus. Name.

Alys of Foxdale. Device. Vert, on a fess between three trees argent, a fox passant gules.

Angarat O'Shannon. Name.

Antonius of Cres. Name and device. Per pale wavy sable and argent ermined gules, a double bitted axe argent and another sable.

Berwyn of Kerry. Name and device. Argent, a frame saw and on a chief azure three trees blasted and couped argent.

The name was submitted as Berwyn á Kerry. Since Kerry is the anglicized form of the Irish Ciarraí, we have substituted the English preposition.

Briana Morgan of the Valley. Name and device. Vert, on a bend sinister between a dragon rampant contourny and another rampant, each maintaining a lyre Or, a rose vine vert flowered gules.

Turning a charge to sinister does not change its type, either technically or visually. These dragons are identical charges for the purposes of Rule X.4.j.ii. This therefore does not conflict with Amber of Oakden (SCA), Vert, a bend sinister Or, in bend three acorns bendwise sinister counterchanged; change of type of tertiary here yields a CD.

Briana Morgan of the Valley. Alternate persona name for Brian Michael of the Valley.

Brighid Aileen O'Hagan. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Bronwen O'Riordan. Name (see RETURNS for device).

The name was submitted as Bronwen ó Riordáin. We have replaced the purely Irish patronymic with a later form, one that is anglicized (so fits better with the given name) and is a familial surname in use by both sexes. See the cover letter for a fuller discussion of the issues involved with Irish surnames.

Cailean MacKendrick. Name and device. Azure, a wolf statant and on a chief wavy argent a branch of holly fructed proper.

Christian of Carmichael. Name and device. Argent, a thistle and on a chief azure three frets conjoined Or.

Conan Mac Arthur. Name and device. Per saltire argent and Or, a rose gules barbed vert, on a chief sable, three pairs of swords inverted in saltire argent.

Please have the submitter draw the rose much larger in the future -- about twice as large.

Cynan ap Rhys Goch. Name.

Dananir bint Khalil. Name.

Deryk Balthasar Symonds. Device change. Ermine, a winged boar passant, wings addorsed sable, a bordure counter-ermine.

His current device (Gyronny Or and azure, a winged boar passant, wings elevated and addorsed sable, a bordure counterchanged, registered Feb 92) is released.

Dulcinea of Egypt. Household name and badge for Fine an Rotha Dheirge. (fieldless) A wheel gules semy of gillyflowers Or.

In my judgment, the gillyflowers are a true semy, not a detail of construction. This is therefore clear of such armories as Aschenberg (Rietstap), Or, a wheel gules.

Eduard Halidai. Badge. (fieldless) An ermine spot lozengy purpure and argent.

The ermine spot is considered a single charge, and is acceptable for fieldless badges. Do please instruct the submitter on the correct way to draw the lozengy division, and the ermine spot as well.

Eiríkr Fence Splitter. Name.

While this is registerable, perhaps you could suggest to the submitter a more authentic byname: e.g. Trandill ("split-stick"), or Timbrklofandi ("timber-splitter").

Fridrich Eisenhart. Badge. (fieldless) On a heart per pale azure and Or, two blackletter I's counterchanged.

The heraldic heart is considered a heart, not a medium for armorial display (in the way an inescutcheon would be).

Gareth MacBride. Name and device. Argent, two scarpes gules, overall a tower sable.

Grethfurth Wulfstan. Name change (from Grethfurth of Tavasalama).

The given name was registered in the above form, not Grethferth as on the LOI.

Isabella Catharini. Name and device. Purpure, on a bend cotised argent three irises purpure.

It was the consensus of the meeting that this name does not conflict with Isabella Contarini; the two are aurally similar, but by my predecessor's "Auda/Ali test", they seemed to be clear.

Ivar Ulfsson. Name and device. Per bend sinister sable and argent, two chess pawns and a bordure counterchanged.

Jaelle of Armida. Badge. (fieldless) A snail guardant contourny argent.

Against Schneckhaus (Siebmacher, plate 72), Gules, a snail-shell argent, there are CDs for fieldlessness and type of charge.

James le Crane. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Katrine the Outlandish. Name change (from Katrine Stürzenhoffaktor).

Note to Lady Golden Heart: Yes, the submitter was originally from the Outlands.

Mary of Cres. Name.

Mellilah bint Jamil. Name.

Nicholas Merrick. Name and device. Checky gules and argent, a crossbow and on a chief sable, three elfbolts inverted argent.

Randvér of Ravens Mountain. Name.

Sarra Mary Heryngton. Name.

Ulfr inn Berserkr. Badge. (fieldless) A winged sledge-hammer displayed argent.

CAID

Andreu Pedley. Name and device. Per saltire azure and Or, in pale two drawn bows and arrows pointing to sinister Or, and in fess two fox's masks gules.

Ariel Giboul des Montagnes. Name and device. Per bend dovetailed purpure and argent, two quill pens bendwise counterchanged.

The dovetailed line is currently allowed, as compatible with period practice. We grant it no difference from embattled or raguly, however.

Beatrice Sant'Anastasia Silvani. Name.

Brian Sebastian Aldobrandi. Name and device. Azure, a bull salient reguardant and on a chief argent a chain sable.

Brion O'Cuirc. Name correction (from Brion O'Cuire) and device. Purpure, a double-bitted axe between in base two towers Or.

The name was originally submitted and discussed as O'Cuirc; the form registered Oct 91 contained a typo.

Against John of Two Towers (Purpure, in fess two towers Or), the addition of the axe brings this clear by Rule X.1. We've amended the blazon to make clear that the axe is indeed primary, and the towers secondary.

Elyramere of Tymbrelyne Heyghts. Household name for Wyvern Heyghts, and badge; held jointly with Sean Vuibhearn. (fieldless) A wyvern statant reguardant argent atop a three-peaked mountain couped vert.

If Heyghts is considered the designator (equivalent to House), then Wyvern is the substantive element here, and this is clear of Wyvernwood and Wyvern Cliff: their substantive elements are wood and Cliff, respectively. If Heyghts is not the designator (i.e. not transparent, but an integral part of the name), this is still clear, for changing the substantive element from Heights to wood or Cliff respectively.

See the cover letter for a discussion on the registration of joint badges.

Federico Arcière dal Fióre. Name (see RETURNS for device and badge).

Geoffrey le Dragon. Name and device. Per pale purpure and argent, three chevronels and in chief two dragons passant counterchanged argent and vert.

Henry Forlong de Falconhurst. Name and device. Azure, a Catherine's wheel and on a chief argent three hurts.

Janet of Western Seas. Holding name (see RETURNS) and device. Or semy of torteaux, a holly leaf and a bordure engrailed vert.

This was submitted under the name Catherine Elizabeth Holly Winthrop of Lincolnshire. Please instruct the submitter to add a stem to her holly leaf.

Kateline de Hawkesford. Name and device. Barry wavy argent and purpure, a shamrock between three descrescents vert.

Kenny Rhys Cowan. Name and device. Per bend sinister Or and vert, a phoenix vert rising from flames gules and a lion dormant Or.

The name was submitted as Kenna Rhys Cowan, with Kenna derived from the Scots surname MacKenna. However, that surname is MacCionaodha in Gaelic, with Cionaodha in the genitive form. The nominative is Cionaodh, which is better anglicized Kenny or Kinney.

Laura Heredia de Castile. Name and device. Vert, a sea-horse contourny between six mullets in annulo, a bordure argent.

Layla al-Khadijah al-Khayzuran. Name and device. Per saltire sable and gules, on an hourglass Or a spider sable.

The name was submitted as Layla Khadijah al-Khayzuran. The middle element, being an epithet, was given an article to accord with Arabic naming practice.

Mærwynn Arundel of Gwynedd. Name.

Marina Zanne. Device. Per pale gules and sable, two ram's heads couped respectant and a bordure Or.

Meghan Fiona Paget. Name and device. Azure, a bend sinister argent, in bend three dragonflies bendwise sinister counterchanged.

Meghan Fiona Paget. Badge. (fieldless) A dragonfly bendwise sinister azure.

Nice badge.

Padraig MacCormaig. Name and device. Gules, a bend sinister between two towers, a bordure embattled Or.



Raven of Heronsmarsh. Device. Or, a raven volant, wings addorsed sable and a base wavy azure, all within a bordure purpure.

Her previous submission was returned Sept 91 for having the raven in trian aspect. This redrawing corrects that problem. While ravens were most often emblazoned in period with hairy feathers, that problem was not noted on her previous submission. Moreover, in early heraldry, ravens were sometimes drawn with sleek feathers: v. the arms of Corbet in Foster's Dictionary of Heraldry, p.51. It would be a kindness, however, to instruct the submitter on the best way to draw her raven henceforth.

Sarra Hrafnhildr. Device change. Per chevron counter-ermine and argent, two scimitars in chevron, edges to chief argent, and a raven sable.

Her current device (Per chevron counter-ermine and argent, two shuttles fesswise argent and a raven sable) becomes a badge.

Tonwen ferch Gruffudd Aur. Name and device. Vert, a chevron embattled erminois between three griffin's heads erased Or.

Lovely!

Yakub of Rzeszow. Name.

CALONTIR

Alvira MacDonald. Name.

Alvira appears acceptable as a variant form of the Spanish Elvira. I'm told that Spanish/Scots interaction, like Spanish/English, was not inconsiderable in the 16th Century, so the name is not beyond the bounds of reason.

Bevin O'Sullivan. Device change. Or, three crescents in pale sable between two flaunches vert.

Her current device (Vert, two piles and a pile inverted argent, overall a seahorse Or) is released.

The in-pale placement of the crescents is not forced by adding the flaunches; this therefore does not conflict with Hodges (Papworth 599), Or, three crescents sable.

Brayden Avenel Durrant. Name change (from Braden Avenel Durrant) and badge. (fieldless) A natural tiger passant guardant gules, gorged of a coronet, sustaining a sun Or.

According to Lady Harpy, the surname Braden (derived, like the submitter's previous name, from the given name Bradán) was rendered Braiding in 1649. (Black 96) That suggests that Braiden -- and hence Brayden -- is not an unreasonable anglicization of Bradán.

The blazonry term sustaining is used when an animate charge (e.g. a lion) is holding another charge of comparable size. The term supporting could be used as well, but sustaining has this virtue: it's a known period term, used in the arms of Winstone, Per pale gules and azure, a lion rampant argent sustaining a tree eradicated vert. The coat is found as the second quartering of Sir William Cecil (b.1520), Queen Elizabeth's main counsellor. (Bossewell's Workes of Armorie, 1572, fo.107; Wagner's Historic Heraldry of Britain, p.67.)

Either sustaining or supporting will be used when a "held" charge is of comparable size to the beast holding it; maintaining will continue to be used when the held charge is of negligible heraldic difference.

Conor O'Cuinn. Name.

Dillon ap Dillon. Name change (from Dillon ap Llawr).

Duncan Alaric MacDonald. Name and device. Sable, a pine tree argent, trunked and between in chief two lightning bolts in chevron Or.

There is a CD between an oak tree and a pine tree, bringing this clear of Morewood (Papworth 1114), Sable, a tree argent fructed Or.

See the cover letter for a discussion on Mon. Against Nishio (Hawley), Dark, a pine tree light, we now get one CD for fieldlessness (tincturelessness), and another for the charges in chief.

Genevieve Penrose. Name.

Gwennan nic Ailpein an Locha Seile. Name change (from Gwennan nic Ailpein of Loch Shiel) and device. Vert, a distaff between two flaunches Or.

The name was submitted as Gwennan nic Ailpein na Loch Shiel. We have corrected the grammar of the Scots construction, including using the Scots name of the lake (instead of the English name).

Against Rhiannon of Lindmyr (SCA), Vert, a squirrel sejant erect, tail cowed, between two flaunches Or, the current version of Rule X.2 applies to primaries between flaunches. See the LoAR cover letter of 16 Oct 90.

Iliya Sergievna Raznoschikova. Name.

Learbhean ó Maoil Eoin. Name.

Luther Stahlkrieger. Name.

The simple byname Stahl had the same connotation in period as the submitted form. Could you perhaps interest the submitter in a more authentic epithet?

Mary of Forgotten Sea. Holding name (see RETURNS) and device. Per saltire purpure and vert, an apple between four fleurs-de-lys in cross Or.

This was submitted under the name Bronwyn ferch Arial. Please instruct the submitter to draw her charges larger -- most especially the fleurs-de-lys.

Raffe Pencestre. Device. Gyronny argent and sable, three crosses formy within a bordure counterchanged.

Against Alycanna Morgaine (Gyronny argent and sable, three quatrefoils counterchanged), there are CDs for type of primary and the addition of the secondary. Moreover, a comparison of the emblazons convinced us there was no visual conflict: Alycanna's quatrefoils are rounded enough to be distinct from crosses formy, even with complex counterchanging.

Rhiannon Elizabeth Greywald. Name and device. Sable, a saltire gules fimbriated between four torches argent.

The given name was submitted as Rihanna. No one could document Rihanna, as a variant spelling of Rhiannon or anything else. We've substituted the more common form of the name.

EAST

Aelfric of Sarisberie. Device. Ermine, on a pall inverted between three compass stars vert a compass star Or.

Balin Catherwood. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Caryl Olesdatter. Name and device. Per bend vert and Or, two lyres counterchanged.

Caryl is the submitter's mundane given name. The byname was submitted as Olsdottir; we have substituted the documented Danish form. Nice device!

Ceallach Chas. Name and device. Ermine, a wolf statant contourny sable and a chief azure.

The byname was submitted as Cas, which should mutate following a feminine noun. We've corrected the grammar.

Damiano d'Alessandro. Name.

Duncan Kieran. Name and device. Quarterly vert and Or, in bend two rabbits rampant guardant, attired of stag's antlers, argent.

Several commenters noted a possible appearance of quartered armory here, particularly since the first and fourth "quarters" are very close to the recent device submission of a member of the College of Arms. However, the Rules specifically permit this motif as one of those that can use a quarterly field without being considered marshalling. Rule XI.3.b states that the "charged sections must all contain charges of the same type", which applies to this submission. It's unimportant that two of the quarters are uncharged: the SCA College of Arms has never considered plain, single-tincture fields to be worthy of protection, nor a consideration in marshalling.

Finally, we should grant the same consideration to a herald's armory as to any other armory we protect. To paraphrase Lord Green Anchor, if we'd accept this with Gules, an eagle argent (Poland) as the first and fourth quarters, we should accept it when a herald's armory fills those quarters. That two of the quarters are close (not identical) to a senior herald's device submission is irrelevant (except, perhaps, insofar as it happens to be in the College's collective mind at the moment). Besides, the herald's submission was returned.

In short, this design motif is not considered marshalling; so long as other restrictions are met (e.g. no more than one charge per quarter, etc.) it should be acceptable for SCA use.

Dur of Hidden Mountain. Device. Per chevron throughout sable and argent, on a chief argent four crosses, each within and conjoined to a mascle sable.

FYI: His name was registered 13 Feb 83. Though the LOI treated this as a new device, it's actually a resubmission at the Laurel level; his previous submissions were returned 14 June 81 and 13 Feb 83 for non-heraldic style and (in the latter case) mundane conflict.

Dyan of Caledonia. Name.

Dyan is the submitter's mundane middle name. When the mundane middle name is a given, not a surname, it can be used as the SCA given name per Rule II.4.

Elizabeth Curwen. Device. Azure, a fret and on a chief embattled argent, a raven rising, wings addorsed, sable.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the fret issuant from the corners of the chief.

Fatima Isabella Villalobos. Device. Purpure, three piles Or, each charged with a grenade proper.

Ievan ap Myrddin. Name.

John of Thescorre. Holding name (see RETURNS) and device. Or, a griffin couchant sable and a chief embattled pean.

This was submitted under the name Liam ó Dubhghaill. Please ask the submitter to draw his griffin's wings separate from its body, so they may be identified.

Joseph Peschur. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Kellen Oddsdottir. Device. Azure, a demi-sun Or issuant from a cloud argent, within a bordure engrailed argent estoilly azure.

Maria Pi knep ótno. Name and device. Azure, a phoenix between three woolpacks argent.

Submitted as Maria Pieknaputno, we have corrected the grammar of the byname. See the cover letter for a discussion on Mon. Against Seki (Hawley 50), Dark, a phoenix light, we now get one CD for fieldlessness (tincturelessness) and another for adding the secondary charges.

Morgan Nightbear. Device. Per fess argent and azure, a longbow fesswise and a bear passant counterchanged.

Oriana Vitale della Fonda. Name change (from Oriana della Fonda).

Richard Francis Roland. Name.

Rosamund d'Alewareton. Device. Per pale argent and vert, a horse courant and in chief two roses counterchanged sable and argent.

Lord Leveret has suggested countercolored to describe a charge counterchanged in tinctures other than the field's. I have never seen that term actually used in blazon; whereas in Scots heraldry, it is perfectly correct to say, e.g. Per pale X and Y, a mullet counterchanged W and Z. This style of blazon is fine. (Franklyn & Tanner, p.90)

Stephen of the Wilds. Name.

Tatjana vom Hülst. Name change (from Tatjana von Adlerheim).

Submitted as Tatjana von Hülst, we have corrected the grammar.

William of Barnsdale. Name.

MIDDLE

Aaron de Hameldene. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Angus Ulrich. Name.

Aylwin Rhys. Name.

Brigit de Lacy. Name.

Bronwyn ferch Gwyn ap Rhys. Device reblazon. Per pale azure and gules, a tabby cat sejant guardant and on a chief Or three hawk's bells azure.

When the device was registered Aug 88, the cat was blazoned as a "tabby cat... proper". This was an error: tabby cats have no defined proper coloration. The Simon & Schuster Guide to Cats cites several different tinctures of tabby cat: silver tabby, cream tabby, blue tabby, brown tabby, and red tabby, among others. Without a fixed coloration, it cannot be blazoned "proper".

Fortunately, the gentle stated on her submission form: "Anyone who has ever been around me for any length of time at all knows that I have always had at least one golden tabby cat -- thus the primary charge." Indeed, the cat was originally submitted as Or. I thus feel no regrets in reblazoning it so -- retaining the term tabby as a courtesy and a direction to the artist, with the understanding that it's a form of diapering and contributes no difference.

Bronwyn ferch Gwyn ap Rhys. Badge. (fieldless) Two quill pens in saltire azure surmounted by a tabby cat sejant guardant Or.

As with her device (reblazoned above), there is no defined proper tincture for tabby cats; I've blazoned this one as Or, to match the reblazoned device.

Cassandra of the Western Green. Device. Argent, on a bend sinister bretessed vert between two honeysuckle sprigs gules, slipped and leaved vert, three coneys statant fesswise argent.

Catlin Kavanaugh. Device. Per chevron argent and gules, in chief a winged lion sejant guardant gules.

Cerdic Ball. Name and device. Vert, a hare couchant and on a chief argent three mullets azure.

Please instruct the submitter to limn the leporid larger. Broaden the bunny. Flare the hare......

Ceridwen Maelor verch Gruffydd. Name and badge. Barry wavy azure and argent, a horse's head erased pean crined Or.

Cinaeth mac Lachlan. Device. Per saltire Or and barry wavy argent and azure, in pale two fountains.

Dafydd Gigfran ap Morgan. Name.

Dallán ó Fearchaidhe vom Kirschwald. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Evidently, the Irish were often found on the Continent during the first millenium A.D., as clerks, missionaries, and scholars. Alcuin brought Irish scribes to the university at Aachen, sponsored by Charlemagne; and St. Gall, the founder of the model monastery in Switzerland, was himself Irish, a disciple of St. Columba. An Irish/German name is thus not beyond the bounds of reason.



Dun Fugol. Name and device. Per pale gules and argent, a falcon displayed contourny sable within a bordure counterchanged.

This was blazoned as an eagle, but drawn as a falcon. Eagles have ruffled feathers, and a crest atop the head; falcons are sleekly feathered.

Eda Gwynedd. Device. Azure, a chevron gules fimbriated Or and in chief two bezants.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the fimbriation thicker.

Eithne ni Cheallaigh Thir Chonaill. Name and device. Per bend azure and vert, an Irish harp between three triskeles Or.

Fortunato Drake. Name.

Fujiyama Takamori. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Jararvellir, Barony of. Name and badge for the Order of the Gilded Shell. Azure semy of catfish, an escallop inverted Or.

Jararvellir, Barony of. Name and badge for the Order of the Golden Scales. Or scaly sable, on a fess azure a catfish Or.

Kuji Ka Onimusashi. Name.

Leonardo Rossi. Device. Or, a pall inverted between four rabbits courant two, one, and one azure.

Maria the Traveller. Name.

Marsali Sorcha na Liosa Mòire. Device. Per pale sable and gules, a chevron embattled between three pairs of arrows in saltire Or.

Matheus Arcuarius. Name.

Raphael Eckhart. Name.

Rena Thorbjornsdottir. Device. Argent, in saltire a single-bitted axe and a hammer inverted hafted of a lightning flash gules, a chief embattled azure.

Although presented in the LOI as a new submission, this is in fact a resubmission. Her previous return (LoAR of 18 May 86) also used the lightning-hafted hammer from her father's device, but added enough other borderline practices to bring it outside the scope of the Grandfather Clause. However, the return explicitly stated that "the Grandfather Clause would permit Rena to use her father's arms, unreflected, with the addition of an obvious mark of cadency ... or to incorporate her father's lightning-hafted hammer into a new device." She has taken us at our word.

Richard Kenrick. Device. Gules, two flaunches Or, in fess three hearts counterchanged.

Roelof Doldersum. Name.

Doldersum is a small town in the Netherlands, about halfway between Groningen and Zwolle. (Times Atlas of the World, plate 60)

Timothy of Christchurch. Device. Azure, four mortars and pestles in cross Or within an annulet argent.

Valentina Andreyevna Sokolova Krasnaya. Name and device. Per chevron gules and Or, a chevron between three mullets of four points elongated to base counterchanged.




White Waters, Shire of the. Device. Azure, a mullet of four points within a laurel wreath Or, a chief wavy argent.

TRIMARIS

Cailean mac Duibhdhíormaigh uí Dubhlaoich. Device. Pily bendy sinister Or and sable, a sword gules, on a chief sable a dog courant to sinister, tail nowed Or.

This was pended from the April meeting.

Rhiannon Bjornsdottir. Device. Argent, a fess per fess vert and gules between a dragon passant vert and a leek gules.

This was pended from the April meeting.

WEST

Adair Mac Dermid. Name.

Albreda Wolfkeeper. Name and device. Per pale purpure and gules, a wolf couchant reguardant and on a chief triangular Or a cinquefoil gules.

Aldwin Wolfling. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Anne Chavelle of Silver Oak. Name change (from Anne Chavelle of Vakkerfjell) (see RETURNS for badge).

The LOI did not make clear whether the submitter knew there already exists a House Silver Oak, a prominent ducal household in the northern reaches of Caid. If she doesn't, it would be a kindness to tell her.

Ariel Ebon. Name and device. Per bend argent and Or, a bend azure between a bow bendwise and an oak tree couped sable.

Athena Zahraá Chandari. Device. Argent, on a pale sable between two ivy vines vert, a decrescent argent.

Brid Hecgwiht. Name and device. Argent goutty de sang, a winged hedgehog segreant sable.

This is technically clear of Valentine du Promontoire (Argent ermined gules, an urchin rampant sable), as noted in the LOI. A comparison of the two emblazons convinced us there was also no visual conflict -- though it was very close.

Bridget Brennan. Name.

Charles Ravenstone. Name.

Constance Greystorm. Name and device. Azure, three gouts and a chief invected argent.

Cordelia of Diamond Cove. Name (see RETURNS for device).

David Thames. Name and device. Or, a ship and on a chief embattled sable, three crosses crosslet Or.

Urdy (or champaine) is a period line of division, meant to represent a line of palisades (and thus deriving from the same source as the line on the crown palisado). After some thought, we decided we had to grant a CD between it and embattled. This is therefore clear of Vladimir von Livland (SCA): Or, a lymphad in full sail, on a chief urdy sable three open books argent.

Donata Ivanovna Basistova. Name (see RETURNS for device).

The surname was submitted as Basistov. We have corrected it to the feminine form.

Dorothea de Algarve. Name and device. Azure, a dolphin naiant to sinister argent and a base embattled argent masoned azure.

Dougal Dragon Seeker. Name.

Given that the epithet has been registered within the last year (James the Dragonseeker, Aug 91), it's hard to claim that this name exceeds the Society's current standards. The current case need not even be considered a fantasy epithet: both Dragon and Seeker appear to be period surnames. Dragon is documented in Reaney (DBS2, p.107), and Seeker is a reasonable variant of Seker, Seaker, Seeger (Black 717).

Dregel Alewulf. Name (see PENDED for device)

Edward Falconer of Silver Oak. Name and device. Per pale vert and argent, a falcon striking, a bordure engrailed counterchanged.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the bordure wider.

Edward of Willowwood. Name (see RETURNS for device).

It doesn't seem likely that coalescing willow + wood would cause the initial letter of wood to vanish, any more than with oakwood. We have corrected the spelling of the byname.

Eirik Blackhawk úlfsson. Device change. Ermine, a chevron embattled azure between three mullets of four points elongated to base sable.

His current device (Argent, a chevron embattled azure between three mullets of four points elongated to base sable) is released.

Eleanor Flambard FitzWilliam of Winson. Name.

Eleonor von Lübeck. Name.

Eric Bjarnarson. Release of badge. Per saltire argent and gules, a bear rampant counterchanged.

Esfenn, Shire of. Device change. Per bend sinister Or and gules, a laurel wreath and a bulrush slipped and leaved counterchanged.

Their current device (Per bend sinister engrailed Or and gules, a salmon bendwise sinister naiant embowed to dexter base gules, enfiled of a laurel wreath vert, and a bulrush slipped and leaved Or) is released. This is greatly improved.

Euriol of Lothian. Device. Per bend sinister azure and sable, a pegasus salient to sinister within a bordure engrailed argent.

Finnian MacTaidhg. Name and device. Argent, a badger rampant vert within a bordure embattled azure.

Franz von Adlerberg. Name and device. Sable, two chevronels and on a chief argent an eagle displayed sable.

Gareth of Wyke. Device. Argent, on a cross between in chief two crosses crosslet fitchy vert, a cross voided argent.

This was blazoned on the LOI as a cross cotised. Cotises should not be as wide as the ordinary they surround; their visual weight, as secondaries, should be much less than the primary's. The above blazon is correct for the submitted emblazon.

Gillian FitzGilbert. Name correction (from Gillian Fitzgilbert).

Guthfrith Yrlingsson. Name and device. Sable, an ypotril passant Or, in chief two horned helms argent.

We agree there's a CD between a camel and an ypotril, bringing this clear of Ayesha of the Dancing Camel.

Gwyneth Breila Eurin. Name and device. Per chevron argent and purpure, two thistles proper and a rose Or.

Gwyneth de Afan. Name.

Submitted as Gwyneth D'Afan, the evidence more readily supports the above form.

Ingrid of the Blue Snows. Name and device. Purpure, on a bend between two snowflakes argent, three snowflakes purpure.

There are numerous period examples of bynames of the form of the [noun], and even of the [adjective] [noun]: Götz of the Iron Hand (1480-1562) springs to mind as an example of the latter. Given that, we should continue to accept such names, so long as they aren't complete nonsense.

Ingwild Lundgren of Bearhaven. Name and device. Per pale sable and vert, a rabbit courant within a bordure embattled argent.

The given name was submitted as the Old Norse Ingvildr. Lord Dragon has shown the above form to be an East Norse form of that name; it appears to be closer to what the submitter originally wanted.

Given the registrations of Bjorn Lundgren of Bearhaven and Erik Lundgren of Bearhaven, we would need hard evidence of error before altering the rest of the name.

Isabella di Montefeltro. Device. Azure, a compass star and on a chief Or, three crescents sable.

The "name correction" had already been caught by the Laurel office.

Ivan Ivanovitch Serebrenikov. Name change (from Sean the Tenacious).

Ivone Pons Leyr. Change from holding name of Evadne of Southern Shores.

Jack of Hawk's Bluff. Name and device. Per fess wavy argent and gules, an ass's head issuant from the line of division sable, and three alligators statant argent.

János Mihály. Device. Quarterly argent and azure, a ram's head cabossed Or.

Jennet Mayefaire. Name and device. Or, a three-headed thistle proper, on a chief purpure three fleurs-de-lys Or.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the chief and its fleurs-de-lys larger.

Katherine O'Kelly of Skye. Name and device. Purpure, a pig statant argent and issuant from chief a demi-sun Or.

The byname was submitted as O'Ceallaigh (no fada), which is ungrammatical at the very least. We have substituted the anglicized form O'Kelly, as a later period form used by both sexes (and more closely matching the language of the rest of the name). See the cover letter for a broader discussion on Irish surname style.

The demi-sun is not a chief, and should not intersect the corners of the shield. Please instruct the submitter.

Katla of Bergen. Name and device. Azure, two cats combattant and on a chief triangular argent, three hearts two and one azure.

Kattrin die Wissbegierige Reisende von Tübingen. Device. Azure, a lion sejant erect affronty queue-forchy argent between two torches Or enflamed proper.

Kendric of Black Water. Name and device. Argent, on a bend sinister sable three bezants, a bordure overall counterchanged.

There are a few period examples of overall charges counterchanged: e.g. Alwell, c.1586, Argent, a pile sable, overall a chevron counterchanged. These examples all seem to use ordinaries surmounting ordinaries. I'm perfectly willing to permit overall charges in the SCA to be counterchanged, so long as they too are ordinaries (or charges of similar simplicity, such as roundels).

Kerydd Shay. Name and device. Sable, a chevron cotised between a Celtic cross and an open book argent.

Kiera Lye d'Alessandria. Name (see RETURNS for device).

St. Kiara was a female Irish saint, c.680, according to Butler's Lives of the Saints. Kiera has been accepted as a variant spelling (Kiera nic an Bhaird, April 92). The toponymic was submitted as D'Allesandria; we have corrected the spelling of the Italian.

Krysta of Starfall. Badge. (fieldless) On a gout sable, a double-bitted axe Or.

Laurence Trenton Everett. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Lillian Aileve. Name and device. Vert, on a pale between two lillies argent, a tower purpure.

Lionel Gray the Gallant. Device. Or, on a cross engrailed azure between four hearts gules, a lion rampant maintaining a sword argent.

Lochac, Principality of. Badge (for the Order of the Rowan). (fieldless) A cinquefoil per pale vert and argent.

The Order name was registered May 92. There is indeed a CD between a cinquefoil and a shamrock, bringing this clear of Catriona Muireaghan of Carlingford (SCA), (fieldless) A shamrock per pale vert and argent.

Macha ní Fhearghuis. Name.

Magnus Zwerver. Name and device. Azure, on a pile issuant from sinister base between two compass stars pierced Or, a compass star pierced azure.

The byname was submitted as Vanderman, and was supposed to mean "wandering man" in Dutch. It does not, nor could anyone document it as a surname. The correct Dutch for the meaning he seems to want ("wanderer, rambler, rover") is zwerver. The Dutch wandelaar "walker" was closer in sound, but not in meaning -- and we didn't want to possibly infringe on the name of Magnus the Wanderer, registered Jan 91.

Margarita Catherine di Calvi. Device. Or, three roses in pale proper between flaunches pean.

Margret of Glenkirke. Name and device. Per bend sinister purpure and azure, a bend sinister between two thistles argent.

The byname was submitted as Glenn Kirrke. Neither the double-N nor the double-R were really plausible variant spellings; the two together stretched plausibility to the breaking point. We have substituted a more conventional spelling.

Marie da Serra da Estrela. Device. Sable, on a bend between a compass star elongated to base and a triple-towered castle argent, two compass stars palewise elongated to base sable.

Meridith of Schramberg. Name and device. Or, a pair of shears fesswise, blades to sinister, and a chief embattled azure.

Michael FitzGeoffrey. Name and device. Vert, a Latin cross and on a chief potenty argent, three mullets of eight points pierced gules.

Mikhail Justinian. Badge. (fieldless) A double-bitted axe Or within and conjoined to an annulet argent.

Neil Greenstone. Badge. (fieldless) A double-bitted axe within and conjoined to an annulet Or.

A number of commenters complained about the common use of annulets on fieldless badges, comparing them to bordures on devices (and, in some comments, granting no difference from bordures). I agree that annulets are added to SCA badges for the same reason bordures are added to SCA devices: to provide a quick, easy CD that doesn't greatly change the central design. Beyond that, annulets and bordures are quite different charges: the annulet is always round, where the bordure follows the outline of the display surface. The background shows on both sides of the annulet (even a fieldless badge is usually set against some background), but only on the inside of the bordure. A design may have multiple annulets, but only one bordure. And so forth.

If someone can present evidence that the use of annulets encircling other charges is non-period design, we can discuss the issue again. But as far as conflicts are concerned, an annulet and a bordure are separate charges. This is therefore clear of the device of Adalberon Blackwood (SCA), Sable, a double-bitted axe and a bordure Or. There is no difference for the conjoining or throughoutness of the axe -- but there is a CD for fieldlessness, and a CD for bordure vs. annulet.

Nigel of Ravenglass. Name.

Original Nightshade. Device. Argent, a fret vert, on a chief sable a sword reversed argent.

Peregrine Mac Leod. Name and device. Argent, on a fess between two swords fesswise sable, a dragon passant argent.

Prokop Žižka. Name change (from Roger of Ascalon) and

Classic badge design!

Randel Patrick Gallagher. Device change. Argent trefly azure, in pale a crescent gules and a lion rampant sable.

His current device (Argent trefly vert, in pale a crescent gules and a lion rampant sable) is released.

Raoul de Chenonceaux. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Rebecca fitzRobert. Name and device. Vert, a natural sea-horse contourny Or, a bordure per saltire purpure and argent ermined purpure.

Rebekah of Hillsview. Device. Or, on a saltire purpure a bow and a rebec in saltire Or.

When in combination with a stringed musical instrument, bow is understood to mean a musical bow.

Rhiannon Aslef. Name and device. Per saltire vert and azure, a cat passant to sinister argent.

Ríoghnach MacLeod. Name (see PENDED for device).

Robert Wolfshead. Name and device. Per pale purpure and argent, two decrescents and a wolf's head cabossed counterchanged.

Wolfshead is a period term for an outlaw. If the submitter is unaware of this, he should be told.

Rorius Domhnall Kithwall. Name and device (see PENDED for badge). Per saltire gules and sable, a wavy-tined trident head Or within an orle wreathed Or and vert.

No commenter was comfortable with the argument in the LOI supporting Kithwall. A better case can be made, though: Ekwall cites instances (as well he should) of -wall used as a deuterotheme in English place names (e.g. Thirlwall, from OE thirel, "perforation" + weall, "wall"). Hall's Anglo-Saxon Dictionary gives cith, cyth, "seed, germ, shoot" -- so kithwall means essentially "grassy wall", a reasonable toponymic.

Runwynn of Amberglen. Device. Purpure, a bezant and a gore argent.

Please instruct the submitter to draw a true gore, not a hybrid between a gore and a gusset. [Goreset?]

Sigurd Silfrulf. Device. Azure, on a compass star throughout between four wolves' heads erased argent, a rose sable.

Sihtric Silfrör. Name and device. Gules, an arrow bendwise sinister between a dragon's head couped and another contourny, all within a bordure argent.

The byname was submitted as Silfripil, and was intended to mean "silver arrow" in Old Norse. Following a suggestion by Lord Dragon, we have changed it to a more conventional form.

Dragon's heads couped, like most heads couped, are couped where the neck joins the shoulders. (Otherwise, they'd be couped close.)

Sofiye Darkhawk. Device reblazon. Argent, a wolf statant erect contourny reguardant sable, breathing flames and sustaining a finger ring gules, gemmed azure.

The emblazon shows a finger ring of comparable size to the wolf. By using the period term sustaining, we hope to make that fact clearer from the blazon.

Tamás of Esfenn. Holding name (see RETURNS) and device. Chevronelly argent and vert, two horses salient addorsed within a bordure sable.

This was submitted under the name Tamas of Midian.

While the miniature emblazon on the LOI showed the horses rampant, the emblazon form showed them salient. Please have the submitter draw the bordure wider henceforth.

Thorfinn of Rivenoak. Holding name (see RETURNS) and device. Gules, a boar statant to sinister and a chief potenty argent.

This was submitted under the name Thorfinn Magnisen.

Thorgrímr Gautsson. Name.

Tristram du Bois. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Victor MacCain. Device. Sable, a unicorn rampant to sinister Or, on a chief argent three compass stars gules.

Victoria Josefsdotter Väderskär. Name and device. Per bend sinister gules and Or, a lion's jambe bendwise sinister Or, and a rose proper slipped and leaved bendwise sinister vert.

The patronymic was submitted as Josefdottir. We have corrected the grammar and language.

Zaya Ryzhova. Name.

The byname was submitted as Ryzhov. We have corrected it to the feminine form.


THE FOLLOWING SUBMISSIONS HAVE BEEN RETURNED:

AN TIR

Ivar Hakonarson. Badge. (fieldless) A pike haurient gules.

This conflicts with the arms of Marchin (Rietstap): Argent, a fish haurient gules. There's a CD for fieldlessness, but nothing for type of fish from a generic fish.

Magdalene von Rottweil. Device. Azure, a stag trippant and on a chief argent a grapevine proper fructed purpure.

This conflicts with Bertrand de Molleville (Rietstap): Azure, a stag trippant and a chief argent. There's a single CD, for the tertiaries on the chief.

Torric of Three Mountains. Name change to Torric inn Bjarni (appeal).

The originally submitted name, Torric inn Bjarni, was returned July 91 for using a given name in a phrase that required a common noun. This appeal noted that, in Old Norse, bjorn (Bjorn) is both a common noun meaning "bear" and a given name derived therefrom. Since Bjarni is a given name derived from Bjorn, and since the latter means "bear", then (it was argued) Bjarni must also mean "bear" and be useable as a common noun.

The argument is based on the fallacy that "names have meanings". It's true that many given names are derived from common nouns: some of these are identical to their root nouns (e.g. Victor). But given names only putatively have "meanings"; by their use as names, they are divorced from their derivations. The meaning of the name Thomas is "Thomas; a given name, used by our third President". It no longer can be used as a synonym for "twin".

The fallacy is compounded by assuming that a hypocoristic -- a name derived from a name -- still keeps the same "meaning" as the original form. To use the above example: the common noun victor could be used as an epithet, e.g. John the Victor. The given name Victor has a hypocoristic form, Vic. That does not mean John the Vic is an acceptable name: though Victor may once have meant "victor", vic does not and never did.

The examples in Geirr Bassi of the epithets bjarneyja (bear island) and bjarnvlr (bear warmth) do not support bjarni as a noun. In both those cases, bjarn- is in the genitive case ("of the bear"), not the nominative needed here. The nominative remains björn.

The submitter could be Torric Bjarni, dropping the article and using Bjarni as the given name it is. He could be Torric inn Björn, "Torric the Bear", Torric inn Bjarki, "Torric the Bear Cub", or Torric inna Bjarna, "Torric of the Bears". But without real evidence of bjarni as a common noun, he may not be inn Bjarni. As he permits no changes to his name, this must be returned.

ATLANTIA

Briana ní óda. Device. Argent, an enfield salient to sinister reguardant and biting its tail sable, a bordure embattled gules.

This conflicts with Sofiye Darkhawk (SCA): Argent, a wolf statant erect contourny reguardant sable, breathing flames and sustaining a finger ring gules, gemmed azure. Sofiye's ring is a significant secondary charge; changing it to a bordure is worth a CD. But the main difference between a wolf and an enfield is in the front legs; when one of the beasts is holding a charge with those legs, it becomes impossible to tell the two creatures apart. We cannot give a second CD for type of primary here.

Brighid Aileen O'Hagan. Device. Gules, on a pale wavy between in chief a decrescent and an increscent argent, three mullets azure.

This sort of wavy ordinary, with the waves opposed instead of parallel ("wavy bretessed" instead of "wavy-counter-wavy"), was returned on the LoAR of Dec 91 as a non-period depiction. The strangeness of the motif would have been more obvious here, had the wavy lines been drawn in a bold medieval style; the fact that they weren't contributes to the non-period depiction.

If this is resubmitted with correctly drawn wavy lines, it should be acceptable style. You might also suggest to the submitter that the crescents would be better centered, not in chief.

Bronwen O'Riordan. Device. Argent, a raven rising, wings addorsed sable, on a chief dovetailed azure three portcullises argent.

No one who saw this emblazon could identify the tertiary charges as portcullises. (Guesses ranged from "beehives" to "demi-Goodyear tires affronty".) Portcullises in heraldic art are generally identified by their square grillwork and their dangling chains. Omitting one of those aspects might be dismissed as artistic license; omitting both of them renders the portcullises unidentifiable, and so unregisterable. If this is resubmitted with correctly drawn portcullises, it should be acceptable style.

James le Crane. Device. Argent, on a bend azure between two hawks striking, wings displayed sable, three hearts palewise argent.

This conflicts with the arms of Landrit (Rietstap): Argent, on a bend azure three hearts argent. Orientation alone of tertiaries does not garner a CD under Rule X.4.j.ii.

Thomas Britton. Device. Per pale gules and sable, a lion rampant and on a chief indented argent three lozenges sable.

The indentations of the chief should be much larger: medieval emblazons of indented chiefs normally had three large indents. The submitted "pinking-shear" line has been a reason for return ere now (v. College of Caer Daibhidh, July 90).

CAID

Catherine Elizabeth Holly Winthrop of Lincolnshire. Name.

This name has too many elements to be considered period style. Withycombe (p.xliii) mentions "very rare, isolated examples" of period names with multiple name elements: they grow more common in the late 16th Century, but don't become abundant until the 17th Century. Of those rare instances that do occur, three elements seem to have been the norm: e.g. John William Whytting, c.1386; Robert Browne Lilly, b.1593; Arthur Rous Russhe, b.1564. English names with four elements are so rare in period that I would consider the usage a "weirdness", costing a submitter the benefit of the doubt; and English names with five elements, like this submitter's, I must consider over the edge of acceptability. We might have deleted an element, but it seemed better that the submitter make her own choice.

Federico Arcière dal Fióre. Device. Sable, two arrows in saltire, on a chief argent three roses sable.

The arrows were drawn with barely perceptible points and fletching. Charges must be drawn in their period form (per Rule VII.3), so that they can be identified (per Rule VIII.3). This is especially true when a wrongly drawn charge can be mistaken for some other charge. See the cover letter for a more complete discussion of this issue.

In the case of arrows, if they're not drawn with prominent points and fletching, they become indistinguishable from any other long, skinny charges. As such, this conflicts with Isabeau Jehane (SCA): Sable, two needles inverted in saltire argent threaded Or and on a chief argent three garbs sable. There's one CD for type of tertiaries on the chief, but not another for type of unidentifable long skinny primaries.

If this is resubmitted with correctly drawn arrows, both the style problem and the cited conflict should disappear.

Federico Arcière dal Fióre. Badge. Two arrows in saltire argent surmounted by a rose sable.

As with the submitter's device, the arrows were drawn in an unrecognizable, non-period manner, with miniscule points and fletching. If we wish to make the period distinction, we must insist on the period rendition. While there's no immediate conflict with the badge, as there was with the device, the arrows must still be correctly drawn; did it pass, future submissions would be judged against it.

CALONTIR

Bronwyn ferch Arial. Name.

Arial is not a valid Welsh given name, but a common noun meaning "vigor, liveliness". It must be documented as a given name before it may be used in a patronymic construction. Although Ar- and -ial are Welsh name themes found in Lady Harpy's monograph (Caidan KWHS Proceedings), neither of them is (to quote the monograph) a "substantial" element. Names coined from the themes in that monograph must include a substantial element. (To invent some English equivalents for illustration purposes: if Strong, Black and Spear were name themes, then Strongspear and Blackspear would be fine, but Strongblack would not.) Without documentation, Arial may not be used.

As long as we're returning the name anyway, the submitter should be told that Bronwyn is the masculine form of the name; the feminine form is Bronwen. Please let her know this before she resubmits.

Golden Sea, Shire of. Name.

No evidence of populace support was included with this submission. We usually require a petition, or something equally representative of the popular sentiment, before we register branch names.

Nasir Abd-al-Qanah. Name resubmission and device. Quarterly sable and purpure, a cross bottonny between in chief two camels statant Or.

This gentle's previous name submission (Nasir Abd-al-Kaniel) was returned Sept 91 for lack of documentation on the byname. He has resubmitted it as Abd-al-Qanah -- with exactly the same absence of documentation as before. No support was given for Qanah as the Arabic for "spear" (Lord Clarion's sources translate the latter as harba, harbi); nor was support given for the usage "Servant-of-the-X" applied to anything but one of the attributes of Allah, of which "the spear" does not appear to be included. Without documentation, this must again be returned.

The submitter's name form did not permit any changes that would alter the meaning of his name, so no holding name could be constructed. (Douglas of Golden Sea would certainly change the meaning of the name.) The device must therefore be returned as well.

Percival Beaumont. Device. Per fess gules and sable, on a fess argent a flanged mace gules.

This conflicts with the flags of Syria (Per fess gules and sable, on a fess argent two mullets vert), of Iraq (Per fess gules and sable, on a fess argent three mullets vert), of Yemen (Per fess gules and sable, on a fess argent a mullet vert), and of Egypt (Per fess gules and sable, on a fess argent an eagle Or). In each case there is a single CD for the changes to the tertiary charges.

Against the arms of Blufield (Papworth 708), Per fess gules and sable, a fess argent indented on the under part argent, there is an obvious CD for adding the tertiary charge. Prior Laurel rulings (Nov 90, p.15) have granted no CDs for changes to the lower line only of an ordinary. I'm not certain those rulings are reasonable. Surely, if we grant a CD between, say, a fess and a fess embattled (embattled in chief by definition), then we should grant a CD between a fess and a fess embatted in base; the amount of change is exactly the same. I don't need to decide this point today, thanks to the other conflicts cited here; but commenters should be prepared to debate the pros and cons of the issue, when it arises again.

EAST

Alistair of Avalon. Device resubmission. Azure, a bear's head affronty erased erminois within a mascle of swords proper.

The submitter has changed the bear's head in his device from Or to erminois, to avoid the conflict from his previous submission. Unfortunately, the ermine spots render the bear's head totally unrecognizable. A test of every person at the Laurel meeting (including Laurel staff, spouses of staff, and herald-symps) failed to find one who could identify the bear's head; guesses ranged from "lion's face" to "trilobite". In general, beasts and beast parts should not be of an ermine fur, unless the silhouette is distinctive (as with a lion rampant). The bear's head cabossed does not meet that criterion, and is unidentifiable when erminois. He might consider, say, a bear's head per pale Or and argent.

Balin Catherwood. Device. Gules, a trillium blossom and a chief invected argent, overall a label sable.

The submitted blazon had the label on the chief. In fact it is not: it is overall, lying over the chief and the field. Overall charges are required to have good contrast with the field, not the underlying charge. Additionally, the points of the label tended to obscure the chief's line of division.

If he resubmits with the label entirely on the chief, it should be acceptable.

Joseph Peschur. Device. Vert, a fish naiant pierced by an arrow bendwise inverted Or.

The arrow was drawn with barely perceptible points and fletching. Charges must be drawn in their period form (per Rule VII.3), so that they can be identified (per Rule VIII.3). See the cover letter for a more complete discussion of this issue.

Anent Cathal Sean O'Connlauin (SCA), Vert, a sailfin sculpin naiant proper, a check of his file showed an argent fish with some sable markings. It, and all the other citations of Vert, a fish argent, are clear of this submission with a CD for fish tincture and a CD for the arrow. If he resubmits with a correctly drawn arrow (and assuming no new conflicts are found), there should be no problem.

Juliana Richenda Trevain. Badge; to be held jointly with Yngvar the Dismal. Per pale sable and vert, on a sun argent a decrescent gules.

This conflicts with Ellen Winterbourne (SCA): Gyronny azure and vert, on a mullet of eight points argent an eagle's head erased gules, beaked sable. There's a CD for the field, but no difference between a multi-pointed mullet and a sun; and a single change to the tertiary is not worth a CD in this case, per X.4.j.

Liam ó Dubhghaill. Name.

There are two problems with the name. First, Liam doesn't appear to have been a period diminutive of Uilleam. All the sources that cite Liam do so as a modern diminutive; the period diminutive was Uillec. Without evidence of period use, we can't register Liam.

I would have substituted Uilleam or Uillec here, but for the second problem: This conflicts with William McDougall (1871-1938), a founder of the field of Social Psychology. He has his own entries in the Encyclopedia Britannica and Webster's Biographical Dictionary, so he's important enough to protect. Neither translating into Gaelic nor the patronymic particle is worth difference here, per Rules V.4.b and V.2. Even using the diminutive won't help: per V.4.c, a name gets no difference from its diminutive. (See also the LoAR of March 92, p.13, where this same conflict was called on another submitter named William Dougal.)

Novia the Widow. Device change. Argent vetû sable, a black widow spider displayed proper between four hourglasses gules.

The black widow spider does not appear to have been known to period Europeans. It didn't even get the name until the early 20th Century; and it appears to have been introduced into America in the late 19th Century (from China, according to the best speculations). Without evidence that the black widow spider was known to period Europeans, it may not be registered. This was pointed out in the commentary during the gentle's last submission; it was confirmed (in a separate case) on the LoAR of April 92, p.24.

You might suggest to the lady that, between her current name and device (black spider between red hourglasses), her point comes across well enough.

Tigar of Toddington. Device resubmission. Paly gules and Or, an escallop inverted sable.

This conflicts with the badge of Ceridwen de Bellême, registered April 92: (fieldless) An escallop inverted sable. There's a single CD, for the field.

MIDDLE

Aaron de Hameldene. Device. Sable, on a pale argent a hippopotamus statant contourny azure, overall a mount rayonny counterchanged.

The rayonny line on the mount is not drawn in a bold medieval style, but in a modern "pinking shears" style. This has been a reason for return ere now (v. College of Caer Daibhidh, July 90).

There are a few period examples of overall charges counterchanged: e.g. Alwell, c.1586, Argent, a pile sable, overall a chevron counterchanged. These examples all seem to use ordinaries surmounting ordinaries. I am perfectly willing to permit overall charges in the SCA to be counterchanged, so long as they too are ordinaries (or charges of similar simplicity, such as roundels).

Dallán ó Fearchaidhe vom Kirschwald. Device. Argent, the Chinese character chung gules between flaunches lozengy Or and sable.

While we're generally content to mix-and-match elements from different heraldic regimes, we draw the line at mixing oriental and occidental charges. The College of Arms has frequently restricted the use of charges from Japanese Mon to Mon-style submissions: e.g. the nami or Great Wave, restricted to Mon-style submissions on the LoAR of 25 Feb 83. The use of a Chinese ideogram with lozengy flaunches falls into the same restricted area.

In fact, the whole submission was rife with culture shock: an Irish/German name with a Chinese/Anglo-Norman device. We have accepted the Irish/German name, but the second cultural unorthodoxy on his armory was too much.

Daniel de Lincoln. Device (appeal). Azure, four coneys rampant in cross, heads to center, conjoined by the ears in annulo argent, playing upon bagpipes Or.

This submission was originally returned March 92 for conflict with Kineiland (Papworth 61), Azure, a hare salient argent, round the neck a hunting horn sable stringed gules. The submitter has appealed that return, arguing that there should be a CD for number of coneys, and a CD for posture of more than half the group.

Unfortunately, the appeal misses the point of the original return. One cannot get a CD for adding charges, then another CD for changing the charges just added. This has been an underlying principle of the last three sets of Rules: see the LoAR of 25 Aug 85, p.14, for a full discussion. The difference obtained for adding, say, a bordure engrailed ermine, is exactly the same as for adding a bordure Or. (One does not get a CD for adding the bordure, then a CD for changing its tincture, then another CD for making it engrailed.....)

To use an example closer to the current submission: Between, say, a lion rampant and two lions combattant we get a single CD, for adding the second lion. We don't get another CD for turning it to sinister, despite being half the new group of charges. The posture is, in effect, simply an attribute of the charge being added, along with its tincture and type. Adding the charge, whatever its attributes, is worth a single CD.

Had none of the coneys in Daniel's device been in the same posture as Kineiland's coney, then we could indeed obtain a CD for posture as well as for number. But so long as one coney has no countable difference from Kineiland, then we can only grant a single CD for adding the other three coneys. The submitter might try putting his coneys in saltire, instead of in cross.

Fujiyama Takamori. Device. Per chevron argent and purpure, in chief a torteau.

This conflicts with Torin of Hyrcania (SCA): Gyronny argent and sable, in chief a torteau. There's a single CD, for the field. It also conflicts with that division of the U.S. I Corps that bore (fieldless) A torteau. (MilOrd #1129)

Against the flag of Japan (Argent, a torteau), I count a CD for the field and a CD for the non-forced move of the roundel to chief.

Gundric Fawkes. Household name and badge for House Wildewyrd. Per bend indented Or and sable, a mace palewise and a goblet fesswise reversed spilling its contents counterchanged.

"House Uncontrolled Destiny" does not appear to follow period practice for house names; see the discussion on household names in the LoAR cover letter of 2 July 92. Using the standard set there, if we won't accept John Wildewyrd, we can't accept House Wildewyrd.

The badge is drawn in a non-period style, with a "mace" unrecognizable as a mace, and a goblet drawn in trian aspect. Either of those flaws alone might have passed, but the two together are unacceptable.

Talan Gwynek. Badge. (fieldless) A mascle gules.

Withdrawn by the submitter.

WEST

Aldwin Wolfling. Device. Or, a fish naiant sable and a base indented azure.

Prior rulings notwithstanding, there is no difference between naiant and naiant "embowed": the naiant posture often includes a slight embowment. This conflicts with Hayman (Rietstap), Or, a fish naiant sable.

Anne Chavelle of Silver Oak. Badge. (fieldless) Four oak leaves in cross vert, fructed Or.

Visual conflict with the badge of Tatjana vom Hülst (formerly Tatjana von Adlerheim): (fieldless) Four holly leaves conjoined in cross vert, fructed with four berries gules. We have hitherto granted a CD for type of a single leaf: oak leaf vs. maple leaf (Karl the Meek and Mild), or oak leaf vs. elm leaf (Siobhan O Riordain). But this is offset here by the identical motifs: the arrangement and conjoining in cross add to the visual similarity.

Antonietta Zampa del Gatto. Name change to Tandre Catspaw.

The evidence does not support Catspaw, in that spelling, as a period English term. The OED cites the idiom cat's paw to 1657, outside our 50-year "grey area" for documentation, and cat's-paw to 1817. It does not cite catspaw at all.

This may seem petty and pharasaic -- especially since her currently registered byname zampa del gatto means "paw of the cat", and has the same idiomatic meaning in Italian that cat's-paw has in English. But the story that inspired the idiom came from Italy c.1510; zampa del gatto appears to be a period idiom for that tongue. Without similarly good evidence that catspaw (in any spelling) is period for English, we cannot accept it -- certainly not in the very modern spelling submitted here. This is not pettiness, but our best effort at fairness and consistency.

The submitter has disallowed any changes to her name whatsoever, so we must return this. You might suggest she try Cat's Foot, an earlier form of the idiom that can be argued to 1623, and which does date to period in a different meaning.

Beornwynn the Curmudgeon. Device. Vair, a brock's head cabossed proper within a bordure sable.

The brock's head, as drawn here, is equally argent and sable. On a field equally argent and azure, there is insufficient contrast to permit ready identification. He might try another field.

Cordelia of Diamond Cove. Device. Argent, a mermaid in her vanity proper, crined sable, on a chief invected azure three escallops inverted argent.

This conflicts with the device of Emmaline Marie Chandelle (SCA): Argent, a melusine proper, crined Or, within a bordure azure, semy of escallops inverted argent. There's a CD for type of secondary charge; no difference for change of number only of tertiaries on that charge; no difference for hair color, as an artistic detail; and no difference for melusine vs. mermaid.

I consider vestments on humanoids to be artistic license.

Donata Ivanovna Basistova. Device. Per chevron sable and purpure, a hare sejant argent.

Hares, rabbits and coneys are sejant by default (Parker 306). This conflicts with Penhallow (Woodward), cited in the LOI: Vert, a coney argent.

Edward of Willowwood. Device. Per bend sinister argent and vert, a willow tree eradicated and a llama's head couped at the shoulders contourny counterchanged.

This conflicts with Eshton Spearcrafter, cited in the LOI: Per bend sinister argent and vert, an ash tree eradicated and a spearhead bendwise sinister counterchanged. In each device, the two charges form a single group of primaries. Changes are counted against the entire group: One cannot count a CD for a change to half a group, and another CD for the same category of change to the other half of the same group. Because both devices contain a tree, Rule X.2 does not apply; there is a single CD, for changing the types of charges of a single group.

Kiera Lye d'Alessandria. Device. Gyronny gules and argent, in saltire four roses counterchanged, barbed and seeded proper.

The Tudor rose, defined to be a combination of a red and a white rose, is a prohibited charge in SCA heraldry. One period form of Tudor rose was a rose per pale gules and argent (or argent and gules) (Boutell); this submission's charges could be equally well blazoned four Tudor roses saltirewise.

Laurence Trenton Everett. Device. Azure, three scarpes argent, in pale three mullets of four points azure.

This conflicts with the U.S. 3rd Division (MilOrd #277): Azure, three bendlets sinister argent. There is a single CD for adding the tertiaries.

Marcev Bloodfoot. Name and device. Counter-ermine, on a pile ployé argent a seeblatt gules.

Marcev is indeed documented, as the submitter states, on p.88 of Unbegaun -- as a surname only. The submitter needs a given name. We might suggest Marketz (or, as Unbegaun spells it, Markec), the diminutive of Mark from which Martsev (Marcev) derives.

The device seems acceptable, but the submitter permitted no changes whatsoever to his name, so we couldn't even register this under a holding name.

Raoul de Chenonceaux. Device. Or, on a chevron azure three fleurs-de-lys Or, in base a pegasus salient, a bordure gules.

The use of multiple gold fleurs-de-lys on blue is not permitted in SCA armory: it is too strongly suggestive of a claim of connection to French royalty. This ban covers both blue fields and blue charges, and has been in force for many years: "This color-semy combination may not be used in the SCA." [WvS, 15 March 82] "A bordure of France (ancient or modern) may not be used in SCA heraldry." [BoE, 20 Oct 85]

The prohibition is supported by period practice. Examples of armory using blue charges with gold fleurs include de St.Remi de Valois, Bastard of France, c.1520 (Argent, on a fess azure three fleurs-de-lys Or); John, Earl of Cornwall, brother to the claimant of the French throne, d.1336 (Gules, three leopards in pale Or, a bordure azure semy-de-lys Or); Medici, Dukes of Urbino, who bore an augmentation from the French crown c.1500 (Or, in annulo six roundels gules, the one in chief azure, charged with three fleurs-de-lys Or); Matthieu, Grand Bastard of Bourbon, d.1505 (Argent, on a bend azure semy-de-lys Or, a bendlet gules); and Jean de Rochefort, another Bastard of Bourbon, d.1444 (Argent, on a canton azure semy-de-lys Or, a bendlet gules). All claimed connection to French royalty, either by an augmentation therefrom or through blood; all bore a blue charge with gold fleurs-de-lys -- usually blazoned a [charge] of France.

It's not unreasonable to assume that a chevron of France makes a similar claim. The chevron was used this way for other dynastic houses: Philippe de Someldyck, bastard son of Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, c.1500, bore Or, a chevron of Burgundy.

The period examples are so numerous that I feel I must uphold the Society's ban on gold fleurs-de-lys on blue backgrounds -- and make it explicit. Neither France Ancient (Azure semy-de-lys Or) nor France Modern (Azure, three fleurs-de-lys Or) may be used in SCA heraldry, either as the field (or part thereof) or on a charge. To do so constitutes a claim to connection to French royalty, prohibited under Rule XI.1.

Tamás of Midian. Name.

The land of Midian is mentioned only in Exodus (Moses married a princess of Midian), and does not seem to have still existed by the time of Christ, when Thomas came into use as a name -- much less by medieval times, when the latter was modified by the Magyars to Tamás. As Lord Green Anchor notes, Rule III.2 requires multi-cultural names to show "regular contact between the cultures". While one might argue some contact (albeit one-way) between, say, Old English and Middle English, that argument cannot hold between the Sinai, c.1200 BC, and Hungary, c.1000 AD. These are as culturally incompatible as Aztec and Viking, and may not be used in this manner.

Thorfinn Magnisen. Name.

The correct Danish for "son of Magni" would appear to be Magnasen. Under either spelling, however, this conflicts with the name of Thorfinn Magnusson, registered Aug 90.

Tristram du Bois. Device. Argent, a sinister canton purpure.

This conflicts with von Schönau (Rietstap): Argent, a sinister canton gules. There is a single CD, for tincture of the canton.

This also conflicts, though less obviously, with the device of Phillip of the Valley of Sleep (SCA): Argent, a chief indented purpure. Neither Phillip's nor Tristram's armory contains a primary charge, so Rule X.2 does not apply. Thus there is a single CD, for type of peripheral secondary charge: the indented line is specifically part of the type change, per X.4.e.

I'm unhappy with the latter conflict, but I see no way around it as the Rules currently stand. Rule X.2, subtitled "Difference of Primary Charges", specifically applies only when "the type of primary charge is substantially changed." Neither the chief, nor the canton, nor any peripheral ordinary, can be a primary charge; otherwise, by Rule X.1 Lozengy bendwise azure and argent, a canton gules would be clear of Bavaria, and Gyronny sable and Or, a bordure gules would be clear of Campbell. That would be unacceptable; therefore a peripheral ordinary can't be the primary charge, even when it's the only charge in the design. And that, in turn, leads to conflicts like the current case. It may be moot today, because of the additional conflict against von Schönau, but other cases will follow tomorrow.

In the long run, the best solution would be to find another wording for X.2, so that it could apply in some cases to charges other than primaries. How to do this, and still return the cases we want returned (and keep the Rule simple enough to use!), is a challenge. Lord Palimpsest and I welcome commentary on this issue.

Uilleam Catach ó Maoilbhreanainn. Name change to Liam Catach ó Maoilbhreanainn.

Liam doesn't appear to have been a period diminutive of Uilleam. All the sources that cite Liam do so as a modern diminutive; the period diminutive was Uillec. Without evidence of period use, we can't register Liam. We suggest he try Uillec.

THE FOLLOWING SUBMISSIONS HAVE BEEN PENDED:

AN TIR

Kiara o Ddinas Emrys. Device. Azure, on a fess invected argent between a lioness courant and a tower issuant from base Or, a compass star elongated to base gules.

The tincture of the fess was omitted from the LOI. This is pended to the October meeting to allow for further commentary.

WEST

Dregel Alewulf. Device. Per chevron gules and sable, two drinking horns and a wolf sejant to sinister argent..

The tincture of the charges was inadvertently given as sable on the LOI. This is pended until the October meeting to allow for further commentary.

Ríoghnach MacLeod. Device. Per bend azure and argent, two dolphins naiant counterchanged.

This may be a technical conflict with the device of William Castellan (SCA): Per bend azure and argent, in sinister chief three dolphins in pale, and in dexter base a fleur-de-lys, all counterchanged. There is a CD for the number of charges. Whether there's a CD for the type of charge in dexter base (fleur-de-lys vs. dolphin) depends on whether it's considered one-half of the primary group, or only one-fourth. That, in turn, depends on which device is being considered, Ríoghnach's or William's. Either way, it's a tangle.

I propose to cut this Gordian knot by declaring that, when a group is divided into sub-groups by a partition of the field (i.e. some of the group on one side of the line, the rest on the other side), each sub-group be considered "half" for the purposes of Rules X.4.d, e, and h. Arguably, since this is a change of a definition, not a change to Rule X.4 itself, I could do this by fiat (see the Administrative Handbook, p.9), but this is too far-reaching a change for me to do so comfortably. I am therefore pending this submission until the October meeting, and ask for commentary on the broader issue of my proposed redefinition of "half a group" as well as the merits of this specific submission.

Rorius Domhnall Kithwall. Badge. (fieldless) A tower bendy sinister Or and vert, crusilly couped counterchanged.

The miniature emblazon showed the tower bendy, instead of bendy sinister as on the full-sized emblazon. Moreover, the full-sized emblazon didn't show a few tiny, artistic-license arrow-slots: it showed multiple crosses couped, counterchanged over the bendy sinister lines.

This is pended until the October meeting to allow for further commentary. Two issues need addressing: first, we need to check conflict against the correct blazon. Second, there's the counterchanged semy, which is visually complex and confusing. I'm not happy with the latter, but I invite opinion (pro and con) as to its acceptability.