THE FOLLOWING HAVE BEEN REGISTERED:

AN TIR

An Tir, Kingdom of. Release of title of Avacal Pursuivant.

Béatrice de Châteauneuf. Name and device. Or, a swan naiant sable on a chief gules a cross fleuretty between two fleurs-de-lis Or.

Caterina de' Conigli. Device. Per pale gules and ermine, a coney rampant Or and a chief wavy counterchanged.

Submitted on the LoI as Caterina de Conìglio, the name was registered as above in the October 1994 LoAR.

Genevieve Marie Etiennette de Montagne. Device. Per chevron purpure and vert, two hummingbirds rising respectant wings addorsed and a decrescent Or.

Glymm Mere, Barony of. Badge. [Fieldless] A goutte de larmes goutty d'eau.

They have received a letter of permission to conflict with Lochac, [Fieldless] On a goute de larmes a goute d'eau.

Glymm Mere, Barony of. Badge. [Fieldless] A hummingbird displayed argent, charged on the wings and breast with five bars sable.

Miles Fitzhubert. Name and device. Per chevron argent and vert, three roses and a bordure counterchanged.

Submitted as Miles Fitzhurbert, that spelling does not appear to be a reasonable alternate spelling of Fitzherbert. We have consequently adopted the submitter's preference for Fitzhubert.

Salia Claire. Name and device. Ermine, a swan naiant sable within a bordure purpure.

ATLANTIA

Agnese Canigiano. Badge jointly held with Tryggvi Grabardr Olsen. [Fieldless] A wooden frame saw proper.

The frame saw is fesswise, cutting blade to base, which would seem to be the most reasonable default posture.

Annys Reynard. Device. Or, a fox's mask sable, on a chief purpure three roses Or.

Brenno Motteggiatore Guarnieri. Name.

Submitted as Brenno Motteggiare Guarnieri, motteggiare is a verb ("to banter, to quiz, to make fun of"). The noun is motteggiatore ("jester, joker"). We have substituted the latter.

Connor of Meadowmarsh. Badge. [Fieldless] In pale a bee conjoined to a beehive Or.

Cyril Bowman. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Damian Wolward. Name and device. Per pale argent and sable, a fox's mask within a double tressure counterchanged.

Johanna von Sudeborn. Name and device. Per chevron argent and azure, three shears counterchanged a bordure sable.

Juliana McCoy. Name.

Katharina van den Otter. Name and device. Vert, an otter passant reguardant argent a chief ermine.

Submitted as Katharina DenOtter, the byname as submitted appears to be a post-period version. We have substituted (of several choices available) the documented form which the submitter prefers.

Kenelm d'Outremer. Name and device. Or ermined vert, a pale gules on a chief sable a lion dormant Or.

Linnet Gordon. Name and device. Per pale gules and azure, a lyre Or environed of snake involved argent.

Please ask her to draw the charges larger and more boldly.

Máiréad Ní Dhomhnaill. Name.

Submitted as Máiréad Ni Dhòmhnuill, the patronym mixed the distinctively Irish with the distinctively Scottish Dhòmhnuill. We have substituted the Irish spelling of the patronym so that the entire name matches.

Nottinghill Coill, Barony of. Name and badge for Order of the Coill's Bells. [Fieldless] A jocelyn wreathed Or and vert with six bells Or.

Tryggvi Grabardr Olsen. Alternate persona name Cornelis Brouwer.

CAID

Aileve of the Mists. Device. Sable, two willow leaves in chevron inverted Or, on a chief argent a fox courant proper.

Alexandra Marie of Greenhaven. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Anna Christine Espen. Device. Vert, a sword inverted proper sustained by two dragons combattant argent, on a chief argent three trefoils purpure.

Antonello Giovachini Voiello. Device. Gules, on a bend argent between two compass stars Or, three fleurs-de-lis palewise sable, a bordure Or.

Asgerdr Audsdottir. Name.

Submitted as Asgerdr Audardottir on the LoI, the originally submitted Audsdottir is equally as correct. We have therefore restored and registered it.

Caroline Marie de Fontenailles. Name change from Carolyn of the Iris.

Though none of the commenters found any indication that Caroline is a period name, the submitter's own documentation, though not cited in the LoI, notes that Fort Caroline, Florida, was first settled by French Huguenots in 1564 (The New Century Cyclopedia of Names, Vol. II, p. 828). This documentation certainly lends support to its use as a French name before 1600.

Elspeth Leabhrach. Name change from holding name Lisa of Dun Or.

Submitted as Elspeth Leabrach on the LoI, the name on the forms and the documentation is as registered above.

Gilbert of Greenhaven. Name and device. Per pale sable and Or, a chevron embattled between three pheons all counterchanged.

Kateryn of Blackwater. Name only (see RETURNS for badge).

Kendric son of Godric. Name and device. Per pale sable and argent, an open scroll Or, a bordure counterchanged.

Submitted as Kendric, son of Godric, the comma is not a period usage, and we have dropped it here. Though, as many commenters noted, Kendric Godricsone, Kendric Godrich, Kendric Godricsson, or Kendrick Godricessune would be much likelier, the examples cited of Alexander sone of Sperling (Ekwall, p. 129), Philip son of Godive (Selten, p. 85), and Geoffrey son of Edric (Selton, p. 70) lend sufficient support to this form.

Sean Tioranach Mac Conmara. Device. Or, a club sable between three shamrocks vert.

Steven of Naevehjem. Device. Azure, two chevronels braced, in chief an owl displayed argent.

Versus Bracegirdle (Papworth, p. 541), Azure, two chevrons arched couched and fretted argent, there are CDs for the addition of the owl and for the difference between chevronels braced (issuing from base) and chevronels couched (issuing from the flank).

Tamsin Kymbel. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Thea Gabrielle of Northernridge. Name change from Thea Gabrielle Northernridge of Amberwood.

Thea the Spinner. Name.

Though prior evidence has shown Thea to be of modern use, Palimpsest noted that De Felice (p. 340-341) notes its isolated use in Italy as a continuation of the late Latin Thea kept alive by the rare cult of two martyred saints of that name.

Theoddegn Bloodaxe. Name and device. Argent goutty de sang, a double-bitted axe and a bordure embattled sable.

Submitted as Theodegn Bloodaxe, the construction of Theod- and -degn would not lose a "d" in the combination. We have therefore restored it here.

Wulfhere Slående Falk. Badge. [Fieldless] In pale falcon striking to sinister argent conjoined with a cloud Or.

Though a number of commenters noted that the falcon appears to be in trian aspect, this particular rendition is grandfathered to him, as it appears on his device registered June 1990.

Xantha Ekaterina Glinskaya. Name change from Xantha of Greystone Keep.

Though several commenters remarked on various difficulties with the given, it was already registered to her in September 1991 and is therefore grandfathered.

CALONTIR

Angus Sutherland. Name.

Crystal Mynes, Shire of. Name.

Meredith Welles of Goosewood. Name and device. Per chevron throughout azure and argent, two geese respectant reguardant and an arrow inverted counterchanged.

Onora O'Toole. Name and device. Argent, a peacock in his pride azure, tailed vert, on a chief gules three hair combs Or.

Sláine ní Chiaráin. Name.

Submitted as Sláine ni Ciarán, the patronym needs to be placed in the genitive and aspirated following the patronymic particle , which we have done here.

DRACHENWALD

Flintheath, Shire of. Name and device. Per chevron gules and azure, a chevron Or between two furisons and a laurel wreath argent.

Uma, Canton of. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

EAST

David fitzRobert de Lincoln. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Eric of Kelton. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Guendalina Francesca di Antonio Cristiano. Name.

Though the LoI noted some discomfort with the use of a double surname, the byname here actually follows a period Italian practice: di [father's given name] [father's surname].

Sara Rebecca Archer. Name.

MERIDIES

Aelfric of the Black Arrow. Device. Gyronny argent and gules, an arrow sable, a bordure counterchanged.

Alaine Laudonniere. Name and device. Purpure, on a pile invected between two stag's heads erased addorsed argent, a heart purpure.

Alexander Kyppyn Kirkcaldy. Name and device. Per pale sable and argent, a standing balance counterchanged, on a chief gules three mullets argent.

This would be better as Alexander Kyppyn of Kirkcaldy -- the use of double surnames in English is vanishingly rare.

Alexandra Stremouchova. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Alexandra Stremouchov, the surname in Russian should be feminized. We have done so here.

Anne Osgerby. Device. Per chevron throughout dovetailed argent and vert, two borage flowers azure barbed vert, and a unicorn's head couped argent.

Ardanroe, Shire of. Badge. [Fieldless] An oar inverted Or.

Versus Balin the Fairhaired (SCA), Sable, an oar Or, there are CDs for fieldlessness and for inverting the primary (and only) charge.

Ashikaga Hiromoto. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Ashikaga Kimiko. Name and device. Per pale vert and sable, two fish palewise in annulo within an annulet argent.

Bearrach Aelwyn the Wolfhead. Badge. [Fieldless] A brown wolf's head erased affronty proper, gorged of a coronet Or, maintaining a garden rose fesswise gules, slipped and leaved vert.

Submitted on the LoI as Boru Aelwyn the Wolfhead, the submitter's registered name is as above.

Blackmoor Keep, Shire of. Device. Sable, on a pale between in chief two fleurs-de-lys argent, a laurel wreath vert and a tower sable.

Caroline of Mainwaring. Badge. [Fieldless] A swan's head erased to sinister argent gorged of an eastern crown Or, and maintaining a garden rose fesswise reversed gules, slipped and leaved vert.

Carson Wynne. Name and device. Gyronny wavy sable and argent, an orle counter-compony vert and argent.

The given is the submitter's legal given name, and is registered only under the Legal Name Allowance.

Charles de Joscelynne. Badge. Counter-ermine, on a pale azure fimbriated, a lion's paw couped argent.

Charles de Joscelynne. Name and device. Per bend argent and sable, a bat-winged lion rampant sable, and a lyre Or.

The name would be better as a purely English Charles Joscelynne or a French Charles de Jocelyn.

Conall Mac Roigh. Device. Argent, a boar statant between four annulets, three and one, azure.

Nice!

Conor the Black. Name.

Cormac Bron. Name.

Crystoffer ap Cynan Llwyd. Name.

Douglass Elisabeth Montgomery. Name and device. Argent, on a pale azure between two roses proper, a unicorn rampant argent.

Douglas appears as a very late period female given name.

Dunstan Dangar of Shaddowe Woode. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Edgar Finn. Device. Gules, in pale a bow fesswise and a sword inverted between flaunches argent, each charged with a sheaf of arrows inverted sable.

Edward of Lyonsmoor. Name and device. Per fess sable and gules, a lion's head erased between three crosses formy Or.

Submitted as Edward of Lion's Moor, the byname as formed used the post-period possessive form with an apostrophe, and was hard to justify as a reasonable English locative because of, among other things, the absence of lions in England. However, several commenters were able to find support for the form registered.

Eilidh nin Choinnich. Name and device. Per pale argent and vert, a mountain, and in chief two arrows in saltire counterchanged.

Submitted as Eilidh ni Choinnich, is an Irish Gaelic patronymic particle; Coinnich is Scots Gaelic., which requires the use of a Scots Gaelic particle. Though this would normally be expected to be nighean, Black seems to note that the contraction nin is correct. As this as a very minor change (which the submitter allowed), we have made it to register the name.

Eilwen Llywelyn. Name and device. Or, on a pale vert between two griffins combattant gules, an artist's brush Or.

Elaine de Lindsay. Name.

Submitted as Elaine de Lindsey, Ferrule notes that the client originally submitted and prefers the registered spelling. Laurel notes that the submitter's memory is incorrect, as the spelling in all places on the forms, which the submitter signed, as well as her membership card, have Lindsey. Nonetheless, there is more than adequate documentation for either spelling, and so we are registering the one she says she prefers.

Eric of Chester. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Erich von dem Schwarzwald. Device. Sable, on a pile argent between two bee hives Or, a bear rampant sable collared Or.

Ernst von Nürnberg. Device. Vert, on a bend between two stag's heads affronty erased Or, three quill pens palewise vert.

Gareth Gwynedd. Device. Argent, on a pale vert between six roses gules, barbed and seeded vert, a sword proper, a bordure vert.

Listed on the LoI as a name change to Gareth Cunedda from Gareth Gwynedd, the client had already changed his name to Gareth Gwynedd from Gareth Cunedda in the October 1993 LoAR.

Genevieve de Montfort. Device. Checky vert and agent, in chief a heart and in base three mullets, one and two, gules, between flaunches sable.

Godfrey of Huntington. Badge. [Fieldless] A griffin's head erased per pale sable and Or, gorged of a label counterchanged.

His currently registered badge for Alexander Godfrey, [Fieldless] A hand within and conjoined to an annulet argent, is released.

Grimwulf Harland. Name and device. Argent, an owl affronty vert, between flaunches sable.

The name would be better as Grimwulf æt Harlande or even Grimwulf of Harland.

Isabeau Adriana Hauberk. Device. Sable mullety Or, an owl within a decrescent argent

James of Troll Fen. Holding name and badge (see RETURNS for name and device). [Fieldless] A pheon within and conjoined to an annulet argent.

Submitted as Trevor Arrowsmith.

Jennet of Tewkesbury. Name and device. Argent, a violet purpure slipped and leaved vert, between flaunches invected purpure.

Submitted as Jennet of Tewksbury, the dropping of the second "e" in the locative was a typo in the LoI, as it appears on the forms and in the documentation.

Jordan Ceridwen of Thorngill. Device. Azure, a cross parted and fretted interlaced with an annulet, on a chief argent, three annulets azure.

Julianna Lisette du Bois. Name and device. Argent, in pale two roses proper between flaunches vert, each charged with a fleur-de-lys argent.

Katherine Power. Device. Sable, in pale three roses argent, barbed, seeded, slipped and leaved proper, between flaunches ermine.

Katrina M'Loyd. Name.

Kenrick Bermyngeham. Name and device. Azure, a decrescent and an increscent argent, on a point pointed Or an acorn inverted slipped and leaved vert.

Llywelyn ap Gwyn of Anglesey. Name.

If he wanted the name to be entirely Welsh, it would be Llywelyn ap Gwyn Mon.

Lucian of Troll Fen. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Gules, two peacocks pavonated to base addorsed reguardant, in chief a crescent Or.

Submitted as Rashid al-Hilal.

Ragnar Kaupmadr. Badge. [Fieldless] Four drinking horns interlaced in cross argent.

The blazon follows the pattern set by the badge of Mikhail the Varangian.

Rayne Moyra O'Ciaragain. Name.

Returned in September 1993 because the surname combined the Anglicized particle O' with the Irish Gaelic spelling of Ciaragáin, the surname is grandfathered to her from the registered Society names of her children.

Rhonda Lynn MacLeod. Name and device. Gules semy-de-lys Or, on a bend sinister argent, a rose sable.

Rhonda is her legal given name.

Richard del Hauke. Name and device. Gules, on a pile raguly argent between two hawk's bells Or, a vol inverted gules.

Submitted as Richard du Hauke, the preposition was the incorrect gender. We have corrected it by substituting the documented "del", which keeps the submitter's meaning.

Richard of Troll Fen. Name and device. Per bend sable and argent, on a roundel a horse rampant contourny, a bordure counterchanged.

Submitted as Richard of Trollfen, the group's name is registered as two words. The use in a holding name by Laurel of Trollfen should not be considered as making the single word version appropriate or registrable -- it may be (and in fact was) that Laurel took the name as written on the submitter's forms without double-checking the registered spelling of the group name. (And if they're all going to spell it as one word anyway, you might consider suggesting a name change to them.)

The device is rather striking, but is also pushing at the limits of acceptable counterchanging.

Robert de Bayeux. Name.

Roland aus Rhens. Name and device. Per chevron gules and sable, a hammer argent within a vol Or.

Sean Lewis O'Connor. Badge. [Fieldless] A hand bell Or supported by two unicorns combattant reguardant argent.

Sile Linet O'Loughlin. Name.

Simon Hauoc. Device. Per chevron argent and gules, a chevron sable between two hawks belled and jessed vert and a latin cross argent, a bordure sable.

Trystan MacFall. Name.

Ulrich Maximilian Neidlinger. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Ulrich Maximillian Neidlinger, Maximilian appears always, even the submitter's documentation, to be spelled with a single "l".

MIDDLE

Christoffer Michel von Regensburg. Name.

Submitted as Christoffer Michel von Ravensburg in the LoI, the forms (and the documentation in the LoI) had Regensburg.

Derwel ferch Nefydd Saer. Name and device. Per pale azure and argent, a bend counterchanged argent ermined azure and azure ermined argent and in sinister chief a falcon volant gules.

Dorothea da Dragoni. Name.

Drogo Feyrman. Name.

Submitted as Drogo Fearman, no source that anyone found (including the submitter) gave a date for Fearman as a spelling variant of Pharamond or any of its derivatives, forcing us to conclude that it is modern. We have substituted the closest period variant.

Ephraim ben Shlomo. Name change from Ephraim Ya'acov ben Shlomo.

Eric the Wanderer. Device. Per chevron inverted azure and sable, three Latin crosses argent, one and two.

Friedrich Eric Helmut von Rheinhausen. Device change. Erminois, on a pale sable a double-bitted axe argent.

Nice armory! His currently registered device, Erminois, an eagle displayed within a bordure sable, is retained as a badge.

Giacomo da Firenze. Device. Purpure, a sword between two griffins combattant within a bordure embattled argent.

Ian Gartloch. Name.

Submitted as Ian Garthloch, that form combines Old Norse garthr with Gelic loch in a single element, which is impermissible here. We have substituted a documented Scottish placename which is extremely close to the submitted form and the elements of which appear in the submitter's documentation.

John Bartholomew of Flanders. Name.

Katherine Elenora de Lacy. Name.

Lloyd of Penrose. Household name for House Penrose (see RETURNS for badge).

Lysette Cordonnier. Name.

Matthew the Ponderer. Name and device. Argent, on a cross quadrate between in chief two annulets azure a compass star argent.

Meadhbh ni Dhubhain Ui Chorbain. Device. Per pale embattled vert and Or, a raven contourny wings addorsed and inverted argent and a rat rampant sable within an ivy vine in orle counterchanged.

Middle, Kingdom of the. Name and badge for Order of the Cavendish Knot. [Fieldless] Four Cavendish knots conjoined in cross vert.

Under the current Rules, the name no longer conflicts with the Italian Order of the Knot.

There was much commentary on the issue of whether the charge runs afoul of our long-standing ban on knotwork; the consensus here seems to be similar to that of several years ago when we were considering three Wake knots conjoined in pall : "The question is whether the conjunction of the knots diminishes their identifiability to the point where they should not be allowed. In this case, the answer seems to be 'no'. Note, however, that this would not be the case were the knots not of themselves clearly defined period heraldic charges, were the knot itself complex or requiring modification in shape to produce the conjunction (as would be the case with a Lacy knot) or were the numbers so increased ... as to diminish the size seriously." (Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane, LoAR of 26 November 1989, p. 9) It should be noted, however, that this badge is probably pushing right to the limits of the allowance; an increase of number would probably begin to reduce the identifiability of the separate knots.

Petrea Thule, Shire of. Name and device. Or, in pale a compass star gules within a laurel wreath and a chain fesswise throughout embowed to base sable all within a bordure gules.

Steren Codha, Shire of. Device. Per pale azure and argent, two laurel wreaths and a shooting star counterchanged.

[We have left the charge in base blazoned as a "shooting star" because of the cant on the Shire's name. The more usual blazon would be a "comet inverted".] The comet has sufficient width to keep it from falling under the ban on "long skinny charges" counterchanged along their long axis, which was meant to apply to charges more like swords and spears and arrows.

OUTLANDS

Aleksandrina Petrovna Danilova. Household name for House Hidden Grove (see RETURNS for badge). Argent, a willow tree eradicated sable within an orle of ivy vines vert.

Submitted as House of the Hidden Grove, Ensign was able to justify the form without the "of the"; as the meaning was most important to the submitters, we have dropped them to register the household name. You might also tell them that a more likely (and even more "hidden") form would be Derngrove.

Angus Malcolm MacDonald. Device. Per fess engrailed Or and azure, a lymphad under full sail and a dolphin naiant within a bordure all counterchanged.

Please ask him to draw the engrailing a little more boldly and the bordure a little wider.

Betuiros mapos Romani. Name change from Bedwyr ap Gwrgant Amaethon ap Rhain.

Ceridwen de Lindsay. Device. Vert, a doe couchant contourny and on a chief argent six martlets gules.

Submitted on the LoI (and listed on her device forms as Ceridwen de Lindsey, the name was originally submitted and registered as spelled above. Please tell her that the chief should be drawn wider.

Cullen O'Neill. Name.

Dragonsspine, Barony of. Name for Order of the Dragon's Grace.

John Angus Swinford. Name.

Margaret Richemont. Name and device. Vert, an owl reguardant argent maintaining in its dexter talon a rolled scroll Or, all within a bordure gyronny azure and argent.

Rose Owyne. Name.

Samuel Leiesverd. Name.

Siobhan Eliot. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Süleyman al-Hazar. Device. Vert, in pale three rhinoceroses passant argent.

There was much commentary regarding the "correct" plural for rhinoceros. We have adopted what appears to be the most straightforward one for English.

WEST

Alfred of Carlyle. Name change from Christian Roguespur.

Ana Ilevna. Device. Azure, on a bend between two seahorses argent, a seahorse palewise azure.

Christian Blackhorse. Name and device. Per chevron sable and argent, two crosses bottony and a horse passant counterchanged.

Clara MacMillan. Name and device. Barry wavy argent and azure, a narwhal naiant to sinister purpure within a bordure dovetailed vert.

Please ask her to draw fewer and bolder dovetails in the future.

Francesca Cellini. Device. Per chevron gules and argent two owls respectant argent and a rose proper within a bordure embattled counterchanged.

François Henri Guyon. Name.

Gabriel Alexis. Name.

Gavin Rae of the Vale. Name and device. Argent, a male griffin rampant vert, on a chief embattled sable a compass star between a decrescent and an increscent argent.

Gwynhavyr of River Haven. Badge. Vert, a turtle displayed, in chief two axes in saltire, all within a bordure argent.

Hugh the Little. Name.

Iason Vorax. Name and device. Or, a turtle rampant vert.

Leohtulf of the Silver Hills. Name and device. Argent, three arrows in fess, on a chief indented azure three wolf's heads cabossed argent.

Please ask him to draw the chief with slightly fewer and bolder indents in the future.

Leon von Schrecken. Name change from Leon David von Schrecken and badge. Sable, a standing balance argent within a triangle of three swords proper.

The swords were originally blazoned as "three swords in triangle". The problem with that blazon, however, is that it leaves one wondering where to stop (in estoile, in mullet of six points, in fleam, in lion rampant?). The blazon as modified and registered seems the most appropriate.

Martin le Mechant. Name and device. Argent, crusilly fitchy sable, a horned demon's head couped gules.

It was the consensus of both the commentary and those at the Laurel meeting that while this probably pushes the limits of offensive symbolism, it does not push them hard enough to go beyond acceptability. And as Matins noted, "Toyota-no doubt in time the submitter will pay us to get it changed."

Nicolette Dufay. Device. Per fess ermine and vert, on a pile counterchanged, a lily argent.

Oriel of the Gypsies. Device. Purpure, a unicorn's head erased and a chief wavy argent.

Nice, simple device!

Richard of Essex. Device change. Checky argent and vert, a dragon segreant sable maintaining a Latin cross gules, on a chief argent, three suns sable.

His current device, Vert, a pile wavy issuant from sinister base and in sinister chief a mullet argent, is released.

Roheis Ireton of Attenborough. Name and device. Azure, a pegasus segreant ermine surmounted by a chevron Or charged with three cinquefoils azure.

Though at first blush this appears to be four layers, which is forbidden by the rules, RfS VIII.1.c.ii. notes that "All charges should be placed either directly on the field or entirely on other charges that lie on the field." During the tenure of Mistress Alisoun this was interpreted to mean that overall charges may be charged (especially when they are ordinaries, for which period precedent exists), as they are considered to lie "on the field".

Rowan Celia FitzMarvin. Name and device. Gules, a chevron rompu inverted argent and in chief a sunburst Or.

Rudolf von der Drau. Device. Argent, a pair of gauntlets chevronwise vert holding a sun gules, on a chief vert three mullets argent.

Sapphira of Silverthorne. Name.

The recent corrections to RfS V.1.b.ii. prevent this from conflicting with Sapphira (reg. 8/71).

Stephen of Greenwood. Name.

Tatiana Patrovna Ilina. Name and device. Per chevron argent and gules, two roses purpure and a goblet, a serpent nowed about the stem, argent.

There was some discussion about whether this was "slot-machine" heraldry, in violation of the complexity limits of VIII.1.a., with "three or more types of charges should not be used in the same group." Given the pattern of practice of wrapping snakes about other charges in period, we believe that the visual reality of this is that there are only two types of charge in the primary group: the roses and the cup/snake combination.

Tegan Runflæd. Name.

Tullia de Lacy of Meath. Name and device. Sable estencely argent, chapé vair, a mullet of eight interlocking mascles argent.

Submitted on the LoI as Tullia de Lacey of Meath, the forms and the documentation both have the name as registered above.

William Oakes. Name.

THE FOLLOWING HAVE BEEN RETURNED FOR FURTHER WORK:

AN TIR

None

ATLANTIA

Cyril Bowman. Device. Sable, a bow reversed sustained by a sinister cubit arm erased fesswise reversed on a chief Or three broadarrows inverted sable.

As noted by most of the commenters, the cubit/bow combination is insufficiently distinguishable from a crossbow. See RfS VII.7.a., "Identification Requirement - Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance."

Damianus Petrolino. Badge. [Fieldless] An eagle's jamb erased inverted clutching a torteau.

Conflict with the Middle Kingdom's Award of the Dragon's Treasure (SCA), A dragon's gambe couped erect maintaining a roundel argent charged with a pale gules. There is a CD for fieldlessness, but all other difference must derive from how much red is showing from between the claws of the jambe. After a comparison of the two emblazons, there simply is not enough to allow a CD.

Killian Ballie. Device. Per pale gules and Or, a portcullis on a chief embattled sable three thistles Or.

The "thistles" on the chief are impossible to identify as such; even on the large emblazon, they look like some kind of tulip. The flower heads are basically thistle-shaped, but the slips and leaves are nothing like a thistle's. We are returning this for redrawing.

CAID

Alexandra Marie of Greenhaven. Device. Per pale sable and argent, two unicorns rampant addorsed counterchanged, on a chief triangular purpure a roundel per pale argent and Or, sinister half soleil.

The device is too complex. Though RfS VIII.1.a. notes a rule of thumb limit of eight which this submission does not exceed [there are four tinctures (sable, argent, purpure, and Or) and four types of charge (unicorn, chief, plate and sun)], combining that limit with a chief triangular and dimidiation of two of the charges (the "moon" and sun) pushes it beyond the bounds of acceptability. Given the short-lived use of dimidiation in period, we are not at all sure that we should register dimidiation in the SCA. Its use creates often serious identification problems, and tends to lead to some very unbalanced designs.

Cáemfind Adorian NhicKeown of Dalriada. Name.

The name is a mix of an Old Irish given, an Anglicized spelling of an Irish "o" patronym, an incorrect Gaelic feminine patronymic prefix combined with an Anglicized name, and an English locative referencing an early Irish kingdom. Such a combination is simply impossible. We recommend the commentary of especially Harpy and Palimpsest for a more detailed discussion of the specific problems with the various elements and their combination here.

There are a number of different ways to modify the name to bring the elements into some kind of linguistic consistency, but any of them would far exceed the "minor" changes permissible. Among the suggestions were a fully Irish Caoimhinn Ó Deoradháin Nic Eoghain, Caoimhinn Ní Eoghain (or Eoin) Uí Dheoradháin, or Cáemfind ingen Eógain (or Eoin) Uí Deradáin; or an Englished Keevin ny Owen Adorian or Keevin McKeown Adorian. We are returning this so that the submitter can be consulted and decide how she wants to proceed.

Hrodhaavard Raudhan. Name change from Hrafnvardhr Ruadhan.

In ON hróLr 'praise; fame, reputation', as in fagr 'fair', the final -r is organic, i.e., it is not just the sign of the masculine nominative singular; this can be seen from the fact that the -r is preserved in recorded compounds. Raudhan, for which no documentation was given, seems simply to be incorrect (though it is grandfathered to him here). It appears to be connected with the name RauLr or the adjective rauLr 'red'; the latter appears as a byname in Geirr Bassi's The Old Norse Name, p. 26. In the former case the final -an is inexplicable. If the simple adjective is intended, rauLan is the masculine singular accusative case and has no place in a name. If he wants to be the son of RauLr, the byname would be RauLsson; if he wants to be 'Red', it is rauLr; and if he wants to be 'the Red', inn rauLi. The simplest suggested solution would be for him to use the standard HávarLr: Hrodr-Havardr raudr (as representing HróLr-HávarLr rauLr). The minimum change we could have made to register the name would have involved at the very least the addition of an "r" to the given. As he allowed no changes whatsoever, however, we are forced to return the name.

Kateryn of Blackwater. Badge. [Fieldless] A mullet of four points purpure.

Conflict with James IV of Scotland, as cited in the LoI, A mullet. Current precedent does not grant a CD for the difference between mullets of four points and the default (five-pointed) mullet. There is a closer conflict, however; Eleanor Leonard (SCA) A mullet of four points distilling a goutte. There is CD for fieldlessness, but nothing for the insignificant goutte and as Eleanor's is tinctureless, nothing for tincture.

Tamsin Kymbel. Device. Gyronny purpure and argent, a saltire dovetailed counterchanged.

In the LoAR of September 1991, a saltire dovetailed gyronny was returned for, among other reasons, the following: "The combination of a dovetailed line on a gyronny saltire is pretty clearly post-Period style. Even though the SCA has long allowed the use of dovetailed as compatible with our style, and has allowed the use of saltires gyronny, the combination seems obtrusively modern. (See RfS VIII.4.d.: 'Generally modern style in the depiction of individual elements or the total design may not be registered.')" We have the same problem here.

Titus Flavius Aurelianus. Device. Gules, a thunderbolt, a bordure Or.

The prior return for conflict with the Ermine Street Guard (Gules, a thunderbolt Or), was appealed on the ground that the arms of the Ermine Street Guard do not appear in Appendix E to the Administrative Handbook and thus are not protected. However, the Administrative Handbook also specifically notes that:

G. Significant Personal and Corporate Armory from Outside the Society -- Contemporary or historical armory will generally be considered significant if it appears in the standard references in Appendix E. Armory of individuals whose names would be protected may also be protected even if it does not appear in standard heraldic references due to limitations of age and scope of those works.

Thus, protection of items (by not registering in the SCA items which conflict by our Rules) is not limited only to those items already appearing in Appendix E; at the time of the return Laurel was free to decide that the armory of the Ermine Street Guard is significant corporate armory, though too new to be listed in any of the references in Appendix E. That being the case, there is no reason to overturn the original return; certainly not on the grounds addressed by the appeal.

Wilhelm von Homburg. Device change. Argent, a bend Or fimbriated within a bordure gules.

Conflict with Haward (Papworth, p. 256), Argent, two bendlets and a bordure gules. There is a change in tincture only to the space between the bendlets -- or as we may equally well blazon the submission as "Argent, on a bend gules another Or, all within a bordure gules" and Haward as "Argent, on a bend gules another argent, all within a bordure gules", there is only a tincture change to the tertiary charge, which is insufficient for a CD. Conflict also with Ireton (Papworth, p. 183), Argent, a bend voided gules, with a CD for the addition of the bordure but nothing for the change to tincture only of the tertiary, and with Burghwell (Papworth, p. 27), Argent, on a bend within a bordure gules, three martlets Or, with one CD for the changes in type and number of the tertiary charges.

Yaroslav the Persistent. Badge. Gules, on a mullet of thirteen points argent a pellet within an annulet sable, a bordure argent.

Though as blazoned the badge has only three layers, the appearance is of at least four (Gules, on a sun argent a pellet charged with an annulet argent....) The overall appearance, of course, is of a "bulls-eye" -which was noted even on the LoI next to the mini-emblazon ("This is not a bullseye!"). It is not really period style heraldry. Finally, there is a visual conflict: Cynedd ap Gwen (SCA), Sable, a sun eclipsed within a bordure argent. There is a CD for the change to the field, but going from a roundel (eclipse) to a roundel within an annulet is a visual change only equivalent to adding a quaternary annulet, insufficient for a second CD.

CALONTIR

None.

DRACHENWALD

Uma, Canton of. Device. Vert, a birch tree and on a chief argent three laurel wreaths vert.

Conflicts with Shire of Cypress Hills (SCA), Vert, a tree blasted and eradicated, on a chief argent three laurel wreaths vert. There are technically no CDs between the two devices.

EAST

Amalthea bat Amal. Name.

No evidence has been found that Amalthea was a name used by humans in period. The only documentation for the name is that of the goat who was the nurse for Jupiter, as one of the two nymphs who fed the infant god on goatsmilk and honey, as a Roman sibyl who sold some books to the king of the Romans, Tarquin, and as a star in the constellation Auriga. We need some evidence of its use by humans in period before we may register this.

David fitzRobert de Lincoln. Device. Per pale vert and azure, on a pale Or three torteaux.

Conflict with the flag of St. Christopher-Neviss (Combo II, p. 230, cited from Flags, p. 161), Per pale vert and azure, on a pale Or a palm tree eradicated sable. There is only one CD, for the changes to the tertiaries.

Regarding the potential conflict cited in the LoI against Roos, Sable, on a pale Or three roses proper, the consensus of the commenters was that while a CD exists between roses and roundels, as tertiaries they are probably not sufficiently different to allow a CD per RfS X.4.j.ii. for type change alone. Thus Roos is also a conflict, with one CD for the change to the field, but nothing for the change to type only of the tertiaries.

Eric of Kelton. Device. Per pale argent and Or, a fess gules between two griffins rampant addorsed and a tower sable.

The device was withdrawn by the submissions herald.

MERIDIES

Alexandra Stremouchova. Device. Per chevron ployé throughout Or and purpure, two broadarrows inverted and an orchid slipped and leaved counterchanged.

According to the OED, orchids "vary greatly in appearance, being often remarkable for brilliancy of colour or grotesqueness of from, in some cases resembling various insects and other animals." This being the case, there is very little chance that the blazon will accurately reflect and recreate the emblazon. We are having to return this because orchids seem to have no standard or standardized form.

Angharad ferch Donovan. Name.

RfS III.1.a. requires that "Each phrase must be grammatically correct according to the usage of a single language." Here we have a Welsh patronymic particle (merch) combined into a single phrase with an Anglicized variant of an Old Irish surname (Ó Donndugháin), which itself appears to be from a compound meaning "brown Dubhán". The combination is unlikely in the extreme, and it does not follow "the usage of a single language" as required by the RfS.

Arrow Wan, Shire of. Name and device. Or, four arrows fretted in cross sable, within a laurel wreath vert.

No one could find any support for this form of a placename, and RfS II.b.i. requires that "Names of branches must follow the patterns of period place-names." "Want of arrow" or even the alternate meaning of "dark arrow" does not do this.[1]

A similar design was returned in July 1993 "because the arrows are pointing in four different directions, the blazon required to describe it would be so complex as to clearly show the non-period style of the submission." We have the same problem here.

Ashikaga Hiromoto. Device. Per pale vert and sable, on a fan within and conjoined to an annulet Or, a roundel per pale embowed-counterembowed vert and sable.

Conflict with Satake (Hawley's Mon, p. 59), On a fan conjoined to an annulet , a roundel. There is only the fieldless CD.

Ashikaga Hiromoto. Badge. [Fieldless] On a fan within and conjoined to an annulet Or, a roundel per pale embowed-counterembowed vert and sable.

Conflict with Satake (Hawley's Mon, p. 59), On a fan conjoined to an annulet , a roundel. There is only the fieldless CD.

Brianna Ashinagh. Device. Argent chaussé sable, on a caltrap inverted sable, a fox's mask argent, in chief a paw print sable.

We are able to completely avoid the issue of the identifiability of a "caltrap inverted" (which is a problem) because the one here is drawn as a mullet of three points, which has been disallowed for some time now.

Brianna Ashinagh. Badge. [Fieldless] On a caltrap inverted sable a fox's mask argent.

We are able to completely avoid the issue of the identifiability of a "caltrap inverted" (which is a problem) because the one here is drawn as a mullet of three points, which has been disallowed for some time now.

Dunstan Dangar of Shaddowe Woode. Device. Gyronny argent and gules, a maltese cross between three roundels counterchanged.

The consensus among the commenters and those at the Laurel meeting was that this was excessively counterchanged, falling afoul of RfS VIII.3 ("Elements must be used in a design so as to preserve their individual identifiability.") The design is confusing visually, and it takes the eye some time to sort the various elements out correctly.

Eric of Chester. Device. Per bend gules and sable, in bend a Latin cross and a decrescent argent.

The arrangement of the charges on the field is extremely unusual, and difficult to blazon adequately. They are too close together, crowding into the middle of the field, and are nearly as much in fess as they are in bend. None of the commenters could find any period coats arranged this way. Would the submitter consider the more standard arrangement of one charge on each side of the line of division?

Rashid al-Hilal. Name.

Hilal is a given name which does not appear to have been used with the article al-. Nor does "the Crescent" appear to follow the pattern of Arabic bynames with which we are familiar. Would the submitter consider Rashid ibn Hilal?

The device was registered under the holding name Lucian of Troll Fen.

Rashid al-Hilal. Badge. [Fieldless] Two peacock's heads addorsed and entwined, issuant from a crescent Or.

Conflict with Mori (Hawley's Mon, p. 48), A Japanese crane displayed. There is the fieldless CD, but visually the only change is the addition of a second head. The crescent in this submission is almost exactly the same shape as the wings of the Japanese crane, without the internal detailing.

Trevor Arrowsmith. Name and device. Per pale argent and purpure, on a flame a pheon, on a chief three roses seeded counterchanged.

Though the occupational byname is fine, with citations to the 14th Century, Trevor is a locative surname, from the Welsh tref fawr, "large homestead". The client needs a given name here.

Though a number of examples of multi-layer counterchanging were presented by Pennon, the counterchanging of a complex charge (the pheon) on another complex charge (the flame) here makes the identifiability of either problematical. Initial reactions at Laurel's were of a "flame voided counterchanged", with the pheon only becoming apparent after looking more closely at the design. As Pennon noted, "If all of the charges remain clearly identifiable, there should be no problem." That is not the case here.

The badge was registered under the holding name James of Troll Fen.

Ulrich Maximilian Neidlinger. Device. Azure, a bend Or, overall a wyvern argent, on a chief gules, three cow's heads cabossed argent.

The chief is color on color, and therefore disallowed per RfS VIII.2.b.i.

MIDDLE

Brand the Black. Device. Checky sable and Or, a seawolf argent.

Conflict with HMSubmarine Seawolf, Azure, a seawolf argent. There is only one CD, for the changes to the field.

Gwenhwyvar Nocturnal. Badge. [Fieldless] Two quill pens crossed in saltire argent, within and conjoined to an annulet Or.

There are two problems here. The first is that the pens are not drawn "within" the annulet, but slightly overlapping it. This sort of "betwixt and between" rendering, not within but not overall, has been cause for return in the past. Second, it conflicts with Abe (Hawley's Mon, p. 51), Two feathers in saltire within an annulet. There is only the fieldless CD.

Lloyd of Penrose. Badge for House Penrose. Per pale Or and gules, a Latin cross counterchanged.

Conflict with Clopton (Papworth, p. 617), Per pale Or and gules, a cross patty counterchanged. While there is easily a CD between the types of cross, none of the commenters saw the change as sufficiently substantial to allow us to invoke X.2.

OUTLANDS

Aleksandrina Petrovna Danilova. Badge for House Hidden Grove. Argent, a willow tree eradicated sable within an orle of ivy vines vert.

Though accidentally left off the blazon, the ivy vines are indeed, as most commenters correctly guessed, vert. Conflict with Kornhooper (Woodward, cited in Combo II, p. 259), Argent, a dry tree sable, with one CD for the addition of the ivy. Conflict also with Ruadhan of Shadowwood (SCA), Argent, a tree eradicated sable, its roots entwining two swords inverted in saltire, a bordure vert, with a CD for changing the type of peripheral charge, but nothing for the (minor) change to type of tree or for the maintained swords.

Siobhan Eliot. Device. Argent, on a cross between four needles gules a cat rampant argent.

Conflict with Pile (Papworth, p. 646), Argent, a cross between four nails gules. There is a CD for the addition of the tertiary cat, but the difference between nails and needles is not sufficiently large to grant a second.

WEST

Rose de Le Mans. Badge. (Fieldless) A phoenix vert rising from flames proper.

Conflict with Seti (Hawley's Mon,p. 50), A phoenix displayed. There is only the fieldless CD.

THE FOLLOWING HAVE BEEN PENDED UNTIL THE FEBRUARY 1995 LAUREL MEETING:

CAID

Ristil ingen Cathail. Device. Per fess vert and azure, two escallops argent and a sea-horse naiant reguardant argent tailed vert, a bordure embattled argent.

Submitted on the LoI as Ristil MacCathail, the name was registered as above on the August 1994 LoAR.

Blazoned as "proper" on the LoI, there does not seem to be a default "proper" for heraldic seahorses. The tinctures should be specified. We have pended this for research under the correct tinctures.

[1] TOX-AWFUL-LIGHT

Arrow wan and arrow pale:

Both are deadly as they sail

High above the churning mud

And fall to pierce the best-wrought mail.

Arrows wan are dark in hue -

Check the OED: it's true! -

Arrows pale are made of ash,

But both fly true from bows of yew.

Arrow Wan, fly straight and true,

Back to those who fancy you.

Disappointment is their lot

Until they learn what names are not.

[Doggerel by Palimpsest.]