LoAR

of the College of Arms
of the
Society for Creative Anachronism, Inc.

April 1997



AN TIR


Adriana the Fierce. Badge. (Fieldless) In saltire a stag's attire and a unicorn's horn sable.

Benjamin Hardcastle. Name and device. Azure, a saltire purpure fimbriated Or overall a castle argent.

Bryan Williamson. Device. Per fess azure and gules, a pillar argent between two swords inverted proper.

Catriona Stiubhard. Name.

Christopher Edward Hawkins. Badge. Sable, a decrescent Or.

Fjordland, Shire of. Name.

Genevieve Marie Etiennette de Montagne. Device change. Per chevron purpure and gules, two hummingbirds rising respectant wings addorsed and a decrescent Or.
Her previous device, Per chevron purpure and vert two hummingbirds rising respectant wings addorsed and a decrescent Or., is hereby released.

Genevieve Marie Etiennette de Montagne. Badge. (Fieldless) A hummingbird rising wings addorsed Or.

Muirgheal ní Sheanacháin. Device. Sable, three mullets in bend argent, and a ford proper.

Richard of Sussex. Name and device. Argent, on a pile raguly gules a Celtic cross Or.

Seth Foxley. Name.

Spakbjorn de Olnei. Badge. Per saltire Or and gules, in pale two mullets sable.

Valerienne de Menton. Name and device. Gules, a sinister hand couped apaumy and on a chief Or three mascles interlaced gules.
Please ask the submitter to draw the mascles thicker.

Valerienne de Menton. Badge. (Fieldless) Three mascles interlaced in fess gules.
Please ask the submitter to draw the mascles thicker.

William Dermot MacPherson. Name.

Wyewood, Canton of. Name.

Yvette Merle. Name and device. Azure, a quarter-sun issuant from dexter chief Or and a ford proper.

ANSTEORRA

Anna Caitlin MacFergus. Household name for Clan MacFergus.

Chiara Francesca Arianna d'Onofrio. Device. Azure, a herald's staff argent between a dolphin urinant and a dolphin urinant contourny Or.

Isobel Margaret de Forbeys. Name and device. Vert, two chevronels and in base a greyhound sejant argent collared gules.

John de Irwyne. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Meredudd Brangwyn. Device. Per saltire gules and pean, a fret argent.
Please ask the submitter to draw the fret smaller and with some field showing between the mascle and the saltorel.

Seward Olafson. Name.

Vladimir Vitalievich Volkov. Device. Per pale argent ermined purpure and purpure, an annulet Or.

ATLANTIA

Arielle the Golden. Name.
The name Ariel is found in the Bible, in Ezra, as the name of a male leader. While no one could produce documentation showing that Arielle is a period name, Hebrew names of this sort are frequently feminized by adding an "a" or an "e" at the end. For instance, Rafael bcomes Rafaelle, Gabriel becomes Gabrielle, Uriel becomes Urielle, Michael becomes Michaela, etc. Since our sources for period Hebrew names give us many more for men than for women, we are registering this as a compatible name.

Elena of Nottingham. Name and device. Gules, a dogwood blossom argent, a bordure compony sable and Or.

Gwendolen ferch Cadwaladr ap Rhys. Name and device. Per chevron Or and purpure, a dragon passant Or, a bordure embattled counterchanged.

Katherine Maunsel. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Kevin of Thornbury. Badge. (Fieldless) A cross crosslet fitchy per pale azure and Or.

Klaus zü der Bach. Name.

Margery Marche. Name.

Moira Glanny. Name.

Robert Grys. Name and device. Vert, two foxes combattant and on a chief argent three pheons sable.

Sacred Stone, Barony of the. Badge for the Order of the Yeomen of the Sacred Stone. Argent, a fist vert issuant from flames proper and maintaining an arrow reversed vert its head engulfed in flames proper.

Sigrid Wilhelm. Name and device. Azure, a bend dancetty between two dragons segreant argent.

Sionán ó Cruimin. Name and device. Sable, a rabbit statant, a bordure argent.

Stanislav von Neuland. Device. Per fess pean and erminois, a boar statant contourny Or and a base rayonny gules.

Wil Elmsford. Device. Vert, a unicorn's head couped between three quatrefoils barbed argent.

Wulfbrand Weigand. Household name for Haus Weigand and badge. (Fieldless) A double-headed eagle displayed per pale azure and Or.

CAID

Aelfthryth Healfdene. Name.

Alric the Red. Name and device. Gules, a lion's head cabossed Or between two pallets counter-compony sable and argent.
Submitted as Alrik the Red, the documentation for the spelling Alrik is taken from a book by Gwyn Jones. While Gwyn Jones is a well known scholar, he is not a linguist or an onomasticist, and does not really care too much on how he transliterates Scandinavian names. We have therefore changed the final "k" to "c", to make it match an attested form.

Angele Plaisance. Name and device. Per pale purpure and vert, an annulet and a pair of wings conjoined in pale Or.
Submitted as Angéle Plaisance, the form in Dauzat is actually Angèle, with a post-period accent grave. We have removed the accent mark.

Caid, Kingdom of. Order name for Order of Chiron (see RETURNS for badge).

Caid, Kingdom of. Order name for The Order of the White Scarf of Caid.
Crescent has provided copies of letter of permission to conflict from all signers of the White Scarf treaty. While normally adding the name of an SCA group is not sufficient to clear conflict, this is sufficiently different in conjunction with a letter of permission.

Ciorsdan inghean an Fhucadair. Name and device. Argent, a unicorn rampant purpure on a chief vert three roses argent barbed and seeded Or.
Submitted as Ciorsdan inghean Fucadair, the form of the byname was taken from an entry in Black for MacNucator, which represents the Gaelic mac an fhucadair, which includes the definite article (which seems to be more common than not for patronyms taken from occupations). In this case, the feminine form would be simply to substitute inghean, which we have done.

Constance Sabledrake. Name and device. Or, a melusine argent tailed vert crined gules, in chief a bow proper.
"Sabledrake" is the registered byname of the submitter's father, and so is grandfathered to her.

Dante Lizza da Benevento. Name and device. Argent, a cross sable between in chief two compass stars and surmounted by a demi-sun issuant from base gules.
Submitted as Dante Lizza de Benevento, Benevento is a place name, and therefore in Italian takes "da" the standard Italian locative preposition, not "de".

Edith of York. Name change from Edith of Warwick.
Edith of Warwick is retained as an alternate name.

Elizabeth Greene. Name.

Faoiltighearna ní Dhuinn. Name.
Submitted as Faoiltighearna Inghean Uí Dhuinn, the modern feminine form of the patronymic would be, ní Dhuinn, which appears to have been in use by the end of our period.

Guenevere Marian Coe. Name and device. Argent, a pale wavy vert between two ravens close sable.

Gwendolen of Cairnryan. Name.

Jean le Vantard. Name.

Karol Gartenheit. Badge. Per bend sinister Or and azure, in fess a card pique inverted and a jonquil blossom counterchanged.

Míchél MacDara. Name and device. Vert, on a pile embattled Or a tree eradicated sable.

Patrice d'Cilla. Device correction. Sable, a pegasus segreant argent in dexter chief a dove descending gules fimbriated argent.
The submitter's name and original device, Sable, in base a pegasus rampant argent, in dexter chief a dove descending gules fimbriated argent, were registered in June 1975. The current armorial shows Sable, in base a horse passant argent, in canton a dove descendant gules, fimbriated argent as being registered to her in January 1980, with no record of the older registration.
It is her belief that her original device was changed by person or persons unknown without her permission by replacing the pegasus with a horse. It is her desire to have the original form of her device restored. The records in her file do not clearly show what happened with the change. Therefore, since we cannot tell what happened, and since several members of the college checked the original form for conflicts, and did not find any, we are giving her the benefit of the doubt and restoring her original form.
Her former device Sable, in base a horse passant argent, in canton a dove descendant gules, fimbriated argent., is hereby released.

Perrin Ghelincx. Device. Or, two lynxes rampant guardant addorsed gules, in chief three ostrich feathers bendwise sinister azure.

R rik Sverðmaðr. Name and device. Per saltire sable and azure, a sword inverted within a sea-serpent involved head to base argent.
Submitted as Rorik Sverðmaðr, the submitter thought that " " was an "o" with an accent. It is in fact a distinct vowel of it own, and we have restored the name to its correct form.

San Ambrogio College of. Badge for the Guild of San Filemone. Badge. (Fieldless) Issuant from a clarion Or three candles argent flamment proper.

Seosaidh MacFaoilchéire. Badge. (Fieldless) A wolf 's head contourny within and conjoined in base to an annulet argent.

Seosaidh MacFaoilchéire. Badge. Sable, a bend sinister dancetty argent.

Steinsee, Canton of. Warband die Steiner Wache.
Submitted as a Warband Steinwache, German construction for the meaning offered in the LoI would make an adjective out of the place-name: die Steiner Wache.

Thomas Whitehart. Name.

Veronique de Viennois. Name.
Submitted on the letter of intent as Véronique de Viennois, the form submitted at kingdom did not have an accent. The use of accents in French is at best a late phenomenon. Since the accent was added in kingdom, we have restored the submitter's original form.

Vivian of Silverlake. Device. Per bend vert and Or, a drop spindle proper threaded argent and a brown dog sejant guardant proper.

CALONTIR

Alill Mac Bard de Kermichel. Name and device. Vert, four oak leaves conjoined in cross and fructed within and conjoined to an annulet in chief three harps Or.
Submitted as Ailill Mac Baird de Kermiche, the name combines a Gaelic forename with the locative and surname in Anglicized Gaelic. Since we don't combine the two orthographies, we must ensure that the orthographies are compatible. A phonetic English rendering, judging by the Irished versions of a number of non-Irish names (as given by Woulfe), gives us Alill as a likely English spelling of the name.

Akitsuki Yoshimitsu. Badge. Purpure, a candle flammant Or.
A possible conflict was called against Gilraen of Regen (SCA), Vert, a candle and candlestick flamant Or. After examining both emblazons, the candlestick was significant enough to provide the necessary difference.

Alaric von Thurn. Name (see RETURNS for device).
Submitted as Alaric Von Thurn, the "v" in von should not be capitalized.

Anna de Curson. Device. Per pale purpure and argent, three towers in bend between two roses counterchanged.

Archibald Michael Mac Robert. Device. Or, a stag's attire bendwise sinister gules and on a chief sable, an arrow reversed argent.
Please instruct the submitter to draw the stag's attire as it was drawn in the mini emblazon, and not like the large colored emblazon.

Aston Tor, Canton of. Name and device. Per chevron enhanced Or and vert, a flame within a Laurel wreath Or.
While we are registering this, we are calling on the College for a discussion as to whether we should continue to allow "per chevron enhanced". See the cover letter for more details.

Conamail ó Laochdha. Name.

Dougal Duncanson. Name and device. Argent estencely gules, a keythong's head erased and on a chief azure three fleurs-de-lys argent.

Elsbeth of Northshield. Name.

Felix Gruenstrasse. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Hirsch Ross Eichmann. Device. Or, a oak tree fructed proper and on a chief gules three stag's attires Or.

John of Coventry. Name change from John the Lost.
The submitter's former name, John the Lost, is hereby released.

Nicolette aux Sabots Chevelus. Name and device. Azure, a horse's leg couped argent and a bordure argent semy de lys sable.

Samuel Blakwode. Name.

Seraphima Iaroslava Suvorova. Name.v

Tiberius Marius Scutarius. Name.

Toirrdelbach Ua Máel Doraid. Device change. Or, a cross vert and a chief gules.
The submitter's former device, Or, a Celtic cross vert within a bordure pean., is hereby released.

Yoshihiro Tadamitsu. Name.

DRACHENWALD

Anna Tuomaantytär von Urwald. Device change. Sable, a mullet and a base wavy argent.
Her former device, Gyronny sable and argent, a mullet counterchanged., is to be retained as a badge

Bianca Caterina dei Medici. Name and device. Azure, an obelisk between six roundels one, two, two and one and on a chief Or three mullets azure.

Celestinus MacCriomhthainn. Badge. Argent, a wolf's head cabossed within an orle of roundels sable.

Elizabeth Hollingsworth. Name.

Fionndaire Fearcuairt. Name and device. Per pale azure and sable, a falcon volant to sinister maintaining in its claws an oak slip argent.
Please tell the submitter that while Fionndaire Fearcuairt is registerable, it may not mean what he wants. Although `pilgrim' is one possible meaning of fearcuairt, it doesn't seem to be the primary sense. Dwelly glosses it `a sojourner, visitor, tourist'. It's a compound of fear `man' and cuairt `circle, circuit, cycle, zone, circumference; circulation; round; expedition, excursion, tour, journey, walk, pilgrimage; visit, sojourning' (and other senses of little interest here). However, the DIL has an early Irish word that clearly does mean `pilgrim': it appears as an Irish gloss on the medieval Latin romipeta `pilgrim to Rome'. The word is ailithrech or oilithrech, in modern Irish oilithreach. If that's really the desired meaning, we suggest Fionndaire Oilithreach.

EAST

Alastar O'Rogan. Name.

Alianora Roseland. Name and device. Argent, a decrescent azure between three roses gules barbed vert.

Almarr of Odder. Name and device. Azure, three portcullises argent.
Nice armory!

André l'épervier. Device. Or, a chevron inverted sable, overall an eagle displayed vert.
Please advise the submitter to draw the eagle a little smaller.

Angus of Argyll. Name and device. Vair, a pavilion sable.
Submitted as Angus Campbell of Argyll, the combination of Campbell of Argyll is not allowed in the SCA. "The use of the name Campbell of Argyll in modern mundane usage is tantamount to a claim of kinship with the chief and it will be so taken by the bulk of members of the Society, causing offense to some." (Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane, LoAR August 1987, p. 16) "As Tir Connell was the seat of the chief sept of the O'Donnells, it may not be used with the name O'Donnell just as Argyll may not be used with Campbell." (Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane, LoAR 25 January 1987, p. 10). We could not just drop the "of Argyll", as because of V.1.a.ii.(a), "Bynames of Relationship." While it is true that Angus Campbell need not be a member of Clan Campbell, we believe that someone named Angus who wanted to indicate his membership of Clan Campbell could legitimately be called Angus Campbell. The rules are not clear whether two bynames differ when their meanings are neither precisely the same nor completely different, and so this falls into a gray area. After much thought and discussion it was our conclusion that the two names are in conflict. We have dropped the conflicting element in order to register the name.

Asa de Tanet. Device. Per chevron sable and argent, two plates each charged with a mullet and a lion's head cabossed sable.

Aubrey Sparewe. Name and device. Argent, a feather a bordure sable.

Avan Silverheart. Device. Argent, on a wyvern displayed sable a heart argent, a bordure purpure.

Ben the Steward. Name and device. Vert, seven trees three three and one a bordure embattled argent.

Ben the Steward. Badge. Vert, three trees one and two within a bordure embattled argent

Brión mag Fhloinn. Name.

Caitlin ni Chinneidigh. Device. Per pale azure and vert, a wyvern statant wings displayed and a chief embattled Or.

Caterina Gioacchini. Name and device. Gules, a maunch argent and a chief argent semy of ears of wheat gules.

Dierk zem Grauen Wolf. Device. Per pale argent and sable, a tower between in chief two swords counterchanged.

Dietrich Schwelgengräber. Name and device. Per chevron ployé vert and sable, three monkeys rampant Or.

Douglas Cameron Fitzrery. Device. Per bend sinister vert and azure, all semy-de-lys, on a bend sinister argent an ivy vine sable.

Dylan ap Maelgwn. Device change. Argent, a wolf's head caboshed sable and two gussets gules.
His previous device, Argent, two gussets gules, each charged with a fountain, in chief a wolf's head cabossed sable., is hereby released.

Eduard von Konstanz. Name and device. Quarterly argent and gules, an eagle displayed and on a chief sable three suns argent.

Eric of Burgundy. Name.

Faílenn Dubshúlech. Name and device. Sable, a cat passant argent collared purpure chained argent a bordure ermine.
Submitted Faílenn Dub, the submitter wanted the name to mean Faílenn the dark-eyed We have changed it to the appropriate form.

Garrett Shadwell. Name and device. Quarterly argent and vert, in dexter chief an eagle's head erased sable.
Please inform the submitter that Gerard Schadwell would be a better form for Northern England in 1250-1350.

Haldis Hakonsdottir au Hrafnafirdi. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Iain Kyle the Red. Name and device. Argent, a catamount passant contourny, on a chief triangular sable a dagger argent.
It is not clear as to whether this spelling of Iain is a period form. While we would like to see some conclusive research on this subject, we also feel that this is a name that is popular in the SCA. Since it has been registered over 40 times, we are declaring it SCA compatible, and hope that further research will prove that this was unnecessary.

Ivan Jarnev. Badge. (Fieldless) A sword inverted sable, winged argent.

Johanna le Mercer. Name and device. Argent, a tower bendwise vert.

Joshua Redhawk. Name and device. Or, a hawk rising wings elevated and addorsed between three crescents gules.

Kazimira Suchenko. Name.
Submitted Kazatimira Suchenko, there was no documentation for Kazatirira, and no one in the college could provide any. There is no period documentation for Kazimira, but it can be inferred from Kazimir.

Margarita Alegria Gonzalvo. Name and device. Vert semy of daisies Or, a serpent glissant palewise argent.
While registerable, the forms Margarita Gonzalvo Alegria, and Margarita Alegria Gonzalvez would be much more likely.

Margarita Alegria Gonzalvo. Badge. (Fieldless) A daisy argent seeded Or within and conjoined to a serpent involved in annulo vert.

Marguérite de Bordeaux. Name.

Marguerite Chartier. Device. Per bend Or and vert, a hare salient contourny counterchanged.

Meryk the Rogue. Name and device. Sable, on a lozenge argent a sea griffin contourny purpure.

Mikael O'Cahan. Name.

Minerva la Juste. Name.

Onora O'Mulryan. Name.

Patricio de Cordoba. Name and device. Sable, in pale an eagle displayed and a cup argent, a bordure Or.

Prudence the Curious. Badge. (Fieldless) On a cogwheel vert, an egg argent.

Renier van Noordpas. Name and device. Argent, a pair of calipers azure, between its points a quatrefoil pierced gules, a bordure potenty azure.
Submitted as Renier vander Noordgang, the correct form would be van Noordpas.

Symon Quixwood. Name and device. Bendy gules and Or, three oak leaves sable.

Ted Hebert. Name and device. Argent, a brown bear statant erect affronty proper, in chief three hearts gules.

Þorsteinn Ørrabein. Name and device. Gules, a mallet between two rocks argent.

Victor of Shrewsbury. Device. Per chevron vert and argent, two open books and a hood counterchanged.

Victor of Shrewsbury. Badge. Purpure, a pavilion argent within an orle of annulets Or.

William Montagu du Vert. Device change. Or, a griffin segreant a bordure embattled vert.
His previous device, Azure, a tortoise tergiant Or and on a chief invected argent a drakkar sailing to sinister sable., is hereby released.

William Shipley. Name and device. Per bend vert and argent, a dog passant contourny between in bend sinister two sets of three mullets two and one counterchanged.

Wilthein Wisbram. Name.
Submitted as Willthein Wistbram, Willthein was constructed from themes in Searle. However, Will- does not have its own real entry in Searle: it's referred to Wil-. Therefore we have changed to given name to Wilthein. Wistbram was also a constructed name. It too was incorrectly constructed and we have substituted the closest believable form.

Wulstan of Ravenswood. Name and device. Per bend sinister vairy vert and Or and gules, a raven contourny sable and three cups in bend sinister Or.

Ygerne Darras. Name and device. Argent, on a pale vert between two pegasi combattant sable, an elm leaf bendwise sinister between two roses argent.

MERIDIES

Aine ni Sheachnasaigh. Name change from Aine O'Seachnasaigh.
Submitted as Aine ní Seachnasaigh, the ni causes lenition, so we have put it into the proper form. Additionally, if the ni has a fade, the forename would also need one. Therefore, we have simplified matters by removing it from the forename.

Ari Wilhelmsen. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Cordell Drumroe. Name.
Submitted as Cordula O'Drumroe, this name has two serious problems. First of all there is no real documentation for Cordula as a period given name; we have substituted the documented Cordell Drumroe is an Anglicization of a Gaelic phrase meaning `red ridge'. Therefore, O'Drumroe is not a legitimate construction: it's hard to be a descendant of a red ridge. We have substituted the documented Drumroe.

Godwine of Sherborne. Device. Per bend Bendy sinister azure and argent, two narwhales hauriant respectant, horns crossed in saltire, gules.

Richard Stewart of Saint Andrews. Name.
Submitted as Richard Stewart of St. Andrews, we do not use scribal abbreviations. Therefore, we have spelled out Saint.

Tomás ó Niallagáin. Name.
Submitted as Thomass Niallagan, there are several problems with the name. First this name combines Gaelic and English orthographies in the same name. Second, the extra "s" in Thomass seems to be unjustifiable. Moreover, Irish doesn't use unmodified given names as bynames: he may be a descendant of Niallagán, but that fact has to be indicated in the usual way, with mac or ó. We have substituted the closest Gaelic name to what was submitted.

Thor's Mountain, Barony of. Order name (see RETURNS for badge).

Tir Briste, Shire of. Name change from Shire of Yeomans Wood (see RETURNS for device).
The former name, Shire of Yeomans Wood is hereby released.

MIDDLE

Aelfwyn of Longwood. Device. Per pale and per saltire gules and argent, three boars statant in annulo sable.

Aeneas Oakhammer. Name.
Submitted as Aeneas Oak Hammer, medieval names would combine the two elements into one.

Anna Virago of Vest Yorvik. Name.
Vest Yorvik is the registered name of her group.

Arlette des Saules. Name and device. Azure, on a pall inverted between three fleurs-de-lys argent a decrescent azure.

Benedict Badulf Randulfson. Name change from Trevor Johnathan Ivez de Mintestede
Submitted as Benedict Badulf Randulfusson, Randulfus is a Latinized form. Therefore, to add ---son to it, the Latinate -us is removed and then the -son is added to get Randulfson.

Brianna Magennis. Name and device. Gyronny arrondi vert and Or, an apple tree eradicated sable fructed Or a bordure sable.

Cecilia Bernadette. Name and device. Per pale azure and vert, two harps and a columbine argent.
Please instruct the submitter to draw the harps larger, so to make this clearly one primary group.

Culann Mac Cruimein. Badge. (Fieldless) A skunk couchant contourny, tail erect sable marked argent.

Daniel of Glamis. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Dinas Gardd, Canton of. Badge (Fieldless) A Catherine wheel per pale gules and argent.

Dolcia Bourdon. Badge. Vert, a bat displayed within an orle of caltrops, points to center, argent.

Edward the Archer. Name.

Elayne Doret. Name.

Ethelreda the Wise. Name and device. Ermine, an owl displayed vert maintaining a rat gules, on a chief vert three acorns inverted slipped and leaved argent.

Evzenie Apolena Vitkovic. Device. Argent, a lion rampant doubly-queued sable between six roses in annulo proper, a chief lozengy gules and Or.

Gaerwen of Trafford. Device. Lozengy vert and argent, a crane in its vigilance and on a chief Or three escallops sable.

Gerhardt Schleusemann. Name.
Submitted as Gerhardt Schleusemann von Zeichen, no documentation was presented for a place named Zeichen, and none could be produced by anyone in the College. Therefore, we have dropped the questionable element in order to register the name.

Gilchrist MacArthur. Name.

Gwyn ap Gweir. Device. Gules, three thistles in bend argent.

Gwynethe of Glastonbury. Device. Per bend sinister sable and Or, a quill pen bendwise sinister and a hound's head erased, counterchanged.

Hartmann von Augsburg. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Ian Mac Tawisch. Name and device. Quarterly azure and argent, two stag s heads couped contourny argent.
It is not clear as to whether this spelling of Ian is a period form. While we would like to see some conclusive research on this subject, we also feel that this is a name that is popular in the SCA. Since it has been registered over 100 times, we are declaring it SCA compatible, and hope that further research will prove that this was unnecessary.

Ione Linch. Name.

Judith of Moreton Pinkney. Name.

Julie of Tirnewydd. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Quarterly gules and argent, a lion s head caboshed Or a bordure counterchanged.
The armory was submitted under the name Alameda de los Leones Marcela Viscamo Hidalgo Marques y Torres.

Larissa Montgomery. Name (see RETURNS for device).
Submitted as Larissa of Montgomeri, we have changed it to a more likely form.

Oleg Ivonovich. Name and device. Per pale sable and vert, a bear rampant contourny argent.

Onuphrius Dru Overende. Badge. (Fieldless) A winged serpent erect ermine.

Osric Ironarm. Name.
Please inform the submitter that Osric Yrenarm or Irenarm would be more authentic forms.

Percival ap Gwilym Trefynwy. Badge. (Fieldless) An opinicus passant Or.

Phebe Bonadeci. Name and device. Or, three chevronels braced azure between three bats displayed gules.
Submitted as Phebe Bonodita, the byname was incorrectly constructed. We have corrected to the proper form.

Rhiell ferch Tegan. Name.

Richard Larmer. Device. Gules, a boar's head couped Or, on a chief ermine three gouttes de larmes.
Nice cant.

Rustique de Suard. Name and device. Gyronny purpure and argent, a heart sable.

Solveig Gunnadóttir ór Úlfey. Badge. Per pale Or and argent, a lozenge sable.

Toke Magnusson. Name.

William Maltravers. Name and device. Azure, an elephant's head cabossed Or armed argent, on a chief Or a sun azure.

Wolfram von Stuttgart. Name.
Submitted as Wolfram von Stüttgart, there is no umlaut in Stuttgart, so we have removed it.

OUTLANDS

Alexandra McVicar of Dornoch. Name and device. Per chevron indented vert and argent, two towers argent and a fox sejant affronty proper.

Alexis von Bremen. Name and device. Per pale wavy azure and argent, in pale three pairs of arrows fesswise heads to center counterchanged.

Ariel Ramsey of Skye. Name and device. Per fess azure and argent, a phoenix argent rising from flames proper.
Submitted as Aryel Ramsey of Skye, the standard transliteration of Ariel is with an "i", not a "y".

Bohémond le Sinistre. Name and device. Per bend sinister argent and checky argent and sable, on a bend sinister gules a sword inverted argent, in chief an elephant's head cabossed sable.
Submitted as Bohemond le Sinistré, the accent belongs on the given name, not the byname.

Eilonwy Gwyngeffyl. Name and device. Azure, a unicorn's horn bendwise sinister argent.
Submitted as Eilonwy Gwynceffy, in a close compound, as here, the second element would lenite and become Gwyngeffyl.

Elsbeth of al-Barran. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Purpure, a catamount's head cabossed Or between flaunches argent, a bordure erminois.
The armory was submitted under the name Mikhailina Ivanova Korabelnikovichin.

Estrid Ketilsdottir. Name and device. Quarterly vert and argent ermined vert, in bend two Thespian masks argent.
Submitted as Estrid Ketilsdóttir, we have removed the inappropriate accent. Note that since we consider all of the ermine variants tinctures, the second and third quarters are plain fields by our rules, and this is not marshalled armory.

étaín of Durham. Name and device. Azure, a chevron argent between three escallops inverted one and two Or and a crescent argent.

Gareth de Bailli. Name and device. Azure, a Saxon feogh rune between two bars Or.

Johannes Linkehant. Name.

Kane MacClure. Name and device. Sable, a bend sinister argent scaly gules between a unicorn's head couped and a roundel argent.
Please inform the submitter that the scales need to be oriented to match the bend, not the field.

Liadan ingen Lochlainn. Name.

Lyulf Williamson. Name and device. Gules, a demi-wolf erased at the hip rampant to sinister argent, a chief embattled checky argent and sable.

Ragnarr Halfdan. Name.

TRIMARIS

Atalaya la Sanadora. Household name for House of the Four Pheons
This is to be associated with her badge, Argent, a cross of four pheons conjoined at the point gules.

Atalaya la Sanadora. Badge. Sable, a bear salient to sinister Or.

Dulcinea Steinhauser. Name.

Síle of Oldenfeld. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Vert, on a bend between two lizards tergiant Or three axes palewise sable.
Submitted as Sìle à neo-fhaicsinneach, we have corrected the direction of the fada in Síle.

Tóki Gunnarsson. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Zophar Dragon. Name and device. Per bend Or and azure scaly argent, a wooden dragon headed staff proper and a ram's horn reversed Or.

Zophar Dragon. Badge. (Fieldless) A ram's horn reversed sable.

WEST

Catrin Fitzpatrick. Name.

Cole the Miner. Name and device. Per fess enarched gules and vert, on a dexter hand apaumy argent issuant from the line of division, a lozenge sable.

Eilionair Nic Griogair. Name.

Gregor Vörös. Device. Sable, a Greek sphinx sejant Or, and on a bordure argent, three crescents sable.

Saint Gildas the Wise, College of. Device. Purpure, a lion passant dismembered, maintaining a torch, within a laurel wreath Or.
Please instruct the submitter in the proper way to show dismemberment.

Seóna Dunliath ní Sheachnasaigh. Name
The question was raised in commentary as to whether this was feminizing a Gaelic name by adding "-a". It is not, but instead is Gaelicizing a feminine name already ending in "-a".Since ó Corráin & Maguire document Seón as a period Gaelicization of English John, it is reasonable to postulate a parallel Gaelicization of English Jo(h)anna as Seóna.

THE FOLLOWING HAVE BEEN RETURNED FOR FURTHER WORK:

AN TIR

None!

ANSTEORRA

John de Irwyne. Device. Gules estencely, a doubly-arched bridge argent and a ford proper.
This is being returned for violating the rules of tincture. The field is gules, which is a color, and the ford is colored starting with azure, making the start of the ford color against a color field Reversing the tinctures so the ford starts with argent instead of azure will correct this problem While not a cause for return, please ask the submitter to drawn the estencels smaller.

Sören Thurlin. Device. Sable, a double-bitted axe between two boar-spear heads addorsed fesswise argent.
This is being returned for lack of identifiability of the charges; from any distance the cross and boar-spear heads blend into one unrecognizable mass. RfS VII.7.a. requires that "Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance." If the spear heads were drawn a bit further from the cross, and palewise instead of fesswise, the problem would be corrected.

ATLANTIA

Katherine Maunsel. Device. Argent, in dexter chief a rose azure enflamed proper and a sinister gore azure.
This conflicts with Rebecca of Lancaster (SCA), Argent, a rose azure barbed and seeded proper, a sinister gore azure.

CAID

Aeschine nic Leoid na Ceann Loch na Dallach. Name change from Kateryn of Blackwater.
There are several problems with this name. First this name mixes Gaelic and non-Gaelic names the same name, which is against our rules. The forename, Aeschine, is somewhat obscure, but it apparently isn't Gaelic, and therefore cannot be used in a Gaelic name. Furthermore, the place-name is neither grammatical nor normal period Gaelic locative formation. We have no late period examples of place names formed in this manner, and the grammar of this kind of genitive construction seems to have changed in the modern language, so it is difficult to know how to form any but a simple, early byname of this type. It is certain, however, that na Ceann Loch na Dallach is ungrammatical: the first na makes no sense at all. There is also a question about dallach. It doesn't appear to be correct modern or early Gaelic; our best guess is that it should be dalach, the genitive of dail `field, haugh, land in a bend of a river', but we can't be sure. We evidently have available an Anglicized form of the locative (Kean Loch na Dallach); we have yet to see any evidence that Gaelic even formed locatives from complex place names such as this; why don't we try this in an English context. Now nic Leoid just might pass as Anglicized, given that Black mentions a Torquil M'Leoid de Leohus in 1338, which certainly isn't a Gaelic context. It's hard to say whether nic would stay precisely -- we've got Nyk showing up in the 16th century, but nothing really to go by any earlier. We can work further on the place name from several angles in Black. There's Kinloch, identical to the first two elements -- the medieval forms have an unnerving tendency to insert an epenthetic -de- between the two elements (e.g. Kindelough 1202) but we think this is partly an artifact of the stress pattern, for we don't see it in the following Kinlochie (e.g. Kenlochy 1438). Now, under various Loch-X names, we see that the Anglicized forms tend to run the whole together as a single word, e.g. Lochmalony (1391). We see the same tendency in place names in Johnston (PNS) such as Kenlochrannoch (1532). Taking the na Dallach part in the original as being Anglicized, which is certainly plausible, we can come up with something like Kenlochnadallach for a whole along the lines of Aeschine nic Leoid of/de Kenlochnadallach, for a fully Anglicized form of the name.

Caid Kingdom of. Badge for the Order of Chiron. Azure, a sagittary passant argent.
This conflicts with Sumer Redmaene (SCA) Purpure, a centauress argent crined gules hooved and nippled Or with a wreath of nasturturms proper in her hair., with only one CD for the difference in the field.

Chrétienne Angèle de Courtenay. Household name and badge for Domus Solaris. Per fess argent and sable, a sun eclipsed of the field counterchanged and in base three mullets of eight points argent.
The name is being returned for conflict with the Solar Herald of Atenveldt. Both the designator Domus and the designator Herald are transparent, and the name of an SCA group does not count for different, leaving Solar versus Solaris, which is a conflict. The armory is being returned for violating the "sword and dagger rule". The "mullets of eight points" are drawn, and should be blazoned, as compass stars. And while suns and compass stars are blazonably different charges, the difference here is insignificant. "There's ...no difference between suns and multi-pointed mullets --- which includes compass stars." (Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme, LoAR June 1993, p. 18) As a consequence, this falls afoul of the ban on "different but similar" charges on the field precedents. ([In chief a patriarchal cross and in base three Latin crosses] "The consensus among the commenters was fairly strong that this violates the ban on using two variants of a single charge type in a single group of charges (the `sword/dagger' rule)." (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR July 1994, p. 10) "If two charges are artistically distinct, but heraldically identical, they should not be used in the same armory. The reason for this is the raison d'etre of heraldry: instant identification. When the eye first sees a design such as, say, Sable, two lions and a Bengal tiger Or, it will be fooled for a moment into seeing three lions, or three tigers. There'll be a moment of confusion until the eye sorts out the almost-but-not-quite-identical charges ...and that confusion is exactly what we try to avoid. The charges, be it noted, need not be in a single group for confusion to arise. Sable, a sword between three daggers argent will suffer the same lack of ready identifiability, despite the sword being primary and the daggers being secondary Nor need the charges necessarily be `artistic variants' of one another, although that is the most common application of the rule: any two charges that are visually indistinct may run afoul of this policy (for instance, Sable, in pale a horseshoe and a torc Or). In general, if there's a CD of difference between the charges, the `sword-dagger' ruling won't apply; less than that, and one takes one's chances. (Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme, Cover Letter with the September 1993 LoAR, p. 5)

Maritsa Milovich. Badge. (Fieldless) A lamb's head cabossed argent.
This conflicts with Carl of Carmarthin (SCA), Azure, masoned argent, a ram's head cabossed argent., with the only difference being for the field, or lack thereof. A lamb's head and a ram's head, both cabossed, are not sufficiently different. Unlike a stag's rack, the prominence of the ram's horns depends very much on the type of ram the artist depicts. If one of the varieties with less prominent horns which lie closer to the head is selected, the lambs ears and the ram's horns will not be as distinct. Furthermore, "As a rule, baby animals are not used in SCA heraldry: they're visually indistinguishable from adult animals, and period examples of their use are rare. Lambs appear to be an exception: not only is the Paschal lamb often found in period armory, but lambs were used for canting purposes (e.g. the arms of Lambert --- or the current submission)." (Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme, LoAR October 1992, p. 12) Given, however, that we would only blazon this as a lamb's head for the sake of a cant, and otherwise would call it a sheep's head, and there is no cant to be formed here, this animal's head falls under the general ban on baby animals -- or baby animal parts.

CALONTIR

Alaric von Thurn. Device. Per chevron throughout invected Or estoilly and sable, in base a hawk displayed wings inverted, head to sinister, argent.
This is being returned for two reasons. First the bird, as colored is not truly white, but rather white marked sable, with so much sable it looks medium grey, not black. The contrast problem is heighten because the field is not colored black, but rather dark grey. The invects on the chevron need to be drawn bigger and bolder.

Felix Gruenstrasse. Device. Per chevron throughout Or and vert, two falcons close respectant sable and four billets in pale Or.
This is being returned for several reasons. This violates VIII.4.a. Pictorial Design, with a highway stretching to the horizon, and VIII.4.b. Modern Insignia, with the center line being a common modern design). Removing the billets would fix both problems.

Lora Anne the Silent. Device change. Barry vert and Or, two flaunches counterchanged.
This is being returned for obtrusive modernity and excessive counterchanging, barring period evidence of flaunches being counterchanged of the field.

Róise ó hUallacháin. Name and device. Per bend sinister azure and argent, a bell argent and a rose inverted azure barbed, slipped, and leaved vert within a bordure gules.
The feminine name Róise needs a feminine form of the patronymic: Róise ní Uallacháin. (The particle ní, unlike ó, does not prefix h to the patronym.) Since the submitter would not take changes, and would not accept a holding name, we are forced to return the armory as well.

Siobhán le Blake. Badge. Purpure, on a quatrefoil throughout Or a trefoil slipped vert.
The proposed blazon is not accurate. A quatrefoil, like other foils, has distinct lobes which meet at a defined central nexus. What was submitted was simply four blobs mushed together, which in this instance, are necessary for the design to work. No one in the college would come up with a better blazon, which strongly suggests that this is not in fact heraldry. It appears to be a very nice artistic design, which may well, be period, but this does not make it heraldry.

Tiberius Marius Scutarius. Device. Vert semy of pheons, on a bend argent a cross of Calatrava elongated in base so as to form a sword inverted vert.
This is being returned for violating RfS VII.7.a. which requires that "Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance.". The "sword hilted of a cross of Calatrava" seriously confounds the identifiability of the charge; it is hard to see it as either a sword variant or as a cross variant.

DRACHENWALD

None!

EAST

Bronwyn Morgan o Aberystwyth. Device change. Lozengy sable and argent, on a bend Or a fleam between two sheaves of arrows all palewise sable.
This is technically in conflict with David of Moorland (SCA), Vert, on a bend Or three Moor's heads couped sable., with only a CD for the field and nothing for change of type only of the tertiaries. The LoI argued that it should be clear of David of Moorland because the sheaves of arrows should be considered groups of seven charges. Unfortunately, visually there are three charges on the bend, not seven, and these two submissions are in conflict.

Haldis Hakonsdottir au Hrafnafirdi. Device. Per chevron sable and gules, a lion-dragon rampant reguardant queue forchy maintaining a standard Or charged within a compass star gules.
This is in conflict with Richard of the Silverdawn (SCA), Gyronny gules and ermine, a lion dragon erect Or., and Emma the Lost (SCA), Per fess wavy ermine and azure, a sealion Or maintaining a trident sable. There is a CD for the field, but nothing for the changes to the head and tail. Even if there were no conflict this would have to be returned for violating our rules on arms of pretense, because of the charged standard. In some period rolls of arms, arms are displayed on standards.

Joseph Bearshoulders of Ashwell. Device. Sable, Saint Michael proper, armored Or, wings displayed argent, holding above his head a sword enflamed proper.
This conflicts with Megara di Alessandra (SCA), Sable, a Fury rampant affrontee, sinister hand lowered, proper vested argent, winged Or, maintaining in the dexter hand a torch bendwise sinister enflamed proper. There is one CD for changing the color of the charge, but nothing for type between one winged humanoid to another.

Lodowick of Grays Inn. Device. Gyronny purpure and argent, a spider web counterchanged.
This is returned for violating our rules on identifiability. A spiderweb is a thin-line charge which does not do well counterchanged against a gyronny field, as here. RfS VIII.3. notes that "Identifiable elements may be rendered unidentifiable by significant reduction in size, marginal contrast, excessive counterchanging...."

Ryggr Ormstunga. Name.
This is returned for lack of a given name. All SCA names must have as a given name, a name which was used as a human being's given name prior to 1600. The documentation on Ryggr was misread by the submitter; it does not support this as a given name, nor could anyone provide evidence for it.

Victor of Shrewsbury. Household name for House Orsorgnes.
The submitter wanted an Anglo-Saxon name meaning House Ostentiousness. However, this name in either English or Anglo-Saxon, does not follow any period exemplars for Household names RfS III.2.b.iv. notes that "Household names must follow the patterns of period names of organized groups of people. Possible models include Scottish clans (Clan Stewart), ruling dynasties (House of Anjou), professional guilds (Baker's Guild of Augsburg, Worshipful Company of Coopers), military units (The White Company), and inns (House of the White Hart)."

Wulstan of Ravenswood. Household name for House Ravensrook.
The earliest dated example of rookery in the OED is from 1725. Since that is after our period, it cannot be used in an SCA name. There are other period forms that would be acceptable, for instance Ravenhurst.

MERIDIES

Ari Wilhelmsen. Device. Azure, a pall between a rose and two sea-horses combatant a bordure argent.
This conflicts with Justinian Rakovec (SCA), Azure, a pall between three chipmunks rampant all within a bordure argent., with one CD for change of type of the secondaries.

Thor's Mountain, Barony of. Badge for Order of the Rams Horn. Sable chape argent, three ram's horns conjoined at the bells in pall inverted argent.
This is being returned for violating RfS VII.7.a. which requires that "Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance. The conjoining of the horns, especially since they appear to be conjoining to something like a Y-joint in the center, increasing their unrecognizability.

Tir Briste, Shire of. Device change. Argent vetu vert, a compass star within a laurel wreath sable.
This conflicts with Amber Lang (SCA), Vert on a lozenge argent, a cat sejant guardant sable. There is only one CD, for changes to the tertiary.

MIDDLE

Alameda de los Leones Marcela Viscamo Hidalgo Marques y Torres. Name.
In discussing the return of this name, I can do no better than to quote Fause Losenge: I'll deal first with the individual elements, then with the construction. The common noun alameda actually refers to a grove of poplar trees, though it now implies a mall or public walk. As should be evident from its derivation, the name Alameda is a place-name (and therefore also a surname), not a given name. The phrase de los Leones `of the lions' cannot possibly be a confirmation name: such a name would certainly have Christian significance and would normally be an attribute of the Virgin. The name de la Luz mentioned in the LoI is a good example, since in Spanish Mary is sometimes known as Nuestra Se¤ora de la Luz `Our Sister of the Light' (Tibón s.n. Luz). To the best of my knowledge she has never been referred to as `of the Lions'. Marcela is probably a legitimate feminine given name, though Tibón has nothing closer than Marsella among modern names. He makes this a variant of Marselia, which is from Latin Marcilia, a gentilicium derived from Marcus; given the pronunciation of Spanish ll as (approximately) ly, this is a reasonable derivation. However, Marcella was the feminine form of common Latin cognomen, and it is in record in the vicinity of Marseille c.800 (Morlet, I:74a) In Spanish the Latin ll was normally palatalized to modern Spanish ll, so its appearance didn't change, but in Portuguese it became simple l. Thus, in Old Spanish the name Marcella would most likely have become Marçella (pronounced roughly `mar-TSEL-ya'), but in some dialects it could have become simple Marçela (`mar-TSEH-la'), of which Marcela would be a possible late-period spelling I suspect that Viscamo is an error for Vizcaíno `Biscayan; one from the area around the Bay of Biscay'. According to the EB, the Spanish merchant Sebastián Vizcaíno sailed along the California coast in 1602 and named several places, including San Diego, and it seems likely that he is the `Spanish explorer in 1603' mentioned in the LoI. Hidalgo was a term referring to social standing; its precise significance is argued, but the general sense was (and is) `noble, of noble descent'. It appears as a byname quite early, e.g., (in the Portuguese rather than the Spanish form) Johannes Fidalgo 1220 (Kremer, VI:141). (The Spanish spelling for the common noun is attested at least by 1484 (ibid., 124).) It's not on the Alternate Titles List, it doesn't imply more than basic noble standing, and it's attested as a byname, so there shouldn't be any problem registering it. Marques is an old patronymic from Latin Marcus; Díez Melcón (153) cites Goncalo Marques 1281. Torres appears to be a plural variant of (de la) Torre `(of the) Tower'; the singular form is noted by Díez Melcón (281) in the name Pedro Torre 1185, and WGD notes that the Torres Strait was discovered in 1606 by a Spanish navigator surnamed Torres The construction of the name is highly suspect. I've already pointed out that it lacks a given name and that the so-called confirmation name has the wrong form. The term confirmation name is probably wrong in any case: so far no one has presented any evidence for this practice in period. According to Tibón, names like Dolores and Concepción, originally attributes of the Virgin, were used in place of María, which for several centuries was considered too holy for general use; they were used as ordinary given names, not as special confirmation names. The use of four surnames is almost certainly post-period. There are a few period examples of the X y Y type of double surname, though as I recall all of them involve royalty or the very highest nobility; apparently the form was originally adopted in order to display two territorial inheritances, though it later acquired a more specifically genealogical significance. All of the available evidence indicates that use of all four grandparental surnames is a post-period phenomenon. If memory serves, the longest period Spanish name that anyone in the College has so far found has only five elements, three forenames and two surnames, and it's the only one of that length. Most documented period Spanish and Portuguese names have no more than three elements, often <forename> <patronymic> de <place-name>, though of course other patterns are also found. RfS III.2.a (Personal Names) sets four elements as a rule-of-thumb limit on the number of name elements in a period name (except in Arabic, where documented exceptions are rather easy to find), and current Laurel precedent makes this a strict limit for English, French, German, and Italian names The only element here that could serve as given name is Marcela, which should be acceptable. Alameda is a fine topographical byname; if people already call her Alameda, I recommend that she make the name Marcela Alameda. The element de los Leones is questionable even as a byname: the (relatively rare) names of this form refer either to hunters (Salvador de las Corzas 1172 `of the roe-deer') or to animal handlers (Rodrigo de los Mulos, probably 13th c.) (Kremer, III:149,151). Lions were not, I suspect, normal articles of commerce, and in Spain it seems unlikely that they were normal objects of the hunt, either Any of Vizcaíno, Hidalgo, Marques, and Torres could reasonably make another surname, but now we have a problem. In the examples of double surnames that I have seen (apart from the largely post-period X y Y construction), the first surname is always patronymic. If she wants to keep Alameda, she'll probably have to push it further back in the name: Marcela Marques Alameda, for instance, would be fine. A triple surname, being so far unattested so far as I know, would probably require documentation.
The armory was registered under the holding name Julie of Tirnewydd.

Daniel of Glamis. Device. Purpure, on an escallop inverted argent a candle sable.
This is in conflict with Jerome L'Ami Du Chat (SCA) Sable, on an escallop inverted argent a domestic cat rampant sable., with one CD for changes to the field, and nothing for change of type only of the tertiary.

Hartmann von Augsburg. Device. Argent, semy of grenades sable enflamed gules, on a pale sable a man armed cap-a-pie argent maintaining in both hands a sword inverted sable.
This is being returned violating RfS VIII1.c.ii Layer Limit since it has four layers, the field, the pale, the man and the sword.

Larissa Montgomery. Device. Argent, a rose purpure leaved vert seeded Or, on a chief per chevron sable two bees Or.
This is being returned for administrative reasons; no mini-emblazon was included in the LoI Even if one had been included, this would have to be returned for a redraw as the device was unblazonable. The `chief per chevron' was in fact a very high, very shallow per chevron line of division, visually a sort of chief swallowtailed.

Loch Wylde, Shire of. Name and device. Sable, a demi lightning bolt pendant from a sunburst, all within a laurel wreath Or.
Loch is originally Gaelic, though it was borrowed into Scots English. Looking at Scottish place-names which have Loch as the first element, it can be seen that most of these involve later (and sometimes redundant) addition of Gaelic loch to a Scandinavian place-name; in the others loch is followed by an English or Scandinavian noun describing some feature of the surroundings. There are entirely Gaelic examples of the form Loch <adjective>, but we found none with an English adjective.
English usage of the element wild is seen in Wildmore (Wildemore 1198 in a copy from 1328) `waste moor' and Willand (Wildelanda 1155-8 in a copy of 1334, Wildelonde 1315) `waste land', both from Ekwall. According to Smith the adjective is also found in the place-names Wildhill, Wildwood, and Willyards; the meanings of the first two are clear, and the last is `waste, desolate, or uncultivated enclosure'. It is noteworthy that in each case the reference is to land. It appears that the meaning of the term in place-names wasn't simply `wild, desolate'; rather, there was a distinct implication that the region in question was wasteland, unsuitable for cultivation (or at least not under cultivation). On the basis of this evidence it seems fairly unlikely that the word would have been applied to a body of water The LoI introduces the possibility, mentioned by Black, that Wylde here is derived from OE weald `woodland'. The history of English dialects makes this pretty nearly impossible. The word, apparently from prehistoric OE *w‘ld, became weald in Kentish and West Saxon but wald in Mercian and Northumbrian (Smith, s.v. wald; Moore & Marckwardt, 25). The two forms produced ME wáld and wéld. The former, following the normal development of early ME long a, became wold south of the Humber but remained wald in the North. Thus, the result of all of these developments in the North Country (and also in Scots English) was wald. The development to wilde took place elsewhere (and later). The e in ME weld was like that of ME feld `field' and followed the same course of development, ending up at the sound in modern weald and field. This development, which was taking place toward the end of our period, led to the spellings weild and feild and even occasionally wild and fild (still pronounced [wi:ld] and [fi:ld], however, roughly like modern wield and field). But all of this was taking place only in what had been the Kentish and West Saxon dialect areas, in the Kentish and Southern ME dialect areas. The result is that in ME the various forms of the word had the following distribution: weld, later also written weild and wild, in the South; wold in the Midlands; and wald north of the Humber. Thus, the form needed to justify Black's conclusion is the one found at the opposite end of the island And on referring to his article on Wyld, I find that he justifies his conclusion by reference to a Sussex usage: Sussex is in the Kentish dialect area. Moreover, his early citations are from 1372, which is too early for the wild spelling even in the South. Black derivation of the Scottish surname is plainly impossible and can safely be ignored Since the name is has major problems both in form and in meaning, it must be returned However, we have a suggestion that they might be willing to consider. Smith says that OE wilde is applied only to topographical terms. These obviously include the OE words for `moor', `land', `hill', `wood', and `yard'. Another topographical term referring to a kind of region that could well be notably desolate or uncultivated is `island'. The OE word is eg (with sundry dialect variants), which is often modified by a descriptive adjective, as in Longney (Longanege 972, Langenei in Domesday Book) `long island' and Whitney (Hwytene temp. Edward I, Whyteneye 1283) `white island' (or possibly `Hwita's island'). An OE locative phrase æt þære wildan ege `at the waste island' is precisely the sort of phrase that gave rise to these names; in Middle English it would regularly have produced a place-name Wildeneye; this isn't attested, but it seems to be squarely within the range of normal period practice, and should be registerable Since we cannot register the name, we must return the armory, since we don't form holding names for groups. While not a cause for return, the sunburst could use better drawing.

Mikhailo Zavadovsky. Name.
Unfortunately, a zavod is a factory and a late-period word. A zavod' (note the soft sign) is a creek or backwater. An anthroponym formed from the latter word would be Zavodin, not Zavodov. The earliest use of zavod in a place name appears to be Zavodoukovsk, which is dated to the 18th century by Room. The -sky ending is fine but the toponym upon which it is based is unlikely and undocumented. Without documentation that the toponym was used in period, we must return the name. The armory was registered under the name Elsbeth of al-Barran.

Odd Grimsson. Badge. (Fieldless) A dolphin hauriant affronty, head to dexter, proper, winged Or, displayed.
This is being returned for violating RfS VII.7.a., which requires that "Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance." The dolphin is in a unblazonable position. It is not hauriant affronty, and no one could come up with a better blazon.

Ramshaven, Barony of. Badge. (Fieldless) Two ram's heads couped close butting argent.
This is being returned for violating RfS VII.7.a., which requires that "Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance." As drawn, no-one at the Laurel meeting could figure out what they were from even a short distance. In a reverse of what normally happens, the mini-emblazon was drawn a lot more recognizably than the full size emblazon.

Riverhawk s Rest, Marche of. Name and device. Sable, an osprey (riverhawk) close within a laurel wreath, on a chief argent three towers sable.
This is being returned for non-period style. No one could provide any documentation for rest being used as an element in English place names. Without such documentation, the name must be returned. Since we do not form holding names for groups, the armory had to be returned as well.

Roffal de Rennes. Name and device. Per pale sable and argent ermined gules, an Elf Bolt counterchanged.
The name is being returned for lack of documentation. No evidence was provided to show that Roffal was used as a first name by humans in period, and no one in the College could provide any. Without such documentation, the name must be returned. The armory is being returned for a redraw; the engrailing on the arrowhead isn't nearly bold enough.

Sìne Peregrina. Name and device. Per bend sinister bevelled azure and vairy en point argent and gules.
The name is being returned for combining Gaelic and English in the same name. She could either combine the Gaelic forename with a Gaelic byname, or replace the Gaelic forename with a forename suitable for the Latin byname.

Sundridge Faire, Marche of. Name.
In the return of this name, I could do no better than to quote Fause Lozenge: Sundridge may have developed from a phrase meaning `pasture at the separated house', but this form is so far removed from the meaningful phrase that it can only be considered a place-name; that is, its meaning is simply the place that it names. Smith says that Old French and Middle English feire (also faire in ME) `a fair, a gathering of merchants' is common in street names, e.g., Horsefair in the town of Ripon in the West Riding of Yorkshire. He has no example of faire as an element of a name for anything but a street. The notion of a shire taking its name from a street or lane strikes me as fairly ludicrous, but they're forced to be a shire, and I see nothing in the rules to keep them from using a street name if they want to do so: so far as I can see, just about any period place-name is acceptable. However, there is still a problem: it's not clear that the name of a town or village is an appropriate modifier. One would expect faire to be qualified by a word indicating the nature of the merchandise, as in the Yorkshire example, or perhaps its location, e.g., north, west, or by some other term describing the fair. The Sundridge Faire, on the other hand, would presumably be the fair held at Sundridge; as such it wouldn't be a place-name because Sundridge itself already serves that purpose. Nor does Sundridge Faire seem likely to be the name of a street in Sundridge. All in all, Sundridge Faire seems unlikely as any sort of place-name if Faire is interpreted as they suggest.
Fairness obliges me to offer a slightly better justification, though one that I still consider specious. Ekwall has probably dozens of examples of place-names in which an owner's byname (or in some cases even forename) has been appended to the original place-name. This of course occurs most often with very common place-names, like Newton `new town', and in the nature of things most of the bynames are of French origin: after all, most of the early owners had originally French bynames. Most of the English bynames are locative, which is also not surprising: though used by all, such bynames were especially favored by the landowning classes. However, there are a few examples in which the new element was added surprisingly late, e.g., Eaton Bray, which came to Sir Reginald Bray in 1490. A 15th c. modification obviously needn't be limited to locative surnames and surnames of French origin. Reaney & Wilson s.n. Fair cite Robert faier 1191 and Thomas le Fayre 1332. The surname seems not to have been especially common, but in theory it's not out of the question that someone in the 15th c. might have borne it and come to own a place called Sundridge, which might then have come to be known as Sundridge Faire. This derivation stretches the evidence to the breaking point, especially in view of the likely period confusion with faire `gathering of merchants', but it might be registerable. Moreover, in the overwhelming majority of cases of English place-names of the form <place-name> <name of early tenant>, <place-name> is a common name like Morton or Newton. This makes sense, since the modifier was presumably added (in most cases, at least) to distinguish this Morton or Newton from that one. Sundridge is not a name likely to need further differentiation Therefore, we do not think that Sundridge Faire is a reasonable constructed period place-name, and we are returning it.

Sundridge Faire, Marche of. Badge. (Fieldless) An open pavilion vert bearing a twin-tailed pennant Or.
Since we returned the name, we have no choice but to return the badge, since we do not form holding names for groups.

Sylard of Eagleshaven. Badge. Argent, a kraken inverted gules.
This conflicts with Atai Tetsuko (SCA), Argent, an octopus displayed within a bordure wavy gules. There is one CD, for the addition of the border, but nothing between a kraken and an octopus in the same position. Note: the default for an octopus is opposite that of a kraken.

Ziegfried Gunter von Wieselburg. Household name for Haus Godwiesel.
This is being returned for violating RfS III.1, by combining two different languages, the of Middle English god and the German Wiesel in the same word. Moreover, the existence of Middle English bynames of a particular type is no guarantee that bynames of that type existed in German as well.

OUTLANDS

Caelainn nic Kendrick of Clan MacNaughton. Device. Per bend Or and sable, in bend sinister two callalilies stems issuant from the line of division counter-changed.
This is being returned for lack of name. There is no record of this name being registered. Since all SCA submissions are registered to an SCA name, this must be returned.

Jan van Hees. Device. Per chevron Or and gules, two oak trees proper and a tower Or.
This is being returned for lack of name. There is no record of this name being registered. Since all SCA submissions are registered to an SCA name, this must be returned.

Mikhailina Ivanova Korabelnikovichin. Name.
There are multiple problems with this name. The first problem is that Mikhailina is not a period given name. One cannot infer from Akila/Akilina to Mikhaila/Mikhailina. Mikhailina looks more like a patronymic than a given name. The last element must be feminized to Korabelnikovichina, but the third element is in fact not a Russian name either. The submitter has taken a surname (Korabelnikov, on Unbegaun, p. 115) and tried to add "an appropriate feminine suffix" (as discussed by Unbegaun, p. 125) and chosen -ichina. Unfortunately, the two pages have nothing to do with each other. Milenia Ivanova Korabelnikova would be a registerable form. The armory registered under the holding name Elsbeth of al-Barran.

TRIMARIS

Atalaya la Sanadora. Household name for Bear Clan.
This is returned for non-period style and violation of RfS III.2.b.iv. RfS III.2.b.iv. requires that "Household names must follow the patterns of period names of organized groups of people Possible models include Scottish clans Clan Stewart), ruling dynasties (House of Anjou), professional guilds (Baker's Guild of Augsburg, Worshipful Company of Coopers), military units (The White Company), and inns (House of the White Hart).

Atalaya la Sanadora. Badge. (Fieldless) A pheon inverted and a pheon conjoined in pale sable surmounted by a rose proper.
The rose in the mini-emblazon is clearly drawn, not between the broadarrows, but debruising them. This sort of "barely overall" emblazon has been grounds for return many times previously.

Sìle à neo - fhaicsinneach. Name.
This name was meant to mean in Gaelic, Síle the Unseen or Invisible. There are two problems with this, each of which is grounds for return. First, the Gaelic for unseen/invisible was incorrectly constructed. More importantly this is not a reasonable byname. No one could come up with any parallels in period names. Therefore, without some period support for the semantic content of the byname, this runs afoul of VI.2. "Names Claiming Powers Names containing elements that allude to powers that the submitter does not possess are considered presumptuous." The armory was registered under the holding name Síle of Oldenfeld.

Tóki Gunnarsson. Device. Per bend sinister wavy purpure and azure, an orle argent.
This is being returned for violating Rule VIII.3. Two-color fields with a complex line of partition should not have the partition obscured by charges.

Zophar Dragon. Badge. (Fieldless) A wooden dragon headed staff proper.
This is in conflict with a badge belonging to the Barony of Storvik (Fieldless) A wooden drakkar's prow proper., with the only difference being the automatic difference we give for fieldless armory.

WEST

Caitriona ni Shuileabhain Mhor. Device. Vert, a stag trippant and on a chief dovetailed Or, three Celtic crosses purpure.
This is being returned for a redraw. While we sympathize with the West Kingdom's feelings on just instructing the submitter to draw it correctly in the future, the full sized emblazon was so badly done that we feel we must return this.

Chiara Genevieve d'Anjou. Name.
While a French/Italian name is registerable, no documentation was presented to show that Chiara was a given name used by humans in our period, nor could anyone in the College provide any. Without such documentation, we have no choice, but to return the name.

The following items are pended until the August 1997 Laurel meeting: Note: there are two items pended - see following page for the second item.

An Tir

David of Moffat. Device change. Vert, a cross crosslet argent quarter pierced gules and on a chief engrailed argent three hunting horns contourny vert.
David of Moffat's device change is an attempt to register his mundane arms in the SCA under the provisions of III.A.9 Name or Armory Used by the Submitter Outside the Society "No name or device will be registered to a submitter if it is identical to a name or device used by the submitter for purposes of identification outside of a Society context. This includes legal names, common use names, armory, trademarks and other items registered with mundane authorities that serve to identify an individual or group. This restriction is intended to help preserve a distinction between a submitter's identity within the Society and his or her identity outside of the Society. A small change is sufficient for registration. For example, Alan Miller could not register the name Alan Miller but he could register the name Alan the Miller. Similarly, armory must also have some small difference in final blazon to be registered. Any change that causes a blazonable difference between mundane and Society arms is sufficient to allow registration by Laurel. Further, a submitter may register a close variation of his name or his arms but not both of the administrative handbook." The problem before us is that the administrative handbook says that to register your mundane arms in the SCA, there must be a "blazonable difference" between the two sets of arms. While the two earlier attempts had the horns on the chief going in opposite directions, as well as the way the cross was blazoned, this submission's blazon differs from his mundane arms only by the way the cross is blazoned; in his mundane arms quarter pierced, and in his proposed SCA arms square pierced. So, the issue as to whether or not David of Moffat can register this as his SCA arms hinges on whether or not there is a blazonable difference between a cross square pierced and one quarter pierced. If we change a blazon from "three pellets" to "three gunstones" we have clearly changed the blazon without changing the object. Similarly, a blazon change from "rampant" to "climant" for a unicorn represents only a change of words.
To make the situation more complicated, in Gwilliam's A Display of Heraldrie, 2nd edition (1632), pg. 93, there is a picture of a cross which he calls quarter-pierced and we would call square-pierced. Since this was printed in our "grey area", there is some evidence to assume that there was no period distinction between a cross quarter-pierced and one square-pierced Furthermore, Parker, pg. 152, under crosses, says "When, however, the cross is composed as it were, of five pieces or divisions, the central being that of the field, the term quarter-pierced is used." (Emphasize mine.) Therefore, a reasonable case could be made that David of Moffat's SCA arms were misblazoned when they were blazoned as quarter-pierced, since they are not pierced of the field.
The issue I am asking to College to discuss, and the only issue I am asking you to discuss, is whether you think there is a blazonable difference between the two crosses, bearing in mind that the person who decides the ultimate blazon of a submission is Laurel, and not the submitter To assist you in this, you will see below a copies of the cross from David of Moffat's mundane arms and his proposed SCA arms.

Middle

Malik 'Abd al.-Rahman. Name and device. Argent, on a bend sinister azure between two camels statant sable blanketed azure three decrescents argent.
The name brings up an interesting question. Al Jamal notes that "Malik", when pronounced "MAH-lick" is a documentable given name, whereas "Malik" when pronounced "mah-LEEK" is not and is reserved in the SCA as the Arabic equivalent of "king". Possible mispronunciations aside, even if the name and the title were identical in pronunciation (instead of just transliteration), this would be registerable under the "Regina the Laundress" provision, however the byname brings in a second concern. "Abd al-Rahman" is, itself, a given name (while also being suitable as a byname, translating as "servant of [one of the names of Allah]"), however there were several historical rulers by this name. Particularly, the Encyclopedia Britannica gives (each with its own entry): five different rulers, emirs, and caliphs of Cordova in Muslim Spain (including the founder of the Cordova Emirate), and the first king of the federation of Malaya (20th century). The various Cordovan emirs and caliphs can reasonably be ignored for conflict purposes -- they would not have been known by the title "malik", and the addition of the given name in the submission is sufficient difference otherwise. But if "malik" is (as we consider it) equivalent to "king", then there is a serious question whether the name "Malik 'Abd al-Rahman" conflicts with the title+name "King 'Abd al-Rahman". Putting the matter into a more familiar context, given that Reaney & Wilson list "Margaret" as a 13th c. metronymic surname, would "Regina Margaret" conflict with "Queen Margaret"? If the answer is "yes", there is still the question of whether the appearance of identity between the name "Malik" and the title "malik" overrides the fact that they are unrelated and are (properly) pronounced differently. It is a tricky enough question that it seemed worthwhile to ask the specific input of the College. (One commenter asked if there were a valid alternate transliteration for the given name that would clearly distinguish it from the title. Would this make a difference?)

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