Submitted as Andrew the Reckless, the submitter requested an authentic form of the name for 13th century English. Withycombe, The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names, s.n. Andrew, dates Andreu to 1273, and Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, s.n. Reckless, lists a John Recheles also in 1273. Therefore, we have changed the spelling to attested 13th century forms.

This is clear of Riccardo di Pisa, reblazoned elsewhere in this letter, Argent, an eagle's wing fesswise terminating in a hand gules, maintaining a scimitar fesswise reversed sable . There is one CD for the change of field, and one for the change for half the primary charge group. Additionally, Riccardo's wing is fesswise.

Submitted as being for The Bravo of Avacal, that name is not currently registered, nor is it a generic description.

This is clear of Riccardo di Pisa, reblazoned elsewhere in this letter, Argent, an eagle's wing fesswise terminating in a hand gules, maintaining a scimitar fesswise reversed sable . There is one CD for the change of field, and one for the change for half the primary charge group. Additionally, Riccardo's wing is fesswise.

Submitted as begin for the Champion of Arrows , that name is not currently registered, nor it is otherwise a generic description (such as the Champion of Archers).

This is clear of Riccardo di Pisa, reblazoned elsewhere in this letter, Argent, an eagle's wing fesswise terminating in a hand gules, maintaining a scimitar fesswise reversed sable . There is one CD for the change of field, and one for the change for half the primary charge group. Additionally, Riccardo's wing is fesswise.

Unlike the other examples, Champion of Arts and Sciences is a generic descriptor and need not be registered

This is clear of Riccardo di Pisa, reblazoned elsewhere in this letter, Argent, an eagle's wing fesswise terminating in a hand gules, maintaining a scimitar fesswise reversed sable . There is one CD for the change of field, and one for the change for half the primary charge group. Additionally, Riccardo's wing is fesswise.

Submitted as being for the Champion of Sword , the name is not currently registered to Avacal, nor it is otherwise a generic description.

Submitted as Beatrice Dom è nici della Campana , the accent was not used in period; modern authors such as de Felice use them as pronunciation guides.

Submitted as Cairbre ma c Eocha idh m ac Fe i de i lmid , the submitter requested that the name be made authentic to 7th century Ireland. We lack records of Old Irish that early, and its predecessor, Ogham, looks radically different. We could, however, make the name correct for circa 9th century Old Irish. We have also placed the second patronymic marker into the genitive form as required by Irish grammar.

The device is clear of Alric of Ashfield, Sable, a stag trippant within a bordure embattled argent . There is a CD for the posture of the stag, and there is a second CD for the difference between potenty and embattled. Please inform the submitter that the potent pieces should not be cut off diagonally at the corners; there should instead be more room left between them at the corners of the bordure.

The badge is clear of Bedivere de Byron, Azure, a serpent entwined around a trident palewise Or . There is a CD for fieldlessness, and a second CD for the deletion of the snake, which, because it is as large as the trident, is a co-primary charge.

Please inform the submitter that the triangular chief should not come down to the fess line.

Submitted as Idonea de Morain , Morain is documented as a descriptive byname, and therefore can not be used with the preposition de .

Please inform the submitter that the triangular chief should not come down to the fess line.

Submitted as Roscelin the Silversmith’s Daughter , no one was able to find evidence of patronymics formed in such a manner. We therefore changed the patronymic to a form consistent with a form found in 1379: Agnes Taylour-doghter (Bardsley, Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames , s.n. Taylorson).

The submitter requested an authentic 16th century English name; however, Ulric seems to have fallen out of use in England during that time. Therefore, while registerable, the name cannot be made authentic for 16th century England.

This was pended from the November 1999 LoAR. Please instruct the submitter to draw the field division with the intersection at the center of the shield.

Nice badge!

Nice badge!

This is clear of William de Lacy of Sherborne, Purpure, on a pile raguly argent a gauntlet aversant gules . There is a CD for the changes to the type and tincture of the tertiary, and there is a second CD for changing the pile from raguly to potenty.

This was pended from the August 1999 LoAR. It is clear of the badge for Aelfgifu of the Hazel Thicket, Azure, four feathers fretted argent , with a CD for number of primaries and another for the independent change in arrangement.

The submitter should be informed that mixing English and Gaelic spellings in a single name was vanishingly rare in period. The name would be considerably more authentic as a fully Gaelic Áengus Ó Flaithbertaig or fully English Aeneas or Angus O'Flaherty .

Submitted as Brictrec d u Montaigne , the article was changed to the grammatically correct form.

Submitted as Callista Ter è sa di B è lla , the accents were not used in period; modern authors such as de Felice use them as pronunciation guides.

Submitted as Catalina del Sol de Oro , no evidence was given, and none could be found, to show that of the Golden Sun is a valid byname in Spanish. The letter of intent suggested that it might be based on an inn name, but we know of no examples of an inn name being used as a byname in Spanish either. Given the dated example Oro Sol in the 13th century, one of the submitter's specifically requested alternates, Catalina Oro Sol , is possible as a name of the form <given name> <given name> <unmarked metronymic>. The submitter also requested an authentic name for 14th-16th century Spain or Portugal. We doubt that the name is authentic as the use of double given names was unheard of until the end of period and we have no citation of Oro or Sol at that time. Catalina Sol would be a reasonably authentic 13th century Spanish name.

The submitter has permission to conflict with Karin Jorgensdotter Eldhierta, Azure, on a bend cotised argent three hearts palewise issuing flames to chief gules.

Submitted under the name Móirne inghean Étaín .

Submitted under the name Móirne inghean Étaín .

Nice armory! Her current device, Per bend purpure and vert, a yale's head couped argent , is retained as a badge.

Submitted as Deirdre inghean Dhomhnaill mhic Madwc , the last element mixes two languages in a single phrase, violating RfS III.1.a. Therefore, we have replaced the last name with its Gaelic equivalent.

Deirdre is SCA-compatible.

The submitter should be informed that mixing Scots and Gaelic spellings in a single name was vanishingly rare in period. The name would be considerably more authentic as a fully Scots Duncan Kethe .

This was pended from the November 1999 LoAR.

The submitter should be informed to draw the arms of the cross so that they do not touch.

Submitted under the name Guinevere of Lyonesse .

Listed in the letter of intent as Jacopa Maria de Matteo Adimari , the forms had the grammatically correct di .

The submitter has a letter of permission to conflict with the Barony of Winter's Gate for the Order of the Gilded Lily, Sable, a lily blossom Or . Her previously registered badge, Per bend sinister Or and azure, in fess a card pique inverted and a jonquil blossom counterchanged , is released.

Her current device, Vert semy of fish naiant Or, two domestic cats sejant respectant argent marked sable , is released.

Submitted as Magnus Hrafn ar son , we corrected the construction of the patronymic.

This depiction of a fishhook is found in Gelre (41 verso).

Submitted under the name Robert Camulos Brigantius .

Submitted as She e reen al-Maghrebiyya , the submitter originally requested Shereen , and al-Jamal was able to justify that transliteration.

Please inform the submitter to draw the chevron larger and steeper.

Submitted as T i arnán ua Séaghdha , the documentation for Tiarnán marks it as a form only found in the 20th century. Séaghdha is the standard late period form of the name, but ua was only found in Old Irish. We thus compromised and used late period Irish Gaelic spellings for the entire name.

Listed on the Letter of Intent as Anna Mstislavlyaya , the forms listed Annya Mstislavlyaya and the submitter originally requested Anya . As Anya is a reasonable spelling variant of Annya , we are registering the originally requested form.

Submitted as Valeria dell e Stelle da Firenze , the documentation lists della .

Listed on the letter of intent as Silv i de Rohan , the submitter originally requested Silvie . As the documentation derived Silvi from the Silvius , the standard French feminization, Silvie , is at least plausible, so we restored the name to the original form.

The submitter requested a 14th century Breton name. Given the speculative documentation for Silvie and our lack of sources for that area, we were unable to determine whether the name is authentic or not.

This depiction of a jester's cap is grandfathered to the submitter.

Submitted as Brónach ua Mochonn a , Mochonna needs to be put in the genitive form.

Some of the commentary attempted to make this name appropriate for an Irish woman, not realizing that the submitter was male because the given name was ambiguous and the intended gender was not mentioned on the LoI.

The device is clear of Alain du Val, Vert, in pale a crescent Or and a wolf passant reguardant to sinister argent , and Styrbjörn Halte, Vert, in pale a crescent inverted and a Thor's hammer Or . In each case there is a CD for orientation of half of the primary charges and either change of tincture or change of type of half of the primary charges.

Please inform the submitter to draw the crescent more fully and less naturalistically.

Submitted as Kára MacLeod , the submitter requested an authentic 10th century Scottish name. The name itself is a mix of a Norse name and a Scots spelling of a Gaelic patronymic derived from a Norse name. Scots did not appear as a separate language after the 10th century. Furthermore, the mixture of two spelling systems is not plausible for 10th century Scotland. While elements from Gaelic and Norse may have been used in a single name, the name itself would be written either entirely in Gaelic or Norse, although the same name could have been written in either language depending on the context. For registration we chose to make the name entirely Gaelic both because it is more Scottish and because the resulting name is closer in sound to the original. A fully Norse form would be Kára Ljótsdottír .

Originally blazoned as demi-tridents , an examination of the emblazon shows that the charges are really trident heads .

The submitter has permission to conflict with the Shire-Marche of Grimfells, Sable, on a pile throughout Or a spiderweb throughout sable charged with a laurel wreath vert .

Listed on the LoI as Rowan Mac Quill i an , the forms had Mac Quillan . As it also matches the documentation, we have returned the name to the submitter's requested form.

The submitter requested that the name be corrected to an authentic 7-10th century Irish form. This is not possible because Rhys is Welsh, not Irish.

Submitted as Ti a rnan O’Kernaghan , Tiarnan is listed as a form found only in the 20th century. We therefore substituted the Anglicized form of the given name, which also then matches the Anglicized surname.

He has permission to conflict with Rafaella d'Allemtejo, Sable, on a chevron throughout argent an escallop vert .

Please inform the submitter of the proper way to draw a heraldic oak leaf.

Nice name!

Submitted as Ivan Ivanovich Strel ets , the submitter originally requested Ivan Ivanovich ot Streltsov . While the submitted version is registerable, Escutcheon noted that Streltsov is also correct and closer in sound and meaning to the submitter's original request.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the per chevron division higher.

Conflict with Rosalyn of Thornabe on Tees, Argent, a pall arrondy between three forget-me-nots azure . There is a CD for the addition of the tertiary charges, but nothing for straightening the arms of the pall nor for the difference between a forget-me-not and a rose.

Conflict with André of Stormhold, Argent, a whale naiant azure . There is a CD for the field, but nothing for the forced change in position on the field and nothing for the difference between a natural dolphin and a whale. Please also inform the submitter that the fess line should be drawn closer to the center line of the shield.

The dragon is in an unblazonable posture. It is not volant as originally submitted, nor is it properly salient (given the position of the legs). Furthermore, please inform the submitter that placing a complex charge between two dissimilar charges appears far more often in the SCA than it did in period.

The submitter asked that this be registered under RfS VIII.6, Documented Exceptions. She included numerous examples of sable charges on gules from different areas of Europe. While there was enough evidence given to support Gules, a bear passant sable (which conflicts with Berlin, Argent, a bear passant sable ), the only examples the submitter presented of a low contrast charge between high contrast secondaries the central charge was an ordinary. As ordinaries have a different level of complexity from an animate charge, we cannot consider their examples as sufficient. None of the examples present showed the case Gules, <an animate charge> sable between <charges> Or (or argent ). The Documented Exceptions rule is by nature very conservative; one needs multiple examples of very similar patterns to allow extrapolations. Therefore, we must return the device.

Conflict with Annalia Dragotta, Per saltire vert and azure, a saltire tripartite and fretted argent . There is only one CD for the type of the saltire.

No name form was included in the submission. As we have no name form, we must return the device as well.

The submitter documented Lochlan as Scots Gaelic for Norway and thus requested the byname as a lingua anglica form. The problem is that Gaelic did not use bynames of the form of <placename>. In Gaelic, nationality was shown by using an adjectival form, e.g., instead of of Norway they used Norse . Thus, there is not a Gaelic version of the byname that can be translated. As the submitter allows no changes, we must return the name.

Given that Griffin is English and Scots, we recommend two possibilities. If the submitter wants to be from Norway, a Scots form of the locative is of Norroway . If the submitter wants Lochlan , then Lachlann is a period Scots byname derived from the Gaelic given name Lachlan . Thus Griffin Lachlann would be registerable, but the name would mean either that Griffin was the son of Lachlann or, depending on the time, that Lachlann was an inherited surname.

Conflict with Cordelia Fitzrobert of York, Gules, a demi-sun in splendor Or issuant from a cloud argent . There is only one CD for adding the bordure.

To quote Metron Ariston:

As far as I can determine, Eos was never used for a human being in the classical period or later, unlike Aurora , Hercules , Dionysia or Diana . H?s or Eos in Greek had the primary meaning of dawn or daylight or daytime. Only in a very secondary manner was the term used for a goddess, the personification of dawn. Indeed, unlike more popular Greek gods who produced theophoric names like Apollodorus or Heracles (Hercules), Eos does not seem to have spawned any names at all in classical Greek. Since most of the names adopted by the classical humanists (e.g., Mars, Hercules and Diana) were from the Latin store and involved deities or demigods who appeared in or were associated with the legendary genealogies of the Roman period, the use of Eos would be highly unlikely. Using it with a Gaelic epithet is even more unlikely. (If someone were going for a humanist name, they would be much more likely to go for a Latin translation with the same meaning. Here it would be likely to be nigra , i.e., black.)

Lyonesse exists only in legend and is thus not a place anyone would describe themselves as being from.

Her armory was registered under the name Guinevere of Altavia

Conflict with the Order of the Coill's Bells (Barony of Nottinghill Coill), A jocelyn wreathed Or and vert with six bells Or . While the bells themselves are significant enough to generate difference (thus making a jocelyn significantly different from a plain wreath), the actual number is not significant. Therefore, there is not a CD for the change of tincture of less than half the charge nor for the number of bells.

The badge contains three different charges in the same group, violating the rule of thumb from RfS VIII.1.a.

Conflict with Gwynaeth Math o Ddylluan, Sable, a bezant charged with a raven on a branch bendwise all sable . There is a CD for the field, but the branch is not worth difference and there is not a CD for changing only the posture of the tertiary charges.

In Gaelic, the patronymic marker mac can only be used with a masculine name; this needs the feminine patronymic marker inghean instead. Additionally, Mairead is a 20th century form of the given name; the late period Máirghréad would be acceptable. The submitter, however, allowed no changes so we must return the name.

There are three different types of primary charges on the field (roundel, crescent, and sun), violating the complexity rule of thumb in RfS VIII.I.a. Furthermore conjoining the roundel and the crescents severely reduces their identifiability ("The conjoining of the increscent, roundel and decrescent are distinctly non-period. While we will reluctantly register the arrangement of an increscent, roundel and decrescent if they aren't conjoined, the conjoining makes them unidentifiable as well as non-period. (Jaella of Armida, LoAR September 1997, p. 23)").

There are no known examples of metronymics in Gaelic names outside of two examples both involving royalty whose claim to the throne was through the female line. The documentation was also unclear as to whether Móirne was used in period.

Her device and badge were registered under the holding name Cindy of Angels .

The tower is drawn as issuant from base. As it is fieldless, it cannot issue from the edge of a non-existent field.

Conflict with Damon of Three Rivers, Vert, a horse salient argent within a bordure engrailed Or . There is a CD for changing the bordure to a compass star, but nothing for the stripes on the zebra.

The compass star is barely overall, neither within nor truely overall. Moreover, the badge conflicts with Walter de Witte, Sable, a compass rose Or . The combination of compass star and annulet differs from a compass rose only in the lack of a fleur-de-lys, which is not enough for a CD. Additionally, less than half the color of the charge was changed, thus there is not a CD for tincture.

No documentation was provided, nor could any be found, proving that Camelos was a place name. Reaney, Origin of English Placenames , states that Camulos was the name of a deity and the related place name was Camulodunum . Robert Colchester (the English form of the place name) would be a great medieval name.

His armory was registered under the name Robert of Altavia .

The argent portions of the orca cannot be placed on an argent field.

The posture striking affronty is not allowed as it is not known in period armory and is inherently three-dimensional.

No evidence was given, nor could any be found, showing that the word Radiance existed before 1600. Moreover, it is too abstract to be a reasonable order name. The documentation cited by the submitter does not date the Order of Silence to period, and even then it is difficult to extrapolate from a single example.

The candle is just barely overall. It needs to be drawn either entirely on the pale or clearly overall.

Withdrawn by the kingdom as it conflicts with Thomas Dudley (1576-1653), British colonial governor of Massachusetts. He has his own entry in the Encyclopædia Brittanica.

From the May 1998 LoAR:

The Lisbjerg gripping beast is actually just a variety of the Borre-style gripping beasts which were banned in 11/86, and therefore the Lisbjerg gripping beasts were banned at the same time. Finally, after the October 1998 Laurel meeting we will no longer register zoomorphic beasts of any kind. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR May 1998, p. 28).

No forms were included with the submission. Moreover, the College of Arms is not familiar with the source cited for the given name, and we would therefore require a more detailed discussion of the source in any resubmission.

Conflict with the registered name Bernard ben Barra . Neither ben nor de contribute to difference and the primary elements are not significantly different.

The Laurel office received only one color copy of the device forms.

Collies as a breed originated after the 16th century, therefore they may not be used as a charge. Additionally, while not a cause for return, many commenters found the two similar but not identical sejant beasts on the fess to be visually confusing.

Conflict with the badge for the House of the Blackened Pot (Jana Aoibeall), Or, a cauldron suspended from a tripod sable . The tripod is not significant enough to contribute difference.

The name is too generic to register. Note that Meridies can have a Queen's Rapier Champion, and can even have a companionate of former champions, but the name Queen's Rapier Champion cannot be protected.

Conflict with the Order of the White Scarf (Kingdom of Ansteorra), Sable, on a pale argent between two rapiers, guards to center, proper, in chief a mullet of five greater and five lesser points sable , the Order of the White Scarf of the Outlands (Kingdom of the Outlands), Sable, on a pale argent between two rapiers proper, a stag's antler vert , and Gary of Dragon's Aerie, Sable, on a pale between two wolves combattant argent a rose slipped and leaved sable . For the first two cases, there is only a single CD for the changes to the tertiary charges. For the last case, there is a CD for the change of type of secondary charges, but nothing for adding the slip, and nothing for changing the tincture only of the tertiary charge.

Conflict with the registered name Owen FitzEdward . There is insufficient difference between the given names because they are simply spelling variants of the same name. As Fitz and -son indicate the same relationship there is also insufficient difference in the bynames.

Precedence bars the use of Phoenix in English in SCA group names. The return of the name Coombe Phoenix (March 1998) says

The evidence that medieval English people were familiar with the legendary phoenix is not relevant unless one can demonstrate a pattern that they named places after legendary monsters. There are cultures where such a pattern might be demonstrated – Germany seems to be fairly prone to such things – but not for England...Therefore, barring evidence that Phoenix was used in English place-names, or at least that mythological animals were used, it cannot be used in English in SCA group names.

The device must be returned because the name is returned. Please ask the group to draw the laurel wreath as nearly a circle and make the chief deeper.

Only one color copy of the device form was submitted.

Conflict with Katherine Lynten of CaerLeon, Per bend sinister rompu argent and gules, in sinister base a pomegranate slipped and leaved argent, seeded gules . As Katherine's pomegranate is forced to base there is not a CD for position on the field, and neither the slipping and leaving nor the tincture of the seeds generate difference. Therefore, there is a single CD for the field.