{AE}THELMEARC {A'}ine ingen Morgainn u{i'} Diarmata. Name and device. Argent, three triskelions azure. Please advise the submitter to draw the triskelions less angularly. Alaxandair {O'} Conchobhair. Name change from Alexander {O'} Chonchobair and device. Sable, two chevronels Or and in base a broad arrow argent. Good name! His previous name, Alexander {O'} Chonchobair, is released. Antoinette de la Croix. Name. A possible conflict was noted with Anthony de la Croix (registered May 1989 via Meridies). There is a precedent: This does not conflict with Antonella di Marco. Antonella is a diminutive of Antonia, not Antonio, and the two names neither look nor sound alike. [Antonio di Marco, 01/00, A-Caid] Similarly, since Antoinette is not a diminutive of Anthony and the two look and sound significantly different, Antoinette does not conflict with Anthony. Bertrand du Beaumanoir. Name and device. Vert, two tennis rackets in saltire a bordure embattled Or. There is a strong pattern of use of constructed artifacts from all walks of life in period heraldry. The type of tennis racket drawn here is late 16th C and, as the defining example in the SCA, is now the default tennis racket. The College of Heralds of {AE}thelmearc is to be commended for providing complete documentation on a proposed new charge for SCA armory. Degan of Coventry. Device. Gules, a chevron embattled ermine between three crosses bottony and a bordure argent. This does not conflict with John FitzGerald de Clare, Gules, a chevron embattled ermine between three Latin crosses bottony argent, each enfiled bendwise of a county coronet Or. There is one CD for adding the bordure. The county coronets are large enough to be considered co-secondary with the crosses, so there is a second CD for removing the coronets. Deirdre ingean Dhomhnaill. Device. Per pale sable and Or, a trillium gules barbed vert. This does not conflict with the badge of Ivan Gregoravich, Per bend sinister argent and sable, a prickly pear flower gules seeded Or, leaved of acanthus vert. There is a CD for the change to the field, and a CD for the difference in the types of the flowers. Elizabeth of Misty Highlands. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Gules, a chalice Or and in chief two stirrups argent. Submitted under the name Elizabeth McGrigour. Fiona Harpar. Name and device. Per pale vert and argent, an open book between three Celtic crosses counterchanged. Listed on the LoI as Fionn Harpar, the submission was corrected at the submitter's request to Fiona Harpar. Fiona was ruled SCA compatible in April of 1981 and upheld in the December 1995 cover letter. There was some question regarding the registerability of the spelling Harpar. This spelling is dated to the 13th or 14th C in Symon Freser of Lovat's article "13th & 14th Century Scottish Names" at http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/symonFreser/scottish14/ Fordwin Marchand. Name and device. Argent, a mallet fesswise reversed sable and on a bordure indented vert six annulets Or. Laurette de Montasalvy. Name. The submitter requested authenticity for 14th C French. As no evidence was found that Laurette is authentic for 14th C French, we were unable to comply with the submitter's request. Lowrie Leulyn. Name (See ACCEPTANCES--Ansteorra for device). Listed on the LoI as Lowrie Levlyn, the spelling of the byname was a typo. Both the submission form and the referenced documentation spell the byname as Leulyn. The submitter resided in {AE}thelmearc when she submitted her name via a Pennsic consultation table. She moved to Ansteorra, then submitted her device. Both are registered in this LoAR. Lyon Woulfran. Name and device. Per chevron azure and argent, two wolves combattant Or and a castle gules. Submitted as Lyon Wolfram, the submitter requested authenticity for the 13th C (no culture specified) and allowed minor changes. Reaney & Wilson (s.n. Wolfram) date Thomas Woulfran to 1297. We have changed the byname to this form to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. Myfanwy ferch Rhiannon. Device change. Purpure, three unicorns couchant in pale argent. This does not conflict with Kara of Clan Neil, Per pale purpure and azure, three unicorns couchant argent. There is one CD for the change in the field. Kara's unicorns are two and one, so there is a second CD for arrangement. There were some suggestions in the commentary that these unicorns were not in a standard couchant posture, and perhaps might be better blazoned as lodged. Lodged is just a synonym for couchant used when blazoning deer and their close relatives, and there is no difference in the way lodged and couchant are drawn. The slight bend in one foreleg is an acceptable artistic variant for any animal in this posture, although it is found most often with a long-legged animal such as a deer. The submitter's previous device, Purpure, three roundels in bend sinister erminois between two unicorns couchant argent, is released. Myfanwy ferch Rhiannon. Badge. (Fieldless) A unicorn couchant vairy pean and Or. R{u'}adh{a'}n {O'} Conchobhair. Name. Sara de Lindley. Name. Tristan Ravencrest. Name. The element crest falls into the same category as keep. In both cases, we do not have evidence of that element used in a formal place name in period, though we have evidence of each as a geographical element. Bardsley (p. 216 s.n. Crest) dates both Rogerus del Crest and Johannes del Crest to 1379. Bardsley (p. 441 s.n. Keep) dates William atte Kep to 18 Edw. I, Roger Kep to I Edw. III, and Richard atte Kippe to I Edw. III. Reaney & Wilson (p. 261 s.n. Keep) dates Thomas ate Kepe to 1327 and Roger de Kepe to 1332. Keep has long been used as part of SCA branch names. The most recent registration is Crossrode Keep, Shire of (registered November 1999 via Ansteorra). This element is effectively regarded as SCA compatible as an element in an English place name. Given the forms in which it has been registered, spellings of the element Keep are registerable both as a separate element (such as Crossrode Keep), and as the final element in a compound place name (such as Northkeep). Registerable spellings include Keep and any alternate spellings which may be documented to period (including those listed above). Similarly, there has been enough interest in the element crest, including as recently as 1999, to rule it SCA compatible in an English place name. Unlike keep, crest is not registerable as a separate element. So, Ravencrest is a registerable placename, though Ravenwood Crest, for example, is not. AN TIR Aldgudana Gunnarsd{o'}ttir. Name and device. Sable, a tree eradicated argent and a bordure Or semy of acorns sable. This name combines a pre-1100 Dutch given name with a Norse byname. Given the wide sphere of influence of Norse traders/raiders/et cetera, it seems reasonable that these two cultures had significant contact. Therefore, this combination is registerable, although a weirdness. Arianna Giovanni. Name. Bj{o,}rn Ragnarsson. Name. Submitted as Bjorn Ragnarsson, the submitter requested authenticity for 9th to 10th C Norse and allowed any changes. We have changed the spelling of the given name to match documented forms to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. Doireann inghean Chearbhaill. Name. Submitted as Doireann ingen Chearbhaill, the submitter requested authenticity for 12th to 14th C (no culture specified) and allowed any changes. The particle ingen is a Middle Irish (pre-1200) spelling. Chearbhaill is an Early Modern Irish (post-1200) spelling. There is enough difference between Middle Irish and Early Modern Irish that they count as different languages for our purposes. So ingen Chearbhaill violates RfS III.1.a since it combines elements from two different languages. Therefore, we have changed ingen to the post-1200 spelling inghean, which resolves the violation of RfS III.1.a and complies with the submitter's request for authenticity. Since we have no evidence that any form of the name Doireann was used after the 10th C, we were unable to make this name completely authentic for her desired time period. Justina Bozeat. Name. Laurie of Terra Pomaria. Holding name and device (See RETURNS for name). Per fess vert and sable, a dance between three triquetras Or. Submitted under the name Luaithren bean Seabhcir. Styrr {O'}l{a'}fsson. Name and device. Per pale gules and sable, a bird migrant within a serpent involved Or all within an orle argent. Submitted as Styrr Ol{a'}fsson, Geirr Bassi lists the spelling {O'}l{a'}fr. In Norse names, the accents need to either be used consistently or omitted consistently, so we have added the missing accent to the byname. ANSTEORRA Agripina Argyra. Household name House of the Star and Compass. Listed on the LoI under the name Agrippina Argyra, her name was registered with one "p". Alessandra de Vittorio. Name and device. Per pale vert and purpure, in pale a horse salient contourny and a lightning bolt bendwise sinister Or. Submitted as Alessandra de Vittori, documented forms of this byname include de Vittorio and Vittori but not de Vittori. We have therefore changed the byname to a documented form. An{e'}{zv}ka z Ro{zv}mit{a'}la. Name and device. Gules, in dexter chief a fret couped argent. This does not conflict with Volodar Ivanovic, Per fess gules fretty argent and sable. There is one CD for the change to the field. The comparison between the fretty in chief and the fret couped in dexter chief is like the comparison between a mullet in chief and a mullet in dexter chief. This is an unforced move and thus worth a CD. This also does not conflict with Meredudd Brangwyn, Per saltire gules and pean, a fret argent. There is one CD for the change to the field and another for the unforced move of the primary charge to dexter chief. This also does not conflict with John Thorn, Gules, a chief embattled argent. The fret here is a primary charge in a non-central position on the field. John's armory has no primary charge. Addition of a primary charge is sufficient difference by X.1. Anneleyn Pferdehirt. Name and device. Per bend vert and Or, a horse's head erased argent and three quavers sable. Submitted as Annelena Pferdehirt, the submitter requested authenticity for 15th C Burgundy and allowed any changes. The only documented form of this given name that was found was Enneleyn dated to 1358 in Talan Gwynek's article "Medieval German Given Names From Silesia" at http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/talan/bahlow/. Gage found evidence in the same article for the En- to An- change in the initial letter of the name. So, Anneleyn is a plausible 14th C German form. Lacking any documentaton for the submitted Annelena, we are changing the given name to the theorized form Anneleyn. As both elements of this name are documented as German, it is not authentic for 15th C Burgundy. Bersi ormstunga. Name. Submitted as Bersi Ormstunga, the documented form of the byname does not have the first letter capitalized. We have made this change. Caterina Nadalini. Device. Purpure, on a lozenge ploy{e'} Or a bunch of grapes proper. Ciaran O Neill. Name. Listed on the LoI as Ciaran O'Neill, the name was submitted as Ciaran ONeill. While the standard Gaelic form is Ciar{a'}n {O'} N{e'}ill, forms without accents are seen in period annals. Therefore, we have registered a form without accents to more closely match the submitted spelling. Corwin of Saxony. Name and device. Sable, a wyvern erect and on a base Or a horse rampant sable. Corwin was ruled SCA-compatible in the cover letter for the December 1985 LoAR. There was some question about the registerability of this name. The use of an SCA compatible name carries a weirdness. As stated by Gage, "The byname of Saxony is only plausible as a Germanic name translated under the lingua anglica rule". At this time, there is not a weirdness for using the Lingua Anglica allowance. Also, there is no clear precedent whether the Lingua Anglica byname of Saxony should be viewed as English or as German. Therefore, we are giving the submitter the benefit of the doubt at this time and registering the name. A call for comments regarding this issue is included in the cover letter of this LoAR. Elene Kirchenknopf. Device change. Per bend urdy argent and azure, a bowl and a sinister hand counterchanged. The submitter's previous device, Azure, on a sun argent, an oak tree eradicated vert, a chief potenty argent, is released. Elisabeth Christianne de Calais. Name change from holding name Elisabeth of Northkeep. Emma Dandelion. Name and device. Vert, a dandelion slipped and leaved and a bordure argent. This does not conflict with a badge of Rowan Perigrynne, Vert, a cinquefoil within a bordure argent. There is substantial difference between a cinquefoil and a dandelion. The outline of any foil shows clearly separated countable petals, and a dandelion has a mass of small uncountable petals. The petals of a dandelion are thin and pointed rather than the rounder petals of a foil. Barring evidence that the change from a dandelion to a foil would have been a cadency change in period, and thus only a CD (per wording of RfS X.4, a "significant" change), it seems appropriate to give (per wording of RfS X.2) "substantial" difference between these charges. Gerard du Quartier. Name (see RETURNS for device). Griffin ap Rhys. Badge. (Fieldless) A crescent azure. This does not conflict with a badge of Tess of Ambergeen, Argent, a crescent voided azure. There is a CD for the field. The voiding of Tess' crescent is drawn distinctly and is equivalent to the addition of a tertiary charge. This badge is also clear of Francesca di Pavia, (Fieldless) An owl affronty argent perched within a crescent azure. There is one CD for fieldlessness, and another for the addition of the co-primary owl. Gwenafwy Sinclaire. Badge. Argent, a seahorse and on a base rayonny azure an increscent argent. Gwenhevare Cordelia Maynard. Device. Or, a chevron gules between two horses combattant and a castle sable. Isa van Reinholte. Name. All the elements in this name were documented from a letter from the Academy of Saint Gabriel. However, the letter was not adequately summarized in the LoI, which has been cause for return in the past. Koira accessed the letter in question and provided a good summary of the information in it: Isa is found in Walraven van Nijmegen, Dutch Womens' Names before 1100, available on the Net at . The Academy of S. Gabriel, in their client report 2018 , postulates a hypothetical Frisian place name Reinholt. This based on examples in Hans Bahlow, Deutsches Namenlexikon of names featuring Rein- and -holz; holt is the Frisian cognate of the High German Holz. The locative byname formed from this place name would be van Reinholte. By Laurel precedent, the College is not required to look up documentation that is not adequately summarized on the LoI. In this case, multiple members of the College went out of their way to dig up this information. For the benefit of both the submitter and the members of the College who took on this extra work, we are registering this name as an exception to the requirement that all submitted documentation be properly and adequately summarized on the LoI. Kingdom submissions heralds should be aware that inadequate summarization of supporting documentation has been and will continue to be a reason for return. Laurensa Fraser. Name and device. Per pall inverted vert azure and argent, on a chief Or three butterflies sable. The submitter requested authenticity for "Scots-French". In period, a name with mixed elements would have been rendered all in one language depending upon the language of the document where the name was recorded. In this case, if the record would have been written completely in Scots or completely in French. Therefore, this name is not authentic. It has one weirdness for mixing Scots and French. Lowrie Leulyn. Device (see ACCEPTANCES-{AE}thelmearc for name). Azure, a Hungerford knot Or between three trilliums argent. The submitter resided in {AE}thelmearc when she submitted her name via a Pennsic consultation table. She moved to Ansteorra, then submitted her device. Both are registered in this LoAR. Muirghein MacKiernan. Name. The submitter requested authenticity for 16th C Irish, allowed minor changes, and noted that she wanted a female name. No examples have been found of the name Muirghein being used as a feminine given name for real women in period. As such, the submitted name is must be a masculine name. This name mixes the Irish Gaelic Muirghein with the Anglicized MacKiernan which is a weirdness. A person living in 16th C Ireland would have had their name recorded completely in Gaelic or completely in English depending upon the language that the record was written in. Therefore, such a lingual mix is not authentic. As changing the language of either element is a major change, which the submitter does not allow, we were unable to make this name authentic. Sadhbh inghean Shean{a'}in. Name. Submitted as Sabhbh inghean Sean{a'}in, the submitter requested authenticity for "Irish" and allowed any changes. The given name was documented from {O'} Corr{a'}in and Maguire (s.n. Sadb). However, there is a typo in the submitter's desired name in that header. It should read Sadhbh, not Sabhbh. We have made this correction. We have also lenited the patronym. Tangwistel Telynores. Name. Both elements in this name were documented from Academy of Saint Gabriel client letters. While such letters are acceptable as documentation for SCA name submissions, the relevent information must be summarized in the LoI so that the members of the College of Arms may review it. By Laurel precedent, the College is not required to look up documentation that is not adequately summarized on the LoI. In this case, multiple members of the College went out of their way to dig up this information. For the benefit of both the submitter and the members of the College who took on this extra work, we are registering this name as an exception to the requirement that all submitted documentation (including, but not limited to, Academy of Saint Gabriel letters) be properly and adequately summarized on the LoI. Kingdom submissions heralds should be aware that inadequate summarization of supporting documentation has been and will continue to be a reason for return. Good name! Val{e'}ry de Sothyrland. Name. William Lindsay. Name and device. Quarterly gules and vert, a swan rousant within a bordure argent. Good name! This device does not conflict with Karl von S{u:}ssen, Vert, a stork passant, wings elevated and addorsed, argent, grasping in its beak a fish Or, all within a bordure argent. There is one CD for the change to the field, and another for the change of type of bird between a swan and a stork. While both birds do have long necks, they appear to have been considered distinct types of bird in period. Moreover, the stork is visually distinct from the swan, both in general and in Karl's emblazon. The stork has much longer legs and a spearlike beak. ARTEMISIA Aaron de Paladin. Name. Submitted as Aaron di Paladini, the submitter allowed any changes and wanted "something as close to his mother's byname as the College will allow. Her more-than-decade-old unregistered name is Joanna de Paladin." Paladin is found as a given name in "Fourteenth Century Venetian Personal Names" by Arval Benicoeur and Talan Gwynek (http://s-gabriel.org/names/arval/venice14/). Standard patronymic bynames formed from the given name Palidin would take the forms Paladini or di Paladin. Some records use de in patronymic bynames in Italian. For example, "Appendix III: The 1364 Statues of the Confraternity of Santa Croce" in James R. Banker, Death in the Community, lists Andrea de Donato (p. 227) and Romano de Martino (p. 231) among others. Given this information, Aaron de Paladin is registerable. Arwen de Redvers. Name. The submitter requested authenticity for 14th C Isle of Wight. Arwen is her legal name, but we could find no evidence that it was used in period. Therefore, while this name is registerable, it is not authentic for her desired time and place. Benedicta Dracke. Name. Submitted as Benedicta Draak, the submitter allowed minor changes. Draak was submitted as a header form in Bahlow. In most cases, header forms are plausible for period and so are registerable. However, precedent (most notably regarding modern forms in {O'} Corr{a'}in & Maguire) has ruled that header forms which are modern may not be registerable. (This has been handled on a case by case basis.) Period forms of the byname include Dracke dated to 1357, Drache dated to 1365, and Trache dated to 1360 (Bahlow s.n. Draa(c)k; Brechinmacher s.n. Drache). As all of these forms include a "c" and have a terminal "e", the submitted Draak does not seem plausible. We have changed the byname to the closest dated spelling. Brynhildr R{o'}bertsd{o'}ttir. Name. Submitted as Brynhildr R{o'}bertsdottir, Geirr Bassi lists R{o'}bert as a given name in Norse. However, none of the examples in his section explaining how to form patronymic bynames address how to create a patronymic from a given name that ends in "t". We are therefore not certain that this is the correct form, but it seems reasonable. When registering Norse names, accents need to be used or omitted consistently. We have therefore added the accent to the second "o" in the byname. Cerdic of Bronzehelm. Name. Freydis the Good. Name. The byname the Good is a Lingua Anglica translation of the Norse byname in g{o'}{dh}a. Giorgio de Argentina Bilotti. Name (see RETURNS for device). Submitted as Giorgio Bilotti de Argentina, the submitter requested authenticity for 15th C Italian and allowed any changes. As Kraken stated, "While each element is documented, the specific ordering is not, and for good reason: In the cases where both patronymics and surnames are found in the same name, the patronymic comes first." We have reversed the order of the bynames to correct this problem. Johannet Renoux. Name. Walter de Clare. Name and device. Per fess gules and sable, a fess of three lozenges ermine. This is not a conflict with the historical person Walter de Clare, since he does not have his own entry in an encyclopedia, though his father Gilbert de Clare does. Walter de Clare founded Tintern Abbey in May of 1131 and it is from him that many of the later Clare family members derived the patronymic FitzWalter. Wolfgang Dracke. Name and device. Per fess sable mullety Or and azure, a dance and in base a sun Or. Submitted as Wolfgang Draak, the submitter requested authenticity for 14th-15th C German and allowed minor changes. Period forms of the byname include Dracke dated to 1357, Drache dated to 1365, and Trache dated to 1360 (Bahlow s.n. Draa(c)k; Brechinmacher s.n. Drache). As all of these forms include a "c" and have a terminal "e", we have changed the byname to the closest dated spelling. Please advise the submitter to draw the rays of the sun more pronouncedly. The device does not conflict with Romas the Mapmaker, Per fess gules mullety Or, and vert, a dance and in base a terrestrial sphere Or. There is one CD for the change to the field. There is another CD for the change in type of the charge group in base, which is a different charge group from the semy group in chief. "By current precedent, the semy charges must be in a separate group from all other charges (LoAR 7/01, Giraude Benet)." Ysabel la Serena de Lille. Name and device. Azure, a sun between three fleurs-de-lys and a bordure argent. The submitter requested authenticity for 12th to 15th C France and allowed minor changes. In that time, it is unlikely that both a descriptive byname and a locative byname would have been used. As the submitter only allowed minor changes, we were unable to drop one of the bynames to make this name authentic. The device does not conflict with Elwyn Arian, Azure, a compass-star between three ash leaves stems to center, all within a bordure argent. There is a CD for type of secondary charge. When a group of charges has a visually obvious palewise posture, and a visually obvious top and bottom, there can be a CD between three palewise charges and three charges which are radially disposed. ATENVELDT Beatrice Lumini. Badge. Lozengy Or and vert, a gondola prow sable. Bertrand de Lacy. Name. Francesca Gerdrudis Kesselheim. Name and device. Gules, a pall inverted Or between two unicorns combattant argent and a natural tiger couchant argent marked sable. Submitted as Francesca Geredrudis Kesselheim, the form Geredrudis was documented as an Old German form from Withycombe. Withycombe's strength is in English and none of the other forms of this name found by the College included the second "e". We have therefore changed the spelling to Gerdrudis, which appears 44 times between 1250 and 1350 in Mulch, Arnsburger Personennamen: Untersuchungen zum Namenmaterial aus Arnsburger Urkunden vom 13.-16. Jahrhundert (p. 57). Kesselheim is a location in the Koblenz area. It dates to at least 966, when it was mentioned in a charter. Mixing the Italian Francesca with the German Gerdrudis and German Kesselheim is a weirdness. If the submitter is interested in a historical name, the fully German Franziska Gerdrudis Kesselheim would be more authentic. Hrefna karlsefni. Device. Per pale Or ermined purpure and purpure, a feather argent. This was pended from the July 2001 LoAR for consideration of a number of real-world badges, associated with the English royal family or their close associates, which use a single white feather as a major design element. The College of Arms did not find a clear pattern suggesting that such a badge design would be presumptuous, nor did the College find any particular real-world white feather badge that appeared to be, in its own right, important enough to be protected in the SCA. Therefore, this may be registered. Katheryn Slegel. Name. Submitted as Katheryn von Schlegel, the submitter requested authenticity for the 13th to 16th C (no language/culture specified) and allowed any changes. Schlegel is not a placename. It is a noun meaning 'club, leg (of veal), drumstick'. As such, it is being used as a descriptive byname and the particle von is out of place. All period examples of this byname found by the College are spelled Sl-. To comply with the submitter's request for authenticity, we have changed the byname to the form Slegel dated to 1309 in Bahlow, Deutsches Namenlexikon, (s.n. Schleg(e)l). Killian M'Cahall. Badge. Azure, in bend sinister two quavers Or. Pearce Redsmythe. Name change from William of Ravenscroft. The submitter requested authenticity for 15th C English and allowed no changes. There was some question whether the spelling Pearce is a plausible period given name spelling. Bardsley (p. 605 s.n. Piers) dates Robert Pearce to temp. Elizabeth I, William Pearce to 1601, and Pears Martin to 1541. Given these spellings, Pearce is a plausible 16th C given name spelling. The surname Redsmythe was documented as an occupational byname (referring to someone who works in brass) from the Book of Trades at http://www.renfaire.com/Acting/professions.html. This text at this website is a modern translation of Eygentliche Beshreibung Aller Staende auff Erden, a work of German verse from 1568. Bardsley (p. 641 s.n. Redsmith) hypothesizes the meaning of this byname as 'goldsmith' and lists John Rodesmithe (?). The source for this citation does not readily indicate a date for this name. However, Bardsley crossreferences to other headers and gives the medium worked in: Whitesmith (tin), Blacksmith (iron), Greensmith (lead or laten), and Brownsmith (copper or brass). As all of these other headers included forms dated to period, it is reasonable to assume that Redsmith is also period. The spelling Redsmythe falls within documented variants for -smith names. His previous name, William of Ravenscroft, is released. ATLANTIA Anne Marie de Lucy. Name. The LoI stated, "The submitter requested an authentic 'Anglo-Norman' name. However, when queried about the conflict between having a double given name and authenticity, the double given name was preferred." Given this information, we are registering the name in the submitted form. As it has two given names, it is not authentic for the submitter's desired Anglo-Norman language/culture. Art{'u}r mac Lochlainn. Badge. Per pale vert and sable, two axes in saltire within an annulet argent. Atlantia, Kingdom of. Household name Company of Saint Aidan and badge. (Fieldless) A stag's head cabossed within and conjoined to an annulet Or. Submitted as an order name with the name Order of Saint Aiden, updated information provided by Kingdom is that this is not an order. As such, the designator Order is not appropriate. We have therefore changed the designator to Company. Additionally, all documentation found was for the spelling Aidan, not Aiden. We have made this correction. Avelyn MacGregor. Name and device. Azure, on a cross between four leaves argent a rose gules. The submitter requested authenticity for Scots language/culture. As we have no evidence that the given name Avelyn was used in Scotland, we were unable to make this name authentic. Bronwen O'Riordan. Device. Argent, three feathers in pile sable and on a chief dovetailed azure a cat dormant argent. Catr{i'}ona Macraith. Device. Azure, a cat sejant dexter forepaw raised argent charged on the shoulder with a lozenge sable on a chief enarched argent two iris flowers azure marked argent slipped vert. Ciar inghean u{i'} hEidirsce{o'}il. Device change. Per pale argent and sable, a besom and a scythe crossed in saltire counterchanged. The submitter's previous device, Per pale argent and sable, a scythe and a besom crossed in saltire counterchanged, is released. Eir{i'}kr inn danski. Name and device. Per chevron gules and Or, two griffins combattant and a dragon segreant maintaining a mace counterchanged. Listed on the LoI as Eirikr inn danski, the name was originally submitted as Eir{i'}kr inn danski. We have returned the given name to the submitted form. Since the byname inn danski means 'the Dane', there was a question regarding whether this name conflicts with the various kings of Denmark who were named Eric. There are precedents that address this situation: [ Lietuvos, meaning the Lithuanian>] While prior Laurel precedent has returned the form '{Name} the {Nationality}', we do not find this presumptuous of the ruler of the country in the same way or to the same degree that, say, '{Name} of {Nation}' would. Hence, we do not find that this name conflicts with , King of Lithuania. (LoAR 12/91 p.12). the Breton should no more conflict with , Duke of Brittany, than Richard the Englishman would with Richard, King of England. (LoAR 10/90 p.2). Therefore, the submitted name is not a conflict with these kings of Denmark. This name does not a conflict with Eric the Dane (registered January 1993 via the East) since descriptive bynames conflict via sound and appearance, not meaning (per RfS V.1.a.ii). The byname inn danski is significantly different in sound and appearance from the Dane, so they do not conflict. A bit of trivia: the submitter lives in Denmark, South Carolina. Good name! E{o'}in {O'} hEochaidh. Alternate name Johannes von Eisenach. Hergeirr {Th}r{a'}insson. Name and device. Per chevron sable and gules, two bull's heads cabossed Or armed gules and a double-bitted axe argent. Some commenters thought that the field division here might be chap{e'}. Both the large- and small-sized emblazons show this as a per chevron field rather than a chap{e'} field, as the line of division does not touch the top of the shield. Chap{e'} is always drawn touching the top of the shield. Thus there is no problem with the unregisterable design of a chap{e'} field charged on the upper portion. Ihone Munro. Name. Submitted as Ian Munro, the submitter requested authenticity for 1590s to 1600s Scottish language/culture and allowed any changes. Though the name Ian, a modern Scots form of "John", was ruled SCA compatible in April of 1997, no evidence has been found that it is period. Effric neyn Kenyeoch vc Ralte's article "Early 16th Century Scottish Lowland Names" (http://www.MedievalScotland.org/scotnames/lowland16/) lists a number of Scots forms of "John" including Johne and Jhone among others. This article also mentions that the letters "i" and "j" were sometimes used interchangeably. Black (s.n. MacAlaster) dates Ihone dow Mcalaster to 1614, giving an example of this switch. Since the submitter requested authenticity and allowed any changes, we have changed the given name to Ihone to meet his request. Black (p. 619 s.n. Munro) dates the forms Manro to 1538 and Munroy to 1590. Effric, op. cit., dates Monro to 1541 and 1549. Given these variants, the submitted Munro seems reasonable for his desired time period. James of Carinthia. Name and device. Bendy sinister Or and azure, a fox gules and a wingless griffin argent combattant. Jonathas Reinisch. Device change. Azure, on a mountain argent a fox's head couped gules. His previous device, Azure, on a mountain argent a fox's head couped contourny gules, in dexter chief an escarbuncle Or, is released. Jonet MacDuffie. Name. Katerina von Wolfsberg. Name change from Katerina Sumer Quenstedt. Submitted as Katerina von Wolfenberg, the submitter requested authenticity for German language/culture and allowed any changes. No documentation was presented and none was found that Wolfen- is a period name element in a German place name. Brechenmacher (s.n. Wolfsberg) dates Wolfsberg to 1311. Therefore, we have changed the byname to von Wolfsberg to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. Her previous name, Katerina Sumer Quenstedt, is released. Lauren{c,}o Affonso. Name and device. Or, two rose branches in saltire each flowered to chief proper surmounted by a wolf's head couped close facing to dexter base all between four anchors in cross sable. Submitted as Lauren{c,}o Affonso do Capeles, no documentation for this name was included with the submission--even the "Notes" section on the form was blank! The LoI gave documentation for the first two elements of the name, but none for the byname. As he allows major changes, we are dropping the undocumented element. The wolf's head is drawn as if it were couped close, except that the expected smooth couping line was replaced with a very small, "pinking-shear" indented line. This sort of treatment of a head neither has the smooth line of a period couped, or the prominent jags of a period erased. Without supporting documentation, such a depiction will not be considered acceptable period style after May 2002. The submitter's original blazon of couped (changed to erased in the LoI) has been restored, since this depiction is, arguably, closer to period couped than erased. However, please advise the submitter to draw the couping with a smooth line in the future. A "high T-shirt neckline" (as if the wolf were wearing a high necked t-shirt, giving a smooth concave line at the neck) is one style of couping found in period, and is the closest period form to this depiction. See the cover letter for more information on couped and erased in general. Lillian von Wolfsberg. Name. Submitted as Lillian von Wolfenberg, the submitter requested authenticity for German language/culture and allowed any changes. As we have no evidence that the name Lillian was used as a feminine given name in German, we were unable to make this name authentic. No documentation was presented and none was found that Wolfen- is a period name element in a German place name. Brechenmacher (s.n. Wolfsberg) dates Wolfsberg to 1311. Therefore, we have changed the byname to von Wolfsberg to partially comply with the submitter's request for authenticity. Mixing English and German in a single name is a weirdness. Magnus balli Thorvaldsson. Device. Per saltire sable and vert, on a plate engrailed a drakkar sailing to sinister sable. Margaret Catteshull of Meriden. Device. Per bend gules and azure, a bend Or between a cat sejant guardant dexter forepaw raised and two needles crossed in saltire argent. This was pended from July 2001 for correction of tinctures. Margareta vanden Velde. Device. Gules, three groups of three roundels each two and one and a bordure engrailed Or. This was originally submitted with a blazon of "three sparks" rather than an explicit combination of roundels. However, the Pictorial Dictionary notes that the spark was only found in groups, rather than as an isolated charge. Brault's Early Blazon second edition bears out this interpretation. The singular noun estencele means either a "small mullet" or means "spark, i.e a cluster of three or four small dots". However, this latter use is referenced to the entry for estencel{e'}, which only discusses the strewn use of such sparks. The fact that sparks are only used in groups is also indicated in an article by H. Stanford London (Coat of Arms, vol. II, No. 11, July 1952, p. 111). Absent evidence for explicitly enumerated sparks in period armory, they will not be allowed. Roana de Laci. Name. Good name! Sorcha Lochlan. Device. Per pale sable and Or, a mullet of eight points within a bordure engrailed counterchanged. Stierbach, Barony of. Badge. (Fieldless) A bull rampant contourny gules charged on the shoulder with an escutcheon argent. Stierbach, Barony of. Badge. (Fieldless) In fess an axe conjoined to another reversed and inverted argent, both entwined by a vine vert. The College and Wreath Staff had some difficulty identifying the axes in their unusual conjoined position. After some discussion, we decided this was acceptably identifiable, but please advise the submitters to be particularly careful to draw the axes clearly. Stierbach, Barony of. Badge. Per bend gules and argent, a compass rose and a bull salient within a bordure embattled counterchanged. The bull was originally blazoned as springing. The term springing is, in the SCA, a synonym for salient used when blazoning deer and their close relatives, and should not be used for other animals. Stierbach, Barony of. Badge. (Fieldless) A bull rampant argent charged on the shoulder with a torteau. Storvik, Barony of. Order name Order of the Faering. Listed on the LoI as Order of the F{ae}ring, the name was originally submitted as Order of the Faering and changed at kingdom to match the form found in a Danish dictionary. Faering is the standard English transliteration for F{ae}ring. As the group did not request authenticity, the transliterated form is acceptable, and we have returned the order name to that form. Teige MacLennan the Tinker. Name and device. Or, a heart per pale sable and gules and on a chief azure two hearts argent. Listed on the LoI as Teige mac Lennan the Tinker, the forms listed Teige MacLennan the Tinker. As the submitted form is registerable, we have returned it to that spelling. The name Teige was documented from online translations of the Annals of the Four Masters. Those translations were done in the 19th C and so name forms in them are not necessarily appropriate period Anglicized Irish forms. In this case, the form Teige is fine since C. L'Estrange Ewen, A History of Surnames of the British Isles, dates Teige oge ny Foorty of Dromore, yeoman to 1603-4 (p. 210). Torfin de Carric. Name change from Thorfinn of Dun Carraig (see RETURNS for device). Good name! His previous name, Thorfinn of Dun Carraig, is released. Tristan Alexander. Device change. Azure, a merman affronty reguardant maintaining in the sinister hand a trident, in chief a pearled coronet, all within a bordure argent. The submitter is a court baron and therefore entitled to a coronet on his device. His previous device, Azure, a merman affronty reguardant, maintaining in the sinister hand a trident, within a bordure argent, is released. He continues to have the right to bear the augmentation registered to him in February 1995. The augmented form of his coat of arms will now be: Azure, a merman affronty reguardant maintaining in the sinister hand a trident, in chief a pearled coronet, all within a bordure argent, as an augmentation, in the merman's dexter hand a targe argent charged with an escutcheon of sable, a decrescent and a base indented of three points argent. Tristan Alexander. Badge. Azure, a mertyger erect to sinister and a bordure argent. Ulric the Fox. Device. Per pale argent and sable, a fox's mask counterchanged on a chief gules three crosses formy argent. Willelm de Whytemersch. Name and device. Per bend sinister Or and azure, a jester's cap between three Tau crosses counterchanged. Submitted as Willelm de Wytemarsh, the submitter requested authenticity for 14th to 15th C England and allowed any changes. The submitted spelling of the placename Wytemarsh combines the 13th C spelling Wyte- with the modern spelling -marsh. Reaney & Wilson (p. 486 s.n. Whitefield) dates Richard Whytefeld to 1396. Bardsley (p. 516 s.n. Marsh) dates Katerian del Mersch to 1379. We have changed the byname to a plausible 14th C spelling to comply with the submitter's request for authenticity. CAID Abigail Chandler of Caithness. Name. Alix MacAlpine. Device. Per bend wavy Or and gules, a pomegranate slipped and leaved and a bee counterchanged. Annelise Maria von Marburg. Device. Per bend azure and purpure, a bend argent between three bees Or and three gouttes argent. Annora verch Llwyd Bryneirian. Device. Azure, five crosses bottony two two and one and a bordure engrailed argent. Caitlin Watkyns. Name. Although this name combines a Gaelic given name with an English byname, which is a weirdness, it is registerable. Catlin O Caffoe. Name. Listed on the LoI as Catlin {O'}caffoe, this name was submitted as Catlin O Caffoe. The submitter requested authenticity for an unspecified language/culture and allowed minor changes. The submitted form is authentic for 16th C Anglicized Irish. Therefore, we are returning the name to the submitted form. Cera in Luch. Device. Argent, in pale three horses passant azure. Nice arms! Cyrus of Samarra. Name. Ekaterina Pultuska. Name. Submitted as Ekaterina {o'}w Pultusk, no documentation was provided and none was found for the locative byname form {o'}w Pultusk in Polish. Therefore, we have changed it to the form Pultuska, a byname which refers to a woman from Pultusk. Elaine of Elswicke. Name change from Elaine of Elswick. Her previous name, Elaine of Elswick, is released. Gillian Kylpatrick. Name and device. Argent, a cross crosslet fitchy between in base two fleurs-de-lis all within a bordure azure. The submitter requested authenticity for "early 16th C Scot" and allowed any changes. As we were unable to find evidence of any form of Gillian in use in Scotland, we were unable to make this name authentic. Please advise the submitter to draw the fleurs-de-lys larger and more identifiably. Gillian's arms conflict with Iamys Huet's, found later in this LoAR. Gillian is an SCA member, and therefore, her submission takes precedence and may be registered without a letter of permission from Iamys. She is unlikely to be surprised by these events, as she has provided a letter of permission to conflict to Iamys. Guendolen Watkyns. Name. Harsha of Caid. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Sable, a saltire fleury Or between an escallop argent and three bezants. The device was submitted under the name Harsha Varnum. Hauk Kl{oe}ngsson. Name. Listed on the LoI as Haukr Kl{ae}ngsson, the name was submitted as Hauk Klaengsson. Since the submitter had no request for authenticity, we are returning the given name to the English form Hauk. The patronymic byname had one error. The name listed in Geirr Bassi is Kl{oe}ngr, not Kl{ae}ngr. We have made this correction. Heatherwyne, Shire of. Branch name correction from Heatherwine, Shire of. The shire's original name was registered in January 1980 with no indication of why the name was recorded in the LoAR with the -wine spelling. All submitted forms from the shire (including the original name submission) have the -wyne spelling of the name. The request for correction is accompanied by a petition of support. We are therefore granting the shire's request to correct the name to Heatherwyne, Shire of. Their previous name, Heatherwine, Shire of, is released. Iamys Huet. Name and device. Argent, a cross crosslet fitchy between in base two wheat stalks slipped all within a bordure azure. Good name! He has permission to conflict from Gillian Kylpatrick, Argent, a cross crosslet fitchy between in base two fleurs-de-lis all within a bordure azure. Irmele Sch{a:}fferin von Grunsberg. Badge. (Fieldless) A lion Or ermined azure. Jared Alexandre Blaydeaux. Badge. (Fieldless) A raven striking sustaining a spur rowel of eight points sable. Jarucha Delamare. Name. John the Brittle. Name. Katharyna Halem. Name. Konrad von Falkenberg. Name. Lilie Manevy. Name. Submitted as Lili Manevy, the submitter did not request authenticity but did write in, "please advise appropriate time period, if possible." There is a precedent regarding the spelling Lili: Submitted as Lili of Eastham, no documentation was provided for the spelling of the given name. We have therefore changed it to a form dated to 1247 in Reaney and Wilson's A Dictionary of English Surnames. [Lilie of Eastham, 11/00, A-East]. As no evidence was provided and none was found that the spelling Lili is a period variant, this precedent still stands. As the submitter allows any changes, we have changed the given name to the form Lilie in order to register this name. Regarding the submitter's request for advice regarding an appropriate time period for this name, the name Lilie in its various spellings seems to have been in use in the late 13th C in England. We were unable to find a dated citation for a form of Manevy. However, as Dauzat (s.n. Manevy) gives it as being derived from the ancient French word manevi meaning "alerte, ardent", it is reasonable to assume it is period and so registerable. Lorc{a'}n mac Loinsigh. Name. Submitted as Lorc{a'}n mac Loinseach, the submitter requested authenticity for 6th C Irish and allowed any changes. The language used in 6th C Ireland was Oghamic Irish, the precursor to Old Irish. The submitted name is a mixture of Old and Middle Irish Gaelic. As we have no information regarding whether either Lorc{a'}n or Loinseach existed in Oghamic Irish, we have changed this name to a completely Old Irish form to partially comply with the submitter's request for authenticity. The submitted Loinseach is a post-1200 nominative spelling. The pre-1200 genitive spelling is Loinsigh. We have changed it to the latter form. Lupus of Arundel. Badge. Per chevron rayonny gules and Or in base two drakkar prows issuant from base addorsed and conjoined proper. Maria de Cinisi. Name and device. Per chevron purpure and vert, two dogs' heads erased respectant and a spiral hunting horn reversed Or. Maykin Crofte. Name and device. Per bend sinister vert and argent, a cross crosslet counterchanged. Good name! Sancti Geronimi, Collegium. Badge. Quarterly azure and argent, two crosses formy fitchy argent. Stephania von Graz. Name and device. Per fess gules and Or, a lion dormant and an eagle head to sinister counterchanged. Tigernach {O'} Cath{a'}in. Name and device. Per pale sable and azure, on a chief Or a tiger's head erased contourny sable. Submitted as Tigernach {O'}cath{a'}in, the particle is separate from the patronym in Gaelic. We have made this correction. This name has a weirdness for mixing pre-1200 and post-1200 Gaelic orthographies. Tigernach Ua Cath{a'}in would be the expected form for pre-1200 and Tighearnach {O'} Cath{a'}in for post-1200. As the submitter did not request authenticity, we have only made the changes required to register this name. Typhainne d'Alixandre. Name. Submitted as Theophania d'Alexandre, the submitter requested authenticity for French in 1250 and allowed any changes. Theophania was documented as English. Alexandre was documented as French, but undated. Colm Dubh's article "An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html) lists Tyfainne, Typhainne, and Typheinne, which are French forms of Theophania, and Typhenete and Typhenon, which are diminutives of the French forms. Colm Dubh's article also lists Alixandre as a given name. We have modified the submitted name according to these examples to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. Vinzenz Bach. Name and device. Per bend azure and gules, an eagle's head erased and a horse's head erased contourny Or. There was some question regarding the plausibility of the spelling Vinzenz. This spelling is dated to 1401-1450 in Talan Gwynek's article "Late Period German Masculine Given Names", in the section "Names from 15th Century Plauen" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/talan/germmasc/plauen15.html) Violet of Caithness. Name. V{o,}rsa-{I'}varr mannvitsbrekka. Name. William Kendrick. Name. Wolfgang Neuschel der Grau. Household name Neuschel Consort of Musicke and device change. Gules, two dragon's jambes erased in saltire argent. Documentation included with this submission dates the term Consort of Musicke to 1575. In context in the documentation, this term meets the requirement for a household--that it describe an organized group of people. As such, Consort of Musicke is acceptable as a designator for a household name. Regarding the lingual mix, the designator in a household name may be rendered either in the language appropriate to the submission or in English. Just as House Neuschel is registerable, so Neuschel Consort of Musicke is registerable. His previous device, Azure, three sackbuts inverted within a bordure argent, becomes a badge. That badge is to be associated with the new household name, Neuschel Consort of Musicke. CALONTIR Calontir, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Buteo Pursuivant. Calontir, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Gerfalcon Pursuivant. Submitted as Gyrfalcon Pursuivant, no "y" forms of this word were found before the 18th C. We have changed the spelling to a period form in order to register this title. Calontir, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Gold Penguin Herald. Calontir, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Harrier Pursuivant. Calontir, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Kite Pursuivant. Calontir, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Vold Herald. Elyne Mody de Chadewyke. Name and device. Per chevron Or and vert, two martlets and a catamount's head erased counterchanged. Submitted as Elayne Moody de Chadwyke, the submitter requested authenticity for mid-14th C (no language/culture specified) and allowed any changes. None of the elements, as submitted, were authentic for her requested time period. The closest spelling we found for the given name was Elyne dated to 1379 in Bardsley (p. 269 s.n. Ellen). In this entry, the spelling Elyne is used as an unmarked matronymic in the name Willelmus Elyne, but it also seems to be a reasonable spelling for a given name of that time period. Bardsley (p. 539 s.n. Moody) dates Thomas Mody to 1379. Reaney & Wilson (p. 68 s.n. Chadwick) dates Andrew de Chadewyke to 1328. We have changed the name to these documented forms to meet the submitter's request for authenticity for the mid-14th C. Erinlin Aldhelm. Badge. Sable, a hunting horn within a bordure Or. Gotfridus von Schwaben. Device change. Or, a horse rampant vert. Nice arms! The submitter's previous arms, Vert, on a bend sinister between two stags rampant Or, three horses rampant palewise sable, are retained as a badge. June of Vatavia. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per pale sable and argent, two unicorn heads erased respectant counterchanged and a bordure rayonny gules. Her device was submitted under the name Shena the Red of Ravenhurst. Lora Anne the Silent. Badge. (Fieldless) On a cross crosslet vert, a cross couped Or. Marie de Lancey. Name and device. Per fess azure and gules, three increscents and a martlet Or. Rowan MacAllaster. Name. Thomas Foxleye of the Grenewode. Name change from Thomas Foxliche of the Grenewode. Submitted as Thomas Foxly of the Grenewode, the submitter requested authenticity for 12th to 15th C English and allowed any changes. The submitter documented Foxly as an adjective meaning 'crafty' dated to 1175 in the Oxford English Dictionary (2nd ed, p. 133). However, all examples that the College found of forms of Foxly used in bynames were references to places named Foxley or Foxleigh. Reaney & Wilson (p. 176 s.n. Foxlee) dates William Foxleigh to 1372 and John Foxleye to 1382. We have changed the spelling of Foxly to a documented 14th C English byname form to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. His previous name, Thomas Foxliche of the Grenewode, is released. Thomas of Cologne. Name and device. Per pall Or vert and gules, an axe sable and two axes Or. {U'}lfr {Th}yrison. Name and device. Azure, on a fess between two axes fesswise argent an axe fesswise reversed azure. Submitted as Ulf Thyrason, the submitter requested authenticity for "Norse" and allowed any changes. We have modified the name using forms from Geirr Bassi to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. William the Wicked. Name and device. Argent, a chevron gules between two hounds passant addorsed sable and a torteau. The submitter requested authenticity for English and allowed any changes. As we have no evidence that the Wicked is a period descriptive byname in English, we were unable to make this name authentic as the submitter requested. However, since wicked is dated to c. 1275 in the Oxford English Dictionary, this name is registerable. Yrsa in kyrra Gu{dh}brandsdottir. Device. Argent, a duck naiant sable, a bordure wavy gules platy. This was pended from July 2001 for a missing tincture. EALDORMERE Aibhil{i'}n of Skye. Device change. Per chevron argent and gules, two thistles proper and a mortar and pestle argent. This was pended from the June 2001 LoAR for clarification of a tincture. Her previous device, Gules, on a fess wavy between two round buckles Or three arrowheads inverted sable, is released. EAST Aldrich von Bremen. Name. Branwen ferch Gwythyr. Name. The submitter requested authenticity for an unspecified language/culture (presumably Welsh). We could not tell from the way the forms were filled out whether she allowed changes or not, so we chose to err on the side of caution and interpreted the form to mean that she did not allow changes to this name. Branwen was ruled SCA compatible in June of 1996. Reaney & Wilson (p. 61 s.n. Brangwin) date Brangwayna to 1250, and various surname forms to later. However, this is not a form of Branwen, but rather of Brangwain, which is a different name. Therefore, Branwen is not registerable as a documented name, thought it remains SCA compatible. There was some discussion that Gwythyr might be a name that was not used by real humans in period. Morgan and Morgan (p. 119 s.n. Gwythyr) date Rees Gwither to 1584, so the submitted name is registerable. It has one weirdness for using an SCA compatible given name. Catherine Peacock. Device. Azure, a peacock in its pride within a bordure invected Or. Ceri filia Reys. Name and device. Azure, a dragon dormant and in chief three mullets argent. Elze von Finkenauge. Name. Submitted as Elze von Finkena{u:}, the submitter requested authenticity for 12th to 14th C German and allowed any changes. No documentation was found that the submitted form of the locative is period. We have changed it to Finkenauge, dated to 1407 in Brechenmacher (p. 467), to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. Hans Raichle. Name change from Hans Ingvarsson fr{ao}n Uppsala. His previous name, Hans Ingvarsson fr{ao}n Uppsala, is released. Iain of the East. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Quarterly vert and sable, on a tower argent a fret gules. His device was submitted under the name Iain Macquarrie of Ulva. Marie Jos{e'} de Champain. Name and device. Argent, a lute in profile and on a chief azure three fleurs-de-lys argent. Submitted as Mari{e'} Jos{e'} de Champain, the submitter requested that we check the accents on the last letters of the first two name elements and allowed any changes. We found no evidence that an accent on the final letter in Marie is appropriate. Kraken found that Dauzat lists Jos{e'} as a rare patronymic form, so the accent is appropriate on that element. Since accents were frequently omitted from period French, the name Marie Jose de Champain is also appropriate. Michael MacCallum of Edinburgh. Name. Submitted as Michael MacCalluim of Edinburgh, the submitter requested authenticity for an unspecified language/culture (presumably one appropriate for Scotland) and allowed any changes. The submitted MacCalluim is neither a Scottish Gaelic spelling nor a Scots spelling. We have changed it to a completely Scots spelling in order to register the name. Shajar al-Rakkasa. Device. Purpure, on a fess between two mullets argent a crocodile tergiant fesswise contourny vert. This was pended from the June 2001 LoAR for a missing tincture. {U'}na ingen Ragnaill. Name and device. Checky sable and argent, a bend vert. Submitted as {U'}na ingen Ranald, the submitter requested authenticity for 12th to 13th C Scottish Gaelic and allowed any changes. Ranald is a Scots language form. (Scots is a language similar to English.) The corresponding name in Gaelic is Ragnall. A woman's byname using this name would take the form ingen Ragnaill before 1200. This is such nice armory that all of Wreath staff sighed happily in unison the moment it was shown to the room. Well done. LOCHAC Gerald of York. Name and device. Argent, on a cross cotised gules between four crosses of four lozenges purpure a sword inverted proper. Please advise the submitter to draw the cotises wider and with more separation from the cross. Massaria da Cortona. Name and device. Sable mullety argent, a continental panther rampant to sinister Or vomiting flames gules. Submitted as Massaria di Cortona, the particle used with placenames in Italian is da, not di. We have made this change. Continental panthers are sometimes drawn in period with a horse or bull's head, bull horns and cloven hind hooves. This variant of a panther appears to be a standard artistic variant of the Continental panther. It should not be distinguished in blazon from other forms of Continental panther, such as the one found in the Pictorial Dictionary, which resembles a wingless griffin. Rosemary Pinches notes, in her edition of the European Armorial, a.k.a. the Armorial of the Toison d'Or p. 36 (15th C), that the "panthere heraldique" was represented medievally with the head of a horse and the horns of a bull, as well as breathing fire. That Armorial presents a panther similar to this one, with bull horns, cloven hind hooves, and a long face. Warnecke's Rare Book-Plates 1400-1600 gives arms using a monster like the one submitted here on three plates, all belonging to members of a family of Scheurl. A monster almost identical to the one shown here is on plate 2 (Albr. Scheurl) ca. 1513, and plate 64 (Scheurl von Defersdorf, 16th C). A similar monster (with an eagle's head and cow horns) is on plate 46 of the same book (Christoph Scheurl, 16th C). Rietstap blazons the monster in the arms of Scheurl von Defersdorf as a panther, which is another indication that the charge used by the Scheurl family is meant to represent a panther rather than some other sort of monster. Niall de Marseilles. Name. All evidence provided with the submission and found by the College indicates that Niall is a spelling unique to Gaelic in period. It is included in the headers in Withycombe (p. 228 s.n. Nigel), but the text makes it clear that Niall is the usual modern Irish form. Given that the Anglo-Normans who settled in Ireland spoke French, and many were descended from families from Normandy, this Gaelic and French mix is registerable, though it is a weirdness. MERIDIES Ainbthen inghean Dubhghaill. Name and device. Or, a dirk sable overall a rose between flaunches gules each charged with a rose Or. Submitted as Ainfean inghean Dubhghaill, the submitter allowed any changes. The spelling Ainfean is the last form listed in the header for Ainbthen in {O'} Corr{a'}in & Maguire (p. 19). The spelling shift from "bh" to "f" is typical of the shift from Early Modern Gaelic to Modern Gaelic around 1700. Therefore, as we have no evidence that Ainfean is a period spelling, we have changed the given name to a period form. Note: in Gaelic, "D" does not lenite if the previous word ends in an "n". Batu Gal. Name. Broinnfinn inghean u{i'} Chath{a'}in. Name and device. Sable, a sword inverted Or between in pile two calla lilies slipped and leaved conjoined in base argent. Submitted as Broinnfhionn inghean ui Chatha'in, the submitter allowed minor changes. Broinnfhionn was submitted as a hypothetical form based on Broinnfind and Broinninn found in {O'} Corr{a'}in & Maguire (p. 38 s.n. Broinnfind). Given the early -find and the late -inn, some sort of transitional forms seems reasonable. To determine if the submitted form is a reasonable spelling of this name, we looked at the forms listed under the headers Barrfind and B{e'}binn in {O'} Corr{a'}in & Maguire. Since the listed form Broinninn does not include an "o" in the second syllable, this name seems to follow the spellings of the name B{e'}binn rather than those of Barrfind. If there had been a transitional form spelled -fhionn, the "o" would have been retained in a -ionn spelling. Therefore, based on the examples listed under B{e'}binn, we have changed the given name in this submission to Broinnfinn, which is a plausible transitional form to have existed between Broinnfind and Broinninn. We have changed the submitted Chatha'in to the documented Chath{a'}in. Claremonde de Blakeforde. Name. Cordelia de Lacy. Name. Edwin ate Grove. Name and device. Argent, on a chevron azure between two trees and a mullet of eight points gules a chain couped argent. Good name! Genevieve d'Argent Chene. Device change (see RETURNS for name change). Quarterly azure and argent, on a roundel sable a tree argent a bordure wavy counterchanged. Note that Genevieve d'Argent Chene is the submitter's currently registered name. It appears under the name returns section as well, but that's because the LoI listed only her registered name for a name change and gave no name to change to. The submitter's previous device, Quarterly azure and argent, on a roundel sable a tree eradicated argent, a bordure nebuly counterchanged, is released. Gordon Rede. Name change from Gordon of Axemoor. Submitted as Gordon le Red, the submitter requested authenticity for 1450 England or France and allowed any changes. Gordon, which is grandfathered to the submitter and is his legal given name, would not have been used as a given name in pre-1600 England or France. Therefore, we are unable to make this name authentic. Of the dated forms of the byname that we were able to find, the one dated to 1450 is Sir Edmond Rede dated to 'before 1470' in document 109 of Kingsford's Stonor Letters and Papers. We have changed the byname to this form to partially comply with his request for authenticity. His previous name, Gordon of Axemoor, is released. Juliana de Roeselare. Name. Katryne MacIntosh the Strange and Pol MacNeill. Joint badge. Per pale purpure and azure, two catamounts rampant reguardant addorsed tails entwined, the dexter Or and the sinister argent. Kenric de Berecomp. Name and device. Azure, a garb and a sinister tierce embattled argent. M{o'}r inghean Rossa. Name and device. Per bend argent and vert, a thistle proper and a crossbow argent. Good name! Owen Seys. Name and device. Gules, a chevron and in base a card pique argent. Submitted as Owen Sisk, the submitter requested authenticity for Welsh and allowed any changes. Owen ap Owen is dated to 1352 in Morgan and Morgan (p. 173 s.n. Owain). No documentation was found that the spelling Sisk is a period form. Morgan and Morgan (p. 189 s.n. Sais) date a number of spellings, but none that include a "k". Therefore we have changed the spelling to a form dated to 1352 in this entry in Morgan and Morgan to meet the submitter's request for authenticity for Welsh. Rose MacDougal. Name. Listed on the LoI as Rose MacDougall, the forms listed MacDougal. Given that Reaney & Wilson (p. 291 s.n. Macdougal) date Duncan Makdougal to c. 1230, we have dropped the second l and returned the name to the originally submitted form. Sybil Addington. Name. The submitter requested authenticity for the 16th C (no culture specified). Gray and Gethyn-Jones, ed., The Registers of the Church of St. Mary's, Dymock, 1538-1790, date Sybyl to 1569 and Sybill to 1549, so Sybil seems a likely spelling for an English name in her desired time period. Most forms of the surname Addington found by the College predate the submitter's desired time period by several hundred years. As the surname Addington is derived from one of several places of that name, we can conjecture a 16th C form from spellings of the placename from that near that time period. Speed's The Counties of Britain (p. 106, map of Kent, most maps dated 1610) includes the location Addington. Therefore the submitted form seems reasonable for her desired time period. Tar Radu. Name and device. Sable, a moose's head erased affronty argent enflamed gules within a bordure dovetailed argent pellety. Zachary Strangeman. Name (see RETURNS for device). The submitter requested authenticity for Scottish Lowland language/culture. As neither element is documented as appearing in Scotland, we were unable to make this name authentic. MIDDLE Bastian Eychener. Name. The submitter requested authenticity for 14th to 15th C German. As the forms of Bastian that the College was able to find all date to the 16th C, we do not know if the name is authentic for his desired time period. Beate Wittmaier. Device. Per bend gules and Or, two cats sejant counterchanged Or and sable. Cainder ingen hui Chatharnaig. Device. Per chevron argent and sable, two hazel sprigs and an owl counterchanged. Some questions were raised about the identifiability of the hazel springs. The submitter has provided documentation that this sort of hazel is found in England. Coldedernhale, Shire of. Device. Purpure, on a pile wavy argent a seawolf purpure, overall a laurel wreath Or. This submission was pended from July 2001 for a missing tincture. Elisabeth Fairchild. Name. Frederich Holstein der Tollhase. Device. Per chevron rayonny Or and gules, two crosses of Jerusalem gules and a cow rampant ermine. Hywel ap Llywelyn. Name and device. Purpure semy of trilliums Or, a bear statant guardant contourny argent. The submitter requested authenticity for 750 to 800 AD Welsh, said "name must remain Celtic", and allowed minor changes. Both elements in this name are standard forms for medieval Welsh, but are not appropriate for the earlier period desired by the submitted. Rouge Scarpe noted in the LoI, "Various Latin forms of Hywel are found in Tangwystyl's 'The First Thousand Years of British Names' (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/tangwystyl/british1000/), including Hiuel, Hiugel, Houel, Huwel, Higuel, HOUELT, and Houil". Changing a language is a major change, which the submitter doesn't allow, so we have not changed the name to a form appropriate to his desired time. Additionally, no evidence has been found for any form of Llywelyn as early as the period desired by the submitter. Nezhka Kiriena Petrova. Name. The submitter requested authenticity for 12th C Novgorod. Double given names were not used in 12th C Novgorod. We would have dropped one of the given names to make this name authentic. However, since she only allowed minor changes, we could not make this change. Rhieinwylydd verch Einion Llanaelhaearn. Name. Tamsyn Seamarke. Name and device. Per pale azure and Or, a seahorse bendwise counterchanged. Tamsin is found as a feminine given name in a burial record in 1601 in "Transcript from the Buckfastleigh Registers" (http://www.picknowl.com.au/homepages/bobm/webidx.htm). Bardsley dates the feminine given names Tamson to 1573 & 1574 (s.n. Tamplin), and Tomasyn to 1557 (s.n. Inkley). Given these examples, the submitted Tamsyn seems to be a plausible variant of Tamsin. OUTLANDS Adeliza de Harcourt. Name and device. Per bend sinister azure and sable, a bend sinister cotised between two lions passant guardant Or. Listed on the LoI as Adeliza de Harcourt de Saint Valery, the name was originally submitted as Adeliza du Harcourt de Saint Valery. The submitter requested authenticity for 11th C Normandy and allowed any changes. No documentation was presented and none could be found that two locative bynames are a plausible construction. Adeliza de Harcourt or Adeliza de Saint Valery are authentic forms for 11th C Normandy. Reaney & Wilson (s.n. Harcourt) provides an example of de Harcourt dated to 1055. Though we know the town of Saint Valery existed in the 11th C, we did not find any dated examples to give us an indication of what spelling the name would have taken at that time. Therefore, we have dropped de Saint Valery and registered the name as Adeliza de Harcourt, which uses elements all dated to the 11th C. {AE}thelind of Hawk's Hollow. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per bend sinister Or and vert, a ring of three keys sable and a mortar and pestle Or. The device was submitted under the name Aethelind of Erbesweald. A'isha bint Asad Ud-Din. Device. Or, a sexfoil within the Arabic words "kaana khafi bishshawkihi jamaalat-il-wardata" in orle gules. Alia Marie de Blois. Name. Caterina Fregoso. Device. Gules, a peacock in his pride and on a chief argent five lozenges conjoined throughout sable. Please advise the submitter not to cut off the outside points of the outermost lozenges. Daniel Archer the Bear. Device. Vert, a bear and a lion combattant and a bordure embattled Or. Molle in le Willewys. Name and device. Per chevron azure and sable, two mortars and pestles argent and an apothecary jar Or. Good name! Reimar Heyden. Name and device. Or, a fox courant and on a chief sable three palm trees Or. Good name! Rowland le Strange. Name and device. Per chevron sable and vert, a chevron Or and in base a natural leopard's face argent. Submitted as Rowland Le Strange, we have changed the capitalization of le to match documented forms. Good name! Stjerne-Odd S{o:}rensen. Device. Azure, a fess engrailed ermine between a demi-sun issuant from the fess Or and a crescent argent. TRIMARIS Amalric de Mannia. Name. The submitter requested authenticity for "12th C Norman Sicily". As the de Mannia is a Latin locative byname referring to the Isle of Man, it is not authentic for his desired time period and culture. Annys of Trimaris. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per bend Or and barry wavy Or and azure, a heron volant bendwise wings addorsed azure. Her device was submitted under the name Annys of WykeBeck. Arianna Wlfraven. Name. Submitted as Arianna Wolfraven, the submitter allowed minor changes and did not have a request for authenticity. Wolfraven is a header form in Bardsley. In most cases, header forms are plausible for period and so are registerable. However, precedent (most notably regarding modern forms in {O'} Corr{a'}in & Maguire) has ruled that header forms which are modern may not be registerable. (This has been handled on a case by case basis.) Wolfraven falls into this category. The name drives from the Old German W{ae}lhr{ae}fn and all dated forms of this name found by the College do not have the Wolf- spelling, which seems to be a post-period phenomenon. Bardsley (p. 822 s.n. Wolfraven) dates Wlfraven to 1273. The lingual mix of Italian (Arianna) and English (Wlfraven) is registerable, though it is a weirdness. Calum Nickeson. Name (see RETURNS for device). Submitted as Kalum Nickerson, no documentation was provided and none could be found that that Kalum is a reasonable period variant of Calum. Without such evidence, it is not registerable. The only documentation provided for Nickerson was from a genealogy webpage. As genealogy sources routinely normalize spellings, they are not suitable for documentation of SCA name submissions on their own. Without independent evidence that Nickerson is a period surname, it is not registerable. The closest dated form found was Nickeson, which is dated to 1601 in Hitching and Hitching References to English Surnames in 1601 and 1602. We have therefore used this spelling. Chlothar Bructerus. Name (see PENDS for device). Submitted as Clothar {a'} Bructeri, the submitter requested authenticity for "600s Franks" and allowed any changes. Regarding the spelling of the given name, Metron Ariston stated: Linguistically, the spelling Chlothar is much more reasonable as most of the Frankish names from that dynasty began with an initial Ch. (The forms without the h are generally later French normalizations.) The Bructeri were a German tribe, but they are a bit earlier than the earliest citation for Chlothar or any similar name. The French preposition {a'} is out of place since the byname is Latin, so we have removed it. The most likely form of a byname with the meaning 'of the Bructeri' is Bructerus. We have made these changes. Chrysantha d'Argento. Name (see RETURNS for device). Submitted as Chrysanthia d'Argento, the given name was justified as a feminine form of Chrysanthos found in DeFelice's Dizionario dei Nomi Italiani (p. 116). This source (s.n. Crisante) notes that Chrysanthus is Latinized form of the Greek Chrysanthos. The feminine form of this name would be Chrysantha, not Chrysanthia. Crom{a'}n of Brineside Moor. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Sable, a chimerical beast with the head of a lion, a unicorn, and a dragon, a body of a lion, and a dragon's tail statant argent. This is a small change from Bossewell's chimera, substituting a unicorn's head for a goat's head. Examples of Bossewell's original chimera can be seen in the 1572 Armorie or the Pictorial Dictionary. The device was submitted under the name Chrom{a'}n Thein. Dubhgall mac R{e'}amoinn. Name (see RETURNS for device). Submitted as Dubgall MacReamonn, the submitter requested authenticity of the language/culture of the Island of Skye. The submitted Dubgall is a pre-1200 spelling. The corresponding post-1200 spelling is Dubhgall. MacReamonn is not quite Anglicized Irish/Scots and not quite Gaelic. The closest correct Gaelic form is mac R{e'}amoinn, which is appropriate for post-1200. An authentic name would consist of elements following one orthography. Therefore, we have changed the name elements to a consistently post-1200 form to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. Eoin an Eich Ghil mac Cionaodha. Name and device. Azure, in pale a hand and a horse couchant regardant argent. Submitted as Ean Echb{a'}n MacCin{a'}eda, the submitter requested authenticity for "1200-1600 Scotland or Ireland (Gaelic)" and allowed any changes. The form Ean is documented only as part of the byname M'Ean in Scots. As such, it is not evidence for the use of Ean as a given name in either Scots or Gaelic, since Scots bynames are derived from phonetic renderings of Gaelic patronymic bynames, which use genitive forms that can differ significantly in spelling and pronounciation from nominative forms. Since the submitter gave his intended meaning as 'John, owner of a white horse, son of Cinaed', we have changed the given name to the standard Early Modern Gaelic (post-1200) form Eoin. Echb{a'}n was documented as a hypothetical descriptive byname meaning 'of the white horse', based on the early period descriptive byname Echluath which meant 'fast horse'. Echb{a'}n uses pre-1200 orthography which is not appropriate for the submitter's desired time period. There is actually a byname that means 'of the white horse/steed'. The Annals of the Four Masters, vol. 2 (http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/G100005B/) list Tadhg an Eich Ghil mac Cathail mic Concobhair in entry M1014.21 (for the year 1014). The translation of this article gives the meaning of this name as 'Tadhg of the White Steed, son of Cathal, son of Conchobhar'. Since The Annals of the Four Masters were written in 1632-1636, much of their orthography dates from that time period. Given this information and since the form an Eich Ghil seems to follow post-1200 orthography rules, this form of the byname is appropriate for his desired time period. We were not able to find an example of a byname meaning 'of the white horse' later than 1097, when Tadhg is last mentioned (he was killed in 1030). Cin{a'}eda is a pre-1200 genitive spelling of the name Cin{a'}ed. In post-1200 orthography, the nominative form of this name became Cionaodh and the genitive spelling became Cionaodha or Cionaoith. As he wanted this name to be a literal byname meaning 'son of Cinaed' rather than 'a member of the MacCin{a'}eda family', we have separated the particle mac from the patronym and made the "m" lowercase--to follow conventions used to indicate a literal byname. F{a'}el{a'}n mac Grigair. Name and device. Per pale Or and vert, a thistle within a bordure counterchanged sable and Or. Submitted as Faelan MacGriogair, the submitter requested authenticity for "Ireland/Scotland". Authentic forms of this name would be F{a'}el{a'}n mac Grigair for pre-1200 and Faol{a'}n mac Griogair or Faol{a'}n Mac Griogair for post-1200. As the early form is closer to the submitted form, we have changed the spelling of this name to that form to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. Gaston de Champvieux. Name and device (see RETURNS for badge). Per pale gules and sable, a sinister hand in benediction argent and a bordure embattled Or. Submitted as Gaston de Viellechamps, the submitter requested authenticity for 14th C France. The only documentation provided for de Viellechamps was a statement that it was a translation of 'of the old fields'. Evidence found by the College indicates that a French placename with this meaning in period would have been Champvieux. We have therefore made this change. Jesmond Ravenlea. Name (see RETURNS for device). Submitted as Jessamyn Ravenlea, no documentation was provided and none could be found that Jessamyn is a period given name. Barring such documentation, the name is not registerable. We have substituted the documented form Jesmond. Lyneue la Sawyere. Name and device. Azure, on a fess wavy argent between three dolphins haurient Or a rose gules. Good name! Toghan Temur. Name (see RETURNS for device). WEST Arianwen o Aberystwyth. Device. Per pale sable and argent, two rabbits sejant erect respectant counterchanged and a chief embattled Or. Juliana dei Rossi. Name and device. Azure, a wolf sejant ululant and on a chief Or three double roses proper. Submitted as Juliana de'Rossi, de' is an abbreviation for dei. As we do not register scribal abbreviations, we have spelled it out. Additionally, dei is a separate word from Rossi. We have made this correction. Kaaren H{ao}konsd{o'}ttir. Device. Per chevron argent and Or, in base an estoile within an orle purpure. Marielle de Rivage du Corbeau. Device change. Azure, in fess two weavers' shuttles palewise argent. Her previous device, Azure, on a bend sinister argent, an arrow inverted sable, and in canton a mullet of four points argent, is released. Mungo Mor. Name change from holding name Todd of Esfenn. Submitted as Mungo Amadan Mor, it was changed to Cosmungo Amadan Mor at kingdom because Mungo was documented only as a nickname for the 6th C saint. Cornelian found evidence for the name Mungo in The Court Book of the Barony of Carnwath, 1523-1524, which includes: The quhilk day my l[ord] foloit mungo morpet & Jhon vyld & Jhon anderson on the tane part & mungo lows on the toder part for the tylin of his grund with violent blud... Cornelian notes this section as dating to 1525. This quote documents the name Mungo in the names mungo morpet and mungo lows. These examples are enough to support Mungo as a 16th C Scots masculine given name. The submitter intended Amadan Mor to be a descriptive byname meaning 'the great fool'. Amadan was documented from a 19th C story and two dictionaries. None of these sources give any indication that the word amadan was used in Gaelic in period. Barring such evidence, it is not registerable as a name element. We have dropped the problematic element and are registering Mungo Mor, which was one of the submitter's acceptable alternatives listed on his form. Rilint Neufang. Device. Per bend sable bezanty and vert, in base a hare rampant reguardant Or. This does not conflict with Cornwall, Sable bezanty (important non-SCA arms). There is one CD for the changing the field. There is a second CD for adding the rabbit, because the rabbit is not in the same charge group as the bezants. "By current precedent, the semy charges must be in a separate group from all other charges (LoAR 7/01, Giraude Benet)." Rodrigo Bernardez. Device. Per bend sinister argent and vert, a rat rampant sable and a hand argent. Rosa di Marco. Name. Good name! Sabina le Grey. Name. Good name! THE FOLLOWING HAVE BEEN RETURNED FOR FURTHER WORK {AE}THELMEARC Elizabeth McGrigour. Name. This name is being returned for conflict with Eliza MacGregor (registered June 1998 via Trimaris). As Eliza is a diminutive of Elizabeth, they conflict. The armory was registered under the holding name Elizabeth of Misty Highlands. AN TIR Luaithren bean Seabhcir. Name. This name is being returned for multiple reasons: First, Luaithren was documented from The Book of Irish Saints by Eoin Neeson. On examination, this doesn't appear to be a trustworthy source. Of the twelve saints listed in the photocopies we received, at least three (including Luaithren) aren't corroborated in Farmer's The Oxford Dictionary of Saints or {O'} Corr{a'}in & Maguire. Seven of the remaining names don't have the Gaelic forms of the saints' names correctly spelled. Additionally, Neeson is not consistent in his headers. Some have Gaelic forms as the first listed header form; others use Anglicized forms, with no indication of which is which. In at least one case (Saint Brioch), Neeson incorrectly describes the saint as being from Ireland. All of these factors combine to render Neeson's book unsuitable for our purposes. Barring documentation of Luaithren from another source, we can't register it at this time. The submitted byname bean Seabhcir was intended to mean 'wife of the fowler or falconer'. Seabhcir was documented from a Gaelic dictionary. No documentation was presented and none was found that this word was known in Gaelic in period. Barring such documentation, it is not registerable in a name. Her armory has been registered under the holding name Laurie of Terra Pomaria. ANSTEORRA Gerard du Quartier. Device. Purpure, a cross of Cleves Or and on a chief azure fimbriated three fleurs-de-lys argent. Chiefs may not be fimbriated. Voiding and fimbriation may only be used with simple geometric charges placed in the center of the design, by RfS VIII.3. ARTEMISIA Giorgio de Argentina Bilotti. Device. Azure, a sun in his splendor Or and on a chief argent three Phrygian caps gules. Conflict with Isabel d'Avignon, Azure, a sun Or, on a chief argent three decrescents azure. There is only one CD for the cumulative change of type and tincture of the charges on the chief. Katharine Stuart. Name. This name is being returned for conflict with Caitlin Stuart (registered May 1982) and with Catriona Stiubhard (registered April 1997) per the precedents: Conflict with the registered name Caitlin of Greenwood. When pronounced correctly, the only difference in sound is the very minor difference between an "r" and an "l" and sometimes the difference between a "t" and a "th". Neither change is sufficient difference. [Catharine Grenewode, 01/00, R-Atlantia] This conflicts with Katharine Campbell, registered in June 1988. According to RfS V.1.a, two name elements need to differ significantly in sound and appearance to be considered different. The difference in pronunciation between Catriona and Katharine is not quite significant enough. [Catriona Campbell, 05/01, R-Meridies] In the name Catriona Stiubhard, Stiubhard is the Gaelic form of Stuart/Stewart. So, as they sound almost identical, there is no there is no difference between these bynames. Rycharde de Bruce the Fowler. Badge. (Fieldless) On a delf gules a lozenge argent. To quote Baron Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme, as Laurel, on the subject of fieldless badges: Fieldless badges consisting only of forms of armorial display, such as escutcheons, lozenges and delfs, are not acceptable since in use the "shield" shape does not appear to be a charge, but rather the field itself. This presents an entirely different armory for view. (LoAR 9/93 p.25) As Palimpsest notes, "For any who question the interpretation of a delf as a mode of armorial display, note that in Carlisle Herald's visitation of London in 1530 are found numerous references to defacing or removing 'Skochines, Squares, and Losenges wrongfully eusid'." Please advise the submitter that there would be a problem if he resubmitted with the arms Gules, a lozenge argent, the armory which appears to be displayed on this delf. Such a submission would conflict with Cecilie die {A:}rtztin, Gules, on a lozenge throughout argent, a bat-winged dolphin haurient contourny sable. There would only be one CD for removing the charge on the lozenge. ATENVELDT None. ATLANTIA Erik the Bear. Device. Argent, a sword and a great axe in saltire sable in chief a brown bear's head cabossed proper. RfS VIII.4.b. Modern Insignia states: "Allusions to modern insignia, trademarks, or common designs may not be registered." This rule does not refer to a particular artistic style, such as whether the particular depiction is stylized (such as the Chicago Bulls logo) or naturalistic (such as the Chicago Bears logo), nor does it refer to technical conflict. The issue here is unmistakable allusion to the modern insignia or trademark. The bear's head here appears to be a photocopy of the Chicago Bears logo as seen on their web site, but flipped on the vertical axis, omitting some details, and colored in a different shade of brown. Because this could reasonably be seen by many viewers as "just the same" as the bear's head portion of the Bears logo, this is too strong an allusion to a modern trademark to be registered. The sword and axe are clearly the primary group here, and the bear's head (which is significantly smaller) is a secondary group on its own. While keeping the relative proportion of the charges the same, please advise the submitter to draw them all larger, and to center the sword and axe more on the shield, to better fill the available space. Erik the Bear. Badge. (Fieldless) A brown bear's head cabossed proper. RfS VIII.4.b. Modern Insignia states: "Allusions to modern insignia, trademarks, or common designs may not be registered." This rule does not refer to a particular artistic style, such as whether the particular depiction is stylized (such as the Chicago Bulls logo) or naturalistic (such as the Chicago Bears logo), nor does it refer to technical conflict. The issue here is unmistakable allusion to the modern insignia or trademark. The bear's head here appears to be a photocopy of the Chicago Bears logo as seen on their web site, but flipped on the vertical axis, omitting some details, and colored in a different shade of brown. Because this could reasonably be seen by many viewers as "just the same" as the bear's head portion of the Bears logo, this is too strong an allusion to a modern trademark to be registered. Fa{i'}lenn inghean Mheanmain of Ulster. Device. Quarterly vert and argent, two Latin crosses argent. Conflict with William Forest Oldemixon, Per pale azure and sable, two Latin crosses fitchy argent. There is a CD for changes to the field, but nothing for fitching the crosses. There is no difference for the change of the arrangement of the crosses, since Fa{i'}lenn's are forced to be in bend by the field tincture. Manuela Pon{c,}e. Device. Per pale sable and vert, on a round artist's palette Or marked of various tinctures two brushes in saltire sable handled proper. The College could not find evidence for round artist's palettes in period heraldry or as a period artifact. Without documentation for a round palette, this charge may not be registered. Torfin de Carric. Device. Chevronelly Or and gules. Conflict with Clare, Earl of Gloucester, Or three chevrons gules (Important non-SCA armory). There is no difference between chevronelly and multiple chevronels. Past precedent indicates that no difference should be given for paly versus pallets, or barry versus bars, due to their historical interchangeability. This interchangeability has been extended for SCA practice to bendlets sinister: [considering Argent, four scarpes gules, overall a bear rampant sable] After much thought we have decided that with that many scarpes on the field, that there is no effective difference between that and a bendy sinister field. It was not unusual for barry or paly fields in period to be drawn with an odd number of traits (which we'd blazon as bars or palets); see, for example, the arms of Mouton (Multon, Moleton) found both as Barry argent and gules and Argent, three bars gules. (Dictionary of British Arms, Volume 1, pp 59, 88; Foster, p.145) and the arms of von Rosenberg, whose Per fess field has in base either three bends or bendy depending upon the artist's whim (Siebmacher, p. 8; Neubecker and Rentzmann, p. 290). Even when the distinction is worth blazoning, it's worth no difference. Therefore, this conflicts with ... Argent, a bear rampant sable.... (Aron Nied{th}wied{th}, 12/97 LoAR p. 8) The situation with chevronelly is more ambiguous, both historically and visually. Electrum has provided evidence that strongly implies that chevronelly and multiple chevrons were drawn interchangeably before 1300, but by 1400 depictions of arms using three chevrons would consistently have been drawn as we would expect three chevrons to be drawn. However, no one has provided evidence suggesting that chevronelly and multiple chevrons would have been considered different by a later period viewer: chevronelly might have been considered a poor artistic rendering of three chevrons, rather than a distinct cadenced, or completely different, coat. Visually, chevronelly may at times differ from being exactly analogous to barry, paly and bendy. In the latter fields, the only way to visually distinguish these designs from bars, pallets or bendlets is to count the stripes or compare the tincture of the top and bottom stripe. The majority of the shield looks just the same regardless of whether there are an odd or even number of traits. In the case of chevronelly versus chevronels, there can be an extra visual cue that chevronelly is intended. In arms such as Or three chevronels gules, the point of the chiefmost gules chevron would always be clearly visible as a point, and not cut off at the top of the shield. Chevronelly Or and gules could be drawn with the top of the gules chevron cut off at the top of the shield, giving a clear visual cue that chevronelly is intended, and not requiring the counting of traits or looking at the tincture of the bottom trait. However, this visual cue is not present in all depictions of chevronelly. Chevronelly may be drawn in such a way as to require counting of traits, or looking at the bottom trait of the shield, to determine which design is intended. This would be the depiction where the top gules chevron has a visual point: it's throughout (touching the chief), which would be a reasonable depiction for the top of a shield showing Or three chevronels gules. The emblazon of this submission is drawn in such a way, with the top gules chevron portion being throughout. Given the well established pattern of interchangeability for other multiply divided fields versus multiple ordinaries, and the ambiguities in the case of chevronelly versus chevronels, it seems appropriate to extend the ruling for the other ordinaries to cover chevrons. CAID Br{i'}d u{i'} Chon na Mara. Badge. (Fieldless) An open penannular brooch bendwise sinister Or. Conflict with a badge of Brendan Mad, Vert, a round buckle Or. There is one CD for the field. With the best will in the world we could not give a CD between a round buckle and a penannular brooch, when the outlines are so close to identical. Recall that the direction of the pin of the buckle is artistic license. Dechtire ingen Ruairc. Name. Dechtire is only found as the name of mother of C{u'} Chulainn. Barring evidence that Dechtire was used by humans in period, it is not registerable. Harsha Varnum. Name. The submitter has provided sufficient evidence that the name Harsha is not unique to the 7th C Indian emperor of that name, which was the previous cause for return. Unfortunately, the only documentation provided for the byname Varnum given in the LoI was, "The submitter asserts that Varnum is an epithet meaning 'shield', and that such an epithet would be appropriate for an Indian warrior (he cites personal communication with Swami Atmajananda, Ramakrishna Order, Washington D.C.)." Previous precedent has ruled that communication with a modern speaker of a language is not adequate documentation for a period name: [Name] As has been noted before, personal correspondence from a modern speaker, or even a scholar, of a language is not adequate documentation for a period name. The only documentation provided in support of the [byname] ... were a few lines ... from the ... gift shop proprietor cited as the source for the translation. Since no one in the College could come up with any supporting documentation for anything similar..., some more substantial documentation must be required from the submittor. (Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane, LoAR 26 Jul 87, p. 10) Despite our high respect for [Name] and her expertise in [language] (it's what she does for a living), we have to have some idea of why she thinks it is O.K. to register this name form. Specifically we need to have documentation of the meaning and construction of the elements in this name, information not included on the letter of intent or on the forms. (Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane, LoAR 30 Sep 89, p. 14) As the College was unable to find documentation of Varnum as a period byname, it must be returned for lack of documentation. His device was registered under the holding name Harsha of Caid. Su of the Silver Horn. Release of badge and reinstatement of released device as badge. Sable, a bat-winged cat rampant to sinister, wings addorsed vert, fimbriated Or, holding in its forepaws the strings of a drinking horn argent. The LoI provided no evidence that the release of the bat-winged cat device, on registration of her 1981 device change, was in error, nor did the LoI present evidence of hardship. There was no directive in the 1981 LoI, on the device change form, or in other paperwork in Laurel files, asking that Laurel preserve the previously registered device as a badge. Standard procedure under the then-applicable 1979 rules for submission (like today) was to release an old device if the device were changed, unless the submitter requested that it be kept as a badge. In this submitter's previous device change attempt in 1980 (returned at Laurel), the LoI indicated that the previous device (the bat-winged cat device) should be maintained as a badge. However, it has never been College of Arms policy to assume that such directives from one Letter of Intent carry through to another Letter of Intent. Laurel notes that the submitter was heraldically active in the SCA after the badge was released, as the files show heraldic actions from her through 1983. Therefore there is no clear evidence of a hardship existing by which she might not have been informed that the previous device was released. Laurel Sovereign of Arms would remind everyone that decisions are made based on the information provided on the forms, in the LoI, and in the comments provided by the College. Therefore, we must hold by "non scripta, non est": if it isn't in writing, it doesn't exist. CALONTIR Calontir, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Merlin Pursuivant. Calontir first submitted Merlin as a heraldic title in 1984: Calontir, Kingdom of. (heraldic titles). 1) Merlin Herald: There is a mundane Merlyne Pursuivant. [Calontir, Kingdom of, Merlin Pursuivant, May 1984 LoAR, Calontir-R] As Merlyne Pursuivant was officially protected in August 1987 and included in the Armorial, this non-SCA title is still a conflict. Shena the Red of Ravenhurst. Name. The LoI documented the name Shena from Withycombe (s.n. Jane). However, while Withycombe dates the name Jane to the 15th C, regarding Shena, she says, "The Gaelic form of the name is S{'i}ne (phonetically rendered as Sheena or Shena); Irish is S{e'}adna". When discussing non-English names, Withycombe is usually referring to modern forms. No documentation was provided and none could be found that any form of Shena, S{'i}ne, etc. was used in period. Without such documentation, the name is not registerable. Her armory has been registered under the holding name June of Vatavia. Temair Sweynsei. Name. This name has two weirdnesses: one for lingual disparity and a second for temporal disparity. The given name Temair is documented to 665 as an Irish Gaelic feminine given name. The element Sweynsei is documented to 1188 as a place name in English. Therefore, the submitted name combines Irish Gaelic and English, which is a weirdness, and combines elements more than 300 years apart, which is another weirdness. EAST Iain Macquarrie of Ulva. Name. This name is being returned for combining the name of a clan with the clan seat of that clan. This is a long-standing precedent best summarized in the LoAR of March 1993: We will continue to prohibit the use of a Scots clan name with the seat or territory of that clan (e.g. Cameron of Lochiel), or a surname with the phrase of that Ilk (or its functional equivalent, e.g Macintosh of Macintosh). That usage, with or without the given name, is the title of the actual chief of the clan or his immediate kin; its use in the SCA represents a direct infringement on actual nobility, and also appears to be a claim to rank, either of which is grounds for return. (Alexander MacIntosh of Islay, March, 1993, pp. 7-8) As the submitter does not allow major changes, we were unable to drop one of the bynames in order to register this name. His armory was registered under the holding name Iain of the East. Note: Iain was ruled SCA-compatible in April of 1997. James Jacob Talbot. Device. Ermine, two talbots sejant respectant regardant gules. Conflict with Caitrin Maura Gordon, Per fess argent and plummetty gules and Or, two foxes sejant respectant and reguardant, gules. There is one CD for the change to the field. By long standing precedent, there is no difference between foxes and talbots. There is no difference for position on the field, as the foxes in Caitrin's arms are forced to chief by another element in the design (here, the tincture of the bottom of the field). LOCHAC Jan Antheunis van Ghent. Badge. (Fieldless) A pomegranate argent slipped leaved and seeded Or. This is not a standard heraldic pomegranate as seen, for example, in the various depictions of arms of Granada. The standard pomegranate slipped and leaved has the fruit clearly visible against the field, with a small slip to base with plain "leaf-shaped" leaves. Here the fruit's outline is almost entirely obscured by large, complex-outlined, acanthus leaves. The submitted artwork may well be a period design, as might have been used in a Renaissance brocade, but it is not heraldically identifiable as a pomegranate. Moreover, because the white fruit lies almost entirely on the Or leaves, this design has insufficient contrast. There were various possible conflicts called against this badge in the Letter of Intent, each of which depended on tincture use to clear the conflict. Any redesign of this badge which would clear the identifiability problem would also change the proportions of the tinctures in some way, so we cannot address these conflicts here. However, please do advise the submitter to avoid these possible conflicts on resubmission: a badge of Allaine de Beaumont of Glastonbury, (Fieldless) A pomegranate slipped and leaved Or; a badge of Cathlin Sommerfield, (Fieldless) A pomegranate sable slipped, leaved, and seeded Or; and Katherine Lynten of CaerLeon, Per bend sinister rompu argent and gules, in sinister base a pomegranate slipped and leaved argent, seeded gules. MERIDIES Eleri of Caerleon. Badge. Sable, two axes in saltire Or. Conflict with Richard of Mont Royal, the Short, Sable, in saltire a double-bitted axe and a Celtic cross Or. There is a CD for changing the type of half the primary charge group from an axe to a cross, and no additional difference for the change of type of the axe. It also conflicts with Arthur Knox of Bannockburn, Per pale sable and azure, two double-bitted axes in saltire Or. There is a CD for the changing the field but nothing for changing the type of axes. It also conflicts with Katrine Keathe, Sable, two double-bitted axes in saltire argent. There is a CD for changing the tincture of the axes but nothing for changing the type of axes. Genevieve d'Argent Chene. Name change to "masculine form of Genevieve". There was no name form submitted for this name change, so it must be returned. The submitter desired the name change because she said that the name was supposed to be a "masculine form of Genevieve", since her persona is masculine. The College was unable to find any masculine form of Genevieve and believe that such a form is not likely, since Genevieve is derived from roots that mean 'beginning/race/family/breed' and 'wife'. Paraskova Chemislava. Device. Azure chap{e'} ploye ermine, a fox sejant contourny its sinister paw elevated argent. Conflict with a badge of the Barony of Carolingia, for the Borough of Felding, Vert chap{e'} barry wavy azure and argent, a vixen sejant guardant contourny argent. There is only a single CD for the changes to the field. The small posture changes are not worth a CD. Sheila Stuart. Device. Gules, a natural tiger couchant guardant contourny Or marked sable. The submitter's name had not yet been sent to Laurel: it was on August's Letter of Intent. Therefore, the device must be returned for administrative reasons. The device also has conflicts, which it seemed appropriate to mention at this point, so that the submitter may learn about them sooner. The device conflicts with Georgina of Athens, Gules, in pale a Grecian fa{c,}ade argent and a cat couchant to sinister guardant Or. There is one CD for removing the second primary charge (the fa{c,}ade). There is no difference for changing the type of cat, or for the tincture change represented by the markings, which are less than half the charge. This also conflicts with Berengere Marguerite Madeline d'Acre, Gules, a lion dormant contourny Or, a chief wavy argent. There is one CD for the removing the chief but nothing for the changing the posture from dormant to couchant guardant. Again, there is no difference between types of cats. This also conflicts with: Bulgaria, Gules, a lion rampant crowned Or (important non-SCA armory); the United Provinces, Gules, a lion rampant crowned Or, maintaining a sword proper and a sheaf of seven arrows inverted argent, tipped Or (important non-SCA armory); and Aquitaine, Gules, a lion passant guardant Or (important non-SCA armory). In each case there is one CD for changing the posture but nothing else for the changes involving small maintained items. Vulcan's Forge, Canton of. Branch name. This branch name is being returned for lack of documentation of the name construction. Koira points out the problems with this name: The submitters have shown that native gods appear in British place names. However, they have not shown that Roman gods do so, even in cases where a Roman god was considered identical with a native one. Also, they have not shown that names of the form 's appear in Britain. I'd expect to see some evidence to support both these points. Regarding one of the locations mentioned in the submitted documentation, Metron Ariston states: It should definitely be noted that the Wayland's Smithy that is noted on the Letter of Intent was not a site of human habitation, but rather a neolithic burial chamber that was never occupied by humans in the time in which it carried this name. Indeed, according to the medieval and modern myths, Wayland still dwelled there: It is likely that this myth travelled with the Anglo Saxons, and the tomb became associated with Wayland because of its uncanny quality. It is well known that the art of the smith was shrouded in secrecy, legend and magic, and many ancient monuments became attributed to supernatural figures. Volundr is also associated with labyrinths, and it has been suggested that the resemblance of the dilapidated tomb to a labyrinth may have led to its association with the smith god. Traditionally, Wayland still inhabited the mound and was ready to shoe a horse. The horse had to be left at the mound alone for a short period, along with the payment of a silver coin. On returning the horse would have been shod and the payment would have disappeared. (www.mysteriousbritain.co.uk/majorsites/waylands_smithy.html). Barring evidence that the construction [Roman god's name] + [type of place associated with that god] is a period construction in Britain and that it was used for places that humans actually lived in, this name is not registerable. Zachary Strangeman. Device. Azure, a Manx cat rampant to sinister reguardant argent and in dexter chief a bee Or. The College could not identify this animal as a cat, generally believing it appeared to be some sort of dog, or perhaps a bear. While period heraldic art was by no means always realistic, it had unmistakable cues to the identity of the type of animal, especially in stylized artwork. Because the Manx cat has no tail, one of these cues was lost, making it all the more important that the remainder of the animal be drawn recognizably as a cat. Since this drawing was not identifiable, the armory must be returned. MIDDLE Roaring Wastes, Barony of the. Augmentation. Vert, a chalice within a laurel wreath between three suns Or for augmentation in chief three annulets interlaced one and two Or. No petition of support was provided for this augmentation. Since the augmentation modifies the branch arms, a petition of support is required. The tincture of the annulets was missing in the Letter of Intent: they are Or as indicated in the blazon above. A question was raised about possible problems with use of the Ballantine's Ale insignia. While we did not find the corporate web site, we did find beer collectors' web sites showing many beer labels of varying ages, and the Ballantine's Ale logo uses the annulets two and one, not one and two. Because this is a simple geometric logo, without any particular nuances of artwork that make these rings an unmistakable allusion to the Ballantine's logo, the inversion of the three rings design does not infringe on the Ballantine's Ale insignia. T{o'}fa Asgeirsd{o'}ttir. Device change. Per fess argent ermined gules and argent ermined azure, on a fess cotised sable a threaded needle palewise between two spiders argent. Conflict with Bedwyr Danwyn, Argent, on a fess cotised sable, three plates. There is a CD for changes to the field. There is no difference for change in type only of tertiary in these arms, as armory using more than one type of tertiary charge is not simple for purposes of X.4.j.ii. The College should please keep in mind, while performing stylistic analysis and conflict checking, that ermine spots which are part of an ermine(d) tincture are not strewn charges. They are just part of the tincture, like the lozenges in lozengy or the delfs (squares) in checky are part of a tincture. OUTLANDS Aethelind of Erbesweald. Name. This submission is being returned for lack of documentation of Erbesweald. The LoI documents Earbesweald [sic] as "Old English translation--'Herbal Forest'. Not intended to be real location.". No documentation was provided and the College found none that 'Herbal Forest' is a reasonable placename in Old English. Regardless of whether or not the submitted Erbesweald is intended to be a real place, it is included in this name as a placename and so must be documentable as such. Without such evidence, this name is not registerable. Additionally, the submitter requested authenticity for 12th-14th C Anglo-Saxon. By the 12th to 14th C, the Saxon kingdoms had long since been replaced by the kingdom of England, so such a combination is not possible. Her armory has been registered under the holding name {AE}thelind of Hawk's Hollow which uses the form of the given name supported by the documentation. Venerable Bede, College of. Branch name and device. Azure, an open book within a laurel wreath on a chief Or a lion dormant sable. No documentation was presented and none could be found that Venerable was included in English place names. As Bede was not officially a saint, the question is whether a place named for him would include Venerable, Saint, or no title at all. At least one church was dedicated to him in period since Farmer, The Oxford Dictionary of Saints (p. 506 s.n. Wulfstan) says of Saint Wulfstan (c. 1008-95), "He was specially devoted to the English saints, notably Bede, to whom he dedicated a church". Unfortunately, Farmer does not say what the actual name of the church was. Speed, The Counties of Britain, (p. 75, "map of Durham") includes the phrase, "which as Beda sayth" in a description of the city of Durham. So Speed did not use a title when he referred to Bede in this context. From this information, we know that at least one location (a church) was named for Bede, but we don't know what form it took. The location Bedminster, listed in Ekwall (p. 34 s.n. Bedminster), dates the forms Beiminstre and Betministra to the Domesday Book and gives the meaning of this name as 'B{e-}da's minster or church'. ("{e-}" represents 'Latin small letter e with macron', a lowercase "e" with a horizontal bar above, here Da'uded because not all programs can display it correctly via "".) These are the earliest forms found for the name of this location Bedminster, so perhaps this is the location of the church Wulfstan founded, as the Domesday Book dates from during his lifetime. Ekwall (p. 34) lists a number of places that incorporate the name B{e-}da, including Bedburn 'B{e-}da's stream' and Bedfont 'B{e-}da's spring', among others. A placename combining an element derived from 'B{e-}da's' and an element refering to a geographical feature or structute (stream, church, spring, etc.) would be registerable. Since the submitted name does not use a naming pattern demonstrated to have been used in period English (specifically, the use of Venerable in a place name), this submission must be returned. As holding names cannot be formed for groups, the armory must be returned as well. TRIMARIS Annys of WykeBeck. Name. This name is being returned for lack of documentation of the form of the byname WykeBeck. The submitter requested authenticity for 16th C English and allowed no changes. No documentation was presented nor was any found, that the capital letter in the middle of the locative is a reasonable construction in period. The LoI cited WykeRegis from Ekwall, but that header is actually two words in the source. As such, it does not support the capitalization in the submitted WykeBeck. There was some question whether the elements combined in WykeBeck are a reasonable combination. Given the multiple forms of Wickford (meaning 'ford by a wych elm' or 'ford by a dairy farm') found by the College, the combination in WykeBeck would mean 'brook by a wych elm' or 'brook by a dairy farm' and seems reasonable. Regarding the submitter's request for authenticity, Bardsley dates the form Wyckham to 1572 (p. 810 s.n. Wickham), and Humphrey Byrkbecke to 1583 (p. 104 s.n. Birkbeck). Given these examples, Annys Wyckbecke would be an authentic form close to her submitted name. Her armory has been registered under the holding name Annys of Trimaris. Caitlin of Drogheda. Badge. Vert, a shamrock and a bordure argent. Conflict with a badge of Rowan Perigrynne, Vert, a cinquefoil within a bordure argent. The only difference is for the change in type of the primary charge, which is worth a CD. There is not substantial difference between a shamrock (a type of trefoil) and a cinquefoil, analogous to the following precedent: "[A trillium flower vs. a rose] There is a CD for type of flower, but not the substantial difference required by Rule X.2. (Gwyneth MacAulay, October, 1992, pg. 29)" Calum Nickeson. Device. Per pale gules and azure, a gauntlet argent sustaining two lightning bolts in saltire Or. These are not lightning bolts, as they lack the arrowheads at the end. They are neither bendlets bretessed nor embattled-counterembattled and are not defined charges in heraldry. This is a sufficient reason for return. This does not conflict with Kenric Manning, Lozengy azure and Or, a hand argent. The so-called "lightning bolts" are co-primary with the gauntlet as drawn here. There is one CD for the change to the field and another for adding the sustained charges. Chrom{a'}n Thein. Name. This name is being returned for using a form of Thain as a byname, which has previously been prohibited: [Lucius Thayne] A thane (or thegn) was a free retainer in pre-Conquest England, and in Scotland up to the 15th Century; the term denotes a member of territorial nobility corresponding to the Norman baron or knight. The title was one step below the eorl, and might be either earned or inherited. In the SCA, the term is used as the Old English equivalent of "baron", and is therefore reserved. Old English usage puts the title after the name: {AE}lfred cyning, Leofric eorl, Lyfing arcebisceop. The submitted name is thus exactly in the form that would have been used by a period thane. That fact, along with the Society use of the title, and its hereditary nature in period, outweighs the documented use of Thane, Thaine as a surname later in period. It must therefore be returned as presumptuous. (OED, under the entries for earl, king and thane; '93 E.Brit., vol.11, p.672; Reaney DBS II, pp.112, 345). (Lucius Thayne, July, 1993, pg. 15) Chrom{a'}n was submitted as a variant spelling of the Gaelic Crom{a'}n. The "h" in the given name would not have appeared in the nominative in Gaelic. As a name used in a given name position is in the nominative, the spelling Chrom{a'}n is not registerable in this position. His armory has been registered under the holding name Crom{a'}n of Brineside Moor Chrysantha d'Argento. Device. Azure, a mullet of six greater and six lesser points argent between three bezants and a bordure argent. This mullet is too far from period practice to be acceptable. A compass star is a variant mullet of eight points, and a mullet of eight points is a standard period charge. This would by analogy be a variant of a mullet of twelve points, which is not a standard period charge. This is analogous to the following precedent: The compass star is not just "of sixteen points", but of "four greater, four lesser, and eight even lesser points". Basically, it is a variant of a non-period charge, the compass star. Variants of non-period charges have been disallowed before, as being not one but two steps from period practice. "The submitter's argument that a Maltese star cross is but one step from a recognized period charge, a Maltese cross, is interesting but not particularly compelling. The fact remains that six armed crosses are not a period charge." (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR December 1993, p.10) Neither are compass stars of sixteen points. If the compass star was redrawn as a sun or a standard mullet, that would take care of the problem. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR January 1999, p. 14) Dubhgall mac R{e'}amoinn. Device. Argent, a dragon's head and a donkey's head couped addorsed azure and a base embattled sable, masoned argent. If drawn correctly, a charge group consisting of a dragon's head and a donkey's head would be acceptable in the SCA without comment. However, as drawn here, at first they appear to be the same type of charge, and it then takes some time to distinguish what types of charge these might be. There are some internal details that are visible on the black and white mini emblazon which might help somewhat with the identifiability, but they are entirely lost in the colored emblazon. This is not identifiable as drawn and must be returned. Elena Neuham. Name change from Elena des Nachts. As no forms were received for this submission, it must be returned. Fiodnach Eoghan, Shire of. Branch name and device. Argent, a raven rising wings elevated and addorsed sable within a laurel wreath vert all within a bordure gules. Listed on the LoI as Fiodnach Eoghan, Shire of, the petition that accompanied this submission listed the name as Fiach Ogan. The word fiach means 'raven'. It is completely different from Fiodh, which means 'wood'. Additionally, Ogan is a completely different name from Eoghan. Both of these changes are major changes, which are not permitted according to the submission form. The submitters requested authenticity for Irish Gaelic. Fiach Ogan, listed on the petition, does not follow documented examples of place names in Irish Gaelic. As the name listed on the petition is not registerable and it would take more than minor changes to make this name registerable, it must be returned. The device conflicts with Stephen Grimfalcon de Norfolk for Household Grimfalcon, Argent, a falcon striking sable within a bordure gules. There is a CD for adding the laurel wreath, but no difference for the posture of the bird. It must also be returned for stylistic reasons. Laurel wreaths must, by long standing precedent, be drawn in a circular, or mostly circular, shape. "V shaped" laurel wreathes are not acceptable. The device must also be returned for administrative reasons. The petition does not include a blazon or emblazon of the arms being supported. As with real-world petitions, the signatures should be on the same piece of paper as a clear description of the item being supported by the petition. That description, in an SCA armorial petition, would ideally be a statement that "We, the members of (Branch) support this device for our branch device", accompanied with a colored emblazon and a blazon. Such a petition makes it clear that all the signatories, including the blazon-illiterate signatories, understand the design being so submitted. A line drawing of the emblazon combined with the blazon (and some text describing the colors for the blazon-illiterate) is just as good as a colored emblazon. A blazon on the petition without an emblazon will suffice, as long as the blazon is an accurate representation of the emblazon. If that is not the case, then the petition will not be acceptable. Gaston de Champvieux. Badge. (Fieldless) A sinister hand in benediction argent. Conflict with Kenric Manning, Lozengy azure and Or, a hand argent. There is one CD for fieldlessness. Per previous precedent, "The clenching is an artistic detail which does not contribute difference (William MacGregor, 5/98 p. 22)". Jesmond Ravenlea. Device. Per chevron Or and azure, a mountain Or. Conflict with Morna {o'} Monadh, Purpure a mount of three hillocks Or. There is one CD for the field. Morna's mount is drawn as a mountain of three peaks, and so there is no other difference. Madallaine Isabeau de Cat. Device appeal. Sable, on a chevron gules fimbriated between three lion's heads cabossed a fleur-de-lys argent. This item was submitted under the name Maddallaine Isabeau de Cat. However, this submitter's registered name is Madallaine Isabeau de Cat. This is a an appeal of a device returned in May 2001. The grounds for the appeal were that the previous submission was returned for conflict, but that there was a letter of permission associated with the armory which would clear the conflict. The Laurel files did not show that the letter of intent was received, and it is not clear at what point the letter of permission may have been lost. Regardless of when the letter may have been lost, it has now been provided. Unfortunately, the letter of permission provided is not valid. According to the Administrative Handbook, section IV.C.3, "a written statement of permission must be included, signed by the owner of the conflicting item with both Society Name and name used outside the Society". The letter provided was not signed. Note that a signature is not a computer generated line of typescript giving the name of the submitter, it is a handwritten signature or a copy thereof. Perhaps in the future we might wish to consider email headers, or electronic signatures, as valid signatures. However, it is worth noting that neither of these were present in this letter of permission either. There were other procedural problems with the submission. According to the Administrative Handbook section IV.C.1: "Appropriate forms must be included for all submissions, including appeals, resubmissions, name and blazon changes, etc". No forms were sent. There was no mini-emblazon on the letter of intent. The Administrative Handbook section V.B.2.e states: "An accurate representation of each piece of submitted armory shall be included on the letter of intent. Such emblazons must be clearly labeled and large enough that all elements of the design may be clearly distinguished". Sea March, Shire of. Badge. Gules, a natural seahorse Or. Conflict with a badge of the Kingdom of Atlantia, (Fieldless) A unicornate natural seahorse Or. There is one CD for the fieldlessness, but nothing for removing the horn from the Atlantian seahorse. Toghan Temur. Device. Sable, a spiderweb argent overall a rose bendwise sinister gules barbed slipped and leaved vert. The overall charge does not have the necessary good contrast with the underlying field, and therefore this must be returned for reasons of contrast. This also conflicts with the badge of the Order of Arachne's Web, registered to the Kingdom of the West, Sable, a spiderweb argent. There is one CD for adding the overall rose. WEST None. THE FOLLOWING HAVE BEEN PENDED UNTIL THE MAY LAUREL MEETING CAID Konrad von Falkenberg. Device. Gules, a wolf's head erased argent and on a chief Or three fleurs-de-lys sable. The chief in the provided form is clearly Or, and it was blazoned in the Letter of Intent as argent. TRIMARIS Chlothar Bructerus. Device. Per saltire sable and gules, a saltire gringol{e'} voided humetty Or and a bordure argent. The tincture of the saltire was omitted in the Letter of Intent.