AN TIR Guido Dono da Bologna. Device. Per fess sable and vert, between the wingtips of a vol a roundel argent. Kateryn Lishman. Name and device. Gules, on a bend invected argent between two roses Or three fleurs-de-lys palewise azure. Reginleif in Rau{dh}h{a'}ra. Device. Erminois, on a bend sinister between two natural panthers passant sable three quatrefoils pierced Or. Reginleif in Rauh{u'}ra. Badge. (Fieldless) On a natural panther's head erased Or a quatrefoil pierced sable. Rycharde de Northewode. Badge. Or, in chief a boar statant sable crined gules. The crining of the boar refers to the ridge of bristles along its back. Saer Bane. Name and device. Per bend argent and azure, a pale endorsed sable. The submitter requested authenticity for 12th C Irish Norman. As we have no evidence that the name Saer was used among Anglo-Normans or their descendants in Ireland, we were unable to make this name authentic. ANSTEORRA Aaron MacGregor. Device. Per bend bendy argent and gules and sable, a sinister hand argent. He has a letter of permission to conflict from Kenric Manning, Lozengy azure and Or, a hand argent. Brictiva of Ixworth. Name. Eleanor Fairchild. Name (see RETURNS for device). Good name! Gunnora Hallakarva. Device. Per fess gules and azure, a catamount passant and a kestrel maintaining a garb Or. Her previous device was returned because the garb was drawn too large to be a maintained charge, causing it to be co-primary with the catamount and the kestrel. It was thus returned for overcomplexity (using a charge group with three types of charge). She has followed Laurel's advice and drawn the garb small enough to be a maintained charge. James of Gate's Edge. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per saltire argent and vert, in pale two dragons rampant and in fess two roundels counterchanged. Submitted with the name James Hamilton. Joanna of the Plains. Device. Sable, four horseshoes openings to dexter two and two Or. Kateline de Lys. Name and device. Azure, a cat salient between two fleurs-de-lys in bend sinister Or. Kouac Myclos. Name change from Kowacz Myklos. This was an appeal of a change made when the name was registered. The name change provides a form of the byname Kouac that is closer to the originally requested form and that makes the two elements more temporally consistant. The name Kowacz Myklos is released. Nicolette de Loria. Badge. (Fieldless) A dragonfly sable winged vert. Rachel Kirk. Name and device. Per bend gules and argent, two fleurs-de-lys counterchanged. Rumil Fletcher. Name change from Rumo Fletcher. Rumil is a constructed Russian given name. "Rum(ianyi): 1)red, rosy; 2)beauty (example Rumianets)" is listed in the "Themes" section in the on-line version of Paul Wickenden of Thanet's A Dictionary of Period Russian Names. Regarding the construction of Rumil, Paul Wickenden stated, "Rumil might be better, using the Rum- theme [...] and just adding an -il ending." Mixing Russian and English is a weirdness. His previous name, Rumo Fletcher, is released. Uriangqadai {Cv}inoajin. Name change from {Cv}inoajin Uriangqadai. (The character before "inoajin" is a Latin capital letter C with caron, a capital C with a small v- or u-shaped mark above it.) This was an appeal of a change made when the name was registered. The submitter provided documentation that bynames indicating a person's tribe may appear before the given name in Mongolian names. Therefore, Mongolian names may be registered with either a tribal byname or given name as the first element. As Uriangqadai is a tribal byname, we are changing this name to the originally requested order. His previous name, {Cv}inoajin Uriangqadai, is released. ARTEMISIA Adelheid Achtsnicht. Device. Per chevron argent and vert, a chevron ploy{e'} sable between two vines and a feather bendwise sinister counterchanged. The vines were originally blazoned as grape vines, but they are not fructed with grapes and the leaves are not recognizable as grape leaves. Alan Youngforest. Device change. Or, a ducal coronet between five pine trees two, two, and one sable within a bordure dovetailed gules. This was submitted as an augmentation, but consultation with appropriate heralds in Artemisia determined that this was, in fact, a device change. The submitter's previous device, Or, five pine trees two, two, and one sable and a bordure dovetailed gules, is retained as a badge. The submitter is a duke, and entitled to bear a ducal coronet on his arms. Please advise the submitter to draw the ducal coronet in the correct fashion, with sets of strawberry leaves visible at the sides of the coronet as well as in the center. This observation was made by a number of commenters, including Brachet, who is himself a duke. Alasdair na F{e'}s{o'}icce. Name (see RETURNS for device). Submitted as Alasdair an Feusag Bhahlach, the submitter allowed any changes. The byname an Feusag Bhahlach was intended to mean 'of the curly beard'. The word for curly is baclach. Descriptive bynames are rare in Gaelic. Compound descriptive bynames are vanishingly rare. Therefore, lacking evidence that a compound byname meaning 'of the curly beard' existed in period, we have dropped the element meaning 'curly'. The byname na F{e'}s{o'}icce, meaning 'of the beard' is found in entry M1592.5 of The Annals of the Four Masters, volume 6 (http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/G100005F/). Alexander the Black. Name and device. Sable, a chevron embattled erminois and in base a hammer argent a bordure erminois. Please advise the submitter to draw the chevron embattled so that the ermine spots do not overlap the embattled line. Because the spots share the field's tincture, the overlap makes the embattled line difficult to identify. Antony of Bladon. Name. Submitted as Antony of Blaydon, the submitter requested authenticity for 12th-15th C English and allowed any changes. The LoI asked if anyone knew if the spelling Blaydon was period, noting that the submitter preferred that spelling. Speed, The Counties of Britain (p. 74, map of Durham, most maps drawn c. 1610) lists Blaydon on the south side of the river Tyne. Given that much of the work in this source is based on earlier maps drawn in 1593, it is reasonable that the spelling Blaydon would have been used for this location late in the 16th C. Anthony Blaydon would be a name appropriate for this time period. However, we have no evidence that the spelling Blaydon is authentic for the 12th to 15th C. Therefore, we have changed the byname to a spelling dated to 1340 in Ekwall (p. 48 s.n. Blaydon) to make the name authentic for the submitter's desired time and culture. Coil{i'}n de Kirkpatrick. Name and device. Per pale wavy gules and argent, an antelope rampant to sinister Or and a chess rook azure. The submitter requested authenticity for 15th to 16th C "Scot" and allowed any changes. Pillar contacted the submitter and was told that, "he is more interested in having submitted name, than in having an authentic name." Colin de Kirkpatrick would be the all-Scots form of this name. Since the submitter has stated that the submitted form is more important to him than his request for authenticity, we are registering the name in the submitted form. Mixing Gaelic and Scots is a weirdness. Please advise the submitter to draw the wavy line more pronouncedly. The complex line is necessary to avoid the appearance of impaled arms and so it should be prominent. Please also advise the submitter to draw the chess rook larger (both taller and wider) so that it is the same size as the antelope. Colin Campbell de Leith. Name. Submitted as Cailein Cambeul de Leith, the submitter requested authenticity for an unspecified language/culture (presumably Scottish) and allowed any changes. He noted that, if the name must be changed, the meaning "period, acceptable form of Colin Campbell" was most important. An authentic name would have been rendered all in Gaelic or all in Scots depending on the language of the record in question. Locative bynames were vanishingly rare in Gaelic. Therefore, an authentic form of this name in Gaelic would have dropped the locative and simply rendered the name as Cailin Cambeul (the submitted Cailein is the modern genitive form). The name Cailin Cambeul is in conflict with two different people named Colin Campbell who have their own encyclopedia entries. Therefore, we have changed the name to an all-Scots form to meet the submitter's request for authenticity and avoid the problem of conflict. Da'oud al'Dimashqi. Device. Per fess sable and vert, a fess between an increscent a decrescent and an oak leaf argent. Fionnghuala O Murrigane. Name. Submitted as Fionnualla Murrigan, the submitter requested authenticity for 14th C Irish and allowed minor changes. Pillar contacted the submitter for more information regarding her request for authenticity and says: However, several consultations indicate submitter wants name as submitted far more than she wants an authentic name. Submitter very much wants this combination of Irish Gaelic and Anglicized spellings. She does not particularly like Anglicized versions of submitted given name (Penelope, Fenella, or Finola), nor does she like Irish-Gaelic versions of submitted ancestral name. Fionnualla is a Modern Irish Gaelic (post-1700) form of the name Fionnghuala. Barring evidence that it was used in period, it is not registerable. Woulfe (p. 621 under {O'} Muireagain) lists Murrigan as a modern Anglicized form. All of the period Anglicized forms listed in this entry retain the "O". Therefore, we have changed this byname to O Murrigane, the closest period Anglicized form of the submitted Murrigan listed in this entry. The name has a weirdness for mixing Gaelic and Anglicized forms. Gwenllian de Castell Coch. Name (see PENDS for device). Jehane de Saint Michael. Name and device. Per pale gules and argent, a bordure indented sable. Good name! Lovely arms! Jehane de Saint Michael. Alternate name Valeriana Fabricatrix. Joel the Wanderer. Name and device. Azure, a bend sinister bretessed between a horse's head couped contourny within and conjoined to an annulet and a horse's head couped within and conjoined to an annulet argent. The byname the Wanderer is SCA compatible. This name has one weirdness for use of an SCA-compatible name phrase. Since the entire name is English, there is no additional weirdness for lingual mix and this name is registerable. Lowrens Leyland. Name. The submitter requested authenticity for 13th-14th C Scottish. As we were unable to find any evidence of Leyland in Scotland, we were unable to make this name authentic. Savia Malatesta. Name. The submitter requested authenticity for 15th C Italian and allowed no changes. The byname Malatesta is documented to the 12th C in De Felice, Dizionario dei cognomi Italiani, and to the 13th C in "4300 Pisani giurano di mantenere l'alleanza fatta con Siena, Pistoia e Poggibonsi" (http://library.byu.edu/~rdh/eurodocs/italia/pisani.html, name 19 in group 62). The form Malatesti is dated to 1427 in Ferrante LaVolpe, "Italian Renaissance Men's Names" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/ferrante/catasto). As the submitter did not allow changes, we were unable to change the byname to the documented 15th C form to meet her request for authenticity. Sine Fergusson of Kintyre. Device. Sable, a fess enarched Or and in base a bezant. {U'}lfr {u'}lfaldi {O'}ttarsson. Name. Submitted as {U'}lfr {U'}lfaldi {O'}ttarsson, we have changed the descriptive byname to lowercase to match conventional Old Norse spelling. Good name! Valeria Venatrix. Name. Velma the Harper. Name (see RETURNS for device). Velma is her legal given name. William Drake of Kilmarnock. Name. ATENVELDT Andrew of Greyhorse. Name and device. Quarterly sable and argent, in pale a chain fesswise ending in open shackles and a tankard counterchanged. Cera ingen u{i'} Berichtir. Name. Submitted as Ceara inghean u{i'} Bheirichtir, the submitter requested authenticity for 10th to 12th C Irish and allowed any changes. Therefore, we have modified this name to use Middle Irish (pre-1200) forms. Charles the Bear. Reblazon of device. Argent, two brown bear's heads erased, addorsed, and conjoined proper. These arms have been reblazoned to clarify the tincture of the bear. The Glossary of Terms does not give a default tincture for a bear, and the majority of brown bears proper in the SCA are blazoned as such. As a result, we have altered the blazon to be specific. The previous blazon was Argent, two bear's heads erased, addorsed, and conjoined proper. Desideratus of York. Name and device. Argent, a cross purpure between in chief two eagles displayed and in base two clay pipes palewise sable. Please advise the submitter to use more care drawing the pipes, as they are unfamiliar charges in an unfamiliar orientation. Include the taper to the mouthpiece of the pipe and, perhaps, some internal details. Dirk van Muiden. Badge. Or, a spear and a longbow interlaced in cross and a bordure azure. Elzbieta Rurikovskaia. Device. Argent, a cross formy and on a chief azure three crosses formy argent. Please instruct the submitter to draw the chief wider, so that it is between one-third and one-fifth the height of the shield. Heinrich von Swartzenberg. Name and device. Per pale azure and argent, a lion couchant guardant contourny Or maintaining a sword gules within an orle of Maltese crosses counterchanged. Please advise the submitter to draw larger and slightly fewer crosses to enhance their identifiability. Jennen the Cooper. Name and device. Vert, a chevron rompu and on a chief argent two turtles fesswise vert. There was some question regarding the registerability of the name Jennen. Reaney & Wilson (p. 196 s.n. Jennings) date Janyn le Breton to 1332, Jenyn de Fraunce to 1379, and Walter Jannen in 1327. Given these spellings, the form Jennen is reasonable as a given name. Rurik Levushka Ul'ianov. Name (see RETURNS for device). Submitted as Rurik Levushka Ul'yanov, the name mixed transliterations systems, which has been cause for return in the past: The submitted form mixes two different transliteration systems, which has the effect of changing the pronunciation of the names. The name in its entirety should adopt a single system of transliteration; either Katya Stesnaya (as already registered), Katia Stesnaia, or Katja Stesnaja. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR September 1994, p. 21 [returned]) We have changed the name to use one transliteration system in order to register the name. There is one weirdness for using two Slavic given names in Russian. Saint Felix, College of. Device change. Per pale gules and azure, a closed scroll bendwise argent ribboned sable within a laurel wreath Or. Their previous device, Per pale argent and sable, two closed books palewise counterchanged, on a chief triangular Or a laurel wreath vert, is released. Saint Felix, College of. Badge change. Per pale gules and azure, a closed scroll bendwise argent ribboned sable. Their badge (Fieldless) A closed book bendwise sinister sable, clasped and pendant from a chain Or is released. Sarra del Oke. Name and device. Vert, in fess three oak leaves Or and in base a rose argent barbed and seeded Or. Good name! Selim ibn Murad. Name (see RETURNS for device). Submitted as Selim Murad, Murad was documented both as the name of a river and as a masculine given name. As neither unmarked patronymic bynames nor unmarked locative bynames have been documented in Turkish, this name is not registerable in the submitted form. We have added the particle ibn to make this a marked patronymic. The submitter requested an authentic 14th C Ottoman Turk janissary's name. As both Selim and Murad were the names of Ottoman Turkish sultans (though none of the sultans named Selim had a father named Murad), the name may be authentic for his desired time and culture. However, given the small amount of knowledge available regarding the names of janissaries, we do not know if this name is authentic for a janissary. Willahelm Franz Kesselheim. Name. Kesselheim is a location in the Koblenz area that dates to at least 966 when it was mentioned in a charter. ATLANTIA Allasan bh{a'}n inghean Fhaol{a'}in. Device. Vert, a domestic cat sejant Or between three roses argent all within an orle Or. Amalia K{u:}nne. Name change from Amalie K{u:}nz. There is one weirdness for mixing the French Amalia with the German K{u:}nne. Her previous name, Amalie K{u:}nz, is released. Amber Roriksdatter. Name change from Amber Roriksdochtor. Submitted as Amber Roriksdott{i'}r, Amber is grandfathered to the submitter. Roriksdott{i'}r combined the Danish Rorik with the Old Norse -d{o'}ttir (with the accent misplaced). Such a mix is a violation of RfS III.1.a which requires lingual consistency in a name prase. Therefore, the byname is registerable as the completely Danish Roriksdatter or the completely Old Norse Hrœreksd{o'}ttir. From examples of bynames listed in E. H. Lind, Norsk-isl{a:}ndska dopnamn ock fingerade namn fr{ao}n medeltiden (columns 594-595 s.n. Hr{o'}rek) the form Roreksstadir would be registerable as medieval Norse. As the submitter allowed minor changes, we have registered this name in the Danish form Roriksdatter since it is the closest form to the submitted Roriksdott{i'}r. Her previous name, Amber Roriksdochtor, is released. Andronikos Psellos. Device. Per pale gules and azure, a triangle inverted voided Or. Aramon de Cantigny. Device. Argent, on a pale azure between two lions rampant sable three hunting horns argent. Atlantia, Kingdom of. Order name Order of the Conch. The documentation submitted for this order name was the previous registration of Conch Herald (registered July 1982). However, while we have evidence of heraldic titles being taken from order names, no evidence was presented of order names being derived from heraldic titles. Since the Order of the Shell is dated to 1290 in Kwelland-Njal Kollskeggsson's article "Period Order Names" in the 2001 KWHS proceedings, this order name is registerable. Atlantia, Kingdom of. Order name Order of the Ibis. The documentation submitted for this order name was the previous registration of Ibis Herald (registered August 1984). However, while we have evidence of heraldic titles being taken from order names, no evidence was presented of order names being derived from heraldic titles. Since Kwelland-Njal Kollskeggsson's article "Period Order Names" in the 2001 KWHS proceedings, lists order names using swan, dove, and eagle, this order name is registerable. Atlantia, Kingdom of. Order name Order of the Manatee. The manatee is a New World animal that was in an area of the New World known by Western Europeans in period (Florida). New World flora and fauna have been ruled a weirdness when used as a heraldic charge: [An aardvark] For purposes of registration, coastal sub-Saharan flora and fauna are considered the same as New World flora and fauna: they are a discouraged weirdness, but registerable. [Jamie Snawberd of Ross, 08/99, A-Caid] As we have evidence of order names based on heraldic charges, and a manatee is a registerable charge, this order name is registerable. It is reasonable to have order names based on charges parallel the registerability of those charges. Therefore, this order name has only a weirdness for using a New World animal. Atlantia, Kingdom of. Order name Order of the Narwhal. The documentation submitted for this order name was the previous registration of Narwhal Herald (registered July 2000). However, while we have evidence of heraldic titles being taken from order names, no evidence was presented of order names being derived from heraldic titles. As a narwhal is an animal that could have been used as a heraldic charge, and we have evidence of order names based on heraldic charges, this order name is registerable. Atlantia, Kingdom of. Order name Order of the Opal. No evidence was presented and none was found of period order names based on gemstones. As Atlantia has registered the Order of the Pearl, this construction is grandfathered to them. Breacnait of Inverness. Name and device. Or, a fess purpure between three thistles proper and a sea-serpent ondoyant vert. Submitted as Breccnat of Inverness, Breccnat is a Middle Irish (pre-1200) form of a saint's name. The Early Modern Irish form of this name is Breacnait. Black (s.n. Inverness) dates the spelling Invernys to 1361. Johnston (p. 211 s.n. Inverness) dates Invernis to a. 1300, Invirnisse to c. 1310, and Innernis to 1509. Speed, The Counties of Britain (p. 266, map of Scotland, map drawn 1610) lists Invernes. Of these, only the spelling dated to 1610 has an "e" in the -ness element. Therefore, the submitter's desired spelling Inverness is only supported for c. 1610. The name, as submitted, had two weirdnesses: one for lingual mix and one for temporal disparity (since the given name is dated no later than 1200 and the desired spelling of the byname is appropriate to c. 1610). As the LoI stated that the submitter preferred the spelling Inverness, we have changed the given name to the post-1200 form to remove the temporal disparity in order to register this name. Briana Maklucas. Name and device. Argent semy of cinquefoils azure, a dog couchant sable and a chief embattled azure. Briana is the name of a human character in period literature, specifically the Espejo de Principes y Cavalleros (published in 1562). The first portion (which includes the reference to Briana) of this work was translated into English in 1578. Therefore, Briana is registerable as an English feminine given name. For more information regarding changes to the registerability of the name Briana, please see the cover letter for this LoAR. Please advise the submitter to either use a lighter shade of blue or to have less overlap between the black dog and blue cinquefoils. With this very dark and blackish shade of blue, and the high degree of overlap, it is hard to see the dog clearly. One can use a clearer shade of blue, such as cobalt, and still have a strong heraldic blue which does not approach a nonheraldic pastel shade. Caitil{i'}n Fhionn inghean Fhionn. Name (see RETURNS for device). Submitted as Caitil{i'}n Fhionn inghean Fhinn, the byname inghean Fhinn combined the Early Modern Gaelic (post-1200) inghean with the Middle Gaelic (pre-1200) Fhinn. This combination violates RfS III.1.a, which requires lingual consistency in a single name phrase. We have changed the byname to a completely Early Modern Gaelic form to resolve this problem. Good name! Callistus Gill. Name. Callistus was the name of a patriarch of Constantinople (d. 1363), part of the name of Nicephorus Callistus Xanthopoulos (a Byzantine historian, d. 1335), and the name of a pope in 1457. It is also a Latinized form of the French given name Calixte. Juliana de Luna's article "Portuguese Names 1350-1450" lists Gill as a patronymic byname. This name mixes Latinized French and Portuguese, which is a weirdness. Cassandra the Forlorn. Device change. Per fess engrailed argent and sable, three crescents gules and a natural dolphin naiant argent. Her previous device, Per fess engrailed argent and sable, two crescents gules and a natural dolphin naiant argent, is released. Catalina dell'Acqua. Name and device. Vert, three rapiers inverted in pile on a chief wavy argent three gouttes de larmes. Catriona inghean Ghiricc. Device. Per chevron vert and Or, two crosses of Jerusalem Or and a thistle sable. Ciar O Byrne. Device. Argent, on a chevron gules between two reremice and a raven close sable three scourges in chevron handles to sinister argent. Cinthia of Newbury. Name and device. Per chevron purpure and Or, two fish haurient respectant and a sea-cat erect counterchanged. Cinthia is her legal given name. Colum Maxwell. Name and device. Azure, on a pale between six skeans argent a drawn bow and arrow reversed sable. This name mixes the Gaelic Colum with the English or Scots Maxwell, which is registerable though it counts as a weirdness. Derdriu of Kilmaron. Name and device. Argent, a panther rampant guardant sable spotted of diverse tinctures incensed gules and on a chief purpure three moths argent. Dionello Cristoforo dei Medici. Name. Submitted as Dionello Cristoforo de' Medici, de' is an abbreviation for dei. As we do not register scribal abbreviations, we have spelled it out. Drogo Rainulf de Dragonera. Device. Per chevron argent and sable, in chief three mullets of seven points sable. Edeva de Vere. Name and device. Sable, two winged unicorns combattant and on a chief argent three estoiles sable. Edmund atte Yeo. Device. Argent, an octopus vert and on a chief wavy sable three estoiles argent. Elizabeth Cammeron of Skye. Name. Submitted as Elizabeth Cameron of Skye, the submitter requested authenticity for 16th C Scottish and allowed any changes. Black (p. 518 s.n. MacInstrie) dates Elizabeth McKynnestrie to 1565. Black (pp. 128-129 s.n. Cameron) dates the spelling Cammeron to 1532. Johnston (p. 296 s.n. Skye) dates Skey to 1292. Speed's The Counties of Britain (p. 266, map of Scotland, map drawn 1610) gives the spelling as Skye. As we could find no spelling of Skye in the 16th C, we do not know whether this form is authentic for the submitter's desired time period. Ella de Lille. Device change. Per chevron sable and argent, two lilies argent and a bat-winged frog sejant erect affronty vert, winged sable. These lilies are not truly slipped as in the original blazon. Slipped implies a sizeable slip. The "slips" depicted here are small green stem stubs at the bottom of the lily. Such stubs are an artistic detail which is too insignificant to be included in the blazon. This is clear of conflict with Ram Nordlilja, Per chevron sable and argent, two lilies slipped and leaved respectant and a ram's head cabossed counterchanged. There is one CD for the posture of the group. The lilies in Ram's device have their bells fesswise, as one might expect from the term respectant in the blazon. The lilies in Ella's device are in the default palewise posture. There is a second CD for changing the type of the charge in base. Her previous device, Argent, a mask of comedy and a mask of tragedy in fess, on a bordure sable semy of lilies argent [sic], is released. Eryngerd le Trewe. Name. The submitter requested authenticity for 14th C "British" and allowed any changes. The name was submitted as Eryngerd the True and changed at kingdom to Eryngerd le Trewe to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. Reaney & Wilson (p. 455 s.n. True) date Henry le Trewe to 1327. The question came up whether the particle le is appropriate in a woman's byname. Dr. D. A. Postles, "Lincolnshire Lay Subsidy Rolls" (http://www.le.ac.uk/elh/pot/lincscon.html), lists many women's bynames that include the particle la and some that include the particle le. These subsidy rolls date to 1332. Identified examples from the parish of Kesteven (village and line number are in parenthesis) include: Isabel le [sic] vescy (Welbourn, 1), Agnes le [sic] Palm[er] (Tallington, 2), Matilda le [sic] Schapman (Spanby, 1), Isabel le [sic] prouost' (Horbling, 13), Alice le [sic] Baker (Horbling, 16), Agnes le Hyrde (Horbling, 31), Alice le [sic] straunge (Colsterworth, 3), Matilda le [sic] Deye (Woolsthorpe [2nd], 13), Marg' le [sic] Bailyf' (Culverthorpe, 5), Quenilda le [sic] hyrde (Kirkby la Thorpe cum Laylthorp', 20), and Agnes le [sic] Wryth' (Wellingore, 8). Examples in the parish of Lindsey, village of Caenby, include: Alice le [sic] Couhird (line 3) and Avota le [sic] Couhird (line 12). These examples are certainly enough to support le Trewe as a feminine byname appropriate for 1332. Ethelfleda Davi{dh}sdottir. Name change from F{i'}ona inghean Dh{a'}ibhid and badge. (Fieldless) A snake glissant azure. Listed on the LoI as Ethelfleda Davidsdohter, the name was originally submitted as Ethelfleda Davidsdottir. David was documented as English and -dottir as Old Norse, so it was changed at kingdom to be lingually consistent. Metron Ariston found that Geirr Bassi (p. 9) lists D{a'}v{i'}{dh} as a Norse name. Therefore, D{a'}v{i'}{dh}sd{o'}ttir is a reasonable patronymic in Old Norse. As Old Norse names may use or not use accents, we have left them off. Mixing Old English and Old Norse is a weirdness. Her previous name, F{i'}ona inghean Dh{a'}ibhid, is released. Gabriella del Falco. Device. Gules, on a cross Or five ladybugs gules marked sable. Gerald of Tir-y-Don. Name and device. Per pale vert and gules, a stag's head cabossed Or and on a chief argent three crosses crosslet gules. Gregor Bakhar. Device. Azure, a vol argent overall a compass star elongated to base Or within a bordure argent. Gregorio del Falco. Device. Pean, a boar's head couped contourny Or. Gwenllian verch Gruffydd. Name and device. Per fess argent and barry wavy gules and argent, a dragon couchant gules. The submitter requested authenticity for 13th C Welsh and allowed no changes. The submitted name uses standardized header forms for Gwenllian and Gruffydd from Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn's article "A Simple Guide to Constructing 13th Century Welsh Names" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/tangwystyl/welsh13.html). As the submitted name uses header forms, not forms that this article dates to the 13th C, it is not authentic for her desired time period and language. As she allowed no changes, we were unable to make this name authentic. Heather O Fellaghy. Name change from Alison McLeod de Ainsley. Submitted as Heather O'Falahy, Woulfe (p. 521 s.n. {O'} Faolchaidh) dates O Fellaghy to temp. Elizabeth I-James I as an Anglicized form. None of the period Anglicized forms listed under {O'} Faol- headers on pp. 521-522 of Woulfe are spelled O Fa-, implying that the submitted spelling would not have been used in period (in fact, Woulfe lists Falahy as a modern Anglicized form). Therefore, we have changed it to a period spelling. Heather is her legal given name. Her previous name, Alison McLeod de Ainsley, is released. Hrosvitha von Celle. Device. Per pale sable and gules, a fret and on a point pointed argent a pair of shears inverted sable. Iollann mac a Phearsoin. Device. Per chevron vert and azure, a chevron raguly on the upper edge argent between two dolphins haurient Or and a candle fesswise argent lit at both ends atop a candlestick Or. Isabella West of Pangeburne. Name and device. Argent, a brown bear statant proper between three roses sable slipped and leaved vert. Isolde de Ely. Device. Per pale vert and sable, three wolf's teeth issuant from dexter and three wolf's teeth issuant from sinister argent. James Beckett of Westmorland. Badge. Per pale sable and argent, two greyhounds dormant respectant between two bars all counterchanged. James of Atlantia. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Gules, two lions combattant argent and a ford proper. Nice arms! The device was submitted under the name James d'Ormonde. John de Lochabre. Name and device. Azure, a chevron and in chief three lozenges Or. Submitted as John Lochabre, the submitter requested authenticity for 14th C Scots and allowed any changes. Locative bynames listed in Black (p. 434-435 s.n. Lochore; p. 436 s.n. Lockford) use the particle de in examples from the 14th C. We have, therefore, added de in this name. The original blazon read, in latter part, ... and in chief three lozenges in fess Or. Three items in chief will also be in fess by default. We do find armory in the SCA with three items in chief, arranged one and two, but this arrangement should always be blazoned. Julia Windsor. Badge. Argent, an eagle's foot couped within a bordure sable. Katharine Devereaux. Name and device. Per saltire erminois and pean. Nice device! Katja Gaussdott{i'}r of Storvik. Name. Submitted as Katja Gaussdott{i'}r of Storvik, the accent was misplaced in the byname. Katja was submitted under the Legal Name Allowance. No photocopy of a driver's license, birth certificate, et cetera, was included with the submission to document the element Katja for the Legal Name Allowance. Documentation is required for all submitted name elements. In most cases, this documentation consists of references to reliable name sources such as Reaney & Wilson, et cetera. In the case of the Legal Name Allowance, the documentation takes the form of a photocopy of an acceptable form of identification. Since a copy of her driver's license was sent to the Laurel office, we are able to register her name. A question was raised regarding exempting submissions taken at large consultation tables from this requirement since they often do not have access to photocopying. Every effort should be made to get the photocopy. Some consultation tables routinely ask the submitter to send a photocopy to their kingdom submissions herald after the event. This resolves many of these problems. In cases where this is not possible, the following information should be recorded on the submission: the full legal name of the submitter, what type of document was presented, where the submission was taken (Pennsic/Gulf Wars/Estrella consultation table, et cetera), and the name of the herald(s) who viewed the form of identification. Submissions that are calling on the Legal Name Allowance and do not have a photocopy of identification included as part of the submission will be considered on a case by case basis. This seems to be a reasonable balance between applying the same standards to all submitters and allowing for "hardship" cases. Letia Thistelthueyt. Name and device. Per chevron throughout purpure and argent, two estoiles argent and a dragonfly vert. This device is clear of conflict with Katya Anna Sylvan, Per chevron throughout purpure and argent, two compass stars argent and a fox sejant gules. There is one CD for changing the type of the charge group, as estoiles are one CD from compass stars. There is a second CD for changing the tincture of the charge in base, as the basemost of a group of charges two and one is considered to be half the group: After much thought and discussion, it has been decided, for purposes of X.4.d, e and h of the Rules for Submission, that the bottommost of three charges, either on the field alone or around an ordinary, is defined as one-half of the group...multiple changes to the basemost of three charges under this definition will be granted a maximum of one CVD. (CL 9/6/90 p.2) In this emblazon, the charge in base is larger than the charges in chief. In period, a group of charges two and one often had the basemost charge drawn larger than the chiefmost charges, in order to best fill the space. While that tendency is unusually exaggerated in this submission, it does not require reblazon or reinterpretation. Lore Bubeck. Name. Luce Antony Venus. Name. Submitted as Lucia Antony de Venise, the submitter requested authenticity for 16th C England and allowed any changes. Lucia was documented from Withycombe to 1196-1428. The College found only the form Luce in the 16th C. As one example, this spelling is dated to 1538 on p. 1 of Irvine Gray and J. E. Gethyn-Jones, ed., The Registers of the Church of St. Mary's, Dymock, 1538-1790 (The Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society, 1960). By the 16th C, the form Anthony is more likely than Antony as a surname. However, since Bardsley (p. 55 s.n. Anthony) dates Agnes Antonison to temp. Elizabeth I, the form Antony is plausible for this time period as well. The surname de Venise was documented as an undated header spelling in Reaney & Wilson (p. 466 s.n. Venes). However, de Venise is not listed as a header; instead, Venise is a header form. The latest dated example in this entry is William de Venus dated to 1230. Bardsley (p. 780 s.n. Veness) dates John de Venuz to 1273 and Henry Venus to 1623. Since most 16th C surnames that originally derived from locative bynames do not retain the particle de in their 16th C forms, the 1623 example of Venus is much more likely as a 16th C form than the 13th C form de Venuz. We have made these spelling changes to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. A name having two surnames was rare in the 16th C. Melchior Overrath. Name. Good name! M{i'}che{a'}l Aindri{u'}. Name change from Giolla M{i'}ch{e'}l ua Gilla Aindriasa. Originally submitted as M{i'}che{a'}l u{a'} Aindri{'u}, the submitter requested that it be changed to be authentic for 10th-12th C Irish and allowed any changes. To comply with the request for authenticity, the name was registered in June 2001 with rather dramatic changes to conform to pre-Anglo-Norman influence naming practices. This appeal does not provide "compelling evidence that the submission was not properly considered" (Administrative Handbook), nor does it provide new information that the name as originally submitted is a likely name for his requested time and culture. No evidence was given in the original submission or in the appeal that either name part was used in the requested time and culture. But it does highlight the displeasure the submitter has with the name form that was registered. While I wish that the appeal had focused on the facts of the case, I feel there is a legitimate argument that the changes went far beyond what one would reasonably expect even having marked "major changes" and a request for authenticity. No documentation was presented and none was found that the byname u{a'} Aindri{u'} is a period Gaelic byname. Therefore, we have changed the byname to a documented form. While this name is a reasonable name for a man of Anglo-Norman descent in Ireland in the 16th C, it is not authentic for the submitter's originally requested time and culture of 10th-12th C Irish. The name Giolla M{i'}ch{e'}l ua Gilla Aindriasa is released. Mungo Maglinchie. Name and device. Argent, between the arms of a triskelion arrondi three orcas naiant in annulo sable. Submitted as Mungo MacGlinchy, Cornelian found evidence for the name Mungo in The Court Book of the Barony of Carnwath, 1523-1524, which includes: The quhilk day my l[ord] foloit mungo morpet & Jhon vyld & Jhon anderson on the tane part & mungo lows on the toder part for the tylin of his grund with violent blud... Cornelian notes this section as dating to 1525. This quote documents the name Mungo in the names mungo morpet and mungo lows. These examples are enough to support Mungo as a 16th C Scots masculine given name. The submitted MacGlinchy was documented from MacLysaght (p. 129) as an Anglicized form of Mag Loingsigh. However, MacLysaght does not give dates for his Anglicized forms. In many cases, the forms he lists are plausible period Anglicized forms. Unfortunately, this is not the case for this name. Woulfe (p. 423 s.n. Mag Loingsigh) dates Maglinchie and M'Glinche to temp. Elizabeth I-James I, and lists MacGlinchy as a modern Anglicized form. What we see in these Anglicized forms is the shift in which portion of the byname the "g" is associated with, from Mag + L- forms to M' + Gl- forms to Mac + Gl- forms. As none of the period Anglicized examples listed under any of Mag L- headers on pp. 422-423 in Woulfe include the "c", the shift to Mac + Gl- forms seems to be post period. Lacking evidence that this shift is period, the submitted byname is not registerable. Since the submitter allows any changes, we have substituted a period form listed in Woulfe in order to register this name. Please advise the submitter to draw the orcas more distinctly. As drawn, they could be almost any sort of fish. Odde ap Tam. Name and device. Counter-ermine, a harp between eight mullets in annulo Or. Odo le Thike. Name and device. Per pale argent and sable, on a chevron six towers counterchanged. Good name! Perronnelle la paintre. Name. Submitted as Perronnelle la Peinteuse, the submitter allowed any changes. The constructed Peinteuse is incorrect. It would correspond to a masculine form Peinteur, which does not exist as a male French byname. The modern French word is peintre (masculine). Therefore, we have changed the byname to a feminine form dated to 1292 found in the name Sainte, la paintre listed in Hercule Geraud, Paris sous Philippe-le-Bel: d'apr{e'}s des documents originaux et notamment d'apr{e'}s un manuscript contenant Le R{o^}le de la taille impos{e'}e sur les habitants de Paris en 1292 (Paris: Crapelet, 1837), p. 160, column 1. Rabi'ah bint Mustafa. Name. Robin of Secumbe. Device. Azure, a bend sinister bevilled between an eagle rising contourny wings elevated and addorsed and a sea dragon Or. Roch de Wythye. Name. R{o'}is Bheag inghean Chiar{a'}in. Name and device. Sable, a rapier and on a chief wavy argent a rose vert between two wagon wheels sable. Rose McDermott. Device. Argent, a dragon segreant on a chief azure three roses argent. Rose Morgan. Household name Household of Bardshaven. The only documentation provided with this submission was the statement, "The household name is compounded from common English elements in emulation of the many local and household names in 'haven' previously registered by the Society." This is not sufficient documentation for registration. The element Bards- in placenames is a reference to a personal name. Ekwall (p. 25) lists several locations beginning with this element. The entry for Bardley gives the meaning of this location as 'Beornr{e-}d's l{e-}ah'. ("{e-}" is "Latin small letter e with macron", e.) The element haven means 'harbor'. It was normally appended to an existing location name. For example, Speed, The Counties of Britain (p. 90, map of the Isle of Wight, most maps in this source drawn c. 1610) lists the location Yarmouth and lists Yarmouth Haven for the name of the harbor/bay nearby, Yarmouth cast (an abbreviation for castle) and Yarmouth Rode for locations near Yarmouth. Given the number of registrations of -haven as a deuterotheme in a place name, it seems reasonable to rule this usage as SCA compatible. Therefore, the submitted Bardshaven would be registerable as a location name and have the meaning 'Beornr{e-}d's harbor'. As we have traditionally allowed registration of House [placename] as a household name, this submission is registerable. S{i'}thmaith inghean mhic Aoidh. Name and device. Purpure, a horse rampant to sinister argent within a bordure argent semy of oak leaves vert. Submitted as S{i'}thmaith nic Aoidh, the byname combined the Scots particle nic with the Gaelic Aoidh. This combination violates RfS III.1.a, which requires lingual consistency within a single name phrase. The LoI noted that, "She specifically desires the very late 'nic' form to match her persona from late Elizabethan Ireland," though she did not have a request for authenticity. Unfortunately, we have no evidence that nic was used in the names of Irish women in Ireland, though there is plently of evidence for use of the particle in the Scots language in Scotland. Therefore, we have changed the byname to the all Gaelic form inghean mhic Aoidh in order to register this name. Since the LoI specifically noted that her persona is from late Elizabethan Ireland, the submitter will likely want to know that the name S{i'}thmaith has only been found as the name of an 8th C saint and is highly unlikely to have been used in 16th C Ireland. Stefan von Kiel. Device. Per chevron inverted vert and sable, in chief a griffin's head erased Or. Stierbach, Barony of. Badge. Gules, on a heart argent a bull's head cabossed gules. Stierbach, Barony of. Badge. Per pale wavy gules and argent, a glove and a bull's head within a bordure embattled counterchanged. Ysabel Aliz. Name and device. Argent semy of oak leaves vert. Ysoria filia Emery. Device. Per pale argent and sable, a pair of barnacles inverted counterchanged. Ysoria filia Emery. Badge. (Fieldless) A pair of barnacles inverted argent. CAID Adelicia of Caithness. Name. alt Andreas von Sohren. Badge. Per bend embattled argent and vert, two stags springing counterchanged. Anne FitzAlan of Castle Combe. Reblazon of device. Or, semy of lozenges azure, a brown bear rampant to sinister proper. These arms have been reblazoned to clarify the tincture of the bear. The Glossary of Terms does not give a default tincture for a bear, and the majority of brown bears proper in the SCA are blazoned as such. As a result, we have altered the blazon to be specific. The previous blazon was Or, semy of lozenges azure, a bear rampant to sinister proper. Caid, Kingdom of. Badge change for the Company of Clothiers of Caid. Azure, issuant from a maunche reversed, a hand maintaining a threaded needle argent. The Company has permission to conflict with Briana Etain MacKorkhill, Vert, ermined, a maunch reversed argent. This is clear of conflict with the Barony of Fettburg's Order d'{E'}l{e'}gance, Per fess argent ermined gules and gules, in base a maunch argent. There is one CD for changing the field and another for reversing the maunch. Depictions of maunches range from those which are almost bilaterally symmetrical to those which have an unambiguous orientation. The majority of the depictions of maunches have a clear orientation, and in this badge, the hand provides an extra cue to the maunch's orientation. Thus we can give a CD for reversing the maunch. Caid's previous badge for the Company of Clothiers of Caid, Azure, semy of thimbles argent, issuant from a maunch Or a hand proper grasping a needle threaded argent, is released. David of Caithness. Device. Azure, a pall inverted Or between three beavers sejant erect argent each maintaining an axe gules. Under current precedent, this is clear of conflict with Dan of Hamildoon, Azure, a shakefork inverted Or. There is one CD for adding secondary charges, and, by current precedent, another CD between a pall inverted and a shakefork inverted. Note that the precedent giving a CD between a pall inverted and a shakefork inverted is under discussion this month (see the cover letter). However, there is no need to pend this submission until the completion of a general policy discussion: it may be registered now under current SCA policy. Should the policy change as a result of the ongoing research and discussion, it will apply to those submissions received after the policy change. Eileen Dover of Calafia. Device. Vert, two badgers combattant argent marked sable, in chief a roundel and a point pointed checky sable and argent. Elisabeth Goodchilde. Device. Purpure, a unicorn passant and in chief three eagle's heads erased argent all armed Or. Geoffrey of Ormond. Name. Karol Johanna Gartenheit. Reblazon of badge. (Fieldless) A jonquil blossom bell to chief Or. This badge was originally blazoned (Fieldless) A jonquil blossom Or. The bell to chief needs to be blazoned explicitly. See the cover letter for discussion of the blazon of daffodils and solicitation of input regarding the default posture for a daffodil in the SCA. Klaus von Mainz. Device. Checky gules and Or, on a chevron sable five crosses formy argent. Lochlan Wick of Brindlemyre. Name change from Lachlann Wick of Brindle Myre. This appeal requested the registered name be changed to a form closer to that originally submitted. The 1999 submission was for the name Locklyn Wick of Brindlemyre and allowed minor changes to preserve the sound and meaning of the name. The submitter documented the desired spelling of Locklyn from spellings listed at websites dealing with genealogy, clan information, and baby names. None of these give support for this spelling as a period variant. Thus, the name Lachlann Wick of Brindle Myre was registered in April 1999. The given name is now being registered as Lochlan (dated to c. 1166 in Black, s.n. Lochlan), which is the submitter's third choice. The name Lachlann Wick of Brindle Myre is released. Soraya Evodia. Name change from Soraya Evodia of Odessa. Listed on the LoI as Soraya Evod{i'}a, the accent on the "i" was a misinterpretation of the submitter's handwriting. Lowercase "i" letters on her forms are marked with a stroke rather than a dot. V{o,}rsa-{I'}varr mannvitsbrekka. Device. Gules, on a pale between two wood chisels blades to chief argent a hammer sable. DRACHENWALD Alessandra of Insula Draconis. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Sable, a bird-winged pithon erect embowed-counterembowed Or gorged of an ancient coronet argent in chief two bells Or. The submitter's name was submitted as Alessandra Melusine di Mantegna. Some issues were raised concerning the combination of the name Melusine with a charge that bears some resemblance to descriptions of the fictional/mythological nonhuman creature Melusine of Lusignan. This creature appears to be part human, part serpent and (in some accounts) winged. However, since the name Melusine was the reason for the name return, and is not in the holding name, this is not currently a matter for concern. Should further research cause this submitter to once again submit using the name Melusine, this issue of possible name and charge combination presumption will need to be discussed. The submitter is a duchess, and thus entitled to use the coronet. Attemark, Shire of. Device. Per pale vert and Or, two chevronels and in chief two laurel wreaths counterchanged. Faruk ibn 'Abd al-Rahman. Name and device. Argent, a mace sable between flaunches vert. Submitted as Faruk Abd AllRahman, the submitter allowed any changes. The documentation cited supports 'Abd al-Rahman as an masculine given name. No evidence was presented and none was found for names constructed only of two given names or of unmarked patronymics in Arabic. We have added the patronymic particle ibn and modified the spelling of the byname to match the submitted documentation in order to register the name. Heinricus vom Eichenhain. Name and device. Argent, an oak tree between three acorns bendwise sinister proper within a bordure parted bordurewise indented argent and sable. This sort of bordure has been registered in the arms of Coile{a'}in Olafsson (registered February 1991), Gules, a sword inverted proper between a pair of lions' jambes couped Or within a bordure parted bordurewise indented sable and Or. To quote from the January 1990 LoAR (the return of Coile{a'}in's original device submission, which used an identical bordure), "The bordure is a period usage, as noted by several commentors who adduced a number of examples of bordures and other ordinaries parted in this manner." The blazon for this unusual bordure treatment has been changed to be consistent with Coile{a'}in's registration. To quote that acceptance: "The bordure was blazoned as 'indented-in-point' in the LoI. The above blazon, though not quite as elegant, is believed to be clearer." Please advise the submitter to draw the bordure so that the black is all on the inside and the argent is all on the outside. In Coile{a'}in's bordure, each corner of the bordure is tinctured entirely in the outside tincture. Heinricus vom Eichenhain. Badge. Argent, an acorn bendwise sinister proper within a bordure parted bordurewise indented argent and sable. This sort of bordure has been registered in the arms of Coile{a'}in Olafsson, Gules, a sword inverted proper between a pair of lions' jambes couped Or within a bordure parted bordurewise indented sable and Or. The blazon for this unusual bordure treatment has been changed to be consistent with Coile{a'}in's registration. Iodis Ebbesdottir. Name and device. Or, a bluebell sprig proper a bordure azure. Submitted as Jodis Ebbesdottir, the submitter requested authenticity for 700-1300 Sweden and allowed minor changes. The given name Jodis was documented as Old Norse, with the form Iodis documented for 12th C Norse. The byname was documented for 15th C Swedish. Since the given name was only documented for Norse, we do not know if it is authentic for Swedish. We have changed the given name to the 12th C form to remove the weirdness for temporal disparity. The name has a weirdness for mixing Swedish and Norse. This is clear of conflict with Dorathea Osborne, Or, a gillyflower gules slipped and leaved vert, a bordure azure. There is a CD for the type of flower. The gillyflower in Dorathea's device is over half the charge, so there is a CD for changing over half the tincture of the charge. Nea Nikopolis, Shire of. Branch name and device. Per fess wavy argent and azure, an hourglass counterchanged in chief two laurel wreaths vert. Oriane d'Avallon. Badge. (Fieldless) An oak leaf per pale azure and Or. Petronilla of London. Name and device. Vert, a goutte and a bordure Or. Prothelaus Louvetier. Name and device. Argent, a wolf's head erased contourny sable a bordure vert platy. Prothelaus is registerable according to the "Using Names from Literary Sources" requirements set down in the February 1999 cover letter. Louis-Fernand Flutre, Table des Noms Propres avec Toutes Leurs Variantes Figurant dans les Romans du Moyen Age {E'}crits en Fran{c,}ais ou en Proven{c,}al et Actuellement Publi{e'}s ou Analys{e'}s (Poitiers: Centre d'{E'}tudes Sup{e'}rieures de Civilisation M{e'}di{e'}vale, 1962), p. 160, documents Prothelaus as a variant spelling of Protesilaus, a human character known in medieval literature. The tale of Laodamia and Protesilaus, known in medieval literature (including "The Franklin's Tale" in Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales), derives from the Iliad. Sigfrid Hake. Device. Sable, a chevron ermine between three suns Or. Nice arms! Skafte Waghorne. Name and device. Quarterly Or and vert, two horns bells to sinister vert. The submitter requested authenticity for 14th-15th C. The given name is documented as 12th-14th C Norse. The byname is documented in Scots to 1357 and 1482. An authentic form of this name would have been written all in Norse or all in Scots depending upon the language of the record in question. As we do not know of a Scots form of the given name or a Norse form of the byname, we were not able to make this name authentic. Mixing Scots and Norse is registerable, though it counts as a weirdness. Rhys Terfan Greydragon. Badge. (Fieldless) A dragon passant argent charged on the shoulder with a cross moline purpure. EALDORMERE Constance the Curious. Name. The submitter requested authenticity for 14th C and specified no language/culture (presumably English). No evidence was found of any form of the Curious as a 14th C byname. As such, we were unable to make the name authentic. Evelyn atte Holye. Household name and badge for House Talbot and Cross. (Fieldless) On a Celtic cross argent a brown talbot's head erased proper. Submitted as Talbot Cross, the LoI stated that "The name form is the same as Kings Cross and Charing Cross (erected 1290)". Actually, it does not follow that pattern. Trans-Pontine explains: The evidence adduced does not support combining arbitrary objects with "Cross" to form place names-both King's Cross and Charing Cross are derived from royal actions. (Charing Cross was originally "Cher reine cross"-"dear queen cross", erected by an English king in memory of his deceased queen.) Talbot is not similar in meaning to either king or cher reine. However, Talbot and Cross is a reasonable sign name. Since the submitter allows any changes, we have changed the name to this form and the designator House in order to register this name. Evelyn atte Holye. Badge change. (Fieldless) A holly branch bendwise sinister inverted vert fructed gules enfiling a mullet voided Or. The design of a charge enfiling a voided mullet is a weirdness, but it is not in itself sufficient reason for return. It is a weirdness because of the cumulative effects of the unusual voided charge (the voided mullet), the unusual action of enfiling, and the fact that the overlap implicit in the act of enfiling reduces the identifiability of both charges involved. Charges which in their standard period depiction include a large central hole (such as laurel wreaths, annulets, and mascles) are not considered a weirdness when enfiled. Charges with small central holes (such as spur rowels and rustres), and voided charges where the usual form of the charge is not voided (mullets) will be considered a weirdness when enfiled. The question of which charge in the heraldic ring-toss is "enfiled" is one of the great heraldic cocktail party discussion topics. The SCA has a precedent on the topic which is being followed in this blazon: [An arrow argent enfiling a serpent involved] The definition of the term enfile has changed over the years. Boutell (English Heraldry, 1902) equates it with "pierce": a sword passing through a crown would enfile the crown. Brooke-Little (An Heraldic Alphabet 1975) equates it with "encircle": a sword passing through a crown would be enfiled by the crown. The confusion is sufficient reason to avoid the use of the term, but sometimes (as with this submission) it's hard to avoid. Friar (Dictionary of Heraldry, 1987, p.137) agrees with Boutell's definition; and that definition does follow more naturally from the etymology of the word (from French fil, "thread": beads are threaded on a string, crowns are enfiled on [by] a sword). That is the definition used here. The submitter's badge, (Fieldless) Three holly leaves conjoined in annulo fructed proper, is released. Welfengau, Canton of. Augmentation. Or, a triple towered tower sable within a laurel wreath and on a chief gules a griffin passant Or, for augmentation, the tower charged with a sun in its splendor Or. The sun is identifiable on the forms, although it was not easily identifiable on the mini-emblazon on the Letter of Intent. EAST Alexander Robison. Name and device. Azure, a fess wavy between a demi-roundel Or and a goutte argent. Briana de Luna. Name and device. Azure, a dragonfly Or and a chief wavy argent. Briana is the name of a human character in period literature, specifically the Espejo de Principes y Cavalleros (published in 1562). Therefore, it is registerable as a Spanish feminine given name. For more information regarding changes to the registerability of the name Briana, please see the cover letter for this LoAR. East, Kingdom. Heraldic title Diademe Herald. Submitted as Diadem Herald, only the form Diademe was found to be dated to period. Elazar ben Shmuel. Name and device. Or chap{e'} ploy{e'} purpure, a sea-lion erect to sinister vert. Submitted as El'azar ben Shemu'el, El'azar and Shemu'el were documented from Morlet (vol. 2, pp. 45 & 102). However, these entries do not date the submitted elements as period forms. Julie Stampnitzky's "Database of Medieval Jewish Names" dates both Elazar and Shmuel to Germany in 1096 (http://www.yucs.org/~jules/names/masc/elazar.html, http://www.yucs.org/~jules/names/masc/shmuel.html). Lilias de Cheryngton. Name (see RETURNS for device). Millicent verch Rhys. Name. Rhonwen Glyn Conwy. Name and device. Vert, a bend wavy argent overall a bottlenose dolphin naiant contourny Or. Rhonwen was ruled SCA compatible in November of 1995. Please advise the submitter to draw the bend wavy slightly narrower so the dolphin has more overlap with the field. Saige verch Eynon. Name. Temair ingen {A'}eda. Name. Submitted as Temair ingen Aeda, the submitter requested authenticity for "early period Irish" and allowed minor changes. We have added the accent to the byname to follow documented early forms of the byname. Good name! William fitzBubba. Badge. Sable, a chess rook argent. He has permission to conflict with the badge of Salaamallah the Corpulent, Tierced in pall sable, gules and vert, a chess rook argent. This is clear of conflict with Anne of the White Tower, Sable, a tower argent. There is substantial difference between a tower and a properly drawn chess rook, so RfS X.2 applies. In the LoAR of October 1996, it was stated that there was "nothing for the difference between a tower and a chess-rook". This precedent is hereby overturned: a tower and a chess rook were considered different charges in period and have substantial visual difference. The period heraldic chess rook is drawn consistently in a form where the top is forked into two prominent curled points. This was a standard depiction for the period chess piece, as illustrated in Caxton's 1474 "Game and Playe of the Chesse". The period heraldic chess rook does not resemble any sort of fortification and cannot be mistaken for a tower. On examining the collated commentary for the October 1996 ruling, it appears that perhaps the commenters mistakenly believed that the particular chess rook in the possible conflict was drawn as a tower, rather than as a period chess rook. LOCHAC {A'}ed{a'}n {o'}c mac R{o'}n{a'}in h-{U'}i F{a'}el{a'}in. Name. The submitter requested authenticity for 11th C Irish and allowed any changes. As we were unable to find any evidence of the name {A'}ed{a'}n after the 9th C, we were unable to make this name authentic for the submitter's desired time period. It is an excellent 9th C name, though. Bess Buckland. Name and device. Quarterly gules and azure, a sun and on a chief wavy Or three oak leaves bendwise gules. Submitted as Bess of Buckland, the submitter requested authenticity for 16th C English and allowed minor changes. By the 16th C, surnames had become inherited. Hitching and Hitching, References to English Surnames in 1601 and 1602, (p. xxxii) dates Buckland to 1601 as a surname. We have dropped of to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. Emma de Lastone. Device. Azure, a fess argent fretty vert between three mullets pierced argent. Please compliment the submitter on designing idiomatic Anglo-Norman armory to match her name. F{i'}na ingen u{i'} Scolaighe. Name and device. Or, an arrow inverted bendwise sable flighted purpure entwined with a vine vert flowered all within an orle purpure. The vine has been reblazoned from a morning glory vine to a default flowered vine, as it does not have the morning glory's distinctive trumpet-shaped flowers. Hanbal al-Barbari. Name. Konrad Athalwolf. Device. Per pale gules and sable, a pithon erect argent and a label ermine. Magnus {th}egjandi. Name and device. Sable, a lion couchant and a bordure Or. Submitted as Magnus {Th}egjandi, the submitter requested an authentic 11th C male English or "Viking" name and allowed minor changes. Following the examples in Geirr Bassi, we have lowercased the initial letter of the byname. He has permission for his device to conflict with Natalya de Foix, Sable, a lion couchant, its head a sun in splendor, Or. Miles de Colwell. Name (see RETURNS for device). Olekh of Rowany. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Or, on a fess indented vert a natural salamander passant Or. The device was submitted under the name Olekh of Kiev. MERIDIES Axel of An Dun Theine. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Or, on a chevron azure between three fox's masks gules a double-arched bridge Or. The device was submitted under the name Falk vom Weserbogen. Christoff von Rotenburg. Device. Gules, six Latin crosses formy Or. Classic armory! This is clear of Airmid Godwin, Azure, crusily Celtic Or. There is one CD for changing the field and another CD for the difference between a Latin cross formy and a Celtic cross. The annulet portion of the Celtic cross is prominent enough to merit a CD on visual grounds and we are not aware of any period interchangeability of these charges. This is also clear of a badge of Huette Aliza von und zu {A:}hrens und Mechthildberg, Chequy purpure, crusilly Or and Or. Crusilly is, by default, of crosses crosslet, and Huette's badge is drawn accordingly. There is X.2 difference between Latin crosses formy and crosses crosslet. Cuhelyn Cam vap Morcant. Badge. (Fieldless) A triskelion of three horses' heads argent. Giovanna da Ferrara. Name (see RETURNS for device). Submitted as Giovanna di Ferrara, we have corrected the byname. Ferrara is a placename. Since da, not di, is used in locative bynames in Italian, the correct form of this byname is da Ferrara. Hans Medebruwer. Name and device. Ermine, on a fess bretessed vert a lion dormant argent. Good name! Isabelle de Sancerre. Device change. Per pale ermine and sable, a nesselblatt counterchanged. Her previous device, Azure, two heron heads erased respectant and a whelk, on a chief wavy Or a fleur-de-lys azure, is retained as a badge. Isabelle de Sancerre. Household name Haus Weissnessel and badge. (Fieldless) On a nesselblatt argent an ermine spot sable. Listed on the LoI as House Whitenettle, the forms list the submitted name as Haus Weissnessel. Isabetta Asini. Name and device. Argent, on a lozenge gules a pomegranate slipped and leaved argent seeded and in chief two lotus flowers in profile gules. Good name! Jacques de la Fontaine. Name and device. Ermine, a griffin's head erased vert and a base barry azure and argent. Per the Cover Letter for the LoAR of November 2001, this form of erasing (which resembles pinking shear indented) will not be acceptable without supporting documentation after May 2002. Please see that cover letter for guidance on how to draw a heraldic animal's head in a period style. Shilie Stuart. Name (see RETURNS for device). Submitted as Sheila Stuart, Sheila is a modern Anglicized form of S{i'}le, a Gaelic rendering of the name Cecilia. Barring evidence that the form Sheila was used in period, it is not registerable. Shilie ny Teige is among the five daughters of Teige O'Donovane listed in his will, dated to February 10, 1639, found on pp. 2460-2464 of John O'Donovan, Annals of Ireland, by the Four Masters, Vol. 6 (New York, N.Y.: AMS Press, 1966). As the Anglicized Irish form Shilie is dated to the gray area, it is registerable. Since the submitter allows minor changes, we have changed the given name to this form in order to register the name. Sion Becote. Device. Gules, two beavers statant and a barrel palewise Or. MIDDLE Alienor de Bathe. Name. Good name! Branwen de Gray of Teokesberia. Device. Quarterly azure and gules, on a cross nowy quadrate argent a raven sable. Brighid inghean Mhurchada. Device. Per pall inverted gules Or and sable, two bat-winged lions combattant counterchanged Or and gules and a glove argent. Please advise the submitter to use a yellower, and less orangy, form of Or. Dyderich Wolfhart. Device. Per chevron gules and sable, a chevron and in base a wolf's pawprint argent. John Chandler. Name. Good name! Mariana de la Mar. Name and device. Argent, a sea-unicorn contourny vert and a base wavy barry wavy purpure and argent. Please advise the submitter to draw fewer and more pronounced waves on the base. Michael McCay. Name. Submitted as Michael Mackay, the submitter requested authenticity for Scottish and allowed minor changes. The spelling Mackay is a header form in Black, but is not actually dated to period. Effrick neyn Kenneoch explains: The specific form Mackay is not dated to 1408 in Black. Black (s.n. MACKAY) does say The unique Gaelic charter of 1408 was granted by Donald, lord of the Isles, to Brian Vicar Mackay of Islay, however, the spelling Brian Vicar Mackay is Black's (or his source's) modern English translation of the Gaelic of the charter. The actual period Gaelic spelling found in the 1408 Islay Charter is Bhrian Bhicaire Mhagaodh (Munro, no. 16, p. 21). [Munro, Jean, and R. W. Munro. Acts of the Lords of the Isles: 1336-1493. Scottish History Society, 4th Series, vol. 22. Edinburg [sic]: Scottish History Society, 1986.] We have changed the byname to a spelling dated to 1506 in Black (s.n. MacKay) to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. Muirgheal donn inghean Dau{i'}d. Name. Submitted as Muirgheal donn ingen Dhau{i'}d, the submitter requested authenticity for 6th-12th C Scottish Gaelic and allowed no changes to her given name, but any changes to the rest of the name. Since the submitter requested authenticity, there are several points that should be addressed. The first is that we have no evidence of the name Dau{i'}d being used by everyday Scottish Gaels until after her desired time period. Effrick neyn Kenneoch summarizes this trend: [N]ote that the example of Dau{i'}d [...] found in the Gaelic Notes in the Book of Deer is not the biblical King David, but rather King David I of Scotland, son of King Malcolm III and his Anglo-Saxon wife, Margaret [...]. However, since all of Malcolm and Margaret's children were given non-Gaelic names, this use of Dau{i'}d cannot be taken as evidence of the use of David by normal Scottish Gaels. The same is also true for the names of Malcolm and Margaret's other children: Edward, Edmund, Ethelred, Edgar, Alexander, Matilda, and Mary. Some of these names migrated into the general Scottish Gaelic naming pool within a couple of centuries after Malcolm and Margaret ruled. Some of them moved into the naming pool much later and others not at all. A submitter desiring an authentic Scottish name will want to consider this issue when choosing elements for their name. The lenition in this name as submitted was not quite right. Effrick covered the issues of lenition and capitalization well: Although most names lenite after ingen/inghean, names that start with 'D-', such as Dau{i'}d, do not. (See the Simple Patronymic Byname section of Quick and Easy Gaelic Names at http://www.medievalscotland.org/scotnames/quickgaelicbynames/). Donn is both the early and late period spelling of this descriptive adjective byname. Although most adjectives lenite after a feminine name, because Muirgel/Muirgheal ends in '-l' and because Donn starts with 'D-', Donn does not lenite after Muirgel/Muirgheal. (See the Descriptive Adjective Byname section of Quick and Easy Gaelic Names). Period Gaelic did not use capital letters consistently in names. The modern editorial convention I follow would capitalize a descriptive adjective byname, but there is no particular reason to capitalize donn if lower case is preferred. (I would not be surprised if other modern editorial conventions for Gaelic names did not capitalize descriptive adjective bynames.) As Effrick found evidence of some form of David being used in 13th C Scotland (Black, s.n. MacDawy, dates Maldoveny MacDawy to 1271), we have made the byname internally consistent for 13th C Scottish Gaelic, which matches the submitter's desired spelling of Muirgheal. This ends the acceptances section of the December 2001 LoAR. THE FOLLOWING HAVE BEEN RETURNED FOR FURTHER WORK AN TIR Eileen ingen Dubh-luchag. Name and device. Gules, on a pile inverted throughout argent a mouse sejant erect sable. The submitter requested authenticity for 14th C Irish and allowed any changes. She also notes that if her name must be changed, then the meaning "Eileen Shadow Mouse" is most important. The submitted name does not have this meaning. It means "Eileen daughter of Dubh-luchag" where Dubh-luchag is a hypothetical masculine given name. No evidence was provided and none was found that luchag is a period Gaelic word and that any word meaning 'mouse' would have been included as a root in a period Gaelic masculine given name or descriptive byname. In a broader sense, no evidence was presented and none was found that any type of rodent would have been included as a root in either a Gaelic masculine given name or in a descriptive byname. Lacking such evidence, this name is not registerable. The device conflicts with Constance Caterine of Padua, Argent chap{e'} gules, two catamounts sejant respectant sable. Both coats can be interpreted as using charged piles inverted. Considering Constance's arms as Gules, on a pile inverted throughout argent two catamounts sejant respectant sable, there is only one CD for the cumulative changes to the group of charges on charges under X.4.i. This does not conflict with the arms of Andrew of York, Barry azure and argent, a mole rampant sable. Even considering Eileen's device as Argent chap{e'} gules, a mouse sejant erect sable, there's a CD for changing the field and a CD for changing the type of beast. While moles were found in period armory (e.g. Twistleton, Argent, three moles sable; Dictionary of British Armorials Volume I p.295), we've found no period examples of armory using mice or rats. Woodward, in A Treatise on Heraldry, British and Foreign, indicates that mice and rats were found in real-world heraldry but were limited to the Continent in their few appearances, and he gives no dated examples of their use. We must therefore judge the difference in the types of charges by visual distinctions, per the provisions of RfS X.4.e. Given that the mouse has prominent ears and tail, while the mole has none, there should be a CD between them. A similar comparison applies with Friedrich von Waffen, Argent a ferret rampant sable. Weasels are found in many forms in period heraldry: ermines, martens, and so forth. Without period examples of armory using mice, the distinction must be made on visual grounds. The weasel has very different body proportions from the mouse and lacks the prominent ears. It has at least a CD's difference for type change. ANSTEORRA Eleanor Fairchild. Device. Per bend azure and argent, in chief a lily Or. Conflict with Karol Johanna Gartenheit, (Fieldless) A jonquil blossom bell to chief Or. There is one CD for fieldlessness but nothing for the change in the type of flower. When a jonquil is in this posture, it is visually similar enough to a lily that we cannot give a CD for the change in type. There is also no difference given for placement on the field versus a fieldless badge. James Hamilton. Name. This name is being returned for conflict with James Hamilton (1606-1649), third Marquess and first Duke of Hamilton, who has his own entry in the Encyclopedia Britannica. His armory has been registered under the holding name James of Gate's Edge. Malcolm MacLean. Name. No forms were received for this submission. ARTEMISIA Alasdair na F{e'}s{o'}icce. Device. Per bend sinister gules and sable, a bend sinister ermine. Conflict with Edward of Yarborough, Per bend sinister gules and sable, a bend sinister ermine between a dog's head couped and a portcullis Or. There is only a CD for removal of the secondaries. It also conflicts with Tristan Blackmoor of Darkwoods, Per bend sinister gules and sable, a bend sinister counterchanged fimbriated argent. There is only one CD for changing the tincture of the bend sinister. Anastasia Lavandoli. Name. The submitter requested authenticity for 15th C Italian and allowed any changes. Lavandoli was documented as a surname meaning 'lavender' from Fucilla (p 85 s.n. Medicinal Plants). The problem with Fucilla is that there are few, if any, dates in this source. So, in most instances, it is not possible to tell simply from reading the entry in Fucilla if the name is period or not. In most cases, the same name may be found in other sources. In other cases, a pattern of similar names may be documented. The College was unable to find evidence of Lavandoli in any source other than Fucilla. So the question becomes whether or not surnames based on medicinal plants may be documented. A number of the names listed under the Medicinal Plants section in Fucilla have alternate derivations. For example, Nardo can also be a diminutive of Bernardo. Some of the names in this section of Fucilla that are not marked as having alternate derivations are Bistorti, Logli, Mentastro, Lavandoli, and Cadoni. None of these are listed in De Felice, Dizionario dei cognomi italiani. If there was a pattern in period of surnames derived from medicinal plants, surely at least one of these names would have been listed in De Felice. Therefore, barring evidence of use of the surname Lavandoli in period, or even a pattern of surnames derived from medicinal plants in period Italian, this name is not registerable. Callum Lamond. Device. Gules, a sea-dragon erect Or and a bordure embattled argent. The bordure embattled needs to be redrawn. The embattlements are far too small, numerous, and irregularly shaped. Embattlements should be square or a squarish rectangle. A bordure embattled generally has three to five projecting embattlements from the top of the field. Here there are twice as many. The bordure should also be somewhat thicker. Corisande de Burgh. Device change. Per chevron inverted indented purpure and argent, in pale two fleurs-de-lys counterchanged that in base enfiling a ducal coronet Or. This was submitted as an augmentation, but after consultation with appropriate Artemisian heralds, it has been determined that it is a device change. The submitter is a duchess and entitled to the ducal coronet. This must be returned because the coronet is not visible on the emblazon except under closest scrutiny. It must be drawn significantly larger and bolder to be acceptable. It should also be drawn with strawberry leaves visible at the sides of the coronet, rather than just in the center. Lecelina O'Brien of Mountshannon. Badge. (Fieldless) A unicorn-headed dragon contourny argent. Conflict with Myfanwy ferch Dafydd, Per bend sinister azure and argent, ermined azure, in chief a dragon rampant to sinister argent. There is a CD for fieldlessness but nothing for placement on the field, since no CD is granted for placement on the field versus a fieldless badge. There is no difference for changing the head only of the monster, per the following precedent: [A dragon vs. a unicorn-headed dragon with lion's forepaws] The visual similarities of the dragon and [the other] monster (changes to head and forepaws only) are simply too great [for there to be a CVD] (LoAR 1/91 p.24). This badge also conflicts with Mindrakken van der Zilver, Purpure, a dragon, sejant erect sinister facing, argent, with a CD for fieldlessness but nothing for changing the posture to segreant from sejant erect, and nothing for changing the type of charge. Velma the Harper. Device. Or, a dragon involved purpure. Conflict with Ulvar van der Nederlanden, Or, a dragon sejant affronty wings displayed purpure. There is a single CD for changing the posture of the dragon. The term involved did not seem to accurately represent the posture of this dragon. This dragon is rampant with his tail flexed up before his body. He is also biting the tip of the tail. This posture has some resemblance to the real-world insignia of the Order of the Dragon, but that insignia has the dragon fesswise. We were unable to come up with a clear blazon, and request that the submitter address this issue on resubmission. Zoe Amaranta. Device. Or, an amaranth purpure slipped vert sustained between a griffin and a dragon combatant purpure. The griffin, amaranth and dragon are all co-primary charges. This is apparent in the emblazon due to the charges' equal visual weight. It is also apparent in the blazon due to the blazon term sustained, which marks the item so sustained as a co-primary charge. This device has a single charge group using three types of charge, which is overly complex. No single charge group may have more than two types of charge, by RfS VIII.a.1. ATENVELDT Rurik Levushka Ul'ianov. Device. Ermine, a lion dormant contourny gules and a bordure azure. This is returned for redrawing. The ermine spots are far too small and numerous for identifiability. As few as ten ermine spots would be perfectly acceptable; this has over 130 spots. In addition, the posture of the lion blurs the distinction between couchant and dormant. The head should clearly be raised and alert (as in couchant) or should rest on the forepaws and sleep (as in dormant). Selim ibn Murad. Device. Azure, three crescents one and two horns to center Or. Conflict with Rabah az-Zafir, Sable, three crescents one and two conjoined at the horns Or. There is one CD for changing the field. There is not a CD between a given group of charges conjoined and another group of charges in the same arrangement which are not conjoined. ATLANTIA Aeschylus Grendel. Name. The name Aeschylus was documented as "the name of a great classical Greek playwright who lived from 535 BCE until 456 BCE." No evidence was found that this person was known in medieval England. Such evidence would be necessary to support the theory that this name was among the classical names revived in the 12th or 16th centuries in England. Additionally, most of the names revived at those times were Latin and were fairly well known. Since the documentation stands with the reference to the 5th-6th C BC Greek playwright which is more than 1000 years before an appropriate date for the byname (which is dated to 1180 in Reaney & Wilson, p. 207 s.n. Grindel), this name must be returned for excessive temporal disparity. Anne Balfour of Markinch. Badge. (Fieldless) An arm embowed and couped above the elbow sustaining a club bendwise inverted azure. The arm as drawn here blurs the distinction between a cubit arm and an arm embowed. A cubit arm is couped just below the elbow, and an arm embowed is couped just below the shoulder. This should be resubmitted with a standard form of arm. Atlantia, Kingdom of. Order name Order of the Nereid. The documentation submitted for this order name was the previous registration of Nereid Herald (registered July 1981). However, while we have evidence of heraldic titles being taken from order names, no evidence was presented of order names being derived from heraldic titles. Lacking evidence of order names being formed from the names of gods or demigods, this order name is not registerable. Atlantia, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Paulonia Herald. The word Paulonia is post-period, as noted by Kraken: Paulownia is a generic name for several species of trees native to the Orient, having heart-shaped leaves, and clusters of purple and/or white flowers. It is colloquially known in some parts of the South as "elephant ear tree" or "kudzu's big brother" after being brought to America in the same time frame as kudzu. The genus is ancient in its native territory. The name, alas, appears to date from the 19th century, as my dictionary gives it as New Latin after Anna Pavlovna, Russian princess who died in 1865. Caitil{i'}n Fhionn inghean Fhionn. Device. Per fess engrailed vert and azure, in chief a dag rune Or. This device was returned in Kingdom, and the blazon was inadvertantly left on the LoI. James d'Ormonde. Name. This name conflicts with James Butler, Duke of Ormonde (1610-1688), who has his own entry in the Encyclopedia Britannica. RfS V.1.c reads, Protected historical personal names are protected in all of the forms in which they commonly appear. Charlemagne, which becomes Carolus Magnus in Latin and Karl der Grosse in German, is protected in all three forms. Cornelian found that "the various earls/dukes/marquises of Ormonde typically signed themselves Ormonde." As they were routinely known by their title, this person is protected both as James Butler, Duke of Ormonde and as James, Duke of Ormonde. It is with this second form that the submitted James d'Ormonde conflicts. His armory has been registered under the holding name James of Atlantia. Katerina Kristanovna Volokhova vnuka. Badge. Azure, on a harp argent a rose proper. As drawn, the rose lies almost entirely on the stringed portion of the harp, which means it mostly lies on the field. The gules rose has insufficient contrast with the azure field. This must be returned for poor contrast. The wolf's head at the top of the pillar of the harp is a small artistic detail which need not be blazoned. Michel von Sch{o:}nsee. Name. As no forms were received for this submission, it must be returned. Sylvana Ballaster. Device. Per fess rayonny gules and sable, three decrescents argent. The device needs to be redrawn. The rayonny line as drawn here is unacceptably small and indistinct. Rayonny is a complex line that should extend to wavy points above and below the line. Here the points are more like wavy crested. They are much too shallow, in that the total height between the top and bottom points of the line is roughly one-twentieth of the shield. One would expect at least one-eighth of the shield to be subtended by the complex line (three-fourths of an inch or taller on this size of shield). There are also roughly twice as many repeats as one would generally expect on a per fess line. CAID Eranric of Devon. Name change from Erenric of Devon. This appeal requested the registered name be changed to a form closer to that originally submitted. No evidence was provided and none was found to indicate that Eran- is an alternative spelling of the protheme {ae}ren. "A" and "e" are not usually interchangeable in Anglo-Saxon. DRACHENWALD Ale Snepil. Name and device. Quarterly argent and azure, in sinister chief three arrows inverted in fess argent. No documentation was presented and none was found that a byname meaning 'bent arrow' is reasonable for period Swedish. If support for the byname construction were to be found, an additional issue is the spelling of the byname. The byname was constructed from the elements sned and pil, and the "d" was dropped because, "In modern Swedish, this d is silent." This statement does not address whether the "d" would have been dropped in period Swedish. The device violates RfS XI.3, Marshalling: "Such fields may only be used when no single portion of the field may appear to be an independent piece of armory. No section of the field may contain an ordinary that terminates at the edge of that section, or more than one charge unless those charges are part of a group over the whole field". Quarterly is one of the fields that may only be used when no single portion of the field may appear to be an independent piece of armory. Here, there are multiple charges in one quarter, and the charges are not part of a group over the whole field. Alessandra Melusine di Mantegna. Name. This name is being returned for lack of documentation of Melusine. Melusine is listed on p. 137 of Louis-Fernand Flutre, Table des Noms Propres avec Toutes Leurs Variantes Figurant dans les Romans du Moyen Age {E'}crits en Fran{c,}ais ou en Proven{c,}al et Actuellement Publi{e'}s ou Analys{e'}s (Poitiers: Centre d'{E'}tudes Sup{e'}rieures de Civilisation M{e'}di{e'}vale, 1962) as the name of a character in a medieval romance. Unfortunately for the submitter, the character described in this entry is not a human. As summarized by Metron Ariston: While it is true that in the Lusignan legend, Melusine's father is said to be the King of Scotland, her mother is said to be the fairy Pressina. The locus classicus for her tale is the Chronique de Melusine written by Jean d'Arras around 1387. In this classic fairy tale story, Melusine is said to have been cursed by her mother to be transformed every Saturday into a hideous monster with a serpent's tale [sic] and, if ever seen in this form by a mortal, to be destined to take this form forever. As we have no evidence that the name Melusine was used by humans in period (not even as a human literary character), we are upholding the precedent barring registration of Melusine: There are only a bare handful of Melusines registered, and the only documentation is post-1650; I think I can safely disallow the name, pending evidence that it's period. I'd be willing to believe it a variant form of Melisenda, Millicent --- but as it's also the name of a mythical monster, I'd like to see some evidence of its period use by humans. (Melusine d'Argent, October, 1992, pg. 21) As the submitter does not allow major changes, we were unable to drop the element Melusine and register the name. Her armory has been registered under the holding name Alessandra of Insula Draconis. EALDORMERE Brant County, Canton of. Device. Quarterly argent and Or, a boars head erased close within a laurel wreath sable. The letter of intent listed this item as a device-only submission, and noted in the discussion that Kingdom had formed a holding name. This must be returned because neither the Kingdom nor Laurel may form a holding name for a branch. Without an associated name, armory may not be registered. Please advise the submitters that a laurel wreath should have a round shape, rather than a "U" or "V" shape, and they should be completely closed, or almost completely closed, at the top. Laurel wreaths in the shape submitted here have been considered sufficient reason for return in the past. Please also advise the submitters to either draw the boar's head with a more prominent erasing, or to coup the head using a smooth line, per the cover letter to the November 2001 LoAR. Niall of Skelter Gate. Device. Per bend vert and argent, an increscent argent and a quill pen bendwise sable. The Letter of Intent listed this item as a device-only submission, and noted in the discussion that Kingdom had formed a holding name. This must be returned because, according to the Administrative Handbook, Kingdoms cannot form holding names. This is therefore administratively equivalent to a submission without an associated name. Also according to the Administrative Handbook, armory may not be registered without an associated name. Yoshikishi Hashiro. Name. The submitted elements were documented from Patrick Geoffrey O'Neill's Japanese Names. No documentation was provided and none was found that either element would have been used in a period name. Also, this source listed Yoshikichi not Yoshikishi. Neither of these elements are listed in Solveig Throndardott{i'}r's Name Construction in Medieval Japan. Lacking evidence that these elements we used in period, they are not registerable. Additionally, this submission has the given name (nanori) first and the surname second. In Japanese, the surname comes before the given name. EAST Lilias de Cheryngton. Device. Vert, a crequier argent. Conflict with Ioseph of Locksley, the Rhymer, Vert, a tree eradicated argent. There is a CD between a default tree and a crequier. Because early heraldic depictions of trees were sometimes drawn much like a crequier, with one large leaf at the end of each branch, it does not seem appropriate to give X.2 difference between these charges. LOCHAC Miles de Colwell. Device. Argent, a chevron and a chief sable overall a griffin segreant gules. Overall charges may not surmount peripheral charges such as chiefs. "The orle overlying the point violates the rule prohibiting overall charges over peripheral charges." (LoAR October 1999, p. 22). Olekh of Kiev. Name. This name conflicts with Oleg whom the Encylopedia Britannica describes as a "semilegendary Viking (Varangian) leader who became prince of Kiev and is considered to be the founder of the Kievan Rus state." The names of monarchs in the form "[monarch's given name] of [location ruled]" have been protected for some time and the ruling was recently upheld: As Polonus means 'the Pole' or 'of Poland', this name conflicts with the three kings: Wladyslaw I (king of Poland from 1306), Wladyslaw II (king from 1386) and Wladyslaw III (king from 1434). [Wladyslaw Polonus, 04/00, R-{AE}thelmearc] Since Oleg conquered Kiev, his name is protected in the form Oleg of Kiev. His armory has been registered under the holding name Olekh of Rowany. MERIDIES Falk vom Weserbogen. Name. The submitter requested authenticity for 14th C German and allowed no changes. No documentation was presented for Falk used as a name in German in period. Dated forms listed in Brechenmacher (s.n. Falke) include the forms Falco dated to 1145 & 1185, Falcho to 1216, and Falko to 1401. The byname vom Weserbogen is a hypothetical byname intended to mean 'from the bend in the Weser river'. No evidence was presented and none was found that -bogen meaning 'bend in river' was used as an element in a compound German place name. The byname von Bogen is dated to 1880 in Kammermaier, Andreas, "Das Kloster Ober Altaich von 1080 bis 1803 und heute" (WWW: Oberalteich online, 1998-2001, http://www.oberalteich.de/geschichte/klosterkirche/index.html). Therefore, Falco von Bogen or Falko von Bogen would be registerable forms of this name. As von Bogen was only found dated to 1080, we do not know if either of these names would be authentic for his desired time period. Since the submitter allowed no changes, we must return this name. His device was registered under the holding name Axel of An Dun Theine. Giovanna da Ferrara. Device. Argent, a falcon displayed maintaining in its dexter claw a sprig of holly and in its sinister claw two rapiers inverted on a chief embattled sable three flames gules fimbriated Or. Flames are too complex in shape to be fimbriated. Flames proper are drawn correctly using alternating tongues of Or and gules flame, rather than gules fimbriated Or (which, in earlier days of SCA heraldry, had been considered a correct form of proper flames). See the Cover Letter for the April 1995 LoAR for more discussion on proper flames. This device is also overly complex. it has a combined charge and tincture count of nine, with five types of charge (eagle, holly, rapier, chief, flame) and four tinctures (argent, sable, Or and gules). This violates RfS VIII.1.a. Shilie Stuart. Device. Gules, a Bengal tiger couchant, contourny, guardant Or. The submitter's device was prematurely featured on the Letter of Intent of July 2001 under the name Sheila Stuart. As noted on the November LoAR, the device needed to be returned, not only for administrative reasons, but for a number of conflicts. They were listed on the November 2001 LoAR, as it seemed a kindness to get this information to the submitter as soon as possible. MIDDLE None. This ends the returns section of the December 2001 LoAR. THE FOLLOWING HAVE BEEN PENDED UNTIL THE JUNE LAUREL MEETINGS ARTEMISIA Gwenllian de Castell Coch. Device. Argent, a pall between a cross of Jerusalem sable and two towers gules. The arms of Cunningham of Glencairn, Argent, a shakefork sable, are currently protected as important non-SCA arms in the SCA. Electrum has presented evidence that these arms were also found into the 16th century in the form Argent, a pall sable, per the depiction in David Lindsay of the Mount's 1542 roll. He has also presented evidence that the Cunningham arms were found using a shakefork in period, per the depiction in the mid-fifteenth century Armorial de Berry (where they are shown somewhat more like a pall couped than the standard shakefork, which has pointed ends.) Electrum has requested that we consider whether we should protect the arms of Cunningham of Glencairn in the form Argent, a pall sable, in addition to keeping the current "shakefork" form protected. Woodward specifically addresses the evolution of the arms of the Cunningham family on pps. 151 and 152 of A Treatise on Heraldry, British and Foreign: In many old representations of the arms of the Cunningham family in Scotland the charge is the pall, or pairle; i.e. the Ordinary is drawn as touching the edges of the shield. It is now, however, depicted differently; being couped and pointed at its extremities, as in Plate XVI., fig 12, Argent, a shake-fork sable. Gwenllian's submission is pended while we consider this request. If the "pall" version of the Cunningham arms are protected, then Gwenllian's arms will conflict with them, as there will only be one CD for adding a secondary charge group. When considering whether we should protect this "pall" form of Cunningham of Glencairn, remember to address the balance of the "arms" and "man" schools. If the reason we are protecting Cunningham of Glencairn in the "shakefork" form is largely because of its fame in heraldic treatises as an example of the shakefork, then perhaps the form using the pall is not famous enough to protect. However, if we are protecting Cunningham of Glencairn largely because of of the historical importance of the Cunningham Earls of Glencairn, then perhaps the "pall" form would be famous enough to protect. In this month's cover letter, we are also asking the College to consider whether we should be giving difference shakeforks and palls. Current precedent does give difference between these charges, and the current standard will continue to apply to this submission, as it was submitted under that standard. Therefore, regardless of the outcome of that discussion, this submission will be considered clear of conflict with the currently protected "shakefork" arms of Cunningham of Glencairn, Argent, a shakefork sable, with one CD for changing the type of primary charge and another for adding the secondary charges.