Submitted under the name Aidan Gunn.
Her previous blazon, Per pale sable and Or, a trillium gules barbed vert, did not follow the SCA default for trillium flowers. See this month's cover letter for details.
The submitter requested authenticity for 16th C German. Lacking evidence that Lothar was used after the 11th C, we were unable to make this name authentic for the submitter's requested time period.
One of her previous badges, Argent semy of bees azure, is released in order to comply with the four-item armory registration limit in Administrative Handbook I.B.
The submitter stated that the words on the chevron mean "Not for the one, but for the whole." Metron Ariston believes that the translation given is slightly inaccurate, and that a more accurate translation would be, "Not for himself, but for everything." The submitter may be interested in her suggestion for a good Medieval Latin phrase with the intended meaning:
Non pro uno sed pro omnibus ("not on behalf of one but on behalf of all"). This would parallel the famous motto of D[u]mas' musketeers which is frequently Latinized "Unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno."
Some commenters noted that no documentation had been presented for words on a chevron. Phrases on bordures, including Latin phrases, are rare but not unknown in Spanish and Italian heraldry. Phrases in Arabic are not at all uncommon in Islamic heraldry, particularly on fesses. As a result, putting a Latin phrase on a chevron seems to be at most one step from period practice, and is certainly consistent with SCA armorial practices.
Nice device! This does not conflict with Iago Benitez, Quarterly gules and Or, a cross bottony within a bordure counterchanged. There is one CD for removing the bordure and another CD for changing the type of the cross: "There is still a CD between a cross flory and a cross bottony" (LoAR August 1999).
Nice badge!
Please advise the submitter to draw the bordure somewhat narrower and the unicorn somewhat larger.
Submitted as Brighid ingen Mac Tíre Ruadh, the submitter requested authenticity for 11th to 12th C Irish and allowed minor changes.
Brighid is an Early Modern Irish Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form. The corresponding Middle Irish Gaelic (c. 900 to c. 1200) form of this name is Brigit. We have changed the name to this form to partially meet the submitter's request for authenticity. While we have no evidence of any form of Brighid used as a given name in Gaelic except by saints, the name is registerable as a saint's name, though it is not authentic. (See the Cover Letter for the September 2001 LoAR for more details regarding the registerability of saints' names.)
The submitter stated that she wished the meaning 'Brighid, daughter of Red Wolf'. Mac Tíre is a Gaelic masculine given name. It originally meant 'son of the land', a euphemism for a wolf. Used as a given name, in the submitter's time period, it did not mean 'wolf' any more than the modern given name Heather means a type of vegetation, or the modern given name Ashley means 'ash-tree wood or clearing'. In fact, the submitted name means ' Brighid, daughter of Mac Tíre the Red'. In this position, Ruadh is her father's descriptive byname and would normally indicate that he had red hair.
The submitted byname is not formed correctly, because it does not have her father's name (Mac Tíre Ruadh) in the genitive case as required by Gaelic grammar. The correct form of this byname for the submitter's desired time period is Meic Thíre Ruaidh. We have made this change in order to register her name.
The previous blazon, Sable, a trillium Or between four salmon naiant in annulo argent, did not follow the SCA default for trillium flowers. See this month's cover letter for details.
Please advise the submitter to draw the point pointed slightly lower on the field.
The previous blazon, Vert, three trilliums inverted argent and a chief Or, did not follow the SCA default for trillium flowers. See this month's cover letter for details.
This does not conflict with a badge of Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, Sable, a saltire formy argent. Contrary to some opinions espoused in the commentary, couping an ordinary is only a significant change (worth a CD) rather than a substantial change (clear by RfS X.2). We would only give a CD between a saltire bretessed and a saltire bretessed and couped. However, just as it seems appropriate to give X.2 (substantial) difference between the very different period charges of a cross formy (which is couped by default and has splayed ends) and a cross bretessed (which is throughout by default and treated with an embattled line), it is also appropriate to give X.2 difference between similarly treated saltires.
The submitter requested authenticity for the 16th to 17th C. Roxanne is registerable under the guidelines for registerability of literary names (see the Cover Letter for the February 1999 LoAR for details):
While we do not find this a very likely name, since the stories of Alexander the Great were so popular during the middle ages (Alexander was one of the Nine Worthies), and since there is documented evidence of taking names from Arthuriana, we are giving the submitter the benefit of the doubt. (Roxanne O'Malley, 10/96 p. 7)
Lacking evidence that Roxanne was used as a given name by regular people in period, we were unable to make this name authentic.
Please advise the submitter to draw the ram's horns more pronouncedly. In period armory, rams are usually drawn with very prominent horns that lie partially on the field, rather than having the horns lie entirely on the rest of the ram's head.
This submission is an appeal of the return of Award of the Rising Star in September 2001, which stated:
This name is being returned for lack of documentation of the construction of the order name. No documentation was provided, and the College found none, that an abstract descriptive such as Rising was used to modify a noun such as Star in period order names. Barring such documentation, this name must be returned.
Ansteorra has pointed out that Circle of the Ascending Star was registered to the Kingdom of Ansteorra in April 1981 and that the construction used in Award of the Rising Star of Ansteorra is, therefore, grandfathered to them.
This submission raised considerable discussion regarding how the Grandfather Clause applies to order names. This issue is most often raised in regards to adjectives used in order names. Some recent examples include:
[Order of the Argent Slipper] Meridies already has several order names of the type Argent X, so this particular use is grandfathered to the Kingdom. [Meridies, Kingdom of, 08/00, A-Meridies]
[Order of the Dragon's Bowle] The construction Dragon's X has not been documented to period. However, the order names Order of the Dragon's Jewel (registered August 1987) and Order of the Dragon's Pride (registered May 1988) are registered to Drachenwald. Therefore, the construction Order of the Dragon's X is grandfathered to them so long as whatever X is falls within the rather wide span between Jewel and Pride. A bowl (especially if it were gold or silver) is an object which could conceivably fall into the same category as a jewel, as being part of a dragon's horde. Therefore, this order name is registerable. [Drachenwald, Kingdom of, 02/02, A-Drachenwald]
While use of an adjective, such as Argent or Dragon's, that does not change from order name to order name is the most common application of the Grandfather Clause in order names, we have also grandfathered specific construction types. Some examples include:
[Order of the Marble Chalice] No documentation was presented and none was found that Order of the Marble Chalice follows a pattern used for period order names. However, Gleann Abhann has registered Order of the Onyx Chalice (registered in September 1998) and Order of the Garnet Chalice (registered in September 1998). Since both marble and onyx are types of stone, Order of the Marble Chalice follows the same construction pattern as Order of the Onyx Chalice and so is registerable via the Grandfather Clause. [Gleann Abhann, Principality of, 12/2002, A-Meridies]
[Order of the Opal] No evidence was presented and none was found of period order names based on gemstones. As Atlantia has registered the Order of the Pearl, this construction is grandfathered to them. [Atlantia, Kingdom of, 12/2001, A-Atlantia]
In the first example, the construction Order of the [type of stone] Chalice is grandfathered to Gleann Abhann. In the second example, Order of the [type of gemstone] is grandfathered to Atlantia. Award of the Rising Star of Ansteorra parallels Circle of the Ascending Star in a manner similar to these examples. Given these previous registrations of grandfathering order name constructions within a narrow construction type, this order name is registerable to Ansteorra.
Note: Ansteorra has a letter of permission to conflict from the owner of the household name House Rising Star. The addition of a group reference, such as of Ansteorra, is normally transparent for conflict purposes. However, previous precedent (including The Order of the White Scarf of Caid (Caid, Kingdom of; Acceptances, Caid; April 1997) and Order of the Golden Swan of Aneala (Aneala, Barony of; Acceptances, Lochac; July 1999) has ruled that a group reference is enough difference to clear the conflict when used in conjunction with a letter of permission to conflict.
Submitted as Leofwine av Sumersaeton, the submitter requested authenticity for 1056 Anglo-Saxon England and allowed minor changes. As submitted, this byname combines the modern Swedish av with the Old English Sumersaeton and so violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name element. We have changed the particle from the Swedish av to the Old English of to resolve this problem.
Old English grammar requires that, in personal names having the form [given name] of [placename], the placename be in the dative case. The documented Sumersæton (found in Ekwall, p. 430 s.n. Somerset) is a nominative form. The dative form of this placename is Sumersætum. We have made this correction in order to register this name and to meet the submitter's request for authenticity.
Waterbearers Guild of [branch name] is a generic identifier.
Because of the fishtail flukes at the end of the serpent's tail, and because their device already uses the blazon term sea-serpent, we have registered the charge as a sea-serpent rather than a serpent as submitted. Note that period serpents may be smooth-skinned, like a snake, or may show dorsal spines or ridges, as with this creature.
Baronial Archery Champion is a generic identifier.
Baronial Equestrian Champion is a generic identifier.
Baronial Chivalric/Rapier Champion is a generic identifier.
Baronial Arts and Sciences Champion is a generic identifier.
The previous blazon, Azure, a Hungerford knot Or between three trilliums argent, did not follow the SCA default for trillium flowers. See this month's cover letter for details.
Submitted as Malcolm MacLean, the submitter requested authenticity for late 16th C Scot and allowed any changes. Clarion found forms of this byname dated to the submitter's desired time period:
Black, s.n. Maclean has the following in the 16th century:
Mackcline, MackCleiden, Mackelein, Macclen, Makclen (all 1588), Macklayne, Maklayne, Makelyne (1536), M'Clane (1514), Maclein (1586), Maclane (1545), Makclayne (1573), Makclane, M'Clan, M'Klane (1591).
Of these, the form Maclein is closest in appearance to the submitted MacLean. We have changed the byname to this form to meet the submitter's request for authenticity.
His previous name, Galen Saint Amand, is released.
Nice ensign!
Artemisian Archery Guild is a generic identifier.
The LoI noted that, if possible, the guild preferred this badge to be associated with "their leader, the Artemisian Archer General." This is not possible because badges may not be registered for kingdom officers if a badge for that position is registered at the corporate level. As archery falls into a subarea of the marshallate, a badge is already designated for use by the Artemisian Archer General. We have registered this badge using the generic identifier Artemisian Archery Guild, which is the group's preferred alternate designation for this badge.
Artemisian Archery Guild is a generic identifier.
The crosses were originally blazoned as crosses espada. They are standard crosses of Santiago in the full-sized emblazon and we have so blazoned them.
Submitted under the name Bláithín inghean Bhradaigh.
Submitted as Katheryn von Schlegel, this submission was an appeal of changes made to this name when it was registered in the November 2001 LoAR as Katheryn Slegel.
The submitter provided documentation supporting Schlegel as her legal surname. With this documentation, she may use the Legal Name Allowance to register Schlegel in a surname position in her SCA name. However, the Legal Name Allowance only supports registration of the name element in the exact form in which it appears in the submitter's legal name. Therefore, the Legal Name Allowance allows her to register Schlegel as a byname, but it does not allow her to register von Schlegel because von Schlegel is not part of her legal name.
To register von Schlegel, documentation would need to be provided that von Schlegel was used as a byname in period or that Schlegel was the name of a town in period. Documentation was provided for two individuals whose surnames were von Schlegel. However, these people were born in 1697 and 1772 and so do not support von Schlegel as a surname before 1600 or even 1650. Documentation was also provided for modern locations in Germany named Schlegel. No evidence was found that these locations date to period. Bahlow (p. 493 s.n. Schlegel) indicates that this byname means 'hammer'. Given this information, it seems unlikely that a period location was named Schlegel. Lacking evidence of a period place with this name, the byname von Schlegel is not registerable.
We have dropped the particle von and registered her byname in the form Schlegel, as permitted under the Legal Name Allowance, in order to register this name.
Her previous name, Katheryn Slegel, is released.
The branch was originally blazoned as a mulberry branch. However, the College uniformly felt that this was not recognizable as a mulberry branch due to the shape of the leaves and the fact that the fructing, while present, was too small to be seen at any distance. We have thus reblazoned it as a branch.
We advise the submitter that the standard branch in heraldry has one main stem rather than the naturalistic forked structure found in this emblazon.
This submission was pended from the July LoAR for a missing tincture.
The submitter's previous device, Per chevron engrailed argent and azure, a castle sable and four fish naiant contourny Or, is released.
The nail was originally blazoned as a glazier's nail. The standard SCA term, which matches the term used in the blazon of the Worshipful Company of Glaziers, is closing nail.
Submitted as Alixandre L'elan, Metron Ariston found that the correct form of this word in French is élan 'elk'. We have changed the byname to follow standard French construction.
The sea-tyger's heads are drawn as tyger's heads with a fish fin down the back of the neck. These are very similar to dragon's heads, but it seems reasonable to maintain the distinction in blazon.
Listed on the LoI as Anitsa Sekerina, this name was submitted as Anishka Sekerina and changed at Kingdom to use a dated period form. The location cited in the submitted documentation, Wickenden (3rd ed., s.n. Anna), dates Aniushka to 1498, rather than the submitted Anishka. As Aniuska is closer than Anitsa to the submitted Anishka, we have changed the name to this form when registering the name.
Her previous submission, Belphoebe de Givet, was returned in February 2002 with the explanation:
Belphoebe is a name unique to Spenser's The Faerie Queen. This character, the Fairie Queen, was an allegory for Elizabeth I. Belphoebe is unregisterable for two reasons. First, as it is allegorical, rather than being the name of a regular human character, it is not registerable as a name from period literature. Additionally, since Belphoebe was the name of the Faerie Queen, this name violates RfS VI.2, "Names containing elements that allude to powers that the submitter does not possess are considered presumptuous .... Such claims include ... given names that were never used by humans."
The current submission documents Bell and Phoebe as English given names, with Bell being a diminutive of Isabel.
There was also some concern that the combination of two given names that sounds identical to the returned Belphoebe did not clear the previous issue with Belphoebe. A parallel issue with the name Lora Leigh has previously been ruled on:
It was our feeling that the registration of Lora Leigh <surname> (from which this name is sufficiently different by the Rules) established a precedent in not calling conflict with the classical Lorelei, more so since there were no allusions to Lorelei in the armory. (LoAR 12/90 p.4).
Bell Phoebe is similar to Belphoebe in the same way that Lora Leigh is similar to Loralei. Therefore, given the Lora Leigh precedent cited above, Bell Phoebe is registerable in this name.
Note: Barberella is dated to c. 1210 in Reaney & Wilson (p. 26 s.n. Barbarel).
These birds are conjoined in annulo. The only conjoining is where the beak of each bird touches the tail of the bird in front of it. This emblazon thus meets the objections stated in the previous return. The outline of the group is somewhat more triangular than round, because the birds have straight backs, but this is an acceptable group of birds conjoined in annulo.
Submitted under the name Bronwen inghean an Druaidh.
His previous blazon, Argent, a pall inverted between three trillium flowers gules, leaved vert, did not follow the SCA default for trillium flowers. See this month's cover letter for details.
The submitter requested authenticity for 16th C England and allowed any changes. Talan Gwynek's article "Late Sixteenth Century English Given Names" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/eng16/eng16alpha.html) lists the form Eleanor. Speed's The Counties of Britain (p. 119, map of Lincolnshire, map dated 1610) lists Ravendale in Havesto Wapon.. By the 16th C, inherited surnames had replaced literal bynames. However, Irvine Gray and J. E. Gethyn-Jones, ed., The Registers of the Church of St. Mary's, Dymock, 1538-1790 (p. 41), date John of Avocull to June 13, 1580, showing a single example of a locative byname without an inherited surname in the submitter's desired time period. Given this example, we have left this byname in the submitted form of Ravendale as this form is authentic, if extremely rare, for the submitter's desired time and culture. More typical forms would be Eleanor Ravendale, if Ravendale is viewed as an inherited surname, or Eleanor [inherited surname] of Ravendale, showing Ravendale as Eleanor's place of origin and the inherited surname as a surname inherited from her father or her husband's surname if she is married.
Submitted under the name Keelin Mirymuth, that name was returned in October 2002.
He has a letter of permission to conflict from Thibault Chinaud, elsewhere in the Atlantia section of this LoAR.
Her previous blazon, Or, a pall vert between three trillium flowers purpure, did not follow the SCA default for trillium flowers. See this month's cover letter for details.
These birds are conjoined in annulo. The only conjoining is where the beak of each bird touches the tail of the bird in front of it. This emblazon thus meets the objections stated in the previous return. The outline of the group is somewhat more triangular than round, because the birds have straight backs, but this is an acceptable group of birds conjoined in annulo.
Submitted as Liuedai von Regensburg, this name combined Liuedai, which is a Latinized form of an Old English name, with the German byname von Regensburg. Lacking evidence that Anglo-Saxon England had significant contact with Germany, a name combining Old English and German is not registerable. We have changed the given name to the Middle English form Luveday (dated to 1205 in Reaney & Wilson, p. 285 s.n. Loveday), in order to register this name.
There was some question whether this name conflicts with the registered name Margerie Freyser (registered October 2001). Magy is a diminutive of Margaret. Margerie is a form of Margery which originally derived from Margaret. In the registration of the name Elizabeth de Valence (registered December 1995), the ruling stated that this name was clear of the registered Isabeau de Valence (registered March 1994):
Under RfS V.1.i (Given Names) the given names Elizabeth and Isabeau do not conflict: they differ significantly in sound and appearance, and neither is a diminutive of the other. (It is true that Isabel/Isabeau began as a form of Elizabeth, but the two were differentiated quite early, just as Margery was from Margaret.) [Elizabeth de Valence, LoAR 12/95, A-Outlands]
Given the comparison of Margery and Margaret in this ruling, Margery and Margaret do not conflict. Therefore, Magy, which is a diminutive of Margaret, not Margerie, does not conflict with Margerie.
Submitted as Marmaduc de Thysteleworthe, the submitter requested authenticity for 14th C England. We have changed the byname to Thystelesworthe to match the submitted documentation and to meet the submitter's request for authenticity.
This does not conflict with Angus Scrymgeoure, Per pale azure and sable, three crosses crosslet argent. There is a CD for changing the field and another CD for the type difference between a cross potent and a cross crosslet. Both types of cross are found throughout the heraldic period and appear to be considered distinct charges.
The three crosses are blazoned explicitly as two and one because, on a per bend sinister field, three charges default to having two in the dexter chief portion of the field and one in the sinister base portion.
Submitted as Melisende d'Artois, the submitter requested authenticity for 12th to 14th C French. Colm Dubh's article "An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html) includes examples of forms of this given name in the entries Melissent la Fauconnière, Milesent la lavendière, and Milessent la cerenceresse de lin. As Melissent is the closest of these forms to the submitted Melisende, we have changed the given name to Melissent to meet the submitter's request for authenticity.
Listed on the LoI as Nicholas of Waverly Abbey, this name was originally submitted as Brother Nicholas of Waverly Abbey. The element Brother was dropped at Kingdom. The submitter requested authenticity for 12th to 13th C and allowed any changes. Registerability of Brother as a form of address was addressed recently:
In the case of this name, the element Brother in Brother Timothy is a form of address, not a name element. We do not register forms of address regardless of whether they would be presumptuous, such as Lord or Mistress, or whether they would not be presumptuous, such as Brother or Goodwife. The submitter is welcome to use Brother, as in Brother Timothy, as his preferred form of address, but this use of Brother is not registerable. [Timothy Brother, LoAR 11/2002, A-Artemisia]
Similarly, this submitter is welcome to use Brother as his preferred form of address.
Siren found information regarding the submitter's request for authenticity:
The question is, for his authenticity request, was the word <Abbey> used as part of placenames, or would he have just been <Nicholas de Wauerlay> (that spelling dated to 1196 in Ekwall s.n. Waverly) or <Nicholas del Abbay> (that spelling dated to 1283 in R&W s.n Abbay).
As the College was unable to find examples of a person's byname that referred to an abbey name and included both the name of the abbey and the word Abbey, we have changed his name to Nicholas de Wauerley to meet his request for authenticity.
Submitted as Ragnailt Morgane, the submitter requested authenticity for 14th to 15th C Irish and allowed minor changes. Ragnailt is the Middle Irish (c. 900 to c. 1200) form of this name. We have changed it to the Early Modern Irish (c1200-c1600) form Raghnailt in order to partially meet the submitter's request for authenticity. Morgane was documented as a Scots surname derived from Welsh. Lacking evidence that it was used in 14th to 15th C Irish Gaelic, we were unable to make this name fully authentic for the submitter's desired time and culture.
These birds are conjoined in annulo. The only conjoining is where the beak of each bird touches the tail of the bird in front of it. This emblazon thus meets the objections stated in the previous return. The outline of the group is somewhat more triangular than round, because the birds have straight backs, but this is an acceptable group of birds conjoined in annulo.
Her previous alternate name, Teodora Orsini, is released.
The question was raised whether the name Subetai is unique to the 13th C Mongol general. Orle provided evidence of other people with this name:
Boyle(Rasid-al-Din) page 27 gives Subedei as brother of Hulegu. Page 33 refers to the general as Subedai Bahadur. Cleaves page 262 refers to Subegei Bo'ol (a slave) son of Ogda Bo'ol; Sube'etei of the Uriangqad; and Sube'edei Ba'adur.
Given these examples, Subetai is not unique and may be registered.
Submitted as Tassach mac Tearlaich, Tassach is the name of a saint and so is registerable under the guidelines for registerability of saint's names (see the Cover Letter for the September 2001 LoAR for details).
Significant changes in spelling occured in Gaelic between Early Modern Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) and Modern Gaelic (c. 1700 to present). Tearlach is the Modern Gaelic form of this masculine given name (Black s.n. Tearlach). The corresponding byname form shown by Black (s.n. MacTarlich) is MacThearlaich. The Early Modern Gaelic form of the given name is Toirdhealbhach. The corresponding byname forms would be mac Toirdhealbhaigh and Mac Toirdhealbhaigh. The Middle Gaelic (c. 900 to c. 1200) form of this name is Tairdelbach (byname form: mac Tairdelbaig). Given this information, this name is registerable as Tassach mac Toirdhealbhaigh or as Tassach mac Tairdelbaig. As the earlier form is more visually similar to the submitted form, we have changed the byname to this form in order to register this name.
He has a letter of permission to conflict from Giles Chinaud, elsewhere in the Atlantia section of this LoAR.
Submitted under the name Uilliam FitzHenry.
Listed on the LoI as Vi{dt}arr Grimsson, the submitter requested authenticity for 9th to 11th C Norse. The Da'ud notation for the edh character, ð, is {dh}, not {dt}. We have added the accent to the í in the byname to follow the submitted documentation and to meet the submitter's request for authenticity.
Nice device!
There was some question whether this name conflicts with William Yonge, an 18th C English politician, who has his own entry in the Encyclopedia Britannica (1911 ed., s.n. SIR WILLIAM YONGE). RfS V.1.a.ii states that "Two bynames are significantly different if they look and sound significantly different. In general the addition or deletion of prepositions and articles is not significant. Additional restrictions apply to certain types of bynames as specified below." The additional restrictions defined are for bynames of relationship (RfS V.1.a.ii.(a)) and locative bynames (RfS V.1.a.ii.(b)). The bynames le Younger and Yonge are descriptive bynames. Therefore, only the requirement that the two bynames "look and sound significantly different" comes into play. Therefore, the question is whether Younger and Yonge look and sound significantly different. A similar level of difference exists between the given names Conor and Conn, which were ruled clear of each other:
It is a close call, but the extra syllable is just enough to bring this name clear of Conn MacNeill, registered 8/88. [Conor MacNeil, LoAR 01/96, A-Atenveldt]
Based on this ruling, the bynames le Younger and Yonge have just enough difference in look and sound to be clear.
Submitted as Ysabiau d'Augignac, the submitter requested authenticity for "1300 France" and allowed any changes. Dauzat & Rostaing (s.n. Augignac) dates the form Auguilhacum to 1365. From this Latin form, Siren provided the corresponding non-Latinized byname form, "So, it looks like a c. 1300 vernacular form of the byname would be <d'Augilhac>." We have changed the byname to this form to meet the submitter's request for authenticity.
Listed on the LoI as Ævarr inn viðf{o,}rli, the submitter requested authenticity for Viking culture. As both the form and the documentation included an accent on the first i in the byname, we have included that accent in the name.
Submitted as Álmhath Blárnach, the submitter requested authenticity for a 16th C (or so) Irish woman married to a Scottish man and allowed minor changes. No documentation was presented and none was found that Álmhath was a plausible period form of the documented Álmath. Lacking such evidence, it is not registerable. We have changed the given name to the documented form Álmath in order to register this name.
Blárnach was submitted as a byname referring to the town of Blarney in Ireland. In Gaelic, adjectival forms of placenames are used as descriptive bynames when the place referred to is a large area, such as a region/county (Conallach 'Tirconnell[-ish]'), province (Connachtach 'Connacht[-ish]'), or country (Saxanach 'English'). When referring to a smaller area, such as a town, village, or barony, the name of the place (in the genitive case) is used as a descriptive byname. Room (s.n. Blarney) gives the Gaelic form of this name as An Bhlarna 'the small field'. For some reason, Room seems to have left the accent off the 'a' (Blárna) in this entry, though he includes it in other placenames on the same page that are formed from the same root. Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn provided examples from Hogan's Onomasticon Goedelicum showing na Blárnan as the feminine genitive form of this phrase. As the feminine genitive form is the form that this placename would take in a woman's descriptive byname, Álmath na Blárnan is the grammatically correct form of this name in Gaelic. We have changed the byname to na Blárnan in order to register this name. Lacking evidence that Álmath continued to be used as late as the 16th C, we were unable to make this name authentic for the submitter's requested time and culture.
The submitter requested authenticity for 16th C Spanish. Evidence was found of fiera, meaning 'wild, as an animal' or 'wild animal', as a word used in Spanish in the 15th & 16th C. Given the descriptive bynames that have been found so far in Spanish, a byname meaning 'wild' is reasonable. However, as we were unable to find an example of la fiera used as a descriptive byname in period, we were unable to confirm that it is authentic for the submitter's requested time and culture.
Listed on the LoI as Anna von Regensburg, this name was submitted as Anya Von Regensberg and changed at Kingdom to match documented forms. Sommelier found information regarding the submitter's originally submitted given name:
The March 2000 LoAR noted "Listed on the Letter of Intent as Anna Mstislavlyaya, the forms listed Annya Mstislavlyaya and the submitter originally requested Anya. As Anya is a reasonable spelling variant of Annya, we are registering the originally requested form." Annya appears in "Yorkshire Given Names from 1379" by Talan Gwynek (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/yorkshire.html).
Given this information, Anya is registerable as an English feminine given name. As the submitter allows any changes, we have returned the given name to the submitted form Anya.
Submitted as Bjarki Bíldr, we have put the byname into lowercase in order to match the submitted documentation and to register this name.
Submitted as Brighid Mhor inghean uí Fhlaithbertaig, the submitter requested authenticity for 10th C Ireland and allowed any changes. As submitted, this name mixes Middle Irish (c. 900 to c. 1200) and Early Modern Irish (c. 1200 to c. 1700). In particular, the byname inghean uí Fhlaithbertaig combines the Early Modern Irish inghean uí with the Middle Irish Fhlaithbertaig, and so violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name phrase. The fully Middle Irish form of this name would be Brigit Mór ingen huí Fhlaithbertaig. We have changed the name to this form in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity.
Submitted as Constance Lisette, the submitter requested authenticity for "early France". Constance was cited from Withycombe. While Withycombe says that this name came into England from France, she does not say that Constance is the French form of this name. Morlet (vol. II, p. 36 s.n. Constancia) dates Constancia to various dates in the 10th and 11th C, and Constantia to various dates in the 11th and 12th C. We have changed the given name to Constancia to partially meet the submitter's request for authenticity.
Documentation was presented for Lisette as a feminine given name in French in 1528. The College found evidence of unmarked matronymic bynames (bynames that indicate a mother's name) in French. Therefore, Lisette can be interpreted as a matronymic byname in this name. Lacking evidence that Lisette was used in early France, we were unable to make this name completely authentic for the submitter's requested time and culture.
We have used the blazon phrase in pale to indicate that the thistle and tower are co-primary charges. The blazon A thistle proper issuant from a tower sable implies that the thistle would be a maintained charge.
Please advise the submitter to draw fewer and larger engrailings.
Submitted under the name Jardine Mac Enlea.
Listed on the LoI as Emma Wulfwinedoghter, this name was submitted as Emma Wulfwinesdoghter and changed at Kingdom to follow examples of bynames found in Reaney & Wilson. The submitter requested authenticity for 7th to 11th C Anglo-Saxon and allowed any changes. Emma Wulfwinedoghter is a Middle English form of this name. The Old English form of this name is Emma Wulfwinesdohtor. We have made this change to meet the submitter's request for authenticity.
Listed on the LoI as Emrys ap Tudur, this name was submitted as Emrys Tudur and changed at Kingdom (with the submitter's consent) to make the byname a patronymic rather than an inherited surname. As noted in the October 2002 LoAR (Rhonwen verch Tuder, Middle acceptances):
Evidence has been found that Welsh forms of Tudor (specifically Tuder and Tedder) were not limited to the royal family. [...] Given these examples, the Welsh forms Tuder and Tedder fall into the same category as Stewart (used as an example in RfS VI.1). Since use of these forms "does not link one unmistakably to the royal house" (RfS V1.1), they are registerable.
The LoI noted that Reaney & Wilson (p. 456 s.n. Tudor) dates Tudur ap Llywelyn to 1391, which gives support for the submitted spelling as a Welsh form. Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn's article "A Simple Guide to Constructing 16th Century Welsh Names (in English Contexts)" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/tangwystyl/welsh16.html) shows examples of Welsh patronymic bynames that omit the particle (in this case, ap). Given this information, we have returned this name to the submitted form.
Some commenters mentioned a possible issue of presumption due the combination of the name and the device. According to their research, there is a story of Merlin seeing a vision of a battle between red and white dragons in a pool, symbolizing the struggle between the Saxons and the Britons. Merlin was also known as Ambrose or Emrys. The LoAR of August 1992 stated:
For those names that are well documented as period human names, that also happen to be the names of gods, one armorial allusion to the god will no longer be considered excessive.
This precedent has been extended to mythological figures other than deities. Since Emrys is a period given name, one allusion is not presumptuous, and may be accepted.
The submitter requested authenticity for 15th to 16th C Scots and allowed no changes. Franchesca is her legal given name. Lacking evidence that Franchesca was used in Scotland in period, we were unable to suggest forms of this name authentic for the submitter's requested time and culture.
The submitter's previous device, Gules, in pale a lion's head cabossed environed of a pair of wings displayed and a lion's head, cabossed and inverted, environed of a pair of wings, displayed and inverted, all Or, is retained as a badge.
Good name!
Submitted as Josserand de Troyes, there was some question whether Josserand was used as a given name in period. Clarion found that Arval Benicoeur's "article 'French Names from two 13th Century Chronicles' lists two examples of Josserand". This article lists modern forms. Arval provided the following information regarding the name Josserand: "<Josserant> appears [for] two individuals in Jean de Joinville, Histoire de Saint Louis, M. Natalis de Wailly, ed. (Paris, 1874), chapter 275". We have changed Josserand to the form documented as a given name in period in order to register this name.
Listed on the LoI as Kýlan Magnússon, this name was submitted as Kylan Magnusson. Old Norse names are registerable with accents used consistently or omitted consistently. Therefore, we have returned this name to the submitted form, which did not include any accents.
Submitted as Lucius of Alexandria, the submitter requested authenticity for 600 A.D. and allowed any changes. We have changed the byname of Alexandria to the Latin form that would appear in a man's name in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity.
Listed on the LoI as Máirgrég ingen Dubhghaill, this name was submitted as Máirgreg ingen Dubgall and changed at Kingdom to add the second accent to the given name to match documented forms and to correct the grammar in the byname. However, the modified form of the byname is in violation of RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name phrase, because it combines ingen, which is a Middle Irish Gaelic (c. 900 to c. 1200) form, with Dubhghaill, which is an Early Modern Irish Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form. A fully Middle Irish form of this byname is ingen Dubgaill, which is only one character different from the originally submitted form. We have changed the byname to this form in order to register this name. A fully Early Modern Irish form of this name would be Máirghréad inghean Dubhghaill.
Her previous name, Mary of Mull, is released.
Listed on the LoI as Matthias de Maldegem, this name was submitted as Mathias de Maldegem and changed at Kingdom (with the submitter's agreement) to match documented English examples of this name. The submitter requested authenticity for 14th C France. Aryanhwy merch Catmael noted that "<Mathias Nouel> is found in [her article] 'Names Found in Commercial Documents from Bordeaux, 1470-1520' (http://www.sit.wisc.edu/~sfriedemann/names/bordeaux.htm)". Additionally, Marie-Therese Morlet, Etude d'anthroponymie picarde, les noms de personne en Haute Picardie aux XIIIe, XIVe, XVe siecles (p. 20) lists an instance of Mathias in the time period of 1300 to 1399. Therefore, we have changed the given name to Mathias, as noted by Aryanhwy, to meet the submitter's request for authenticity.
This emblazon is drawn with a chevron of a slightly greater than a 90 degree angle. As a result, this field as drawn is indistinguishable from quarterly because the chevron overlies the parts of the line of division that would allow one to distinguish this field from a quarterly field. However, we have preserved the original per pale and per chevron blazon, because if the chevron were drawn with a steeper angle and the field were blazoned as quarterly, one could see the center of the quarterly field under the bottom of the chevron, and that would not match this design.
Submitted as Nikolai Demonov, Demonov was submitted as a patronymic byname formed from the given name Demon', which is dated to 1330 in Wickenden (3rd ed., p. 64 s.n. Demon'). Nebuly noted an issue with the byname:
The patronym is formed from the name Demon' - note the soft mark (written as an apostrophe) at the end of the name (Wickenden, p237). If I understand Wickenden's summary of Russian grammar correctly, this means that the final consonant in the name is soft, and would take an -ev in the genitive to make Nikolai Demon'ev.
Rouge Scape (Paul Wickenden of Thanet) confirmed that "Demon' would create a patronymic like Demonev or Demon'ev". Therefore, in order to register this name, we have changed this byname to Demonev, as that is the closer of the two correct byname forms to the submitted Demonov.
There was some question whether this submission conflicted with Robert Alderson Wright, Lord of Durley (1869-1964), a notable English judge. As he does not have his own entry in a general encyclopedia, he is not important enough to protect.
Her previous device, Sable, in fess a drinking horn bendwise and a flower of four heart-shaped petals saltirewise argent, barbed vert, seeded sable, within a bordure argent surmounted by another vert, is retained as a badge.
The previous blazon, Argent, a chevron fracted vert and in base a trillium purpure barbed vert, did not follow the SCA default for trillium flowers. See this month's cover letter for details.
Submitted as Valeria Tertia of Alexandria, the submitter requested authenticity for the 1st C A.D. and allowed any changes. We have changed the byname of Alexandria to the Latin form that would appear in a woman's name in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity.
Submitted under the name Alianora de Grey, that name was returned in the August 2002 LoAR.
Submitted under the name Hashimoto Arihiro.
Submitted under the name Avraham ben David.
Submitted under the name Seona ferch Angharad.
The device does not conflict with a badge of the Kingdom of Caid, Per fess embattled azure and argent, two mullets of four points and a comet fesswise, head to sinister, counterchanged. There is one CD for changing the number of the charges in the group. There is a second CD for changing the type and tincture of the primary charge(s) on one side of the line of division, even though that portion of the primary group is only one quarter of the group, per the following precedent from the November 1995 LoAR:
There is ... a CD for the change to the field and another for changing the type and tincture of the primary charge group on one side of the line of division, even though numerically this is not "one half" of the primary charge group. For a fuller discussion of this precedent granting a CD for two changes to charges on one side of a line of division even when less than half the charge group is affected, see the December 21, 1991 Cover Letter (with the November 1991 LoAR).
This situation arises very rarely aside from the well-known situation concerning the bottommost of a group of three charges two and one, which has its own different set of controlling precedents. The cited precedent appears to have remained in force; the registration history shows that this precedent has neither been overruled nor passively ignored.
Submitted under the name Cassandra of Wolf's Rock.
Submitted as Celestria de Celtanhomme, the submitter requested authenticity for "English/Norman" and allowed minor changes. Celtenhomme is the dative case of the Old English name for Cheltenham. No documentation was presented and none was found that Celtanhomme is a plausible variant of the documented Celtenhomme. Lacking evidence that the form Celtanhomme is plausible in period, it is not registerable.
As an Old English placename in the dative case, Celtenhomme is not grammatically compatible with de, which is Latin and which does not take a dative case. We have changed this byname to the fully Old English form of Celtenhomme in order to register this name. In Old English bynames, of is followed by the dative case of a placename, so of Celtenhomme is grammatically correct.
The submitter requested authenticity for "English/Norman". Ekwall (p. 99 s.n. Cheltenham) dates Chilteham to 1156. Celestria de Chilteham would be an authentic form of this name for her desired time and culture. However, changing the language of the byname from Old English to Middle English is a major change, which the submitter does not allow.
A cross crescenty has each arm ending in a crescent with its horns pointing outwards. "While a cross crescenty is not, to the best of our knowledge, a period cross, it follows the pattern of period crosses, and is, therefore, registerable" (LoAR November 1998)
Submitted as Cellach inghean ui Dubhthaigh, the byname was not lenited as required by Gaelic grammar. We have made this correction.
Submitted as Charles Rodney McIam, no documentation was presented and none was found that McIam is a plausible period variant of the Scots (a language closely related to English) byname McJames. Additionally, no support was found for Iam as a period form of James in Scotland. Black (p. 520 s.n. MacJames) dates Alexander McJames to 1529, Johannes McJamis doy to 1537, and William McJames to 1602. As the submitter allows any changes, we have changed the submitted byname to the documented form McJames in order to register this name.
The documentation for Rodney shows Rodney to be a surname derived from an English placename. No support was found for Rodney as a given name in period. No evidence was found to support a construction [given name] [English surname] [Scots Mc-style byname]. Therefore, in order to register this name, we have changed this name to use Rodney as a placename since [given name] [byname] of [placename] is documented for both English and Scots. Charles Rodney and Charles McJames would also be registerable forms of this name.
Submitted as Christiane Janssoen, the LoI documented Janssoen with the statement "Dutch name found at www.panix.com/~mittle/names/german.shtml off of a collection of Dutch trade names. (Copies provided)". This is not an adequate summarization of the submitted documentation. The page cited is a list of links to name articles. The statement in the LoI does not indicate which of the numerous articles linked on this page was the article used to document this name.
Aryanhwy merch Catmael provided an evaluation of this name:
<Christiane> is a feminine name; she cannot be Jan's son. Appropriate feminine forms of the byname are <Jansdochter> 1478-81, <Jansdochtere> 1478-81, and <Jansz. Dochter> 1478, all from "15th C Dutch Names" (http://www.sit.wisc.edu/~sfriedemann/names/dutch15.htm). <Christiane> is an English or Scots form of the name. Evidence that I have for the name used in the Low Countries is the Dutch pet form <Stincken> (a pet form) 1478-81 (same source as above) and the Latin form <Cristine> from "Dutch Names in Latin Context, 1542" (http://www.sit.wisc.edu/~sfriedemann/names/latin-dutch.htm); <Christine> or <Christina> looks to be a reasonable vernacular form, based on "Flemish Names from Bruges, 1400-1600" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/docs/bruges/). <Christine Jansdochter> would be a fully Dutch form of the name, <Christiane Johnson> would be a fully English form. Reaney & Wilson s.n. Johnson date this form to 1379.
Current evidence shows that Dutch bynames were literal in period. Since a woman cannot be anyone's son, the byname Janssoen is not registerable with a feminine given name. As the submitter allowed any changes and indicated that sound was most important to her, we have changed this to the fully English form Christiane Johnson in order to register this name.
Please advise the submitter to draw the bear larger.
Submitted under the name Liath of Argyll.
Submitted under the name Diana Spartene.
There was some question regarding whether Elkanah was used in period, since the only dated example provided for this name was a reference to a person born in 1642. J. W. Garrett-Pegge, A Transcript of the First Volume, 1538-1636, of the Parish Register of Chesham, Buckingham County (p. 59) lists Elcanah as the name given to a child at baptism on May 28, 1587, showing that this was one of the Biblical names that came into use after the Reformation. The same source (p. 225) also records the marriage of Elkanah Gladman on December 5, 1626.
This name combines the Hungarian feminine given name Ersebet with an otherwise Italian name. There was considerable discussion regarding the registerability of such a mix. A name including Hungarian and Italian elements has previously been ruled to be registerable:
[Ileana Welgy] While Ileana is not a Hungarian name, it can be found in De Felice's book on Italian given name. Venice controlled extensive territory on the east coast of the Adriatic in late period, sharing a border with Hungary. Since Kázmér includes a number of names apparently derived from Italian, an Italian/Hungarian name is acceptable under our rules. However, it must follow the standard practice of having the given name first. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR August 1998)
The Cover Letter of the August 1999 LoAR includes a discussion entitled "Mixed language names". This discussion describes different levels of contact between cultures. Of these, the level that best fits contact between Italian and Hungarian according to current evidence is:
The second category is when names mixes elements of two cultures that have significant contact, but we have little or no evidence of mixed names, for example, Scots and Italian. The rule III.1 allows such names although the lack of evidence indicates that these mixed names were exceedingly rare at best.
Lingual mixes that fall into the second category, such as Hungarian and Italian, are registerable, though they carry a weirdness. As this is the only weirdness in this name, it is registerable.
Submitted under the name Freidrich der Hirsch aus Bremen.
Submitted as Geoffrey DeCardeville, no documentation was presented and none was found for De- added to the beginning of a placename in this manner. We have changed this byname to the standard form de Cardeville in order to register this name.
This is clear of Geoffrei de Courville (registered August 1979). The additional syllable in Cardeville versus Courville is sufficient change in both the sound and appearance of this name element.
Good name!
As submitted, Gordon was only documented as a surname. To be used with of, Gordon would need to be documented as a placename. Fortunately, the College found such documentation. Kraken stated:
The LoI does not show that Gordon is a placename, which is necessary if the byname is to be of Gordon as desired. Reaney & Wilson provides the needed evidence, noting the town of Gordon in Berwickshire and citing Richer de Gordun (d.1160).
Given this information, the byname of Gordon is registerable. As previously stated, "[p]lease make sure the submitter understands that the byname is not a patronymic; it is a toponymic, 'of Gordon', the latter being a place" (James o' Gordon, October, 1993, pg. 1).
Good name!
Submitted under the name Isabella de Luna.
Submitted as Judur Amat al-Wahid, this name included only two feminine given names (Judur and Amat al-Wahid), which has previously been reason for return. al-Jamal explains:
"Devotional" names like 'Abd al-X and Amat al-X are used even today (the founder of modern Saudi Arabia was 'Abd al-Aziz ibn Sa'ud) as or in place of an 'ism, a given name. As a consequence, the submitted name here effectively strings two names together, in a way that does not appear to have been done in Arabic. "None of the Arabic-speaking peoples seems to have used double given names, and this practice has been grounds for return in the past (Nasr Hasan ibn Muhammad Abdullaziz, Calontir, 11/93 LoAR)." (Ja'mala Junaida al-Badawi, 10/95 p. 17) The simplest and least intrusive fix would be to make her the daughter of someone called servant of the Unique, or Judur bint 'Abd al-Wahid.
As she allows any changes, we have changed this name to the form suggested by al-Jamal in order to register this name. Lacking evidence that matronymic bynames (bynames indicating a mother's name) were used in Arabic, they have previously been ruled unregisterable. Therefore, Judur bint 'Abd al-Wahid, meaning 'Judur daughter of [a man named] 'Abd al-Wahid', is registerable, whereas Judur bint Amat al-Wahid, meaning 'Judur daughter of [a woman named] Amat al-Wahid', would not be.
The sprig was originally blazoned as mistletoe. Mistletoe has small oval shaped leaves and berries. This sprig has the classic spiky leaves of a holly plant, and we have reblazoned it accordingly.
Submitted as Madeleine Rose DeCardeville, no documentation was presented and none was found for De- added to the beginning of a placename in this manner. We have changed this byname to the standard form de Cardeville in order to register this name.
Submitted as Marianna di Florenza, the particle used in locative bynames in Italian is da, not di. We have made this change. Florenza was documented from Maridonna Benvenuti's article "Mercator's Place Names of Italy in 1554: Central Italy" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/maridonna/mercator/center.html). The question was raised during commentary whether Florenza was a typo for Fiorenza. Maridonna rechecked this placename on the map she used for her source and found that the placename does indeed say Fiorenza rather than Florenza. We have changed the name to match this documented form.
Submitted as Michael de Safita, Safita is the name of a castle and a nearby town in Syria. No evidence was found that Safita is in a language that uses de. RfS III.1.a requires that a name phrase use a single language. Lacking evidence that de Safita is in a single language, we have changed the byname to of Safita. RfS III.1.a also states that "[i]n the case of place names and other name elements frequently used in English in their original form, an English article or preposition may be used. For example, of Aachen might be used instead of the purely German von Aachen." As Safita appears in English in this form, of Safita is registerable under this allowance in RfS III.1.a. We have, therefore, changed the byname to of Safita in order to register the name.
Nice device!
This name was submitted as Neathery de Safita. Neathery is the submitter's legal given name. A question arose whether the given name Neathery is excessively obtrusively modern, and so would not be registerable, even under the Legal Name Allowance. Neathery is an English byname used as a given name, along the same lines as Ashley and Wesley. As it is not excessively obtrusively modern on the same level as the example of Moon Unit, it is registerable.
Safita is the name of a castle and a nearby town in Syria. No evidence was found that Safita is in a language that uses de. RfS III.1.a requires that a name phrase use a single language. Lacking evidence that de Safita is in a single language, we have changed the byname to of Safita. RfS III.1.a also states that "[i]n the case of place names and other name elements frequently used in English in their original form, an English article or preposition may be used. For example, of Aachen might be used instead of the purely German von Aachen." As Safita appears in English in this form, of Safita is registerable under this allowance in RfS III.1.a. We have, therefore, changed the byname to of Safita in order to register the name.
Her previous name, Osanna d'Argentan, is released.
This submission does not conflict with the protected non-SCA badge of the Staffords, A Stafford knot. There is one CD for tincturelessness and another for the type difference between a pretzel and a Stafford knot: "...after consideration, we feel that there is significant, although not substantial, difference between a Stafford knot and this depiction of a pretzel, as the pretzel is knotted differently from a Stafford knot" (LoAR of April 2001). This pretzel is drawn identically to the one in the April 2001 precedent.
The group of charges around the bend is not considered to be a group of three unlike charges (which would be overly complex by RfS VIII.1.a):
[considering a strung bow and arrow along with another charge] The question was raised as to whether or not this is considered slot machine since it has three dissimilar charges in one group. While it is true that it has three charges, when a bow and arrow are in their standard, expected position they are considered one charge, just like a sword in a scabbard is considered one charge. It is only when they are separated, or put into non standard positions for their normal use, such as being crossed in saltire, that they become two separate charges. (LoAR April 1999 p. 6)
His previous name, Rory de Graham, is released.
Submitted as Ruarrc the Blind, the documentation shows the form Ruarcc, not Ruarrc. No evidence was found to support Ruarrc as a variant of the period Ruarcc. Lacking such evidence, it is not registerable. We have changed this name to the documented form in order to register this name.
This does not conflict with the important non-SCA flags of both Monaco and Indonesia, Per fess gules and argent. This submission could equally well be blazoned Per fess barry argent and azure, and argent. Viewing this piece of armory and the flags as field-only armory, we have one change for changing the division of the field, and another for changing the tincture of half the field.
Listed on the LoI as Sadhbha ui Cearbhall, this name was submitted as Saidhbhin ui Cearbhaill and changed at Kingdom, as no documentation could be found for Saidhbhin. The submitter requested authenticity for 12th C Irish and allowed any changes. No documentation was presented and none was found that either Saidhbhin or Sadhbha were used in period. Lacking such evidence, they are not registerable.
Additionally, the byname was improperly constructed. The particle ui is the genitive of ua, which literally translates as 'grandson' and which later (most recognizably in the form Ó) came to mean 'male descendant of'. Bynames were used literally in Gaelic in period. Since a woman cannot be a grandson or a male descendant, her byname would take the form ingen uí [X], which means 'daughter of [a man whose byname is] ua [X]'. This form later came to have the meaning 'female descendant of'.
A fully Middle Irish (c. 900 to c. 1200) form of this name would be Sadb ingen uí Cherbaill. We have changed the name to this form in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity and to register this name.
Her previous name, Nika Nikievna, is released.
The submitter's former device, Per pale and per chevron, sable and argent, in chief two wolves combattant counterchanged, a bordure gules, is retained as a badge.
Submitted as Úna inghen ui Griffin, the submitter requested authenticity for Irish and allowed any changes. Her forms indicated that the meaning 'Una, daughter of Clan Griffin' was most important to her. The submitted byname inghen ui Griffin combined the Gaelic inghen ui with the English or Anglicized Irish Griffin, and so violated RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency within a name phrase. Additionally, Gaelic names are registerable if accents are used or omitted consistently. We have changed this to the fully Early Modern Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form Úna inghean uí Ghríobhtha in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity and to register this name.
Submitted under the name Maelona ferch Gareth.
Drachenwald has a letter of permission to conflict from the East Kingdom, which registered the order name Queen's Order of Courtesy in February 1982.
Branch references, such as of Drachenwald, are transparent for conflict purposes. Therefore, in normal circumstances, the order name Queen's Order of Courtesy of Drachenwald would conflict with the East Kingdom's Queen's Order of Courtesy, since no difference is given for the addition of of Drachenwald because it is a branch reference. Previous precedent has ruled that the addition of a branch reference, in conjuction with a letter of permission to conflict, is enough to clear conflict (Kingdom of Caid, The Order of the White Scarf of Caid, registered September 1997; Barony of Aneala, Order of the Golden Swan of Aneala, registered July 1999).
The previous blazon, (Tinctureless) Two straight trumpets in saltire between four trilliums, did not follow the SCA default for trillium flowers. These flowers are radially disposed. Each flower has one of its three equally spaced petals pointed towards the center of the escutcheon. See this month's cover letter for details. Trilliums in their default posture would all have one petal pointing to base (so that the petals of each trillium would be in pall).
The previous blazon, Argent, a sword sable debruised by a chevron cotised gules bearing three trillium flowers argent, seeded Or, barbed vert, in canton a laurel wreath proper, did not follow the SCA default for trillium flowers. See this month's cover letter for details.
Submitted as Aifric ben mhic Fhearghuis, the submitter requested authenticity for the Scottish Highlands in 1575 and allowed minor changes. Aryanhwy merch Catmael provided information on the given name Aifric. Specifically, the article cited for this name "has been removed from the web and superceded by [Effrick neyn Kenneoch's article] 'Scottish Gaelic Given Names' (http://www.medievalscotland.org/scotnames/gaelicgiven/). While there is no Scottish Gaelic evidence for <Aifric> in Scotland, there is other linguistic evidence for the name. According to the sub-section on the name, (draft dated 06Nov01), the probable pre c1200 spelling is <Affraic>, and the probable post c1200 spelling is <Afraig>". We have changed the given name to the form Afraig in order to match the submitter's requested time period.
As submitted, the byname ben mhic Fhearghuis 'wife of [a man whose byname is] mac Fearghuis' combined the Middle Gaelic (c. 900 to c. 1200) ben with the Early Modern Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) mhic Fhearghuis and, so, violated RfS III.1.a which requires linguistic consistency in a name phrase. We have changed the byname to the completely Early Modern Gaelic form bean mhic Fhearghuis in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity and to register this name.
The submitter requested authenticity for the 16th C in the "Scots lowlands, Moray firth area" and will accept minor changes. Regarding changes, the LoI notes that "she will not accept the English or Scots equivalent given name ('no Catherine/Katherine, please')". Given her stated preference, we have left her given name in the submitted Gaelic form.
An authentic name combining these elements would have been written all in Gaelic or all in Scots depending upon the language of the document in which the name was recorded. Aryanhwy merch Catmael found a number of Scots forms of Caitriona. We are including that information here as a courtesy to the submitter.
<Caitriona> is a Gaelic form, not appropriate for 16th C Scottish Lowlands. Talan's "A List of Feminine Personal Names Found in Scottish Records" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/talan/scottishfem/) lists the following 16th C Scots forms of <Katherine>:
Katherine 1512, 1542, 1564; Katheryne 1509; Kathrine 1589; Katrina 1548; Katrine 1512; Katryne 1528; Catharine 1549, 1571; Catrina 1551
This last one corresponds the closest in sound and spelling to the submitted <Caitriona>.
Of the forms Aryanhwy found, both Katrina and Catrina have the same pronunciation as the period Gaelic pronunciation for Caitriona.
The Letter of Intent stated that this badge was intended for the joint use of the Barony of Concordia of the Snows and the Shire of Bergental. The Administrative Handbook only allows joint registration by two individuals - branches may not participate in a joint registration. To quote from section II.D.3, "Badges may be registered by an individual, by two individuals jointly, or by a Society branch." There is no administrative ambiguity about which branch should be registering this badge, as the paperwork received by the Laurel office only refers to the Barony of Concordia of the Snows, with no reference to the Shire of Bergental.
Please advise the submitters that the tyger should be drawn completely on the gauntlet. Tertiary charges which partially overlie the field are reason for return, but the overlap here is so diminutive (two places at the very edges of the charge) that artistic advice to the submitter is preferable to return.
Submitted as Eadwenna æt Hræfnhyrst, the submitter requested authenticity for 9th to 10th C Saxon and allowed any changes. Metron Ariston provided commentary on Old English forms of this name appropriate for the submitter's desired period:
Withycombe (Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names , s.n. Edwina) says the feminine form is "a modern f. name formed from Edwin". The citation of the name of the mother of Saint Godric in several sources as Edwenna (NOT Eadwenna) is from a twentieth-century English translation by Coulton of the life of the saint written by Reginald of Durham. The original life of Godric does not appear to have been in English (cf. the notes in Farmer, Oxford Dictionary of Saints , s.n. Godric) and this form would appear indeed to be a backformation. Selten (Anglo-Saxon Heritage in Middle English Personal Names, Vol. II, p. 74) shows the basic Old English form of the masculine as Eadwine and (ibid., p. 75) shows the much rarer feminine Old English form as Eadwynn. [...] I would expect the place name to appear as Hræfneshyrst based on the examples (compound and simple) in Hall's Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary. Moreover, the preposition æt takes the dative [case] so I would also expect the modification to meet the demands of grammar. As a whole, to meet the demands of documented forms and Old English grammar the name should be Eadwynn æt Hræfneshyrste.
Lacking evidence that Eadwenna is a plausible period form of Eadwynn, it is not registerable. We have changed this name to the form suggested by Metron Ariston to register this name and to meet the submitter's request for authenticity.
Submitted as Eibhlin Macewan of Kynblathmund, the submitter requested authenticity for a woman with an Irish Gaelic mother and a Scottish father. An authentic name combining these elements would have been written all in Gaelic or all in an Anglicized form depending upon the language of the document in which the name was recorded. Since no evidence has yet been found of locative bynames used in Scottish Gaelic except as part of chiefly titles, the most likely completely Gaelic form of this name would be Eibhlin inghean mhic Eoghainn. Evelyn Macewan of Kynblathmund would be the completely Anglicized form of this name. As the Anglicized form is closer to the submitted form than the Gaelic form, we have changed this name to the completely Anglicized form in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity.
Please advise the submitter to draw the pale couped with at least three raguly repeats on each side.
Please advise the submitter to draw the bend sinister line issuing from the exact sinister chief corner of the shield.
Her previous primary names, Séadach Dubháilceach (registered May 1994 via the East) and Siobhan Foirbeis of Lonichan (registered August 1990 via the East), are released.
The submitter requested authenticity for 15th C France and allowed no changes to the given name. The College was unable to find evidence of any form of the name Isabel that ended in a used in 15th C France. Aryanhwy merch Catmael's article "French Names from Paris, 1423 & 1438" (http://www.sit.wisc.edu/~sfriedemann/names/paris1423.htm) lists Ysabeau. Colm Dubh's article "An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html) lists Isabelot, Ysabel la plastrière, Ysabelon la fille Sarre, Ysabiau la clopine, and Ysabelot la verrière. Argent Snail found a reference to Isabella in Marie-Therese Morlet, Etude d'anthroponymie picarde, les noms de personne en Haute Picardie aux XIIIe, XIVe, XVe siecles (p. 22 s.n. Isabella):
[This source] has Isabella, Isabelle, but is unclear as to where these are found in the period from 1200-1499. She says: Isabella, Isabelle, Isabiau, Yzabiaul have 26 citations between 1200-1299, 36 between 1300-1399, and 6 between 1400-1499. She does not say which forms are found when.
Given this information, we were unable to confirm that this name is authentic for her requested time and culture.
His previous blazon, Sable, a trillium between three cranes volant in annulo addorsed Or, did not follow the SCA default for trillium flowers. See this month's cover letter for details.
The dog was originally blazoned as a Bouvier de Flandres but that is a modern breed. The Zuricher Wappenrolle shows a dog much like this one, stocky, fuzzy, with short pointed ears and a short tail, for the family of Toggenburg. Pastoureau blazons this dog simply as a chien (or dog) in Traité d'Heraldique. It thus seems appropriate to register this very similar-looking dog simply as a dog.
Please advise the submitter to draw the compass stars larger.
The submitter requested authenticity for Scottish Gaelic and allowed minor changes. The byname of the Valley is English. Lacking evidence that any form of this byname was used in Gaelic, we were unable to make this name authentic for the submitter's desired language/culture.
Submitted as Leod Dubh, the submitter requested authenticity for Scottish Gaelic and allowed minor changes. We have added the accent to the given name to meet the submitter's request for authenticity.
Her previous blazon, Vert, on a roundel between five trillium flowers argent a wyvern volant contourny sable, did not follow the SCA default for trillium flowers. See this month's cover letter for details.
Her previous blazon, Azure, a trillium flower Or and on a chief triangular argent three roses in fess proper, did not follow the SCA default for trillium flowers. See this month's cover letter for details.
Good name!
Nice device, which goes well with his German name.
We have reblazoned the fish from a pike fish to a dolphin. A heraldic pike is longer and thinner with a pointed snout. This charge has the standard fins, proportions, and embowed-counterembowed posture of a heraldic dolphin as it would usually be drawn in England.
Good name!
The previous blazon, (Fieldless) A dandelion of four flowers and four leaves proper, did not adequately reflect that this is a dandelion plant, rather than a simple flower slipped and leaved.
Submitted as Scheherazade al-Zahir, Scheherazade is her legal given name.
The submitted form of the byname al-Zahir is a masculine form. Arabic descriptive bynames must match the gender of the given name. As the name Scheherazade is feminine, we have changed the byname to the feminine form al-Zahira in order to register this name.
His previous blazon, Argent, a trillium inverted purpure barbed vert and seeded Or, did not follow the SCA default for trillium flowers. See this month's cover letter for details.
Submitted as Seán Ó Súilleabháin Beer, Ó Súilleabháin Beer is a single compound clan name that denotes a particular branch of the O'Sullivan family. The submitted form combines the Gaelic Ó Súilleabháin with the Anglicized Irish Beer, and so violates RfS III.1.a which requires linguistic consistency in a name phrase. We have changed this byname to the fully Gaelic form Ó Súilleabháin Beirre, found in entry M1580.19 of the "Annals of the Four Masters", vol. 5, (http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/G100005E/), in order to register this name and to meet the submitter's request that the byname be translated entirely into Gaelic.
This name was submitted as three given names and a locative byname. No documentation has been presented and none has been found supporting the use of three given names in German. Lacking such evidence, three given names are not registerable in German. Since patronymic bynames in German were sometimes formed simply by using the father's given name, Joder can be viewed as a patronymic byname. Therefore, this name is registerable as two given names, a patronymic byname, and a locative byname.
Please advise the submitter to take greater care in drawing the ear of wheat, clearly separating the kernels and drawing the "wheat beard" (the thin hair coming out of the tip of each kernel). As drawn, this comes dangerously close to being interpreted as a feather.
We have reblazoned the device to show that it consists of a group of equally-sized primary charges arranged two and one. There were some questions in the commentary about the way in which the charges were arranged. Because all three charges are longer vertically than horizontally, it is a reasonable artistic choice to draw them so that the bottom part of the chiefmost charges is alongside the top part of the basemost charge.
This does not conflict with Juturna de Parma, Vert, on a pale endorsed argent three roundels vert. There is one CD for changing the type of secondary charge from endorses to musical notes. There is a second CD by RfS X.4.j.ii for substantially changing the type of charge from roundels to gouttes. A correctly drawn goutte, with a long wavy tail, is substantially different from a roundel.
Submitted as Snorri Hrafnauga Hrólfsson, we have lowercased the descriptive byname hrafnauga in order to use standard transliteration conventions. (See the Cover Letter for the October 2002 LoAR for more information.)
Submitted as Tam Surrell, no evidence was found that Surrell is a plausible period name. Reaney & Wilson (p. 411 s.n. Sirdifield) give Surrell as the fourth header form in this entry. In most cases, header forms are registerable because they are plausible period variants of the name in question. In this case, the entry in Reaney & Wilson dates Richard de Surdeval to 1086, Robert de Surdeuall' to 1197, John Sowrdewall to 1488, and Richard Surwald to 1516. It is important to note that all of these forms retain the d, which does not support Surrell as a period form. As Surwald is the closest of the forms dated in Reaney & Wilson to the submitted Surrell, we have changed the byname to this form in order to register this name.
Submitted as Þóra Eiriksdóttir, Old Norse names are registerable if accents are used consistently or omitted consistently. We have added the missing accent to the byname in order to register this name.
Submitted as Thóra Ottarsdóttir, the submitter requested authenticity for Norse. Old Norse names are registerable if accents are used consistently or omitted consistently. We have added the missing accent to the byname in order to register this name. We have changed the Th in the given name to use the thorn character, Þ, in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity.
Her previous name, Tryphena Locke of Wolfswood, is released.
The submitter's previous device, Or, three closed fetterlocks in bend sable, is retained as a badge.
Submitted as Tyrvi Úlfkellsson, the patronymic byname derived from the masculine given name Úlfkell is Úlfkelsson, not Úlfkellsson. We have made this correction.
There was some question whether this name conflicts with Ugolino Gonzaga, an member of the Gonzaga dynasty, since Ugolino is a diminutive of Ugo. While Ugolino Gonzaga is mentioned in the Encyclopædia Britannica article on the Gonzaga dynasty, Ugolino was not a ruling member of this family. Since he does not have his own entry in a general encyclopedia, he is not important enough to protect.
Her previous blazon, Azure, a pall inverted ermine between three trillium flowers argent, did not follow the SCA default for trillium flowers. See this month's cover letter for details.
Her previous blazon, Sable, a crescent inverted argent within an orle of trillium flowers Or, did not follow the SCA default for trillium flowers. See this month's cover letter for details.
Submitted as Eíbhlín inghean Fhearghuis, the submitter requested authenticity for 14th C Ireland and allowed minor changes. In Irish Gaelic at this time, the genitive form of Fearghus was Fearghusa rather than Fearghuis. The lenited form of Fearghusa is Fhearghusa. We have changed the byname to use this form in order to match the submitter's requested time period.
Submitted as Wolfram Jäger von Darmstadt, the submitter requested authenticity for 1300-1400 German and allowed any changes. Brechenmacher (s.n. Darmstädter) dates the form Darmesteder to 1334. As Darmesteder is the term for a person from this town, the corresponding form of this town name would be Darmested. We have changed the byname to use this form to meet the submitter's request for authenticity.
Her previous name, Böjei Timür, is released.
Submitted as Cecily Wytherlok', the submitter requested authenticity for 13th to 15th C English. The apostrophe in the submitted byname Wytherlok' represents a scribal abbreviation. Reaney & Wilson (p. 47 s.n. Blacklock) date Peter Blacloke to 1275, Adam Blaklok to 1332, and Robert Blaykelok to 1431. Based on these examples, unabbreviated forms of the submitted name would be Wytherlok and Wytherloke (which is likely the form abbreviated as Wytherlok'). Since we do not register scribal abbreviations, we have changed the byname to the first of these two forms, as it is the closer of the two to the submitted form, in order to register this name.
Submitted as Greylond of Dowglaß deGalloway, the submitter requested authenticity for late 12th - early 15th C "Scoto-Norman borderland" and allowed any changes. The forms also indicated that he is from the Douglas clan. No documentation was presented and none was found that two locative bynames, both containing particles, would be used in a name. We have dropped of and added a space between de and Galloway to follow documented forms of names recorded in Scots (a language closely related to English). Current research has not found evidence that clan affiliations were included in Scottish names. So, this name means that Dowglaß is his family name or inherited surname and that he is from Galloway.
Her previous blazon, Purpure semy of trilliums Or, a bear statant guardant contourny argent, did not follow the SCA default for trillium flowers. See this month's cover letter for details.
Note: Jason is his legal given name.
There was some question whether this name was a claim to be the daughter of Peter of Rostov (d. 1290), a Tartar prince and nephew of the khan, who is venerated by the Eastern Orthodox Church. As Peter does not have his own entry in a general encyclopedia, he is not important enough to protect, and so this name is not presumptuous.
The submitter requested authenticity for Polish. The documentation submitted indicates that Wilhelm "is dated to 1423 in the Slownik Staropolskich Nazw Osobowych [VI: 96]". (This source is often abbreviated as SSNO.) Aryanhwy merch Catmael inquired of several people regarding aspects of this name and SSNO in general. Among the commentary she passed on was information from Talan Gwynek, who explained that "some of the documents cited in SSNO are actually in German and use Germanized forms even of some native Polish names". Given this information, the example of Wilhelm that appears in SSNO may be from a German record of a Polish person. As we were unable to confirm that Wilhelm was actually used as a Polish form of William, we were unable to confirm that this name is authentic for Polish as requested by the submitter.
The Letter of Intent noted that the charge group on the device resembled the Carmichael crest, which (per Way of Plean and Squire's Scottish Clan and Family Encyclopedia) is A dexter hand and arm in pale armed and holding a broken spear Proper. Some commenters wondered if this would be a presumption problem in combination with the surname.
The September 2002 LoAR (Áedán mac Bheathain, Outlands acceptances) stated:
The Letter of Intent asked if there was a problem with the combination of this badge and a version of the [clan name] surname. Way of Plean and Squire's Scottish Clan and Family Encyclopedia, endorsed by the Convenor of the Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs, gives the [clan name] crest as [blazon] and the [clan name] badge as [blazon] as in the Crest within a chaplet of boxwood Proper.
In the Cover Letter for the March 1991 LoAR, it was ruled that "It has been decided that we will NOT check for conflicts against mundane crests". Therefore, we need only consider the [clan name] badge for possible pretense issues. The removal of the chaplet of boxwood makes it clear that no identity is being presumed.
In this case, the Carmichael badge is even less like the Carmichael crest than was the case in the previous ruling, as the crest and badge share no charges at all. The Carmichael badge is, A horse of war Argent furnished Gules within a circular wreath Azure and Gules.
It was suggested by some commenters that many Scottish clan books display the clan crest in a strap and buckle, and that this form might be familiar to the average SCA person, thus leading to presumption due to a combination of the name and armory (even though we do not generally protect crests). It is important to note that the clan books in question invariably display these crests within a strap and buckle. The insignia with the crest in a strap and buckle would presumably be the design that might cause a presumption "twitch" in the populace, not the design of a crest without the strap and buckle. We also hope that those who are so familiar with the contents of clan books that they might perceive possible presumption would also be familiar with the appropriate uses of clan crests and badges. It would not be real-world Scottish clan practice for a clan chief to display the clan crest on a field and use it as a device. Thus this is neither a use of insignia heraldically suggestive of rank, nor is it insignia which is so commonly seen by the populace as to cause offense. It is allusive, but not presumptuous.
Submitted as Aindrea Mac Pharlain, the submitter requested authenticity for 12th to 14th C Scottish and allowed any changes. On her form, the submitter indicated that she desired a female name. The LoI stated that "The client has been informed that 'Aindrea' is a man's name and so her request for the desired gender is not possible. She would prefer to keep the name spelled as it is".
The submitted byname Mac Pharlain is a Modern Gaelic (c. 1700 to present) form. The example of Malcolm Mcpharlane that the LoI noted was dated to 1385 in Black (s.n. MacFarlan) is a Scots form, not a Gaelic form. (Scots is a language closely related to English.) The Early Modern Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form of this name is Mac Parthaláin. We have changed the byname to this form in order to register this name and to meet the submitter's request for authenticity.
This submission uses a vert mount on an azure field, which violates RfS VIII.2 on armorial contrast. The submission was sent to Laurel under RfS VIII.6.a, the "Documented Exceptions" subclause concerning "General Exceptions". See the November 2002 LoAR for Kathws Rusa and Ileana Welgy, both in the Outlands returns section, for more discussion concerning requirements for such a documented exception to be acceptable.
As documentation for this submission, we have been provided with an article "Materials in support of the case for the trimount", assembled by Erasimierz Waspanieski as documentation for a December 1993 submission. The documentation does a good job of documenting the specific practice of a green mount on an azure field, so that the exception is indeed "in the exact form of the proposed armory". The particular color combination of green mount or trimount on blue is found in almost half of the examples. While most of the examples are of trimounts, there are enough mounts to demonstrate this exact form.
As for overall armorial design, this piece of armory follows a general design of armory using a green mount or trimount on a color field, with a single charge atop or issuing from the mount or trimount, and no other charges in the armory. The documentation does a good job of demonstrating that this design is found throughout Europe in period. The article provides thirteen examples with this design. The thirteen examples include many types of charge atop/issuing from the trimount: animate charges, constructed artifact charges (like a crown), and abstract heraldic charges like crosses and mullets. Two examples specifically use crosses. This is sufficient evidence to support this submission's design as compatible with a documented exception.
Some commenters asked whether this submission might have "too many weirdnesses" to be acceptable. A "weirdness", according to the Glossary of Terms, is a "break with the usual period style provided that it is not overly obtrusive". While the use of a Celtic cross in heraldry may be an SCA innovation, it is not considered a weirdness, as similarly constructed crosses are found in period heraldry. It is a reasonable extension of practices found in period heraldry rather than a "break with the usual period style." Any documented exception, by definition, is a period practice, otherwise it could not have been documented. Hence, this submission has no weirdnesses.
Her previous name, Laure Aleire de Leon, is released.
Submitted as Thorgrim van de København, the submitter requested authenticity for Danish and allowed any changes. The submitted byname van de København combines van de, which appears in both Dutch and Low German, with København, which is modern Danish. Because of this mix, this byname violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name phrase. Metron Ariston provided information about period Danish forms of this name:
København is the official modern Danish name for the city according to the official list of Danish place names published by the University of Copenhagen (Københavns Universitet) at levende.kms.dk/su/h-l.pdf. However, histories of the city at www.aok.dk/E/G/CPHDK/0000/03/86/ and www.danbbs.dk/~erikoest/cph_info.htm#CopenhagenCityHistory indicate the city was originally known in the medieval period as either simply Havn or later in medieval Danish as Købmannehavn (Merchant's Harbor). The current name is an obvious derivation of the latter form.
From this information, af Havn and af Købmannehavn are period Danish forms of this byname. As the latter is closer to the submitted form, we have changed the byname to this form in order to register this name and to meet the submitter's request for authenticity.
Note: Timony is her legal given name.
The previous blazon, Vert, on a bend argent a winged lion rampant to sinister sable fimbriated argent, wings erect argent fimbriated sable, placed the winged lion entirely on the bend.
Note: Rosario is her legal given name.
This name conflicts with Æthan Gunn (registered in February 2002). When pronounced properly, the difference in sound between Æthan and Aidan consists mainly of the change from d to th, there being only a slight change in the initial vowel sound. These differences do not produce a significant change in sound between Æthan and Aidan. Therefore, these two names conflict.
His armory has been registered under the holding name Aidan of Stelton Wald.
This name conflicts with Alana Douglas (registered February 1997). As stated by Siren, "The first vowel in each name has a tendency to be pronounced almost as a schwa, leaving the only difference between them the second vowel." Additionally, the middle vowel in Elena is regularly pronounced almost as a schwa rather than as the long 'AY' sound found in the modern pronunciation of the name Elaine. Therefore, the difference between the pronunciations of these two names is not significant enough for them to be considered clear of one another.
Conflict with David the Ironlivered, Azure, a sprig of three poison oak leaves sable, veined and fimbriated argent. There is one CD for fieldlessness. The sprig in David's device consists of three oval-shaped leaflets, one to chief, one to dexter and one to sinister, with a slip issuant to base.
There is not sufficient difference in the arrangement or orientation of the leaves due to the slight angling of the two basemost leaves in Emelyne's badge to give a CD. There is no difference for removing the slip or for removing the fimbriation or the artistic details of the leaf veining in David's device. There might be a CD for the type difference between an oval-shaped leaf and a card-pique shaped linden leaf when the leaves are used as single charges. However, the conjoining of the leaves into near-identical sprigs diminishes the visual difference too much for there to be a type CD given between them.
This submission exceeds the rule of thumb for complexity in RfS VIII.1.a, as the number of tinctures and the number of types of charge total nine. This rule of thumb may be exceeded in cases where the armory adheres strongly to period armorial design, but that is not the case in this device.
It is important to note that the allowances for overcomplexity when considering augmentations do not apply to simple device changes. Device changes incorporating symbols of rank are not augmentations. Augmentations are a special honor from the crown.
The submitter is a court baroness and is entitled to use coronets in her armory.
The wavy line on the goutte is not recognizable as it has too few waves.
The goutte is small in this emblazon, and it would be difficult to draw it substantially larger without making it co-primary with the dragons. If the charges maintain their current sizes and the wavy line on the goutte is redrawn to have more waves, it is quite likely that the wavy line will then be unrecognizable because the waves will be too small to be recognized. We suggest that the submitter consider a redesign.
Conflict with Andrew Greencloak Hethilsson, Per chevron argent and vert, in base a mullet of four points argent. There is one CD for changing the number of the primary charges. There is no difference between a field per chevron and a field per chevron ployé. There is no difference between a mullet of four points and a compass star: "By prior precedent there is not a CD between a compass star and a mullet of four points" (LoAR April 2001).
The submission was originally blazoned using a point pointed rather than a per chevron field division. However, because the three compass stars are of the same type and size, and because heraldic designs of the form Per chevron three [charges] counterchanged are much more common than designs using a point pointed in any fashion, the overwhelming visual impression is of armory using a per chevron line, with the line drawn somewhat lower on the shield than usual. We have thus reblazoned it accordingly.
This award name is too generic to register. As explained in the Cover Letter for the December 2002 LoAR:
Generic identifiers are descriptions that may be associated with registered items (mainly badges) to identify the use of that item. Unlike registered names (award names, order names, guild names, household names, etc.), generic identifiers are not registered as an independent item and are not protected from conflict.
Names that fall into the generic identifier category are names that would reasonably be used by more than one group for common functions of the group. [...]
Adding the group's name to the description does not affect generic identifiers (because group identifiers are transparent for conflict).
Just as it is reasonable for any kingdom to have a King's Champion, so it is also reasonable that any kingdom may have a King's Archer. Therefore, King's Archer is too generic to register to any one group, and so it falls into the category of a generic designator. A similar situation was addressed in the precedent:
[Companionate of the Meridian Queen's Rapier Champion] The name is too generic to register. Note that Meridies can have a Queen's Rapier Champion, and can even have a companionate of former champions, but the name Queen's Rapier Champion cannot be protected. [Meridies, Kingdom of, 03/00, R-Meridies]
Similarly, Ansteorra may have a King's Archer, and may use King's Archer or King's Archer of Ansteorra to identify a badge submitted for the King's Archer, but the name King's Archer cannot be protected. The purpose behind this policy is that common designations which would reasonably be used by more than one group, such as a position of King's Archer, may not be restricted for use by a single group.
This name is being returned for improper construction of the byname. Port Lairge is the Gaelic form of the place known as Waterford in English or Anglicized Irish. In Irish Gaelic, locative bynames referring to towns are formed by putting the placename into the genitive case. As the submitter did not allow any changes, we were unable to correct the byname to Puirt Lairge in order to register this name. A fully Gaelic form of this name would be Aodh Puirt Lairge.
Conflict with the March of Grimfells, Sable, on a pile throughout Or a spiderweb throughout sable charged with a laurel wreath vert, and with Oyn Cefnog, Sable, on a pile throughout Or three pheons two and one gules. This badge is equivalent to Sable, on a pile Or a pile sable. Therefore, versus either Grimfells or Oyn Cefnog, there is only a single CD for cumulative changes to the group of charges on the pile by RfS X.4.j.
Bláithín appears to be a unique name. The only example of this name that was found was in Irish legend, where Bláithín is the name of the betrayer of the Munster warrior Cú Rói. Lacking evidence that the name is not unique, it is not registerable.
Her armory has been registered under the holding name Jerrine of Tir Ysgithr.
No forms were received for this submission.
The heart was originally blazoned as being sustained by the dragon's jambe, which would make the heart and the jambe co-primary charges. The visual realities of the emblazon make it clear that the heart is a subsidiary maintained charge. Therefore this conflicts with a badge of the Middle Kingdom, (Fieldless) A dragon's gamb couped erect maintaining a roundel argent, charged with a pale gules. There is one CD for fieldlessness but no difference for changing the small maintained charges.
The SCA does not register charged tierces. "Based on the consensus of those commenting on this issue, the College will ban the use of charged gores and charged gussets, matching the ban on charged tierces. Uncharged gores, gussets and tierces will continue to be registerable." (emphasis added). (Cover Letter for the November 1991 LoAR, p. 2)
Bronwen is a modern Welsh name that is registerable as an SCA-compatible name.
The LoI stated that "an Druaidh is the registered last name of submitter's mundane husband (Conall Mac an Druaidh - 8/1994 Atlantia)". However, Conall's byname is not an Druaidh. The elements an Druaidh are simply part of his byname, which is Mac an Druaidh, 'son of the druid'. Only entire elements of name phrases may be used under the Grandfather Clause. Therefore, since Mac an Druaidh is the grandfathered element, it is not eligible to support a submitted byname inghean an Druaidh 'daughter of the druid'. Since patronymic bynames are literal in Gaelic in period, Mac an Druaidh may not be used as a woman's byname, because she is a daughter, not a son.
This name also combines Welsh and Gaelic in a single name, which has previously been reason for return.
Her armory has been registered under the holding name Bronwen of Hindscroft.
The thistle was originally blazoned as proper. Thistles, when proper, have green leaves and slips. The "head" of the thistle is comprised of a ball of sepals with a tuft of petals at the top. The head of a thistle proper is drawn with the ball of sepals tinctured in vert and the tuft of petals tinctured in gules or purpure. (To quote Lions Blood, "Only the mohawk is purple.")
This thistle is drawn with the head tinctured in argent, on the argent field. As such, the charge has insufficient contrast, as a key identifying portion of the thistle has no contrast.
Conflict with a badge of Asne Whitewolf, (Fieldless) A wolf sejant argent. There is one CD for fieldlessness but nothing for location on the field versus a fieldless badge, no posture difference between sejant and sejant guardant, and no type difference between a fox and a wolf.
The device conflicts with Annalind Airamid the Healer, Vert, on a bend argent a caduceus palewise vert between a sprig of white willow [Salix alba] and a foxglove slipped and leaved [Digitalis purpurea] palewise proper. There is only one CD for cumulative changes to the group of tertiary charges by RfS X.4.j. This also conflicts with Olaf the Maedi-Ogre, Vert, on a bend argent a battle-axe gules, for the same reasons.
Conflict with Phoebe Saint Michael, Argent estencely, a cat couchant sable. There is only one CD for changing the posture of the cat.
The badge had a number of conflicts, of which some characteristic examples are listed here. In all cases, RfS X.4.j.ii does not apply to charges on suns because of the complex outline of the sun. Thus, there is no difference for changing the type only of tertiary charge. This thus conflicts with Boncueur, Ermine, on a sun gules a heart Or, with only a CD for fieldlessness. This also conflicts with Aelfred Halvdan of Holdene, Gyronny Or and azure, on a sun gules a lion's head cabossed Or, with the same conflict analysis. This also conflicts with Thomas-Edmund de Warrick, Gyronny argent and azure, on a mullet of eight points gules a wyvern passant Or. There is no difference between a sun and a mullet of eight points, so again, there is only one CD for fieldlessness.
The hand and the hammer are of equal visual weight, making the hammer a sustained co-primary charge. Thus, this armory has a single primary charge group consisting of three types of charge, which is in violation of RfS VIII.1.a.
The dragon was blazoned as rampant but it is not in a blazonable posture. The body and tail form a 'u' shape. The head and forelimbs of the dragon are appropriate for a rampant dragon, on the dexter side of the 'u' shape. The hind legs are not planted on the ground as one would expect from a rampant animal. Instead they are displayed and issue from the sinister side of the 'u' shape. Since we cannot blazon this, it must be returned under RfS VII.7.b.
This name conflicts with William Henry (1774-1836), British chemist and formulator of Henry's Law, who has his own entry in the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica.
His armory has been registered under the holding name Uilliam of Nemenfeld.
Conflict with Josephus Piscator, Argent, on a lozenge azure a compass star throughout Or. Ysabiau's submission is equivalent to Argent, on a lozenge throughout azure a catamount rampant between in cross four mullets Or. Thus, these must be compared as if both devices used lozenges. Under that interpretation, there is only one CD under RfS X.4.j for multiple changes to the tertiary charges.
No translation was provided for the word on the chief. The SCA requires that a translation be provided for any phrases used in armory:
Secondly, a translation of the Arabic [used on the device submission] is required by Laurel precedent and the Administrative Handbook. (LoAR April 1999, p. 20)
Please inform the submitter that a translation of the text [on the bordure] should be included with the submission. (LoAR July 2000, p. 4)
The byname bint al-Farees was submitted as meaning 'daughter of the horseman' with Farees being a hypothetical variant of Faris 'horseman'. However, Faris is listed as an Arabic form of 'knight' in "The List of Alternate Titles as Approved by the College of Arms" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/titles.html). Therefore, this byname also means 'daughter of the knight' and violates RfS VI.1: "Names containing titles, territorial claims, or allusions to rank are considered presumptuous."
The charges are very difficult to identify. The straight trumpets do not have mouthpieces, and their type is further obscured by the surmounting bar in the same tincture. The College overwhelmingly found that this charge group was not identifiable. This must therefore be returned by RfS VII.7.a.
Please advise the submitter to draw fewer and larger embattlements on the base.
Conflict with Robert Bloodaxe, Quarterly sable and vert, a mullet of eight points argent charged with two axes in saltire sable each distilling a goutte gules. The gouttes are so small as to be heraldically insignificant. There's one CD for changing the field. There is no type difference between a sun and a mullet of eight points. RfS X.4.j.ii does not apply to charges on a complex underlying charge, such as a sun, so there is no difference for changing the type only of tertiary charges.
The College generally felt that this armory appeared to use a single primary charge group consisting of three types of charges. While the two bars surrounding the central charges would certainly be considered a separate secondary group if they were throughout, the fact that they are couped removes that secondary appearance.
This name is being returned for lack of a given name. Jardine is well documented as a surname, but is not found as a given name in any standard sources.
This name was originally submitted as Jardine Mac en Leah and changed at Kingdom to Jardine Mac Enlea to use a documentable form of the byname. The submitter requested authenticity for 16th C Scottish.
Two pieces of documentation were provided for Jardine.
First, the LoI stated that Jardine "is found as a given name in The Steel Bonnets. (Fraser, George MacDonald. London: Harper Collins, 1971.) in a footnote on p.167 [which states] 'An entry in the Scottish Privy Council's Register for 15th Nov, 1571 mentions that a John Graham of Canonby attacked one Jardine of Applegirth.'"
Metron Ariston explains that Jardine of Applegirth is actually a byname and locative (Applegirth is the clan seat of Jardine per Way of Plean and Squires, Scottish Clan and Family Encyclopedia, p. 176) and does not include a given name:
A quick look at Black (Surnames of Scotland, s.n. Jardin) not only reveals that the given name is not a given name at all but is probably French. Black notes that it means "of the garden" and cites the first of the name in Scotland to be Winfredus de Jardine in the twelfth century. That Fraser is simply following his common custom of referring to someone by their byname and locative (e.g., Graham of Claverhouse for John Graham of Claverhouse) is supported by many references to the Jardine family of Applegarth. These include Black's reference to John Jardin or Jarding of Applegarth who granted a charter in 1476.
Second, the LoI stated that Jardine "is also found in The Clans and Tartans of Scotland (Bain, Richard, Glasgow: Collins, third reprint, 1978.) on p.74 where it states 'The Cummings of Culter traced their descent from Jardine Comyn, son of the Earl of Buchan in the 13th century.'"
Bain and sources directly quoting him appear to be the only sources that list Jardine Comyn. Bain is not known for his historical accuracy. Other clan encyclopedias, most notably Way of Plean and Squire's Scottish Clan and Family Encyclopedia, and even other books on tartans, do not include a reference to a Jardine Comyn in any of the entries for Comyn, Cummings, et cetera. There are other sources that cover the Comyn family as earls of Buchan in depth, including Alan Young, Robert the Bruce's Rivals: The Comyns, 1212-1314, and John Mackintosh, LL.D., "Historic Earls and Earldoms of Scotland" (http://www.electricscotland.com/webclans/earldoms/), s.n. "Chapter II - Earldom and Earls of Buchan". These sources indicate that there were only three Comyns who held the title earl of Buchan: William (d. 1233), Alexander (d. 1289), and John (d. 1313). William Comyn came by the title earl of Buchan via his second wife, Marjory, who was countess of Buchan. They had three sons: Alexander (who followed his father as earl of Buchan), William, and Fergus. By his first wife, William had four sons: Richard, Walter, William, and David. Alexander Comyn, earl of Buchan, had four sons: John (who followed his father as earl of Buchan), Roger, Alexander, and William. John Comyn, earl of Buchan, had one son John, who predeceased him. Neither of these sources lists any person named Jardine Comyn.
Therefore, we have only the reference from Bain for Jardine as a given name in period. This constitutes a single dubious reference from a work not known for historical accuracy and whose author does not list his sources. Further, more dependable sources cast doubt upon the existence of Jardine Comyn. This issue, combined with the unlikely nature of Jardine as a given name in period, is not sufficient support for registration of Jardine as a given name. Lacking corroborating evidence of Jardine as a given name, this submission must be returned for lack of a given name.
No documenation was presented and none was found that the originally submitted byname Mac en Leah is a plausible variant of the Gaelic Mac an Leagha. Woulfe (p. 314 s.n. Mac an Leagha) lists a number of Anglicized Irish forms of this name that are dated to temp. Elizabeth I-James I. These are the forms included after the header that are given in italics. Modern forms of the name are listed not italicized and follow the italicized forms. Of the italicized forms listed in this entry, M'Enlea is the closest in appearance to the submitted Mac en Leah. Based on other Anglicized Irish names used in this time period, reasonable variants of M'Enlea would include the cited M'Enlea, as well as McEnlea and MacEnlea.
His armory has been registered under the holding name Derek of Ildhafn.
Conflict with Andrew Castlebuilder, Per chevron purpure and Or, overall an elephant [Elephas sp.] trumpeting passant proper, on its back a carpet purpure, fimbriated Or, supporting a tower argent, masoned sable. There is no CD for the tincture difference between a light grey elephant proper and an argent elephant. As noted in the March 2002 LoAR, "There is ... no difference for adding the tower. Towers are commonly found on the back of elephants, and must be blazoned when present. However, such towers are of much less visual weight than the elephant, and are therefore equivalent to maintained charges. The tower in Andrew's arms follows this pattern."
This name is being returned for conflict with a historical person. Metron Ariston explains:
This name conflicts with Abraham ben David, sometimes called Abraham ibn David, the twelfth-century Spanish historian and philosopher. According to his header entry in Encarta 2000 he was "one of the first Jewish philosophers to introduce the Aristotelian system of knowledge to Judaism. [...] Under the alternate spelling of Abraham ibn Daud he also has a header listing in the 1911 edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica which notes "Jewish historiographer and philosopher of Toledo.
As he has his own entry in general encyclopedias, he is important enough to protect.
His armory has been registered under the holding name Avraham of Forgotten Sea.
Submitted as Cassandra of Wolf's Rock, the submitter requested authenticity for 12th to 13th C and allowed any changes. The only documentation provided for Wolf's Rock in the LoI was the statement "Constructed place name based on location named after a person named Wolf (s.n. Reaney and Wilson p498)". This provides no evidence that Rock would have been used as a toponymic element in a placename.
The only example that the College found of the element rock (with the meaning of 'rock' rather than some other meaning) used in a placename was in Mills (s.n. Rock [second entry with this header]), who dates Rok to 1242 in reference to a location in Northumberland and says, "Probably Middle English rokke 'a rock, a peak'. Ekwall (p. 390 s.n. Rock [first entry with this header]) gives the meaning of this location in Northumberland as being derived from "OE rocc 'rock' (an early Romance loan-word)". However, this sole instance of Rock as a placename does not support the construction [person's name]'s Rock. Lacking evidence that Rock would be combined with other elements in an English placename in this manner, it is not registerable.
Her armory has been registered under the holding name Cassandra of Standing Stones.
Conflict with Rowan of Windtree Tower, Per saltire sable and vert, a sea-horse erect argent. There is one CD for changing the field. There is no additional difference for changing the location of the sea-horse on the field. Per RfS X.4.g, "Changing the relative positions of charges in any group placed directly on the field or overall is one clear difference, provided that change is not caused by other changes to the design." The sea-horse in this device is forced to be in base as it may not overlap the vair portion of the field, thus the change of the relative positions of the charges is due to another element of the design.
The green strawberry leaves have insufficient contrast with the underlying azure field. This is not acceptable per RfS VIII.2. The strawberry leaves are not a minor artistic detail of the coronet: they are a large part of what makes the charge identifiable as a coronet of any sort, and the only thing that allows it to be identifiable as a ducal coronet.
The submission also has administrative problems. This was submitted as a single action combining both a device change and an augmentation. Because "we protect both the augmented arms and the unaugmented arms, a device change and an augmentation must be submitted as two separate actions" (LoAR of October 2000).
Conflict with Carol Stewart of Horsehill, Vert, a musimon's head erased argent, horns wreathed Or and sable. There is one CD for adding the second primary charge (the patriarchal cross.) The change of the horn tincture between Carol's musimon head and David's goat head constitutes less than half the charge, and thus there is no tincture difference.
The musimon's head and the goat's head are quite similar visually. The only visual difference between these types of head is that a musimon has a set of ram's horns in addition to the goat horns. We are not aware of evidence indicating that a goat's head and a musimon's head would have been considered distinct charges in period. Thus, until such evidence has been presented to the contrary, we rule that difference will not be given between these charges on purely visual grounds. We note that in the case of the entire animal, in the LoAR of July 1998 no type difference was given between a goat and a musimon.
Diana is the name of an ancient Roman goddess. No documentation was presented and none was found that Diana was used as a Roman name except for this goddess. Lacking evidence that it was used as a given name for humans in the Roman period, it is not registerable as a Roman name. The only evidence presented of Diana used by humans in period is from Withycombe (p. 40-41, s.n. Diana), which lists Diana Luttrell as being born in 1580. So we have evidence of Diana as a name used in late 16th C English. Spartene was submitted as the feminine form of the masculine byname Spartenos, which is dated to 1246 in Bardas Xiphias's article "Personal Names of the Aristocracy in the Roman Empire During the Later Byzantine Era" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/byzantine/family-names.html).
Therefore, the submitted name mixes an English given name dated to 1580 with a Byzantine Greek byname appropriate for 1246. Because these elements are dated more than 300 years apart, this name has a weirdness for temporal disparity. No evidence was presented that England and the Byzantine Empire had significant contact in period. Lacking such evidence, a name mixing English and Byzantine Greek is not registerable.
Were such evidence found, this lingual mix would be a weirdness, and this name would have two weirdnesses, one for temporal disparity and one for the lingual mix. And so, having two weirdnesses, this name would still have to be returned.
Her armory has been registered under the holding name Diana of Aston Tor.
Ferogain was documented only as a legendary name, "one of the five human foster brothers to Cuchulain of Muirthemne. The legend can be found on-line at: http://www.sacred-texts.com/neu/celt/cuch/". Metron Ariston provided information about this name:
[A]part from references to the submitter, a quick search of the web produced only one reference with this spelling: an on-line version of Lady Augusta Gregory's rendition of the tale of Cuchulain, which is more or less notorious for its renditions of names found in the original sources. She gives the names of the five boys as "Ferger, Fergel, Ferogain, Ferobain, and Lomna Druth the Fool". While Ferger may represent an original Ferchar ( Ó Corráin and Maguire, Gaelic Personal Names, s.n. Ferchar) and Fergel a fairly obvious Fergal ( ibid., s.n. Fergal), the other names are problematic and the source given is clearly legendary. Based on current precedent without any evidence that the name was borne by humans outside that legendary context, that name cannot be registered. Since he says that he will accept any changes, perhaps he would accept the documented given name Ferganainm which Ó Corráin and Maguire (Gaelic Personal Name s, s.n. Ferganainm) say "was fairly common in Ireland down to the early modern period though I know of no very early examples".
Given the poor quality of the renditions of the names in Lady Augusta Gregory's work, we have no evidence that the spelling Ferogain is even a valid Gaelic name. Were evidence provided that it is a valid name in Gaelic, we still have no evidence that the name is not unique to this legend. Lacking evidence that it was used by humans in period, it is not registerable.
No documentation was provided and none was found that of River Shannon would have been used as a person's byname in period. More broadly, no documenation was found that the construction of River [river name] would have been used as a person's byname in period. Lacking such evidence, this byname is not registerable.
No documentation was presented with this submission, which would be the defining instance of bananas in SCA heraldry (aside from the bananas protected as modern non-SCA armory in the flag of Fiji). The College presented evidence that bananas, or a similar species such as plantains, were known to Western Europeans, with a banana having been found in a Tudor English midden.
Some members of the College inquired whether a yellow banana was period, speculating that period bananas and plantains were of a different color (or colors), perhaps green. However, if we accept a charge we accept it in any heraldic tincture, so if bananas are acceptable, they should be registerable in any heraldic tincture, including Or. Argent Snail also informs us that in the 14th C manuscript Tacuinum Sanitatis which has been translated (and had its photos reproduced) as "The Four Seasons of the House of Cerruti", page 82 (of the translation) states that "The banana has a yellow skin when ripe..."
The "bunch of bananas" in the submission shows three bananas. They are conjoined at the stalk and otherwise nested closely, approximating three bananas fesswise in pale conjoined for their entire length. The bananas lose their identifiability as individual bananas by being conjoined as closely as they are in this "bunch".
A bunch of grapes is an entire cluster that would hang from a main stem. The analogous group of bananas, a "stalk" of bananas, is a large cluster that has the rough shape of a cluster of grapes. We would suspect that the hypothetical armorial grouping of bananas would either be in this large impressive "stalk" format, or would maximize the identifiability of the few individual bananas by having their outlines against the field rather than obscured against each other. We suspect that documentation showing period depictions of bananas would help us see how period people perceived the fruit in a way that was most identifiable, and such a depiction might be a good guideline for heraldic use. However, no such documentation has yet been provided. We remind the College that when a charge is new to SCA heraldry, it should be accompanied with accompanying documentation demonstrating that the charge, and its submitted depiction, is appropriate for use in SCA heraldry.
Lacking documentation for the design presented here as a "bunch of bananas", and noting that the particular grouping of the bananas diminishes the identifiability of each individual banana, this submission cannot be registered.
This name is being returned for two issues.
No documentation was presented and none was found that Freiderich is a plausible period variant of the documented given name Friederich. Nebuly explains:
There is no given name Freidrich in German. According to Bahlow, Freidrich derives from the surname Freudenreich (q.v.). The documentation cites page 147 of Bahlow, but that page only documents Friedrich, which is a different name.
Lacking evidence that Freidrich is a plausible period variant of the given name Friedrich, it is not registerable as a given name.
The particle aus has previously been reason for return:
It does not appear that aus was used as a locative preposition in period names; the apparent examples in Brechenmacher, Etmologisches Wörterbuch der Deutschen Familiennamen, were long ago shown to be descriptions, not part of the cited names. [Monika aus Ritters Kreuzung, LoAR August 1997, R-Meridies]
The examples referred to in Brechenmacher are modern editorial descriptions. Lacking evidence that aus was used in personal names in period (rather than the documented von), it is not registerable. Bahlow (p. 57 s.n. Bremer) dates von Bremen to 1605.
A plausible German name combining all of these elements would be Friedrich Hirsch von Bremen. As the submitter allowed no changes, we were unable to address issues with this name.
His armory has been registered under the holding name Friedrich of Crystal Mynes.
No documentation was presented and none was found that Hashimoto is a reasonable period surname in Japanese. The only documentation provided for Hashimoto on the LoI was "Hashimoto - found in 'Name Construction in Mediaeval Japan' by Solveig Throndardottir. Surname constructed from elements Hashi on p142 and moto on p95 and p165." This information is misleading. Hashimoto does not appear in Solveig's book (which is often abbreviated NCMJ). Only the themes hashi and moto are listed.
Japanese names elements are created by combining Kanji characters, but the characters cannot be combined randomly; the characters that make up a name element only combine in groups that make conceptual sense to the medieval Japanese mind.
The theme hashi is found in NCMJ (2nd ed., p. 142) and is listed as meaning 'bridge'. Three surnames are listed under this entry. Akahashi is dated to 1600 and combines the element meaning 'Red(fire) / Young' with that meaning 'Bridge'. Ishibashi, bashi being a pronunciation change of hashi, is dated to 1392 and combines the elements meaning 'Rock' with that meaning 'bridge'. Takahashi is dated to 1568 and combines the element meaning 'Tall' with that meaning 'bridge'. In all three of these cases, the element meaning 'Bridge' comes second. Also, a red bridge or a young (meaning fairly new) bridge, a rock bridge, and a tall bridge are all reasonable descriptions for a bridge.
The theme moto shown on p. 95 means 'Main / Original / Root / Base' and all examples appear at the end of the surname. Of these, only Miyamoto (miya meaning 'palace') combines this element with a man-made structure. The theme moto shown on p. 165 means 'Trunk / Stalk' and all of the examples in this entry appear in nanori, not surnames. Additionally, all but one of the examples have moto at the end of the word.
Lacking evidence that hashi would appear at the beginning of a word, and that it would be combined with moto in a way that has a reasonable meaning in period Japanese, Hashimoto is not registerable.
His armory has been registered under the holding name Arihiro of Coeur d'Ennui.
This name conflicts with Isabella de Luna (registered February 1998 via the Outlands).
Her armory has been registered under the holding name Isabella of Fyren-Ar.
RfS VIII.3 notes that obscuring a complex low-contrast line of partition may well be grounds for return for unidentifiability. We have such a case here: the bucket covers most of the line of partition.
This name is being returned because it contains no given name. Liath is a Gaelic descriptive byname meaning 'gray'. No evidence was presented and none was found that it was used as a given name in period. Lacking such evidence, Liath is not registerable as a given name.
His armory has been registered under the holding name Dennis of Calontir.
Many commenters questioned the use of a salamander as the hour hand of a clock. The submitter has provided documentation from Time and Space, Measuring Instruments from the 15th to the 19th Century, by Samuel Guye and Henri Michel, showing a clock with a similar round face inset into an octagonal locket. The clock has a salamander as a hand in exactly this position (tail to the IIII). The clock dates to 1597, it is only 31 mm wide, it has a locket hanger, and we all want one just like it. The salamander is in a reasonable tergiant posture, so this design is stylistically acceptable.
Unfortunately the design conflicts with Rhithyn yr Gwlad yr Hav, Azure, a plate charged with a cauldron and a domestic cat in its curiosity sable. There is one CD for the cumulative changes to the tertiary charge group (counting the salamander as a tertiary charge), but that is all. The round clock face is given no type difference from a roundel; the other thin-line details on the clock face are similar to the details of an astrolabe, and an astrolabe also is not given type difference from a roundel.
Maelona was documented from a Web site (http://www.crosswinds.net/~daire/names/celtwmale.html). However, this Web site is a "name your baby" type of Web site and should be avoided for SCA purposes. The College found Maelona listed in Gruffudd (s.n. Maelona). However, Gruffudd gives no date for this name, saying only that it is a feminine form of Maelon. As noted in previous rulings, undated names in Gruffudd are usually modern names. Additionally, the name Maelona is implausible as a Welsh name in period as explained in the precedent:
In December I noted that in period Latin inflections do not appear to have been used to change the gender of Welsh (and for that matter Gaelic) names. That is, such feminizations as Briana, Morgana, and Alana are, so far as we know, post-period inventions. [...] [T]he names Morgana and Alana, as well as any other similarly feminized masculine names for which there is no evidence of period use (and which have not already been declared 'SCA-compatible'), are not considered 'SCA-compatible'. In other words, the argument based on the Latin/Romance practice of using inflectional endings to change the gender of a name is not automatically valid; it must be supported either by evidence of period use of the specific name or by evidence that the practice was in general use in the linguistic culture of that name. (Talan Gwynek, Cover Letter to the June 1996 LoAR, p. 2)
Lacking evidence that Maelona was used in period, it is not registerable.
Her armory has been registered under the holding name Vanessa of Coeur d'Ennui.
There were a number of possible visual interpretations of the vine or vines in this armory. This armory shows one piece of vine in the basemost part of the shield. The vine is mostly bendwise but curves towards sinister chief at the top, where it conjoins to the bend. In the chiefmost part of the field, there are two pieces of vine, the chiefmost of which is more or less fesswise and issuing from the bend at the dexter end, and the basemost of which is embowed to sinister chief with both ends issuing from the bend.
The most obvious interpretation to those who were used to doing artwork using 13th to 15th C vinework was that there was a single ivy vine that is embowed, forked somewhere under the bend, with the basemost fork spiralling downwards and inwards (so the main vine would have the shape of a 'C', with the fork forming a smaller 'c'). We note that a standard heraldic vine is a single length of vine, and the extensive fork in this vine is not compatible with standard heraldic depictions of vine. We also note that this interpretation was not at all obvious to the majority of viewers who did not partake of artwork using 13th to 15th C vinework on a regular basis.
Other people viewed this as two vines, one on either side of the bend, but this is not the case; in such an emblazon, there would not be two pieces of vine showing in the chief portion of the field, and none of the vine would conjoin to the bend. Others viewed this as some sort of "semy of ivy vines", but strewn ivy vines would be depicted with a large number of detached pieces of vine. Others interpreted this as a single vine passing back and forth over the field and filling the field (and called that 'semy of vine'), but no documentation has been provided for a period heraldic design consisting of one vine filling the field by passing back and forth over the field.
As a consequence, this design cannot accurately be reproduced from a blazon and is thus not acceptable by RfS VII.7.b.
Please advise the submitter to draw the ivy leaves on the bend so that they are more distinctly palewise, or to draw them properly bendwise.
Conflict with the badge of Mieszko of Aire Faucon, (Fieldless) On a sun purpure a swan naiant contourny argent (registered in September 2002). There is one CD for fieldlessness. However, suns are not a simple enough charge for RfS X.4.j.ii to apply. There is therefore no difference for changing only the type of the tertiary charge by RfS X.4.j.
No documentation was presented and none was found that Moniczka was used in period. Moniczka was documented from William F. Hoffman and George Wieslaw Helon, First Names of the Polish Commonwealth: Origins and Meanings (p. 258). Nebuly provided information regarding this source:
The book is explicitly post-period, with emphasis on coverage of names that have been used in Poland since the 18th century. The client's name as currently registered is more authentic than the newly submitted form - the SSNO has Monika dated to 1499 (s.n. Mo{n'}ka) - although a period Polish woman's name would not have had a double given name.
As there are so few sources on Polish names currently available in English, we are not willing to place this source on the list of name sources to avoid. However, it should be used with care.
The College had significant concerns with the identifiability of the lion's tail as drawn here. Lion's tails are mostly identifiable due to the prominent tuft at the end of the tail. This nowed tail does not have a prominent tuft at the end. There is some "feathering" along the rest of the tail, but this is insufficient to allow the charge to be identified as a lion's tail. This needs to be redrawn with an identifiable lion's tail.
The Cavendish knot is a standard knot for a nowed tail, but the exact type of knot is generally artist's license. Because in a tail-only charge the type of knot has significant visual impact, we have blazoned the type of knot explicitly.
This does not conflict with the badge of Shag Fevermore, Pean, a lion's tail queue-forchee erect Or. There is one CD for changing the field. When the tails are charges by themselves (rather than being attached to a lion), there is CD for the difference between a tail nowed and a tail queue-forché that is not nowed.
Seona is a modern Scottish Gaelic form of Joan. Lacking evidence that it was used in period, it is not registerable. Additionally, this name combined Gaelic and Welsh in the same name, which has previously been reason for return.
Her armory has been registered under the holding name Bren of Lonely Tower.
We have changed the blazon from a sword enflamed to a sword with the blade lying on a flame. A sword enflamed would have tiny spurts of flame issuant from the entire sword (including the hilt) while in this emblazon the blade (and only the blade) is completely surrounded by flames. A previous precedent has noted: "The sword loses its identifiability against the 'flames' of the same tincture. (One commenter noted its resemblance to a chain saw.)" (LoAR November 1994, p.17). This submission has an analogous problem and must therefore be returned for unidentifiability per RfS VIII.3.
None.
None.
The vixen was originally blazoned as proper, which is defined in the SCA Glossary of Terms as "Red with black 'socks' and white at tip of tail". The vixen drawn here is brown with black feet, white chest, and white tail-tip. This is not acceptable by the following precedent, which requires that the brown fox proper be all brown:
A falcon proper will be considered to be all brown, not brown head, wings and back, buff breast with darker spots, and a tail striped with black; a hare proper will be considered to be all brown, not brown with white underbelly and tail and pink ears. This also appears to be more in keeping with period heraldic practice. (Cover Letter for the October 1995 LoAR)
If period evidence is shown for a brown fox proper with black socks and white at the tip of the tail (and on the chest), we may reconsider the return. However, no evidence for such a period heraldic depiction of a fox has been presented. We can find find evidence for period foxes that are solid brown (for example, the canting arms of Die Fuchsen in Siebmacher's 1605 Wappenbuch, fol. 62, Or a brown fox salient proper).
The nebuly in this emblazon consists of repeats that look like the top portion of a heart or (as Red Hawk put it) "the end of a dog's chew toy bone". This is a period form of nebuly that be seen in multiple places in Siebmacher's 1605 Wappenbuch, one example being the Swiss family of de Ziegler on fol. 201.
Brian was submitted under the Legal Name Allowance. As no documentation (such as a photocopy of the submitter's driver's license) was included with the submission supporting Brian as the submitter's legal name, it is not registerable under the Legal Name Allowance. The College found alternate documentation for Brian, making it registerable.
Silverswan was submitted under the Grandfather Clause. Though the LoI stated that Brian is the husband of Katriona Silverswan, no documentation was submitted supporting this relationship. (Please see the Cover Letter for the October 2002 LoAR for a discussion regarding the Grandfather Clause and documentation to support relationships.) Lacking documentation supporting the relationship between Brian and Katriona, Silverswan is not available to Brian via the Grandfather Clause.
The College was unable to find documentation of Silver used in an English sign name. The registration of Katriona's name states:
Given the documented bynames Whitehors, Blaklamb, Grelamb, Gragris, and Whitecou (this last meaning grey swan), we believe that a pattern of such names has been shown to be established. [Katriona Silverswan, 01/92 LoAR, A-East]
The registration requirements have changed since Katriona's registration in 1992. Lacking evidence of Silver used in an English sign name, Silverswan is not registerable. Brian may register it if documentation is provided to support Katriona as his legal wife.
Given the examples listed in the January 1992 LoAR and those found by the College, Whiteswan would be registerable as a locative byname derived from a sign name. However, it was felt that the change from Silverswan to Whiteswan was a major change, which the submitter does not allow.
The LoI stated that Brigid was documented "from Withycombe under 'Bridget' dated to 1480 in England p 54." However, Brigid is a Gaelic form. Metron Ariston provided information regarding the person mentioned in Withycombe who is dated to 1480:
All the genealogical and historical sources I could find for the daughter of Elizabeth Woodville and King Edward IV who was born in 1480 give her name as Bridget rather than the spelling used. Withycombe in the place cited does say that that daughter was the first documented case of Bridget as a given name in England, but does not in fact say that this is the spelling used. As a matter of fact, this spelling is given as a specifically Irish form which would not be allowed according to the table of permissible language combinations in the January, 2002, cover letter which says that Gaelic and Welsh cannot be combined.
Combining Gaelic and Welsh in a name has previously been ruled unregisterable. Aryanhwy merch Catmael found English forms of Brigid:
Withycombe does not give a date for the spelling <Brigid> in English; as far as I know this is a purely Gaelic form. Gaelic/Welsh combinations were ruled unregisterable on the 08/01 LoAR. While English/Welsh combinations are not even a weirdness (per the 08/99 cover letter), the combination of an English given name adopted from Irish Gaelic with a Welsh byname is certainly unlikely. Here are some English forms of the name:
From "16th C Ormskirk Names" (http://www.sit.wisc.edu/~sfriedemann/names/ormskirk/):
Brichet 1581, 1585
Brychet 1589
From "16th C Gloucestershire Names" (http://www.sit.wisc.edu/~sfriedemann/names/late16/):
Bridgett 1573, 1590, 1596
Bridget 1593
Bridgret 1590
Withycombe gives <Brigitte> 1563 as the earliest occurrence of the name in English contexts.
Changing Brigid to any of these forms would be a major change, since it changes the language of this element. The submitter allowed major and minor changes, but noted on her form that she requested she be called first. Given the number of submissions that are processed at the Laurel level each month, it is not feasible to individually contact submitters. Therefore, we are interpreting her form as "no major changes". As changing Brigid to an English form is a major change, this submission must be returned.
Bynames used in women's names in Welsh need to be lenited. The lenited form of the submitted bynames Gwyllt Glas would be Wyllt Las.
The dandelion plant was originally blazoned as proper. Since it can be blazoned entirely using heraldic tinctures, we have done so. This is particularly important because the College was not sure whether the flowers of the dandelion were meant to be the yellow-petalled flowers (as depicted here) or the argent "puffball" seed phase of the dandelion.
The device conflicts with Ewan of Balquhidder, Argent, a three headed thistle proper and a bordure purpure. Ewan's three-headed thistle is drawn very naturalistically. Both plants are dominated by a tuft of spiky leaves at the base of the plant. Both plants have three flowers issuing to chief. Chardonne's dandelion plant shows the dandelions both in the affronty flower posture and in a profile flower posture. In the latter case, the dandelion in profile is drawn with green bunch of sepals at the base of the flower and a tuft of petals issuing from the sepals to chief, approximating some depictions of thistles. Because the only notable visual difference between the two emblazons on first viewing is the changed tincture of the bordure, these are in conflict by RfS X.5.
This does not conflict with a badge of Elizabeth Idlewine (for Castle Maricage), Argent, a bulrush slipped and leaved within a bordure vert. There is substantial (X.2) difference between these two plants. A bulrush has long thin spiky leaves and a cylindrical "cattail" head. A dandelion plant has long wide serrated/spiky leaves and round flowers. The two are very visually distinct.
This does not conflict with Adelaide de Beaumont, Argent, a pimpernel gules, slipped and leaved, within a bordure vert. A pimpernel is effectively a cinquefoil and there is substantial (X.2) difference between a cinquefoil slipped and leaved and a dandelion plant.
Conflict with a badge of Annette of Faire Mont, (Fieldless) A flame slipped and leaved with thistle leaves all proper. This dandelion in profile has a strong resemblance to a thistle, with two serrated leaves issuant from the base of the slip, a green bunch of sepals at the top of the slip (the sepals of a dandelion are in the same place as a thistle's head) and a tuft of petals towards the top. The only effective difference between these two emblazons is the tincture of the top of the flower (flame-colored in Annette's badge, Or in this submission), which is much less than half the charge tincture. Even the shape of the leaves is the same; while thistle leaves generally curve up, both the leaves in Annette's badge and in this badge curve down. This leaves only one CD, for fieldlessness.
This does not conflict with Raimund of the Strait, reblazoned elsewhere in the East section of this LoAR as (Fieldless) A dandelion plant with four flowers proper. Raimund's badge is a dandelion plant, and there is a CD between a single dandelion flower slipped and leaved, as shown here, and a dandelion plant. There is a second CD for fieldlessness.
Ethrelinda was submitted as a variant of Ethelinda, which was documented as "the name of a concubine of Charlemagne (Ernest Weekley, 'Jack and Jill, A Study in Our Christian Names', p 133)." This source appears to be a modern baby name book and should be avoided for SCA name documentation.
Searle (p. 42) lists Æthellind as a header, with Adallindis as a secondary header, and dates this name to c. 800 as a concubine of Charlemagne. From this information, it seems that Weekly used Ethelinda as a modern form of the Æthellind noted by Searle. The only example of the name Ethrelinda that could be found was post-period and may be a typo. Metron Ariston explains:
[T]he only exemplar that I could find of the spelling Ethrelinda was from an on-line index to eighteenth-century issues of The Lady's Magazine where the notation for 1771 of "Hudda and Ethrelinda" may well be a typo (www.qmw.ac.uk/~english/publications/ladysmag4.htm). Morlet (Vol. I, col. 14a) shows forms in Adalindis, Adalendis, Adalindes, Adalenda, Adelindis, etc., but nothing this close and Withycombe documents the form Ethelinda only from c. 1800 on.
Lacking evidence that Ethrelinda is a plausible period name, it is not registerable. As the submitter allowed no changes, we were unable to change this name to of one of the forms documented in Searle or Morlet in order to register this name.
No documentation was presented for a piece of paper as a heraldic charge. The charge drawn here is a four-sided charge at an angle between palewise and bendwise sinister. The chiefmost and basemost sides of the charge are slightly embowed-counterembowed, and the other two sides are straight. This therefore cannot easily be reblazoned as a lozenge, billet or other standard heraldic charge. Without documentation for this charge, and because of its intermediate orientation between the standard heraldic orientations, it may not be accepted.
The double roses have four petals on the lower deck and five on the upper. This seems a reasonable artistic variant of a standard double rose and does not need to be blazoned.
This armory contains a single group of five co-primary charges with three different types. It is therefore overly complex by the guidelines of RfS VIII.1.a.
The lion was blazoned as a Saracenic lion, but we do not blazon the national origin of charges unless such an adjective is needed to distinguish between different types of charge. This appears to be a reasonable artistic variant of a lion guardant and we have so blazoned it.
The drinking horns were originally blazoned as trousers of nobility, which is the standard English description for these Arabic charges. The SCA has previously blazoned these charges as pairs of drinking horns. The commentary was in favor of keeping the standard SCA blazon.
The mullets are too small to be identified as mullets, or any other particular charge. They are thus not acceptable by RfS VIII.3. This problem cannot be fixed solely by redrawing. There is very limited space in the dexter chief corner of the bordure and the mullets could not reasonably be positioned there in this arrangement and still be large enough to be identifiable.
In addition, the submission has adminstrative problems. The petition of support provided for the augmentation does not describe the manner in which the device is to be augmented, either by blazon or by emblazon. It is necessary for the petition to associate the signatures with the form of change being submitted:
As with real-world petitions, the signatures should be on the same piece of paper as a clear description of the item being supported by the petition. That description, in an SCA armorial petition, would ideally be a statement that We, the members of (Branch) support this device for our branch device, accompanied with a colored emblazon and a blazon. Such a petition makes it clear that all the signatories, including the blazon-illiterate signatories, understand the design being so submitted. A line drawing of the emblazon combined with the blazon (and some text describing the colors for the blazon-illiterate) is just as good as a colored emblazon. A blazon on the petition without an emblazon will suffice, as long as the blazon is an accurate representation of the emblazon. If that is not the case, then the petition will not be acceptable. (LoAR November 2001)
Some members of the College questioned the v-shaped depiction of the laurel wreath, which is not considered acceptable under current standards. This depiction is grandfathered to the branch.
Conflict with Jasper Murtagh, Argent, three chevronels inverted gules, overall a dragon sejant erect, maintaining a sword palewise azure. Jasper's armory is equivalent to Chevronelly inverted argent and gules, a dragon sejant erect maintaining a sword palewise azure. As a consequence, there is only one CD for fieldlessness and no difference for changing the small maintained charges. This also conflicts with Eadwine be Bocce Sele, Ermine, a wyvern undulant erect bendwise, wings elevated and addorsed, azure, orbed, langued, armed and spined Or, grasping in both legs a partly open book bendwise argent, bound gules, clasped Or. There is one CD for fieldlessness, but no difference in type between a wyvern and a dragon, no posture difference between a wyvern erect and a dragon sejant erect, and no difference for changing the small maintained charges.
The submitter is a viscountess and entitled to use a coronet in her armory.
The emblazon blurs the distinction between a chief and a per fess line of division. If this is a charged chief, the line marking the bottom of the chief needs to be higher, and in particular, the bottom of the wavy line should not extend as far down as the fess point of the shield. If this is a per fess division, the wavy line should extend equally over and under the fess line of the shield. As this cannot be accurately blazoned, it must be returned per RfS VII.7.
The submitter requested authenticity for 15th to 16th C Tibet and allowed minor changes. Both elements were documented from R.A. Stein, Tibetan Civilization. The photocopied pages submitted with the submission do not contain the required title/copyright information. Stein (p. 295), under the section "Proper Names: Precise Transliterations" lists "Gorum = sGo-rum". The photocopy of this page does not contain headers or paragraphs describing this list. Therefore, we cannot be certain which of these forms is the "Precise Transliteration" alluded to in the page header (presumably, it is "sGo-rum"). Additionaly, this list provides no indication that any form of Gorum is a period Tibetan name. Stein (p. 27) lists "Pöpa (Bod-pa)" as a word meaning 'Tibetan'. Regarding this byname, the LoI stated that "the client says: 'The generic nature of the last name comes from how Gorum would have had to describe himself to the Portugese.'" While such a theory is interesting, this is not documentation that such a construction is reasonable as a Tibetan name.
There are a few cultures that have been ruled to be registerable as an SCA name (which has not yet occurred in regards to Tibetan culture), but for whom there was a low enough level of contact with Western European cultures that these names are only registerable in a name consisting solely of name elements from that culture. Japanese names are in this category. In these cases, the names submitted from these cultures must follow name construction patterns for those cultures in period. In this case, the construction used in the submitted name Gorum Bodpa has not been demonstrated to be a period name construction used in Tibetan names. Lacking such evidence, the submitted name is not registerable regardless of whether Tibetan names are registerable or not.
As this name is not registerable regardless of the status of the registerability of Tibetan names, we are declining to rule on the registerability of Tibetan names at this time. Please see the cover letter for details regarding the issue of the registerability of Tibetan names.
There are multiple problems with the byname í Vakkerfjelli.
Vakkerfjell, the basis for the byname í Vakkerfjelli, was documented only as the name of a shire in the West Kingdom (registered May 1983). There are some limitations upon registerability of SCA branch names in a personal name:
[O]nly the actual registered form of an SCA branch name is automatically registerable as part of a personal name. [...] Given the lack of documentation standards in earlier years - particularly for SCA branch names - there is no reason to assume that a registered branch name is documentable even in the language it is registered in. [Roberto Raimondo de la Montana de Trueno, LoAR June 1998, R-Atenveldt]
The submitted byname í Vakkerfjelli does not use the actual registered spelling of this SCA branch name. Rather it uses a gramatically inflected form of the placename. Therefore, the allowance for automatic registerability of an SCA branch name in a personal name does not come into play. Instead, the byname í Vakkerfjelli is subject to the same requirements of any constructed byname.
In this case, the file for Vakkerfjell shows it to have been submitted as meaning 'Beautiful Mountain' in Norwegian, using only a modern dictionary for documentation. Therefore, this is an example of the situation described in the above precedent - that, from the documentation in the file, we cannot assume that Vakkerfjell is a properly constructed period Norwegian placename.
The submitted byname í Vakkerfjelli was documented as an Old Norse construction. Therefore, the byname í Vakkerfjelli violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name phrase, because it attempts to form an Old Norse locative byname from a hypothetical Norwegian placename.
Additionally, no documentation was provided and none was found that a locative byname in Old Norse would use a construction like í Vakkerfjelli. The LoI cited Lindorm Eriksson's article "The Bynames of the Viking Age Runic Inscriptions" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/lindorm/runicbynames/places.htm), which gives an example of a name which includes both a patronymic byname and a locative byname: Ólaf Erlendsson á Bygglandi 'Ólafr of Byggland, Erlendr's son'. From this example, if documentation were provided supporting Vakkerfjell as a plausible placename in Old Norse, Thórvaldr Thórólfsson á Vakkerfjelli would be a registerable form of this name.
As the submitter does not allow major changes, we were unable to drop the problematic element in order to register this name.
Conflict with the important non-SCA flag of Vietnam, Gules, a mullet Or. There is one only CD for adding the secondary dolphins.
The College had some concerns about whether the dolphins could reasonably be blazoned in annulo. The one in dexter chief is haurient to sinister, that in sinister chief is urinant and the one in base is fesswise. We encourage the submitter, on resubmission, to draw these charges so that they are more clearly in annulo, or to posture them so that they may be blazoned clearly.
None.
The acceptance of transfer for this item was listed in the Outlands' November LoI. Therefore, this item is pended to the March 2003 decision meeting to coincide with the acceptance of transfer.
Nota bene: this is an exception to the pend-to date at the top of this section. This item has already been ruled on.
The Letter of Intent blazoned the bird's leg as proper but it is tinctured (and blazoned on the form) as sable. This therefore must be pended for further conflict research.
Note that a generic bird does not have a defined proper tincture.
(This submission was item number 17 on Atenveldt's LoI of September 15, 2002.)
The tincture of the unicorn was not specified in the Letter of Intent. This must thus be pended for further conflict research.
(This submission was item number 25 on Atlantia's LoI that was referred to as the "August 30" LoI, redated to September 30, 2002.)
The mini-emblazon was pasted in the LoI upside-down, leading most commenters to deduce that the rapier was inverted. One commenter did indicate that she checked for conflict both as the rapier was blazoned (in its default posture) and as in the emblazon (inverted). However, one commenter is not enough. We encourge the College to follow Sommelier's example and explain explicitly if they have checked for conflict on an ambiguous piece of armory under more than one blazon, so that we can avoid pending the armory if possible.
(This submission was item 46 on Atlantia's LoI that was referred to as the "August 30" LoI, redated to September 30, 2002.)
The cotises were not blazoned in the Letter of Intent. A number of commenters felt that they were unsure about the tincture of the cotises since they were not in the blazon. Only one commenter indicated that conflict was checked in the correct tinctures. Therefore, this must be pended for further conflict research.
(This submission was item 58 on Atlantia's LoI that was referred to as the "August 30" LoI, redated to September 30, 2002.)
Created at 2003-04-20T21:44:54