THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN REGISTERED:

ÆTHELMEARC

Anlaith ingen Trena. Reblazon of device. Argent, a weeping willow tree vert and a ford proper.

Originally blazoned as Argent, a willow tree vert and a ford proper, the emblazon shows a weeping willow.

Rosamund du Grasse. Reblazon of device. Argent, a weeping willow tree blasted and eradicated, on a chief gules two geese close respectant argent.

Originally blazoned as Argent, a willow tree blasted and eradicated, on a chief gules two geese close respectant argent, the emblazon shows a weeping willow.

Tedesca Niccola. Reblazon of device. Per chevron rayonny purpure and Or, two moons in their plenitude and a weeping willow tree counterchanged.

Originally blazoned as Per chevron rayonny purpure and Or, two moons in their plenitude and a willow tree counterchanged, the emblazon shows a weeping willow.

AN TIR

An Tir, Kingdom of. Designator change to Black Stag Herald Extraordinary and transfer of heraldic to Zenobia Naphtali.

This a transfer of the heraldic title to Black Stag Herald (registered in September 1992) from An Tir and a change of the designator from Herald to Herald Extraordinary.

Anne von Schneverdingen. Reblazon of device. Per pall inverted vert, azure, and lozengy Or and azure, in chief two weeping willow trees Or.

Originally blazoned as Per pall inverted vert, azure and lozengy Or and azure, in chief two willow trees Or, the emblazon shows weeping willows.

Eleanor Ashling of Westbury. Name and badge. (Fieldless) A needle bendwise argent.

ffolan O Banan. Name.

The submitter requested authenticity for 13th-15th C Ireland and accepted minor changes. We note that the name was fully documented from Heather Rose Jones, "Names and Naming Practices in the Red Book of Ormond (Ireland 14th Century)." Jones notes in her article "The text is in Latin, written by an English speaker, hence the forms of the names follow practices similar to those of Latin texts in England" Therefore, the name, as submitted, is an authentic 14th C Latin/English form of an authentic 14th C Irish name. If the submitter is interested in the Irish Gaelic form of this name appropriate for the 14th C, we suggest Faolán Ó Bánáin. Faolán is the expected Early Modern Irish form of this name according to Ó Corrain and Maguire, Irish Names. Ó Bánáin is found in the "Annals of the Four Masters" in 1319. It is unclear whether the submitter wanted a name authentic for Ireland (in which case what he submitted meets that criteria) or whether he wanted an authentic Irish Gaelic name. However, since he will only accept minor changes and changing a language is a major change, we would have been unable to change the name to Irish Gaelic in any case.

Fionnghuala Friseil. Reblazon of badge. (Fieldless) A weeping willow tree couped per pale gules and sable.

Originally blazoned as (Fieldless) A willow tree couped per pale gules and sable , the emblazon shows a weeping willow.

Guillemin de Rouen. Name and device. Sable, a sword inverted argent between flaunches wavy argent semy-de-lis sable.

Mæva matbúðarkona. Name and device. Sable, three pomegranates slipped and leaved, stems conjoined in pall, and a chief Or.

The original emblazon was apparently colored with crayons and then photocopied, resulting in an Or that was barely acceptable.

Zenobia Naphtali. Acceptance of transfer of heraldic title Black Stag Herald Extraordinary from An Tir, Kingdom of.

This is an acceptance of a transfer of the heraldic title to Black Stag Herald (registered in September 1992) from An Tir.

ANSTEORRA

Anne Lyse van Gavere. Name.

Submitted as Anne Liese van Gavere, the name Liese was asserted to be a second given name, but was documented as a placename. No documentation was submitted and none found showing two placenames in German naming practices. We have changed the name to Anne Lyse van Gavere in order to register it. The given name Lyse is dated to the 15th C in Talan Gwynek's "15th-Century German Women's Names."

Ansteorra, Kingdom of. Badge for Guild of European Dancers. Per pale sable and Or, a dance and in chief a mullet of five greater and five lesser points counterchanged.

Guild of European Dancers is a generic identifier.

Dana Mac an Ghabhann. Device change. Gules, a dragon argent, a gore Or.

The submitter's previous device, Gules, a dragon rampant contourny argent, a gore Or, is released.

Deirdre Lasairíona ni Raghailligh. Device change. Vert, on a pile inverted bendwise throughout argent a lymphad oars shipped sable, in chief a snaffle bit chevronwise argent.

Please advise the submitter that the holes in the snaffle bit should show the field. A lymphad by default has its sails furled and its oars in action.

Her previous device, Bendy sinister azure and argent, a cat's face Or within a bordure wavy pean, is released.

Elisabeth Christianne de Calais. Badge. Per pale azure and Or, a cross flory counterchanged and in dexter chief a sun in splendour Or.

Else Schemmer. Name.

Submitted as Else von Schammach, the submitter requested authenticity for 15th C Germany/Bohemia. The locative byname was documented as an undated derivative of an undated placename from Bahlow, Deutschland Geographiche Namenwelt. The College was unable to find any examples of this spelling in period. Barring evidence that this is a period spelling, we must assume it is modern. The documentation for the locative says that Schammach is a derivative of Schemmenn. Brechenmacher, Etymologisches Woerterbuch der deutschen Familiennamen s.n. Schem(m)er, says that Schemmer is a derived from a placename Langenschemmern, also found as Schamer. This work cites a Hans Schemer or Schemmer in 1481. We have, therefore, changed the name to Else Schemmer in order to register it and to comply with her request for authenticity.

Elspet Arbuthnoth. Alternate name Elies Galice and badge. (Fieldless) A knot of four loops and four tassels gules.

As no indication was provided that the badge was to be associated with the alternate name, Elies Galice, it will be associated with her primary name. If the submitter wishes the badge to be associated with her alternate name this can be handled on an LoI as an administrative action.

Gerard du Quartier. Badge. Quarterly Or and purpure, a cross flory throughout counterchanged.

Gerard Seymour. Name.

Gryffydd Mawr ap Rodri. Name.

Originally submitted as Gryffydd Mawr ap Rodri, the name was changed to Gryffydd Vawr ap Rodri in kingdom because it was through that the first consonent in the byname needed to be softened. However, Heather Rose Jones, "Constructing 13th Century Welsh Names", says "Men will usually, but not always, use the mutated form of the word." Since the byname is registerable both softened and not softened, we have changed the spelling back to the originally submitted form.

Klaus der Lange. Device. Quarterly erminois and gules, a Maltese cross and in sinister chief an edelweiss flower argent.

Mea Cornario. Device. Vert semy of frogs argent.

Nice armory.

Phocas of Bordermarch. Name and device. Argent, in pale a tower sable masoned argent and three arrows in pile gules.

Willow de Wisp. Reblazon of device. Per pale vert and Or, a weeping willow tree eradicated sable fimbriated Or, leaved counterchanged.

Originally blazoned as Per pale Or and vert, a willow tree eradicated sable fimbriated Or, leaved counterchanged, the emblazon shows a weeping willow. This device was registered in June 1980 as Per pale vert and Or... and reblazoned in November 1981 as Per pale Or and vert.... No explanation for the reblazon could be found in the file. The emblazon in the file is per pale vert and Or and, since we register the emblazon not the blazon, the blazon is being returned to the orginial per pale vert and Or.

ARTEMISIA

Avelyn ingen Uilliam. Reblazon of device. Or, a weeping willow tree proper within butterflies in annulo sable.

Originally blazoned as Or, a willow tree proper within butterflies in annulo sable, the emblazon shows a weeping willow.

Bjorn Johansen. Device change (see RETURNS for name change). Or, a chevron vert between two ravens contourny sable and a bunch of grapes proper.

His current device, Vert, two birds contourny argent and on a chief triangular Or a bunch of grapes purpure slipped and leaved proper, is retained as a badge.

Submitted with the name change Bjorn vinber Johansen.

Isabeau Lia Rossedal. Device. Per chevron ployé azure and argent, two roses Or and a rod of Aesculapius azure.

Jamukha Batu. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Renée de la Pommeraie. Household badge for La Maison des Orphelins. (Fieldless) On an apple Or a tower gules.

Thorir kyrsbani. Name (see RETURNS for device).

ATENVELDT

Amalric d'Acre. Badge. (Fieldless) A rat sejant erect sustaining a roundel sable.

Cionáoth Óg. Name and device. Or, a hulk sable, a chief wavy sable bezanty.

Submitted as Cináed ÓgCináed Óg, the submitter requested authenticity for Irish language/culture and desired a name using the byname Óg. Cináed is Middle Irish and Óg is Early Modern Irish, so to fulfill the submitter's requests, the given name must be changed to an Early Modern Irish form. Cionáoth is dated to 1260 in Annals of the Four Masters. We have changed the name to Cionáoth Óg to comply with his request for authenticity.

Elizabeth M'Kena O'Bannon. Name change from Elizabeth Mac Kenna Mac Gavin.

Her old name, Elizabeth Mac Kenna Mac Gavin, is retained as an alternate name.

Elizabeth M'Kena O'Bannon and Dante McGavin. Joint badge. Per saltire purpure and azure, an anchor between four skulls argent.

Elizabeth M'Kena O'Bannon and Dante McGavin. Joint badge. Per bend azure and sable, a sun Or and a sword argent.

Eva die Wölfen. Name and device. Or, a wolf rampant gules and on a chief nebuly azure a butterfly argent.

Katrina von Rosenberg. Name change from holding name Katrina of Atenveldt.

Lefled Willoughby. Reblazon of device. Lozengy argent and sable, on a pile vert a weeping willow tree eradicated Or.

Originally blazoned as Lozengy argent and sable, on a pile vert a willow tree eradicated Or, the emblazon shows a weeping willow.

Lucrezia di Bartolomeo. Badge. Purpure, on a heart Or, a double-horned hennin gules, trimmed argent, a bordure Or.

While we would prefer a better depiction of a hennin, the submitter has followed the instructions provided by Laurel in the previous return in order to make the charge more identifiable. While many of those asked did not identify the charge as a hennin, most did identify it as a hat of some type. This is sufficient to give the submitter the benefit of the doubt and register this depiction of a hennin. A hennin may be drawn with or without a veil; as long as identifiability is maintained. There is no difference for the presence of the veiling.

Sancha Galindo de Toledo. Exchange of primary and alternate name Tatiana Laski Krakowska and device. Azure, an owl contourny Or between in cross four mullets and in saltire four roundels argent.

The submitter's registered alternate name, Sancha Galindo de Toledo, is now her primary name.

The submitter's registered primary name, Tatiana Laski Krakowska, is now her alternate name.

Willow Jeanette O'Malley. Reblazon of device. Ermine, a weeping willow tree couped proper between flaunches sable, each charged with a fleur-de-lys Or.

Originally blazoned as Ermine, a willow tree couped proper between flaunches sable, each charged with a fleur-de-lys Or, the emblazon shows a weeping willow.

ATLANTIA

Acelina le Dragon. Name.

The submitter requested authenticity for 12th-13th C England. This name is already an authentic 12th-13th C English name.

Alexandria Wright. Badge. Lozengy Or and vert, a three-tiered natural fountain argent.

This does not conflict with Moira Hawthorn, Per bend sinister purpure and vert, a well argent masoned sable. There is a CD for the field and another for the difference between a well and a natural fountain. If not specified, a natural fountain has three tiers. This has been blazoned as a a three-tiered natural fountain to match the blazon of her device.

Atlantia, Kingdom of. Badge for Order of the Coral Branch. (Fieldless) A branch of coral inverted gules.

This is blazoned as a branch of coral to cant on the order name; it has no difference from any other leafless branch. This registration is for a heraldic badge, not regalia. As noted when Herveus d'Ormonde's badge, (Fieldless) A belt in annulo gules, was registered:

The common use in the SCA of a red belt to denote a squire is nevertheless not a protected usage. Therefore this badge is not presumptuous. Furthermore, because badges are not regalia, the registration of this badge does not restrict anyone, squire or not, from wearing a red belt.

As a result of this registration, a piece of coral is no more protected than a squire's red belt and any person, whether a member of the Order of the Coral Branch or not, may wear a piece of red coral. Only when the red coral is part of an obvious heraldic display, such as a medallion, does it merit protection.

Atlantia, Kingdom of. Badge for Order of the Herring. (Fieldless) A herring urinant argent.

This does not conflict with the badge for the Order of the Dolphin of Caid, Azure, a dolphin embowed uriant to sinister argent. There is a CD for fieldlessness and another for the difference between a heraldic dolphin and a herring. Precedent states:

[Per fess engrailed azure and vert, in chief a natural dolphin argent] ... this conflicts with Anton de Winton, Per chevron azure, and Or scaly sable, in chief a herring naiant embowed argent. There is one CD for changing the field. There is no difference for changing the type of fish. A natural dolphin is not apparently a period heraldic charge, and thus its difference from other charges must be determined on visual grounds under RfS X.4.e. Comparing this dolphin with Anton's herring, the outlines of the two charges are very similar. They both have slightly forked tails (it is impossible to tell whether the tail is supposed to have horizontal or vertical flukes without resorting to internal details, and Anton's dolphin lacks these). Both creatures have a dorsal fin and a forefin. The "beak" or "bottle-nose" on a natural dolphin helps identify it as a natural dolphin, but is not a sufficient outline difference to give a CD from a herring.

Note that this ruling does not revoke the many rulings that grant no difference between a heraldic and a natural dolphin. Given the well established trends towards naturalism in Renaissance art and Renaissance heraldic art, it is possible that a natural dolphin might have been used as an artist's variant of a heraldic dolphin. Without evidence for natural dolphins in period heraldry, the natural dolphin will conflict both with heraldic dolphins and with standard-outlined fish, like herring. [Helga Iden dohtir, 04/02, R-Caid]

However, conflict is not transitive and there is a CD between a heraldic dolphin and a fish such as a herring. The precedent "There's a CD between dolphins and most kinds of fish. (Alethea of Fair Isle, October, 1992, pg. 16)" applies to heraldic dolphins, not natural dolphins.

Atlantia, Kingdom of. Badge for King's Missiliers of Atlantia. Azure semy of arrows argent.

Nice badge!

King's Missiliers of Atlantia is a generic identifier.

Atlantia, Kingdom of. Badge for Order of the Opal. Argent semy of lozenges azure.

Atlantia, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Padrão Herald.

Aurora Nhutbyme. Name and device. Purpure, a dragon and on a chief embattled argent three unicorn's heads couped purpure.

The submitter requested an authentic English name. The documentation for the given name, Aurora, noted that "Since the Renaissance occasionally used in England, Germany and France." However, no dated examples of this name could be found in English. We will give the submitter the benefit of the doubt in this case that the name might have been used in England sometime before the end of the grey period. While the name is regiserable, we would not recommend it for an authentic name.

Bronwen le Kenne. Name.

Submitted as Bronwen McKenna, as submitted, this name is two steps from period practice. First, it uses the given name Bronwen, an SCA-compatible Welsh name. Second, it combines Welsh and Scots in a single name. Although the submitter notes the registration of Bronwen Fraser in December 2002, Laurel noted that Fraser had been documented as an English byname :

Since F. K. & S. Hitching, References to English Surnames in 1601 and 1602 (p. xlv), date Frasier to 1602, this name may be viewed as a mix of an SCA compatible Welsh given name and an English surname.

Because no documentation was found showing McKenna was a truly English form, the name must be considered Scots. Because the submitter cared most about sound, we have substituted le Kenne, a similar, although not identical, sounding English byname dated to 1337 in Reaney, A Dictionary of English Surnames, s.n. Ken.

Ceara inghean Bhraonáin. Device. Per pale azure and vert, a pale between two seahorses addorsed Or.

Cordeilla atte Black Starre. Name.

Eleanora de Montgomeri. Name and device. Or, a chevron cotised sable between three foxes passant proper.

The College of Arms' Glossary of Terms defines a fox proper as Red with black "socks" and white at tip of tail.

Emma Barfoot. Device. Sable, a foot couped and in chief a bar argent.

The submitter requested that the fess be blazoned as a bar as a cant on her name. Single diminutives of ordinaries aren't normally blazoned as such. Only if there are multiple diminutives (e.g. three bendlets) or if the charge is otherwise reduced in importance (e.g. a bendlet enhanced) would the diminutive term be used. Because of the cant -- and the enhanced nature of the fess -- we have blazoned it as a bar.

Gabriel Vladimir Zadorin. Name and device. Purpure, goutty d'Or, a winged lion sejant affronty, wings displayed, argent.

Minna Rose Krupp. Name.

This name mixes English and German; this is one step from period practice.

Morwenna ní Thiarnáin. Reblazon of device. Purpure, a weeping willow tree blasted and eradicated and in chief three decrescents within a bordure embattled grady argent.

Originally blazoned as Purpure, a willow tree eradicated and in chief three decrescents within a bordure embattled grady argent, the emblazon shows a weeping willow. As the emblazon doesn't show any leaves, the tree is blasted as well as eradicated.

Roswitha Goldfink. Reblazon of device. Argent, a weeping willow tree proper, on a chief vert three roses Or.

Originally blazoned as Argent, a willow tree proper, on a chief vert three roses Or, the emblazon shows a weeping willow.

Stephen Bridewell. Badge. Argent, a cross vert and in dexter chief a harp sable.

Takeda Sanjuichiro Akimasa. Name.

Tréphine la Broderesse. Name and device. Argent, on a bend sinister between six fishes haurient embowed to sinister purpure, a needle threaded argent.

The fact that the thread entwines the needle is an artistic variant of the normal depiction of the thread flowing "behind" the needle.

Úlfr Edmundarson. Name.

Willa Faye Dunne. Reblazon of device. Or, a bend enarched sable surmounted by a weeping willow tree vert, a bordure embattled sable.

Originally blazoned as Or, a bend enarched sable surmounted by a willow tree vert, a bordure embattled sable, the emblazon shows a weeping willow.

CAID

Linnet of Liddington. Reblazon of badge. (Fieldless) A linnet Or perched atop and sustained by a sprig bendwise vert flowered of a garden rose gules and another argent.

This badge, orginally blazoned (Fieldless) A linnet Or perched upon a sprig vert flowered of a garden rose gules and another argent, has been reblazoned to better indicate the relative sizes and positions of the co-primary bird and sprig.

Selene Colfox. Reblazon of Badge. (Fieldless) A stalk of celery palewise between two brown fox's tails, tips to chief, proper.

Originally blazoned as (Fieldless) A stalk of celery between two fox's tails palewise proper, the original blazon did not correctly specify the tincture of the fox's tails. A fox's tail proper is gules with an argent tip by SCA convention; the exact details of that tip are considered artistic license. There is no default orientation for a fox's tail; this has been reblazoned to explicitly describe the tails' orientation.

CALONTIR

Aengus Stiubhard Mac Dhughaill. Device change. Barry wavy argent and azure, a ship gules and a chief wavy sable mulletty Or.

His former device, Barry and per pale argent and vert, a cross crosslet fitchy sable, is retained as a badge.

Áine Finnólfsdottir. Name.

The submitter requested authenticity for 800 Irish/Norse and accepted minor changes. While this name is registerable as submitted, we are unable to make it authentic. There are several factors that prevent this. First, the name combines Irish and Norse spelling conventions. While names that combine native Norse and native Irish names exist, when they are found they are entirely in the spelling appropriate for the language of the record. If the record is in Old Norse, then the name is a fully Old Norse spelling; if in Irish, then the name is in a fully Irish spelling. (This is true of the majority of language mixtures, which is why mixing languages is typically considered at least one step from period practice). Unfortunately, we have been unable to find either an Old Norse form of Áine or an Irish form of Finnólfsdottir, nor are we sufficiently versed in how such names might be written in the appropriate languages to hazard a guess. Finally, while an 800 Irish/Norse mixed name is possible, it is highly unlikely. According to The Annals of Ulster the Viking raids start around 820. For these reasons, we are unable to comply with her request for authenticity.

Amba allrasystir. Name and device. Azure, an alphyn passant and on a chief Or three step-cut gemstones azure.

Amira bint Mikhail of Safita. Name.

The submitter has a letter from Michael of Safita allowing her to make the claim in her registered name that she is his daughter.

Andor i Ólgarði. Name and device. Argent semy of maple leaves gules, an eagle azure and a bordure sable.

Submitted as Andor Ólgarðr, while the byname is a well formed Old Norse placename, it is not a properly formed Old Norse locative byname. The expected form for a locative byname would be either i Ólgarði (from Olgarðr) or inn Ólgarðski (man from Ólgarðr). We have changed the name to Andor i Ólgarði in order to register it. This name mixes Danish and Old Norse; this is one step from period practice. If the submitter is interested in a fully Old Norse form of this name, we suggest Arnþórr í Ólgarði; Arnþórr is the name from which Andor derives according to the documentation included with this submission, "Old Norse Men's Names and their Meanings" by Mistress Gunnvör sílfrahárr.

Catalina Artemisia Anguissola. Device change. Azure, a winged fish volant bendwise and in base a bar wavy Or.

Her former device, Per chevron gules and ermine, two roses Or and another gules within a bordure Or, is retained as a badge.

Catalina Artemisia Anguissola. Alternate name Katelina Biornsdottir.

Submitted as Katelina Björnsdotter, the submitter allowed any changes and cares most about sound. As submitted, the formation of the byname is incorrect. The correct patronymic form of this byname in Old Norse is Bjarnardóttir. However, this changes the sound of the name fairly significantly. Therefore, we have changed this name to Katelina Biornsdottir. Biornsson is dated to 1454 in the Sveriges Medeltida Personnamn (SMP) s.n. Biorn.

As submitted the name mixed English and Old Norse, which is one step from period practice. As registered, the name mixes Swedish and English, which is also one step from period practice. If the submitter is interested in a fully Old Norse form of this name, we suggest Kaðlín Bjarnardóttir, which can be documented from Geirr Bassi, The Old Norse Name. If the submitter is interested in a fully Swedish form of this name, we suggest Katerina Biornsdottir; Aryanhwy merch Catmeal, Swedish Feminine Given Names from SMP lists Katerina in 1515 and earlier. We have been unable to locate an English equivalent for this byname and so cannot suggest a fully English form for this name.

Catalina Artemisia Anguissola. Badge. Per pale purpure and Or all semy of bears sejant erect counterchanged.

Conall mac Fearghasa Charraigh. Name and device. Per chevron gules and azure, a wolf couchant contourny and two triquetras bases to center one and two argent.

Submitted as Conall Fearghas na Carraigh, no documentation was submitted and none found for double given names in Irish. We have changed the second given name to the patronymic byname mac Fearghasa in order to register it. All examples of the descriptive byname Carraigh appear without the definite article, and almost all examples the C is lenited in names using the pattern given + patronymic + descriptive. We registered this name as Conall mac Fearghasa Charraigh to match the documentation.

As documented, this name combined Middle Irish Conall with an otherwise Early Modern Irish, which is one step from period practice. However, further research revealed that Conall is also an Early Modern Irish form. We note that as registered the name means "Conall, son of Fergus the scabby." If the submitter wants a name meaning "Conall the scabby, son of Fergus", we suggest Conall Carraigh mac Fearghas.

The spelling of Fearghas was documented on the Letter of Intent as a variation of Fearghus; the documentation was only that that spelling had been registered before. We would remind the College of Arms that previous registration of a name element is not proof of current registrability. Unless the grandfather clause is being invoked (in which case, the registered form IS the documentation) all name elements must be documented from sources other than the Armorial. In this case, we found documentation of the submitted spelling Fearghas in the poem Iomdha uaisle ar iath Laighean written toward the end of the 16th C. This poem is found at the CELT site (www.ucc.ie/celt).

Constantia Innocenti. Device. Or, on a bend sinister dancetty purpure between two rats rampant gules three hands inverted Or.

Dammo Utwiler. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Dammo von Uttenweiller, the submitter requested authenticity for 14th/15th C German. The spelling Uttenweiler was found at the International Civic Arms website (http://www.ngw.nl/). While this site is an excellent site for documenting that a place existed at a particular point in time, the name forms given are the current names/spellings for the place. Blaeu's Atlas (available at http://www.library.ucla.edu/yrl/reference/maps/blaeu/), published in 1645, shows this place as Ottenweiler. Brechenmacher, Etymologisches Woerterbuch der deutschen Familiennamen s.n. Uttw(e)iler, says that "< ON Utwil...Auch das heutige Autenweiler" (<placename Utwil..also the current Autenweiler) and dates Hein. Utwiler to 1399. We have changed the name to Dammo Utwiler to fulfill his request for authenticity.

Elena de Rennes. Name and device. Per pale argent and azure, a demi-sun counterchanged.

Eoin Ravenscroft. Device. Or, a raven contourny perched atop and maintaining a crossbow fesswise reversed, in dexter chief a tower sable, a bordure wavy azure.

Finán mac Domnaill. Device. Per pale vert and azure, a harp argent between in pale two arrows fesswise reversed Or, a bordure argent.

Gabrielle d'Evereaux. Name.

Submitted as Gabrielle D'evereaux, when an article is used as a separate element in a late period French byname, it is rendered in all lowercase while the first letter of the placename is capitalized. We have changed the name to Gabrielle d'Evereaux to match period forms.

Giric Taillur. Name and device. Argent semy of Lochaber axes sable, on a bend sinister purpure a crossbow argent.

This name mixes Gaelic and proto-Scots in a single name; this is one step from period practice.

Gracye Malley. Name.

This name raised the question of whether the 16th C pirate Grainne inghean Mháille, known in English as Grace O'Malley is important enough to protect. If she is, then the two names are in conflict. How does the pirate rate according to the Admin handbook and by the criteria laid out in the Cover letter of November 2004:

-	Does she have her own entry in the Encyclopedia Britannica? She does not have an entry under either the Gaelic or the English name, at least not in the online edition.

-	Is she a sovereign? No, she is not.

-	Did she flourish in period? Yes, she flourished at the end of the 16th C.

-	Does the name have a high recognizability factor? We believe these names are moderately recognizable. An informal web query ran about 60/40 yes to no -- with a fairly large number saying "well, it sounded familiar, but I couldn't quite place it." Only one commenter called a conflict, and only two noted the reference.

-	How ordinary is the name? In the Irish Annals, both the Gaelic given name and byname are encountered frequently from the 14th-16th C.

Reluctantly, I must conclude that, under our rules, Grainne inghen Mháille/Grace O'Malley, the pirate, is not important enough to protect. Therefore, no conflict exists in this case.

Olaus af Scherffø. Name and device. Or, a standing balance purpure and on a chief dovetailed vert three open books Or.

Submitted as Olaus of Skjærv{o/}y, the submitter requested a name authentic to 11th C Norway. As submitted, the locative byname combines English and Norwegian in the same name phrase in violation of RfS III.1.a. In addition, Skjærv{o/}y is the standard modern spelling for this name; no documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that this spelling is consistent with period forms. Rygh, Oluf. Norske Gaardnavne, "Norwegian Farm Names" (http://www.dokpro.uio.no/rygh_ng/rygh_form.html) lists Scherffø in 1559. The standard preposition used in Norwegian locative bynames is af. Therefore, we have changed the name to Olaus af Scherff{o/} in order to register it. We have not been able to locate spellings for this placename earlier than the 16th C, therefore, we are unable to make the name authentic for the submitter's desired time period.

Phaedra of Vatavia. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Quiteria la Roja. Name and device. Quarterly argent and gules, two cats sejant contourny gules.

Rós Fhionn inghean Domhnaill. Name.

Submitted as Rós Fionn inghean Domhnall, Gaelic grammar requires two changes. First, descriptive bynames that start with the letter f lenite when used with a feminine given name. Therefore, Fionn must be lenited. Second, the patronymic needs to be put into the genitive case. We have changed the name to Rós Fhionn inghean Domhnaill in order to correct the grammar.

Steffen Albert Rheinbauer. Device. Azure, a sinister gauntlet clenched aversant bendwise sustaining a rose slipped and leaved bendwise sinister argent, in chief a mural coronet, all within an orle of chain Or.

The submitter was made a knight in November 1989 and a count in March 1993 and is thus eligible to use the restricted coronet and orle of chain.

Sven Gøstafson von Bremen. Name change from holding name Sven of Vatavia.

Taliesin of Three Rivers. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Quarterly argent and sable, a cross flory and a bordure counterchanged.

Nice armory!

Submitted under the name Taliesin of Lyonesse

Willewyn Glaswryghte. Name change from Willewyn of Three Rivers.

DRACHENWALD

Duarte Gonçalves do Monte. Name.

Submitted as Duarte Gonçalves de Montes, the locative byname de Montes was constructed from the bynames Montes and Montanyes, neither of which was found with the preposition de. However, Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Portuguese Names from Lisbon, 1565" shows the surname do Monte. We have changed the name to Duarte Gonçalves do Monte in order to register it.

Etienne Fevre. Name.

Godwyn Stuart de Lacy. Name and device. Per fess sable and gules, a sword inverted and a tierce argent.

Hagen von Scharfeneck. Name and device. Argent, a chevron couched from dexter throughout gules.

Please advise the submitter that a chevron couched should issue from the side of the shield and not from the chief.

Mary verch Thomas. Device. Argent, a chevron inverted cotised purpure.

Pehr Fogtilain. Name and device. Per chevron sable and vert, two tankards and a flame Or.

This device does not conflict with Prydwen of Gryphonscrag, Per chevron sable and vert, a gryphon argent and a male gryphon Or combatant, in base a flame proper. There is a CD for changing both the type and tincture of two of three charges. A visual inspection of the flame on Prydwen's device shows that it is more than half gules, allowing a CD for changing its tincture and that of the dexter gryphon to Or.

Sarra Asshton of York. Name.

EALDORMERE

Constance the Curious. Device. Per pale argent and purpure, two dragons addorsed, conjoined at the tails, counterchanged.

Griffin de Stokeport. Name change from Griffin Brandt and badge. (Fieldless) A mullet of seven points per pale azure and Or.

The submitter requested authenticity for 14th C England, but no documentation was included showing the spelling Griffin in the 14th C. Bardsley, A Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames s.n. Griffin, notes a Griffin Parpoynt during the reign of Edward III, which places this spelling squarely in the 14th C.

His old name, Griffin Brandt, is released.

John Lindsay. Name.

This is not a conflict with John Vliet Lindsay, Mayor of New York City in the 1960s. Although John Lindsay has his own article in the Encyclopedia Britannica, very few commenters recognized the name. In addition, the historical figure did not flourish until well after our period. While his actions helped prevent unrest in the largest US city during a very turbulent time, his memory does not appear to be highly influential to the practice of politics today. Therefore, he is not important enough to protect.

His device, Per bend argent and azure, a winged cat salient and a decrescent counterchanged, was registered under this name in November 2004. It was not noticed that a holding name needed to be created until after the name was pended, but since the name is now registered, no correction of name is necessary in this case.

Lachlan MacLean. Household name House Golden Willow and badge. Vert, a willow tree eradicated within a bordure Or.

Laurel has ruled "There is a CD between a willow tree and a standard round shaped tree, just as there is a type CD between a pine tree and a standard round shaped tree. [Aleyn More, 09/02, A-Caid]". This precedent applies to a weeping willow tree; not a willlow tree. The compiled precedents do not note that Aleyn's tree is a weeping willow tree, a fact made clear in the device's blazon, Per pale vert and argent, a weeping willow counterchanged.

As discussed in the Cover Letter, the default willow is similar to an oak tree and there is not a CD between the two. The willow tree most often used in the SCA is actually the weeping willow, which is a significantly different (a CD) from an oak tree.

This does not conflict with: Torcail Ó Maonaigh, Vert, a tree blasted issuant from base, on a bordure Or three increscents vert. There is a CD for removing the tertiaries. There is a second CD for the type of tree. This is also clear of Huette Aliza von und zu Ährens und Mechthildberg, Vert, a tree blasted throughout Or. There is a CD for adding the bordure and another for the type of tree.

Maria the Black. Device. Argent, a natural panther statant sable, a base rayonny gules.

Mathild de Valognes. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Mahhild de Valognes, the submitter requested authenticity for 11th C Anglo-Norman. The documentation for the name Mahhild was from Withycombe, The Oxford Dictionary of English Given Names. This document does not date this spelling, but it does suggests that it was used in period. Therefore, the spelling Mahhild is registerable. However, without dates, we cannot determine for which century it may be authentic. We do have forms of the given name dated to the 11th or early 12th C whose spellings are very close to the submitter spelling. These forms include Mathild, Matheld in 1086 and Mahald 1119, both from Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames s.n. Maud. We have changed the name to Mathild de Valognes to comply with the submitter's request for authenticity.

Swans Keep, Canton of. Branch name and device. Argent, a laurel wreath and on a chief azure three swans statant close argent.

Urraca de la Mar. Name.

The submitter requested authenticity for 15th C Spanish. While this name is a lovely period Spanish name, the given name Urraca had fallen out of use by the 15th C. Therefore, it is unlikely that this name is authentic for that time period.

EAST

Ariel de Narbonne. Reblazon of device. Or, a weeping willow tree couped and on a chief vert three suns in splendor Or.

Originally blazoned as Or, a willow tree couped and on a chief vert three suns in splendor Or, the emblazon shows a weeping willow.

Evelyn Macewen of Kynblathmund. Reblazon of device. Azure, a bend wavy between a fox passant argent and a weeping willow tree Or.

Originally blazoned as Azure, a bend wavy between a fox passant argent and a willow tree Or, the emblazon shows a weeping willow.

Jacques Chanson d'Osier. Reblazon of device. Argent, a weeping willow tree azure and on a chief gules a lute reversed argent.

Originally blazoned as Argent, a willow tree azure and on a chief gules a lute reversed argent, the emblazon shows a weeping willow.

Jenne McGill. Reblazon of device. Or, on a chevron sable a decrescent Or, in base a weeping willow tree vert.

Originally blazoned as Or, on a chevron sable a decrescent Or, in base a willow tree vert, the emblazon shows a weeping willow.

Klaus Rother von Schweinichen and Thaddeus von Orlamünde. Joint badge for Gesellschaft mit der Mondsichel. (Fieldless) A helm sable torsed mantled and maintaining as a crest a crescent Or.

This badge was returned in kingdom on the grounds that it resembles a crest and precedent has indicated many times that the SCA does not register crests. However, a variety of period evidence located by the College of Arms and by Wreath staff suggests that a helm with mantling and a crest is not at all unreasonable as an heraldic charge.

Certainly, plain helms are found as charges in period heraldry. They can, for example, be found in the arms of Daubeney (St. George's Roll 1285), Compton and Hamby (Collins' Roll 1295), Helmshoven (Zurich Roll 1340), von Widlungen (Siebmacher 1605), and Robertoun (Pont's Manuscript 1624). In addition, Parker (p. 317 s.n. Helmet) mentions that helmets used as heraldic charges are sometimes found with plumes of feathers, a fact borne out by Papworth's blazon of the arms of Mynyot from Philipot's Ordinary (1406), Arg. three helmets with open visors adorned with plumes of feathers az, and by the arms of von Frese (Siebmacher p. 204), Azure, a helm affronty proper crested of three ostrich plumes argent. Period examples of helms crested of items other than feathers can be found in multiple examples from Siebmacher: von Helme (p. 205), Argent, a helm proper crested of five banners sable, die Schaden (p. 208), Azure, a helm affronty proper mantled Or and crested of three pennons gules, argent and Or, Kircheim (p. 243), Gules, a helm affronty proper mantled Or and crested of a pair of horns argent, Kirttorf (p. 243), Gules, a helm affronty proper mantled azure and crested of a pair of horns argent, and Niedenstein (p.244), Or, a helm affronty proper crested of a lion rampant gules between a pair of bull's horns sable. These examples, several of which include both crest and mantling, lead us to conclude that the submitted badge, despite the unattested addition of the torse, is acceptable style.

Stonemarche, Barony of. Badge for the Company of Gesters. Argent, a double lion's tail couped azure.

As noted on the September 2004 LoAR, the name Company of Gesters is a generic identifier.

GLEANN ABHANN

Abigail Gryndley. Name and device. Per chevron embattled sable and gules, three roses one and two argent barbed and seeded proper and a lion passant reguardant, a bordure argent.

Nice name!

The tincture of the roses was omitted on the Letter of Intent, but enough commenters deduced the correct tincture to ensure that the device was adquately checked for conflicts.

Áine ingen in Gobhann. Name.

Submitted as Áine ingen Gabhainn, the submitter requested authenticity for 12th C Irish. The name Aíne should be fine for this period; Mac Carthaigh's Books on the CELT site (www.ucc.ie/celt) lists an Aine ingin Mic Murchadha in the entry for 1169. The patronymic is a bit more problematic. The patronymic Gabhainn was documented as the modern Gaelic spelling from MacLysaght, The Surnames of Ireland. However, the Annals of Ulster lists a Mael Brigte m. in Gobann in 1061. We have changed the name to Aíne ingen in Gobann to fulfill her request for authenticity.

There was some question whether ingen, which is a Middle Irish Gaelic feminine patronymic marker, was appropriate with an Early Modern Irish Gaelic patronymic. The answer is that this depends on the dates for the patronymic. The dates for Middle Irish changing to Early Modern Irish are generally given as the 12th C. However, the gods of language didn't throw a magic linguistics switch in 1100; there is a period of a century or so where old forms and new forms tend to be found intermingled. Since the 12th century falls squarely into this period, and because we have ample evidence of both forms of the patronymic marker being used in this period, the marker ingen is fine in this case.

Annette Rapaille. Name and device. Azure, in saltire two feathers argent, a bordure Or.

Submitted as Annette de Rapaille, the byname is documented as deriving from a generic topographic feature. The preposition de is not used in bynames formed from generic topographics. We have dropped the proposition to correct the grammar.

Antonia Soranzo. Name and device. Vair, in saltire a rapier inverted Or and a quill pen gules.

Carson Wynne. Device. Quarterly gules ermined argent and argent ermined gules, a stag's head erased within a bordure embattled sable.

Duncan MacGregor of Gleann Abhann. Name.

Fia Douglas. Name and device. Per pall gules Or and azure, a buck springing azure and an owl rising Or.

This name mixes Italian and Scots in a single name; this is one step from period practice. If the submitter is interested in a fully Italian form of this name, we suggest Fia de Dogles. Electrum notes, "The Stemarrio Trivulziano, a full colour roll of arms from Italy in c. 1390, pl. 132, shows a set of arms for a Douglas (argent, a heart gules and on a chief azure three mullets argent), with the caption "de Dogles (zoé de Sco(tti) da Placent(ia)"."

Francesca Serena Talenti. Name and device. Azure, a bend sinister argent between a martlet and a lyre Or.

Frederick Alton. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Gwalchmai ap Meredith. Name.

Jehanne Darc de la Coste. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Jehanne Darc Delacôte, the commenters raised two issues with this name: whether double inherited surnames (as opposed to two descriptions or descriptive bynames) were used in period French, and whether the name is presumptuous of Saint Joan of Arc (whose name in French can be rendered Jehanne d'Arc). Both of these issues must be addressed to determine if the name is registerable.

Do we have evidence of double inherited surnames in period French naming practice? No documention was submitted showing such a practice, nor did the College find any. A search through the available web sources (the Medieval Names Archive and the Laurel Website) shows no examples of such formations, and precedent suggests that proof of this pattern has not been found in the past. Therefore, barring documentation of such a practice, French names using two inherited surnames are not registerable. All is not lost, though: we do have rare instances of French names using what appears to be an inherited surname and a second byname in the form of a true locative. Examples include Johanne Mercerii de Amiliavo and Deodato Alaus de Sancto Baudilio de Levezone from Margaret Makafee, "Some Names in Latin from a French document, circa 1442". Changing the byname to de la Côte changes its form from an inherited surname to a potentially literal locative byname. However, there are still some problems with this locative, even with this change. The use of the circumflex (ô)is extremely rare during our period, and there is no evidence that this name used this character until after our period. Instead, it is found as Delacoste in Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Names Found in Commercial Documents from Bordeaux, 1470-1520 ", while examples in Dauzat et Rostaing, Dictionnaire Etymologique des Noms de Lieux de la France, suggest that de la Costes would be an appropriate late period form for this byname.

So, is the name presumptuous? It makes an unmistakable reference to the saint's name, but does this mean that it is a claim to be the saint? We believe that it does not make such a claim. For a name to be presumptuous, the names must either be in conflict or the allusion must be so strong that there is no doubt that the name is an attempt to be the person it presumes on. The addition of the locative, which is not associated with the saint, is sufficient to avoid presumption. Note that the addition of a locative or descriptive byname to a famous name is not in itself sufficient to avoid presumption; the locative or descriptive must be one that does not allude to the famous name. For example, Jehanne Darc de Domrémy or Jehanne Darc de Lorraine would be presumptuous, because, although the saint's name is not found with these locatives, she was raised on the estate of Domrémy in Lorraine. Likewise, descriptive bynames such as la fille or la pucelle (maiden, in both cases) would be presumptuous of "the maid of Orleans", as would descriptives referring to battle, martyrdom, or seeing visions/mental instability.

Since the name, by itself, is not presumptuous (despite the strong references -- we note that an addition reference to the saint in the submitter's arms may push the combination over the top), changing the second surname to a true locative/topographic byname should make the name registerable. We have changed the name to Jehanne Darc de la Coste in order to register it.

John the Bellringer. Name and device. Per saltire sable and vert, a saltire parted and fretted between four four-leaf shamrocks saltirewise slipped to base argent.

Submitted as John the Bell Ringer, the submitter accepted minor changes. Although the LoI noted "Submitter has expressed a desire for an authentic 10-16th century Scottish name", the submitter annotated the authenticity section with "(I just want it to pass, I don't care about either of these choices)". There is no evidence for a descriptive byname with either the form or meaning bellringer in Scotland, but the documentation provided does show Belringer as a 13 C surname. The OED (www.oed.com) lists the spelling bellryngers in the 16th C, so the form the Bellringer should be fine for the 16th C. No documentation was provided and none found showing a compound English byname of the form object+space+occupational word; all examples we have occur without the space. We have changed the name to John the Bellringer to match the documentation.

Kolr bogsveigir. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Kol Bogsveigir, the submitter requested authenticity for Old Norse and accepted all changes. Kol is documented as a Norse name found in an English translation of an Old Norse Saga; the name in the original saga is transcribed as Kolr. In addition, long standing precedent forbids the registration of mixed-case descriptive bynames in Old Norse. We have changed the name to Kolr bogsveigir to fulfill the submitter's request for authenticity and in order to register the name.

Litel Jon of the Home. Name.

This name is not a conflict with Little John, the character from the Robin Hood legend. RFS V.1.b.ii says "A personal name containing at most two name phrases does not conflict with any personal name containing a different number name phrases." As the character from the Robin Hood legend is only known by his given name and the descriptive byname, adding a locative here clears conflict. However, this raises the question of whether the name is presumptuous of this character. We believe that it is not. For a name to be presumptuous, the names must either be in conflict or the allusion must be so strong that there is no doubt that the name is an attempt to be the person it presumes on. The addition of the locative, which is not associated with the Robin Hood character, is sufficient to clear both conflict and presumption.

Otto Copman. Name.

Submitted as Otto de Kopman, the submitter requested a name authentic to 13th C Germany. Brechanmacher, Etmologisches Wuurterbuch der Deutschen Familiennamen, s.n. Kopman, dates the spelling Copman to 1277. No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that the non-German article de was appropriate in this name. We have changed the name to Otto Copman in order to register it and to fulfill the submitter's request for authenticity.

The submitter had expressed a preference for the spelling Koopmann. While we did not find this spelling as a period German name, Nebuly notes the byname (de) koopman in Middle Dutch in Beele, Studie van de Ieperse Persoonsnamen uit de Stads- en Baljuwsrekeningen 1250-1400. While such a combination may not be authentic, the name Otto de Koopman is certainly registerable.

Robert McRegan. Name.

Wulfran Forester. Badge. (Fieldless) A winged unicorn segreant argent within and conjoined to an annulet Or.

LOCHAC

Drusticc inigena Eddarrnonn. Device. Gules, a crescent bendwise sinister argent.

Elyas de Dunblan. Name and device. Quarterly sable and azure, a cross between four crescents argent.

Submitted as Elyas of Dunblane, the submitter requested a name authentic to 11th-13th C Scotland and accepted minor changes. The given name was documented as an English name, not a Scottish name. However, Black, The Surnames of Scotland, s.n. Elias lists several forms for this name, including Elyas in 1307. This is just past the 13th C and would be an unremarkable spelling for the late 12th C. Therefore, the given name is authentic for this place/time. Although the submitter cites a Laurence of Dunblane in 1296 in Scotland, this form appears to be a translation into a standard modern form. For one thing, in the 13th C in Scotland, the expected article is de rather than of. Black's source for this name is almost certainly the Ragman Rolls, which may be viewed online at http://www.rampantscotland.com/ragman/blragman_index.htm. This source shows the name as Dunblan, Laurence de. We have changed the name to Elyas de Dunblan in order to register it and to fulfill his request for authenticity.

Fineamhain an Einigh inghean ui Chonchobhair. Device. Quarterly gules and azure, on a fess Or three bees sable.

Katrijn van Delden. Name and device. Erminois, a dragon sable within an orle azure.

Leta von Goslar. Name correction from Leta von Golsar.

Her old name, Leta von Golsar, is released.

Margarita de la Carrera. Name and device. Sable, a bear sejant erect within an orle within an orle of mullets argent.

Nice name!

Several commenters suggested that this device could be blazoned Argent, on an escutcheon sable a bear sejant erect argent and a bordure sable mullety argent and, as such, would violate RfS XI.4, which forbids the use of a charged inescutcheon. However, as has been noted many times in precedent, it is possible to blazon your way out of a style problem, and the blazon presented on the Letter of Intent is a legitimate one. In a similar situation, returning Argent, an eagle displayed within an orle within an orle of lozenges orlewise sable, Laurel wrote, "As this could equally well be blazoned (as Papworth has done with similar designs), Sable an inescutcheon argent charged with an eagle sable all within a bordure argent semy of lozenges sable, it conflicts with Fylkyn (Papworth, p. 687), Sable an escutcheon argent within a bordure of the last charged with billets of the first" [Brian the Blackhawk, 01/94, R-East]. In that case, the device was returned because you cannot blazon your way out of a conflict, but no mention was made of problems with presumption under RfS XI.4. Since no conflicts were found for this device, we feel that it is registerable using the submitted blazon.

Pedro Fernandes. Name.

Sorcha inghean ui Cheallaigh. Name.

Wilfred Scrivener. Device change. Purpure, a pile cotised argent.

His former device, Per pale vert and argent, a dragon contourny gules, is released.

MERIDIES

Robert Hightower of Meridies. Reblazon of badge for House Black Willow. Checky argent and vert, a weeping willow tree blasted sable.

Originally blazoned as Checky argent and vert, a willow tree blasted eradicated sable, the emblazon shows a weeping willow. The tree in the emblazon is not eradicated by modern definitions.

MIDDLE

Elizabella Marchant. Device. Per bend sinister argent and azure, a rose proper and a garb Or.

Etienne Saintier. Name.

Fergus MacPherson. Name and device. Vert, an equal-armed Celtic cross formy and on a chief Or two lozenges vert.

The submitter requested authenticity for 10th-12th C and accepted minor changes only. As submitted, the various parts of the name can be documented in Scots in the 15th C. Thus, the name is authentic, but not for the time period specified by the submitter. We are unable to find a Gaelic form of the patronymic MacPherson earlier than the 14th C, therefore, we are unable to suggest an authentic 10th-12th C Gaelic form of this name.

Finnvarðr mj{o,}ksiglandi Grísson. Name and device. Per fess rayonny gules and azure, in chief two oars in saltire argent.

Submitted as Finnvarðr Mj{o,}ksiglandi Grisson, by precedent, descriptive bynames in Old Norse names are not registerable in mixed case. In addition, the documentation shows the name Griss, the name on which the patronymic is based, as Gríss. We have changed the name to Finnvarðr mj{o,}ksiglandi Grísson in order to register it and to match the documentation.

Imayne de Merlowe. Name change from Alexandra Adderly and device. Gules, two lions sejant addorsed regardant, a bordure Or.

Her old name, Alexandra Adderly, is released.

Ingrid Elizabeth de Marksberry. Badge. (Fieldless) A slip of elderberry flowered and fructed proper.

Ioan James de Marksberry. Name and device. Per pale azure and vert, two swords in saltire between in pale a helm argent and a flame proper.

As documented, this name is two steps from period practice. First, it combines Gaelic and English. Second, the combination Ioan James is documented as a two given names; double given names combining Gaelic and English are not registerable. However, this name can be documented so that it has no steps from period practice. First, Reaney, A Dictionary of English Surnames, lists a Richard le Fitz Joan in 1327. As I is often the letter used to represent J in period manuscripts, Fitz Ioan is an expected documentary form for this patronymic. In addition, the second given name James can be interpreted as an unmarked patronymic. Patterns of unmarked patronymic bynames is well documented in English names, and Reaney, s.n. James, lists an Emma James in 1187.

Julia Koressina. Name.

Julia is the submitter's legal given name.

Konrad Ryman. Name and device (see RETURNS for badge). Or, a scimitar reversed bendwise sinister sustained by an armored arm fesswise embowed and on a chief azure three martlets Or.

The submitter requested an authentic German name. This is a reasonable 14th C German name.

Máol Rúain mac Seáin. Name and device. Or crusilly purpure, a cock rising wings addorsed sable.

Submitted as Máel Rúain mac Seáin, the submitter requested an authentic 13th C Irish name. As submitted, the name mixes a Middle Irish spelling for the given name with an Early Modern Irish patronymic. Changing the spelling of the given name to the normalized Maol Rúain makes the name completely Early Modern Irish appropriate for circa 13th C; we have made this change to give the submitter a temporally consistent spelling per his request. However, this change still does not make the name authentic. There are two problems that prevent an authentic name in this case. First, the latest example we have found of a person using the given name Mael Ruain or Maol Ruain is in 880 when the Annals of the Four Masters mentions "Maol Ruain, epscop Lusca." (Note, that the Annals of the Four Masters is written late in our period; although the name itself dates to 880, the spelling used here is Early Modern Irish.) Because there is a saint of this name, the name is registerable in both its Middle and Early Modern Irish form, but we do not know whether it actually continued in use into the time appropriate for Early Modern Irish. Second, the name Sean is the Gaelic form of the name John, which was introduced into Ireland sometime in the 12th C. If the given name was not used as a given name after the 9th C, we cannot combine it with a name found at the earliest in the 12th C and have an authentic name.

Mathilda Harper. Name and device. Per chevron inverted azure and paly Or and vert.

Nice name!

Please advise the submitter to draw the per chevron division so that it more evenly divides the field.

Mathildis Death. Badge. Vert, a swan rousant argent charged on the breast with a feather bendwise vert.

Middle, Kingdom of the. Reblazon of badge for the Order of the Willow. Purpure, a weeping willow tree eradicated Or.

Originally blazoned as Purpure, a willow tree eradicated Or, the emblazon shows a weeping willow.

Miklós Magdolna. Name change from Caitlin of Greencastle.

This name raises the question of proper name order in Hungrian naming practices. While Hungarian names are generally registered using the constructions surname + given name, for names using unmarked patronymics, precendent holds that the order should be given name + surname:

The question was raised as to which is the appropriate form for Hungarian names, with the given name first or the byname first. Hungarian names may be registered with either the given name or byname as the first element, except when the byname is an unmarked patronym or metronym. In that case, the byname should follow the given name; this is consistent with Hungarian practice through the mid 16th century, and should help to avoid future confusion. [István Nyiregyhazi, August 1998]

Rede Booke and Kolosvari Arpadne Julia argue that while given name + surname is found in Hungarian names when the name is in a Latin context, and when the given name (although not necessarily the surname) is written in Latin. However, she argues, when the full name is rendered in Hungarian, the order is always reversed. Furthermore, she argues that rendering a fully Hungarian name in given name + surname order yields a name with a meaning different than that intended by the submitter:

In Latin-language contexts, names were Latinized to varying degrees, depending on time period and level of formality. Earlier or more formal documents typically write names entirely in Latin, which would yield in this case <Magdalena filia Nicolai> (see 1237-40: <... filii nepotis Nicolai>, among others, in Fehértói s.n. Nicolaus). As they became more common, scribes started leaving bynames in the vernacular, yielding <Magdalena Miklos> (see <Andream Myklos> 1458 etc., Kázmér s.n. Miklós). In this pattern, the given name is written in Latin, declined according to the rules of Latin grammar; and the name as a whole follows Latin name order.

"This translation of name order along with given name is taken for granted in Hungary...The pattern shows up often in late-period legal records from eastern Transylvania. (These records switch from Latin to Hungarian and back, without warning, sometimes mid-paragraph or even mid-sentence.) An example: "Attestationes Stephani Nagy ... contra Albertum Lengelj"(1590). In the Hungarian-language testimony of the various witnesses, the defendant is named "Lengelj Albert". (Székely Oklevél-tár p. 203.)

The other side of the question is the unmarked patronymic, and the confusion it can cause...a side effect of the standard way to Latinize names is that the SCAdian practice of simply switching the order can yield names with the wrong meaning. For example, "Antonius Miklos" and "Miklos Antal" are the same person, Anthony the son of Nicholas (1591, Sz. Okl. p. 219), but "Antal Miklos" (1591, ibid p. 235) is Nicholas, the son of Anthony."

We note that it is not easy for the everyday herald, or even for the Sovereign of Arms, to recognize Hungarian forms when such a name appears in isolation or to recognize the name order. This raises a specter of conflict checking names both backwards and forwards -- how do you tell if a which element is the given name and which the byname?

So, what to do? In this case, we must return to first principles. RfS 1.1 says

The Society for Creative Anachronism studies pre-Seventeenth Century Western Culture. The period of the Society has been defined to extend until 1600 A. D. Its domain includes Europe and areas that had contact with Europe during this period. Usages documented to have occurred regularly prior to that date within that domain shall be automatically considered compatible unless they have been specifically declared incompatible by these rules, Laurel precedent, or a policy statement of the Board of Directors.

In this case, neither the rules nor a policy statement of the Board of Directors have declared this pattern to be incompatible. Laurel precedent declares it so, saying

Hungarian names may be registered with either the given name or byname as the first element, except when the byname is an unmarked patronym or metronym. In that case, the byname should follow the given name; this is consistent with Hungarian practice through the mid 16th century. (CL with the August 1998 LoAR, p. 2)

However, evidence presented in support of this name strongly suggest that the switching of the name order for Hungarian names containinmg unmarked patronymics is not, in fact, consistent with Hungarian practice through the mid 16th century, and leads to registration of names whose meaning is incorrect. It is unfair and contrary to Corpora and to the scholarly aims of the College of Arms to refuse to register a name correctly simply because it makes our job harder. Therefore, we are overturning the precedent that forbids registering Hungarian names using unmarked patronymics in surname + given order because we now have evidence that such names are found in period Hungarian documents. Names combining a Latinized given name with a Hungarian surname must still be registered in given + surname order because all the evidence we have states that this is the correct order for these types of names.

Given this change, we remind submitters and heralds, when a Hungarian name (or a name they suspect may be Hungarian) is submitted, to check for conflict in both forward and reverse order.

Her old name, Caitlin of Greencastle, is released.

Nuala inghean Murchadha. Name and device. Vert, six escallops Or.

While the rules of Gaelic grammar require patronymics starting with M modifying feminine names to be lenited, in fact, there are several documentary Early Modern Irish examples of Murchada where the lenition is not written. Therefore, this name should be registerable as submitted.

Nice armory!

Otto von Heidelberc. Name and device. Per pale sable and ermine, two stags combattant counterchanged atop a trimount vert.

Submitted as Otto der Beger von Heidelberg, the submitter requested authenticity for 13th C Germany. No documentation was provided and none found for double bynames in 13th C Germany. The submitter's documentation also shows the spelling Heidelberc in 1216. We have changed the name to Otto von Heidelberc to comply with the submitter's request for authenticity.

Piotr Zavilov. Name and device. Azure, on a bend sable fimbriated between two panthers passant contourny heads to sinister argent spotted azure a comet argent.

Séamus Grene the Fletcher. Name and device. Argent, on a pale between two arrows inverted vert a bow argent.

This name mixes Gaelic and English; this is one step from period practice.

Sean Edward de Marksberry. Name and device. Argent, a dagger and an axe in saltire sable, a bordure sable semy of lightning bolts argent.

This name mixes Gaelic and English; this is one step from period practice. The formation of this name appears to be given + given + locative; usually double-given names are not registerable in name with Gaelic parts. However, Edward is also an attested Scots surname, so this name can be interpreted as Given + surname + locative.

Serena la Viennoise. Name and device. Per pale gules and azure, a sun per pale Or and argent.

Submitted as Serena la Viennois, in 14th C French, adjectival bynames must match the gender of the given name. For the byname Viennois, the appropriate feminine form is Viennoise; we have made this change.

The submitter requested a name authentic for 14th C Savoy. As registered, this is an authentic 14th C French name. The website http://www.archivesmonetaires.org/charles5/13670800.pdf, which is a facsimile of a letter written by Charles V in 1343 contains the phrase Humbert Dauphine de Viennois. However, in the 14th C, Occitan was the dominant language in southern France. An Occitan form of this name is equally likely for this time and place. However, we do not have the information available to suggest an appropriate Occitan form of this name.

Siobhán Drach. Name.

Thomas Haworth. Name.

Viktor Vukov. Name and device. Or, three wolves rampant azure.

Nice armory!

Ysabel la Normande. Name and device. Or, a crequier within a bordure azure.

The documentation for this name was not summarized on the LoI. Had the commenters not provided examples of the name parts in period, we would have been forced to returned this name.

Nice armory!

NORTHSHIELD

Anpliça Fiore. Device. Argent, a tulip inverted azure slipped and leaved vert between flaunches azure.

Blazoned on the Letter of Intent as a columbine, the flower on this device bears little resemblance to previously registered columbines, natural columbines, or columbines in period emblazons. We have therefore reblazoned it as a tulip inverted.

Aryanhwy merch Catmael. Blanket permission to conflict with name Aryanhwy Prytyddes merch Catmael Caermyrdin.

Aryanhwy merch Catmael. Blanket permission to conflict with name Aryanwy Lyghtefote.

Avagaye bas Ysaac. Name.

Nice name!

Leonia Talbot. Name and device. Per pall inverted argent, sable and vert, in chief a lion and a talbot combattant counterchanged.

The documentation for the given name was not adequately summarized. In this case, the summarization provided the name of the source and how to find the name in the source, but said nothing about the name itself. This information is required in a summary. Had the College not provided this information in commentary, we would have been forced to return this name.

Marian Elizabeth Wollenschläger. Device. Per bend azure and gules, a goat argent and a spinning wheel reversed Or.

Northshield, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Rede Boke Herawde.

Two issues were raised with this submission: whether this is a conflict with the tradmarked name of Redbook magazine and whether the name is an intrusively modern reference to that magazine. The Rules for Submission are silent about whether we protect trademarked names, and the Admin handbook says only "[Trademarked] names may be protected when covered by applicable laws and regulations in the country from which the material derives." Thus, while a Society publication titled Red Book could be argued to be a violation of trademark, it is highly doubtful that it's use as a heraldic title can be so viewed. Therefore, the matter hinges on whether the name is obtrusively modern. While most commenters noted the allusion, most noted that they had not found it obtrusively modern. We find that we agree with these commenters in this matter. Therefore, this title is registerable.

Robert Talbot. Name and device. Sable, a talbot rampant and on a chief argent three pawprints sable.

OUTLANDS

Adelina Marie de Castile. Name.

Originally submitted as Adelina Marie de Castile, the name was changed as kingdom to Adelina Marie de Castele The cited reason was that they believed the name was "two steps from period practice: combining English given names with Spanish bynames is one step, and the use of two given names is a 16th Century convention while "Adelina" is not found later than the 13th Century and is thus a second step for temporal disparity". However, the use of 13th C names in English names of the form given + given + byname has never been declared a step from period practice by any Sovereign of Arms. In fact, Withycombe, The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names pp xliii notes that while the fashion of giving more than one christian name became general in the 17th C, isolated examples are found by the mid 14th C. Furthermore, the name Marie is found as both a given name and a metronymic in England; this spelling is contemporary with Adelina. Therefore, this name can also be interpreted as having the form given + metronymic + locative; this pattern is certainly found in the 13th C. The name Adelina Marie de Castile does combined English and Spanish as noted in at Kingdom, this is, indeed, one step from period practice. However, as there is no second step and as the submitter did not request an authentic name, we have changed the name back to the originally submitted form.

Anna Mactaggart. Device. Per bend sinister gules and argent, a vol and dragon sejant erect counterchanged.

Caleb Stewart. Device. Sable, a stag and a greyhound combattant Or.

Ewen Adin M'Kaill. Name.

Fontaine dans Sable, Barony of. Badge. Azure, a palm frond Or within an orle of fleurs-de-lys bases outward argent.

Submitted as a badge for the Order of the Golden Palm, the order name was returned on the December 2004 LoAR. The badge is being registered as a generic badge for the barony. Please advise the submitter that the fleurs-de-lys should be drawn larger.

Fontaine dans Sable, Barony of. Badge. Azure, a lion's gambe bendwise erased Or armed and distilling gouttes gules within an orle of fleurs-de-lys bases outward argent.

Submitted as a badge for the Order of the Golden Paw, this name is not registered or in submission. The badge is being registered as a generic badge for the barony. The gouttes are the equivalent of a maintained charge. Please advise the submitter that the fleurs-de-lys should be drawn larger.

Kristyan Macrae. Name.

Outlands, Kingdom of. Designator change for heraldic title from Liber Pursuivant to Liber Herald.

Thomas Winterbourne de Kent. Device. Per pale argent and sable, a tree between four spur rowels, two and two, all counterchanged.

Uilliam mac an Ruaidh. Name change from William of Monmouth.

His old name, William of Monmouth, is released.

Víðarr leðrháls. Device. Per pale azure and Or, a double-bitted axe and in base two arrows inverted in saltire counterchanged.

TRIMARIS

Victoria Fox. Reblazon of device. Purpure, on a bend sinister argent between a pair of hands Or, three fox's tails palewise, tips to base, proper.

Originally blazoned as Purpure, on a bend sinister argent between a pair of hands couped Or, three red fox's tails inverted palewise proper, this has been reblazoned to explicitly describe the tails' orientation as there is no default orientation for a fox's tail. The proper tincture of a fox's tail is based on the SCA's defined proper tincture of a fox; that is, gules with an argent tip. The exact details of that tip are considered artistic license. In addition, hands are couped by default.

WEST

Aelia Apollonia. Name change from Aileth Gardiner.

Her old name, Aileth Gardner, is released.

Ambrose Norwich. Name.

Ástríðr in spaka. Name and device. Argent, three triquetras vert.

This is clear of Kiara Loftus, Argent, three trefoils slipped a bordure vert and of Ailis ingen uí Donnubáin, Argent, three trefoils vert and a chief embattled gules. In both cases there is a CD for removing the peripheral ordinary and a second CD for the difference between a trefoil and a triquetra.

Cassandra Rossignol. Name.

Catelin of Coventry. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Originally submitted as Caitlin of Coventry, the name was changed at kingdom to Catelin of Coventry because the given name Caitlin is unregisterable. The submitter accepted only minor changes. Technically, this is a major change, Caitlin is generally a modern Gaelic form of the name in question, while Catelin is a period English form. However, the submitter's forms note that she believed Caitlin to be an English form of the name. I believe that, in this case, the perception of the submitter must be considered as to whether the change is minor or major. As the documentation presented showed the submitted name (although wrongly) as English, changing to an English form was not a major change in this case. However, submissions heralds should be very careful when changing names for submitters who request minor changes only. If the submitter is interested a period Gaelic form of this name, we suggest Caitilín.

Grímr Eiríksson. Device change. Sable, a valknut inverted within a bordure Or.

His previous device, Sable on a pale cotised Or three anchors sable, is released.

Lourdes d'Arlès. Name and device. Vert, on a bend cotised Or, three roses proper.

Submitted as Lourdez d'Arlès, the documentation for these names was inadequately summarized on the LoI. The LoI listed only the form, page number, and work. Proper summarization of documentation requires information about what the source has to say about a name. In addition, translations must be provided for relevant citations from non-English works, such as Dauzet, Dictionnaire étymologique des Noms de Famille et Prénoms de France, the work used in this case. A bad babblefish translation makes it clear that the name Lourdez is a descriptive byname, not a given name. Dauzet, s.n. Lourd says "<<lourd>> c.-à -d. <<lourdaud>> voire <<imbécile>> Dimin: Lourdel, -delet, Lourdet (-dex, Nord et Nord-Est)" which babblefish translates to "c.-à-d. <<lourdaud>> indeed <<imbécile>> Dimin: Lourdel, -delet, Lourdet (-dex, North and Northeastern)." Failure to summarize documentation is grounds for return. However, in this case the College provided the missing information. We have changed the name to Lourdes d'Arlès in order to register it; Lourdes is the submitter's legal given name.

This is clear of Bromwynne an Harlick, Vert, on a bend cotised Or, three tulips palewise gules, slipped and leaved vert, a bordure Or. There is one CD for removing the bordure. While roses are significantly different from tulips, a second significant change is needed for a CD by RfS X.4.j(i). As heraldic roses are essentially round charges they cannot be palewise, therefore there is no difference for the orientation of the flowers. However, precedent states "Tulips are like thistles, the slipping and leaving of a tulip makes up more than half the charge; therefore, it is the tincture of the slips and leaves rather than the tincture of the flower that is used when checking conflict. [Catharina de Bruyn, 09/00, R-Middle]". This means that changing the tincture of the flowers from mostly vert to mostly gules is a significant change. The change in type and tincture of the flowers provides the necessary second CD.

Robert of Ravenshill. Device. Per saltire argent and checky vert and argent, in chief a raven rising wings addorsed sable.

Robert of Ravenshill. Badge. (Fieldless) A ferret statant erect vert.

Sophia Kress. Name and device. Per saltire azure and argent, in pale two seeblätter Or.

Sorcha Fhionn inghean uí Ruairc and Josephus Piscator. Joint badge. Azure, a bend sinister between two pawprints Or, a bordure argent.

Thrystan of Wickleigh. Reblazon of device. Per chevron azure and argent, a hurst of weeping willow trees azure.

Originally blazoned as Per chevron azure and argent, a hurst of willow trees azure, the emblazon shows weeping willows.

Thurlef of Sogn. Reblazon of device. Argent, a weeping willow tree vert and on a chief wavy azure three swans naiant argent.

Originally blazoned as Argent, a willow tree vert and on a chief wavy azure three swans naiant argent, the emblazon shows a weeping willow.

- Explicit littera accipendorum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN RETURNED FOR FURTHER WORK:

ÆTHELMEARC

None.

AN TIR

None.

ANSTEORRA

Bronwen Selwyn. Badge. (Fieldless) A fox's tail palewise, tip to base, proper, its couped end "recurved" and tied at its base with a ribbon vert.

While fox's tails are registerable, as drawn in this submission the tail is curved in an unblazonable posture. The badge must therefore be returned.

The fox's tail proper is a period charge. In Heraldic Badges by Fox-Davies, 1907, p.109, the "fox-tail proper" is listed as a badge of Henry IV, which would date it to the late 14th Century. In Heraldry by Bedingfeld and Gwyn-Jones, 1993, p.127, the badges of Henry IV are emblazoned, including the fox-tail proper: solid brown, with the tip to base. The Society uses its definition of a fox proper (i.e., red with black "socks" and white at the tip of the tail) as its basis for a fox's tail proper: gules with an argent tip. The exact details of that tip are considered artistic license. Past registrations have been confused as to the fox's tails default orientation, so we hereby deem it not to have one -- though the tail should be straight in whatever orientation is chosen.

Some commenters questioned the registerability of the badge due to the presence of the ribbon. A ribbon is not registerable as a stand-alone charge; that is, as a primary, secondary, or tertiary charge. However, in this case the ribbon is equivalent to a hawk's jesses: a blazonable detail or ornamentation, rather than a charge in its own right. As such, the ribbon is registerable, though submitters should be aware that the exact depiction of such ribbons will be considered an artistic detail.

Upon resubmission, the ribbon should be depicted somewhat higher on the tail, so that portions of the tail show both above and below the ribbon.

Marcus Dundee the Brewer. Device. Pily bendy sable and Or, a chalice and a chief indented argent.

The field is incorrectly drawn. As Brachet notes, "The real problem here is that "pily bendy" is actually just an extreme form of "per bend sinister indented." As such, the underlying per bend sinister line should not pass to the corner of the shield under the chief, but should pass to the sinister chief corner of the portion of the field not covered by the chief." In addition, the piles should extend throughout. The majority of the piles on the submitted emblazon did not reach the opposite edge of the field.

ARTEMISIA

Artemisia, Kingdom of. Order name Order of the Tank of Artemisia.

Like the Artemisian Tank Corps, which was returned in February 1990, this order name is obtrusively modern. In the earlier return, Laurel said "[<territory> Tank Corps] "The name here is intrusively modern. The fact that the individual elements may be period... is overwhelmed by the modern connotations of the phrase." Nearly all of the commenters noted that their first thought was not of the period definition, but of the modern armored vehicle.

Bjorn vinber Johansen. Name change from Bjorn Johansen.

No documentation was submitted and none found suggesting that a descriptive byname meaning the grape was reasonable or compatible with Old Norse or the various Scandinavian languages. Argent Snail provides suggestions for alternatives:

We cannot find any documentation of any fruit or berries used as bynames in Old Norse. With a quick look we couldn't even find in Lind anything like 'applepicker' or 'berryeater'. As the original name, Bjorn Johansen, is medieval Danish (around 1250 onwards) and the submitter seems to like the implication of grape and wine, there are two bynames in Danmarks Gamle Personnavne that would be on par with this: Winman/Vinman (dates 1400-1480) and Wintappere/Vintapper/Wyntapper (1490-1530).

Both mean 'wine tapster', somebody selling/serving wine or letting wine from a barrel. Thus Bjorn Johansen Winman or Bjorn Johansen Wyntapper.

Since the suggested bynames are not close in sound and appearance to the submitted name, we are unwilling to change the byname to one of these forms. Because dropping the byname would leave his currently registered name, we must return this name for further work.

His device change has been registered under his unchanged primary name Bjorn Johansen.

Jamukha Batu. Device. Or, a bow and arrow nocked and drawn to sinister sable within four crescents conjoined in cross at the points gules and a bordure sable bezanty.

This is being returned for lack of identifiability of the crescents. The motif is registerable; however, the crescents should be clearly drawn as crescents. Their interior edges should not form a smooth line: as drawn, this looked more like a quatrefoil charged with a roundel, charged with a bow and arrow. If this were in fact a charged roundel, it would have to be returned for violating RfS VIII.c.1.ii - Layer Limits for having quartenary (fourth level) charges.

Thorir kyrsbani. Device. Per bend sinister argent and sable all crusilly Latin bottony counterchanged, on a bend sinister gules three Tudor roses.

For a number of reasons, this is returned for a redraw. First, and most importantly, is that this particular emblazon has the appearance of using Tudor roses. Tudor roses, defined as "The combination of a rose argent and a rose gules, whether as a double rose or in some other manner which creates a half-white, half-red rose", are restricted because of their association with the Tudors and cannot be registered. In addition, the sable crosses are conjoined making the charges unidentifiable as crusilly. Note that the crosses should be clearly drawn as bottony or as crosslet.

ATENVELDT

None.

ATLANTIA

Achbar ibn Ali. Badge. Per fess Or and sable, a "bear" rampant and a doumbek counterchanged.

The bear is not identifiable as such; suggestions ranged from a pig to a lynx to a donkey. This must be redrawn to be identifiable. In addition, we are not aware of any doumbeks that have feet. This appears to be a cross between a doumbek and zarb and needs to be clearly one or the other. If a zarb is submitted, documentation is required that it is a period form of a drum.

Atlantia, Kingdom of. Badge for Order of the Sea Dragon. Per fess wavy argent and azure, a sea dragon counterchanged.

This conflicts with the arms of Seashire (3/84) Per fess wavy argent and azure, a sea-dragon erect gules, maintaining in both claws a laurel wreath vert. There is a CD for the tincture of the sea dragon; however, there is nothing for removing the maintained laurel wreath. On resubmission we suggest a few more waves be added to the line of division.

Atlantia, Kingdom of. Badge for Order of the Fountain. (Fieldless) A roundel invected barry wavy argent and azure..

There is a visual conflict under RfS X.v with the badge of Arval Benicoeur, (Fieldless) A fountain. At any distance, the invection is indistinguishable, partially due to the complex tincture of the roundel itself.

Submitted as (Fieldless) A fountain invected, adding the complex line means that this is no longer a fountain. The following precedent serves as a guide:

[(Fieldless) A fountain palewise] There is no evidence that fountains were ever borne in other than their default orientation. I consier the "rotation" of a fountain to be a change in its partition, from barry to (in this case) paly. By definition, it then ceases to be a fountain just as it would if the tinctures were changed, say, to gules and Or. (Alden Pharamond, September 1992, pg.37)

Similarly, the fountain ceases to be a fountain when it's no longer a plain roundel: the complex line brings it outside the definition of the charge.

CAID

None.

CALONTIR

Dammo Utwiler. Device. Argent, an eagle displayed and on a chief azure two arrows in saltire Or.

This device conflicts with Richard of Ravensglenn the Juggler, Argent, a raven displayed and on a chief azure three plates. There is one CD for multiple changes to the tertiaries, but nothing for a raven displayed versus an eagle displayed. As precedent explains, "Even though ravens and eagles were different birds in period, only eagles were ever displayed. Therefore there is not a CD for type" [Robert le Raven MacLeod, 11/99, R-Artemisia].

In addition, the way the eagle displayed is drawn - with its head and legs against the body - renders it virtually unidentifiable, a reason for return in its own right. If the submitter wishes to use an eagle displayed in a resubmission, please advise him to draw it in the standard fashion with the head and legs lying entirely on the field.

Lucia Ottavia da Siena. Device change. Bendy sinister azure and argent, a greyhound courant Or.

This device conflicts with Tristen Sexwulf, Quarterly gules and sable, a wolf statant Or. There is one CD for changing the field, but no difference in type between a greyhound and a wolf and no difference in posture between courant and statant. As the LoAR of September 2003 notes, "There is no difference between statant and courant, because the evidence which has so far been obtained indicates that these postures were interchangeable in period."

Phaedra of Vatavia. Device. Vert, a spiderweb argent.

This device conflicts with Bjorn Strongarm of Illiton, Vert, a spiderweb argent, overall a lightning bolt bendwise sinister Or, with only one CD for removing the overall charge, and also with the badge for the Order of Arachne's Web, Sable, a spiderweb argent, with only one CD for changing the field tincture.

Taliesin of Lyonesse. Name.

This name mixes an Early Welsh given name (which is pre 9th C) with Middle English (which doesn't exist until at least the 11th C), two languages that did not exist either simultaneously or concurrently. If two languages have no temporal point of contact, it is logically impossible that names could exist that combine elements from each language. We apply an identical litmus test to cross-cultural names; if there is no evidence of contact between the two cultures, we do not allow names that mix the languages of these two cultures. Given these principles, combinations of Early Welsh and Middle English are not registerable. If the byname Lyonesse could be documented in Old English, or the given name Taliesin in Old Welsh (10th-11th C) or later, then the name would be registerable.

His armory has been registered under the holding name Taliesin of Three Rivers.

DRACHENWALD

None.

EALDORMERE

Bastille du Lac, Shire of. Branch name.

While the submitters provided evidence of that the word Bastille as a placename is not unique to the Bastille of Paris, they did not demonstrate that a name of the form Bastille + generic topographic feature is follows patterns of French placenames. The submitters provide some documentation that Bastille and Chastel may have been used for the same sorts of structures. Dauzat et Rostaing, Dictionnaire Etymologique des Noms de Lieux de la France list these forms s.n. Bastia and Chateau respectively. The bastia+ names include names of people, occupations/titles, placenames and mountain names. There is also Bastia du Vert (undated), la Bastia-en Val (in the glen) and B.-des-Fonds (apparently fortress of landed property); the only dated form for the last two is Bastida. While Chateau+ names show a bit more variety, and include names of rivers as the second element, there are still no examples of Chateau + generic topographic feature. Barring documentation the generic topographic features were used in French placename with forms of Chateau or Bastia, such names cannot be registered.

Cainder ingen hui Chatharnaig. Household name Jolly Procrastinators and badge. Or, a chalice sable, on a chief purpure a quill pen bendwise sinister the quill passing between the blades of a pair of shears bendwise argent.

The name does not follow documented patterns of names for groups of people in period, nor was it adequately documented on the LoI. To address the latter matter first, no documentation was submitted showing that either word was found in period, nor was any documentation included showing the meanings in period of the words. This in itself is sufficient cause for return of this name.

For a household name to be registerable, the submitter or the College must demonstrate that the words composing the name are found in period with an appropriate meaning, and that the name as a whole is constructed according to naming patterns found in period for organized groups of people. For jolly, the Oxford English Dictionary has several appropriate meanings, many of which date to the 14th, 15th, and 16th C. The word procrastinator is another matter; the earliest date found for this word in the OED is 1607 and the related procrastinate and procrastination are not found until the late 16th C. Furthermore, the word is one of those literary, overly abstract words that we would decline to register as a descriptive byname. Certainly, such words are not found in the Order names on whose construction this household name is based. Nor have we found evidence of such words in other constructions on which household names are based.

Some commenters noted that the formation was documented from Meredudd Caethin, "Project Ordensnamen", and was therefore not applicable to a household name. We note that RfS 5.II.b.iv says that household names "must follow the patterns of period names of organized groups of people." As order names are period names for organized groups of people, they are valid models for household names as well.

The badge is being returned for multiple problems. This was submitted on a device form in the belief that a household would have a device. The Adminstrative Handbook of the College of Arms section II.D defines a Personal Device as "The single piece of armory associated with an individual's Primary Society Name which uniquely identifies that individual." The same section defines a badge as "Any piece of tinctured armory other than a Personal Device or Branch Arms". A piece of armory assoiciated with a household is a badge, not a device. Precedent states:

This badge was submitted on a device form instead of a badge form. Badges must be submitted on the badge form, although the submitter is free to display it on any shape she desires. [Maredudd Angharad ferch Gwenhyfar, 10/00, R-Outlands]

In addition, no SCA name was included on the form.

This was submitted on a device form, not a badge form. Even had it been on the correct form, this would have suffered multiple problems. The relative position of the quill pen and shears on the chief is not a standard heraldic arrangement: the above blazon, which was our best attempt, is still not an adequate description. The chalice was drawn with its mouth so tilted to the viewer as to be considered trian aspect. The cumulative effects of the poor design and poor emblazon combine to render this unregisterable. If resubmitted with the chalice and the charges on the chief in standard heraldic orientations, it should be registerable (barring conflict).

Mathild de Valognes. Device. Per bend sinister azure and sable, on a bend sinister enhanced sable fimbriated argent, a chalice and a broad arrow palewise Or.

This is being returned for using unallowable fimbriation. RfS VIII.3 states: "Voiding and fimbriation may only be used with simple geometric charges placed in the center of the design." It has previously been ruled that "The bendlets abased are not in the center of the design and therefore their fimbriation is not acceptable." ([Ann Busshenell of Tylehurst, 10/02, R-Atenveldt]). By the same reasoning, fimbriating a bend or bendlets enhanced is not acceptable.

Medb ingen Dúngaile. Device. Azure fretty argent, a weaver's slea and bordure Or..

The primary charge was not identifiable as weaver's slea - or other weaver's tool - by those knowledgable of weaving. Note that the first edition of the Pictorial Dictionary misidentifies a weaver's stick shuttle, based on an erroneous blazon which has since been corrected, as a weaver's slea. On resubmission this should use the weaver's slea shown in the second edition of the Pictorial Dictionary or provide documentation for this form.

Offangaard, Canton of. Device. Azure, a tower within a laurel wreath and on a chief embattled Or four mullets azure.

Returned for lack of name as Offangaard was returned 02/05; holding names cannot be formed for groups. Even if the name had been registered, this would have been returned for lack of a petition. On resubmission, we recommend using an odd number of crenelations on the chief.

Sven gunnolfr Ragnaldson. Name (see PENDS for device).

This name has several problems, but as the submitter allows only minor changes, we are unable to remedy them. The name is a mixture of English and Old Norse; while this is one step from period practice, such combinations are registerable barring other problems. The biggest problem in this case is that this name contains a double given name. This practice is unattested in Old Norse naming practice; double-given names containing Old Norse parts may not, therefore, be registered. The LoI justified the the second given name as a descriptive byname because it was written in all lowercase. This is a misunderstanding of the precedent that requires descriptive bynames in Old Norse to be in all lowercase. While descriptive bynames in Old Norse are written in all lowercase, writing a given name in all lowercase does not make it a descriptive byname. A descriptive byname is just that -- a name that describes some personal characteristic of the person bearing the byname.

If the submitter is interested in an Old Norse name, we suggest Sveinn Gunnolfson Ragnvaldssonar. All parts of this name, as well as the construction, are found in Geirr Bassi, The Old Norse Name.

While several webpages were cited as documentation for the name Sven, no photocopies of these pages were included, nor was the information found on these pages summarized in the LoI. This is, in itself, grounds for return. Furthermore, the cited webpages were specifically baby name sites; such sites are comprised almost exclusively of modern names, are unreliable as sources of information for period names and spellings, and etymological information found on them is often just wrong. Baby name webpages are not sufficient documentation for any name submission.

His armory has been pended under the holding name Sven of Tor Brandt.

EAST

None.

GLEANN ABHANN

Alsinda de Rochabaron. Device. Per fess azure and gules, in chief a dragon couchant Or, in base two pallets Or and overall two rapiers in saltire sable.

This device violates RfS VIII.2.b.i, which states, "The field must have good contrast with every charge placed directly on it and with charges placed overall." The sable rapiers do not have good contrast against the gules portion of the field.

Frederick Alton. Device. Per bend wavy argent and vert, a frog vert and a pair of rapiers in saltire argent surmounted by a rose Or barbed argent seeded gules.

This device violates RfS VIII.1.a, which states that "three or more types of charges should not be used in the same group." Although the rose is technically overall, its size and location make it appear to be a part of the primary charge group. This problem has been previously discussed in precedent. For example, returning (Fieldless) A quill pen and a rapier crossed in saltire and overall a compass star all argent, precedent states, "[This] is a single group of three dissimilar charges, which violates RFS VIII.1.a." [Valentine Michael de La Fère, 8/91, R-Outlands]. Similarly, the rapiers and rose in this device are a single group of two dissimilar charges and are also co-primary with the frog, resulting in a primary charge group that includes three dissimilar charges.

Gabrielle von Strassburg. Badge. (Fieldless) On a compass star azure a bear statant argent.

This badge must be returned for multiple conflicts: with the badge of Lorimer MacAlpin of Garioch, Argent, on a compass star azure, a thistle couped argent, with two badges of Solveig Throndardottir, (Fieldless) On a sun azure a hammer argent and (Fieldless) A sun azure eclipsed argent, and with Adrienne de Champagne, Argent, on a mullet of six points azure, a falcon displayed argent. In each case, there is a CD for changing the field or for fieldlessness versus another piece of fieldless armory but nothing for changing the type of the primary charge or for changing the type only of the tertiary. Precedent notes that "[t]here's ...no difference between suns and multi-pointed mullets --- which includes compass stars" [Friedrich von Rabenstein, 6/93, R-Caid] and that "[t]here is no type difference between the compass stars and the mullets of six points" [Brian Sigfridsson von Niedersachsen, 7/03, R-Atenveldt]. In addition, precedent states, "There is nothing for change of type only of tertiary charge on a sun or multipointed mullet, as this shape is not simple for purposes of RfS X.4.j.ii" [Burke Kyriell MacDonald, 2/02, R-Ansteorra].

Jehanne Darc de la Coste. Device. Per pale ermine and azure, an acorn bendwise sinister proper and a fleur-de-lis argent.

This device must be returned for violating RfS XI.3, which states, "Armory that appears to marshall independent arms is considered presumptuous [...] Divisions commonly used for marshalling, such as quarterly or per pale, may only be used in contexts that ensure marshalling is not suggested. Such fields may be used with identical charges over the entire field, or with complex lines of partition or charges overall that were not used for marshalling in period heraldry." Since this device uses different charges in each section of the per pale field, it gives the appearance of marshalling.

Kolr bogsveigir. Device. Per pale argent and sable, a quiver of arrows and a bow reversed counterchanged.

This device must be returned for violating RfS XI.3, which states, "Armory that appears to marshall independent arms is considered presumptuous [...] Divisions commonly used for marshalling, such as quarterly or per pale, may only be used in contexts that ensure marshalling is not suggested. Such fields may be used with identical charges over the entire field, or with complex lines of partition or charges overall that were not used for marshalling in period heraldry." Since this device uses different charges in each section of the per pale field, it gives the appearance of marshalling.

Rebeka Scotte. Device. Vert, on a dragonfly Or, a sword inverted sable.

The consensus of the College of Arms was that the tertiary sword was unidentifiable. This problem was exacerbated by the fact that the miniature emblazon was not identical to the full emblazon. The Administrative Handbook, section V.B.2.e, states, "An accurate representation of each piece of submitted armory shall be included on the letter of intent." Without an accurate miniature emblazon, the College of Arms cannot give effective commentary. In this case, however, the sword was also unidentifiable on the full emblazon so the device is being returned for redrawing.

Tomas mac Drach. Name.

No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that Drach was used as a given name in Ireland or that it was ever found with the patronymic marker. Barring such evidence, Drach cannot be registered as part of an Irish Gaelic or anglicized Irish Gaelic patronymic. We would drop the marker, but the resulting Tomas Drach is an aural conflict with Toma Drake, registered December 2002.

LOCHAC

None.

MERIDIES

None.

MIDDLE

Gabrielle Juliana Raron. Badge. (Fieldless) On a castle azure a rose Or.

This badge conflicts with the badge of Marguerite du Royon, (Fieldless) On a tower azure a fleur-de-lys Or. While there is a CD between two pieces of fieldless armory, precedent tells us that there is "nothing for the difference between a castle and a tower" [Dana Moirreach, 11/93, R-Outlands]. Moreover, castles are too complex too fimbriate so there is no difference for changing only the type of the tertiary per RfS X.4.j.ii.

Konrad Ryman. Badge. (Fieldless) A martlet Or.

This badge conflicts with John of Ravenwolf, Sable, a raven speaking Or, beaked and membered argent. There is a CD for fielded versus fieldless armory but, according to the Cover Letter for the LoAR of January 2002, "martlets close and corbies close should not be given difference."

Lulach Cauldwell. Device. Azure, in bend sinister three sinister hands argent.

This device conflicts with Graham of the Bright Hills, Per fess azure and barry argent and azure, in chief a thistle Or between a pair of clenched gauntlets argent. There is one CD for changes to the field. There is no CD for changing the type or tincture of one out of three charges arranged in chief. There is not a CD for arrangement since the field on Graham's device does not allow the charges to be arranged in bend sinister. Moreover, precedent says that "[w]e give no difference between a hand and a gauntlet" [Brian Brock, 5/99, R-Atenveldt] and that "[t]he clenching is an artistic detail which does not contribute difference" [William MacGregor, 5/98, R-Atlantia]. Research by the College of Arms and Wreath staff was unable to provide sufficient period evidence to overturn either of these precedents.

Westmere, Canton of. Device. Azure, a trident surmounted by a laurel wreath, on a chief argent two pawprints sable.

The petition that accompanied this device is a typed letter from the group's herald and seneschal, listing the names of canton members who, the letter stated, had expressed approval for the device. This petition is problematic in two ways. First, it contained no blazon or emblazon for the device. The Administrative Handbook, section IV.C.5, states, "A valid petition must include a clear description of the item submitted; either the blazon or emblazon is sufficient for a petition regarding branch arms, though both are preferable." Without either a blazon or an emblazon, we have no way of knowing what device the canton's members expressed approval for. Second, a typed listing of names is not a signed petition. As precedent states, concerning an emailed letter of permission to conflict, "Note that a signature is not a computer generated line of typescript giving the name of the submitter, it is a handwritten signature or a copy thereof" [Madallaine Isabeau de Cat, 11/01, R-Trimaris]. Without a valid petition listing the blazon and/or emblazon of the device signed by members of the canton, this submission must be returned.

NORTHSHIELD

None.

OUTLANDS

Fontaine dans Sable, Barony of. Badge. Azure, in bend a palm tree embowed at the top to sinister chief and a lion couchant guardant Or within an orle of fleurs-de-lys bases outward argent.

RfS VII.7.b requires "Elements must be reconstructible in a recognizable form from a competent blazon." This is being returned as the palm tree and lion are neither in fess nor in bend, thus failing to meet the stated requirements. On resubmission, the fleurs-de-lys should be drawn larger.

Submitted as a badge for the Order of the Oasis Guardians, the name is neither registered nor in submission. Nor is Oasis Guardians a generic identifier.

Fontaine dans Sable, Barony of. Badge. Argent, a three-tiered fountain sable spouting azure and in chief two ewers sable distilling into fountain top, all within an orle of fleurs-de-lys bases outward azure.

There are a number of problems with this badge. The flowing water, as drawn, is only recognizable as such in context with the fountain and ewers. We note that the water overflows the lowest tier of the fountain, but seems to vanish in mid-air. All the charges except the fountain (and one of the orle of fleurs) are in a non-default orientation. The design requires explicit description of details which are normally left unblazoned. While any one of these problems might be acceptable, their cumulative effect renders the badge sufficiently beyond the bounds of period design as to warrant return.

The barony's arms have a fountain sable spouting water azure; the submitted emblazon does not match the registered fountain. The registered emblazon does show a much larger basin, which is apparently meant to catch the flowing water. Note that simply redrawing the fountain is not sufficient to solve the problems noted above.

Submitted as a badge for the Order of the Oasis Keepers, the name is neither registered nor in submission. Nor is Oasis Keepers a generic identifier.

TRIMARIS

None.

WEST

Catelin of Coventry. Device. Per bend indented Or and azure, a decrescent and a garb counterchanged.

This conflicts with Brian Gam, Per bend sinister Or and azure, a decrescent and a garb counterchanged. There is a CD for changes to the field.

Catelin's arms may be blazoned Per bend indented Or and azure, in sinister chief a decrescent azure and in dexter base a garb Or. Brian's arms may be blazoned Per bend sinister Or and azure, in dexter chief decrescent azure and in sinister base garb Or.

The charges may not lie on a portion of the field with which they have no contrast. Catelin's charges could not be arranged like Brian's because each charge would have no contrast with half of the field on which it lies. The charges must change their arrangement. Because this change in arrangement is "caused by other changes to the design" - the changes to the field - it is not worth difference per RfS X.4.g for arrangement changes.

- Explicit littera renuntiationum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN PENDED UNTIL THE JANUARY 2006 LAUREL MEETING (OR AS NOTED):

ATENVELDT

Elizabet Alfinnsdottir. Device. Sable, on a bend sinister between two unicorn's horns bendwise sinister Or, an ivy vine throughout vert.

Listed on the LoI as Per bend sinister vert and sable, on a bend sinister between two unicorn horns bendwise sinister Or, a vine thoughout vert the field is actually sable. This is pended to allow research under the correct tinctures.

This was item 4 on the Atenveldt letter of February 25, 2005.

EALDORMERE

Sven of Tor Brandt. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per chevron Or and sable, two wolves combattant sable and a drakkar argent.

Listed on the LoI as Per chevron Or and sable, two wolves combattant and a drakkar sable, this is pended so it can be conflict checked with the correct tinctures.

Submitted under the name Sven gunnolfr Ragnaldson.

This was item 11 on the Ealdormere letter of February 1, 2005.

- Explicit -