THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN REGISTERED:

ÆTHELMEARC

Alasdar Waldgrave. Name.

Submitted as Alasdair Waldgrave, the spelling Alasdair is a modern Gaelic spelling for this name. This form is found in period, but only as part of patronymics (i.e. in the genitive case). The expected nominative form of this would be Alasdar; while we have not found this form in the Irish Annals, we have found Alastar and Alustar. Alasdar is an expected form which follows the spelling/grammar rules of Early Modern Gaelic. We have changed the name to Alasdar Waldgrave in order to register it. This name mixes Gaelic and Scots; this is one step from period practice.

Alheydis von Körckhingen. Badge. (Fieldless) A key fracted, the broken ends crossed in chevron, Or.

This is clear of the Seneschal's badge, registered to the Society for Creative Anachronism, Gules, a key fesswise Or. There is a CD for changes to the field. While fracting is generally not worth a CD, in this case the orientation of the key is significantly changed by the fracting, granting the second CD.

Camy Makcullocht of Cardoness. Name.

This name combines the name of a Scottish clan with territory held by that clan. According to the submitted documentation, Cardoness Castle was built by the McCulloch family in 1470 and was occupied by them until the mid 17th C. However, there is no evidence that Cardoness is or was a clan seat of the Clan McCulloch. Therefore, by precedent, this name is registerable.

Finn Marland O'Shannon. Device change. Azure, a chevron sable fimbriated between three wolf's heads erased Or.

His previous device, Azure, a chevron sable semy-de-lys fimbriated between three wolf's heads erased Or, is retained as a badge.

Iain Ard mac an Bhaird. Name and device. Quarterly sable and azure, a griffin couchant to sinister Or maintaining a triquetra argent.

Iain is an SCA-compatible Gaelic name.

Mendel Wisebegere. Household name Schmiedekamp Haus.

Sabrina Godolphin. Device. Azure, a unicorn salient contourny and in chief five crosses clechy Or.

Please advise the submitter to draw the charges larger.

Tancred of Acre. Name.

AN TIR

Abrahe çaragoça. Device change. Or, on a fess dovetailed gules a drawknife Or.

His previous device, Sable, an abacus bendwise Or within a bordure argent, is retained as a badge.

Asa Martel. Name and device. Quarterly argent and gules, a compass rose counterchanged sable and argent.

The submitter requested an authentic English name. While both elements are found in England at the time of the Conquest, Asa was found in the Danelaw, while Martel was a Norman name. We are unsure whether they would be found in the same name at that time.

Please inform the submitter that, as documented, Asa is a feminine name.

Dearbháil ingean uí Dhonnchaidh. Name and device. Vert, a talbot sejant argent collared purpure and on a chief wavy argent a bow vert.

Please advise the submitter to draw more waves on the chief.

Iurii Levchenich. Name and device. Azure, in saltire a sword argent and a sickle Or.

The submitter requested a name authentic for 13th C Russian. However, no documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that this name was found before the 16th C. While this is a perfectly reasonable 16th C Russian name, we cannot make it authentic for the 13th C.

ANSTEORRA

Amata Amati d'Arezzo. Name.

Nice 15th C Italian name!

Arias Yanes. Name.

Charles Mayer. Name.

Constance Sayer. Name.

Nice 13th C English name.

Eithne ingen meic Cináeda. Name.

Submitted as Eithne ingen mhic Chionaoit, the submitter requested a name authentic for pre-11th C Ireland. The patronymic combines the Middle Irish (900-1200) ingen with the Early Modern Irish (1200 -1700) or Modern Irish (post-1700) mhic Chionaoit; such combinations are not registerable. Woulfe, Irish Names and Surnames, s.n. Mac Cionaodha, also gives Mac Cionaoith. The normalized Middle Irish for this byname is mac Cináeda; Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals: Cináed / Cionaodh" lists examples of the given name in various of the Annals from between 826 and 1260. In addition, although normally the C in Cináeda would be lenited, it does not lenite in this case because the previous word (mhic) ends in a 'c'. We have changed the name to Eithne ingen meic Cináeda in order to register it and to fulfill her request for an authentic pre-11th C Irish name.

Elspeth de Forbeys. Alternate name Catalina Osorio y Lopez de Xerez.

Submitted as Catalina Osorio_Lopez de Xerez, no documentation was submitted and none found for a Spanish name containing three separate surnames. However, Palimpsest notes:

I have about 15 examples of names that are compounded using <y>, and all the names that combine things like Osorio and Lopez with something else follow that pattern. Here are some examples (all from de Julio de Atienza's Nobiliario Español):

Fernández Vigil de Quiñones

Pacheco y Osorio

Pérez Sarmiento y Manrique

Pérez de Guzmán y Suárez de Mendoza

Folch de Cardona y Requeséns

These would support <Osorio y Lopez de Xerez>.

We have changed the name to Catalina Osorio y Lopez de Xerez, which follows the pattern of a given name with two byname phrases, in order to register it.

Gunthar Waldmann. Name.

Gwenafwy Sinclaire. Badge. Or, a pall nebuly between three hound's heads cabossed sable.

Hedwig von Luneborg. Name and device. Per saltire sable and gules, a fret argent between four bees, two and two, Or.

John de Irwyne. Alternate name Juan Fernandez de Cordoba.

Madelina de Lindesay. Device. Argent, two goblets in fess vert within a bordure vert semy-de-lys argent.

Martino Giovanni Arciere. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Refr inn draumspaki. Name change from Süren Ünegen and device. Lozengy Or and vert, a wolf's pawprint within an orle argent.

Listed on the LoI as Refrinn inn draumspaki, both the documentation and the forms show Refr_ inn draumspaki. We have registered the originally submitted form.

Her old name, Süren Ünegen, is released.

The use of a pawprint is a step from period practice.

Sofia Vittori. Name.

Tereysa Serrano. Name.

Tristan von Heidelberg. Device. Sable, a lion statant barry azure and argent.

Tyesphaine d'Avignon. Name.

ARTEMISIA

Côte du Ciel, Shire of. Badge for the populace. (Fieldless) A bear's head erased to sinister argent.

ATENVELDT

Beatrix Losier. Device. Per chevron gules and argent, in base a weeping willow tree eradicated proper, a bordure vert.

Charis Sabran. Name.

Submitted as Carras Sabran, this name consisted of two surnames and no given name. RfS III.2.a states that "A personal name must contain a given name and at least one byname." The submitter noted that if Carras was not registerable as a surname, she would accept Charis, which was documented as a late 16th C English literary name. We have changed the name to Charis Sabran in order to register it.

Gepa of Sundragon. Device. Azure, a bull statant contourny regardant within an orle argent.

Gwynneth Wenche of Wight. Device change. Per bend vert and azure, a bend bevilled argent between two maple leaves Or.

Her previous device, Per bend sinister azure and Or, a wooden tankard proper, is released.

Medb McLeod. Device. Per saltire Or and gules, in pale two lotus blossoms in profile and in fess two dragonflies counterchanged.

Sythe Blackwolfe. Name and device. Vert, on a roundel between three equal-armed Celtic crosses argent a wolf sejant ululant sable.

Ursula Woodsholme. Name and device. Argent, on a fess embattled vert between two mullets sable a greyhound courant argent.

Please advise the submitter to draw the fess a bit narrower.

William Sinclair. Name.

A conflict was called against a William Sinclair who participated in Scotland's Wars of Independence. While one of the various William Sinclairs has his own article in the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica, he does not have his own article in the current Britannica Online (search.eb.com). A web search found at least four separate men named William Sinclair who were involved in the Wars of Independence, which suggests that this name is far from unique. Given that the significance of the William Sinclair mentioned in the 1911 Britannica is low enough that he is not included in the current Britannica, he is not worthy of protection.

Ysabel de Rouen. Name.

Nice 15th C Parisian name!

ATLANTIA

Amber Roriksdatter. Badge for Barbara of Bonei. Sable, a rabbit's head couped close argent.

Some commenters wondered if this was too close to the Playboy trademark to register. As noted in the LoAR of April 2002, "As a guideline, there generally will not be an obtrusively modern 'overt' allusion to a logo when the logo uses a single charge, unless the artwork of the submission matches the artwork of the logo very closely, or unless the charge is in some way unique." In this case, the charge is not unique nor does the submitted emblazon look similar to the trademarked logo. It is therefore registerable.

Amber Roriksdatter. Badge for Barbara of Bonei. Argent, a rabbit's head couped close contourny sable.

Andrew Roriksson. Alternate name Rufus Tremaine.

Christian Thomas of York. Device. Sable, a Corinthian horned helmet affronty Or, on a chief embattled argent three fleurs-de-lys vert.

A Corinthian helmet is an open-faced helm, with a nasal and cheek-protection; it strongly resembles the barbute of the Italian Renaissance. Many Corinthian helmets included large horns, as in this submission. For those interested, the documentation submitted for this depiction of a helm came from a webpage www.freewebtown.com/italica/italic_military/general_italic/armor/helmets/corinthian.html, which is devoted to Corinthian helmets. The website includes photographs of an existing Corinthian helmet with sheet bronze horns dated to about 650 B.C., which probably came from Tarentum, and similar helmets found in tomb paintings from southern Italy.

Christian Thomas of York. Badge. (Fieldless) A Corinthian horned helmet affronty Or charged with three fleurs-de-lys, one and two, vert.

A Corinthian helmet is an open-faced helm, with a nasal and cheek-protection; it strongly resembles the barbute of the Italian Renaissance. Many Corinthian helmets included large horns, as in this submission. It is granted no difference from any other helm. For those interested, the documentation submitted for this depiction of a helm came from a webpage www.freewebtown.com/italica/italic_military/general_italic/armor/helmets/corinthian.html, which is devoted to Corinthian helmets. The website includes photographs of an existing Corinthian helmet with sheet bronze horns dated to about 650 B.C., which probably came from Tarentum, and similar helmets found in tomb paintings from southern Italy.

Gustav Emile der Dunkele Rotvogel. Badge. (Fieldless) On a pentagon gules a martlet Or.

The use of a pentagon is a step from period practice. We are only aware of four-sided polygons (e.g., delfs and lozenges) in period European heraldry; hexagons are found in Japanese mon.

Miriam Calvert of Gidiehall. Name change from Miriam Calvert of Gidiehall Honiburn.

Her old name, Miriam Calvert of Gidiehall Honiburn, is released.

Owain Penbras. Name and device. Vert, three serpents involved in annulo and on a chief argent three Arabian lamps lit vert.

The serpents as submitted are very thin. They are barely acceptable as drawn, and the submitted should be advised to draw the serpents thicker.

Sajah bint Habushun ibn Ishandiyar al-Hajjaji. Badge. (Fieldless) A brown hippopotamus statant guardant proper.

Samuel Calvert of Gidiehall. Name change from Samuel Calvert of Gidiehall Honiburn.

His old name, Samuel Calvert of Gidiehall Honiburn, is released.

Thomas Saer Glamorgan. Name.

Submitted as Thomas Saer of Glamorgan, the submitter requested a name authentic for the 7th to the 13th C. The given name and occupational byname are documented from the 13th C. It is unclear whether the spelling Glamorgan is found in the 13th C, although the spelling is consistent with 13th C Welsh orthography, and the spelling is found in Anglo-Norman just after the 13th C. An early 14th C letter in Anglo-Norman written by Hugh Despenser starts with the phrase "Hugh' le Despenser, le fuiz, a nostre cher et bien ame bach[elier], Monser Johan Inge, nostre visc[onte] de Glamorg[an], saluz." (Hugh le Despense, the younger, to our dear and well loved bachelor, Mister Johan Inge, our viscount of Glamorgan, salutations). The source is "A Letter of the Younger Despenser on the Eve of the Barons' Rebellion, 21 March 1321, by Hugh le Despenser the Younger"; W. H. Stevenson, The English Historical Review © 1897. Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn , "A Simple Guide to Constructing 13th Century Welsh Names (www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/welsh13.html) says that "the typical nickname based on location simply uses the proper name of a place after the given name." This strongly suggests that the English preposition of is inappropriate in an authentic 13th C Welsh name. We have changed the name to Thomas Saer Glamorgan to partially fulfill his request for authenticity.

Þorsteinn sviðbalki. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Nice Old Norse name!

Turgeis Hakonsson. Name change from Turgeis Hákonarson (see RETURNS for joint badges).

His old name, Turgeis Hákonarson, is released.

CAID

Alienor d'Orliens. Device. Argent, a raven rising sable sustaining in its beak an arrow palewise, a tierce purpure.

Anne Cathryn of Wicken Bonhunt. Badge. Per bend argent and Or.

The submitter has permission to conflict with Cormac Mór's badge, Per fess with a right step Or and argent.

Antonia Wolfin. Name.

Arganteilin filia Elffin. Name.

Asakura Machime. Name change from Artemisia di Serena.

Submitted as Asakura Machi_, the name Machi was documented from O'Neill, Japanese Names. This is not a reliable source for names as it includes few dates and mostly modern forms. However, Solveig Throndardottír, Name Construction in Mediæval Japan, 2nd edition, p 378, has the feminine name Machime in 1147. We have changed the name to Asakura Machime in order to register it.

Her old name, Artemisia di Serena, is retained as an alternate name.

Damian O'Hara. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Katherine Grey of York. Name.

Nice 16th C English name!

Katherine Johnson. Name.

Seamus Ó Domhnaill. Name and device. Argent, a trefoil vert and on a chief embattled azure three crescents argent.

Submitted as Seamus O'Domhnaill of Devil's Beef Tub, this name has several problems. First, no documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that compound locative bynames of the form found here were ever used in Scots (or English) names. Furthermore, it is unclear when this particular location acquired its peculiar name. While the submitter notes its inclusion on a modern map showing the 16th C Scottish borders, this map shows modern placenames. It is not an indication that the place was known by this name in the 16th C. Barring documentation that this is a period name for this place and that Scots names used compound locatives of this form, the locative of Devil's Beef Tub is not registerable.

The patronymic O'Domhnaill mixes the Anglicized patronymic particle O' with the Gaelic Domhnaill in violation of RfS III.1.a. The appropriate Gaelic form of this name is Ó Domhnaill. We have changed the name to Seamus Ó Domhnaill_ in order to register it.

There was some question whether the name Seamus Ó Domhnaill conflicted with the registered name Seamus MacDonald, registered February 1987. It does not. The particles Ó and mac are significantly different in sound and appearance, and express significantly different relationships. Therefore, the names are sufficiently different to avoid conflict.

Please advise the submitter to draw more crenellations on the line of division.

Siobhan inghean Chathasaigh. Device. Ermine, a cauldron sable and on a chief engrailed gules three dragonflies argent.

Thomas Brownwell. Alternate name Filbert Noteheued.

Wolfram Paternoster. Name.

The submitter requested an authentic German name. This is a lovely 14th C German name.

CALONTIR

Catin of Edington. Device. Per chevron vert and purpure, two trilliums inverted and a swan naiant argent.

Deodar, Shire of. Badge. (Fieldless) Two hares combatant conjoined at the lower forepaw sable.

Giudo di Niccolo Brunelleschi. Blanket permission to conflict with name (see PENDS for badge).

The letter of permission to conflict grants permission for future submitters to register a name that sounds like, but is not identical to, this registered name.

Giudo di Niccolo Brunelleschi. Blanket permission to conflict with device. Per pale embattled barry purpure and Or and gules, two lozenges in pale Or.

Permission to conflict is granted for all armory that is at least one countable step (one CD) from his device.

Giudo di Niccolo Brunelleschi. Blanket permission to conflict with alternate name Mishka Lamanov.

The letter of permission to conflict grants permission for future submitters to register a name that sounds like, but is not identical to, this registered alternate name.

Herman Mandel. Badge. (Fieldless) A sinister wing terminating in a hand azure sustaining a flanged mace bendwise gules.

Juliana Lorenzo de León. Name and device. Per pale gules and argent, an open book between four crescents in cross horns to center, a bordure counterchanged.

Sifrid von Eichelborn. Device. Azure semy of keys palewise, wards to sinister base argent, an oak slip, fructed of an acorn inverted, Or.

Sondra van Schiedam. Badge. (Fieldless) An open book argent, overall two recorders in saltire azure.

Several commenters recommended returning this badge for using an overall charge on a fieldless badge. We routinely allow overall charges on fieldless badges where the area of intersection is small, which is not the case in this submission. However, the November 1992 Cover Letter, where the current standard for acceptability of such overall charges was set, Laurel stated

I've therefore decided not to implement a comprehensive ban on fieldless badges with overall charges. I will be returning cases where the underlying charge is rendered unidentifiable, per Rule VIII.3; this will include the most egregious cases of overall charges (e.g. A pheon surmounted by a hawk's head). But this can be done as an interpretation of the current Rules, and needn't involve a new policy. In cases where identifiability is maintained -- where one of the charges is a long, slender object, and the area of intersection small -- overall charges will still be permitted in fieldless badges.

The primary concern is identifiability. The charges in this badge maintain their identifiability, though the area of overlap is larger than we normally allow, and thus the badge is registerable. We note that if the charges had been reversed, that is (Fieldless) Two recorders in saltire azure overall an open book argent, the badge would not have been registerable as the recorders would have been unidentifiable.

DRACHENWALD

Dubheasa ní Chéirín. Badge. (Fieldless) Three frets couped conjoined in chevron azure.

This badge is clear of Garin de Gramercy's badge, Argent, vêtu ployé, a fret azure. While a fret is an artistic variant of fretty (q.v. September 1992 Cover Letter), in this case, the three frets are not equivalent to fretty as they are not constrained to fill a space such as a field or an ordinary.

Emoni de la Fère. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Leonor Martin. Name and device. Gules, five mullets of eight points in saltire argent.

Nice 15th C Spanish name!

Nice Spanish armory to go with her Spanish name.

The submitter has permission to conflict with Gerhard Helmbrecht von Offenbach, Gyronny azure and argent, four compass stars argent.

EALDORMERE

Andrew Cameron. Device. Per pale wavy argent and azure, a bear and a dog collared combatant counterchanged.

Angela Fabbricci. Name.

Ástríðr Hrafnardóttir. Name.

Submitted as Ástriðr Hrafnardóttir, the documentation for the given name shows the form Ástríðr. In Old Norse names, accents must either be used consistently or dropped consistently. We have added the accent to the given name to match the documentation.

Brigit Larkin. Name (see RETURNS for device).

As documented, this name combined Gaelic and English, which is a step from period practice. However, Brigit is dated to 1568, 1569, and 1583 in Brooke, J. M. S., and Hallen, A. W. C. The Transcript of the Registers of the United Parishes of S. Mary Woolnoth and S. Mary Woolchurch Haw, in the City of London, from their Commencement 1538 to 1760 according to the Academy of Saint Gabriel report 1608 (http://www.s-gabriel.org/1608). This makes the name fully English.

Caitríona inghean Raghnaill. Device. Per saltire argent and gules, two arrows sable and two crosses patonce argent.

Davin de la Baleine. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Donald Jacob Maurie. Name.

The submitter requested an authentic 15th C name containing the initials D and J. However, consultation with the submitter revealed that he was most interested in the form of the name as submitted. If the submitter is interested in an authentic 15th C name, we suggest Jacob Maurie or Donald Maurie.

Edward of Ealdormere. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Or, in fess a Latin cross bottony bendwise sustained by a lion rampant guardant and in base a rose gules barbed sable.

Submitted under the name Edward Fuchyn

Elizabeth Mortimer. Name change from holding name Elizabeth of Septentria.

Evan Quicktongue. Name.

Gunnar de Blacwode. Device. Per pale gules and argent, a standing balance per pale argent and sable, in chief a skull and a heart counterchanged.

Gyriðr daðaskald. Name change from holding name Amanda of Ben Dunfirth.

Heylawive von Misen. Name and device. Azure, on a sun Or a tower purpure and on a chief embattled Or three ladybugs fesswise gules marked sable.

Submitted as Heylawive von Meißen, as submitted the name is two steps from period practice. First, it mixes Old Dutch (Franconian) with Middle High German. Second, while the town of Meißen certainly existed in 1100, the spelling Meißen is not dated until 1450, more than 300 years from the 1100 date for the given name. The Codex Manesse, copied between 1305 and 1340 shows the spelling von Misen as the caption on the portrait of Heinrich von Meißen. We have changed the name to Heylawive von Misen in order to register it.

The submitter requested an authentic name but provided neither a desired culture nor time period. Because the different name parts are from two different cultures and time periods, it is difficult to advise on how to best make the name authentic. If the submitter is interested in the placename spelling, then a fully German name is recommended. Metron Ariston notes:

The question of whether the German character ß (scharfes S or eszett) should be used at such an early period is a bit complex since there is so much controversy on the origin and usage of the character in period. While there is no doubt that it is medieval, given the nature of many German hands, one could claim that it did not really become solidly fixed until the advent of printing. Moreover, its use is associated with the sounds deriving from the first High German consonant shift in which voiceless stops became fricatives. As this particular shift is one that did not affect Dutch (it is one of the lines of demarcation between High German and Dutch!), it would be odd for it to appear with a Dutch given name.

Because we do not have enough information about the submitter's wishes, and because there are too many different possibilities, we are reluctant to suggest any particular names to address her request for authenticity. However, we will suggest that if she is interested in an authentic name, that she pick the name element she wants the most and find other elements from the same time and place.

Heylawive von Misen. Badge. Azure, on a sun Or a tower purpure and on a chief embattled Or a ladybug fesswise gules marked sable.

Magnunnr Hringsdottir. Name change from holding name Meghan of Ealdormere.

Whether this name is registerable lies in whether the theme Magn- can be considered as a native Old Norse theme, and whether the theme unnr is found in Old Norse feminine names. Petersen, "Nordiskt runnamnslexikon" (http://www.sofi.se/servlet/GetDoc?meta_id=1472) says of the theme Magn- "Av (fvn.) magn n. 'kraft, styrka, makt' resp. (fvn.) megin n. 'ds.' (< germ. *ma{z}ina-)." A bad SYSTRAN (System Analysis Translation) translation reveals "Of (fvn.) magn n. "force, strength, power" respective. (fvn.) megin n. "ds." (<germ. *ma {z} ina-).". This strongly suggests that while the theme is related to the German mazina-, it is an independent Old Norse theme. It is, at any rate, enough to give the submitter the benefit of the doubt. So, the second question is whether it can be reasonably combined with -unnr. Petersen provides Gunnuðr (and notes that -unnr and -uðr are variants of the same theme), Gærunnr, Hælgunnr, and Þorunnr. This shows that the theme -unnr is found in Old Norse women's names.

Mairghread Plonced. Device. Per fess argent and purpure, a demi-badger rampant sable marked argent issuant from the line of division and three marguerites argent seeded Or.

Mateo de Merida. Device. Per pale wavy vert and argent, a sword inverted argent and a winged frog sejant contourny gules.

Mateo de Merida. Household name The Company of the Ship and the Star.

Snæbj{o,}rn sverdsbrjótr. Device. Vert, three bears statant within a bordure indented argent.

EAST

Ælfgar of Gedwearde. Name.

Anne Wyecliffe. Device. Purpure, a saltire cotised between four acorns argent.

Aodhan O Dunlaing. Name change from holding name Aodhan of the East.

Submitted as Aodhan Ó Dunlaing, this form was suggested by Pelican when the original submission was returned in September 2004. However, the suggested form is incorrect, as it omits some accents. We apologize to the submitter for providing invalid information. In registering Gaelic names, accents must be either used or dropped consistently; appropriate forms of this name are Aodhan O Dunlaing or Aodhán Ó Dúnlaing. As removing an accent is slightly less intrusive than adding two accents, we have registered this name as Aodhan O Dunlaing.

Brigit of Quintavia. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Vert, on a tree blasted and eradicated argent between in fess two trefoils Or a harp sable.

Submitted under the name Brigit inna Caillefada.

Brokenbridge, Canton of. Branch name (see PENDS for device).

Christian Wolfe of Edinburgh. Name change from holding name Christian of Malagentia.

Corwin Silvertongue. Name.

This is not a conflict with Caewlin Silvertongue. The bynames are identical, but the given names are significantly different in sound and appearance.

The name Corwin is an SCA-compatible English name.

David Fisch. Name and device. Sable, a fish skeleton bendwise sinister embowed argent.

Nice armory. This is clear of Brendel the Swordfish, Azure, a swordfish palewise haurient embowed to sinister argent. There is a CD between a fish and its skeleton. A fish skeleton is a period charge as seen in Pinches & Wood, A European Armorial (a reproduction of a 15th C roll of arms for the Order of the Golden Fleece) and in Siebmacher's Wappenbuch of 1605.

Gaila bat Baruch. Name and device. Or, a bend wavy between six roundels purpure.

Genevieve de Calais. Device. Ermine, on a chevron engrailed between three Maltese crosses gules a rose Or.

Hobbe Yonge. Name.

This name does not conflict with the name of the actor Robert Young. The submitted name is a well formed Scottish name built with common period elements, and the actor did not flourish in period, his influence is not such to warrant protection, nor does the mention of the name introduce a modern reference to most people.

Jacob Fisher. Name.

James McBane. Name.

Submitted as James McBain, the submitter requested a name authentic for 15th C Scotland and accepted minor changes. We are not convinced that McBain is a reasonable pre-1650s construct. The construction of the byname confuses three names with three separate derivations according to Black, The Surnames of Scotland. Black, s.n. Bain, gives Bain, a descriptive byname derived from the Gaelic bain "fair" and cites a William Bayn in 1467. Black, s.n. MacBain, derives this name from the Gaelic Mac a' ghille bhain, dates the form M'Vaine to 1638, and says "the names are sometimes confused with MacBean." Finally, there is the header form MacBean, which Black derives from the Gaelic Macbheathain, giving M'Bane in 1513. None of the forms listed s.n. MacBean suggest that McBain is a reasonable variant, and we have no forms s.n. MacBain before the 17th C. If the submitter is interested in a solidly 15th C Scots name, we would suggest James Bayn. However, the submitter also notes that he is most concerned about the sound of the name, and changing the name from a patronymic to a descriptive changes the sound and appearance more than we feel is appropriate. Therefore, we have changed the name to James McBane, an authentic early 16th C Scots name, in order to register it and to partially fulfill his request for authenticity.

John Ruxton. Name.

Katerine Fitzwilliam. Name change from Aikateríne Lukanina and device change. Argent, three dragonflies in pale vert between flaunches barry wavy azure and argent.

Her old name, Aikateríne Lukanina, is retained as an alternate name.

Her previous device, Barry wavy azure and argent, a dragonfly vert, is retained as a badge.

Kiena Stiward. Name.

Submitted as Kiena Stewart, the submitter requested a name authentic for 12th-16th C Scottish Lowlands. However, the name Kiena is documented as a 12th C English name. Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, s.n. Stewart, list Stiward in 1148. We have changed the name to Kiena Stiward, an authentic 12th C English name, to partially fulfill her request for authenticity.

Ljúfa Roðbjartsdóttir. Name.

Marcus Blackaert. Device. Sable, a lion rampant argent charged on the shoulder with a heart sable, in chief three fleurs-de-lys argent.

The heart would be more readily identifiable if there were fewer internal details on the lion.

Marguerite de Saint Nazaire. Name.

Marion del Okes. Badge. Or semy of oak leaves bendwise vert.

Michael McGoun. Name and device. Per chevron Or and gules, three monkeys statant collared and chained counterchanged.

Nice armory.

Nataliia Anastasiia Evgenova Sviatoslavina vnuchka. Device. Gules, three wolf's teeth issuant from sinister and a chief argent.

The submitter has permission to conflict with the device of Sorcha MacLeod, Sable, three wolf's teeth issuant from sinister and a chief argent.

Preston of Aschehyrst. Name.

Preston is the submitter's legal given name.

Quentin of Malagentia. Name.

The submitter requested an authentic Roman name. While the name Quentin is derived from the Roman praenomen Quintinus, Quentin is a French vernacular form of this name. In addition, the pattern of the name is the standard English [given] + of + [placename}. If the submitter is interested in an authentic Roman name, we suggest using the classic tria nomen form of [praenomen] + [nomen] + [cognomen]. For more information on choosing a Roman name, we recommend the Nova Roma "Choosing a Roman Name" website (http://www.novaroma.org/wiki/Choosing_a_Roman_name).

Quintavia, Shire of. Badge for Quintavian Bardic Guild. Vert, a harp reversed Or, in base two quill pens in saltire and a chief argent.

Quintavian Bardic Guild is a generic identifier.

Rachael of Bhakail. Name and device. Or, a wheel vert.

Richard Crowe. Device. Checky of nine sable and argent, four crows migrant sable.

The submitter has permission to conflict with the device of Brian Dritar an Con, Sable, on a cross argent, a sinister hand couped at the wrist apaumy sable, and with the badge of Egill von Stahl, Quarterly purpure and gules, in saltire an eagle displayed contourny Or between four eagles displayed contourny sable fimbriated Or.

Scheherazade al-Zahira. Device. Vert, a catamount statant guardant between in pale two crescents and in fess two scimitars inverted and addorsed argent.

Smoking Rocks, Barony of. Order name Order of the Companions of the Rock (see RETURNS for other order name).

Talan Gwyllt. Device. Per pale vert and argent, two horse's heads couped and a bordure counterchanged.

Tola knýtir. Name and device. Or fretty azure, on a fess gules three bezants.

There was some question of whether Lind, Norsk-Isländska Dopnamn Ock Fingerade Namn Från Medeltiden, listed a date for the name Tola. The entry for Tolla in Lind includes no dates, but Fellows-Jensen, Scandinavian Personal Names in Lincolnshire and York, s.n. Tola, dates Tola to 1209.

The submitter desired a byname meaning "one who knits". The submitter should be aware that the Old Icelandic words knýta, meaning "to knot or knit", and knýtr do not refer to the popular craft activity. Instead, it refers to the older sense of knit, which is to knot or bind.

Tristan le Chantecler de Champaigne. Name and device. Barry azure and argent, two yales combatant Or.

Nice armory.

LOCHAC

Æsa Hrólfsdóttir. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Annabelle Perrot. Name and device. Gules, two lions addorsed tails entwined and on a chief indented Or five annulets azure.

The submitter requested an authentic English/French/Scottish name. It is unclear what the submitter means by this, since a name borne by a person from one country who lived in either of the other countries listed here would be rendered in the language/form more appropriate for the language/culture in which it was written. However, this does seem to be a reasonable late period English name. Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, s.n. Parrot, notes Porrett, Perott, and Parrett in 1520. Perrot would be an expected variant given these forms.

Blazoned on the LoI as six annulets, most commenters noted that there are actually only five annulets so the device need not be pended for further conflict checking.

Ava del Mas. Device. Purpure, a goblet Or and on a bordure argent an orle of ivy vert.

Avery of the Wode. Name and device. Quarterly azure and argent, in bend sinister two legless wyverns erect embowed and counterembowed sable.

Blazoned on the LoI as winged serpents, the creatures have horns and a dragon's tail, thus we have reblazoned them as legless wyverns. Winged serpents would have bird wings, not bat wings. While pithons and wyverns were artistic variations in some periods and locations, we have chosen to blazon them as wyverns to reproduce the emblazon more accurately.

Ayla Bogenschützin. Name and device. Argent, on a chevron vert between two bows in chevron and a quiver holding three arrows purpure four horseshoes inverted argent.

Submitted as Ayla Bogenschütz_, a German woman's descriptive byname in the 15th C would be in the feminine or genitive form. We have changed the name to Ayla Bogenschützin to correct the grammar and fulfill her request for an authentic 15th C German name. We note that, at least for early 15th C, the article commonly appeared with descriptive bynames in some parts of Germany. Therefore, Ayla die Bogenschützin is also an expected 15th C form of this name.

Blazoned on the LoI as scythian horsebows, no documentation was provided for this type of bow; however, they are acceptable emblazons of generic bows and we have so blazoned them.

Bertram of Saint Monica. Name.

Listed on the LoI as Betram of Saint Monica, the documentation and forms both show the given name as Bertram. We have changed the name back to that form.

David de Derlington. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Draco de Euruic. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Eirikr the Eager. Name change from holding name Eirikr of Ynys Fawr.

This name mixes Old Norse and Middle English. This is one step from period practice.

Eleyne de Comnocke. Blanket permission to conflict with name.

Eleyne de Comnocke. Blanket permission to conflict with device. Purpure, a saltire and on a chief argent, three roses purpure barbed vert and seeded Or.

Permission to conflict is granted for any armory that is one countable step (one CD) from her device.

Eleyne de Comnocke. Release of device. Per saltire argent and purpure, in pale two roses and in fess two wolves salient counterchanged.

This is the submitter's old device, which should have been released when her new device, Purpure, a saltire and on a chief argent, three roses purpure barbed vert and seeded Or, was registered in October 2004.

Eleyne de Comnocke. Addition of joint owner Kaspar von Helmenstede for badge. (Fieldless) A mascle quarterly purpure and Or.

Hagen von Durnstein. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Hagen von Dürnstein, no documentation was submitted and none found showing that the form Dürnstein is found in period. However, Albion notes that an almost identical variant can be constructed from elements shown in her article, "German Place Names from a 16th C Czech Register" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/german/germanplace.html). This article lists Durnback and Durrenpach as well as Lobenstein. Given these elements, Durnstein is a plausible 16th C form for this placename. We have changed the name to Hagen von Durnstein in order to register it.

John Bucstan de Glonn. Device. Per chevron azure and gules, a fleur-de-lys and an orle Or.

Katherine Kerr of the Hermitage. Name (see RETURNS for device).

This addition of the locative byname of the Hermitage makes this name clear of conflict with the author Katherine Kerr.

Rosamond de Montford. Name.

Tatiana Konstantinova Ruslanova. Name and device. Purpure, three serpents embowed fretted in triquetra within a bordure nebuly argent.

Submitted as Tatiana Konstantiniya Ruslanova, the submitter requested an authentic Russian name. This name consists of two Christian given names and a patronymic. While there is evidence of double-given names used in Russian, in such structures, one name is Christian in origin while the other is a native Slavic name. While a name containing two Christian given names is registerable, it is not authentic. Two patronymics, however, is unremarkable. We have changed the name to Tatiana Konstantinova Ruslanova to fulfill her request for authenticity.

MERIDIES

Áine ingen Choluimb. Name and device. Per fess wavy vert and sable, a martlet argent and a tree eradicated Or.

Submitted as Áine ingen Coluimb, the submitter requested a name authentic for 11th-12th C Irish. This name is Middle Irish Gaelic, appropriate for this period. However, Gaelic grammar and Middle Irish spelling conventions require that the lenition for this patronymic be written. We have changed the name to Áine ingen Choluimb to correct the grammar.

Alexandre de la Torre y Rioja. Name and device. Argent, a bend sable between two castles gules.

Submitted as Alexandre de la Torre de Rioja, no documentation was submitted and none found showing that two locative bynames were combined in this manner in period. The expected form for such a combination is Alexandre de la Torre y Rioja; we have changed the name to this form in order to register it.

Nice Iberian armory to go with the name.

Alienor la Cuisiniere. Name change from Alienor of Iron Mountain and device. Azure, a cock Or and a bordure argent semy of roundels azure.

Her old name, Alienor of Iron Mountain, is released.

Anna Armstrong. Name.

Aoibheann an Einigh inghean Tighearnáin. Name.

Submitted as Aoibheann an Einigh inghean Tigehearnáin, the Saint Gabriel letter used to document the byname shows the spelling Tighearnáin. The correct Early Modern Irish spelling of the patronymic is, indeed, Tighearnáin. We have changed the name to Aoibheann an Einigh inghean Tighearnáin to match the corrected documentation and to correct the grammar.

Conrad vom Schwarzwald. Device. Sable, on a bend Or three pine trees palewise couped sable and a bordure Or semy of pine trees couped sable.

Eithne ingen Cholla. Name.

Submitted as Eithne ingen Colla, the grammar of Middle Irish Gaelic requires that the lenition of the patronymic be written. We have changed the name to Eithne ingen Cholla to correct the grammar.

Eleanor Spencer. Name and device. Vert, a hedgehog statant contourny Or its quills impaling grapes gules between three cinquefoils Or.

This name is not in conflict with Alleyne de Spencer, registered March 1981. The name Alleyne, at least in this case, is a variant of the masculine given name Allen. As the names Alleyne and Eleanor are not variant forms of the same name, and since they are significantly different in sound and appearance, there is no conflict between them.

Fearghus Amhreaidh. Name.

Kilian the Black. Name.

Submitted as Killian the Black, the name Killian is not registerable as an Anglicization of the Gaelic saint's name, Cillíne; however, this saint is also venerated in Germany, where the spelling Kilian is found. Kilian is found in various sources, including Talan Gwynek, "Late Period German Masculine Names" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/talan/germmasc/) where he shows this spelling in the 16th C in Plauen. We have changed the name to Kilian the Black in order to register it. As such, this name is combines a German name with the byname translated into English via the Lingua Anglica allowance. The name Kilian Schwarz would a fully German version of this name.

Kurt der Hager. Name and device. Per pale sable and vert, an anchor and a bordure argent.

Mandrigal of Mu. Reblazon of device. Gules, a monster couchant with the forequarters of a domestic cat and the wings and hindquarters of a dragon Or.

Registered in May 1980 with the blazon Gules, a chimera couchant Or, the creature is not a chimera by any definition. We have chosen to reblazon it by its components to aid in conflict checking (and in recreating the emblazon).

Marsle Lokart. Name and device. Azure, a closed fetterlock argent and in chief three hearts Or.

Micheál mac Conchradha. Name.

Submitted as Mi{c.}eál mac Concrada, the documentation for the byname shows the spelling as mac Conchradha. In addition, the given name used a punctum delens. The submitter is welcome to spell his name using this marking, but we do not register names using this transcription system:

Submitted as Sadb ingen S.uibne, the s. is intended to represent a punctum delens (a letter in Gaelic with a dot over it). This indicates that the letter is lenited. In the standard transcription of such letters in the Roman alphabet, lenition is shown by placing an 'h' after the letter that is lenited. We have changed the name to Sadb ingen Shuibhne to make the transcription system consistent for the Roman alphabet. The submitter is welcome to use the form Suibne with the punctum delens over the S when writing her name, if she wishes. [Sadb ingen Shuibne, September 2004]

We have changed the name to Micheál mac Conchradha in order to register it and to match the documentation. If the submitted is interested in the form using the punctum delens, we suggest Mi{c.}eál mac Con{c.}ra{d.}a.

The source material used to document this name was not adequately summarized. All that was provided for either name was the name of the dictionary-style work in which the name appeared and the page number where it was listed. Had the commenters not provided the missing information, we would have been forced to return this name.

Niamh inghean Chonchradha. Name.

Submitted as Niamh inghean Conchradha, Gaelic grammar requires that lenition be written for patronymics that start with the letter C in women's names. We have changed the name to Niamh inghean Chonchradha in order to register it.

No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that the name Niamh was ever actually used outside of literature in period. However, precedent states:

[Niamh ingen Maolán] While there is no evidence that Niamh was actually used in period, it appears in period sagas, in some cases as the name of a human being. [LoAR, July 2000]

Therefore, it is registerable as a literary name.

Russ mac an Toisich. Device. Per bend sinister embattled sable and azure, a quatrefoil Or charged with a cross fleury sable and a wolf sejant ululant argent.

Seamus Mac Enrig. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Seamus MacEanruig, the surname was documented from Black, The Surnames of Scotland. Gaelic names found in Black, including dated names found in the text, are nearly always modern normalized forms. The exception to this are Gaelic names cited from the Book of Deer and the 1467 MS, which appear in the form found in the original manuscripts. Without a second source showing that these forms are found in period, they are not registerable. The Annala Connacht has a form of the name MacEanruig dated to the late 15th C: mac Enrig. We have changed the name to Seamus Mac_Enrig in order to register it.

The submitter requested an authentic Scottish Gaelic name. However, as we have found no period examples of the Gaelic form of the surname in Scotland, we are unable to say whether the registered form is an authentic Scottish name.

MIDDLE

Ædric Lambert. Name.

Christian Noell. Name.

Originally submitted as Christina Noëlla, the name was changed to Cristian Noell at kingdom because no documentation was found for Noëlla and to partially fulfill an authenticity request. The submitter requested a name authentic for a "16th century English/French (Englishwoman married a frenchman and living in France)." The forms noted that if the spelling Noëlla was not registerable her preferred spelling was the English Noell. Given that the submitter has expressed a preference for the name Noell, it seems best to leave this name in its current form, which is an authentic late 16th C English name. In addition, no documentation was presented for the form Cristian. Talan Gwynek, "Feminine Given Names in A Dictionary of English Surnames" listed Christian in 1424 and 1562. We have changed the name to Christian Noell, an authentic late 16th C English name, to partially fulfill the submitter's request for authenticity.

Please note that the registered form is not the form we would expect for someone living in France. Albion notes:

If she's living in France, she'd be using the French form of her name. I've found three examples of <Christine> in the 16th century (see my "Late Period French Feminine Names" http://www.ellipsis.cx/ ~liana/names/french/latefrench.html); my source modernized the spellings of the given names, but I'll take Talan's word for it that <Christine> is probably a reasonable 16th C French spelling as well. My "French Names from Paris 1421, 1423, & 1438" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/ french/paris1423.html) has <Noel> as a given name and a surname three times each.

If the submitter is interested in an authentic late 15th C/early 16th C French form of this name, we recommend Christine Noel, as suggested by Albion.

Griffin Warren. Name.

Nice 16th C English name

Kateline Eliot. Badge. (Fieldless) A tyger rampant gules.

Nice badge! The submitter has permission to conflict with Kazimir Petrovich Pomeshanov's badge, (Fieldless) A tyger sejant erect gules.

Kendrick the Tinker. Device. Quarterly azure and gules, four anvils argent.

Nice device.

Trahearn ap Candalo. Name and device. Per pale sable and argent, a Latin cross throughout counterchanged.

Submitted as Trahaearn filius Candala, the submitter requested a name authentic for 13th C Welsh. The elements were all documented from Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvyrn, "A Simple Guide to Constructing 13th Century Welsh Names" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/tangwystyl/welsh13.html". However, Trahaearn is noted as the standard modern form of this name; Trahearn is noted as a form found in the 13th C. The spelling Candala appears to be a misspelling of the 13th C name Candalo. The article's author notes "a common convention is to use ap before consonants and ab before vowels, but in this document one scribe used ap all the time and the other ab all the time. Latin filius is also found." This means that if this name appeared in the tax roll on which the article is based, we would expect either the partially Latin Trahearn filius Candalo or the fully Welsh Trahearn ap Candalo. As the submitter has requested an authentic Welsh name, we have changed the name to Trahearn ap Candalo to match the documentation and partially fulfill his request for authenticity. Tangwystyl also notes "The tax roll was written by people familiar with English and Latin, but not necessarily with Welsh, so names do not necessarily appear in "classic" Welsh spellings." Therefore, it is possible that while this is a fully Welsh name, the spellings may not be typical for 13th C Welsh.

This device is clear of Lodewicus von Fürstenwalde's device, Per pale sable and argent, a Maltese cross counterchanged. There is a substantial (X.2) difference between a Maltese cross and a Latin cross throughout.

OUTLANDS

Blackwater Keep, Shire of. Ancient Arms. Gules, eight scorpions in annulo, facing outward, all within a laurel wreath Or.

When the Shire's arms were changed in July 2005, they had intended to retain their previous arms as Ancient Arms.

Hélène Boudin. Name.

Kaspar Morgengras. Name and device. Azure semy of harps, on a bend argent a natural tiger's head palewise cabossed sable.

Please advise the submitter to use a contrasting color for the internal detail on the tiger's head.

Kieran Blake. Device. Per pale argent and azure, a mascle fleury at the points counterchanged.

Kieran Blake. Badge. Azure, on a flame Or a heart gules, a bordure embattled Or.

Please advise the submitter to draw the flame and heart larger.

Lijsbet vande Visschereye. Name change from Maredudd Angharad ferch Gwenhyfar.

Listed on the LoI as Lijsbet uande Visschereye, both the forms and the documentation show Lijsbet vande Visschereye. We have changed the name back to the spelling shown on the form and the documentation.

The submitter requested a name authentic for 14th-15th C Flemish. This is a lovely 15th C Flemish name.

Her old name, Maredudd Angharad ferch Gwenhyfar, is released.

Liu Yuan Ming. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Madeleine de Seraucourt. Name.

Nice 16th C French name!

Rashida bint Rashid. Device. Argent, two dragonflies in fess purpure and on a chief triangular sable a sun argent.

Saito Takauji. Name.

Submitted as Saito Shintarou Takauji, the submitted requested an authentic Japanese name. No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that Shintarou is found as a name in period, although it can be constructed from known elements found in Japanese names. The submitted documentation, a letter from the Academy of Saint Gabriel, says:

We are not sure whether <Shintaro> is a correct yobina (intimate given name). Source [1] glosses its kanji as "new" and "first son". The kanji translated there as "new" is correct [6], but we do not know if that kanji was in fact used in names in your period. Two other kanji that are pronounced <shin> were used in names: one means "parent, intimate", the other "eighth (bitter)" [4]. The second part of the gloss is correct: <Tarou> (as it is more accurately transliterated) is composed of two kanji that mean "first/eldest son". We do not have a pre-modern example of <Shintarou>;

Given the doubts in the documentation of whether this name is well formed, the lack of examples of this name before the 19th C, and the submitter's request for authenticity, it seems best to drop this name. We have changed the name to Saito_Takauji to fulfill the submitter's request for authenticity.

The documentation for this name was inadequately summarized on the LoI. Only the name and number of the Saint Gabriel letter was included. This is unacceptable for any documentation -- the write-up on the LoI is supposed to tell the College of Arms why an item is registerable; it is not supposed to just point to a random source which may or may not support a name. As noted, in this case, the submitted documentation does not really support the submitted name; had the write-up on the LoI properly described the Saint Gabriel letter this would have been obvious. Lack of proper documentation and summarization of sources is grounds for return. Had the College not provided the missing information, we would have been forced to return this name.

TRIMARIS

Chrysantha d'Argento. Device. Azure, a mullet of twelve points argent between three bezants all within a bordure argent.

Please advise the submitter to draw the bordure wider.

Étain ingen Chathail huí Guaire. Name.

Submitted as Étain ingen Chathail ui Guaire, the appropriate Middle Irish patronymic marker in the second patronymic is huí. We have changed the name to Étain ingen Chathail huí Guaire in order to register it.

Marie Le Main. Name and device. Per pale purpure and argent, a hand counterchanged.

Morgan Goch Bengrek. Device. Per bend sinister vert and sable, a spider and a drop spindle Or.

Rhys Westouer. Name and device. Sable, a compass star argent and in chief a letter "W" Or.

Segdae hua Morda. Device. Vert, a wolf's head erased and on a chief argent three lymphads sable.

Thomas von Wildtstein. Name and device. Per pale gules and sable, a musimon rampant contourny within a bordure Or.

Nice 16th C German name!

Wyvernwoode, Barony of. Order name Order of the Wyvern's Heart (see RETURNS for badge).

The pattern Order of the Wyvern's + [object associated with a wyvern] is grandfathered to the Barony.

Wyvernwoode, Barony of. Badge for Order of the Wyvern's Claw. Vert, a wyvern's foot inverted couped contourny argent.

WEST

Aleit Pietersdochter. Name and device. Sable, a chevron erminois between three escutcheons argent.

Nice 15th C Flemish name!

Ayloara de Meddestane. Name.

There was some question whether the name Maidstone or Meddestane was temporally consistent with the 909 date for Ayloara. Mills, A Dictionary of British Placenames, s.n. Maidstone, dates Meddestane to the Domesday book. Therefore, this name is temporally consistent. However, it mixes a Frankish given name with an English placename as recorded in a Latin document. This is one step from period practice.

Custance Lymnour. Name.

Submitted as Constance Lymnour, the submitter requested a name authentic for the 14th C. The byname Lymnour is not found in this spelling until the late 15th C. However, the Oxford English Dictionary shows this spelling of the word in 1398. This is still very late in the 14th C, but this is not surprising since the OED does not show any form of Limner, a short form of Luminer, until 1389. This late emergence of the word suggests that the form Lymnour is not the best choice for a 14th C name, although it is a possible form. However, to make the name authentic Lymnour should be paired with a late 14th C form of the given name. Bardsley, A Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames, s.n. Custance, shows Custance de Bergh. Forms of this name starting with Cu- rather than Con- are found throughout the 14th C; Bardesley also shows the given name Custans in 1379, and the surnames Custaunce, Custanson, and Custeson in the same year. We have changed the name to Custance Lymnour to fulfill her request for authenticity.

Enderlin Jäger. Name and device. Argent, a bend between six crescents gules.

Nice armory!

Esja hjaltlendingr. Name.

Esther of Darkhaven. Reblazon of badge. Argent, a wyvern contourny bendwise sinister, wings addorsed, sable.

Registered in January 1973 with the blazon Argent, a wivern volant to sinister semi-displayed sable, taloned, orbed and langued gules, that blazon did not adequately describe the wyvern's orientation and posture.

Gemini de Grendel. Badge. Sable, in fess two compass stars elongated to base argent.

The badge is allusive to the constellation Gemini but, as noted when his device was registered in March 2003, a single allusion is not excessive allusion. This badge can therefore be registered.

John Patten. Badge. (Fieldless) A chess rook purpure.

Kolskeggr skialdarbriótr fra Einkunnir. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Kolskeggr skjaldarbrotamaðr fra Einkunnir, skjaldarbrotamaðr is a constructed byname intended to mean "shield breaker". However, Argent Snail notes that this name might not have the intended meaning:

The translation of 'Shieldbreaker' is fairly long and clumsy. Lind Bynames also gives

Brotamaðr the possible meaning of as 'having cramps, being epileptic'. Instead, we would suggest translation 'Shieldbreaker' as skjaldarbriotr (skialdabriótr if the exact spelling in Lind is followed.)

The first part appears in the byname 'skialdarband (Lind Bynames, column 323, under Skialdarband) and is what was intended to be used here anyway. The latter part -briótr appears in garðabriótr (fence-breaker), haugabriótr (gravehill breaker) and hornabriótr (hornbreaker), all of which seem to retain the same sense as the original the submitter is aiming at.

We have changed the name to Kolskeggr skialdarbriótr fra Einkunnir to give the byname the submitter's intended meaning. We note that Kolskeggr skjaldarbriótr í Einkunnir would be a more usual form for this name; while the preposition fra is occasionally found with locative bynames in Old Norse sagas, the preposition í is more common.

Rayna O'Donnell. Device. Vert, a natural dolphin naiant argent between three escallops Or.

Reynaud de Burgundy. Reblazon of device. Argent, a fox rampant proper maintaining in its dexter paw three arrows inverted Or within a bordure embattled gules.

Registered in August 1979 with the blazon Argent, a fox rampant proper grasping in dexter paw three arrows inverted Or within a bordure embattled gules, it was unclear whether the arrows were maintained or sustained. They are maintained.

Rhys ap Thomyn. Name and device. Per bend azure and purpure, a mullet of four points elongated to base argent and an open book Or.

West, Kingdom of the. Badge. Or, a demi-sun within an oak wreath vert.

- Explicit littera accipendorum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN RETURNED FOR FURTHER WORK:

ÆTHELMEARC

Tuathflaith ingen uí Chellaich. Device. Per bend sinister "purpure" and azure, a bend sinister argent between a sprig of three oak leaves bendwise inverted Or and a stag's head couped, a bordure argent.

This device must be returned for using a tincture halfway between purpure and gules, apparently as a result of using a color printer.

AN TIR

Maccus Hundwinesunu. Name.

This name is presumptuous of the legendary founder of the Clan Maxwell in Scotland. Black, The Surnames of Scotland, s.n. Maxwell, says

Maccus, son of Undewyn, a Saxon lord, in the reign of David I, obtained a grant of land (now called Springwood) on the Tweed before 1130 (Morton, p. 16), and from the fishery attached thereto, called Maccus's Wiel (OE. wael, a pool whirlpool), the lands obtained their name.

Hundwine is a variant spelling of the name Undewyn.

ANSTEORRA

Alexandra Lunette Arundel. Device. Azure, a swan displayed, head to sinister, argent and a chief lozengy Or and azure.

This device is returned for multiple conflicts. The January 2000 Cover Letter stated:

The new solution to the problem is to sacrifice some of the theoretical purity of separation of type and posture. Because only eagles among birds are attested as displayed in period, any other bird in a displayed posture will be compared to any bird in a displayed posture usuing [sic] the visual test of rule X.4.e for non-period charges. Thus there will not be a CD between an owl displayed and an eagle displayed, because they are too visually similar, but there will be a CD between an owl displayed and a penguin displayed, because there is still significant visual difference. Additionally any bird other than an eagle in a displayed posture will be considered a "weirdness" [step from standard period practice].

Alexandra's device conflicts with the device of Francesca of Bright Angel, Azure, a dove displayed, head elevated argent, and with the important non-SCA arms of House of Este and of Modena, Azure, an eagle displayed argent crowned Or. In each case there is a CD for adding the chief. As drawn, there is nothing for the difference between the displayed birds, nor is removing the eagle's crown worth anything.

Ansteorra, Kingdom of. Badge for Ansteorran Royal Navy. Or, on a mullet of five greater and five lesser points sable an anchor Or, all within a bordure sable.

This badge is returned for multiple conflicts. As a mullet of five greater and five lesser points is not eligible for X.4.j.ii, changing the type only of a tertiary charge is insufficient for a CD. Thus this badge conflicts with the device of al-Azar Lucero, Or, on a sun sable a decrescent moon Or within a bordure sable bezanty, with a single CD for removing the bezants. It also conflicts with the device of Eliahu ben Itzhak, Or, on a mullet of six points sable, a griffin segreant contourny Or, and with his badge, Or, on a mullet of six points sable a griffin sejant to sinister erect, grasping in its dexter talon three arrows inverted and in its sinister talon a paintbrush and palette, all Or. In each case there is a single CD for adding the bordure.

Chiang Ti Lung. Device. Argent, a bend sinister sable between two Japanese cranes displayed gules.

This device is returned for violating RfS VII; the cranes are neither recognizable nor identifiable. They match neither the prior registrations of Japanese cranes nor the depictions in MON - The Japanese Family Crest by W. M. Hawley and Kei Kaneda Chappelear.

Martino Giovanni Arciere. Device. Argent, a legless wyvern erect facing sinister sable, wings displayed gules, within an orle per saltire sable and gules.

This device is returned for a redraw. The wyvern's belly is compony sable and argent; on an argent field this fatally hinders identification of the wyvern. In addition, the wyvern's body is in a loop which cannot be blazoned - it most closely resembles a helical structure of some type.

ARTEMISIA

None.

ATENVELDT

Elaria filia Robert. Badge. (Fieldless) A leaf Or.

This badge is returned for visual conflict under RfS X.5 with Leia di Capraia's badge, (Fieldless) A card pique Or.

This leaf is a nice, oval leaf, which is the default for a generic leaf. As noted elsewhere in this letter (q.v.Marthe Elsbeth of Oak Hill, R-Meridies), there is a CD between an oak leaf and a card pique; however, a generic leaf is not an oak leaf (and in fact there is CD between a generic leaf and an oak leaf). A properly drawn oak leaf would be unlikely to visually conflict with a card pique.

ATLANTIA

Livia Zanna. Device. Azure, a falcon and on a chief embattled argent, three roses proper.

This device is returned for conflict with the device of Morgan the Falconer, Azure, a falcon displayed, belled and jessed, on a chief embattled argent three roses purpure. There is a CD for the falcon's posture but that is the only CD. Changing the tincture alone of the tertiary charges is insufficient for a second CD. Nor is there a CD for removing the falcon's bells and jesses.

The submitter has permission to conflict with Lynette Jaclyn Davéjean, Azure, a dove and on a chief argent, two roses proper.

Þorsteinn sviðbalki. Device. Per bend azure and argent, a bend cotised between two thunderbolts, all counterchanged.

This device is returned for redraw. The space between bend and cotise should be wider, preferably the width of the cotise. As drawn it is nigh on impossible to recognize the cotises as cotises. The thunderbolts need to be redrawn so that the lightning bolts aren't a single thin line. As drawn, nothing except the ends of the argent lightning bolts are visible, giving the appearance of a pillar between four arrowheads.

Turgeis Hakonsson and Sunniva Kyrre. Joint badge. (Fieldless) In saltire four mascles interlaced argent.

This badge is returned for conflict with the protected badge of Bowen, (Tinctureless) A Bowen knot. There are period examples of Bowen knots drawn with square corners, c.f. The Oxford Guide to Heraldry, p. 149. There is a single CD under RfS X.4.a.iii for fieldlessness.

Turgeis Hakonsson and Sunniva Kyrre. Joint badge. (Fieldless) In saltire four mascles interlaced azure.

This badge is returned for conflict with the protected badge of Bowen, (Tinctureless) A Bowen knot. There are period examples of Bowen knots drawn with square corners, c.f. The Oxford Guide to Heraldry, p. 149. There is a single CD under RfS X.4.a.iii for fieldlessness.

CAID

Damian O'Hara. Device. Sable, on a cross moline gules fimbriated an escallop argent.

This device is returned for using a fimbriated cross moline.

In July 1999 (q.v. Andrew Talbot), Laurel ruled "A cross moline is too complex to fimbriate". Evidence was presented on the LoI and in commentary that crosses flory, crosses patonce, and crosses moline were voided in period; however, a number of those examples were actually a complex cross charged with a cross couped. Most of the citations were from Papworth, meaning that they are modern blazons with no emblazons. Brachet found that Anglo-Norman Armory II - An Ordinary of Thirteenth Century Armorials by Cecil R. Humphery-Smith has Azure a cross Moline voided Or, debruised by a bendlet gules for William Cassinges from the First Dunstable Roll, 1308. Brachet notes that the drawing clearly shows the curls at the end as voided and that it is the only cross voided in the book. Anglo-Norman Armory II is a modern redraw of period armory. It is worth noting that the First Dunstable has not yet been published in the Aspilogia series, or in any other publicly available format to verify that this form of voiding a cross moline is a valid period form. As only a single example was found in Anglo-Norman Armory II of a cross voided, this is insufficient to overturn the July 1999 precedent.

Khalida al-Khansa'. Device. Per pale sable and argent, a lotus blossom in profile gules.

This device is returned for lack of identifiability per RfS VII.a. The lotus blossom is neither in profile nor affronty; it is highly stylized, appearing almost as a lotus blossom enflamed.

CALONTIR

Juliana Macnayre. Badge. Azure, a triskele between three arrows, points outward, a bordure Or.

This badge is being returned for violating RfS VII.b - Reconstruction Requirements, as a blazon could not be derived that would adequately position the arrows. Blazoned on the LoI as in pall, the arrows aren't in pall, nor are they in a blazonable orientation. The closest would be an arrow almost fesswise, and an arrow bendwise sinister, and an arrow almost bendwise.

Pipa Sparkes. Badge. (Fieldless) A furison vert.

Unfortunately, this badge must be returned under RfS X.5 for visual conflict with a badge for the Barony of the Forgotten Sea, (Fieldless) A Ukrainian trident head vert.

DRACHENWALD

Emoni de la Fère. Device. Per bend sable and barry argent and purpure, the sinister half of a fleur-de-lys issuant from the line of division argent.

This device is returned for lack of a mini-emblazon. Apparently Titivillus had a busy day - the electronic copies of the LoI had a mini-emblazon but not the paper copies. As we have not yet switched to an all-electronic format, this must be returned because of those missing mini-emblazons.

EALDORMERE

Bethóc ingen Mael Féchín Fynletyr. Device. Per saltire gules and purpure, a unicornate sea-horse argent within a bordure per saltire Or and argent.

This must be returned for using a unicornate sea-horse. The mini-emblazon and one of the emblazons sent to Laurel were missing the required beard that distinguishes the allowed sea-unicorn from the disallowed unicornate sea-horse.

Brigit Larkin. Device. Quarterly argent and azure, a cross of Saint Brigid throughout counterchanged.

This device is returned for violating the requirements of RfS VIII.3 - Armorial Identifiability. While a cross of Saint Brigid is an acceptable charge, the center detail and the straw markings are required for identifiability purposes. Making a cross of Saint Brigid throughout fatally hampers its identifiability; a cross of Saint Brigid throughout is not registerable. Counterchanging a cross of Saint Brigid hampers its identifiability; however, we are uncertain if such counterchanging is a bar to registration and decline to rule on the issue at this time.

This device is clear of Samme of the Towers' device, Quarterly argent and azure, a cross clechy counterchanged; there is a substantial (X.2) difference between a cross clechy and a cross of Saint Brigid.

Davin de la Baleine. Device. Azure, in pale a narwhal haurient embowed and two swords in saltire, a bordure argent.

This device is returned for conflict with the badge of Tristan Alexander, Azure, in pale an escallop and two tridents in saltire all within a bordure argent. As there are three types of charges on the field, RfS X.2 does not apply. Thus there is only a single CD for changing the type of all the primary charges.

Edward Fuchyn. Name.

This name, as several commenters noted, runs afoul of RfS IV.1, which states "Pornographic or scatological terms will not be registered." We note that the name Fuchyn is a documented Dutch name. However, its pronunciation is far too close to, well, to quote a popular Christmas film, "THE word, the big one, the queen-mother of dirty words, the "F-dash-dash-dash" word!" (A Christmas Story, Jean Shepherd, Leigh Brown, and Bob Edwin Clark), to be registerable.

His armory has been registered under the holding name Edward of Ealdormere.

Emer ingen Meic Aedain. Name and badge. Argent, three foxes courant in annulo conjoined at the feet gules.

In the past, the name Emer has not been registerable because it was considered a unique legendary name. The submitter here has attempted to demonstrate two things: that the name is not unique, and that it was the name of a saint and, therefore, generally registerable. She has provided a quote from a period Latin life of Saint Patrick noting that his foster sisters, the two Emers, took the veil and were venerated by many. She also provided documentation that, in today's Celtic Church, the two are considered saints. However, it is not clear from the writings whether this citation was of the proper name of these two women or whether this was a descriptive name applied to the two women as a pair. Rowel notes that in the Irish Annals Saint Patrick's foster sisters are not named Emer and that the Betha Phatraic found on CELT (http://www.ucc.ie/celt) lists five sisters: Tigris, Dar Ercca, Liamain, Richell and Lupait. Barring evidence that these women were actually named Emer in period, and not just referred to as a collective, we must consider that the name Emer is still a unique legendary name.

This badge is returned for conflict with Richard Blackbury's device, Argent, a tricorporate fox gules, marked proper. [Vulpes vulpes]. A tricorporate fox has three bodies with a single head. We typically do not grant a CD for conjoined versus not conjoined, therefore there is only a single CD for the postures of the foxes (courant versus erect).

Medb ingen Dúngaile. Device. Azure fretty argent, a weaver's slea and a bordure Or.

This device is returned for redraw. The proportions of the weaver's slea are incorrect; it should be much longer than it is wide. Also, the weaver's slea should have wires between the uprights, that is, the field should show through as it does on a harp.

EAST

Anna Katharine von Argenthal. Device. Per pale and per chevron inverted vert and argent, a chevron inverted counterchanged.

This device is returned for redraw. As drawn this is indistinguishable from chevronelly inverted. It thus conflicts with the device of Eadan Munro, Per pale and chevronelly inverted gules and argent, with a single CD for changing the tincture of half the field. In this case all of the stripes are of equal width, which contributes to the chevronelly inverted impression. Making the chevron inverted narrower, so that each half of the chevron is significantly narrower than the portions of the field above and below the chevron, would probably be sufficient to allow registration of this motif.

Brigit inna Caillefada. Name.

No documentation was submitted and none supplied by the commenters to suggest that an Irish constructed placename meaning "long wood" follows patterns of Irish placename construction. To register a constructed placename, it is necessary to demonstrate that it follows known patterns of the language/culture used for the placename elements. In addition, no documentation was submitted and none found for the element inna; without documentation showing this word was used in names, it is not registerable as part of an Irish Gaelic name.

If documentation were found to demonstrate that a placename meaning "long wood" is a reasonable Irish placename construction, there would still be some question whether Caillefada would be an appropriate form. In fact, it appears to be fairly close to the expected Middle Irish form. In Modern Irish Gaelic, the English locative Longwood is translated Coill Fhada. The few names found in the Irish Annals using the word Coill tend to have a space between this word and its modifier. The Dictionary of the Irish Language s.v. caill translates this word as "wood". If documentation were found showing a pattern of for period Irish placenames that supports this construction, we would expect Caill Fhada as the nominative and Caille Fhada as the genitive Middle Irish form for this place. Brigit Caille Fhada would be an expected Middle Irish form for this name.

Her armory has been registered under the holding name Brigit of Quintavia.

Jean de la Montaigne. Name and device. Argent, a compass star voided, in chief three mullets and in base a bar wavy azure.

The name conflicts with Jean de Montaigne, registered April 1996. The given name and the descriptive element of the byname are identical. The addition of the article la is not sufficient difference to clear conflict.

This device is returned for conflict with a badge of Lorimer MacAltin of Garioch, Argent, on a compass star azure a thistle couped argent. In June 2002 Laurel ruled:

We can thus see that the three following very dissimilar-sounding blazons can all be drawn identically, and thus should be considered heraldically equivalent: A lozenge Or charged with a lozenge gules, A lozenge Or voided gules, and A lozenge gules fimbriated Or. This heraldic equivalence will apply for any charge "simple enough to void" by the criteria stated in the Cover Letter for the November 1992 LoAR. When checking for conflict with armory using fimbriation or voiding, all these interpretations should be considered when checking for conflict, and if one of the interpretations conflicts, the two pieces of armory conflict. This does not seem overly restrictive when one considers the rarity of armory in period featuring voided or fimbriated charges, or arms with the design of A "charge" charged with "the same type of charge". These are very uncommon designs in period. Period viewers probably had the same sorts of problems that we have when interpreting such designs. [Cecily of Whitehaven, 06/02, R-Æthelmearc]

Consider Jean's device as Argent, on a compass star azure a compass star argent, in chief three mullets and in base a bar wavy azure. Against Lorimer's badge there is a CD for adding the secondary charges. However, as there are more than two types of charges on the field, at least two visually significant changes to the tertiary charges are required to gain a CD under RfS X.4.j.ii. Changing the type only of the tertiary charge from a thistle to a compass star is insufficient for the necessary second CD.

Kajiyama Shinobu. Name change from holding name Jennifer of the East.

No documentation was submitted and none found to show that the name Shinobu was used by women in period or that it is constructed following period patterns for Japanese women's names. The name was documented from Kat Monk's Onomastikon, which provides lists of names from unknown sources with unknown dates. The commenters provided no further information on this name, nor were the Pelican staff able to construct it using the resources in Solveig Throndardottir, Name Construction in Medieval Japan. While the name is used in the 20th C for both men and women, without documentation for its use or demonstrating its construction is consistent with period Japanese women's name, it is not registerable.

The name was documented mostly from Kate Monk's Onomastikon (www.gaminggeeks.org/Resources/KateMonk/index.htm). This site is not appropriate for documentation for SCA use. While the author clearly got the names from somewhere, exactly where isn't clear. Furthermore, the site contains no dates and no cross-references to the sources where the names are found. Consequently, it is impossible to evaluate the names on this site by tracing them to the sources used by the sites author. Even the author notes:

All names included are from genuine sources to the best of her knowledge, but this is not an academic study and should not be relied upon by re-enactment societies which require specific dates and instances of occurrence for the names they use.

Manuel De Miércolas. Name.

No documentation was submitted and none found that De Miércolas is a reasonable Spanish byname. No documentation was included for the element by the submitter, and the closest the kingdom could come was to guess that it was a descriptive byname meaning "of Wednesday". To be registerable, the submitter must either demonstrate that Miércolas is a Spanish placename found in period, or that names of the days of the week were used as bynames in period in Spanish.

While not a reason for return, we note that in Spanish names, prepositions are found in all lowercase rather than the submitted mixed case.

Smoking Rocks, Barony of. Order name Order of the Concord.

This name conflicts with the city of Concord, Massachusetts. As one of the two cities in which the first shots of the American Revolution were fired, the placename is important enough to protect.

LOCHAC

Æsa Hrólfsdóttir. Device. Azure, a sun in splendour and on a chief Or two ravens respectant azure.

This device is returned for conflict with the device of Anne of Calafia, Azure, a sun and on a chief Or three water pitchers azure, with a single CD for the changes to the tertiary charges. It also conflicts with Edonea MacKay, Azure, a sun in splendor and on a chief Or three ravens sable, also with a single CD for changing the number and tincture of the tertiary charges.

Catalina de Gata. Device. Vert, on a bend sinister argent three lion's heads palewise erased gules.

This device is returned for conflict with the device of Leslie the Brown, Vert, on a bend sinister argent a Hermit Thrush close proper. [Hylocichla guttata]. There is a single CD for the changes to the tertiary charges.

David de Derlington. Device. Gules, on a fess between three leopard's faces Or three crosses crosslet gules.

This device is returned for conflict with the device of Heinrich Alaric Friedrich von Kreissmann, Gules, on a fess between three lion's heads cabossed Or an iguana statant vert, with a single CD for changes to the tertiary charges. There is not a CD between a leopard's face and a lion's head cabossed. In fact, in period they would have been equivalent blazons.

Draco de Euruic. Device. Gules, a triskelion of dragon's heads and on a bordure argent an orle sable.

This device is returned for a redraw; the orle and the spaces on either side of it should be of approximately equal width. As several commenters noted, this appears to be Sable, on an escutcheon gules fimbriated a triskelion of dragon's heads argent.

Hagen von Durnstein. Device. Argent, a fox rampant within an orle gules.

Unfortunately, this device must be returned for conflict with the device of Reynaud de Burgundy, Argent, a fox rampant proper maintaining in dexter paw three arrows inverted Or within a bordure embattled gules, which is reblazoned elsewhere on this letter. There is a single CD for changing the bordure to an orle, but nothing for changing from a fox proper to a fox gules or for removing the maintained charges.

Katherine Kerr of the Hermitage. Device. Quarterly per pale embattled argent and sable, in bend two boarhound's heads couped close and in bend sinister two towers palewise all counterchanged.

This device is returned for violating the requirements of RfS VIII.3 - Armorial Identifiability. The heads appear to be more of a boar than a hound. The submitter provided documentation that a hound was used as a crest in period armory. However, no documentation was provided that the hound shown was known as a boarhound in period, or that boarhounds were called this in period. The OED dates the first usage of Boar-dog to 1792, and boarhound to 1884. Finally, the heads depicted in the submission do not match the heads of the hound found in the documentation provided.

Magdalena da Colle Santa Lucia. Name and device. Argent, an hourglass azure within a bordure potenty vert.

No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that compound locative bynames in Italian followed the pattern [topographic feature] + [name]. In the case of Colle Santa Lucia, we have period examples of people named as being from this place. Orle provides this citation and translation from Dizionario Di Toponomastica, Storia e Significato Dei Nomi Geografici Italiani, s.n. Colle Santa Lucia:

Colle Santa Lucia. Il toponimo ha chiara etimologia ed è di origine agionimica poiché riflette il culto di S. Lucia; è nominato nell'a.1333 Joanni de Colo, poi a. 1335 Martino de Colo, in documenti della cancelleria tedesca a. 1357 Zingut von Coll, avocaia zu Coll, a.1379 Lucienkirche in Colle e poi Coll di S. Lucia nel 1479; nella dizione locale il paese è chiamato semplicemente còl.

Hill Saint Lucia. The toponym and has clear hagiographic (?) etimology [sic] since it reflects the cult of S. Lucia; it is name in a.1333 Joanni de Colo, then to a.1335 Martino de Colo, in documents of the German papal chancery to a.1357 Zingut von Coll, avocaia zu Coll, a.1379 Lucienkirche in Colle and then Coll di S. Lucia in 1479; in the local mode of expression the country is called simply còl.

The citation above makes it clear that, while the place acquired its compound form by 1479, this form was not found in personal names. We would change the name to Magdalena de Colo to match the citation above, but this would be a major change which the submitter will not accept.

As the submitter does not allow a holding name to be formed, this device must also be returned.

When she resubmits, please advise the submitter to draw the potenty line so that the crossbars of the potents (the T's) are the same width as their stems.

MERIDIES

Gabriello d'Angelo. Name.

This name is too evocative of the archangel Gabriel. While the name does not mean Gabriel of the Angels, the combination of the given name with a patronymic where the name shares an etymology and sound with the word angel is too evocative.

Katherine of the Wode. Name.

This name conflicts with Kate Wood, registered February 1975. The Rules for Submission state that "Irrespective of differences in sound and appearance, a given name is not significantly different from any of its diminutives when they are used as given names." In addition, the addition or deletion of prepositions or articles in bynames do not count for difference.

Marthe Elsbeth of Oak Hill. Device. Per bend sinister sable and argent, two oak leaves counterchanged.

This device is returned for conflict with the badge of Briana Galbraith MacCrimmon, Per bend sinister sable and argent, a thistle and a card-pique counterchanged. While there is a CD between a card pique and an oak leaf, there is not a substantial (X.2) difference, there is thus a single CD, for changing the type of the primary charge.

Blazoned on the LoI as per bend, as most commenters noted the field is actually per bend sinister.

Seamus Mac Enrig. Device. Per bend sinister sable and azure, a bend sinister "bretessed" Or between a wolf salient and an ivy leaf argent.

This is returned for redraw as the bend sinister is neither bretessed nor embattled-counterembattled. If the bend sinister cannot be blazoned, it cannot be registered, per RfS VII.7.b. Please have the submitter draw the crenellations so those on one edge line up with those on the opposite edge. Also advise the submitter to draw the bend sinister a bit wider on resubmission, as well.

MIDDLE

None.

OUTLANDS

Liu Yuan Ming. Device. Sable, a pagoda within a dragon in annulo vorant of its tail Or.

This device is returned under RfS X.5 for visual conflict with the device of Balin the Fairhaired, Sable, a square anvil within an annulet Or. It is also returned for conflict with the device of Ellen of Neglamer, Sable, a conical roofed tower Or, ajouree in the upper sinister part, with a single CD for adding the dragon. For those interested, ajouree means that the tower has a window. This is not a detail we would blazon at this time.

While a pagoda is not found in period European heraldry, we will register them as variants of towers (and as such they conflict with towers). The pagoda in this submission does not match those that we could find. A pagoda should be drawn with at least three tiers and with a pointy, not flat, top. If documentation for the style of pagoda (as a period style of pagoda) shown in the submission exists, the submitter should provide it with any resubmission using this same style of pagoda.

Mari the Far-Travelled. Device. Per bend azure and vert, a winged horse's head couped at the shoulder contourny between three compass stars tenné.

This device is returned for recoloring. Though the charges were blazoned on the LoI as Or, they were tinctured on the forms as orange (i.e., tenné). This has long been cause for return: the SCA does not register stains such as tenné.

Simon Montgumery. Badge. (Fieldless) A compass rose argent surmounted by a capital letter "S" gules.

This badge is returned for redraw, as the "S" is barely overall. It should be drawn so that it is either clearly overall or clearly a tertiary charge.

TRIMARIS

Fernando Miguel de Valencia. Badge. (Fieldless) Four swords in saltire points to center argent, overall a fountain.

This badge is returned for redesign. The area of overlap between the fountain and the swords is so large that the swords lose their identifiability, in violation of RfS VIII.3.

Wyvernwoode, Barony of. Badge. Vert, a tricorporate wyvern contourny argent.

This badge is returned for conflict with the device of Frederick de Cathcart, Vert, three wyverns erect one and two argent. There is a single CD for the arrangement of the wyverns. This badge does not conflict with the device of Irene of Kensington, Vert, a basilisk statant, wings addorsed, argent. There is a CD between a creature with a single body and one with three bodies. There is a second CD for orientation as none of Wyvernwoode's wyvern's are in the same orientation as Irene's basilisk.

WEST

Friedrich Sybold. Device. Vert, in chief three lozenges and on a base rayonny argent an annulet vert.

This device is returned for redraw of the line of division. The line is more angular then rayonny. Drawn with three rayons, there needs to be at least one more rayon in the rayonny - and doubling the number would be better..

Kolskeggr skialdarbriótr fra Einkunnir. Device. Quarterly vert and argent, in fess two lightning bolts Or.

This device must be returned as no form was received by Laurel.

Leohtulf of the Silver Hills and Gillian Trenowyth. Joint badge. Per bend gules and azure, a heart and a wolf's head cabossed argent.

This badge is returned for redraw as the line of division is halfway between per bend and per fess. The field cannot be accurately blazoned, and so per RfS VIII.7.b cannot be registered.

This problem was not noted by the commenters because the mini-emblazon on the LoI does not match the submission forms. Such a mismatch is by itself sufficient reason for return.

- Explicit littera renuntiationum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN PENDED UNTIL THE April 2006 LAUREL MEETING (OR AS NOTED):

ATLANTIA

Mavis M'Encrogh. Device. Per bend invected vert and argent, a tree eradicated counterchanged.

Blazoned on the LoI as Per bend invected argent and vert, a tree eradicated counterchanged, the field tinctures are reversed. This is pended to allow conflict checking under the correct tinctures.

This was item 8 on the Atlantia letter of May 25, 2006.

CALONTIR

Cécille Cerise of Cherybeare. Device. Or, a cherry gules double slipped each leaved vert, an orle of gouttes sable.

This is pended as the mini-emblazon on the LoI was invisible. A letter of correction was not sent until the end of the secondary commentary period. Blazoned on the LoI as Or, a cherry double slipped each leaved vert, an orle of gouttes sable, the cherry is actually gules. This is pended to allow conflict checking with the emblazon and the correct tinctures.

This was item 2 on the Calontir letter of May 30, 2006.

Dylan of Vatavia. Holding name and device. Per bend sinister vert and azure, on a Celtic cross Or a sword azure.

This is pended as the mini-emblazon on the LoI was invisible. A letter of correction was not sent until the end of the secondary commentary period. Blazoned on the LoI as Per bend sinister azure and vert, on a Celtic cross Or a sword azure, the field is actually Per bend sinister vert and azure. This is pended to allow conflict checking with the emblazon and correct tinctures.

Submitted under the name Dylan the Scot, that name was returned on the May 2006 LoAR.

This was item 4 on the Calontir letter of May 30, 2006.

Giudo di Niccolo Brunelleschi. Badge. Purpure, a pale argent surmounted a slip of willow bendwise sinister throughout Or.

This is pended as the mini-emblazon on the LoI was nearly invisible. A letter of correction was not sent until the end of the secondary commentary period. This is pended to allow conflict checking with the emblazon.

This was item 5 on the Calontir letter of May 30, 2006.

Mikhail Nikolaevich Kramolnikov. Badge. Lozengy Or and vert semy of patriarchal crosses Or.

This is pended as the mini-emblazon on the LoI was nearly invisible. A letter of correction was not sent until the end of the secondary commentary period. This is pended to allow conflict checking with the emblazon.

This is clear of Huette Aliza von und zu Ährens und Mechthildberg's badge, Chequy purpure, crusilly Or and Or; there is a CD for changes to the field and another for the difference between a patriarchal cross and a cross crosslet.

This was item 12 on the Calontir letter of May 30, 2006.

Mikhail Nikolaevich Kramolnikov. Augmentation. Per saltire Or and vert semy of patriarchal crosses Or, two kraken vert and for augmentation, on an escutcheon pverall purpure a cross of Calatrava Or within a bordure ermine.

This is pended as the mini-emblazon on the LoI was nearly invisible. A letter of correction was not sent until the end of the secondary commentary period. This is pended to allow conflict checking with the emblazon.

This was item 13 on the Calontir letter of May 30, 2006.

Roberto Carlos Dominguez. Badge. (Fieldless) Two wolves salient respectant sustaining argent a pretzel erminois.

Blazoned on the LoI as (Fieldless) Two wolves salient respectant sustaining a pretzel erminois, the wolves are argent, not erminois. This is pended to allow conflict checking with the correct tinctures.

This was item 15 on the Calontir letter of May 30, 2006.

Tristram Cynydd. Device. Or, a winged stag rampant within a bordure azure.

This is pended as the mini-emblazon on the LoI was invisible. A letter of correction was not sent until the end of the secondary commentary period. This is pended to allow conflict checking with the emblazon.

This was item 18 on the Calontir letter of May 30, 2006.

Vasilla Anastasiia Krasnaia. Device change. Argent, a coney salient gules gorged of a coronet Or within a bordure rayonny gules.

This is pended as the mini-emblazon on the LoI was nearly invisible. A letter of correction was not sent until the end of the secondary commentary period. This is pended to allow conflict checking with the emblazon.

Noted on the LoI as a new device, this is actually a device change. If it is registered, her previous device, Per pale sable and argent, a hare rampant counterchanged, is to be retained as a badge.

The submitter is a court baroness, listed in the Calontir Order of Precedence as Vasilla Krasnaia, and thus entitled to display a coronet.

This was item 19 on the Calontir letter of May 30, 2006.

EAST

Brokenbridge, Canton of. Device. Vert semy of bees Or marked sable, on a pale argent in pale a coney rampant and a laurel wreath vert.

Blazoned on the LoI as bees proper, the wings are Or, not argent, thus they are not proper. Changing the tincture of a bee's wings is a CD, as the wings are half the charge when the bee is in its default posture (volant en arriere). Thus this device must be pended for conflict checking under the correct tinctures.

This was item 6 on the East letter of May 22, 2006.

- Explicit -