THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN REGISTERED:

ÆTHELMEARC

Arnþóra Grímarskona. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Calylvorr Ine Skylycorne. Name and device. Per pale argent and sable, two griffins sejant respectant, foreleg raised, counterchanged.

There was some question as to whether or not the griffins were in chief. They are not, though they are somewhat higher than normal as the artist appears to have been trying to fill a tall vertical space with these essentially square charges, which leaves a lot of room in base. Please advise the submitter that the griffins should be more centered on the field.

Duncan von Halstern. Name change from Duncan of Wessex.

This name combines a Scots given name with a German byname; this is one step from period practice.

His old name, Duncan of Wessex, is retained as an alternate name.

Gaston de Barre. Device change. Per pale gules and sable, a tyger rampant within a bordure argent.

His previous device, Quarterly gules and sable, four natural tigers rampant argent marked sable, is released.

Grímarr Bjarnarson. Name and device. Sable, a bear's head caboshed and on a chief Or three fleurs-de-lys vert.

The sable markings on the bear's head are artistic license; however, the submitter should be advised to keep the markings away from the edge of the head, as they tend to blend in with the field.

AN TIR

Adriana the Fierce. Release of badge. (Fieldless) In saltire a stag's attire and a unicorn's horn sable.

'A'isha al-Zahra'. Name and device. Per fess sable and gules, an elephant's head cabossed argent armed between three fleurs-de-lis Or.

Submitted as A'isha al-Zahra, we require that names not originally written in Roman alphabet use a consistent transcription system. The submitter has changed some of the transcriptions of the vowels. The documentation, Juliana de Luna, "Andalusian Names:Arabs in Spain", (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/juliana/andalusia) shows the name elements as 'A'isha and al-Zahra'. We have changed the name to 'A'isha al-Zahra' to match the documentation and make the transcription consistent.

Precedent holds that al-Zahra' is a byname unique to Fatimah, the daughter of the Prophet, Mohammed. However, the article used to document this name shows the byname used by an ordinary person. This shows that the byname is not unique. Therefore, we are overturning the old precedent and declaring this byname registerable.

Anne Mary Quinn. Device. Per bend sinister azure and gules, a swan naiant contourny argent and a sun Or.

Arthur Buchanan. Device. Per fess vert and sable, an eagle between three roses argent.

Eiríkr Hrafnkelsson. Name.

Gemma Meen. Device change. Purpure, on a tower argent a dog rampant purpure and in chief a coronet Or.

The submitter is a viscountess and thus entitled to display a coronet.

Her previous device, Purpure, on a tower argent a dog rampant purpure, is released.

James the Tormentor. Device. Or, two pallets sable surmounted by a cross patonce gules, in chief between the pallets a coronet gules pearled argent.

The LoI failed to note that the cross is gules; however, most commenters noted that they assumed it was gules. Thus this need not be pended for further conflict checking.

The submitter is a court baron and thus entitled to display a coronet.

John de Canon. Name and device. Quarterly Or and argent, a castle azure between three grenades gules.

Ladislaus Dosa. Name.

Submitted as Ladislaus Dozsa, the zs combination is not found in Hungarian until post period. Eastern Crown notes:

As noted in the documentation, 'zs' is post-period in Hungarian spelling; in period, this sound (the 's' of "measure") was most often written as 's'. In fact, Kázmér p. 314 s.n. Dózsa has 22 period instances of Dosa (dated 1446-1599, for example Gregorio Dosa 1453), plus two of Dossa (1568, 1578)...

We have changed the name to Ladislaus Dosa in order to register it.

Matvei Levchenich. Name.

The submitter requested an authentic 13th-14th C Russian name. The byname, Levchenich, is dated to the 16th C in the submitter's documentation, Wickenden, A Dictionary of Period Russian Names. This work gives the date for the earliest example of each name found by the author. Because we have no examples of the byname earlier than the 16th C, we are unable to say whether the name is authentic for the submitter's desired time period.

Mór Bran. Name and device. Per bend sinister argent and vert, a crow sable and an hautbois bendwise sinister argent.

This name mixes a Gaelic given name with a Scots byname; this is one step from period practice.

According to The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 2nd ed., vol. 23, pp.228-236, the usual term for this instrument is shawm or shalmey. The term hautbois or hautboy, while technically correct for any high-pitched woodwind, is in fact usually reserved for a specific family of double-reed instruments. However, Guillim, 1632, p.288, describes the use of howboies in the arms of Bourden. So while shawm might be the best term for this charge, as the hautbois is a period charge as well, we will retain the submitter's term. No difference is granted between a shawm and a hautbois.

Shahid al-Hasan. Name and device. Argent, a chevron azure between three crescents purpure, a bordure engrailed sable.

Wyverfeld, Shire of. Branch name and badge. Checky argent and vert, a wyvern's wing gules.

Submitted as Wyvernfeld, Incipient Shire of, no documentation was provided and none found to suggest that English place names were formed using the pattern wyvern + [location]. Therefore, to register this name, we must search for an element found in English placenames similar in sound and appearance to wyvern. Ekwall, The Oxford Dictionary of English Place-names, s.n. Wiverton, shows Wivreton and Wiuretone in the Domesday Book, and Wyuereton in 1230. He derives this place name from the Old English Wigferþ's tun. Based on this example, Wyverfeld should be an accepted constructed English placename very similar in sound and appearance to the submitters' name, although not one with the meaning desired by the submitter.

We do not track whether a branch is incipient or not in its registered name. We have changed the name to Wyverfeld, _Shire of in order to register it.

ANSTEORRA

Adelaide de Bourbon. Reblazon of device. Argent semy-de-lys vert, an ounce passant guardant sable incensed gules.

Registered January 2002 with the blazon Argent semy-de-lys vert, a panther passant sable incensed gules, the cat lacks the spots of a heraldic panther. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

Áed Vilhiálmsson. Name and device. Quarterly Or and argent, in dexter chief a sun in splendor vert.

This name combines Middle Irish and Old Norse; this is one step from period practice.

The submitter has permission to conflict with Marie-Simone de Barjavel 'la Fildena's badge, (Fieldless) A compass star of sixteen points argent voided vert.

Alesone Lesley. Name and device. Purpure, a cinquefoil ermine, an orle of bees Or.

Alisone McCay. Name.

Alyenora filia Rou. Name.

Brangwyne verch Gryffyd. Name and device. Purpure, a coney salient and on a chief embattled argent three equal-armed Celtic crosses gules.

Bridget Rede of Dunvegan. Name.

Caitilín inghean Fheichín. Name.

Submitted as Caitlín inghean Fheichín, the spelling Caitlín is modern and has been declared unregisterable:

[Caitilín ingen ui Dálaig] Submitted as Caitlín ingen ui Dálaig, no documentation was submitted and none found that the spelling of the given name, Caitlín, was found in period. Barring such documentation, this spelling cannot be registered. We have changed the given name to the documented Early Modern Irish Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form Caitilín in order to register this name. This name combines Middle Irish Gaelic and Early Modern Irish Gaelic in the same name; this is one step from period practice. [Caitilín ingen ui Dálaig, 1/05, An Tir]

We have changed the name to Caitilín inghean Fheichín in order to register it.

Cathal Finn Ó Briain. Name.

This name mixes Middle Irish and Early Modern Irish; this is one step from period practice. Because the submitter did not request an authentic name, we will not change it to a fully Middle Irish or a fully Early Modern Irish form. However, if the submitter is interested in an authentic form, we suggest either the Middle Irish Cathal Finn hua Briain or the Early Modern Irish Cathal Fionn Ó Briain.

Coblaith Mhuimhneach. Name (see RETURNS for device).

This name combines the Old or Middle Irish Coblaith and Early Modern Irish Mhuimhneach; this is one step from period practice. A fully Middle Irish form of this name would be Coblaith Muimnech. The spelling muimnech, the Middle Irish spelling of the byname meaning "the Munster man/woman", is found in Royal Irish Academy, Dictionary of the Irish Language, s.v. muimnech. A fully Early Modern Irish form of this name would be Cobhlaith Mhuimhneach. Cobhlaith is the normalized Early Modern form of this name according to Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in the Irish Annals" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/mari/AnnalsIndex); the spelling Coblaigh is found in the Annals of the Four Masters in an entry for 1395. The same annal has Aodh Mhuimhneach in 1272.

Dónal Ó Dochartaigh. Reblazon of badge. Per chevron sable and azure, a panther rampant reguardant argent pellety incensed between three mullets of four points argent.

Registered July 1981 with the blazon Per chevron sable and azure, a panther rampant argent pellety incensed between three mullets of four points argent, the orientation of the panther's head was omitted.

Elizabeth Blackthorne. Device. Argent, two roses in saltire gules slipped and leaved sable, a chief triangular purpure goutty d'eau.

Floria Black Dragon. Name.

Jean Estelle Marie Bouligny. Reblazon of device. Argent, an ounce rampant contourny sable, incensed gules, between three escallops inverted sable.

Registered April 1992 with the blazon Argent, a panther rampant contourny sable, incensed gules, between three escallops inverted sable, the cat lacks the spots of a heraldic panther. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

Kata Timkin. Name.

Submitted as Kata Tímkin, the spelling of the byname was documented from Unbegaun's Russian Surnames. This author notes, "The stress is marked by the sign ' placed above the vowel. It should be noted that the same sign is used immediately following a consonant to indicate its palatalization." The í character is not noted in the section on transliteration; therefore, the accent indicates the stress in this name. We have changed the name to Kata Timkin to match the transcription system used in Unbegaun.

Lochlan Dunn. Name and device. Argent, a lion rampant within an orle azure.

There was some question whether the spelling Dunn was consistent with period spellings. While we have not found it in this form in Scotland, Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, s.n. Dunn, show le Dunn in 1198.

Classic armory.

Lockwyn mac Aoidh. Name and device. Per pale vert and azure, a bear passant, on a chief argent two equal-armed Celtic crosses azure.

Submitted as Lockwyn macAoidh, the documentation shows a space between mac and Aoidh. We have changed the name to Lockwyn mac_Aoidh to match the documentation.

Lockwyn is the submitter's legal given name.

Magdalia inghean mhic an Ghabhann. Name.

Muirenn inghean Chonaill. Device. Per pale wavy vert and argent, a cinquefoil argent and a raven sable.

Oliva van Meteren. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Olivia van Meteren, the documentation for the given name cites the first known instance of the spelling Olivia as the name of a character in Shakespeare's Twelfth Night. However, this play was not performed until the first decade of the 17th C and not published until 1623. Literary names from the gray area are generally not registerable; the gray area gives the benefit of the doubt that, if a person is found with a name spelling in that time, that it is possible they used it prior to 1600. This logic is not possible for a name found only in literature published after 1600. Barring documentation that a real person was named Olivia prior to the publication of the play Twelfth Night, this spelling is no longer registerable. Talan Gwynek, "Feminine Given Names in A Dictionary of English Surnames," dates Oliva to 1207-8, 1273, and 1379. We have changed the name to Oliva van Meteren in order to register it.

This name mixes English and Dutch; this is one step from period practice.

Peter Makintare. Device. Per fess azure and argent, a stag trippant to sinister proper attired Or between three crosses formy fitchy one and two counterchanged Or and azure.

ARTEMISIA

Amanda Demoraunt. Name and device. Argent, in fess three mullets, a chief azure and a three-peaked mountain vert.

Angelique la Noire. Device. Per fess nebuly purpure and argent, a cherub and three fleurs-de-lys counterchanged.

Bianca Spiriti de Fiorenza. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Bianca Spirito de Fiorenza, Italian grammar requires that Spirito be changed to Spiriti because it is not preceded by a preposition. We have changed the name to Bianca Spiriti de Fiorenza to correct the grammar.

Catylyn verch Ieuan. Name and device. Vert, a fret and on a chief indented argent three roses gules.

Submitted as Catylyn ferch Ieuan, the submitter requested an authentic 13th C Welsh name. Neither the submitter nor the commenters were able to document the given name before the 16th C. Jones, "A Simple Guide to Constructing 13th C Welsh Names", (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/tangwystyl/welsh13.html) says, " Daughter - In this document, Latin filia is the only word found for this, although Welsh verch can be found in documents of a similar period." We have changed the name to Catylyn verch Ieuan to partially comply with the submitter's authenticity request.

This name does not conflict with Caitilin inghean Eoin, registered September 2003. According to the April 2002 Cover Letter, which discusses conflict between different Gaelic and Anglicized Gaelic patronymic particles, if the two particles differ significantly in sound and appearance and the two particles are in different languages, then the two names are clear of conflict. The nature of the relationship only comes into play if the two particles are in the same language and denote relations that are not significantly different. Since verch and inghean are significantly different in sound and appearance and are not in the same language, these names do not conflict.

The LoI failed to note that the chief was indented; however, most of the commenters did note the indentations, therefore this need not be pended for further conflict checking.

Cormac mac Ruadrí. Name and device. Per chevron sable and purpure, a chevron argent between three suns and a three-peaked mountain couped Or.

Nice 12th C Gaelic name!

Cynwrig de Montain. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Cynwrig de Montáin, this name mixes Welsh and Gaelic which is a non-registerable combination. However, Morlet, Dictionnaire Étymologique des Noms de Familie, s.n. Mont, shows the form Montain. We generally give spellings in this work the benefit of the doubt that they are consistent with late period spellings, so the name Cynwrig de Montain is registerable. As this is the smallest possible change in sound and appearance, we have made this change in order to register this name. This name combines Welsh and French; this is one step from period practice.

Gabriel Wayfarer. Name.

Geneviève filia Alierii. Name.

Submitted as Geneviève_Alierius, the byname is Latinized French. No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that Latinized French names were ever used as unmarked patronymics. Because Alierius appears to be a second declension noun, the appropriate patronymic is filia Alierii. We have changed the name to Geneviève filia Alierii in order to register it.

Gomez de Santander. Name and device. Quarterly Or and gules, in saltire a rapier sable and a quill pen argent, a bordure embattled sable.

Please advise the submitter that the primary charges should be drawn larger.

Gruffydd ap Idwallon. Device. Ermine, a keythong rampant contourny reguardant vert.

Magnús Slembidjákn. Device change. Per pale argent and sable, a boar's head erased gules.

Nice armory and a nicely drawn boar's head.

This does not conflict with the Barony of Red Spear's badge for the Order of the Boars Eye, (Fieldless) A boar's head couped close gules sustaining in its mouth a sheaf of five arrows Or barbed and flighted gules, which is reblazoned elsewhere on the LoAR. There is a CD for the field and another for removing the sustained arrows.

His previous device, Gules, a phoenix argent rising from flames proper and in chief a compass rose Or, is retained as a badge.

Mauda McClain. Name and device. Sable, a chevron vert fimbriated and on a chief wavy argent three shamrocks vert.

McClain is the submitter's legal maiden name.

Blazoned on the LoI as Sable, a chevron vert cotised and on a chief argent three shamrocks vert, the chevron is fimbriated not cotised and the chief is wavy. As the majority of the commenters noted this, the device need not be pended for further conflict checking.

ATENVELDT

Æthelflæda Boscher. Name and device. Per fess sable and checky azure and argent, in chief an hourglass fesswise per fess argent and Or framed argent.

This name combines Latinized Old English and Middle English; this is one step from period practice. As the byname is a Middle English occupational term derived from Old French, this combination of name forms is highly unlikely. We would expect a fully Middle English form instead. If the submitter is interested in such a form, we suggest Alfleda Boscher. Selten, Anglo-Saxon Heritage in Middle English Personal Names vol II, p 11, dates Alfleda to 1258.

Áine inghean Chuinn. Name and device. Per pale argent and Or, a mullet purpure charged with a triquetra per pale Or and argent, a chief doubly arched purpure.

Submitted as Áine MacQuinn, the submitter requested an authentic feminine Irish name. For an authentic Irish name, we would expect the name to be in an all Irish Gaelic form. Woulfe, Irish Names and Surnames, s.n. Mac Cuinn, gives Mac Cuinn as an modern Irish Gaelic form of MacQuinn. The Annals of the Four Masters notes a Tuathal mac I Neill .i. mac Airt mic Cuinn and a Conn mac Cuinn in 1531. The expected feminine form of this patronymic is inghean Chuinn; we have changed the name to Áine inghean Chuinn to fulfill her request for authenticity.

Alrick von Baeker. Reblazon of device. Or, a Continental panther passant bendwise azure incensed gules.

Registered July 1974 with the blazon Or, a panther passant bendwise azure, the panther is a Continental panther, not an English panther. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

Anastasia filia Maguch. Name.

Nice 13th C Latinized Hungarian name!

Bjorn Krom Hakenberg. Device. Vert, on a bend sinister cotised argent between a sheaf of tulips slipped and a sheaf of arrows inverted Or, a demi-bear affronty palewise, paws outstretched, sable.

Bronwyn Banadruidh. Reblazon of device. Argent, an ounce sejant erect pean, incensed gules.

Registered January 1980 with the blazon Argent, a panther sejant erect pean, armed and issuing flames from the mouth and ears gules, orbed azure, the cat lack the spots of a heraldic panther. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

Elena Glamorgan. Reblazon of device. Per pale argent and vert, a natural panther and a bear passant respectant counterchanged and on a chief azure three cinquefoils argent.

Registered August 2004 with the blazon Per pale argent and vert, a natural panther passant contourny and a bear passant counterchanged and on a chief azure three cinquefoils argent, there was some question as to whether the primary charges were in pale or in fess. The blazon has been changed to make it clearer that they are in fess, which is the default for two charges on a per pale field.

Gwenllyan verch Wilkin. Name.

Nice 16th C Welsh name!

Ilona von Neunhoff. Device. Gules, a hop vine palewise Or, fructed argent, a bordure compony azure, semy of towers argent, and Or.

Juan Alonso de la Vega. Device. Per bend sinister argent and sable, an anchor and a tankard counterchanged.

The LoI stated:

It seems that in the evolution of anchors, "...Curved arms began to replace straight arms in anchors early in the 19th century...", according to the Encyclopaedia Britannica Online ( http://www.britannica.com/ ), under Anchor. The large amount of curvature of the anchor's arms is a post period innovation. Period anchors had much straighter arms. The client will be informed of this.

While the Encyclopedia Britannica might be correct regarding anchors as used in navies, anchors as used in heraldry frequently had curved arms. See de Bara's Blason des Armoiries (dated 1581), p.64, for a nicely drawn example.

Juan Alonso de la Vega. Badge. (Fieldless) On a tankard argent within and conjoined to an annulet an anchor sable.

Katerina O'Callaghan. Device change. Or, a fox's head contourny erased ducally crowned within a bordure embattled gules.

The submitter is a duchess and thus entitled to display a ducal coronet.

Her previous device, Or, a fox's head contourny erased within a bordure embattled gules, is released.

Katerina O'Callaghan. Augmentation. Or, a fox's head contourny erased ducally crowned within a bordure embattled gules and for augmentation on a canton azure, a sun in his glory issuant from base Or, within a bordure argent.

The submitter is a duchess and thus entitled to display a ducal coronet. She received an augmentation of arms in May 2006.

Leonia le Deye. Name.

Submitted as Leonia_Dey, the submitter requested an authentic name; since the given name is dated to the 13th C and the 13th C le Deye is cited as support for the byname, we assume this is for 13th C English. The earliest example of the spelling dey we were able to find is the 1492 citation found in the Oxford English Dictionary. So, while this spelling is certainly registerable, it is not a form we would expect in the 13th C. All earlier spellings we have found starting with dey- have a terminal -e. Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, s.n. Dey, shows the byname as le Deye in 1277. We have changed the name to Leonia le Deye to meeting the submitter's request for an authentic 13th C name.

Linnett Marie de Ryes. Badge. (Fieldless) An acorn winged Or.

Mathghamhain MacAlpine. Device change. Purpure, between the tips of a vol bendwise sinister argent a ducal coronet bendwise sinister Or, in chief three hearts sable fimbriated argent.

The submitter is a duke and thus entitled to display a ducal coronet.

His previous device, Purpure, a pair of wings conjoined bendwise argent, in chief three hearts in fess sable, fimbriated argent, is released.

ATLANTIA

Atlantia, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Longeley Herald.

The content of the appeal and the commentary thereon demonstrated clearly this place name is not "immediately associated with a single significant location" as per the RfS. The title of Longeley Herald is therefore registerable in the SCA. See the Cover Letter for further discussion.

Bríg ingen Érennaigh and Lucien de la Rochelle. Joint badge. (Fieldless) On a bar fleury at the ends per fess vert and sable, three plumes palewise argent.

Brigid O'Hara. Name.

Christopher Gous. Name change from Gerasimos Skleros and device change. Quarterly azure and sable, a goose rising contourny and a bear rampant and in chief a crescent Or.

His old name, Gerasimos Skleros, is released.

His previous device, Quarterly azure and sable, a bear rampant between in bend a crescent and a goose Or, is released.

Clarice of Caer Gelynniog. Device. Argent, a tower purpure between two apples in fess and an apple in base vert and on a chief purpure three broadarrows argent.

Earnwynn van Zwaluwenburg. Reblazon of device. Per chevron rayonny erminois and sable, in base an ounce rampant Or, incensed proper.

Registered March 1991 with the blazon Per chevron rayonny erminois and sable, in base a panther rampant Or, incensed proper, the cat lacks the spots of a heraldic panther. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

Galfridus de Gaugie. Name.

Ginevra Isabetta del Dolce. Device. Per pale azure and argent, a swan naiant counterchanged.

Gwyn Hir ap Gryffyd. Device. Sable, a wolf's head cabossed argent between in fess two torches enflamed and in base a coronet Or, all within an orle argent.

The submitter is a court baron and thus entitled to display a coronet. Please advise the submitter that making the shafts of the torches longer will aid in their identifiability.

Margaret Cochrane. Name change from Bryn Bobydd.

Her old name, Bryn Bobydd, is released.

Matthew Dredge. Name.

Meadhbh inghean Thaidhg uí Domhnaill. Device. Potent, a flat-bottomed amphora gules within a bordure sable.

Blazoned on the LoI as potenty azure and argent, there is neither a heraldic difference nor a blazonable difference between potent (or potenty argent and azure) and potenty azure and argent.

Seamus McRay. Name and device. Argent, a lion rampant to sinister and on a chief azure three mullets argent.

This name mixes a Scottish Gaelic given name with a Scots byname; this is one step from period practice.

The submitter requested an name authentic to the language/culture of Scotland but accepted only minor changes. Without the ability to change the language of one of the elements, we are unable to make this an authentic Scottish name. For an authentic name, the name should be either a fully Scottish Gaelic form or a fully Scots form. If the submitter is interested in Gaelic, we suggest the Early Modern Irish form Seamus mac Mhic Raith. The Annals of the Four Masters shows the given name Mac Raith in the name Mac Raith Ua Find in a 1361 entry. If the submitter is interested in a Scots form, we suggest James McRay. Krossa, "Early 16th C Scottish Lowland Names", (http://www.medievalscotland.org/scotnames/lowland16/), has James in 1501 and shows this as the most common spelling of this name in the data analyzed for the article.

Sorcha inghean mhic Dhubhghaill. Name.

Talon the Bastard. Device change. Pean, two panthers rampant addorsed Or spotted sable.

Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on panthers. These panthers are facing to dexter and to sinister respectively.

His previous device, Sable, a falcon's leg couped a la quise contourny argent within a bordure compony gules and argent, is released.

Wistric Oftun. Name.

Nice late 11th/early 12th C name!

CAID

Alia la rousse. Name and device. Gules, in pale two tygers passant argent.

As documented, this name is two steps from period practice. First, it mixes Frankish or Old French and Middle French. Second, there is a more than 300 years between the 9th C date for the given name and the 1297 date of the byname. However, the 12th C Roman de Renart (http://home.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/france/tomeI.html) has the name of one of the characters as Renart le rous; this places le rous and therefore the feminine form la rousse in the 12th C, which reduces the temporal gap to under 300 years.

Nice armory.

Amos the Pious. Name.

There was some question whether the adjective pious was found in English prior to the early 17th C. In fact, the Oxford English Dictionary has a citation in 1595 that applies to a person, "1595 R. PARSONS Conf. Next Succession I. iii. 42 He ordained a mynt with a peculier forme of money to be stamped..& other like acts of a prudent and pious Prince", and one in 1450 that applies to an action "c1450 in H. Anstey Epistolae Academicae Oxon. (1898) I. 294 Oure seide Universith..prayth e same Universyth, of piouse intencione to the worshyp of god, and encrese of holy fayth."

Armin Brokynheued. Name.

Colette de Montpellier. Name change from Colette Sarrasin de Montpellier.

Listed on the LoI as Collette de Montpellier, the forms and her currently registered name show the given name as Colette. We have registered this name as the originally submitted Colette de Montpellier.

Her old name, Colette Sarrasin de Montpellier, is released.

Dalla Ormarsdóttir. Name.

Davin Mac Alister of Drake's Height. Device change. Azure, a natural tiger argent marked sable and a dragon combatant within an orle argent.

The submitter has permission to conflict with the device of Chiara Grassi, Azure, in fess two roses slipped and leaved within an orle argent. Please advise the submitter to draw the orle wider.

His previous device, Per chevron azure and Or, two natural tigers couchant addorsed tails entwined argent marked and a bird volant wings displayed sable, is released.

Elisheva bat Yisrael. Name and device. Argent, the Hebrew letter "aleph" within a star of David within and conjoined to an annulet sable.

The submitter requested an authentic Hebrew/Jewish name. While Elisheva is a Biblical name, no documentation was submitted and none found showing its use as a personal name in period. Biblical names are generally registerable, but barring examples of its use as a name in period, we would not recommend it for an authentic name.

Elspeth Colquhoun. Reblazon of device. Purpure, in pale two panthers passant-counter-passant guardant argent spotted of diverse tinctures and incensed proper.

Registered November 2003 with the blazon Purpure, in pale two panthers passant-counter-passant argent spotted of diverse tinctures and incensed proper , the fact that the panthers are guardant needs to be specified.

Etain of Darach. Holding name and device. Sable, an escutcheon vair within a bordure engrailed argent.

Submitted under the name Etain ben O Crowly, that name was returned on the August 2006 LoAR.

Fleurette Kirkpatrick. Name and device. Per pale vert and purpure, a frog between three mullets of six points argent.

The submitter requested a name authentic to the 11th C. However, the given name is a hypothetical construct based on naming patterns documented to the 16th C in the South of France, while the byname is documented to the 12th C in Scotland. The particular name Kirkpatrick, meaning "church of Saint Patrick" is unlikely to be a native French name, nor is there likely be a Norman form found in the 11th C. Given this, we are unable to fulfill the submitter's request for an authentic name without changing both parts of the name to something completely different.

Grainne ingen Lasrach. Alternate name Grace O Kenaith.

Gregor MacDonald. Name.

Gyða galin Kaladóttir. Reblazon of device. Argent goutty de sang, a winged ounce segreant sable incensed and a chief nebuly gules.

Registered June 1997 with the blazon Argent goutty de sang, a winged panther segreant sable incensed and a chief nebuly gules, the monster lacks the spots of a heraldic panther. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

Gyldenholt, Barony of. Badge for the baronial madrigal group. (Fieldless) On a hurst Or a musical note azure.

Blazoned on the LoI as a fusa (an eighth-note), the form of a fusa changed throughout our period. We have simply blazoned this a musical note; the submitters are welcome to use a fusa or any other (period) musical note.

Herculle de Bourbon l'Archambault. Name and device. Or, a fleur-de-lys between two dogs combatant vert.

Leonardo Geminiani. Device. Per pale azure and gules, two lions and a bordure Or.

Lylie Sole. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Matheus Reyner. Device. Quarterly argent and sable, two wings conjoined in lure counterchanged.

Nice armory.

Nastasiia Viktorova zhena Volkova. Name.

Ogan O Crowly. Device. Argent, five crows in saltire and a chief sable.

Classic armory.

Petronel Harlakenden. Name.

Samuel Piper. Name and device. Quarterly vert and Or, four viols counterchanged.

Nice 16th C English name!

Santine Westmerland of Ravenstonedale. Name change from Santin Westmerland of Ravenstonedale.

Her old name, Santin Westmerland of Ravenstonedale, is released.

Stephen Locksley. Reblazon of device. Vert, a Continental panther rampant to sinister argent incensed gules between two pallets engrailed argent.

Registered June 1989 with the blazon Vert, a panther rampant to sinister between two pallets engrailed argent, the panther is a Continental panther, not an English panther. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

Theodosia of the Isles. Name and device. Argent, a bear sejant erect affronty paws outstretched vert between in saltire four lowercase letters "pi" purpure.

Timothy of Calafia. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Azure, in saltire a sword proper and a rose inverted argent barbed, slipped and leaved Or.

Submitted under the name Timothy the Procrastinator.

Trenette Genevieve Thibaudeau. Name change from Charlotte Genevieve Thibaudeau.

Her old name, Charlotte Genevieve Thibaudeau, is released.

Warin Flecher. Name.

CALONTIR

Deotrich Hiltipard. Reblazon of device. Azure, on a pile throughout between two Continental panthers combatant argent, a Latin cross azure.

Registered October 1984 with the blazon Azure, on a pile throughout between two panthers incensed combattant argent, a Latin cross azure, the panthers are Continental panthers, not English panthers. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

Dirik von Rosswald. Reblazon of device. Counter-vairy Or and gules, a Continental panther rampant to sinister sable incensed argent.

Registered May 1990 with the blazon Counter-vairy Or and gules, a panther rampant to sinister sable, the panther is a nicely drawn Continental panther, not an English panther. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

DRACHENWALD

Mikael Rantzow. Name.

William Lyons of Portland. Name and device. Per fess embattled Or and sable, a lion passant guardant and a fleur-de-lys counterchanged.

EALDORMERE

Alexander the Blue. Name (see PENDS for device).

Elaina of Oaklawn. Reblazon of badge. (Fieldless) On an oak leaf argent, an ounce rampant guardant sable incensed gules.

Registered May 2004 with the blazon (Fieldless) On an oak leaf argent, a panther rampant sable incensed gules, the cat lacks the spots of a heraldic panther. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

Gillian of Ravenglass. Name.

Jaqueline de Bucquoy. Name (see RETURNS for device).

The submitter requested a name authentic to Northern France. The spelling de Bucquoy appears in the late 16th C. We have found no examples of Jaqueline in the 16th C, although Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Names from Choisy, France, 1475-1478" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/french/choisy.html) has one example of this spelling. Therefore, this should be a reasonably authentic French name.

Llywelyn ap Gwillym. Name and device. Per chevron rayonny argent and vert, three crows each maintaining a bow in its dexter claw, all within a bordure counterchanged.

Submitted as Llywelyn_Williams, the submitter requested an name authentic for 14th-15th C Wales. Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvyn, "Snapshot of a Cantref: The Names and Naming Practices in a Mawddwy Court Roll of 1415-16", (http://www.heatherrosejones.com/names/welsh/mawddwy1415.html) lists several instances of Llywelyn and Gwillym, and notes that William is an English form. We have changed the name to Llywelyn ap Gwillym_, an authentic 15th C Welsh name, in order to fulfill his request for authenticity.

There was some question whether this name should conflict with Llywelyn ap Gwilym, a Welsh poet who was the uncle and mentor of Dafydd ap Gwilym. While it is clear that Dafydd ap Gwilym is an important Welsh poet in period, and as such, is probably worthy of protection, the direct influence of his uncle as a poet (as opposed to a teacher of a poet) does not appear to be great. Therefore, Llywelyn ap Gwilym is not a protected mundane name.

Please advise the submitter to draw fewer rayons in the line of division.

Mario de Chelse. Name (see RETURNS for device).

This name mixes Italian and English; this is one step from period practice.

Submitted as Mario of Chelsea, the submitter requested a name authentic for the 12th - 15th C, noted that he'd be happy if the parts of the name could be dated to the desired period, and requested minor changes only. While we cannot change the given name to an English name, we can supply a 14th C form of the byname. The form de Chelse appears in Aryanhwy merch Catmael's articles, "Names in the 1319 Subsidy Roll of London" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/english/london1319.html) and "Index of Names in the 1292 Subsidy Roll of London" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/english/london1292.html). We have changed the name to Mario de Chelse to partially comply with his authenticity request.

EAST

Alejandra Lucia del Castillo. Reblazon of device. Or, two ounces combatant guardant incensed and on a point pointed purpure a castle argent.

Registered April 2002 with the blazon Or, two panthers combattant and on a point pointed purpure a castle argent, the cats lack the spots of heraldic panthers. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

Alys Mackyntoich and Brunissende Dragonette de Brocéliande. Joint household name Sisterhood of Saint Walburga (see RETURNS for badge).

Anna la Claire. Name and device. Per bend azure and sable, in bend three decrescents argent.

Brocciardus da Monte. Name.

Originally submitted as Brocciardus da Monte, the name was changed at kingdom to Brocciardus di Monte; kingdom was able to document Monte as a given name but not as a locative. However, the byname da Monte is found in Arval d'Espas Nord and Talan Gwynek, "Fourteenth Century Venetian Personal Names" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/arval/venice14/). Therefore, we have changed the name back to the originally submitted form.

Brunissende Dragonette de Brocéliande. Alternate name Chrestienne la pescheresse.

Clement von Eicke. Name change from James of Falworth and device change. Argent, a chevron engrailed between three ravens sable.

His old name, James of Falworth, is released.

Nice armory.

His previous device, Per chevron Or, mulletty of six points azure, and sable, in base a sea lion erect Or, all within a bordure engrailed counterchanged sable and Or, is released.

Cristina D'Este. Name.

There was some question whether the surname D'Este was registerable. By precedent, it is:

The name was submitted as Gisela Hohenstaufen von Salzburg. Brigantia argued that the name Hohenstaufen, though the name of a dynasty forbidden for use in the Society since at least 1982, was analagous to the names "Stuart" and "d'Este" which had since been allowed. However, the analogy is not close: both of the cited names which have been permitted have been documented in clearly non-dynastic contexts. [Gisela von Salzburg, 6/89, A-East]

Cristoforo da Fubine. Name.

Elysabeth Underhill. Name.

Nice 16th C English name!

Erec le Clair. Name and device. Per saltire sable and vert, in pale an increscent argent and a sun in splendor Or.

Francesco Gaetano Greco d'Edessa. Reblazon of badge. Per fess enarched gules and vert, a San Damiano crucifix argent charged with a figure of Christ sable.

Registered in September 2004 with the blazon Per fess enarched gules and vert, a San Domingo crucifix argent charged with a figure of Christ sable, there does not seem to be such a thing as a San Domingo crucifix. This badge was submitted several times before it was finally registered. When it was first submitted, it was indeed documented and blazoned as a San Damiano crucifix. Somehow, in the succeeding re-submissions, Damiano became Domingo. We have corrected the blazon to accurately reflect the type of crucifix.

Griffyn Cleisiog ap Madoc. Badge. (Fieldless) Three sharks naiant conjoined in annulo azure.

Hobbe Yonge. Device. Purpure, a crow and on a chief raguly Or three gouttes de larmes.

Isabel Paulo. Name and device. Per chevron sable and vert, three increscents argent and a wheel Or.

Johanna de Glastingburi. Name.

There was some question whether the spelling Glastingburi was a Middle English form as well as a Latin form of an Old English form. The Middle English life of Saint Dunstan in the Laud 108 MS (which dates to the 12th C) uses this spelling; this legend is found in The Early South-English Legendary, or Lives of Saints. It is also found in Le Livere de Reis de Brittanie: E, Le Livere de Reis de Engleterre, an Anglo-Norman chronicle apparently written in the 13th C. This name should be a fine Latin form of a Middle English name.

Lothar von Schwarzwald. Reblazon of device. Or, a Continental panther rampant sable, incensed proper, in chief three pine trees eradicated sable.

Registered October 1988 with the blazon Or, a panther rampant sable, incensed proper, in chief three pine trees eradicated sable, the panther is a Continental panther, not an English panther. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

Marion del Okes. Badge. (Fieldless) A cup Or charged with in fess three oak leaves bendwise sinister vert.

Pascual de la Mar. Badge. Argent goutty de sang, a hand in benediction between two pallets sable.

Sabine de Kerbriant. Device. Azure, on a chief indented Or three pommes.

This device is clear of the device of Myfanwy of Oakwell, Gyronny argent and azure, on a chief wavy Or three fountains. The device is not field-primary armory; the presence of the tertiary charges makes this ineligible for RfS X.4.a.ii.(a). However, this clause is not needed: there is a CD for changes to the field and another for the difference between indented and wavy.

Syele von Heidelberg. Name and device. Azure, a garb and on a chief argent, a griffin passant gules.

Symonne Lentaigne. Name and device. Azure, a spiral hunting horn and a chief embattled argent.

The submitter requested an authentic 15th C French name. The byname was documented from Morlet, Dictionnaire Étymologique des Noms de Famille, which provides no dates for any of the variant spellings of this name. While we generally accept spellings in this work as consistent with late period forms, we have no examples of this name dated to the 15th C. Therefore, we are unable to fulfill the submitter's authenticity request.

Vincetta de Jarvain. Reblazon of device. Per bend argent and azure, a natural panther's head couped sable and a wolf's head couped argent.

Registered January 1983 with the blazon Per bend argent and azure, a panther's head couped sable and a wolf's head couped argent, the panther's head is neither spotted nor incensed; therefore it is a natural panther's head. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

GLEANN ABHANN

James in le Breres. Name.

Nice 13th C English name!

Jehanne Darc de la Coste. Device. Per pale rayonny ermine and azure, an acorn bendwise sinister proper and a fleur-de-lys argent.

Lyneya de Aston. Name change from holding name Lyneyea of Seleone.

Quintus Julius Bellator. Name.

Submitted as Quintus Julius Bellatoris, the cognomen is attested only in the form Bellator. The article "Roman Britain in 1980", by F. O. Grew; M. W. C. Hassall; R. S. O. Tomlin Britannia © 1981 notes the inscriptions Flavius Bellator and Julius Bellator. We have changed the name to Quintus Julius Bellator to match the documentation.

LAUREL

Styria. Reblazon of device. Vert, a Continental panther rampant argent incensed proper.

Protected in December 1994 under the blazon Vert, a panther rampant argent incensed proper, the panther is a Continental panther, not an English panther. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

MERIDIES

Antonio Alexandre Dias de Navarra. Badge. (Fieldless) A peacock feather argent.

This badge is clear of the device of Hrefna karlsefni, Per pale Or ermined purpure and purpure, a feather argent. Laurel has ruled:

Antoine de Breton. Device reblazon. Quarterly gules and purpure, a feather bendwise Or.

The previous blazon, Quarterly gules and purpure, a peacock feather bendwise Or, did not accurately describe the type of feather. Precedent makes it clear that we distinguish between peacock feathers and regular feathers, to the point of having given difference between them, "[A default azure feather vs. a proper peacock plume] "There is one CVD...for the change in type of feather. The peacock plume...is quite distinct in shape, with a prominent 'eye'" (LoAR December 1990 p. 11). The feather in this submission is a normally shaped feather. [12/2003, A-Atenveldt]

The feather in Antonio's badge has the distinctive shape and the eye of a peacock's feather, thus there is a CD for changing the type of feather. There is another CD for fieldlessness; therefore Antonio's badge is clear of Hrefna's device.

Ásta Jorundardottir. Device change. Per bend sinister argent and azure, a tailless cat sejant guardant right forepaw raised and a fleece countercharged.

Both the submitted form and the LoI listed this as a new device; however, she already has a device registered. Her previous device, Azure, three piles in point argent each charged in chief with a key palewise wards to base azure, is released.

Carolyn of An Dun Theine. Reblazon of device. Per fess Or and vert, a natural panther rampant sable breathing flames gules and a bordure counterchanged.

Registered October 2004 with the blazon Per fess Or and vert, a Continental panther sable incensed gules and a bordure counterchanged, the monster does not appear to be a Continental panther: it has a feline head, with no horns or beak. Neither does it have the spots of the English heraldic panther. Allowing for artistic license, this appears to be a natural panther. There is no default posture for a panther, whether heraldic or natural. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

Cinan of Forth Castle. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Azure, in fess a sword proper between two lions combatant, on a chief Or three Maltese crosses azure.

Please advise the submitter that the primary charges should be drawn larger.

Submitted under the name Cynan of Tarsus.

Conall mac Rúadáin. Name.

This name was originally submitted as Conall mac Rúadán and changed at kingdom to Conall mac Rúadáin to put the patronymic in genitive case as required by Gaelic grammar.

Submissions heralds: I know I'm starting to sound like a broken record, but, if you make changes at kingdom, no matter how small or how necessary they may be, you must be explicit about it on the LoI. This allows the commenters to do their job properly by giving them full information about a submission. If you make a minor change, and another change is required, this second change could be more than a submitter will accept. Without knowing that you made a change at kingdom, neither the commenters nor the sovereigns of arms can properly evaluate how far a name can and should be changed.

Fionnghuala inghean Domhnaill. Name.

Francesca de Foggia. Device. Per saltire azure and argent, four fleurs-de-lys counterchanged argent and gules.

François of Thor's Mountain. Reblazon of device. Per pall inverted gules, sable, and argent, two Celtic crosses argent and in base a Continental panther passant guardant sable enflamed proper.

Registered January 1997 with the blazon Per pall inverted gules, sable, and argent, two Celtic crosses argent and in base a panther passant sable enflamed proper, the panther is a Continental panther, not an English panther. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

Katerina von Brandenberg. Name and device. Per pale purpure and argent, two pantheons combatant mullety of six of points all counterchanged.

Malachy Thorrson. Name and device. Per pale gules and sable, on a fess argent three Maltese crosses sable.

There was some question whether the spelling Malachy was found in English names. While we have no examples, Wycliffe's 14th C translation of the Bible gives the spelling Malachi, and the same spelling is found in John Lydgate's 15th C work The assembly of gods: or, The accord of reason and sensuality in the fear of death. The i -> y switch is well documented in Middle English spellings. Therefore, Malachy is registerable as a Middle English form of a Biblical name.

Nice armory.

MIDDLE

Alarick Gerard von Goldenlöwen. Reblazon of device. Azure, a lion Or and a lioness argent rampant addorsed, tails entwined, and in chief a sun Or.

Registered November 1981 with the blazon Azure, a lion and a panther rampant addorsed Or and argent and in chief a sun Or, the cat lacks the spots and flames of a heraldic panther. It has a lion's tail; as the dexter cat is pizzled and the sinister one is not, we have reblazoned it as a lioness. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

Anastasia von der Wilgenhalle. Badge (see RETURNS for device change). (Fieldless) A trillium inverted sable.

Bernhart Sturmere. Name.

Submitted as Bernhart Sturmære, the submitter requested an authentic German name. The documentation, Talan Gwynek, "Some Early Middle High German Bynames with Emphasis on Names from the Bavarian Dialect Area" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/talan/Early_German_Bynames.html) shows the submitted spelling of the byname as a normalized Middle High German form. The actual form recorded from the 12th C is Sturmere. We have changed the name to Bernhart Sturmere to fulfill his request for authenticity.

Corin du Soleil. Reblazon of device. Sable, on a sun gules fimbriated a catamount's head erased contourny Or.

Registered August 1979 with the blazon Sable, a sun gules fimbriated Or, surmounted by a panther's head erased reversed Or, the cat's head is a tertiary charge not an overall charge. As it has no spots, it is not a natural panther. When registering this device Laurel noted "'Catamount' in heraldry generally means the Scottish wild cat, which resembles a large alley cat. Yours seems to be a cougar-like animal, from the large size of the jaws." As catamount is a valid blazon for this type of cat, we have chosen to use that term rather than natural panther. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

Deenys Fitz Alan. Device change. Erminois, a wolf rampant reguardant gules, on a base embattled sable a cinquefoil argent pierced Or.

His previous device, Erminois, three wolves rampant reguardant gules, is released.

Elsbeth Wilhelm Trostlerin. Name.

Submitted as Elsebeth Wilhelm Trostlerin, the submitter requested a name authentic for 13-15th C Germany/Bavaria. The spelling of the given name was documented from Talan Gwynek, "15th-Century German Women's Names"; this document shows names from Hessen instead of Bavaria. Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "German Names from Nürenburg, 1497" shows the forms Elsbeth and Elßbeth. In addition, "Regesten Almosenamt" (http://bhgw20.kfunigraz.ac.at), a collection of deed transfers from Regensburg between 1299 and 1400 shows Elspet. As both Nürenburg and Regensburg are Bavarian cities, this strongly suggests that the given name is typically found with only two syllables in Bavaria instead of the three syllables of the submitted form. We have changed the name to Elsbeth Wilhelm Trostlerin to fulfill her request for an authentic Bavarian name.

Morgain Rohais Kenedor. Reblazon of device. Sable, a lion Or and a lioness argent rampant addorsed, tails entwined, and in chief a plate between two mullets of eight points argent.

Registered November 1981 with the blazon Sable, a lion and a panther rampant addorsed Or and argent, in chief a plate between two mullets of eight points argent, the cat lacks the spots and flames of a heraldic panther. It has a lion's tail; as the dexter cat is pizzled and the sinister one is not, we have reblazoned it as a lioness. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

Red Spears, Barony of. Reblazon of badge for the Order of the Boars Eye. (Fieldless) A boar's head couped close gules sustaining in its mouth a sheaf of five arrows Or barbed and flighted gules.

Registered in September 1995 with the blazon (Fieldless) A boar's head couped close gules holding in its mouth a sheaf of five arrows Or barbed and flighted gules, that blazon was ambiguous as the size of the arrows was not clearly described - they are sustained.

Robert de Tyr. Reblazon of badge. (Fieldless) A cross formy gules surmounted by an ounce passant guardant pean, incensed proper, maintaining a mace sable.

Registered June 1992 with the blazon (Fieldless) A cross formy gules surmounted by a panther passant pean, incensed proper, brandishing a mace sable, the cat lacks the spots of a heraldic panther; and the fact that the beast is guardant must be specified. In addition, the term brandishing is ambiguous; the blazon has been changed to indicate that the mace is a maintained charge.

Sharra de la Pradería Blanca. Reblazon of device. Per pale argent and azure, two natural panthers combatant, tails nowed, counterchanged, each gorged of a crown embattled Or, maintaining between them a rose gules, barbed, seeded, slipped and leaved proper.

Registered December 1982 with the blazon Per pale argent and azure, two panthers combattant, tails nowed, counterchanged, each gorged of a crown embattled Or, overall a rose gules, barbed, seeded, slipped and leaved proper, the cats lack the spots of heraldic panthers. The rose is a maintained charge, not an overall charge. The blazon has been changed to reflect the emblazon. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

Stiamhna Ó Miadhaigh. Household name Uí Miadhaigh.

This item was pended on the April 2006 LoAR.

Submitted as House Ó Miadhaigh, the submitter requested an authentic Irish Gaelic household name. Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, in her class handout "Constructing SCA Household Names Using Irish Gaelic Family and Clan Name Models", has documented several models:

-	Uí [ancestor's given name in genitive case] -- "grandsons/descendents [of ancestor's given name]"

-	Clann [ancestor's given name in genitive case] -- "children/descendents [of ancestor's given name]"

-	Muintear [ancestor's given name in genitive case] -- "family/people [of ancestor's given name]"

She has also found examples names using the designators Clann or Muintear combined with surnames of the forms mac + [given name] and Ó + [given name], but these have generally proven to be references to chiefly titles when found in Irish contexts. This tends to skirt presumptuousness, so we would not recommend names of this form. As the submitter cares most about the sound of the household name, we have changed it to _Uí Miadhaigh in order to fulfill his request for authenticity. In this name formation, the word Uí, which is the nominative plural of Ó or Ua, and means "grandsons/descendents", functions as a designator.

Tuania Catsclaw. Reblazon of badge. Argent goutty de sang, a natural panther passant guardant contourny sable.

Registered August 1979 with the blazon Argent, goutty de sang, a panther couchant to sinister guardant sable, armed gules, orbed vert, the panther is a natural panther, not a heraldic one. The cat is not couchant; its belly does not touch the "floor". We no longer specify details such as the tincture of the claws and eyes. The blazon has been changed to reflect the emblazon. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

NORTHSHIELD

Aregunda de Aria. Device. Argent, a wolf's head erased sable and on a chief azure three crescents Or.

Calisto Zerbo. Name.

Nice 15th C Italian name!

Eva die Lange. Name.

Evelyn Westbrook. Device. Azure, a chevron dovetailed between two roses slipped and leaved and a turtle statant argent.

This device is clear of the device of Aelesia Emelyne Couchur, Azure, a chevron embattled argent. There is a CD for adding the secondary charges. There is no difference between embattled and dovetailed when considered alone; however, a chevron embattled is embattled on the upper edge only while a chevron dovetailed is dovetailed on both the upper and lower edges. Thus there is another CD for changes to the line of division of the chevron.

Garrett Cromwell. Name and device. Argent, a chevron between three crescents and on a chief azure three griffins argent.

The submitter requested a name authentic for 15th C England, but there was some question whether the spelling Garrett was found before the late 16th C. Medieval records of a London city church : churchwardens' accounts and memoranda, published for the Early English text society by K. Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., 1904-1905, records the name Richard Garrett in 1497-8. Bardsley, A Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames, s.n. Garrard, has a Garrett Jonson listed in the household expenses of Princess Elizabeth. While we don't have an exact date for this name, it would have to be prior to the time Elizabeth ascended the throne of England in 1558. The 15th C surname spelling combined with the given name spelling in the first half of the 16th C makes it likely that this spelling is also plausible for the given name in the late 15th C.

Hroswitha von Lippe. Name.

James of Penrose. Name and device. Per chevron argent and azure, two Latin crosses and a lion rampant counterchanged.

Karl von Thun. Name.

Kori Redjohan. Name and device. Argent, two chevronels sable between a martlet contourny and an axe azure hafted sable.

This name combines Old Norse and Middle English; this is one step from period practice.

Kristin Leifsdottir. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Nordskogen, Barony of. Badge. (Fieldless) A gauntlet aversant azure, charged with three snowflakes in pale argent.

The use of snowflakes is grandfathered to the barony.

Northshield, Kingdom of. Order name Order of Brigits Flame.

Submitted as Order of Brigit's Flame, the apostrophe was not used in genitive forms in English until after period. The Oxford English Dictionary says its use was "not yet established in 1725." We have changed the name to Order of Brigits Flame in order to register it.

There was some question whether this name mixed English and Gaelic. The spelling Brigit is dated to 1568, 1569, and 1583 in Brooke, J. M. S., and Hallen, A. W. C., The Transcript of the Registers of the United Parishes of S. Mary Woolnoth and S. Mary Woolchurch Haw, in the City of London, from their Commencement 1538 to 1760 according to the Academy of Saint Gabriel letter 1608 (http://www.s-gabriel.org/1608). Therefore, all parts of this name are in English.

Petur Eylward. Name change from Ysfael ap Briafael and device change. Per pale sable and argent, a lion rampant counterchanged and a chief vert.

His old name, Ysfael ap Briafael, is released.

His previous device, Per bend bendy vert and argent and vert, is released.

Randall Clark. Device. Per chevron indented Or and azure all mullety of four points counterchanged, in base a sea-dragon erect wings displayed and tail nowed argent.

The emblazon shows the indents at right angles, so that the line of division looks like a staircase. Several commenters suggested that this should be returned, as the indents should be acute angles, not right angles. This is a valid depiction of an indented line of division, though we recommend the submitter use fewer and deeper indents.

Please advise the submitter to draw the flukes of the fish tail a bit more prominently. Currently they are barely visible enough to warrant calling this a sea-dragon.

Reinholdt von Trollenhagen. Badge. (Fieldless) A saltorel of chain Or.

Reinholdt von Trollenhagen. Badge. Per pale Or and azure, a chevron and a chief counterchanged.

Sarah the Foole. Name (see RETURNS for device).

There was some question whether the name the Foole had the submitter's desired meaning of "a jester." The Oxford English Dictionary gives examples of this word with the sense of "One who professionally counterfeits folly for the entertainment of others, a jester, clown." dating from 1370 "Robert Cicyle in Nugæ Poet. (1844) 54 Lyke a fole and a fole to bee, Thy babulle schalle be thy dygnyte!" (OED s.v. Fool). Therefore, it is an appropriate byname with the submitter's intended meaning.

Slaine inghean Sheamuis. Name.

Listed on the LoI as Slaine inghean Seamuis, the form showed the spelling Slaine inghean Sheamuis. Since the spelling on the form is correct, we have changed the name to this spelling.

Nice Early Modern Irish name!

Tighearnán an Fhiona. Name.

The submitter originally requested a name authentic to 12th C Irish. We have found no examples of this byname before the late 14th C. Therefore, we are unable to assure that name is authentic for the desired time period. It is, however, a very nice 14th C Irish name.

The name was changed from Tigernach an Fhiona at kingdom after consultation with the submitter, because the submitted name combined Middle Irish with Early Modern Irish, and there was a more than 300 year gap between the dates found for the given name and the byname. Rowel has provided a citation for the given name from 1172 in the Annals of Ulster:

U1172.3 "Tigernach h-Ua Mael Eoin, comarba Ciarain Cluana Mac Nois, quieuit in Christo."

U1172.3 "Tigernach Ua Mael-Eoin, successor of Ciaran (of Cluain-mac-Nois), rested in peace."

This means the originally submitted name was registerable but not authentic for the submitter's desired time period.

Toussaint de Caluwe. Name.

OUTLANDS

Aicelina de Navarra. Name.

Alianora de la Forest. Device. Azure, a nude demi-maiden with arms outstretched argent crined and issuant from a base wavy Or.

This is a resubmission. The December 2005 return stated:

This device is returned for redraw. While Caucasian proper is defined as light pink/white, this demi-maiden is colored a dark pink approaching gules and must therefore be considered to be color-on-color. On resubmission, please advise the submitter to use either white or a light pink for the demi-maiden - and to also draw the waves deeper.

While the tincture of the demi-maiden has been corrected, the depth of the waves has not been changed. Normally this would be returned for not addressing all of the issues raised in the previous return. However, Black Stag has provided period examples of armorial art in period heraldic treatises (L'héritage Symbolique des Hérauts d'Armes: Dictionnaire Encyclopédique de l'Enseignement du Blason Ancien (XIVe-XVIe siècle)) whose wavy lines of division are much shallower than the SCA standard. While a bolder wavy line is preferable, as it aids in identification, given Black Stag's examples - and the fact that the submitter has met us halfway - we're willing to register this as it stands. We still advise the submitter to draw her waves deeper

Angus Reid MacFarlane. Device. Sable, on a bend argent between two harps Or, a rapier inverted sable.

Annaka Vadas. Device. Or, a pile inverted sable between two horses salient respectant gules.

Caer Galen, Barony of. Order name Order of the Golden Nightingale (see RETURNS for other order names).

Caer Galen, Barony of. Order name Order of the Monkey.

Einarr Skallagrímsson. Device. Gyronny arrondi of six sable and argent, a triskelion of dragon's heads Or between six roundels in annulo counterchanged.

Fontaine dans Sable, Barony of. Order name Order of the Selchie.

There was some question whether the heraldic charge described by this order name was meant to be a type of monster. We believe it is not; the group documented this as a word from the late 16th/early 17th C used for the animal we call a seal.

Hawk's Hollow, Canton of. Badge for the populace. Or, on a pile issuant from dexter gules, a hawk stooping, wings addorsed, Or.

Margaida da Gama. Badge. (Fieldless) In pale a duck naiant conjoined to a bar wavy couped argent.

Please advise the submitter that the waves on the bar should be drawn deeper.

Tryffin mac Ualraig. Badge. Per fess with a right step gules and sable, in pale two bezants.

SIREN

Jerusalem Herald. Release of heraldic title.

Joieux Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Joye Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Joyeux Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Laweyn Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Leon d'Or Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Lindsay Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Lisle Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

While this title conflicts with Islay Herald or Isle Pursuivant, it is not, in fact, a variant form of this title. As it does not fall into any of the categories defined for continued protection of heraldic titles, the fact that it conflicts with protected titles is not sufficient reason to continue its protection.

Longchamp Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Loveyn Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Lub-den Frumen Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Maine Herald. Release of heraldic title.

Mala Corona Herald. Release of heraldic title.

Marenceux Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Marleon-oe-Aye Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Merlyne Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Monceux Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Montacu Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

Montagu Herald. Release of heraldic title.

TRIMARIS

Brendan Ackbourne. Device. Per bend sinister argent and azure, three acorns proper and two smith's tongs in cross handles interlaced argent.

Chrestienne d'Arles. Name.

Jehannette de Lille. Name.

Nice 15th C French name!

Marcaster, Barony of. Branch name redesignation from Marcaster, Shire of (see RETURNS for order names and badge associations).

Marcaster, Barony of. Device. Azure, a castle within a laurel wreath Or, a tierce wavy paly wavy azure and argent.

This was pended on the May 2006 LoAR as the group was a shire and already had four pieces of armory registered. The shire has been elevated to a barony and may thus now register a fifth piece of armory.

Marcaster, Barony of. Order name Order of the Golden Standard and badge association. Azure, issuant from the battlements of a demi-tower a banner Or, a tierce wavy paly wavy argent and azure.

This badge was registered to the barony in February 2006.

Marsle of Dunbarton. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Mittainne von Wald. Name (see PENDS for device).

This name mixes French and German; this is one step from period practice.

Riversmor, Shire of. Device. Per fess gules and azure, on a mullet Or a laurel wreath vert, a bordure Or.

Simon le Mor. Name change from holding name Simon of Oldenfeld.

Nice 13th C English name!

Toirdhealbhach an Cat Dubh. Device. Per pale argent and sable, two natural panthers rampant addorsed tails nowed and crossed, in base a county coronet, all within an orle of chain counterchanged.

The submitter is a count and thus entitled to display a county coronet. He is also a member of the Order of Chivalry and thus entitled to display an orle of chain.

Trimaris, Kingdom of. Badge association with order name Order of the Watchful Flame of Trimaris (see RETURNS for heraldic title). Argent, eight flames in annulo bases to center azure.

The badge was registered to the kingdom in August 2004; the order name was registered to the kingdom in July 1993.

Trimaris, Kingdom of. Badge association with order name Order of the Golden Lance of Trimaris. Azure semy of triskeles argent, a lance Or.

This badge was registered to the kingdom in October 2005; the order name was registered to the kingdom in February 2006.

Trimaris, Kingdom of. Badge association with guild name Scribes Guild of Trimaris. Azure, two quill pens bases crossed in saltire, in chief a triskele, all within a bordure argent.

Scribes Guild of Trimaris is a generic identifier. This badge was registered to the kingdom in June 2004.

Trimaris, Kingdom of. Badge association with order name Order of the Heralds' Tressure of Trimaris. (Fieldless) A maunch azure semy of triskeles argent.

The order name was registered to the kingdom in July 1993; the badge was registered to the kingdom in July 2004.

Trimaris, Kingdom of. Order name Order of the Cross of Saint Joan and badge. Azure, on a cross fleury between four fleurs-de-lys bases to center argent a triskele azure all within a bordure argent.

WEST

Adrian Freyser. Name and device. Or, a dragon's head couped vert, detailed gules, and on a chief azure a crescent Or.

Aurora Komnene. Name.

We note that, while it probably existed earlier, we have no examples of the family name Komnenos before the 10th C. The documentation for Aurora states that it is found in Roman Christian inscriptions, which would place it in the 5th or 6th C at the latest. Therefore, this name is likely to be a step from period practice for temporal incompatibility.

Caillech Dhé Silvertongue. Name and device. Argent, a triquetra inverted vert interlaced with an annulet azure.

Submitted as Caillech_Silvertongue, no documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that the name element Caillech was ever found as a stand-alone feminine name; instead all examples we have of this element are as part of a compound name. Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names from Irish Annals" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/mari/AnnalsIndex), shows the normalized Early Modern Irish form Caillech Dhé in 1211, and the normalized Middle Irish forms Caillech Domnaill in 1163 and Caillech Finnen in 1042. We have changed the name to Caillech Dhé Silvertongue in order to register it.

Rowel notes:

Similar to the masculine given name constructions Maél [X] 'devotee of [X]' and Gilla [X] 'servant of [X]', this construction is used for feminine given names and has the meaning 'nun/veiled one of [X]'. Caillech Dhé means 'nun/veiled one of God'. Caillech Domnaill means 'nun/veiled one of Domnall' (probably referring to someone viewed as a saint). Caillech Finnen means 'nun/veiled one of Finnen' (probably referring to a saint).

The submitter requested a name authentic for Irish language/culture. However, no documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that silvertongue is consistent with patterns found in Irish descriptive bynames. The examples we have of such bynames suggest that they are simple descriptives rather than poetic constructs. If the submitter is interested in an attested Irish bynames, we recommend that she examine the lists in Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names from Irish Annals."

Chabi Ünegen. Device. Gules, two foxes sejant respectant guardant, the dexter fox argent and the sinister Or.

Eibhlín inghean Éanna. Name and device. Per pale argent and azure, a triquetra inverted and in chief three roundels counterchanged.

Submitted as Éibhleann inghean Éanna, the source from which the given name is documented, Ó Corrain and Maguire, Irish Names, s.n. Ebliu, says that the name is "believed by O Rahilly to be another name for the Old Irish sun-goddess. In Irish legend, Ébliu is a supernatural lady who gave her name to the mountains to the south of Nenagh." The documentation gives no indication that the name was ever used by humans, nor did the commenters find evidence of this. Barring such documentation, the name Ébliu and its later form Éibhleann is not registerable. We have changed given name to one similar in sound and appearance, Eibhlín, which Ó Corrain and Maguire, s.n. Eibhlín, say is a Gaelic form of the name Eveline which was brought to Ireland by the Normans.

Elana of Coran. Reblazon of device. Per fess dovetailed gules and argent, a winged natural panther passant and two cat's pawprints fesswise contourny, one and two, counterchanged.

Registered July 1981 with the blazon Per fess dovetailed gules and argent, a winged panther passant and two cat's pawprints fesswise to sinister, one and two, counterchanged, the panther is a natural panther (well, if you discount the wings), not a heraldic one. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

Felix MacGowan of Darkmoor. Reblazon of device. Sable, on a pale gules fimbriated Or between two ounces combatant breathing flame, a sword argent.

Registered January 1991 with the blazon Sable, on a pale gules fimbriated Or between two panthers combattant, a sword argent, the cats lack the spots of heraldic panthers. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

Mærwynn of Croft. Name.

Mikhail of the West. Reblazon of device. Argent, an ounce statant sable incensed gules, in chief three mullets of eight points sable.

Registered September 2004 with the blazon Argent, a panther statant sable incensed gules, in chief three mullets of eight points sable, the cat lacks the spots of a heraldic panther. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the difference between English, Continental, and natural panthers.

Milisandia Vachan. Name.

Rhiannon verch Madyn. Name change from holding name Rhiannon of Betony Wood.

Rhiannon is an SCA-compatible Welsh name.

Sarkanyi Gero. Reblazon of badge. (Fieldless) A sinister dragon's wing gules, edged and ribbed Or, issuant from a torse wreathed Or and azure.

Registered in January 1973 with the blazon (Fieldless) On a wreath Or and azure, a sinister dragon's wing erect gules, edged and ribbed Or, that blazon did not adequately describe the emblazon. The dragon's wing is the primary charge, not a tertiary charge.

Sarkanyi Gero. Reblazon of badge. (Fieldless) A dexter seraph's wing gules, covered Or, lined vert, edged azure, and a sinister dragon's wing gules, edged and ribbed Or, both issuant from a torse wreathed Or and azure.

Registered in January 1973 with the blazon (Fieldless) On a wreath Or and azure, a dexter seraph's wing displayed gules, covered Or, lined vert, edged azure and a sinister dragon's wing displayed gules, ribbed and boned Or, that blazon did not adequately describe the emblazon. The wings are the primary charges, not tertiary charges. The seraph's wing is primarily gules.

Titus Scipio Germanicus. Device change. Per chevron throughout purpure and sable, a chevron throughout Or and in base a wolf's head cabossed argent.

His previous device, Per chevron purpure and sable, a chevron throughout Or and in base a wolf's head erased contourny argent, is released.

Vettoria Giovanna Cristina de Monte. Name.

The use of three given names in an Italian names is a step from period practice.

Victoria of Lynwood. Device. Per pale embattled argent and azure, an sprig of ash inverted vert and a compass star argent.

Walter of Canale. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Sable, a dragon's head couped contourny and a gore sinister Or.

Submitted under the name Walterus Ignotus.

Wolfram von Creuzburg. Name.

Submitted as Wolfram von Kreuzberg, the documentation shows the placename spelled Creuzburg. We have changed the name to Wolfram von Creuzburg to match the documentation.

- Explicit littera accipendorum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN RETURNED FOR FURTHER WORK:

ÆTHELMEARC

Andreas Jäger. Name and device. Argent, a bear sejant erect sable and on a chief rayonny enarched gules a lightning bolt argent.

This name conflicts with Enderlin Jäger, registered September 2006. According to Bahlow/Gentry, German Names, s.n. Ender, Enderlin is a diminutive of Andreas or Endres. RfS V.1.a says "Irrespective of differences in sound and appearance, a given name is not significantly different from any of its diminutives when they are used as given names."

Since the submitter will not allow the formation of a holding name, the device must also be returned.

Arnþóra Grímarskona. Device. Sable, a bear rampant contourny and on a chief invected argent, three bear's pawprints purpure.

This device is returned as the mini-emblazon on the LoI does not match the full size emblazon. The chief on the full size emblazon is invected; on the mini-emblazon it is engrailed. It was also blazoned as engrailed on the LoI.

The use of pawprints is a step from period practice.

AN TIR

James Wolfden. Name.

This name conflicts with James von den Wolfen, registered February 1986. Wolfden and Wolfen are nearly identical in sound and appearance, and the preposition/article do not count for difference. We would change this name to James Wolfenden, but Lion's Blood indicated that the submitter specifically did not want the name Wolfenden. The name James Wolfden would be registerable if the submitter had a letter of permission to conflict from James von den Wolfen.

ANSTEORRA

Coblaith Mhuimhneach. Device. Azure fretty Or, a hazelnut base to chief Or.

This device is returned under RfS VII.7.a for lack of identifiability of the hazelnut. Inverting the hazelnut fatally hinders its identifiability. On resubmission, please be aware that a hazelnut is likely to conflict with a lily and other flowers.

This device is clear of the device of Gwynfor Lwyd, Azure, in chief in fess three frets couped Or. There is a CD for adding the overall charge. The question is whether or not there is a CD between fretty and three frets couped. We have long treated a single fret (throughout by default) as being equivalent to fretty. However, a fret couped is not treated the same as a fret throughout. Laurel has previously ruled:

[Gules, in dexter chief a fret couped argent] This does not conflict with ... Per fess gules fretty argent and sable. There is one CD for the change to the field. The comparison between the fretty in chief and the fret couped in dexter chief is like the comparison between a mullet in chief and a mullet in dexter chief. This is an unforced move and thus worth a CD. [Ané{zv}ka z Ro{zv}mitála, 11/01, A-Ansteorra]

More recently, in September 2006, it was ruled:

Dubheasa ní Chéirín. Badge. (Fieldless) Three frets couped conjoined in chevron azure.

This badge is clear of Garin de Gramercy's badge, Argent, vêtu ployé, a fret azure. While a fret is an artistic variant of fretty (q.v. September 1992 Cover Letter), in this case, the three frets are not equivalent to fretty as they are not constrained to fill a space such as a field or an ordinary.

In a similar matter, in chief in fess three frets couped are not equivalent to fretty as by definition they do not - and cannot - fill the field. Therefore, there is a CD for the changes to the primary charges and Coblaith's device is clear of Gwynfor's device.

Oliva van Meteren. Device. Per bend sinister argent and gules, in chief an olive branch bendwise sinister proper fructed sable.

This is returned for conflict with the badge of Armando Ramos el Caido, (Fieldless) A branch blasted bendwise sinister proper. There is a CD for the field, but there is no difference between a branch and a branch blasted.

ARTEMISIA

Bianca Spiriti de Fiorenza. Device. Gules, a vol inverted argent and on a chief nebuly Or, three escallops inverted sable.

This device is returned for redraw. The line of division is not clearly nebuly nor embattled nor wavy.

Cynwrig de Montain. Device. Argent, a mullet of eight points voided and interlaced, a chief and a base vert.

Blazoned on the LoI as Argent, a mullet of two interlocking mascles, a chief and a base vert, the use of a chief and a base together is unacceptably poor design. As was noted in the return of Azemars Martel, Dec 2005:

This device is returned for non-period style. With the top and bottom of the shield the same color, and carrying the same charges, heraldic convention demands that this be blazoned Argent, on a fess between four fleurs-de-lys, three and one, azure a maunch argent. However, the "fess" is drawn so wide that it blurs the distinction between what heraldic custom dictates and what the eye sees. If the submitter wishes this basic design, it should be emblazoned such that the center portion of the shield is clearly a charged fess. If the submitter wishes to keep the maunch the primary charge, we'd suggest removing either the chief or the base (assuming no conflicts, of course).

In this case, the blurring of the distinction between a chief and a base and a charged fess is still here, even without tertiary charges in chief and base. Unlike other examples of motifs where such distinctions are blurred - for instance, between A pile and chaussé - we have been given no examples of a chief and a base used together, and so blazoned, in period. Rather, the overwhelming number of period examples is of charged fesses, drawn recognizably as such. The conventions of blazon require Cynwrig's submission to be blazoned as a charged fess - and by that blazon, it becomes obvious that it is drawn in an unacceptably non-period style, with the fess far too wide. (Or, to put it another way, the attempt to render this as a primary charge between a chief and a base makes the chief and base unacceptably narrow.)

For all these reasons, then - the lack of period support for the motif; the tendency to misemblazon the "fess" too wide, or the "chief" and "base" too narrow; and most of all, the blurring of the distinction between this motif and a charged fess, against the heraldic precepts found in RfS VIII.3 - we affirm that the use of a chief and a base together is, in general, non-period heraldic style, and grounds for return. The Society's prior registrations using a chief and a base will be left as they are, but will not be considered as support for future submissions.

We leave open the possibility that there might be designs with a chief and a base together, which would not blur the distinction from a charged fess: if the chief and base were different tinctures, for instance, or if they had different lines of division. But these will have to be considered case-by-case; we'd love to see some period examples of them. In any event, the return of Cynwrig's submission is unaffected.

Even were the chief-and-base combination allowed, this would have to be returned for conflict. If this is considered Argent, a mullet of eight points voided and interlaced, a chief and a base vert, it conflicts with the device of Otto Bötticher von Spreebrucke, Argent, seven swords, blades fretted to form a mullet of seven points, vert. In essence, we are comparing Cynwrig's mullet of eight points voided and interlaced with Otto's mullet of seven points voided and interlaced; we count no difference there, leaving a single CD for the addition of the secondary charges (the chief and the base).

If this were redrawn and reblazoned as Vert, on a fess argent a mullet of eight points voided and interlaced vert, it would conflict with Johanna Dudley's device, Vert, on a fess argent two saltorels throughout, each surmounted with a Celtic cross, all sable. There is a single CD for the changes to the tertiary charges.

Judith of Sherburn. Badge. Azure, a spear head bendwise sinister argent and a chief embattled Or.

This badge is returned for lack of identifiability of the spear head. Blazoned on the LoI as a spear tip, that would not include the shank shown in this emblazon. Spear heads are period charges, found as early as the Zurich Roll c. 1340 (there blazoned as a "fer de lance" in the arms of Lindenberg) and as late as Guillim in 1632, p.342. In all cases, though, the spear head is diamond-shaped, not leaf-shaped as here. The spear heads in Lindenberg have the additional feature of a cross bar on the shank (useful when you don't want your spear going too far into the target to be easily pulled out); the spear head in the arms of Spies (European Armorial, p.47) also has a cross bar, curved in its case, while the spear heads in the arms of Sauech (ibid p. 151) have none. So cross bars, as identifiable as they make the charge, don't seem to be a defining characteristic.

Please advise the submitter to use a diamond-shaped spear tip (whether submitting a spear head or spear tip) on resubmission. If she wishes a spear head, she should consider adding a cross bar to aid in its identifiability.

Teleri ferch Lludd. Device. Per chevron argent and vert, a horse courant to sinister gules.

This device is returned for a redraw as the horse is neither courant nor passant. Courant, in period, is pretty much drawn with two legs extended far forward and two legs extended far backwards. The posture as submitted is one that a running horse probably does take naturally, but it is not the standard courant, and in fact, not one of the legs is standard for courant, each is 90 degrees away (more "down" than "out"). Eadweard Muybridge, fl.1870, photographed horses in motion. He was the first to conclusively prove that, when running, all four feet left the ground - but not in the standard previous artistic depiction (with two feet forwards and two feet backwards) but rather the opposite, with all four feet almost together under the horse's belly. As that fact wasn't known until the 19th C, this depiction of a horse courant could not have been done in period. Recent precedent is clear that this is sufficient grounds for return:

This is being returned for redraw. As drawn it is not clearly courant or statant but something halfway between the two. [Renata von Hentzau , 06/1998, R-Atlantia]

The foxes are neither passant nor courant, but somewhere in between, blurring the distinction between them. Therefore the device is returned for a redraw as one or the other. [Mirabel of Foxrun, 10/1999, R-East]

The wolf is neither passant nor courant but somewhere in between, blurring the distinction between them. Therefore the device is returned for a redraw as one or the other. [Charles le Verdier, 11/2000, R-An Tir]

In addition, the posture of the wolf is not blazonable. The position, as drawn, is approximately halfway between "statant" and "courant." [Wulfgar Neumann, 01/2001, R-Outlands]

ATENVELDT

None.

ATLANTIA

Helena Kattenbach. Name.

This submission was withdrawn by the submitter

Riocard Ó Briain. Name.

Conflict with Richard O'Brian, writer of The Rocky Horror Show and The Rocky Horror Picture Show. While it is difficult to argue that this play and film are great works of art, it is impossible not to acknowledge their contribution to popular culture over the past thirty-some years. As such, the name of their author is worthy of some degree of protection.

CAID

Lylie Sole. Device. Per chevron purpure and sable, a lily argent.

This device is returned for conflict with Kingdom of Meridies' badge for the Order of the Argent Lily, (Fieldless) A lily blossom argent. There is a single CD for adding the field.

Thea Gabrielle Northernridge. Badge. (Fieldless) On a hand of Fatima Or, an eye azure.

This badge is returned for conflict with the device of Geva de Lile, Azure, on a dexter hand apaumy Or a goutte azure. There is a CD for fieldlessness, but nothing for the type of hand. As a hand of Fatima is not simple enough to void, RfS X.4.j.ii does not apply and there is nothing for changing the type only of the tertiary charge.

Timothy the Procrastinator. Name.

The proposed byname, the Procrastinator, uses a word not found until after 1600 that is also overly abstract and literary. In July, 2005, we noted:

[Household name Jolly Procrastinators] The word procrastinator is another matter; the earliest date found for this word in the OED is 1607 and the related procrastinate and procrastination are not found until the late 16th C. Furthermore, the word is one of those literary, overly abstract words that we would decline to register as a descriptive byname.

Descriptive words dated after 1600 that are not found as actual bynames are generally not registerable nor are overly abstract or literary bynames such as procrastinator.

His device was registered under the holding name, Timothy of Calafia.

CALONTIR

None.

DRACHENWALD

None.

EALDORMERE

Adriella Kerrick. Name and device. Lozengy purpure and argent, a fox rampant sable and on a chief argent two mullets of eight points sable.

The name Adriella was constructed based on the name of a saint martyred in the 3rd C and a pattern for forming Italian feminine diminutives found in Arval Beniceour, "Feminine Names from the Thirteenth Century Perugia" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/arval/perugia/gerugiaFemAlpha.html). However, we have no evidence that the name Adria was actually used in Italy in period. We grant submitters the benefit of the doubt and register saint's names not documented in use by the general population in period, but this is quite different from registering a constructed diminutive form of such a name. To register a diminutive form of a saint's name, the name itself must be documented in use in a period appropriate for use with the diminutive construction pattern. This is not the case with Adria. Therefore, barring documentation showing the name Adriella in use in period, it is not registerable. We would change the name to Adria Kerrick, but the submitter will not accept major changes. As this change would significantly change the sound and appearance of the name, we are forced to return it.

This device is returned for lack of identifiability. While the field is technically neutral, the low contrast between the sable fox and the purpure lozenges makes it nearly impossible to identify the fox.

Jaqueline de Bucquoy. Device. Quarterly purpure and argent, a cross flory throughout between four trilliums counterchanged.

This device is returned for a redraw of the trilliums. A trillium should be drawn in a "Y" shape, not a "T". We are not sure the varying orientations of the trilliums are blazonable and recommend on resubmission that the trilliums be drawn in the same orientation - either as a trillium with the petals in pall (two up, one down) or as a trillium inverted with the petals in pall inverted (one up, two down).

We note that the LoI blazoned this as Quarterly argent and purpure, a cross flory throughout and four trilliums counter changed, reversing the tinctures of the field, which would normally have caused this to be pended for further conflict checking. Please make sure that the emblazon and the blazon match when this is resubmitted.

Mario de Chelse. Device. Argent, a bull's head caboshed gules armed argent and on a chief triangular azure, a mullet Or.

This device is returned for lack of contrast. A bull's horns, like maintained charges, don't necessarily need good contrast with the field, but there must be some contrast. The argent horns on the argent field have no contrast and this must be returned. On resubmission, please advise the submitter to draw the mullet larger.

Mateo de Merida. Badge. Gules, a compass star gyronny argent and sable.

Unfortunately, this badge must be returned for multiple conflicts including Macedonia (important non-SCA flag), Gules, a sun Or, with the Republic of Macedonia (important non-SCA flag), Gules, a sun of eight straight rays throughout Or, and the device for Sara of the Rushes, Gules, an estoile of four straight and four rayonny voided rays Or. In each case, there is a single CD for changing the tincture of the primary charge but nothing for changing the type of the primary charge.

Ulvar van der Nederlanden. Badge. Checky argent and gules, three piles fesswise issuant from sinister sable.

This badge is returned for conflict with the badge for Duncan Bruce of Logan, Or, three wolf's teeth issuant from sinister sable. There is a CD for changes to the field; however, that is the only CD. Per precedent there is no difference granted between piles fesswise and wolf's teeth:

... no difference between the wolf's teeth and the piles: "[piles issuant from dexter vs wolf's teeth issuant from dexter] This conflicts [with] nothing for the curved line in the wolf's teeth. Just as we would give nothing for the enarching of three bars, we give nothing for the enarching of the piles." (LoAR of December 1998, p. 12). [Nataliia Anastasiia Evgenova Sviatoslavina vnuchka, 10/03, R-East]

EAST

Alys Mackyntoich and Brunissende Dragonette de Brocéliande. Joint badge. (Fieldless) A standing seraph gules, haloed and standing atop an open book, charged on the breast with a cup maintained in both hands Or.

This is returned for problems with depiction of the book. As Black Stag noted:

An open book is usually fully open and fully vertical to the viewer (as if you had opened the book flat and then glued the book cover to the escutcheon on which the charge lies - or alternately, as if you fully opened the book and balanced it on the table so that the book was resting on the bottoms of its pages and the bottom edge of the book cover.)

I'd expect that armory with a bird perched atop an open book would have the open book would be in this usual orientation, with the bird happily perched atop the top edges of the pages and spine. Likewise, I'd expect a standing seraph standing atop an open book to look as if it were standing on top of a wall, where the "sides of the wall" were the book's pages and the "top of the wall" the top edges of the pages and the top edge of the book cover.

Here, the open book is tilted at least 45 degrees "into the shield" - the seraph is clearly not standing on the top edges of the open book, but standing in the center of a book that is definitely at a slope, if not almost "flat" (rather than "on edge").

The use of trian aspect is sufficient grounds for return per RfS VIII.1.c.i., which states that "Charges may only be drawn in perspective if they were so depicted in period armory."

This badge does not conflict with the device for Henry of Three Needles, Or, a standing seraph gules. The cup lies entirely on the standing seraph and has good contrast with it; therefore the cup is a tertiary charge. There is a CD for fieldlessness and another for adding the cup. The badge does not conflict with the badge for Seraphina Aglaia, (Fieldless) A seraph gules. A seraph is a child's head with six wings; a standing seraph is a humanoid with six wings. There is a substantial (X.2) difference between the charges.

Elene of Lochcarron. Device. Or, two crows displayed respectant sable and a salmon haurient gules.

This device is returned for multiple conflicts, including the Holy Roman Empire (important non-SCA arms), Or, a double-headed eagle displayed sable (sometimes crowned, sometimes also nimbed Or) and Or, an eagle displayed sable (sometimes crowned, sometimes also nimbed Or), Germany (important non-SCA arms), Or, an eagle displayed sable, and Russia (important non-SCA flag), Or, a double-headed eagle sable displayed armed crowned and maintaining an orb and sceptre Or. In each case there is a CD for the number of primary charges. There is nothing for the difference between a crow displayed and an eagle displayed, nor between a crow displayed and a double-headed eagle displayed. Nor is there a difference for removing the crown or nimbus (which are only sometimes present).

The July 2005 Cover Letter states two basic principles to be followed when counting difference: use the smallest possible number of steps to get from the registered to the submitted armory, and don't hypothesize any intermediate armory. The LoI asked "The smallest step that one can take between "one black bird" and "two black birds and a red fish" is "add a black bird and a red fish." But does the presence of the word "and" mean that this is really two steps (1. add a bird, 2. add a fish), and therefore two changes?" No, and does not mean this is two steps. There is but a single step - the addition of two charges, which just happen to be different (a black bird and a red fish). Thus there is not a CD for changing the tincture or type of the bottommost charge.

The use of a bird displayed, other than an eagle, is a step from period practice.

Erlan skáld í Norðrlandi. Household name Known World Choir.

No documentation was submitted and none found suggesting that this household name follows known patterns for naming organized groups of people in period. While the word Choir is used in period to denote an organized group of singers, the term Known World does not follow a pattern used for naming these entities. In general, choirs would be named for the church to which they were attached. Barring documentation for the pattern Known World + [group], such names are not registerable.

Furthermore, an attempt to register Known World as a descriptive element is presumptuous as Known World refers to the Society for Creative Anachronism as a whole. As such, only the SCA, Inc has real standing to register names using this phrase, assuming such names were registerable.

GLEANN ABHANN

Alsinda de Rochabaron. Device. Per fess azure and gules, in chief a dragon couchant and in base two pallets Or, overall in base two rapiers in saltire sable.

This is being returned for violating RfS VIII.2.b.i. - the sable rapiers do not have good contrast with the gules field.

A question was raised whether the use of demi-pallets was allowed. We would blazon the arms of Zobeltitz (Siebmacher 163) as Per fess Or and gules, a demi-eagle issuant from the line of division sable and two demi-pales argent. Therefore, having two pallets in base has period support and is registerable.

Miles de Warewyk. Device. Per pale wavy sable and argent, a cross fleury gules and in chief a sword and dragon rampant counterchanged.

This device is returned for redraw; the wavy line of division is fatally obscured. Generally, when we have a complex line surmounted by a charge (e.g., Per pale wavy sable and argent, a fish naiant gules), enough of the line is present to allow it to be identified. In this case, a good portion of the line is covered by the cross's vertical axis, which is long, skinny and straight. The eye immediately concludes that the field division beneath it is likewise straight - and then we get that moment of confusion when the eye sees the top half of the field, and the division is wavy. This moment of confusion is exactly what heraldic design should strive to avoid. The fact that the visible waves are so few and so shallow adds to the problem; however, we decline to rule at this time whether or not a simply redrawing the line of division will be sufficient to allow its identification.

On resubmission, the sword and dragon should be drawn larger.

LAUREL

None.

MERIDIES

Cynan of Tarsus. Name.

No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest substantial contact between Welsh speakers and Armenia. As this name combines a Welsh given name and an Anglicized Armenian locative, it is not registerable. We note also that Cynan is a modern nominative form of the name found in the 10th C as Cinan. If the submitter is interested in a 10th C Welsh name, we suggest starting with this form, and using the cited article, Jones, "The First Thousand Years of British Names", (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/british1000) to build an authentic 10th C name.

His device was registered under the holding name Cinan of Forth Castle.

Maya Kâl.i. Device. Argent, on a bend embowed to base sable between an owl and a crescent purpure five tassels palewise argent.

Submitted on the LoI as a bend embowed to base presented for this treatment of ordinaries in period. Even if there were period heraldic evidence for a bend embowed to base (as opposed to enarched), this would have been returned for a redraw, as the bend is barely embowed.

The submitter's name was returned on the August 2006 LoAR.

MIDDLE

Anastasia von der Wilgenhalle. Device change. Per pall inverted arrondi argent, sable, and ermine, in canton a trillium inverted sable.

This device is returned for lack of identifiability of the field division. The use of an argent and ermine on the field, without an ordinary to separate them, is not allowed as the two portions of the field blend together. This is true of any ermine-type fur and its base tincture (e.g., ermine and argent, pean and sable, or argent ermined gules and argent).

Listed on the LoI as a new device, the forms show this is actually a device change.

Dycon Gestour. Device. Azure, in chief a sinister gauntlet bendwise sinister sustaining a handkerchief pendent argent.

This device is returned as the gauntlet is in an unblazonable orientation; it is halfway between fesswise and bendwise sinister. Also, it is shown in profile (that is, edge on); this is not allowed for hands or gauntlets, as it is neither documented nor recognizable. In addition, many commenters mistook the handkerchief for a pouch. There is a single registration of a handkerchief and that as a maintained charge. We are uncertain that a handkerchief can be emblazoned in an identifiable and reproducible manner and thus satisfying the requirements of RfS VII.7 - Armorial Elemental Requirements.

Jocelin de Monte Joi. Device. Azure, a horse courant to sinister, in chief three estoiles argent.

This device is returned for a redraw as the horse is neither courant nor passant. Courant, in period, is pretty much drawn with two legs extended far forward and two legs extended far backwards. This posture is one that a running horse probably does take naturally, but it is not the standard courant, and in fact, not one of the legs is standard for courant, each is 90 degrees away (more "down" than "out.") Recent precedent is clear that this is sufficient grounds for return:

Renata von Hentzau. Device. Azure, a fox courant reguardant argent, in chief three mullets Or. This is being returned for redraw. As drawn it is not clearly courant or statant but something halfway between the two. [Renata von Hentzau , 06/1998, R-Atlantia]

The foxes are neither passant nor courant, but somewhere in between, blurring the distinction between them. Therefore the device is returned for a redraw as one or the other. [Mirabel of Foxrun, 10/1999, R-East]

The wolf is neither passant nor courant but somewhere in between, blurring the distinction between them. Therefore the device is returned for a redraw as one or the other. [Charles le Verdier, 11/2000, R-An Tir]

In addition, the posture of the wolf is not blazonable. The position, as drawn, is approximately halfway between "statant" and "courant." [Wulfgar Neumann, 01/2001, R-Outlands]

This device is clear of the device for Cecily de la Warde Azure, mounted upon a horse passant contourny argent, a maiden maintaining a hawk close contourny Or. There is a CD for adding the estoiles. A check of Anglo-Norman Armory II, the Dictionary of British Arms vol.1, and Papworth, showed no examples of any armory (period or otherwise) with a horse that was sometimes shown with a rider and sometimes not. In other words, the rider doesn't appear to be a negligible artistic detail. Until someone demonstrates otherwise, we will grant a CD for the presence of a horse's rider, just as we grant a CD for adding wings to a horse.

Templemede, Canton of. Device. Argent, a cross gules surmounted by a laurel wreath vert and on a chief embattled sable, three chalices argent.

This device is returned for redraw as the chief is too narrow.

The petition submitted with this device was invalid as it included neither the blazon nor the emblazon. A valid petition will be needed when the device is resubmitted.

NORTHSHIELD

Kristin Leifsdottir. Device. Argent, on a bend sinister between an increscent and a decrescent azure, a rose argent.

This device is returned for conflict with the device for Ellen Miller, Argent, on a bend sinister cotised azure a quatrefoil palewise argent. There is a CD for changes to the secondary charges. While we grant difference between a quatrefoil and a rose when both are primary charges, as tertiary charges the two flowers don't have the substantial (i.e., X.2) difference needed for a CD for changing the type only of a tertiary charge. Thus there is only a single CD for changing the type of secondary charges.

Mistig Wætru, Shire of. Device. Per chevron azure and argent, five mullets of six points in chevron argent and a laurel wreath vert.

This device is returned for a redraw as the line of division is too low for this to be a per chevron field and too high for it to be a point pointed. Also, as most commenters noted, the laurel wreath needs a few more leaves at the top so that the gap is not as large. Please advise the submitters to draw the mullets larger and without the internal detailing.

The shire has permission to conflict with the arms of the Shire of White Mountain, Azure, on a pile inverted throughout between six mullets in annulo argent, in pale a sword palewise gules and a laurel wreath vert.

Sarah the Foole. Device. Vert, on a lozenge azure, fimbriated, a mullet of seven points argent.

This device is returned for conflict with the device of Josephus Piscator, Argent, on a lozenge azure a compass star throughout Or. There is a CD for changes to the field but nothing for adding the fimbriation. There is not a CD between a compass star and a mullet of seven points, and changing the tincture only of the tertiary charge is insufficient for the second CD.

The device does not conflict with the device for Amber Lang, Vert, on a lozenge argent, a cat sejant guardant sable. This potential conflict call generated a lot of discussion concerning two relatively recent precedents. The first is from the tenure of Francois I:

... the three following very dissimilar-sounding blazons can all be drawn identically, and thus should be considered heraldically equivalent: A lozenge Or charged with a lozenge gules, A lozenge Or voided gules, and A lozenge gules fimbriated Or. This heraldic equivalence will apply for any charge "simple enough to void" by the criteria stated in the Cover Letter for the November 1992 LoAR. When checking for conflict with armory using fimbriation or voiding, all these interpretations should be considered when checking for conflict, and if one of the interpretations conflicts, the two pieces of armory conflict. This does not seem overly restrictive when one considers the rarity of armory in period featuring voided or fimbriated charges, or arms with the design of A "charge" charged with "the same type of charge". These are very uncommon designs in period. Period viewers probably had the same sorts of problems that we have when interpreting such designs.

Note that charges which are voided by definition are generally given one CD from their solid equivalents: mascles are given a CD from lozenges, and annulets are given a CD from roundels. If one interpreted these charges as voided, fimbriated, or charged charges, the guidelines above would also give exactly one CD between them. Comparing Azure, a lozenge Or vs. Azure, a lozenge Or charged with a lozenge azure: one CD, for adding a tertiary charge. Azure, a lozenge Or vs. Azure, a lozenge Or voided azure: equivalent to the previous case of adding a tertiary charge. Azure, a lozenge Or vs. Azure, a lozenge azure fimbriated Or: one CD for changing the tincture of the lozenge from Or to azure, and no additional difference for removing the fimbriation. [Cecily of Whitehaven, 06/02, R-Æthelmearc]

This precedent supports the conflict call against Josephus' device but it does not discuss the case of a "quaternary" charge. In the tenure of Francois II, the June 2004 Cover Letter included the discussion:

From Wreath: Alternate Blazons and Conflicts

This month we registered ...on a pale argent fimbriated vert, a peacock feather proper despite a possible conflict with ...on a pale vert three fangs palewise Or. The argument was made that both pieces of armory could be considered as ...a pale vert charged with <stuff>. However, in order for the new submission to fit this interpretation, it would be blazoned as ...on a pale vert a pale argent charged with a peacock feather proper. That would be four layers, which is unregisterable. Since the unregisterable blazon is the only blazon under which the conflict exists, this is not a conflict.

However, there are other circumstances do exist where there is a conflict with already registered armory due to reblazoning the registered armory. Last month, for example, we returned ...on a compass star argent a Maltese cross azure...for conflict with ...within a sun throughout argent, eclipsed azure, a goshawk displayed argent, giving no CD between the two excerpted parts. In this case the already registered armory would today be blazoned as ...on a sun throughout argent, a roundel azure charged with a goshawk displayed argent, emphasizing that the goshawk can be considered a quaternary charge and thus ignored completely when checking for conflict.

The main difference between these two cases is that in the "no conflict" example it was the new armory to which the problematic reblazon applied, while in the "yes conflict" example it was the old armory that had the unregisterable reblazon.

Sarah's device would conflict with Amber's device if Sarah's were considered under the blazon Vert, on a lozenge argent a lozenge azure charged with a mullet of seven points argent; however, this alternate blazon is unregisterable. Under the Francois II precedent, since conflict would only exist if Sarah's submission were blazoned in a way that made it unregisterable, the conflict call isn't valid: no conflict exists with Amber's device.

Torgeir of Falcon's Keep. Device. Azure, a winged demi-lion, on a chief argent five lozenges azure.

This device is returned for a redraw of the demi-lion. As emblazoned, this fails to meet the requirements of VII.7.a, which states "Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance". A demi-lion would be couped at the waist: we'd see both forefeet, the chest, and the body down to the couped line. We'd see a mane. We wouldn't see a single leg, a single wing, and a beast's head all conjoined, which is what we see here. In addition, the chief should be drawn wider and the lozenges should not touch the edge of the shield.

OUTLANDS

Caer Galen, Barony of. Order name Order of the Curmudgeons of Caer Galen.

This order name is not consistent with period order names. While it does follow the larger meta-pattern of [collective group of people] + [placename], the particular collective term used here, Curmudgeons is not consistent with the types collective terms, such as knights, nobles, brothers, militia, found in period order names. These terms have two things in common: they are all common, everyday words to describe a collective group of people, and none describes an evil person such as an "avaricious churlish fellow" (the definition provided by the submitters for curmudgeon). Barring documentation for period order names using this type of collective descriptive term, this order name is not registerable.

Caer Galen, Barony of. Order name Order of the Militant Bards.

This name does not follow patterns of period order names. The submitters claimed that the name followed the pattern [adjective] + [collective group of people]. However, an examination of names in Meradudd Cethin, "Project Ordensnamen" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/order), shows two things about names that theoretically follow this pattern: the names using these patterns are necessarily the full or proper name of the order but rather a name the order is commonly known by, and there is a narrow list of types of adjectives used in such names. The most common adjective is an ethnic descriptive element, for example Teutonic Knights. The second most common patterns includes the name of a patron, for example Brician Knights, who are dedicated to Saint Bridget of Sweden. This leaves two remaining recorded order names following the [adjective + group] pattern: Golden Knights and Cross Bearers. Neither of these support the pattern [state-of-being-adjective + group]. As such, the name Order of the Bards of Caer Galen, Order of the Golden Bards or a name showing the bards dedicated to a saint or holy figure would be registerable.

SIREN

Isle Herald. Release of heraldic title.

This is likely a variant spelling for Islay Herald, a protected heraldic title. Even though it is a variant spelling of an already protected title, it does no harm to the keep it on the books and it makes it explicit that protected titles are protected in all their forms.

Juge General d'Armes. Release of heraldic title.

According to the documentation provided with this item, this title was "created..to oversee the heralds of France..." As such it is the equivalent of a king of arms and thus worthy of continued protection.

Louvre Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

This title was held by a herald in direct service to a Regent of France. This is the equivalent of being in direct service to a sovereign. Therefore, this title is worthy of continued protection. Even though it is a variant spelling of an already protected title, it does no harm to the keep it on the books and it makes it explicit that protected titles are protected in all their forms.

Lover Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

This title was held by a herald in direct service to a Regent of France. This is the equivalent of being in direct service to a sovereign. Therefore, this title is worthy of continued protection. Even though it is a variant spelling of an already protected title, it does no harm to the keep it on the books and it makes it explicit that protected titles are protected in all their forms.

Lovre Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

This title was held by a herald in direct service to a Regent of France. This is the equivalent of being in direct service to a sovereign. Therefore, this title is worthy of continued protection.

Maigniens King of Arms. Release of heraldic title.

This title is the first known mention of a heraldic title in literature; as such it is worthy of continued protection.

Mal Travers Herald or Herald Extraordinary. Release of heraldic title.

This is a variant form of an already protected title. Even though it is a variant spelling of an already protected title, it does no harm to the keep it on the books and it makes it explicit that protected titles are protected in all their forms.

March Herald or King of Arms or Pursuivant. Release of heraldic title.

As the title of a king of arms, this title is worthy of continued protection. In addition, March Herald is a title that has been used in the 20th C and is available for use by the Lyon Court. This also marks it as worthy of continued protection.

Mountioie King of Arms. Release of heraldic title.

As the title of a king of arms, this title is worthy of continued protection. Even though it is a variant spelling of an already protected title, it does no harm to the keep it on the books and it makes it explicit that protected titles are protected in all their forms.

Mountjoie King of Arms. Release of heraldic title.

As the title of a king of arms, this title is worthy of continued protection. Even though it is a variant spelling of an already protected title, it does no harm to the keep it on the books and it makes it explicit that protected titles are protected in all their forms.

TRIMARIS

An Crosaire, Barony of. Order name Order of the Serpent Torque and badge. (Fieldless) A snake in annulo lozengy vert and Or.

This name has the same problem it had when it was returned in 1995:

The word "torque" used in the sense here is dated no earlier than 1834. As such the term is quite post-period.

In the previous submission, the submitter's documented torques as a Latin word with the desired meaning. At that time, we suggested Ordo Torquis; as a Latin construct of period Latin words, this form is registerable.

This badge is returned for a redraw. RfS VII.a requires that "[e]lements must be recognizable solely from their appearance". The snake is not recognizable; at most it appears to be a poorly drawn annulet. Some suggestions to help make the serpent more identifiable: 1) make the head in profile, not seen from the top; 2) have some of the tail tip sticking out to the side; and 3) have the fangs visible (so, big open snake mouth, not entirely filled with tail but half filled, fangs in front, with profile on field).

Blazoned on the LoI as (Fieldless) A snake in annulo vert, a letter of correction was issued at the end of the primary commentary period with a corrected blazon, (Fieldless) A snake in annulo lozengy vert and Or. Due to the lateness of the letter, this would normally have been pended to allow commentary. However, the tincture change doesn't affect the lack of identifiability of the charge, so it is being returned rather than pended.

On resubmission the lozengy should be more obviously lozengy. As drawn, the lozenges are almost too small to see. It's hard to make an annulet-like charge lozengy, but if it must be lozengy, we recommend that the lozenges follow the line of the charge.

Marcaster, Barony of. Order name Order of the Golden Citadel of Marcaster and badge association. Azure, issuant from the battlements of a demi-tower a beacon Or enflamed proper, a tierce wavy paly wavy argent and azure.

This item was listed on the LoI as a resubmission to Laurel. However, the original submission was made by the Kingdom of Trimaris instead of the Barony of Marcaster. Resubmissions are not transferable; only the person or entity who made the original submission is entitled to a resubmission. Therefore, this is a new submission for the Barony of Marcaster. Since new submissions must be accompanied by an appropriate fee, and no fee was included with this submission, we are forced to return this item.

As the order name is being returned, the badge - registered to the barony in February 2006 - cannot be associated with the name.

Marcaster, Barony of. Order name Order of the Golden Hearth and badge association. Azure, a brazier Or enflamed proper, a tierce wavy paly wavy argent and azure.

This item was listed on the LoI as a resubmission to Laurel. However, the original submission was made by the Kingdom of Trimaris instead of the Barony of Marcaster. Resubmissions are not transferable; only the person or entity who made the original submission is entitled to a resubmission. Therefore, this is a new submission for the Barony of Marcaster. Since new submissions must be accompanied by an appropriate fee, and no fee was included with this submission, we are forced to return this item.

We note the possibility that this name might not be registerable as submitted. For one, it is an aural conflict with the name Order of the Golden Heart, registered to the Barony of Vatavia. For another, no documentation was submitted to show that a hearth has a unique or standard depiction appropriate for use as a heraldic charge. To claim an item as a heraldic charge that has not previously been registered in the SCA as a heraldic charge, it is necessary to show that either the item was a heraldic charge in period, or that there is a standard depiction of it suitable for use in armory.

As the order name is being returned, the badge - registered to the barony in February 2006 - cannot be associated with the name.

Marcaster, Barony of. Order name Order of the Golden Well and badge association. Azure, a natural fountain Or, a tierce wavy paly wavy argent and azure.

This item was listed on the LoI as a resubmission to Laurel. However, the original submission was made by the Kingdom of Trimaris instead of the Barony of Marcaster. Resubmissions are not transferable; only the person or entity who made the original submission is entitled to a resubmission. Therefore, this is a new submission for the Barony of Marcaster. Since new submissions must be accompanied by an appropriate fee, and no fee was included with this submission, we are forced to return this item.

As the order name is being returned, the badge - registered to the barony in February 2006 - cannot be associated with the name.

Marsle of Dunbarton. Device. Or, a fox sejant guardant sable and in chief a ducal coronet within an orle of Wake knots in orle gules.

This device is returned for using a reserved charge to which the submitter is not entitled. The mini-emblazon had an embattled (county) coronet; the full-size emblazon had ducal coronet. As the submitter is a countess, not a duchess, she is not entitled to display a ducal coronet. We note that the mismatch between the mini-emblazon and the full-size emblazon would have been sufficient grounds for return.

Syban Khal. Device. Sable, on a plate a Russian firebird volant palewise head to sinister gules within a bordure rayonny argent.

This device is returned for a redraw. Blazoned on the LoI as a Russian firebird, it does not match the other Russian firebirds we've registered. Those all have multi-plumed tails, rather like peacock tails only not in a fan, and they all have head crests. The illustration at http://www.auburn.edu/academic/liberal_arts/foreign/russian/art/bilibin/bilibin27.html is typical of SCA registrations. As we have found no period illustrations of the bird at all, or even evidence that the folktale on which it's based is a period legend, the use of a Russian firebird is a least a step from period practice.

In addition, the bird is not displayed, as blazoned on the LoI: that posture is specifically defined to have the feet stick out on either side of the body, and this bird has no feet.

Trimaris, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Manifest Herald.

No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that this title follows patterns used to form period heraldic titles. Heraldic titles are typically forms from placenames, surnames, heraldic charges, and mottos. Manifest is none of these things. Barring documentation that this title follows patterns for forming heraldic titles in period, it is not registerable.

WEST

Walterus Ignotus. Name.

No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that bynames meaning "unknown" or "anonymous" were used in England, where the given name was documented. Therefore, this byname does not follow naming patterns found in England. Barring documentation showing such a pattern, the byname Ignotus is not registerable.

His armory was registered under the name Walter of Canale.

- Explicit littera renuntiationum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN PENDED UNTIL THE June 2007 LAUREL MEETING (OR AS NOTED):

EALDORMERE

Alexander the Blue. Device. Per bend azure and argent, in bend three triquetras bendwise inverted between two dragons in bend sinister counterchanged.

Blazoned on the LoI as Per fess argent and azure, two dragons rampant and three triquetras in fess counter changed, the line of division is actually per bend. Only about half the commenters correctly identified the field division, which was not visible on the mini-emblazon, and none noted the reversed field tinctures. This is pended to allow conflict checking with the correct field division and tinctures.

This was item 2 on the Ealdormere letter of July 28, 2006.

TRIMARIS

Mittainne von Wald. Device. Sable, an eagle displayed guardant between its wings a sun, in base a ducal coronet argent.

Blazoned on the LoI as a sun eclipsed, the sun is entirely argent and therefore is not eclipsed. A sun eclipsed is treated as if it had a tertiary charge - a sable (or other tincture) roundel. This is pended for conflict checking with the absence of this tertiary charge.

The submitter is a duke and entitled to display a ducal coronet.

This was item 11 on the Trimaris letter of July 31, 2006.

- Explicit -