THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN REGISTERED:

ÆTHELMEARC

Alicia Hennenberg. Device. Per pale sable and vert, two peacocks addorsed argent.

The peacocks here are in their default posture, per the LoAR of August 2003. Many commenters thought that the peacocks should be blazoned as pavonated to base. The term pavonated simply means "colored like a peacock" and should not be used in blazon. Please see the Cover Letter for a more detailed discussion.

Artán Becc. Name.

Connor M'Eleam. Device change. Per fess dovetailed azure and argent, in pale two greyhounds courant argent collared Or and a portcullis sable.

We wish to thank the submitter for informing us that he has arms registered through the Imperial Ethiopian College of Heralds which are blazoned Per Fess embattled, in first Azure two greyhounds courant Argent collared Or in pale; in second Argent a portcullis Sable; in the Crest, issuant from a torse wreath Azure and Argent, a greyhound's head couped Argent collared Or; for the Motto, Virtute & Valare. The Administrative Handbook in section III.B.6 states:

Armory Used by the Submitter Outside the Society - No armory will be registered to a submitter if it is identical to an insignia used by the submitter for purposes of identification outside of a Society context. This includes armory, trademarks and other items registered with mundane authorities that serve to identify an individual or group. This restriction is intended to help preserve a distinction between a submitter's identity within the Society and his or her identity outside of the Society. Any change that causes a blazonable difference between mundane and Society arms is sufficient to allow registration by Laurel. Further, submitters may register either a name or armory which is a close variant of a name or insignia they use outside the Society, but not both.

When considering whether or not there is sufficient difference between a submitter's real world arms and his SCA armory, the details of any crest, motto, and/or supporters are ignored as these are not registered by the SCA. In this case, the only remaining difference is the line of division. There is a blazonable difference, though not a CD, between an embattled line and a dovetailed line. This blazonable difference is the minimum required by the Administrative Handbook, and as the submitter's SCA name is very different from his legal name, this device is registerable.

His old device, Azure, a cubit arm sustaining a double-bitted axe palewise argent, a bordure argent semy of roses proper, is released.

Isabele of Dunbar. Name.

Nikolai Medvednikov. Name.

Submitted as Nikolai Bearslayer the epithet Bearslayer was intended as a lingua anglica equivalent of the Russian byname Medvednik "bear hunter". We do not believe that bearslayer is a reasonable translation of this term. For one thing, the submitted documentation notes, "Paul Wickenden, via e-mail, confirms that the suffix "-nik" carries the sense of "one that has something to do with [X]" and is akin to the English suffix "-ist"." This is a far cry from saying that "-nik" is translated as "hunter"; instead it seems that it can have that general sense when appropriate, but that it is not a direct translation of the word. Furthermore, a hunter is a well-attested Russian occupation, a slayer is not. We do not believe the two terms are interchangeable or that "bearslayer" is a valid English translation of Medvednik. The submitter indicated that he would accept the Russian Medvednikov (son of the bear hunter) if Bearslayer was not registerable. We have changed the name to Nikolai Medvednikov in order to register it.

Uesugi Kutarou Ietoyo. Name and device. Vert, three dragonflies in pall inverted tails to center argent.

Veronica d'Artusio. Name.

AN TIR

Gorandookht Mamigonian. Reblazon of device. Gules, two peacocks respectant and a pomegranate Or.

Registered in April 1999 with the blazon Gules, two peacocks pavonated to base respectant and a pomegranate Or, the term pavonated simply means "colored like a peacock". These peacocks are in their default posture, per the LoAR of August 2003. Please see the Cover Letter for more details on blazoning peacocks.

Süleyman Khayám. Reblazon of device. Gules, a peacock Or, the tail marked gules, collared and tethered argent in sinister chief to a mullet within the horns of an increscent Or.

Registered in January 1990 with the blazon Gules, a peacock statant close Or, eyed gules, collared and tethered argent in sinister chief to a mullet within the horns of an increscent Or, we have reblazoned it to clarify that it is the eyes in the tail (not the head) which are gules. This peacock is in its default posture, per the LoAR of August 2003. Please see the Cover Letter for more details on blazoning peacocks.

ANSTEORRA

Amaryllis Marinaro. Device. Azure crescenty, three coneys rampant each maintaining a mace Or.

Please advise the submitter to draw the crescents somewhat larger.

Ariella Idarius. Reblazon of device. Vert, a peacock Or within a bordure pean.

Registered in April 1984 with the blazon Vert, a peacock pavanated Or within a bordure pean, the term pavonated simply means "colored like a peacock". This peacock is in its default posture, per the LoAR of August 2003. Please see the Cover Letter for more details on blazoning peacocks.

Bridget Addington. Name.

Duncan Robertsoun. Name and device. Quarterly Or and argent, in bend two Celtic crosses sable.

Nice 16th C Scots name!

Edouard Laigle. Name and device. Sable, a hawk volant, wings addorsed, Or between three mullets argent.

This does not conflict with the device for Aaron Direidus, Sable, a cock hardy wings addorsed Or between three blonde ladies' heads facing dexter proper, which has been reblazoned elsewhere on this LoAR. There is a CD for the type of secondary charges and another for the tincture, as the ladies heads are half argent and half Or.

Geneviève Cordelia d'Outremer. Device. Quarterly argent and vert, in bend two lozenges gules.

Gregor Elfingstone. Name and device. Argent, a bow bendwise sinister nocked of a straight trumpet and on a chief embattled azure three open scrolls argent.

Please advise the submitter to draw one more embattlement on the line of division.

Guenlliant Goch verch Ouein. Name and device. Azure, a griffin Or and on a chief argent three open books azure.

Nicely drawn griffin.

Jaquelinne Marguerite de la Ryver. Device. Argent, three water bougets and in chief two bars wavy azure.

Jesse of Blackoak. Name and device. Per fess argent and sable, a phoenix vert rising from flames Or.

Mari ingen Briain meic Donnchada. Name change from Mari Elspeth nic Bryan.

This name is returned for excessive temporal consistency -- we just can't have name elements dated within 23 months of each...um, I mean.. Nice name! (joke courtesy DdL)

Her old name, Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, is retained as an alternate name.

Otes Dackes. Name and device. Sable, a fess dancetty argent between three hammers Or.

Submitted as Otes Dacke, the submitter noted that he would prefer Dackes if it could be found. Dakes is dated to 1595 in Julie Kahan, "Surnames in Durham and Northumberland, 1521-1615" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/juetta/parish/surnames.html). Given this, we believe Dackes is also reasonable. We have changed the name to Otes Dackes per the submitter's stated preference.

ARTEMISIA

Artemisia, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Double Quaterfoyle Herald.

Nice heraldic title!

Artemisia, Kingdom of. Transfer of heraldic title Double Quaterfoyle Herald to Yin Mei Li.

Colete de Valenciennes. Device. Per pale sable and purpure, an eagle and in chief two fleurs-de-lys argent.

Isabetta Beccari. Name and device. Azure, a chevron Or and in chief a horse couchant argent.

Jariya al-Zahra'. Name.

Maximilian von Passau. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Listed on the LoI as Maximilian Von Passau, a note on the LoI indicated that the name had been changed to Maximilian von Passau at kingdom. Since the preposition in German locative bynames typically appears in all lowercase letters, we have fixed this typo.

The submitter requested an authentic 16th C German name. This name is authentic as registered.

Merglin Fuchsyn. Name.

Submitted as Merglin Fuchs, like the name Fuchyn, the byname Fuchs runs afoul of RfS IV.1:

Edward Fuchyn. This name, as several commenters noted, runs afoul of RfS IV.1, which states "Pornographic or scatological terms will not be registered." We note that the name Fuchyn is a documented Dutch name. However, its pronunciation is far too close to, well, to quote a popular Christmas film, "THE word, the big one, the queen-mother of dirty words, the "F-dash-dash-dash" word!" (A Christmas Story, Jean Shepherd, Leigh Brown, and Bob Edwin Clark), to be registerable.[September 2006]

The submitter indicated that she would accept the feminized form Fuchsyn if the submitter byname was not registerable. As the pronunciation of Fuchsyn is sufficiently different from the F* word or the F*ing word that it does not directly evoke either of these terms, it is registerable. We have changed the name to Merglin Fuchsyn in order to register it.

Ruaidrí Campbell. Name (see RETURNS for device).

This name mixes Gaelic and Scots; this is one step from period practice.

Seth Fletcher. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Sythe Fletcher, the submitter indicated that he wanted a masculine name; he requested that if the name Sythe was a feminine name that his name be changed to Seth Fletcher. The evidence is overwhelming that Sythe is a feminine name. Albion notes:

The example of <Sythe> in the source data for Karen's article [the article cited on the LoI] gives no indication of the gender: "Sythe Gillour in goods 15li"

All of the other examples that I have seen of <Sithe> or <Sythe> are all very clearly feminine, as they are found in marriage records:

<http://genuki.cs.ncl.ac.uk/Transcriptions/DUR/HEI.html>(Most of the names in this list are Latinized.) 25 Nov 1599 Michael Claton = Sitha Tomson 1 May 1604 Xpopherus Conn = Sitha Dawson 10 Feb 1601* Leonard Richinson = Sythe Hawell

<http://genuki.cs.ncl.ac.uk/Transcriptions/NBL/HEX1600.html>(The names in this list generally are not Latinized, so <Sitha> here may represent the vernacular.) 17 Nov 1612 Peter Vickars = Sitha Sheill

<http://genuki.cs.ncl.ac.uk/Transcriptions/DUR/GAI.html>6 Oct 1601 Richard Burrell = Sithe Elwine 25 Jul 1609 Christofer Shawe = Syth Thompson

<http://genuki.cs.ncl.ac.uk/Transcriptions/DUR/SOC.html>26 Apr 1607 John Smith = Sithe Couper

<http://genuki.cs.ncl.ac.uk/Transcriptions/DUR/HSP1563.htm>(The names in this list generally are not Latinized.) 15 May 1606 William Smith = Sithea Headlam

<http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/genuki/Transcriptions/DUR/COC.html>7 Nov 1601 Robertt Hall = Sythe Baynbricke

<http://genuki.cs.ncl.ac.uk/Transcriptions/DUR/SED.html>30 Nov 1602 John Mayson = Sythe Eland

This list was compiled by Jueta Copin. I think there is very little doubt that <Sythe> is a feminine name. At the very least, I would be very surprised to see <Seth> spelled <Syth> or <Sythe>, since that represents a substantial change in the vowel.

We have changed the name to Seth Fletcher per the submitter's request.

Sorcha inghean Uí Lorcain. Name (see RETURNS for device and badge).

Submitted as Sorcha inghean_Lorccain, the patronymic mixes the normal Early Modern Irish patronymic marker with a Middle Irish spelling of the patronym; such mixtures are not registerable. Because the name Sorcha is not found until 1480, and we have no examples of the given name Lorcan used after the mid 12th C, it seems best to make the name registerable by changing it to a fully Early Modern Irish name where Lorcan is Sorcha's eponymous ancestor. Examination of the various Irish annals reveals that Lorcan (in the nominative case) and Lorcain (in the genitive case) are the standard (in fact the only) spellings found in these sources. We have changed the name to Sorcha inghean Uí Lorcain in order to register it; we note that in this form, the name is an authentic 15th C Gaelic name.

Sumayya bint Suleiman. Name.

The submitter indicated that she was interested in an authentic name and if the name had to be changed cared most about language/culture of Turkish. While this is an authentic Arabic name, no documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that Sumayya is a Turkish name or has a Turkish equivalent.

Uriah MacGilchrist. Name (see RETURNS for device).

William Halfhand. Name.

Yin Mei Li. Acceptance of transfer of heraldic title Double Quaterfoyle Herald from Artemisia, Kingdom of.

ATENVELDT

Anna Ophelia Holloway. Reblazon of device. Per bend sinister Or and argent, a Javanese peacock feather bendwise sinister and a Javanese peacock contourny, tail spread, vert marked proper.

Registered in February 1984 with the blazon Per bend sinister Or and argent, a Javanese peacock feather bendwise sinister and a Javanese peacock pavonated to sinister vert, marked proper, the term pavonated simply means "colored like a peacock". This peacock is in its default posture, per the LoAR of August 2003. Please see the Cover Letter for more details on blazoning peacocks.

Beatrice Fayrwether of York. Device. Per chevron azure mullety argent and gules, a chevron Or and in base a cockatoo close argent.

The use of the cockatoo is a step from period practice: the cockatoo is native to Indonesia, Australia, New Guinea and other South Pacific islands and therefore falls under the same strictures as other non-European fauna.

Brenna Bisset. Name and device. Per fess azure and sable, a dolphin naiant and an artist's palette argent.

This name combines Italian and English; this is one step from period practice.

Carlos Cervantes. Name and device. Per pale gules and argent, two bones crossed in saltire surmounted by a skull, a bordure potenty all per pale argent and sable.

There was some question whether the byname Cervantes could be registered without the preposition de. The name of the 16th C author and humanist, Francisco Cervantes de Salazar, appears in the title of a book published in 1546 (this is the listing in OCLC FirstSearch (WorldCat), [http://www.library.cmu.edu/Search/DB/fs_worldcat.html] showing a holding of the original manuscript): Obras q Francisco Ceruantes de Salazar ha hecho, glosado, y traduzido. La primera es la introducio y camino: para la sabiduria, dode se declara que cosa sea y se ponen grandes auisos para la vida humana compuesta en latin por el excelete varon, Luys Viues, buelta en Castellano, con muchas adiciones que al proposito hazian por Francisco Ceruantes de Salazar. La segunda es el Appologia de la ociosidad y el trabajo, intitulado Labricio Portundo, donde se trata con marauilloso estilo delos grandes males dela ociosidad, y por el contrario de los prouechos y bienes del trabajo. Compuesto por el Protonotario Luys Mexia glosado y moralizado por Fracisco Ceruantes de Salazar. La tercera es un Dialogo dela dignidad del hombre, donde por manera de disputa se trata de las gradezas y marauillas que ay en el hobre, y por el cotrario de sus trabajos y miserias, começado por el maestro Oliua y acabado por Fracisco Ceruates de Salazar. (Roughly translated "Works which Francisco Ceruantes de Salazar has done, glossed, and translated. The first is the introduction and road: for the wisdom, where it is declared what things are and in which are put great advice for human life composed in Latin for the excellent man, Luys Viues, translated into Castillian, with many additions which of course were made by Francisco Ceruantes de Salazar. The second is the Apology for the idleness and the work, titled Labricio Portundo, which describes with marvelous style the great wrongs of idleness, and for the contrary par the advantages and goods of work. Composed by the Protonotary Luys Mexia, glossed and moralized by Fracisco Ceruantes de Salazar, The third is a Dialogue of the Dignity of Man, where through a disputation it treats with the great things and marvels which are in mankind, and to the contrary of their works and miseries, begun by the master Oliua and finished by Fracisco Ceruates de Salazar.") This demonstrates the use of the byname Cervantes without the article.

Catarine MacFadyen. Name.

Submitted as Catarine MacFayden, the byname is an undated sub-header spelling from Black, The Surnames of Scotland. Undated header spellings in this source are only registerable if they can be shown to be consistent with period spellings. In this case, we have no examples of the byname in which the y or yogh (shown in Black as a z) precede the d until the citation for Katherine McPhyden in 1769. However, there is ample evidence for the y or yogh following the d; Black lists McFadyeane 1457, M'Fadzeane 1473, and Macfadzane 1507. Given this, the spelling MacFadyen should be consistent with period forms. We have changed the name to Catarine MacFadyen in order to register it.

Crispin del More. Name and device. Sable, a chalice Or and a chief embattled erminois.

Submitted as Chrispen del More, the submitter requested an authentic 14th C English name. Reaney and Wilson, s.n Crispin, shows the spelling Crispin in 1336. We have changed the name to Crispin del More to fulfill the submitter's authenticity request. We note that the name is registerable as originally submitted. The spelling Chrispen is dated to 1620 in Abstracts of Wills in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury at Somerset House, London, England, Church of England Province of Canterbury, Prerogative Court, James Henry Lea editor. We have not found any earlier examples of this spelling; we doubt it is suitable for a 14th C name.

Elizabeth Æthelwulfes dohtor. Name.

Submitted as Elizabeth Æthelwulf, there is no evidence that the Old English name Æthelwulf survived into a time appropriate for Middle English. While the submitter cites Speculum: A Journal of Mediaeval Studies, "Stephen's Shaftesbury Charter: Another Case Against Willim of Malmesbury," Robert B. Patterson, (Vol. XLIII, No., 3, July 1968) which notes an Aethelwulf, Bishop of Carlisle, who is a witness who attested the charter around 1135-6, an examination of the article reveal that this is in a footnote that lists modernized names of charter signers. Where the article cites names as they appear on the charter, the names are universally in Latin form. While there is evidence of a bishop named Æthelwulf in 1135, it is not evidence of the spelling Aethelwulf. We have found no later citation of the name. Therefore, we must consider the byname an Old English name. Because we have no evidence of unmarked Old English patronymic bynames, we must mark this patronymic to make it registerable. We have changed the name to Elizabeth Æthelwulfes_dohtor in order to register it.

The submitter requested an authentic name. We cannot make this name authentic, because we have no evidence that the patronym survived until the time when the given name came into use. For an authentic name, we suggest that the submitter select an Old English given name or else a Middle English byname.

Errica de Creau. Reblazon of device. Pean, in bend a decrescent and a peacock contourny argent.

Registered in August 1985 with the blazon Pean, in bend a decrescent and a peacock close contourny pavonated to base argent, the term pavonated simply means "colored like a peacock". This peacock is in its default posture, per the LoAR of August 2003. Please see the Cover Letter for more details on blazoning peacocks.

Fróði Farmansson. Name and device. Per saltire Or and sable, an open book argent and on a chief sable an arrow Or.

Submitted as Frodi Farmannson, the submitter requested an authentic 10th C Old Norse name. The source for the given name, Haraldson, The Old Norse Name, shows the form Fróði. In addition, the grammar of the patronymic is incorrect. To form a genitive from the name Farmann, the second n is changed to an s. We have changed the name to Fróði Farmansson to correct the grammar and fulfill his request for authenticity.

Julianna Wilkins. Name.

Katerina of Hamberg. Name and device. Per fess rayonny argent and sable, three natural seahorses azure and a Catherine wheel Or.

Submitted as Katerina of Hamburg, the submitter requested an authentic name. As the name is entirely English, an authentic English form appears to be what is wanted. Bardsley, A Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames s.n. Hamburger, lists a Reginald le Hamberger in 1273. Given this, we would expect to see a German woman with this name listed in English documents as Katerina of Hamberg; we have made this change.

Morgaina Sarai la Foncée. Reblazon of device. Sable, a peacock, tail spread, maintaining in its beak a lotus with seed pod argent, slipped and leaved vert.

Registered in April 1983 with the blazon Sable, a peacock close maintaining in its beak a lotus with seed pod argent, slipped and leaved vert, the fact that the peacock's tail is spread was not blazoned. Please see the Cover Letter for more details on blazoning peacocks.

Morgan Æthelwulfes sunu. Name and device. Sable, a mullet of four points throughout between four horses rampant, those in dexter contourny Or.

Submitted as Morgan Æthelwulf, there is no evidence that the Old English name Æthelwulf survived into a time appropriate for Middle English. While the submitter cites Speculum: A Journal of Mediaeval Studies, "Stephen's Shaftesbury Charter: Another Case Against Willim of Malmesbury," Robert B. Patterson, (Vol. XLIII, No., 3, July 1968) which notes an Aethelwulf, Bishop of Carlisle, who is a witness who attested the charter around 1135-6, an examination of the article reveal that this is in a footnote that lists modernized names of charter signers. Where the article cites names as they appear on the charter, the names are universally in Latin form. While there is evidence of a bishop named Æthelwulf in 1135, it is not evidence of the spelling Aethelwulf. We have found no later citation of the name. Therefore, we must consider the byname an Old English name. Because we have no evidence of unmarked Old English patronymic bynames, we must mark this patronymic to make it registerable. We have changed the name to Morgan Æthelwulfes_sunu in order to register it.

The submitter requested an authentic name. We cannot make this name authentic, because we have no evidence that Old English and Welsh names were ever commingled. While it is clear that the cultures who spoke these languages had substantial contact, barring documentation for names mixing these two languages, such mixtures are a step from period practice.

Richard Frogenhall. Device. Per pale Or and argent, a fox's mask sable and a bordure embattled azure.

Þyri ingen Aedain ui Rigain. Name and device. Per fess Or and sable, two bows nocked with arrows and drawn, strings to center, and a ram's head couped counterchanged.

Submitted as Thyra ingen Aedain ui Rigain, as submitted the name is not registerable. The name combines Middle Irish with a modern English or Middle Danish spelling of an Old Danish name. While the submitter documented Thyra as the name of the wife of Gorm the Old, king of Denmark in the 10th C, which would suggest the name is Old Norse, the spelling Thyra is the standard modern English form for this name; we have found no examples of this spelling earlier than the 15th C. In fact, the earliest date we have found for the spelling Thyra as a personal name is in 1404, in Gunner Knudsen, Danmarks gamle Personnavne, column 1444. Þyri, an Old Norse form for this name is found in Haraldson, The Old Norse Name. We have changed the name to Þyri ingen Aedain ui Rigain in order to register it.

The submitter requested an authentic 10th C Norse/Irish name. While it is true that a person from the 10th C might have borne a name whose parts were etymologically Norse and Irish/Gaelic, the name would be spelled and pronounced in entirely Norse forms in Norse language contexts and in entirely Gaelic language forms in Gaelic contexts. As we have neither Irish equivalent forms for the given name, nor Norse equivalent forms for the bynames, we cannot suggest an authentic form for this name.

ATLANTIA

Amye Elizabeth Barrington. Device. Purpure, on an apothecary jar argent a frog vert.

Cassie Charlesworth. Device. Gules, two narwhals haurient embowed respectant ermine, horns in saltire, Or.

Catalina Riquel de Luna. Name and device. Sable, a winged stag rampant contourny and in sinister chief a moon in its plenitude argent.

Crois Brigte, Canton of. Badge. Gules semy of Saint Brigid's crosses argent.

Deirdre of Lochmere. Name change from Deirdre of Cres and device change. Or, a wolf and a stag salient respectant and on a chief gules three suns Or.

This name mixes Gaelic and English; this is one step from period practice.

Her old name, Deirdre of Cres, is released.

Her previous device, Per pale wavy argent, ermined gules, and azure, in fess a harp reversed sable and a feather palewise argent, is released.

Elisabeth Hänsler. Name.

Emelyn Pacok. Reblazon of device. Purpure, a peacock tergiant, head to dexter and tail spread argent.

Registered in November 1998 with the blazon Purpure, a peacock pavonated to base, a bordure argent, the term pavonated simply means "colored like a peacock". The original blazon has the peacock facing to dexter, but its back is actually to the viewer. Please see the Cover Letter for more details on blazoning peacocks.

Fionnabhair inghean Mhacdha. Name.

Submitted as Fionnabhair inghean Macdha, Gaelic grammar requires that the M in Macdha be lenited. We have changed the name to Fionnabhair inghean Mhacdha to correct the grammar.

Gaius Tascius Severus Fabianus. Device. Gules, a vol conjoined to a vol inverted between in pale a torc and a torc inverted, all within a bordure embattled Or.

Please advise the submitter to draw the vols larger as befits primary charges.

Gayla atte Blacwoulfe. Name and device. Per pale purpure and Or, a cross fleury between three crescents counterchanged.

This name mixes German and English; this is one step from period practice.

Ilaria de la Mere. Device. Argent, a mare rampant, on a bordure sable three crosses crosslet argent.

Janina Krakowska. Device change. Sable mulletty of six points, a Jara rune argent within a bordure compony argent and sable.

The submitter's previous device, Sable, in fess the Jara rune and a mullet of six points elongated to base, all within a bordure argent, is released.

Jean Maurice le Marinier. Device. Purpure, a seahorse contourny between three fleurs-de-lys Or.

Johanna von Eichstat. Name.

Kanamori no Tatsume. Name.

There is a nearly 800 year gap between the 16th C date for the given name and the 8th C date for the family name; this is one step from period practice.

Karl von Lindenheim. Badge. Argent, on a linden leaf vert within an annulet purpure a German fraktur capital letter "L" argent.

Katharin Ann Muir. Device. Per bend vert and sable, a greyhound passant and a base Or.

The submitter has permission to conflict with Rycharde Muir, Per bend sable and vert, a greyhound passant and a base Or.

Klaus von Rügen. Name.

Mavis M'Encrogh. Device. Per bend invected vert and argent, a tree eradicated counterchanged.

This was originally pended on the September 2006 LoAR.

Roibeard Mac Oscair. Name.

Roussel Tavernier. Name.

Rycharde Muir. Device. Per bend sable and vert, a greyhound passant and a base Or.

The submitter has permission to conflict with Katharin Ann Muir, Per bend vert and sable, a greyhound passant and a base Or.

Simon d'Este da Mantua. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Tannis of Tir-y-Don. Reblazon of badge. Argent, a peacock reguardant proper.

Registered in September 1993 with the blazon Argent, a peacock passant reguardant pavonated to base proper, the term pavonated simply means "colored like a peacock". This peacock is in its default posture, per the LoAR of August 2003. Please see the Cover Letter for more details on blazoning peacocks.

CAID

Aaron Direidus. Reblazon of device. Sable, a cock hardy wings addorsed Or between three blonde ladies' heads facing dexter proper.

This was registered in May 1994 with the blazon Sable, a cock hardy wings elevated and addorsed Or between three ladies heads couped proper. According to the Glossary of Terms a feminine head faces affronty by default, while masculine heads face to dexter. We have reblazoned this to correct the orientation of the ladies' heads and to clarify their tincture.

Agnes von Ravensburg. Name.

Anica von Ravensburg. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Anica is the submitter's legal given name.

Anne Hawkwood. Name.

Brut von Köln. Badge. Argent, a cross potent throughout sable and on a chief paly Or and gules four towers sable.

Cormac Mór. Transfer of badge to Kathleen Kilpatrick. Sable, an open book argent between three pairs of torches in saltire argent flamed Or.

Cormac Mór. Badge. (Fieldless) A brown bear's head erased proper.

The submitter has permission to conflict with the device of Duncan Graeme, Tierced per pall azure, or, and argent, overall a grizzly bear's head erased proper [Ursus horibilis]. Duncan's device has been reblazoned below as Per pall azure, Or, and argent, a grizzly bear's head erased proper.

Deirdre inghean Chárthaigh. Name.

Submitted as Dierdre Mac Cárthaigh, the name has two problems. First, the spelling Dierdre is unattested; the attested spelling is Deirdre. Second, Gaelic patronymics are literal, so the particle Mac "son" is inappropriate for a feminine name. Instead, the particle ingen (for Middle Gaelic) or inghean (for Early Modern Irish) is appropriate for a feminine name. In addition, Gaelic grammar requires the C in Cárthaigh be lenited. We have change the name to Deirde inghean Chárthaigh in order to register it and to correct the grammar.

Duncan Graeme. Reblazon of device. Per pall azure, Or, and argent, a grizzly bear's head erased proper.

This was registered in August 1979 with the blazon Tierced per pall azure, or, and argent, overall a grizzly bear's head erased proper. [Ursus horribilis]. The term overall refers to a charge placed such that it overlies another charge while also lying on the field; as there is only a single charge in this device, overall is not an appropriate term. We have reblazoned this, and dropped the Linnean species, in accordance with current SCA heraldic practices.

Elisabeth Goodchilde. Device change. Pean, a stag trippant erminois.

The submitter's previous device, Purpure, a unicorn passant and in chief three eagle's heads erased argent all armed Or, is retained as a badge.

Eric Hawkwood. Name and device. Per pale invected vert and argent, a yale rampant and a goblet counterchanged.

Eric was documented as an English name from Withycombe, The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names, s.n. Eric. According to this source, the spelling Eric is modern. However, Sveriges medeltida personnamn, s.n. Erik, has an Eric Michielson in 1463. This means that the name as submitted is registerable but a step from period practice as a mixture of Swedish and English.

This was blazoned as per pale engrailed on the LoI; the line of division is actually per pale invected. Please see the March 2006 Cover Letter for a discussion on invected and engrailed. We are not pending this for further conflict checking as a significant number of commenters noted that they had conflict checked with the correct line of division.

Gwendolyn Corso di Bastia. Reblazon of device. Gules, in pale a peacock perched atop a needle fesswise reversed argent, a bordure argent mullety gules.

Registered in February 1990 with the blazon Gules, a peacock perched atop a needle fesswise, eye to sinister, argent, within a bordure argent, mulletty gules, the original blazon did not clearly indicate the size of the needle. This peacock is in its default posture, per the LoAR of August 2003. Please see the Cover Letter for more details on blazoning peacocks.

Ivan of Summergate. Holding name and device (see PENDS for name). Argent, three wolves courant sable and on a chief gules three arrows palewise argent.

Submitted under the name Ivan Batu.

Ivan of Summergate. Badge. Per bend gules and argent, a wolf courant sable between in pale two arrows palewise counterchanged.

Submitted under the name Ivan Batu.

Jessica the Clark. Device. Argent, a cat sejant regardant sable and in base three roses purpure barbed and seeded proper.

Karsten Peternell von Oberstein. Name and device. Purpure, two harps and a natural seahorse argent.

We note that, although the submitter is female, this name is a masculine name. However, the client noted that she didn't care about the gender of the name.

Kathleen Kilpatrick. Name and acceptance of transfer of device from Cormac Mór. Sable, an open book argent between three pairs of torches in saltire argent flamed Or.

Kathleen is SCA-compatible. There was some question whether there was a step from period practice for mixing an SCA-compatible English or Scots name with an Anglicized Gaelic byname. In fact, while the etymology of Kilpatrick may be Gaelic in origin, the submitter demonstrated its use in a Scots context as a true locative byname. Therefore, this name is registerable as submitted.

Previously registered as a badge to Cormac, this is now Kathleen's device.

Philip Quartermaine. Name.

Róis ni Brian. Name.

Submitted as Róisín ni Brian, the name Róisín is not registerable. Precedent states:

Submitted as Róisín ingen uí Fhlaithbertaig, Ó Corráin & Maguire (p. 157 s.n. Róis) say "Róisín is a popular diminutive form." While Róis is dated to the 16th C, no dates are given for the form Róisín. Given that Róis only appears in Irish Gaelic in the 16th C, it is highly unlikely that it formed diminutives in period. In their statement, Ó Corráin & Maguire use the present tense, "is a popular diminutive form." This phrasing is significant because they use the past tense when discussing forms dated as late as the 19th C (s.n. Máire). Therefore, Róisín must be assumed to be a modern diminutive form. Barring evidence that Róisín was used in period, it is not registerable. We have changed the given name to the documented Róis in order to register the name. As the submitter requested authenticity for Irish, we have changed the byname to use Early Modern Irish Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) spellings in order to be consistent with the given name Róis. [Róis inghean uí Fhlaithbheartaigh, 05/2002, A-Caid]

We have changed the name to Róis ni Brian in order to register it.

This name mixes a Gaelic given name with an Anglicized Gaelic patronymic; this is one step from period practice. If the name was recorded in an English document, we would expect a fully Anglicized form of the name; if it appeared in a Gaelic document, there would be no need to Anglicize the patronymic. If the submitter is interested in a fully Irish form of this name, we suggest Róis inghean Bhriain.

Summergate, Canton of. Device change. Per chevron Or and azure, two laurel wreaths vert and on a sun Or a portcullis azure.

The canton's previous arms, Per chevron Or and vert, two laurel wreaths vert and in base on a sun Or a corral gate proper, are released.

Viviana le Pryce. Reblazon of badge. Argent, a peacock, tail spread, proper within a bordure purpure semy-de-lys Or.

Registered in September 1998 with the blazon Argent, a peacock pavonated to base proper within a bordure purpure semy-de-lys Or, the term pavonated simply means "colored like a peacock". Please see the Cover Letter for more details on blazoning peacocks.

CALONTIR

Aelfreda o Lyn Ewig. Badge. Azure, a stag's head couped between in fess a decrescent and an increscent argent.

Æthelræd æt Blæcmore. Device. Per pale azure and Or, a chevron cotised between three lozenges counterchanged.

Please advise the submitter to draw the cotises wider.

Áine Finnólfsdottir. Device. Azure, a pegasus passant argent, a chief Or semy of trefoils vert.

Albrecht von Salzburg. Device. Azure, a chevron embattled between three winged roundels within a bordure embattled argent.

Alison Maclachlane. Name and device. Azure, a bee Or between three thistles argent.

The given name was originally submitted as Alison, and changed at kingdom to Alisson to match the available documentation on Scots names. However, Effric Neyn Ken3ocht Mcherrald notes, "The Dictionary of the Scots Language (DSL -<http://www.dsl.ac.uk/>), DSL-DOST s.v. Vertu(o)us, -e(o)us, -(e)wis, Virtuo(u)s, adj. (adv.). quotes "To the right honourable and vertuous ladie, Alison Sandilands, Lady of Hormistoun", dated 1584 (citing Knox III 433)." Given this dated citation, we have changed the given name back to the originally submitted form.

Angelina Gerebrand. Name.

This name mixes English and German; this is one step from period practice.

Aranwen Bengrek. Name and device. Or, issuant from base a dragon's head breathing fire gules, on a chief triangular azure a demi-sun issuant from chief Or.

Current precedent holds that Aranwen is registerable as a 12th C literary form of a 5th C semi-legendary name:

Aranwen ferch Dafydd Mawr Submitted as Arianwen ferch Dafydd Mawr, the spelling Arianwen is a 20th C revival of a name found in a fairly different form in the 5th C. We have no examples of how the name appeared at the time it was actually in use. We did find a form of this name in a 12th C genealogy included in J. Gwenogvryn Evans, The Text of the Book of Llan Dav; this source shows the spelling Aranwen. Given that this is a name used by humans in a written record, we will give the submitter the benefit of the doubt that the form Aranwen might have been adopted for use in the 12th C as a literary name. However, barring documentation that some person actually bore this name later than the 5th C and earlier than 1650, the form Arianwen is no longer registerable.

However, upon further consideration, we feel that this precedent is in error. First, the name is found in a genealogical record. While we use these records to show that a particular name was in use at a particular time, we do not use it for spellings for anything but contemporary names, nor do we generally allow names from such records under the literary name citation. Given this, barring documentation that the name that gave rise to the modern Arianwen was found in the Middle Welsh period or later, neither Arianwen nor Aranwen (a 12th C spelling of a 5th C name) is registerable. However, because the submitter made a good faith effort to comply with precedent set shortly before this name was submitted, we feel that it would be a hardship to return this name. This precedent applies to all future submissions of this name.

Originally submitted as Arianwen Bengrek ferch Duncatus, Harpy provides information about a possible Old Welsh form for this name:

The information cited from Black regarding Dunocatus isn't entirely complete. The inscribed Glenusk/Crickhollow stone (CISP code CRCKH1, see<http://www.ucl.ac.uk/archaeology/cisp/database>) has two inscriptions, one Ogham and one Latin, although the two contain related texts. Note that the stone is physically located in Wales although the inscription suggests a Gaelic context. The name Dunocatus appears only in the Latin inscription:

TVRPILLI IC IACIT PVVERI TRILVNI DUNOCATI -- here lies Turpillus, boy (servant) of Trilunus (son) of Dunocatus

The Ogham is more fragmentary but the readings revolve around something like:

TURPIL ... LUNI

The CISP site dates the stone on paleographic grounds to the 6th century.

In terms linguistic origins, Turpillus and Trilunus are both of Latin origin. Dunocatus has cognates in both Goedelic and Brythonic, as evidenced by later Gaelic Dunchad and Old Welsh Dincat (in the book of Llandav). Arguments about whether the inscription here represents a Gaelic name hinge both on the assumption that Ogham inscriptions are produced by Gaelic speakers and on whethera 6th c. Brythonic evolution of the name would still retain "u" in the first syllable.

In any event, at worst, a minor spelling change could resolve the question, if one leans towards the position that a 6th c. Welsh form would need to be more along the lines of Dinocatus.

The historic context for the bearer of Arianwen and for Dunocatus are quite close, but both are significantly removed from the 13-14th c. context when we find examples of Pengrych as a byname. If I were working directly with the submitter, I'd look into resolving the issue in favor of a Latinized Old Welsh form like Arganguen filia Dinocati, but that's a fairly significant set of changes (within the context of being linguistically equivalent).

References:

Bartrum, P. C. 1966. Early Welsh Genealogical Tracts. University of Wales Press, Cardiff.

<http://www.ucl.ac.uk/archaeology/cisp/database>(Celtic Inscribed Stones Project -- site has frames so a more specific url cannot be provided)

Given this, the submitter may wish to consider submitting the Old Welsh Arganguen filia Dinocati.

Cadlae Locha Erne. Device. Vert, on a bend argent between two apples Or, three arrows inverted vert.

Batonvert noted:

The apples are drawn as a modern breed of apple, in this case Golden Delicious. Period apples in heraldry, so far as I can tell, were drawn rounder than this: cf. the arms of Holzapfel (Siebmacher 134), with perfectly round apples, or the arms of Harlewin (Guillim 146), with ovoid apples (like chicken eggs). None have the heart-shaped cross section of the Delicious varietal, which is 19th Century, and which is depicted here.

The Rules for Submission, section VII.4 states:

Period Flora and Fauna. - Flora and fauna that were known in the period and domain of the Society may be registered in armory.

Hybrids or mutations of period forms known to have been developed after 1600 generally may not be used as charges. For example, the English Sheepdog may not be used in Society armory because it was developed after 1600.

The question raised is thus whether or not these apples are compatible with period apples or if they must be returned as a post-period variety. With regards to dogs, Laurel ruled in December 2002:

Lyn the Inquisitive. Device. Azure, a dog sejant guardant argent spotted sable within a bordure argent lozengy sable.

Many commenters noted the similarity of this emblazon to the Dalmatian breed of dog, and questioned whether that breed was period. Clarion stated:

Dalmatians are probably a period breed, there is a mention of spotted dogs in an Elizabethan Journal (National Geographic Book of Dogs). As the shape of the dog resembles a Dalmatian, we might as well use it. I would still give its color as argent spotted sable, especially as modern Dalmatians can have brown spots as well.

This is sufficient evidence to allow this sort of depiction of a dog in SCA heraldry, as the type of dog is compatible with period types of dog. Because the submitter originally blazoned this dog simply as a dog argent spotted sable rather than a Dalmatian argent spotted sable we will continue to blazon it as a dog.

In an analogous manner, if the apples depicted in this submission are compatible with period apples, they should be registerable. Metron Ariston wrote:

I seem to recall a previous submission with apples where the submitter was told to draw the apples rounder, presumably under the impression that all period apples were round like the modern pippins. I am not at all sure that that is a reasonable assumption, however, as a number of the apples appearing in Hieronymus Bosch's very famous "Garden of Earthly Delights" are less than totally round. As the variety of cultivars even in ancient Rome exceeded three dozen (see Pliny's Natural History) and the variety of apples discussed in medieval agricultural sources runs to something like double that, I would be very surprised indeed if all period apples were truly spherical.

As it happens, one site devoted to historical apples notes "The old Romans enjoy the honor of giving apple culture a great stride forward, introducing 40 varieties, among them the apple extant today has the greatest antiquity. Pomme d' Apis. Around 1600 the French pomologist Oliver de Serres wrote that this apple was mentioned by Pliny the Elder in his first century work Historia Naturalis as the apple brought to Rome from the Pelaponessus by Claudius Appius. During the Renaissance this most cherished little red and gold apple became known as the LADY APPLE, which the ladies of the French nobility carried in their pockets 'by reason they yield no unpleasant scent'. . . . Another apple believed to date from Roman days is COURT PENDU PLAT, a flat roundish apple which grows tight against the branch like a peach, which the French pomologist LeRoy said 'has an aftertaste of musky anise deliciously perfuming the mouth.' . . . In 1627, Le Lectier the procurer to King Louis XIII, first recorded CALVILLE BLANC, which he grew in the royal gardens at Orleans south of Paris, although it was known centuries earlier. Long portrayed in Impressionist still life paintings. This large yellow apple with white flesh, has a delicious spicy banana-like flavor that makes it one of the finest for dessert at the dinner table, although it requires some mellowing after picking." (www.tree-mendus.com/articles/apples_thru_time.html)

Given Metron Ariston's comments, we will grant the submitter the benefit of the doubt that the submitted apples are plausible variation of period apples.

Calontir, Kingdom of. Badge for Calontir Cooks Guild. Purpure, a cross of Calatrava and on a chief Or, three cooking pots purpure.

Calontir Cooks Guild is a generic identifier.

Catarina Veronese. Device. Per pale invected argent and sable, two daggers in chevron counterchanged, a mount gules.

Cécille Cerise of Cherybeare. Device. Or, a cherry gules double slipped each leaved vert, an orle of gouttes sable.

This was originally pended on the September 2006 LoAR.

Cellach of Flinthyll. Holding name and device (see PENDS for name). Per chevron embattled purpure and Or, two horses combatant argent and a tower sable.

Submitted under the name Cellach Thorn

Charles of Westermark. Device. Argent, a pall dovetailed sable between a dagger gules and two pine trees couped vert.

Conchobhar mac an Druaidh. Name and device. Argent, on a pile throughout between two Maltese crosses sable, a horse salient argent.

Submitted as Conchobhar mac an Druaid, the documentation, Woulfe, Irish Names and Surnames, shows a punctum delens over the second d in the patronymic. It is standard SCA practice to record Gaelic names in all Roman characters; this character would be transcribed as dh. We have changed the name to Conchobhar mac an Druaidh to match the documentation.

Cormacc mac Conaill. Name and device. Sable, a bordure argent.

This name is not a conflict with Cormac MacCumail. The sound of the Conaill (\COHN-ahl\) is significantly different from Cumail (\COOV-ahl\), and they are different enough in appearance that confusion is unlikely.

Nice armory.

Deidra of Bonwicke. Device change. Per saltire sable and purpure, a cat sejant guardant contourny between three roses argent.

The submitter's previous device, Per saltire purpure and sable, a cat sejant guardant contourny between three roses argent, is released.

Diarmait mac Domnaill. Name and device. Bendy sinister azure and argent, a tierce azure.

Technically, this name is not in conflict with Diarmaid McConnell, registered February 2003. McConnell is an Anglicized (or Scots) form of the Gaelic mac Dhomhnaill, and per the Cover Letter for the April 2002 LoAR, "if the two byname phrases (1) differ significantly in sound and appearance, and (2) are in different languages, the two byname phrases are clear." The name mac Domnaill is Middle Gaelic, so the question is whether these two bynames differ significantly in sound and appearance. While the pronunciation of the Early Modern Irish form of this name, mac Domhnaill is approximately \mac DOH-n@ll\, and is an aural conflict with McConnell, the Middle Gaelic form is \mac DOH-ve-n@l\. Effric Neyn Ken3ocht Mcherrald notes:

Into at least the early 14th century, the Gaelic pronunciation was very roughly "mahk DOVE-nahl" (with "DOVE" pronounced very roughly like the English word <dove>). This "v" pronunciation can be seen from how the Gaelic name was rendered in various other languages: Black, s.n. DONALD, notes that "in the twelfth and first half of the thirteenth century the spelling of the name (omitting the Latin ending-us) occurs as Dofnald, Dofnalt, Douenald, Douunald, Dufenald, Duuenald, and in 1255 Devenold. In the Norse Orkneyinga Saga the name occurs as Dufnjáll". (Note that <u> was commonly used in medieval Latin orthography to represent a consonantal "v" sound.) Similarly, there are a number of early 14th century Latin examples illustrating the pronunciation in A.A.M. Duncan, ed., Regesta Regum Scottorum V: The Acts of Robert I (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1988), including:

Douenald abbatis de Brechin 1313

Douenaldi abbatis de Brechin 1322

Dofnaldus de Mar 1328

Douenaldo comiti de Marre 1329

Thus, the difference between <mac Domnaill> and <McConnell> includes not only a difference between the sounds "d" and "k", but also the the presence of a "v" sound in <mac Domnaill> that does not exist in <McConnell>

This is sufficient difference in sound to avoid conflict, and the patronymics are significantly different in appearance. We note that it is likely that the ordinary SCA member will use the Early Modern Irish pronunciation for this name. However, for matters of conflict, we should not consider mispronunciations, just as we do not consider what parts of a submitted name we believe the submitter will actually use. We do request that the submitter be informed of the correct pronunciation of his name, and we would hope he would be consistent in using the correct pronunciation.

Dylan of Vatavia. Holding name and device. Per bend sinister vert and azure, on a Celtic cross Or a sword azure.

Submitted under the name Dylan the Scot, that name was returned May 2006.

This was originally pended on the September 2006 LoAR.

Ferdinand of Strasburg. Name and device. Azure, in bend three mallets between two bendlets all between two pairs of compasses argent.

Francis Bean. Name.

Gaius Cornelius Ursus. Name and device. Quarterly vert and argent, two fasces vert.

Giudo di Niccolo Brunelleschi. Badge. Purpure, a pale argent surmounted a slip of willow bendwise sinister throughout Or.

This was originally pended on the September 2006 LoAR.

Gotfridus von Schwaben. Alternate name Kumagaya Yatarou Morimoto.

The submitter requested authenticity for Muromachi period in Japan. However, while the LoI noted that the submitter was interested in this period, it did not specifically note the authenticity request. Had the name not already been authentic for the requested language/time period, we would have been forced to pend this name for further commentary.

Hywela Frech ferch Wyddel. Badge. (Fieldless) A griffin's head erased vert.

Nice badge.

Ian Maclean. Name.

Ian is an SCA-compatible Scots given name.

Iphis Psellina. Name.

Kit Fox. Name change from Fujiwara no Kitsume and device change. Or, on a chevron azure three crosses fleury Or.

Her old name, Fujiwara no Kitsume, is retained as an alternate name.

Nice device.

Her previous device, Argent, in fess three cedar trees eradicated purpure and a base wavy barry wavy purpure and argent, is released.

Kit Fox. Household name Jacht Vliegende Vos.

Submitted as _Vliegende Vos, this household name, based on a ship name meaning "flying fox", lacks the required designator. The article used to document the elements, Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Names of Ships in the VOC between 1595 and 1650" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/other/vocships.html) of this name notes a number of different types of ships: jachten (yachts), pinasen, and fluiten (flutes), and galjooten (galiot). Any of these would be fine designators. We have changed the name to Jacht Vliegende Vos in order to register it.

Kit Fox. Badge. (Fieldless) A human skeleton affronty head to dexter sustaining and blowing a straight trumpet argent.

Kit Fox. Blanket permission to conflict with name Kit Fox.

Kjartan Hreinsson. Name and device. Argent goutty de vin, a sun in splendor azure.

The submitter requested an authentic Old Icelandic name; this request was not summarized on the LoI. Both elements of this name appear in the Landnámabók, indicating that this is a fine Old Icelandic name. Had the name not been substantially authentic as submitted, we would have been forced to pend this name for further research.

Maria Corva. Name and device. Quarterly azure and vert, a rudder Or.

Mathias Blackwell. Name.

The submitter requested an authentic English name, but this request was not summarized on the LoI. Had the name not already been an authentic 16th C English name, we would have been forced to pend this for further commentary.

Nice 16th C English name!

Mikhail Nikolaevich Kramolnikov. Badge. Lozengy Or and vert semy of patriarchal crosses Or.

This was originally pended on the September 2006 LoAR.

Mikhail Nikolaevich Kramolnikov. Augmentation. Per saltire Or and vert semy of patriarchal crosses Or, two kraken vert and for augmentation, on an escutcheon overall purpure a cross of Calatrava Or within a bordure ermine.

This augmentation does not conflict with the device of Bianca Fioretta da Ravenna, Purpure, a cross moline disjointed, a bordure Or. There is a CD for changing the tincture of the bordure and another for the difference between a cross moline disjointed and a cross of Calatrava.

The submitter has permission to conflict with the Calonitr badge, Purpure, a cross of Calatrava Or.

This was originally pended on the September 2006 LoAR.

Nymandus vom Weidehügel. Name and device. Vert, in pale an anchor Or and a cloud argent.

Submitted as Nymandus von Weide_Hügel, the submitter provided documentation for the byname as a topographic descriptive but not as a proper placename. In this case, either the prepositional phrase von dem or the contraction vom would be appropriate. In addition, the examples given show the elements combined, suggesting that Weidehügel is the appropriate form here. This is reinforced by the modern term weidehügel, which translates loosely as "pasture hill". We have changed the name to Nymandus vom Weidehügel to correct the grammar and match the documentation.

Órækja Ottarsson j Tunsbergi. Device change. Quarterly Or and vert, a cross gules between in bend two penguins close respectant proper.

The submitter's previous device, Quarterly Or and vert, a cross gules between two feathers bendwise sinister argent, is released.

Padraig mac Domhnaill. Name.

This submitter requested a name authentic for Scottish language/culture, but this request was not mentioned on the LoI. In addition, the patronymic was changed in kingdom from MacDomhnaill to mac Domhnaill without the reason for the change or a description of what had been changed being listed on the LoI. A full description of the checkboxes on the form, as well as a full description and reason for any changes that are made at kingdom must be included on the LoI. In this case, the change correctly put the name in the appropriate format for a Gaelic patronymic, which was also necessary to fulfill the submitter's authenticity request. Had this name not been authentic, we would have been forced to pend it for further commentary.

Roberto Carlos Dominguez. Badge. (Fieldless) Two wolves salient respectant argent sustaining a pretzel erminois.

This was originally pended on the September 2006 LoAR.

Róise ní Ullacháin. Badge. Sable, a pitcher within six mice couchant in annulo argent.

Saruca bint Dana Halil. Name.

Sean Chipendale. Name and device. Argent, a bend sinister dovetailed sable between two brown squirrels contourny proper.

This name mixes Gaelic and English; this is one step from period practice.

Sofya Rous. Name and device. Gules semy of acorns Or, an owl argent.

Submitted as Sofya la Rus, the documentation for the byname dates the form le Rus to the late 13th C. By precedent, though, parts of English/Russian names must be contemporary with the time Russian/English contact began in the mid-16th C or later:

The submitter documents period interaction between England and Russia: Ivan the Terrible took some pains to cultivate a friendly relationship with England. He chartered the London-based Muscovy Company in 1555 to set up trading depots throughout Muscovy (Basil Dmytryshyn, Medieval Russia: A Source Book, 900-1700), and himself sought to marry one of Queen Elizabeth's ladies (1911 E.Brit. , vol.xv, p.90). Henceforth, we will register English-Russian names from that period. [LoAR, March 1993]

The byname is documented from Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, s.n. Rous. Julian Goodwyn, "Brass Enscription Index" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/brasses) lists the name Rous in 1597, which is within the allowable period for English/Russian name combinations. We have changed the name to Sofya_Rous in order to register it. This name mixes English and Russian; this is one step from period practice.

Tareija de Tomar. Name.

The submitter requested an authentic 12th-14th C Portuguese name. However, the byname de Tomar is dated to the 16th C. We have been unable to find earlier examples of this name, although they are likely to exist somewhere. Therefore, we are unable to say whether this name is authentic as submitted.

Timoteo de Rivera. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Tristram Cynydd. Device. Or, a winged stag rampant within a bordure azure.

This was originally pended on the September 2006 LoAR.

Vasilla Anastasiia Krasnaia. Device change. Argent, a coney salient gules gorged of a coronet Or within a bordure rayonny gules.

The submitter's previous device, Per pale sable and argent, a hare rampant counterchanged, is retained as a badge.

The submitter is a court baroness and thus entitled to display a coronet.

This was originally pended on the September 2006 LoAR.

DRACHENWALD

Anna Syveken. Name change from holding name Anna of Two Seas.

Emoni de la Fère. Device. Per bend sable and barry argent and purpure, the sinister half of a fleur-de-lys bendwise issuant from the line of division argent.

The submitter provided examples of this armorial motif (the vertically divided fleur issuing from a per bend line of division) from Svenska Medeltids-vapen by Jan Raneke on p. 754, dating to 1473 and 1510.

Giano Balestriere. Device change. Chevronelly vert and argent, a bordure gules.

Please advise the submitter to draw the bordure wider.

The submitter's previous device, Vert, three crossbows uncocked argent, is retained as a badge.

Rachel di Efraim. Name.

The submitter requested an authentic 14th C Venetian/Jewish name. However, Albion notes that there were no Jews native to Venice in the 14th C:

A book I just got from the library, Ravid, Benjamin, Studies on the Jews of Venice, 1382-1797 (Aldershot: Ashgate Variorum, 2003), says on p. 182 that "Officially, no Jews resided in the city of Venice until 1382, when a charter was issued allowing moneylenders to engage in their trade in Venice for the following five years. Although that charter did not refer explicitly to Jews, it appears that virtually all those who took advantage of its terms were Jews, and in 1387, a ten-year charter came into effect specifically for the benefit of Jewish moneylenders. However, in 1394, three years before its expiration, the Senate decided not to renew it and ordered that upon its expiration in 1397, no Jew could remain in Venice for longer than fifteen days at a time. A few years later, in 1402, it was provided that upon the expiration of the fifteen-day period, a Jew could not return until four months had elapsed. Subsequently, exceptions were made for Jewish merchants and also doctors, who were allowed to stay for longer than fifteen days."

The name as represented here is a reasonable Italian name for a Jewish woman from Rome. There was some question whether the name Efraim was found in Italian contexts or only in Hebrew records from Rome. We believe it is a reasonable 16th C Italian form: "The Private Life of a Family of Jewish Bankers at Rome in the Sixteenth Century", by Attilio Milano in The Jewish Quarterly Review © 1939 notes on Efraim de Cameo who bid on a jus gazaga (essentially an inheritable lease on a rent-controlled property in the Roman ghetto) in the first part of the 17th C. The article indicates that the documents from which the specific names and happenings discussed therein are drawn are written in either Latin or Italian.

Robert Longshanks of Canterbury. Household name Manor of Long Whitney.

Submitted as Household of Long Whitney, no documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that the designator household was used with placenames (in particular, with compound placenames) to form a name for an organized group of people in period. The submitter presented Latin examples of English dwellings using the designator manerium, "manor" with a compound placename. Effrick Neyn Ken3ocht Mcherrald provided several Scots examples of the pattern manor + placename from her article "A Brief, Incomplete, and Rather Stopgap Article about European Household and Other Group Names Before 1600" (http://medievalscotland.org/names/eurohouseholds/englandmanors.shtml) including (1400) the manour of Calstoke and the manoir of Penkneth, (1422) manyr of Newenham in Asschedon, (1423) the maner of Sutton, (c1465) the manor of Estchaldefeld, and (1470) The manere of Tileshide. We have changed the name to Manor of Long Whitney in order to register it.

EALDORMERE

Marsha of Ealdormere. Reblazon of badge. (Fieldless) A peacock contourny proper.

Registered in March 2007 with the blazon (Fieldless) A peacock close to sinister proper, the peacock is in its default posture, per the LoAR of August 2003. Please see the Cover Letter for more details on blazoning peacocks.

EAST

Aoife Finn. Reblazon of device. Per bend sinister azure and argent, a narwhal haurient bendwise sinister and a peacock contourny within a bordure embattled counterchanged.

Registered in December 1993 with the blazon Per bend sinister azure and argent, a narwhal haurient bendwise sinister and a peacock pavanated contourny within a bordure embattled counterchanged, the term pavonated simply means "colored like a peacock". This peacock is in its default posture, per the LoAR of August 2003. Please see the Cover Letter for more details on blazoning peacocks.

Brokenbridge, Canton of. Device. Vert semy of bees Or marked sable, on a pale argent in pale a coney rampant and a laurel wreath vert.

This was originally pended on the September 2006 LoAR. While the color emblazon on OSCAR showed bees proper, the pend explicitly stated that the wings were Or not argent. The color mini-emblazon posted in OSCAR was the same one used on the original LoI; the outline mini-emblazon was unaffected by this error. Both copies of the form sent to the Laurel office had Or wings. As the scan was supplied by the East, we are unsure why the wings appeared argent, but when this was pended Wreath assumed that it was simply a scanning issue. For example, if a yellow highlighter had been used to color the wings but not the body, the posted scan would be the result. Since this mismatch in tinctures was the reason for the pend, we will not now return this device for the mismatch.

Galina Dragomirovna. Reblazon of device. Per chevron dovetailed ermine and sable, two peacocks reguardant azure and a sunburst Or issuant from a cloud argent.

Registered in May 1993 with the blazon Per chevron dovetailed ermine and sable, two peacocks pavonated to base reguardant azure and a sunburst Or issuant from a cloud argent, the term pavonated simply means "colored like a peacock". These peacocks are in their default posture, per the LoAR of August 2003. Please see the Cover Letter for more details on blazoning peacocks.

GLEANN ABHANN

Caoilinn inghean Riocaird. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Caoilinn inghean Riocard, the patronym is in the nominative rather than in the required genitive case. We have changed the name to Caoilinn inghean Riocaird to correct the grammar.

Egill Skorrason. Name change from Cristal of Windhaven (see RETURNS for badge).

His old name, Cristal of Windhaven, is retained as an alternate name.

Lorccán na Túaithe. Name.

This name mixes Middle Irish with Early Modern Irish; this is one step from period practice.

Rosalind bint Mihrimah. Name change from Rosalind O'Maughan.

Submitted as Rosalind Mihrimah Hatun, as submitted this name has two returnable problems. First, the element Hatun appears to be a form of address or title; we do not register titles or forms of address as part of personal names. The article used to document the element, Ursula Georges, "Sixteenth Century Turkish Names" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/ursula/ottoman/) says "Several people in this list were identified by titles such as Hatun, 'lady' or 'Mrs.', or Beg, 'provincial governor'." Dropping this element would be a major change, which the submitter will not accept.

Second, the interpretation of the pattern used to form the remaining name is troublesome. The name must be interpreted as either an unmarked metronymic or as a double given name. No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that metronymics, unmarked or otherwise, were found in period Turkish names, nor was evidence presented by submitter or commenters for unmarked patronymics in Turkish. While the submitter provides two examples of Turkish women's names that appear to be double given names, Esma Han and Nur Banu, these names are found transcribed in both these forms and as single words, Esmahan and Nurbanu. In particular, we believe it likely that Esma han is a single name with two parts; "han" is part of the overall meaning. Barring solid documentation for such practices, Turkish names using double given names or unmarked metronymics are not registerable.

While the submitter had originally indicated that she would not accept major changes, her kingdom submissions herald corresponded with her and discovered that she was willing to accept the form Rosalind bint Mihrimah if her submitted name was not registerable. This form combines English and Turkish in a single name, which is a step from period practice.

Small Gray Bear, Barony of. Branch name change from Small Grey Bear, Shire of the.

The old name, Small Grey Bear, Shire of the, is released. The elements small and bear, as well as the formation small + [color] + bear is grandfathered to the group.

MERIDIES

Eleanor de la Mare. Reblazon of device. Erminois, a peacock proper within a bordure wavy azure.

Registered in October 1989 with the blazon Erminois, a peacock pavanated proper within a bordure wavy azure, the term pavonated simply means "colored like a peacock". This peacock is in its default posture, per the LoAR of August 2003. Please see the Cover Letter for more details on blazoning peacocks.

MIDDLE

Andreas of the Middle. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per pale argent and sable, in pale three keys fesswise counterchanged.

Submitted under the name Andreas Eduart de Lessete.

Angharad of Ealdnorðwuda. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Sable, an owl and on a chief argent a sheaf of three arrows fesswise reversed sable.

Submitted under the name Angharad Llangollen.

Annabella M'Machan. Name and device. Per chevron argent and Or, three lions passant guardant gules.

Artemas de Grimsby. Device. Per chevron embattled gules and sable, two lion's heads erased contourny and an armillary sphere Or.

Ástríðr of Cleftlands. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per pale sable and azure, a sun and on a chief argent two mullets sable.

Submitted under the name Ástríðr Ketillsdóttir of Cleftlands.

Avelina Clarice. Device. Per fess argent and gules, two swans naiant sable and a swan naiant argent within a bordure counterchanged.

Caterina of Lesley. Name and device. Argent, a sun between in saltire four mullets azure.

Catriona nicHugh McLae. Badge (see RETURNS for other badge). (Fieldless) A hand fesswise argent.

Cian mac Segdai hui Neill. Name and device. Sable, on a bend sinister between two roundels argent each charged with a weasel statant gardant four gouttes palewise gules.

Please advise the submitter to draw the bend sinister so that it straddles the corner of the shield.

Claude le Champenois. Name and device. Barry sable and argent, an escutcheon gules.

Nice device.

Cuðbriht se breowere. Name and device. Quarterly azure and gules, a point pointed Or.

Please advise the submitter that the per fess line of the field should be drawn somewhat higher so that the field above the base is divided into four roughly equal portions.

Davith of Altenberg. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Gyronny argent and vert, a tankard reversed and a bordure sable.

Submitted under the name Davith Seys Dafydd Seys.

Diego Brasa de Zaragoza. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Duncan de Vere. Name.

Elena of Argyll. Name.

Eric Edwardson. Device. Purpure, a fleur-de-lys and on a chief embattled argent, two elephants purpure.

Godewyn Crackesheld. Name and device. Per bend indented Or and gules, on a roundel azure a cockatrice erect Or.

Please advise the submitter to draw the indentations deeper.

Gregor MacCrae. Name and device. Per pale gules and azure, on a lozenge Or a triquetra per pale azure and gules.

Ibráhím Gúr. Name.

Illaria de Egecombe. Name.

Isabella Pallini. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Jeanne Anne la Bonnetière. Reblazon of device. Per bend argent and gules, in base five annulets in bend Or.

Registered in April 1998 with the blazon Per bend argent and gules, in base in bend five annulets in bend Or, the first in bend is superfluous.

Magdalena Angelica von Regensburg. Name and device. Per fess Or and azure, a fess fusily between two roses counterchanged.

Submitted as Magdalena_von Regensburg, as submitted the name conflicts with Magdalena von Regensburg, registered December 2006. The submitter indicated that she would accept the name Magdalena Angelica von Regensburg if the name was in conflict. We have made this change. As registered, the name mixes German and Italian; this is one step from period practice.

Mimi of Rokkehealden. Reblazon of device. Purpure, in pale a lotus blossom argent slipped vert sustained by a hand issuant from sinister argent.

Registered in July 1987 with the blazon Purpure, a hand issuant from sinister and holding a lotus argent, slipped vert, the term holding did not indicate that the charges are actually co-primary.

Temur of the Middle. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Or, in fess a goutte de sang and a goutte de poix.

Submitted under the name Temur Chinua.

Thomas Edmund de Montgomeri. Name.

Vasilii Volchogo Zuba syn. Device. Per pale vert and sable, three chevronels ermine.

There was considerable discussion over whether or not this device conflicts with the device for John le Burguillun, Ermine, three chevronels wavy vert. When both pieces of armory are considered as <field> + chevronels, these are clear with a CD for changes to the field, a CD for changing the style of the partition lines on the chevronels, and a third CD for the tincture of the chevronels. However, as previously noted (v., February 2007 LoAR), A, three chevronels B is interchangeable with Chevronelly A and B. When Vasilii's device and John's device are reblazoned as field-only armory - as Chevronelly ermine and per pale vert and sable and Chevronelly wavy ermine and vert, respectively - it is less clear whether they are sufficiently different. This was the source of the discussion in commentary.

Comparing Chevronelly wavy ermine and vert with Chevronelly ermine and per pale vert and sable, there is a definite CD for changing the line of division from wavy to plain. There is not a CD for changing the tincture, as only a quarter of the tincture has changed (from vert to vert and sable). Thus, conflict depends on whether or not there is a CD for the number of pieces of the field, which seems impossible to count while ignoring the change of tincture.

Fortunately, the question has become moot for the moment: John has graciously granted permission to Vasilii to conflict with his device. We feel the issue will come forward again, however, and we would like the College to consider whether it's reasonable to count a CD for number of field pieces even when the added tincture of the extra pieces is worth no difference.

Vreile Payensdochter. Name.

Winifred Yseult of Hall's Isle. Reblazon of device. Azure, a peacock between in pale two roses argent.

Registered in August 1979 with the blazon Azure, in pale a peacock passant close between two roses, all argent, the term passant has been dropped as current SCA heraldic practice is to consider this an unblazoned variant of close. Please see the Cover Letter for more details on blazoning peacocks.

OUTLANDS

Anna Katherine von Telgte. Name and device. Vert, a bear rampant between three mullets argent.

Nice device.

TRIMARIS

Æscwynne æt Bodanhamme. Name change from Aislinn Columba of Carlisle and device. Barry Or and sable, on a chief triangular argent a wolf passant guardant contourny sable.

Nice Old English name!

Her old name, Aislinn Columba of Carlisle, is retained as an alternate name.

Arvada Oneshoe. Name.

Columb Ó Buachalla. Name.

Listed on the LoI as Columb ó Buachalla, the forms showed Columb Ó Buachalla. We have changed the name to reflect the forms.

Elspeth Islay of Glen Meara. Device change. Azure, a pegasus rampant contourny and a bordure argent charged with roses proper.

The submitter's previous device, Azure, a pegasus segreant argent and a gore sinister plumetty argent and vert, is retained as a badge.

Frederich Karl Kyburg. Name and badge. Sable, a fer-a-loup inverted argent.

There was some question whether the documentation for the byname listed the form Kiberg or Kiburg. Thanks to Hund for checking the source and noting the form dated to 1340 in the documentation, Brechenmacher, Etymologisches Woerterbuch der deutschen Familiennamen, s.n. Kiburg, was Kiburger.

This badge does not conflict with the device for Caitrin O'Maughan, Sable, a crescent inverted argent within an orle of trillium flowers inverted Or, nor does it conflict with the badge for Medb of Rusted Woodlands, Sable, between the horns of a crescent pendant a cloud argent. In each case there is a CD for removing the secondary charge(s). There is a second CD for the difference between a crescent inverted and fer-a-loup. Both are period heraldic charges and, since we have no evidence that they were used interchangeably, there is a CD between the two.

Gillianne de Solis. Reblazon of device. Azure, a peacock, tail spread, argent and in chief two mullets of eight points Or.

Registered in January 1991 with the blazon Azure, a peacock pavanated to base argent and in chief two mullets of eight points Or, the term pavonated simply means "colored like a peacock". Please see the Cover Letter for more details on blazoning peacocks.

Iefan Colledig ap Dynfwal Abertawe. Device change. Or, a portcullis and in chief a pearled coronet, on a chief azure three flames Or.

The submitter is a court baron and thus entitled to display a coronet.

The submitter's previous device, Or, a portcullis and on a chief azure three flames Or, released.

Jana Hauersham. Name.

There is a more than 300 year gap between the 16th C date for Jana and the late 12th C date for Hauersham; this is one step from period practice.

Lucia Alessandra Caldiera. Name.

Tadayoshi of the Ruins. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Azure, two scythes in saltire within an annulet of chain argent.

The submitter is a knight of the Society and thus entitled to display an annulet of chain.

Blazoned on the LoI as sickles, the primary charges are Japanese-style sickles, which have not been shown to have been known to period Europeans. We have reblazoned them as scythes, which seem to be more in keeping with the proportions of the blade and handle.

Submitted under the name Takamatsu Sadamitsu Tadayoshi.

WEST

Celine Dubé. Name and device. Per pall argent, vert and azure, a triquetra inverted purpure and two more argent.

Cyrus Aurelius. Name and device. Counter-ermine, three lions Or.

Submitted as Cyrus Aurelio, the submitter indicated that his preference was for the name Cyrus Aurelius. This is a reasonable Latin form of the Italian name Ciro Aurelio. The name Ciro is in de Felice, Dizionario dei nomi italiani, s.n. Ciro, where it derives the name as the name of an early Alexandrian martyr and also of the name of the Persian king. Metron Ariston notes that the form Cyrus Aurelius is a form that might have been adopted by a Renaissance humanist. We have changed the name to Cyrus Aurelius to meet the wishes of the submitter.

Nice device.

Elysant atten Oke. Device. Gules, a tree blasted and eradicated and on a chief nebuly argent, four acorns gules.

Please advise the submitter to draw fewer nebules.

Gunther Bärenjäger. Device change. Or, on a bend purpure a mallet Or.

Nice device.

The submitter's previous device, Or, on a bend between two dragonflies purpure a mallet Or, is released.

Sieglinde von Krause. Reblazon of device. Argent, in pale a peacock, tail spread, proper perched on a linden branch fesswise vert.

Registered in January 1973 with the blazon Argent, a peacock pavonated in base proper, perched on a linden branch fesswise vert, the term pavonated simply means "colored like a peacock". The linden branch is twice as long as the peacock, thus these charges are co-primary. Please see the Cover Letter for more details on blazoning peacocks.

- Explicit littera accipendorum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN RETURNED FOR FURTHER WORK:

ÆTHELMEARC

Rashid al-Tayyib. Device. Argent, two gophers courant contourny and another courant proper.

This device is returned for using gophers, animals which do not appear to have been known to Europeans in period. Laurel stated in returning Gerrich de la Foy's device in March 1993:

We have no evidence that the gopher was known to period Europeans: the OED, for instance, dates gopher in this context only to 1818. (There's also the Biblical gopher-wood, but that doesn't apply to this submission.) Since the gopher is a rodent from the North American plains, we can't assume that it was known to period Europeans; we need some hard evidence before we can accept the charge.

Such hard evidence has yet to be presented.

AN TIR

None.

ANSTEORRA

Garbhan Kepler. Badge. (Fieldless) A wagon wheel gyronny azure and argent.

This badge is returned for redesign. The Rules for Submission (VII.7.B) require that "Elements must be reconstructible in a recognizable form from a competent blazon". In this case the wheel is rotated from its normal position so that each spoke is a solid tincture. This rotation is important to maintain the identifiability of the wheel, but there is no way to blazon the rotation such that the emblazon is reproduced from the blazon.

Gyronny is not a suitable division for a wagon wheel, as the spokes will generally be divided along their long axis into the two tinctures. This is not acceptable due to the resulting identifiability problems.

ARTEMISIA

Maximilian von Passau. Device. Or, an eagle displayed and on a chief sable three acorns "bendwise" Or.

This device conflicts with the device for Friederich Scrodir von Baden, Or, an eagle displayed on a chief sable three lilies argent, with one CD for the changes to the tertiary charges. In addition, the acorns are neither palewise nor bendwise, but in some unblazonable posture halfway between, which in itself is sufficient cause for return.

Ruaidrí Campbell. Device. Per saltire gules and azure, a lion's head cabossed argent.

This device is returned for conflict with the device of Alonzio of the Peacemakers, Gyronny Or and gules, a white tiger's head caboshed proper [Felix tigris]; and with the device for Victoria Faline Dubonnet, Tierced per pall azure, gules and Or, a lion's head cabossed argent. In each case there is a CD for changes to the field, but that is the only CD. Against Alonzio, there is nothing for the type of feline nor do the tiger's markings contribute to a tincture difference.

Seth Fletcher. Device. Per pale sable and argent, a sheaf of arrows inverted counterchanged.

This device is returned for conflict with the device of Brian Blackarrow, Per pale sable and argent, three arrows inverted counterchanged. There is a CD for changing either the tincture or the arrangement of the arrows, but not separate CDs as these are not independent changes. The change in tincture means that Seth's arrows cannot be in the same arrangement as Brian's arrows - if they were, there would be not be sufficient contrast as half the arrows would be tinctured identically to the field, making them sable on sable and argent on argent. Thus there is only a single CD between Brian's device and Seth's device.

Had this device not been returned for conflict, it would have been returned as the mini-emblazon on the hard copy LoI was too faint to be identified. At the time the LoI was issued (December 2006), hard copy LoIs were still required, and were the "official" version of the LoI.

Sorcha inghean Uí Lorcain. Device. Quarterly azure and purpure, a trillium inverted argent.

This device is returned for conflict with the device of Olwen of Buckland, Azure, a trefoil stalked argent. While there is a CD between a trillium and a trefoil, as Laurel ruled in the June 2005 registration of Ástríðr in spaka's device, there is not a CD between a trillium inverted and a trefoil. Thus the CD for changes to the field is the only CD between these two pieces of armory.

Sorcha inghean Úi Lorcain. Badge. Per bend sinister azure and purpure, a trillium inverted argent.

This badge is returned for conflict with the device of Olwen of Buckland, Azure, a trefoil stalked argent. While there is a CD between a trillium and a trefoil, as Laurel ruled in the June 2005 registration of Ástríðr in spaka's device, there is not a CD between a trillium inverted and a trefoil. Thus the CD for changes to the field is the only CD between these two pieces of armory.

Uriah MacGilchrist. Device. Argent, on a Latin cross throughout azure, a Celtic cross patonce Or.

This device is returned for lack of a mini-emblazon. At the time the LoI was issued (December 2006), hard copy LoIs were still required, and were the "official" version of the LoI. In addition, the LoI failed to note the tincture of the Latin cross.

On resubmission, please advise the submitter to draw the cross patonce with more pronounced features.

ATENVELDT

None.

ATLANTIA

Sebastian De Lasset. Device. Gules, two winged stags salient respectant and in base a fleur-de-lys argent, a chief indented Or.

This device is returned for a redraw as the stags' wings are too small. There is generally a CD between a winged creature and an unwinged creature. In this case, the wings are so small that they are barely noticeable. They would not be worth a CD. As we do grant a CD for the presence (or absence) of the wings, they must be large enough that such a CD can be granted. We note as emblazoned the fleur-de-lys is a secondary charge, not a co-primary charge as blazoned on the LoI.

Simon d'Este da Mantua. Device. Vairy Or and sable, on a bend gules a "compass rose" palewise Or.

This device is returned for redraw. Blazoned on the LoI as a compass rose, the tertiary charge is not a compass rose as it lacks any directional marker. It is not a compass star within and conjoined to an annulet as the greater points overlie the annulet. It is not an annulet and overall a compass star as the lesser points of the compass star do not extend over the annulet. As it cannot be accurately blazoned, it must be returned. On resubmission, please advise the submitter that the annulet should be thicker.

CAID

Anica von Ravensburg. Device. Per chevron gules and sable, issuant from a chevron argent a sun in splendor Or and in base a "Maltese" cross argent.

This device is returned for a redraw of the Maltese cross. As depicted it is closest to a swallowtailed cross, but it's not quite that. Nor is it a standard Maltese cross, which would have the points somewhat more evenly spaced around the cross's periphery.

Donnel Stewart. Name.

No documentation was submitted and none found by the commenters to suggest that Donnel is a period Anglicization of the Gaelic name Domhnall. Black, The Surnames of Scotland, s.n. Donald, does not list this form, and s.n. MacDonald, the only listing for this spelling is a statement that "MacDonell and MacDonnell are also recognized spellings of the name at the present time." Woulfe, Irish Names and Surnames, s.n. Ó Domhnaill, lists O Donill and O Daniel as late period Anglicizations; O Donnell is listed as a modern Anglicization. Barring documentation that Donnel is a period form, it is not registerable. The "Dictionary of the Scots Language" (http://www.dsl.ac.uk/), s.v. Spend, lists a John Donal in 1457. We would give the submitter the benefit of the doubt that this unmarked patronymic is a valid given name and register the name as Donal Stewart, but the submitter will not accept changes.

Edborough Kellie. Device. Argent, a cross gyronny of sixteen and in chief two mullets of six points gyronny of twelve Or and azure.

This is returned for dividing a charge into gyronny of sixteen. It has previously been ruled that "In Society heraldry, while fields may be gyronny of as many as 12, charges may be gyronny of no more than 8. (LoAR of 22 March 83) (Katrine Vanora of Maidstone, October, 1992, pg. 26)". Later precedent allows fields of gyronny of sixteen; from the June 1999 LoAR:

Padric O Mullan. Device. Gyronny of sixteen gules and Or, a Celtic cross azure. The question was raised regarding whether gyronny of sixteen is period, and whether it can be used in the SCA. Papworth's Ordinary of British Armorials, cites an instance from the 12th century, and Martin Schrot's Wappenbuch, a German heraldic treatise shows a 16th century example. Additionally, the LoI mentions a 13th century example. Given this, we will register Gyronny of sixteen in simple cases, but nothing more, barring period evidence.

Barring similar evidence for charges divided gyronny of sixteen, they remain unregisterable.

Franclin von Ravensburg. Name.

Originally submitted as Franklin von Ravensberg, the name was changed at kingdom to Franclin von Ravensburg. The given name Franclin is supposed to be a constructed Anglo-Saxon name, using the themes Franc- and -lin. Both are found in Searle, Onomasticon Anglo-Saxonicum. However, it is highly unlikely that either are truly themes. First, although both items appear in the main text, neither appears in the list of themes on pp xvi-xix. Second, in the case of Franc-, no names are given in the text that use this element as a theme. The only names starting with Franc are Franca and Franco. Barring evidence that these elements are found in dithematic names, dithematic Anglo-Saxon names using the elements franc- and -lin are not registerable. The submitter's given name on the form is Franklin; the given name would be registerable in this form if proof was provided that this was actually the submitter's legal given name. Without such proof, though, we cannot make this change and are, therefore, forced to return this name.

The spelling Ravensperg appears for both the county and the city on the "Circulus Westphalia, sive Germaniae Inferioris" map (http://www.library.ucla.edu/yrl/reference/maps/blaeu/westphalicvs.jpg) of Blaeu's Theatrum orbis terrarum sive Atlas Novus; the atlas was first published in 1645. The p-b spelling switch is well documented in German. (We note that Ravensburg is a different place from Ravensberg; the first is in Swabia while the second is in Westphalia.) This means that the original spelling of the byname is registerable.

Typhainne d'Alixandre. Badge. (Fieldless) Four compass stars conjoined in cross argent.

This badge is returned for conflict with the device of Gerhard Helmbrecht von Offenbach, Gyronny azure and argent, four compass stars argent. There is a CD for fieldlessness, but there is nothing for conjoining the compass stars. Nor is there a CD for arrangement of the compass stars as the compass stars in Gerhard's device are forced to be on the azure gyrons.

CALONTIR

Anastasia da Carrara. Device. Gules, a cross gyronny of sixteen sable and argent, in chief two ermine spots argent.

This is returned for dividing a charge into gyronny of sixteen. It has previously been ruled that "In Society heraldry, while fields may be gyronny of as many as 12, charges may be gyronny of no more than 8. (LoAR of 22 March 83) (Katrine Vanora of Maidstone, October, 1992, pg. 26)". Later precedent allows fields of gyronny of sixteen; from the June 1999 LoAR:

Padric O Mullan. Device. Gyronny of sixteen gules and Or, a Celtic cross azure. The question was raised regarding whether gyronny of sixteen is period, and whether it can be used in the SCA. Papworth's Ordinary of British Armorials, cites an instance from the 12th century, and Martin Schrot's Wappenbuch, a German heraldic treatise shows a 16th century example. Additionally, the LoI mentions a 13th century example. Given this, we will register Gyronny of sixteen in simple cases, but nothing more, barring period evidence.

Barring similar evidence for charges divided gyronny of sixteen, they remain unregisterable.

Cristine Tailleur. Device. Argent, a chevron rompu rayonny to chief purpure between two flutes palewise vert and a Lochaber axe sable.

This device is returned for combining two complex lines of division, which has consistently been grounds for return since at least 1992.

Gavin O'Shannon. Device change. Sable, a stag's head cabossed and on a chief embattled argent a wolf passant purpure.

This device is returned for redraw. As drawn, the wolf is not identifiable as such; in fact, many couldn't even identify it as a canine. We note that the wolf used in the submitter's current arms is an acceptable depiction of a wolf.

Another problem is that the wolf is neither clearly in a statant nor clearly in a passant posture. The classic heraldic passant posture (as in the arms of England) has the rear legs spread but both on the ground, the front left leg forward but on the ground, and the front right leg raised. The classic heraldic statant posture (as in the crest of England) has all four legs on the ground, but none of them spread apart. This wolf is in neither posture. In addition, the stag's attires are not drawn in an acceptable manner; they should be upright, not curved down.

Mairi Rose. Badge. (Fieldless) A plummet dependent from a cord purpure.

This badge is returned for a redraw. This was blazoned on the LoI as a plumbline; however, a plumbline needs a frame. Batonvert noted:

Well, the plumb-line (more fully blazoned the A-frame plumb-line) has been registered a few times in the past, but it's a leveling tool, of which this lead weight and string are but a component. The lead weight is a period charge, known as a sounding lead or plummet -- it's found in the arms of the Worshipful Company of Plumbers, granted 1588.

The plummet shown in the submitter's documentation has a flat bottom, as does that in the arms of the Worshipful Company of Plumbers. And the plummet in John Blacas's device, Per chevron sable and gules, two fleur-de-lys and a pair of compasses with a plummet dependant from its pivot, a bordure embattled Or, also has a flat bottom. A plummet is an acceptable charge, but to match period examples, it must have a flat bottom. This submission's plummet does not. If she resubmits with a period plummet, it should be acceptable (barring conflict or other problem).

Phoíbë Korínthia. Alternate name Azizah bint Ali.

This submission was withdrawn by the submitter.

Timoteo de Rivera. Device. Argent, a bordure rayonny gules.

Unfortunately, this device must be returned for conflict with the device of Thomas of Red Square, Argent, a quarter gules. There's a single CD, for type of peripheral secondary charge. And by X.4.e, the complex line is subsumed into the change of type of charge. RfS X.4.a.(ii) does not apply as the type of peripheral ordinary differs the two; RfS X.2 does not apply because neither has a primary charge.

Yamamino Nitsuki. Name and device. Azure, three chevrons braced argent, Or and argent and in chief five gouttes d'eau.

The name Yamamino, purported to mean "mountain rain", is not a meaningful name construction. While the submitter says mino means "rain", an examination of Solveig Throndardottir, Name Construction in Medieval Japan, glosses the element mino as "rain or snow cape" -- that is to say a type of garment, not a meteorological phenomenon. With this meaning of the kanji mino, the meaning of the whole (mountain" + "rain or snow cape") becomes nonsense. It does not follow a known pattern for Japanese surnames. In addition, Throndardottir lists no elements with the meaning "rain", so it is not possible to construct a name from documented name elements with the desired meaning.

In addition, no documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that Nitsuki is a properly formed nanori. Solveig Thordardottir comments:

...as a name final, the only justification I previously found for -tsuki (-moon) was as the final in a surname. There may be any number of possible explanations for this such as a place from which the moon was viewed or perhaps some family taking their name from their kamon or some such weirdness. Regardless, the best we can possible do with Niitsuki at this point is to slot it as a surname... Further, NCMJ only documents nii in family names. It also appears as an initial in Niigata prefecture which is toponymic.

In resubmitting, we suggest that, if the submitter wishes a Japanese name using the element Niitsuki, then this element should be used as a family name.

This device is returned as the gouttes are not really in fess, nor are they three and two as blazoned on the LoI. Several commenters noted that until they read the blazon they assumed that the gouttes were simply poorly drawn as in fess. This is returned for redraw of the gouttes as clearly in fess or clearly three and two.

DRACHENWALD

None.

EALDORMERE

None.

EAST

None.

GLEANN ABHANN

Caoilinn inghean Riocaird. Device. Or, a unicorn rampant sable crined azure and in chief three roses in chevron proper.

This device is returned for redraw as the roses are neither in chevron nor in fess. They should be clearly one or the other - we note that in fess would be the more classic heraldic design.

This device is clear of the device of Charis Percehay, Or, a unicorn couchant sable and in chief a vine of roses fesswise proper, as the vine is half the secondary charge. We note that the roses in Charis's device are in the same position as those in Caiolinn's device.

Egill Skorrason. Badge. Quarterly sable and azure, a valknut and a bordure Or.

This badge is returned for conflict with the device of Sarah Thorarinsdottir, Per pale gules and sable, a valknut and a bordure Or; there is a single CD for changes the field.

MERIDIES

None.

MIDDLE

Andreas Eduart de Lessete. Name.

This name was originally submitted as Andreas Edoart de Lessete, and changed to Andreas Eduart de Lessete at kingdom. However, no documentation for Eduart was presented on the LoI, and the reason for the change itself was summarized as "based on Talan's research". This does not meet the requirements laid out for presentation of information spelled out in the Administrative Handbook. We have warned this kingdom several times about these practices and noted each time that they are grounds for return. In light of these violations, this name is returned for administrative reasons. We are explicitly not addressing the registerability or authenticity of the name at this time.

His device was registered under the holding name Andreas of the Middle.

Angharad Llangollen. Name.

Originally submitted as Angharad O Llangollen, the name was changed to Angharad_Llangollen at kingdom. While the elements of the changed name were properly documented, the reason for the change was given as "based on Talan's and Ary's comments". No valid reason for the change was provided, although the appropriate line on the LoI made it clear that this information was available in kingdom. This item does not meet the requirements laid out for presentation of information spelled out in the Administrative Handbook. We have warned this kingdom several times about these practices and noted each time that they are grounds for return. In light of these violations, this name is returned for administrative reasons. We are explicitly not addressing the registerability or authenticity of the name at this time.

Her device was registered under the holding name Angharad of Ealdnorðwuda.

Ástríðr Ketillsdóttir of Cleftlands. Name.

Originally submitted as Ástríðr Ketilsdóttir of Cleftlands, the name was changed to Ástríðr Ketillsdóttir of Cleftlands at kingdom. The reason for the changes was that it was "based on comments". No description of these comments was given and no valid reason was given for the change. This item does not meet the requirements laid out for presentation of information spelled out in the Administrative Handbook and Laurel precedent. We have warned this kingdom several times about these practices and noted each time that they are grounds for return. In light of these violations, this name is returned for administrative reasons. We are explicitly not addressing the registerability or authenticity of the name at this time.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Ástríðr of Cleftlands.

Catriona nicHugh McLae. Badge. (Fieldless) A gillyflower gules.

This badge is returned for conflict with the Emperor of Japan (important non-SCA mon), Dark, a sixteen-petalled chrysanthemum light. This mon is considered to be tinctureless. Thus there is a CD for fieldlessness but nothing for changing the tincture of the charge. Nor is there a second CD as Laurel has previously ruled that there is not a CD between a gillyflower and the Emperor's mon:

Deirdre de la Fleur. Badge. (Fieldless) A gillyflower quarterly gules and azure. This is being returned for conflict against the Emperor of Japan (Important mundane armory), Dark, a sixteen-petalled chrysanthemum light. After comparing the picture submitted and the picture in Laurel's books on Japanese mon, we felt that we could not grant a difference. [LoAR 09/1996]

Davith Seys Dafydd Seys. Name.

No documentation was included for the element the element Dafydd or for the formation of this four element name. Therefore, this item does not meet the requirements laid out for presentation of information spelled out in the Administrative Handbook and Laurel precedent. We have warned this kingdom several times about these practices and noted each time that they are grounds for return. In light of these violations, this name is returned for administrative reasons. We are explicitly not addressing the registerability or authenticity of the name at this time, because the administrative requirements necessary for such work were not addressed.

His device was registered under the holding name Davith of Altenberg.

Diego Brasa de Zaragoza. Device. Gules, a lozenge of annulets interlaced, a bordure Or estencely gules.

This device is returned for non-period style. While we have some evidence for a small number (such as three) charges interlaced, we have not yet found any period evidence for large groups of interlaced charges. This is effectively a lozenge of chain mail. Just as we do not find (e.g.) a triangle of brocade in period heraldry, we have not yet found a shape made of chain mail in period heraldry. Lacking such examples, this must be returned for non-period style.

Dorothea Wever. Name.

Originally submitted as Dorothea de Wever, the name was changed to Dorothea Wever at kingdom. The reason given for the change was that it was "based on commentary". No summarization of the commentary or an explicit justification of the change were given. Therefore, this item does not meet the requirements laid out for presentation of information spelled out in the Administrative Handbook and Laurel precedent. We have warned this kingdom several times about these practices and noted each time that they are grounds for return. In light of these violations, this name is returned for administrative reasons. We are explicitly not addressing the registerability or authenticity of the name at this time.

Ellice de Montgomeri. Name.

Conflict with Alys Montgomery, registered in December 1999. The names are nearly identical in sound. For terms of conflict, articles or prepositions do not count for difference when comparing bynames of the same type.

Isabella Pallini. Device. Gyronny arrondy purpure and Or, eight ermine spots in annulo counterchanged.

This device is returned for redrawing of the ermine spots. The ermine spots used in this spot appear to be taken from Friar's A Dictionary of Heraldry, but with no citations of period use. Whether or not this particular style of ermine spot is period, it is too visually similar to a fleur-de-lys for use in Society armory.

The form of gyronny used in this emblazon - with the each corner of the shield in the center of a gyron - is acceptable per the July 2005 Cover Letter.

Temur Chinua. Name.

Originally submitted as Dhuhan Temur Chinua, the name was changed to _Temur Chinua at kingdom. No reason for the change was given, nor was the explicit form of the originally submitted name included on the LoI (the LoI noted that Dhuhan had been dropped, but did not give its position in the name). This item does not meet the requirements laid out for presentation of information spelled out in the Administrative Handbook and Laurel precedent. We have warned this kingdom several times about these practices and noted each time that they may be considered grounds for return. In light of these violations, this name is returned for administrative reasons. We are explicitly not addressing the registerability or authenticity of the name at this time.

His arms were registered under the holding name, Temur of the Middle.

OUTLANDS

Heinricus Land{oe}se. Device. Sable, in pale two swords inverted in saltire argent, quillons and pommels Or, hilts sable, and a stag couchant argent.

This device is returned for lack of contrast. Blazoned on the LoI as swords proper, the hilts are sable not Or. The sable hilts are invisible on the sable field.

This device is also returned for conflict with the device of Gavin Skot of Stirling, Sable, in pale two swords in saltire argent and a standing balance Or. There is a CD for changing the orientation of more than half the charges (inverting the swords); however, there no difference for changing the type and tincture of the bottommost charge as it is less than half the charge group. As the charges are not arranged two and one, the default arrangement for three charges on a plain field, the precedent treating the bottommost charge as half the charge group does not apply. We note that if the field was divided per fess then the stag, by precedent, would be considered half the charge group as the charges would fall on either side of the line of division.

TRIMARIS

Takamatsu Sadamitsu Tadayoshi. Name.

This name consists of a family name and two nanori (formal names). However, names containing two nanori are not registerable:

Kimotsuki Takeo. Name. Submitted as Kimotsuki Yorimoto Takeo, both Yorimoto and Takeo were documented as nanori. No documentation was presented and none was found to support the use of two nanori in a Japanese name in period. As the submitter allows any changes, we have dropped the second nanori in order to register this name. [LoAR May 2003]

In order to register the name, one of the nanori would need to be dropped. Because the submitter will not accept major changes such as dropping an element, we are forced to return this name. In resubmitting, we recommend retaining Tadayoshi and dropping Sadamitsu. Tadayoshi is an attested period nanori, appearing in Solveig Throndardottir "Japanese Formal Masculine Given Names" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/solveig/nanori/).

His device was registered under the holding name Tadayoshi of the Ruins.

WEST

Juliana of Avon. Device. Lozengy argent and sable, on a bend Or three crescents azure.

This device is returned for conflict with the device of Eabha inghean Domhnaill, Lozengy argent and sable, on a bend Or a cat salient between two dumbegs palewise gules. There is a single CD for the changes to the tertiary charges.

- Explicit littera renuntiationum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN PENDED UNTIL THE November 2007 LAUREL MEETING (OR AS NOTED):

CAID

Ivan Batu. Name.

Ivan is the submitter's legal given name.

Although Ivan is the submitter's legal given name, it is one of those names that most people associate with "Russian names". The question was raised whether names mixing a name of Russian origin with a Mongol name (as this one does) was obtrusively modern. It also raises the question of whether there is evidence for substantial contact between Russian and Mongol speakers in period to allow mixed language names. Loyall notes:

[T]here was substantial contact between Russian and Mongol cultures in our period: the Golden Horde (one of the successor states to Ghengis Khan) controlled a region centered on the Volga basin (which drains into the Caspian Sea). Marshall Hodgson's Venture of Islam vol. II p. 411 gives a map of Mongol power c. 1255-65 which shows the Golden Horde controlling both Moscow and Kiev; on p. 410, Hodgson states that the Horde "long held in obedience the Christian princes of the Russias". (The leaders of the Horde converted to Islam in the thirteenth century.)

However, the Wikipedia article "Mongol invasion of Rus"(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_Rus) states:

The term by which this subjection is commonly designated, the Mongol or Tatar yoke, suggests ideas of terrible oppression, but in reality these nomadic invaders from Mongolia were not such cruel, oppressive taskmasters as is generally supposed[citation needed]. In the first place, they never settled in the country, and they had little direct dealing with the inhabitants. In accordance with the admonitions of Genghis to his children and grandchildren, they retained their pastoral mode of life, so that the subject races, agriculturists, and dwellers in towns, were not disturbed in their ordinary avocations.

While the results of Mongol rule on the history of Russia is undeniable, its effect on everyday life--contact between ordinary individuals, trade, marriages--is less clear. We would ask the College to research the question of ordinary contact between Russian speakers and the Mongol hordes, and whether that contact is substantial enough to warrant registration of names combining Russian and Mongol elements. We would also ask whether, if the two languages are deemed incompatible for registration, whether the combination of an apparently Russian legal given name and a Mongol byname would be so obtrusive as to be unregisterable.

His device and badge have been registered under the holding name Ivan of Summergate.

This was item 13 on the Caid letter of December 20, 2006.

CALONTIR

Cellach Thorn. Name.

The submitter requested an authentic 11th/12th C name. Although his interest in this time period was summarized on the LoI, the request for authenticity was not. Therefore, we are pending this item to allow the commenters to address this request. The original summarization appears below:

Cellach - Irish Names, by Ó Corrain and Maguire, p48, lists this name as used in 1000 by Cellach Ua Máel Corgais. It is listed as used by both genders.

Thorn - R&W, p444, lists William Thorn on the Curia Regis Rolls from Sussex in 1206.

Previous kingdom submission listed gender requested as female. The "gender does not matter" has been checked in order to remove a possible step from period practice. The commentary below was cause for return:

<Cellach> had fallen out of use as a feminine name by the submitter's desired time period; in the 11th to 14th century it wouldn't be anything but masculine. So if she wants a feminine name, this should be returned so that she can either pick a feminine name that was used in her period, or a byname which is appropriate for early period Ireland. The spelling <Cellach> is appropriate up through c. 1200, and after that it was spelled <Ceallach>. As a masculine name, there is one weirdness for the lingual disparity, but as there are no other problems the name would be registerable, as a masculine name, though not authentic. I found no conflicts. As a feminine name, the latest date OCM have for <Cellach> used by a woman is 732; Mari's Annals Index has the same dates (presumably the same woman). Hence, using <Cellach> as a feminine name would introduce a second weirdness, for the temporal disparity, making this unregisterable as a feminine name.

We note that, as submitted, the name is registerable as a masculine name, but, since it mixes English and Gaelic, not authentic as requested.

His device has been registered under the holding name Cellach of Flinthyll.

This was item 12 on the Calontir letter of December 11, 2006.

MIDDLE

Eginolf von Basel. Device. Bendy Or and azure, a wolf's head erased ululant contourny gules maintaining in its mouth an egg argent, on a chief Or three eagles gules.

Blazoned on the LoI as Bendy azure and Or, a wolf's head erased ululant contourny maintaining in its mouth an egg argent, on a chief Or three eagles gules, the wolf's head is actually gules. This is pended for conflict checking with the correct tinctures. This is the sole reason for the pend.

There were some calls to return this for lack of contrast in accordance with the June 2006 precedent:

Séamus mac Dubhgaill. Device. Per saltire argent and Or, on a goute de sang a goblet argent within a bordure bendy gules and Or. This device is returned for lack of contrast due to using a bordure bendy sharing a tincture of the field. The bordure loses its identifiability when large strips of it share a tincture with the field.

In Séamus's case, the bordure appeared to be snippets, not solid, and lost its identifiability. In this case the peripheral ordinary is solid and the field is bendy, which allows the chief to maintain its identifiability. Therefore these cases are not analogous.

Batonvert did some research on multiply-divided fields with peripheral ordinaries that share a tincture of the field. He notes:

The Dictionary of British Arms, vol.2, gives some examples of divided fields sharing tinctures with solid bordures: Holcott, c.1520, Lozengy argent and gules, a bordure argent, and Crofte, 1480, Lozengy sable and argent, a bordure sable. Papworth gives a few examples with chiefs, e.g. Peltot, 1452, Paly of six Or and vert, a chief of the second, and Hayersegge, 1240, Paly argent and gules, a chief of the first. The only instance of the reverse situation, a solid field sharing a tincture with a party bordure or chief, uses a compony bordure (e.g. von Commerstat, Siebmacher 162). So the return of the bendy bordure is consistent with allowing this chief and bendy field.

Electrum has provided some additional examples:

Evidence of a striped field and a bordure in period can be found in Dictionary of British Armorials, volume 2, page 194 et seq. Amongst the multiple "patterned field plain border" examples listed there are Barry Argent and Azure, a bodrure Azure (Houtone (Powell Roll c. 1350)); Barry Argent and Azure, a bordure Gules (Alissaunder, (William Le Nave's Book, c. 1500)), Barry wavy Gules and Argent a bordure Argent (Chok, (College of Arms Manuscript c. 1520 (copy of lost original)); Bendy Or and Azure a bordure Gules (Burgundy); Checky Or and Azure, a bordure Gules (Dreux (William Le Nave's Book) et al). Unfortunately, there is not an easy way to search the volumes for <stripy field, complex charge, peripheral sharing tincture with field>.

Given these examples, we will register a multiply-divided field and a solid tincture peripheral ordinary sharing one of the tinctures with the field so long as identifiability of the peripheral ordinary is maintained, as it is in this case.

This was item 17 on the Middle letter of December 16, 2006.

- Explicit -