THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN REGISTERED:

ÆTHELMEARC

Arnþóra Grímarskona. Device. Sable, a bear rampant contourny and on a chief engrailed argent, three bear's pawprints purpure.

Please advise the submitter to draw fewer and larger engrailings.

Berewyn Connell of Blakwode. Name.

Domnall na nAmus. Name and device. Vert, three crosses formy Or.

The name mixes Middle Irish and Early Modern Irish orthographies; this is one step from period practice.

Nice armory.

Hadija al-Zahra'. Name.

Submitted as Hadija al Zahra', the documentation for the byname shows the transcription al-Zahra'. We have no evidence for the use of al instead of al- in transcriptions of these types of Arabic bynames. We have changed the byname to that form to match the documentation.

Helewys Spynnere. Name.

Phiala O'Ceallaigh. Device. Argent crusily saltirewise, on a chevron azure three nettle leaves argent.

An equally valid blazon for this is Argent crusily St. Julian, on a chevron azure three nettle leaves argent; however, as the submitter did not indicate a preference for this blazon, we have retained the blazon submitted on the LoI.

Phiala O'Ceallaigh. Badge. (Fieldless) On a nettle leaf argent a cross crosslet saltirewise azure.

Rowan de la Garnison. Badge. (Fieldless) On a coney courant argent three torteaux in fess.

Thorgrim Skullsplitter. Device. Per pale gules and sable, two wolves rampant addorsed, each maintaining an axe, on a chief argent an eagle per pale sable and gules.

Please advise the submitter to draw the eagle to fill the available space.

AN TIR

Arqai Ne'ürin. Name and device. Gyronny sable and argent, a decrescent vert.

Arqai Ne'ürin. Badge. (Fieldless) A decrescent vert.

Nice classic badge.

Christian Darcy. Name and device. Azure crusily Or, a standing seraph argent haloed Or.

Nice 16th C English name!

Derian le Breton. Badge. (Fieldless) A sun in its glory per pale argent and sable.

Derian le Breton. Blanket permission to conflict with name.

Dunstan M'Lolane. Name and device. Or, a lymphad and in chief three mullets of six points all within a bordure embattled sable.

Submitted as Dunstan MacLeland, the submitter requested an authentic 13th-14th C name. The byname is Scots or a Scots transcription of a Gaelic name, but there is no evidence that the given name Dunstan was ever used in Scotland. Therefore, we are unable to change the name to make it fully authentic. While we cannot make the name culturally consistent, we can change the byname to an early 14th C form, which would at least make the name temporally consistent. Black, The Surnames of Scotland, s.n. MacClellan, gives the spelling M'Lolane in 1305 and Mclolane in 1367. We have changed the name to Dunstan M'Lolane to partially fulfill the submitter's desire for an authentic 13th -14th C name. For a truly authentic 13th-14th C name, though, the submitter should either pick a documented 13th-14th C Scoto-Norman given name or a 13th-14th C English byname.

Fáelán hua Meic Laisre. Device. Per pale azure and argent, two wolves combatant counterchanged.

Gwenlliana Clutterbooke. Name.

Horatio Townsend. Name and device. Sable, a compass star and two swans naiant respectant, one and two, argent.

Nice 16th C English name!

This device is clear of the device of Yerek the Inert, Sable, a mullet of four points voided argent. There is a CD for changing the number of primary charges. In returning Cecily of Whitehaven's armory in June 2002 Laurel noted:

... the three following very dissimilar-sounding blazons can all be drawn identically, and thus should be considered heraldically equivalent: A lozenge Or charged with a lozenge gules, A lozenge Or voided gules, and A lozenge gules fimbriated Or. This heraldic equivalence will apply for any charge "simple enough to void" by the criteria stated in the Cover Letter for the November 1992 LoAR. When checking for conflict with armory using fimbriation or voiding, all these interpretations should be considered when checking for conflict, and if one of the interpretations conflicts, the two pieces of armory conflict. This does not seem overly restrictive when one considers the rarity of armory in period featuring voided or fimbriated charges, or arms with the design of A "charge" charged with "the same type of charge". These are very uncommon designs in period. Period viewers probably had the same sorts of problems that we have when interpreting such designs.

Note that charges which are voided by definition are generally given one CD from their solid equivalents: mascles are given a CD from lozenges, and annulets are given a CD from roundels. If one interpreted these charges as voided, fimbriated, or charged charges, the guidelines above would also give exactly one CD between them. Comparing Azure, a lozenge Or vs. Azure, a lozenge Or charged with a lozenge azure: one CD, for adding a tertiary charge. Azure, a lozenge Or vs. Azure, a lozenge Or voided azure: equivalent to the previous case of adding a tertiary charge. Azure, a lozenge Or vs. Azure, a lozenge azure fimbriated Or: one CD for changing the tincture of the lozenge from Or to azure, and no additional difference for removing the fimbriation. [Cecily of Whitehaven, 06/02, R-Æthelmearc]

In the same manner there is a second CD when comparing Horatio's device to Yerek's: there is either a CD for removing the tertiary charge or a CD for changing the tincture of the mullet.

Keri-Anne of Avacal. Name and device. Purpure, a triskele within and conjoined to an annulet and on a chief argent three millrinds purpure.

Keri-Anne is the submitter's legal given name.

Philippa de Clare. Name.

The submitter requested a name authentic to 13th C Suffolk. However, all documentation for the name is from the 14th C. While this is a lovely 14th C English name, we cannot say whether it is authentic for the 13th C.

Roðrekr ormstunga Sigmundarson. Name and device. Azure, a goat clymant argent between three Thor's hammers handles to center Or.

Ruland von Bern. Name change from Roland le Brun.

His old name, Roland le Brun, is retained as an alternative name.

Tomás mac Donnchaidh. Name change from holding name Thomas of Wyewoode.

Originally submitted as Tomas MacDonagh, the name was changed at kingdom to Thomas Makconoch. The submitter requested an authentic 12th-14th C "Scotch" name, and indicated that he was interested in the sound of the name. While the name as submitted is a reasonable 16th C Scottish name, it is not appropriate for the 12th-14th C. Effric Neyn Ken3ocht Mcherrald notes:

For nearly all of the 12th-14th centuries there are no surviving texts written in Scots. The vast majority of surviving texts were written in Latin, with a small number written in Gaelic or Anglo-Norman French. Further, regardless of language used, in this period patronymic origin bynames were nearly always still literal, and, again regardless of language used, were normally literally translated into the language being used. That is, a man known as <Tomás mac Donnchaidh> (or <Tomás mac Donnchadha>) in Gaelic would normally have been known as <Thomas filius Duncani> or <Thomas Duncani> in Latin, <Thomas fiz Duncan> in Anglo-Norman French, and <Thomas Duncanson> in Scots.

...The closest 12th-14th century Scottish authentic name to the orignally submitted name (in terms of sound/spelling) would be either Gaelic <Tomas mac Donnchaidh> or Latin <Thomas Mac Dunecan>.

Given this, we have changed the name to Tomás mac Donnchaidh, an authentic Gaelic form of this name that is the closest 12th-13th century alternative in sound and appearance to the name originally submitted. The name Gilli Petair mac Donnchaid is noted from the 12th C notes to the Book of Deer in Sharon Krossa, "Scottish Gaelic Given Names: s.n. Donnchadh (http://medievalscotland.org/scotnames/gaelicgiven/men/donnchadh.shtml). Donnchaidh is the normalized genitive spelling.

This was pended on the December 2006 LoAR.

ANSTEORRA

Genevria di Betto di Adriano. Name and device. Vert, a lily argent slipped and leaved Or, a tierce ermine.

The submitter requested an authentic 14th C Italian name. The given name Genevria was documented from "Feminine Given Names from Thirteenth Century Perugia" by Arval Benicoeur (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/arval/perugia/perugiaFemAlpha.html). While it seems likely that the given name spelling would be found in the 14th C, without an example of this spelling at that time, we cannot guarantee that this is an authentic Italian name.

Giovanna Bresciana. Name and device. Argent, a saltire cotised between four butterflies gules.

Submitted as Giovanna Bresciano, the byname is documented as a Latin adjectival locative byname. For a Latin byname, we expect its gender to match the gender of the given name, but the gender for Bresciano is masculine. We have changed the name to Giovanna Bresciana to correct the grammar.

Please advise the submitter to draw the butterflies larger.

Luke Aucher. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Nice early 16th C English name!

Raghnailt inghean Toirdhealbhaich. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Thorlein Winkel. Name (see RETURNS for device).

ARTEMISIA

Colin Campbell de Leith. Alternate name Titus Pullo Scottus.

Submitted as Titus Pullo Scotti, the grammar of the cognomen is incorrect. Metron Ariston explains:

The form Scotti is in form either masculine genitive singular or masculine nominative plural, neither of which goes with the other elements which are, as they should be, masculine singular nominative.

We have changed the name to Titus Pullo Scottus to correct the grammar.

There was some question whether this name conflicted with Titus Pullo, one of the main characters from the recent TV series "Rome". The addition of the cognomen means there is no conflict by our rules. In addition, we feel that this TV series is not so well known that its fictional characters are worthy of protection.

Jumana bint al-Nasrani al-Zarqa'. Name.

Submitted as Jumana al-Zarqa' bint al-Nasrani, the pattern [ism] + [nisba] + [nasab] has not been demonstrated in Arabic feminine naming practice. Until such time as examples of it can be found, this pattern is not registerable. We have changed the name to Jumana bint al-Nasrani al-Zarqa' in order to register it.

ATENVELDT

Adrianna von Pfalz. Name.

Some of the documentation for both the given name and the byname was presented as [author] + [page number]. This is not sufficient; names of cited works must be included with documentation, either in the summarization or in a separate bibliography, as well as a summary of relevant information from that work. Failure to include such information may be reason for returning a name. Had the commenters not supplied the missing information, we would have been forced to return this name.

Áedán Mór Mac Donough. Alternate name Erik Eriksson and badge. Gules, in pall inverted four triquetras, the center one inverted, Or.

Anya of Windale. Name and device. Per pale sable and purpure, two butterflies argent.

Arterus O Keynan. Name and device. Or, a chevron pean and in base a double-horned anvil vert.

Submitted as Arterus Keenan, no documentation was submitted and none found to show that the byname Keenan was found in period. Keenan was documented only as a modern Irish form of Ó Cianáin from MacLysaght, Irish Surnames. For more information on MacLysaght was a sole source for Irish name documentation, see this month's cover letter. Woulfe, Irish Names and Surnames, s.n. Ó Cianáin, gives O Keynan as a late period Anglicized form. We have changed the name to Arterus O Keynan in order to register it. This name combines a Latin form of an English name with an Anglicized Gaelic byname; this is one step from period practice.

Caitilín inghean Diarmada. Name and device. Argent, an escallop inverted gules and on a chief sable three roundels argent.

Nice 16th C Irish Gaelic name!

Caitilín inghean Diarmada. Badge. (Fieldless) An escallop inverted gules.

Cassandra la Schrevein. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Nice 13th C English name!

Cerdic Charles. Name and device. Per bend gules and argent, a lion dormant Or and a harp sable.

This name combines Old English and Middle English names and naming patterns. The linguistic combination is one step from period practice.

Christiane Dax. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Christiane Gascogne Dax, no documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that the pattern [given] + [region] + [town name] is found in French. In addition, the element Gascogne was only documented by a page number and book title; this is not sufficient documentation to demonstrate that it is a valid name element. We have changed the name to Christiane Dax in order to register it.

There was some question whether the element Christiane was registerable; it, too, was documented on the LoI with only a book title and page number. The commenters noted Cristiane as an English name dated to 1379 in Talan Gwynek, "Feminine Given Names in A Dictionary of English Surnames" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/talan/reaney) and Christiana from the same source. Given this, Christiane should be a possible English variant; however, we have no evidence of this spelling in French.

Cristina Rose da Napoli. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Deborah of Sundragon. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Desiderata of the Osprey. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Desiderata of Osprey, the byname was documented as an SCA branch name. This branch name is registered as Osprey, Barony of the. We require bynames based on SCA branch names to use the full name of the group, including articles. We have changed the name to Desiderata of the Osprey in order to register it.

Dimarus of Atenveldt. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per pale argent and sable, in saltire a sword and an axe counterchanged.

Submitted under the name Dimarus Adalwin.

Domnall mac Faíltigeirn. Device. Per bend azure and sable, a wolf's head couped contourny within an orle of decrescents Or.

Étaín ingen Áedáin. Name.

This name does not conflict with Étaín ingen Thadgáin, registered July 1999. The removal of the t or th sound at the beginning of the stressed syllable of the patronym combined with the removal of the g at the beginning of the unstressed syllable makes these names significantly different in sound and appearance. Effrick neyn Ken3ocht Mcherrald provides details on the pronunciation differences:

-- the registered name has a "th" sound and a "g" sound not present in the submitted name, and we shouldn't even need to consider the vowel sound differences. (In the Early and Middle Gaelic periods --that is, pre-1200-- Gaelic <th> is pronounced like the <th> in English <thing>.)

For completeness (and because I did all this work before realizing it shouldn't be necessary), let's consider the vowel sounds, too. For the moment, I'll just mark the vowel sound of the first syllable of <Thadgáin> as "1" and the vowel sound of the first syllable of <Áedáin> as "2", with the vowel sound of the second syllable of both as "[schwa]". So, on a first pass, the differences in sound can be represented as:

Thadgáin: "th1thg[schwa]n"

Áedáin: " 2th [schwa]n"

So, there are three sound differences:

1. "th" vs. nothing

2. "g" vs. nothing

3. vowel "1" vs. vowel "2"

Vowel "1" <a< is your basic European short, monophthong <a> sound -- so roughly an "ah" sound like the <a> in English <father> or <law>. It's phonetic description is "open back unrounded" (aka "low back unrounded") and in IPA it is represented by /[something resembling lowercase 'a']/.

Vowel "2" <áe> is not. First, it is long, not short -- that is, it is said for a longer duration/time. (So, said for longer than the time of <ee> in <beet> rather than the much shorter time of <i> in <bit>.) Second, depending on time period, it is either a diphthong (that is, two vowel sounds said in rapid succession) rather than a monophthong like vowel "1" or else the quality of the vowel sound is different from that of vowel "1" (that is, it is said in a different part of the mouth) -- or both.

Fearghus Reamhar mac Maoil Domhnaich mhic Thoirdhealbhaigh. Name and device. Per bend gules and azure, on a bend argent three lions' heads palewise erased azure.

Originally submitted as Fearghus Reamhar mac Mhaoil Domhnaich mhic Thoirdhealbhaigh, the name was changed at kingdom to Fearghus Reamhar mac Maoil Domhnaich mhic Thoirdhealbhaigh, presumably to correct the grammar of the first patronymic. However, no mention that a change was made or of the reason for that change was included on the LoI; a description of any changes made and the reason for such changes are required when changes are made to a name in kingdom. Had the change not been correct or necessary for registration, we would have been forced to either return or pend this name.

Fiordelisia Aviati da Molise. Name and device. Per bend sinister gules and argent, a sprig of three oak leaves vert fructed proper and in dexter chief a mullet of eight points argent.

Submitted as Fiordelisia Aviati di Molise, the locative byname was documented only from the Wikipedia. While the Wikipedia may be a good place to start looking for documentation for a name element, this work is not sufficient sole documentation for a name element. Albion noted the following 11th C forms:

Drell, J.K., Kinship and Conquest. Family Strategies in the Principality of Salerno during the Norman Period, 1077-1194, (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2002) has lists of names in Latin contexts, including <Guimondus de Molise> 1089 and <Rodulfus de Molise> 1088-1092, and the more expected inflected Latin form in <Hugo de Molisio> (p. 40), c. 1150-60.

For Italian, the expected preposition with a locative byname would be da. We have changed the name to Fiordelisia Aviati da Molise to correct the grammar.

Please advise the submitter to draw the oak sprig larger.

Gaius Romanus. Name and device. Per chevron azure and argent, in base a pellet.

Submitted as Gaius se R{o-}mwalh, the submitter requested an authentic name for post Roman Britian. While the name Gaius is found in Roman Britain (Martin Henig, Religion in Roman Britian p 174 lists a 2nd C inscription with the name Gaius Indutius Felix), there is no evidence that the name Gaius survived into the Saxon era. For an authentic name in post Roman Britian meaning "Gaius the Roman", we would expect a fully Latin form (the individual bearing the name would be a foreigner). We have changed the name to the fully Latin Gaius Romanus to meet the submitter's request for authenticity.

Godfrey of Argyle. Name (see RETURNS for device).

The documentation for the byname was not adequately summarized; only the author, title, and page number were included. It is not sufficient to say where you found a name, you must also state what the work says about the name. Failure to do so may be reason for return. In this case, the commenters provided the missing information.

There was some question whether the name Argyle or Argyll was unique to the Lords of Argyle. Precedent holds that it is not:

There was some question whether Argyll was a unique surname of the Campbells based on the statement from Black, "Sir Duncan Campbell...created Lord Campbell in 1445, was the first of the family who took the designation of Argyll..." However, the full quote makes it clear that Argyll is adopted as a locative, "Sir Duncan Cambell or Cambelle of Lochow,...was the first of the family who took the designation of Argyll in addition to, and sometimes in place of Lochow." There is a well attested pattern of inherited surnames in Scotland that are formed from placenames; although Argyll is not documented as a surname, it is documented as a placename. [Angus Argyll of Clyde, November 2004]

Grace O'Leary. Name.

Submitted as Grace O'Leary, there was some question whether the spelling O'Leary was a spelling found in period. Thomas Stafford, Pacata Hibernia Ireland appeased and reduced, published in 1633 has the chiefly title O'Lerie and a reference to the O'Leries on p 96. John Windele, Historical and descriptive notices of the city of Cork and its vicinity, p 73, notes: "In the Roche MSS. is a grant, dated 13th Aug. 1588,...to Wm. Kyent of Corck, Sheareman, and Honory ny Learie, his wife." Given these examples, O'Leary seems a reasonable extrapolation. If the submitter is interested in an authentic Anglicized Irish name, we suggest Grace ny Learie. The corresponding Gaelic form of this name is Gráinne inghean Uí Laoghaire. Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index to Names in Irish Annals", (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/mari/AnnalsIndex), notes the name Gráinne in several dates between 1317 and 1582.

Grainne the Red. Badge. (Fieldless) An enfield rampant within and conjoined to an annulet argent.

Gudrun Elizabeth Johansdottir. Badge. Argent, a hurst of fir trees proper between three gunstones, a chief gules.

Ida Grim. Name.

Isabeau Vize. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Iuliana inghean Phadraig. Name.

Jacques le Paige. Name.

Nice 15th C French name!

Kolbj{o,}rn bjarki. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Lilie Rose Sinclair. Name and device. Quarterly azure semy-de-lys argent, and sable, a wolf rampant contourny argent.

Submitted as Lily Rose Sinclair, the spellings Lily and Lili are not registerable:

Submitted as Lili of Eastham, no documentation was provided for the spelling of the given name. We have therefore changed it to a form dated to 1247 in Reaney and Wilson's A Dictionary of English Surnames. [Lilie of Eastham, 11/00, A-East].

No further evidence was provided with this submission for Lily or Lili. We have changed the name to Lilie Rose Sinclair in order to register it.

Malinda Angelanne Hohen van Kester. Name change from Malinda Angelanne Elkhaven.

Listed on the LoI as Malinda Angelanne Hohen von Kester, the forms showed Malinda Angelanne Hohen van Kester. Since the placename is Belgian, van is the expected preposition. We have changed the name back to the originally submitted form.

The names Malinda and Angelanne are grandfathered to the submitter; they are parts of her currently registered name.

Her old name, Malinda Angelanne Elkhaven, is released.

Margareta Marrian. Name.

Markús inn fasthaldi Vagnsson. Name and device. Argent, a stag rampant and on a chief azure four increscents argent.

Submitted as Markús inn fasthaldi Vagnson, the correct genitive form of Vagn is Vagns. We have changed the name to Markús inn fasthaldi Vagnsson to correct the grammar.

Nicholas Greyland. Name and device. Argent, a demi-sun within a bordure sable.

Nicholas Simon deKane. Device. Per bend sinister Or and sable, a greyhound's head and a greyhound's head inverted and reversed, both issuant from the line of division and counterchanged.

Owen le Maillier. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Nice 13th C English name!

Robert MacAlister of Leslie. Name and device (see RETURNS for badge). Per fess wavy argent and barry wavy azure and argent, a sword between in chief two hearts gules.

Tadhg mac Briain Uí Ghradaigh. Name and device. Per fess argent and sable, a lion rampant counterchanged.

Submitted as Tadhg mac Briain O'Gradaigh, the name has two problems. First, it combines the Anglicized patronymic particle O' with an otherwise Gaelic name. The submitter allows the level of changes necessary to fix this, which also allows us to fix the other problem. Because the first patronymic is present (mac Briain), Gaelic grammar requires that the second patronymic (Ó Gradaigh) be in the genitive case. The expected form for this is Uí Ghradaigh. We have changed the name to Tadhg mac Briain Uí Ghradaigh to correct the grammar. We note that the submitted second patronymic O'Gradaigh mixes an Anglicized patronymic particle with an otherwise Gaelic name in violation of RfS III.1.a, Lingistic Consistency. However, the necessary grammar changes have eliminated this issue.

Nice arms.

Thomas de l'Espee. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Thomas L'Épéiste, the byname was documented as a modern translation of the word "swordsman". No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that the word Épéiste is a period spelling. Rowel notes Robert de l'Espée in 1292 from Hercule Geraud, Paris sous Philippe-le-Bel: d'aprés des documents originaux et notamment d'aprés un manuscript contenant Le Rôle de la taille imposée sur les habitants de Paris en 1292. The accents in this work are modern editorial editions, so this would represent de l'Espee. We have changed the name to Thomas de l'Espee in order to register it.

Tomas y Saer. Name and device. Per pale gules and sable, a Lochaber axe and a handsaw both argent hafted Or, within an orle Or.

The LoI noted that the "saw depicted in the armory is identical to one being used in scene of Noah building the Ark, from the Bedford Book of Hours, of Lord Michael Limner. The information is taken from Ian Friel's The Good Ship: Ships, Shipbuilding and Technology in England 1200-1520, (Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 1995), p. 60." This same saw is also found in Singer's "A History of Technology", vol.2, plate 30. We have elected to use Singer's term for the type of saw, a handsaw, rather than simply a saw as it was originally blazoned.

ATLANTIA

Atlantia, Kingdom of. Badge (see RETURNS for other badge). (Fieldless) On an escallop Or a rose azure.

This badge does not conflict with the Barony of Seleone's badge, (Fieldless) On an escallop Or a fountain. There is a CD for fieldlessness. The question was raised whether or not there was a CD for the changes to the tertiary charge since only half the tincture of the tertiary charge had been changed. Golden Dolphin wrote:

The Rules for Submission say that changes to tertiary charges must affect all charges in the group, not that that changes of tincture must be complete to count towards difference. Changing azure to barry wavy azure and argent would count as a tincture change in a primary or secondary group of charges just as changing azure to argent would as fully half of the tincture is changed. Likewise changing half the tincture of a tertiary charge should count as a tincture change contributing to difference as long as that change applies to all the charges in the tertiary group. That is clearly the case here so not only the change of type in the entire charge group (roundel to rose) but also the tincture (barry wavy azure and argent to azure) should contribute to difference.

Golden Dolphin is correct - the tincture change effects every charge in the tertiary charge group, therefore there is a second CD for changing the type and tincture of the tertiary charge.

The LoI stated that this was to be associated with the Queen's Order of Courtesy. The kingdom believed this to be a generic identifier. However, order names cannot be generic:

The key is for the name to be unarguably generic. Lyondemere Baronial Guard is functional, generic, and thus not held to conflict standards. The Lyondemere Levy, a deliberately alliterative name, is not generic, and must meet the normal name submission standards; once registered, it is then protected equally with Order names. (Notice that there are no generic Order names.) Generic names may only be registered by SCA branches, for common branch functions; but such generic names need not be checked for conflict, any more than the names of officers. [Cover Letter, January 1993]

We note that as an order name this is in conflict with Queen's Order of Courtesy, registered to the Kingdom of the East in February 1982.

Atlantia, Kingdom of. Badge for Award of the Silver Osprey. (Fieldless) A sword palewise Or between and sustained by two ospreys rising respectant argent.

Atlantia, Kingdom of. Badge for Award of the Sea Tyger. (Fieldless) A sea tyger per fess azure and Or.

Atlantia, Kingdom of. Badge for Order of the Sea Dragon. (Fieldless) A sea dragon per fess azure and argent.

Atlantia, Kingdom of. Badge for Award of the Alcyon. (Fieldless) In pale a kingfisher rising sustaining an escallop azure.

Atlantia, Kingdom of. Badge association with guild name Académie d'Espée. Argent, a billet between two unicornate natural seahorses azure.

Chrestienne Chabrier. Device. Azure, a dragon's head erased Or and on a chief invected argent, three spools of thread vert.

Erik Olafssen. Name.

Nice 16th C Norwegian name!

Khadir bar Yosef ha-Kuzari. Name change from Muirghen Ruadh.

Her old name, Muirghen Ruadh, is retained as an alternate name.

Líadan ingen Fháeláin. Name.

Livia di Samuele. Name and device. Or, a butterfly within a star of David and in chief a label of five points azure.

Marinus, Barony of. Badge for Scriptorium Marini (see RETURNS for household name). Per pale vert and azure, an open scroll and on a chief argent a quill pen sable.

Scriptorium Marini, as is noted in the return of the household name, is a generic identifier.

Morgant Capellanus. Name.

Phillip of Ghent. Device change. Per chevron argent and vert, two fir trees eradicated vert, each charged with a coronet, and a hawk striking argent.

The submitter is a court baron and thus entitled to display a coronet.

His prior device, Per chevron argent and vert, two fir trees eradicated and a hawk stooping counterchanged, is released.

Phillip of Ghent. Release of device. Argent, a monster consisting of the coiled body of a serpent and the head and breasts of a woman vert, crined and orbed gules.

This device should have been released or changed to a badge in March 1984 when Per chevron argent and vert, two fir trees eradicated and a hawk stooping counterchanged was registered. The submitter has been contacted and has stated that this device is to be released.

Stierbach, Barony of. Order name Award of Saint Roch.

Tessa de Spina. Name and device. Per saltire azure and vert, a saltire and in chief a dragonfly argent.

This mixes an Italian given name with a Spanish byname; this is one step from period practice.

Thomas of Chester. Name.

William of Wolverhampton. Device. Sable, on a chief embattled Or three arrows fesswise gules.

CAID

Alice le Sage. Name.

Originally submitted as Alice le Sage, the name was changed at kingdom to Alice la Sage to match the gender of the submitter. However, in England, by the mid-13th C it is common to see the masculine article le used to modify occupational and descriptive bynames for women. Given this, we have changed the name back to the originally submitted form; we note that both Alice le Sage and Alice la Sage are registerable.

Aubray Brangwyne de Vitry. Name.

Submitted as Aubray Brangwyne de Vitré, no documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that Vitré is a spelling used in period for this place. The place is period; not only does the submitter's documentation demonstrate this, but Dauzat and Rostaing, Dictionnaire étymologique de mons de lieux en France, s.n. Vitrac, have a listing for a modern Vitré. According to this work, this place is recorded in Latin as Vitriacus in 987. Albion notes the name de Vitry in her article "French Names from Paris, 1421, 1423, and 1438" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/french/paris1423.html); Dauzat and Rostaing, in the entry mentioned above, list Vitry in 1228 and Vitry le François in 1558. We have changed the name to Aubray Brangwyne de Vitry in order to register it.

Caid, Kingdom of. Badge. Azure, a greyhound rampant regardant collared within a bordure embattled argent.

The badge was submitted with the identifier Hounds of Caid Guild. The grammar of this name does not follow patterns found in generic identifiers or documented guild names. First, hounds are not an occupation or product of an occupation, as we would expect with a generic guild designator. In addition, we are not aware of any guild names following the pattern [animal] of [place] + guild. The name Hounds of Caid Guild is not a generic designator and may not be listed as such.

Cecilia Lightfoot. Device (see RETURNS for badge). Gules, on a chevron between two harps and a lion Or five quatrefoils gules and on a chief potenty Or three martlets gules.

Clare von Kallenberg. Name.

Diana Reynard la rouge. Name and device. Argent, a fox's mask gules and on a chief azure three crescents argent.

Diego Antonio de Vega y Palma. Name.

Submitted as Diego Antonio Vega de Palma, no documentation was submitted and none found for Spanish bynames of the form [unmarked locative] + [locative] in period. Precedent states:

The primary problem with the name is the form: [given name] [given name] [locative] [given name] [locative]. A quick survey of the first 4000 names (AC) in the sixth volume of the Catalogo (dating around 1580), shows of those names, 5 had possibly four elements, and none had five. Of those five names, two (María Alvarez de Sotomayor de Quiroga and Pedro Gonzalez de Baeza de los Hermanos) are probably actually of the form [given name] [patronymic] [compound locative]. One other (Diego de Peralta Cabeza de Vaca) is probably of the form [given name] [locative] [compound locative] as Cabeza de Vaca is independently listed as a place name (in volume IV). The other two use the modern y formation: Diego García de Montalvo y Colindra and Miguel Jeronimo de Mendoza y Arquillada. [Constanzia Maria Morales Enzina d'Zamora, October 1997]

Further, Palimpsest notes:

While unmarked locatives are found as single bynames, I have seen no examples of unmarked locatives used in compound bynames. To make a compound byname with two locative elements, this needs to be altered to "de Vega y Palma" or "de la Vega y de Palma" (both "de Vega" and "de la Vega" are found in my Spanish names from the Late 15th Century: http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/isabella/).

We have changed the name to Diego Antonio de Vega y Palma in order to register it.

Douglas of Kent. Name.

Faizah al-Zarqa. Name change from Fa'izah al-Zarqa'.

Submitted as Faizeh al-Zarqa, it is doubtful that the -eh and -ah are interchangeable transliterations. Palimpsest explains:

In classical Arabic, there are six vowels, which we generally record as a, i, u, {a-}, {i-}, and {u-} (aa, ii, and uu). The short vowels take the sounds \ah\, \ee\, and \oo\; the long vowels are the same sound, but pronounced for a longer duration. The transcription <-eh> reflects a form found in modern colloquial Arabic in several different countries, but is not found in classical Arabic or Modern Standard Arabic. Thus, while you may find modern names with <-eh>, I've never seen a medieval name with that spelling. Some commenters observed a few spellings from Da'ud's article "Period Arabic Names and Naming Practices" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/arabic-naming2.htm) which use <e> to reproduce a sound in Arabic. Da'ud took data from some sources which follow relatively casual transcription standards, and spelling patterns which occur only once or twice in it should therefore not be taken as models to be followed in other names.

We have changed the name to Faizah al-Zarqa in order to register it. Please note that this is an alternative transliteration of her previously registered name; the pronunciation is identical, and both would be written the same in Arabic.

Her old name, Fa'izah al-Zarqa', is released.

George Edward Archer. Device. Argent, three anvils sable.

Nice armory.

Godfrey of Paxton. Name.

Isabella de Mereworth. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Jumana al-Zarqa'. Name and device. Argent, three flames sable.

Nice armory.

Justin Brekleg. Device. Azure, a bend argent between a sun in splendor and a lion rampant Or.

Matlens Litovka. Name and device. Per bend sinister argent and azure, a brown rabbit statant regardant proper and a mullet of six points Or.

Mora Ottavia Spadera. Badge. (Fieldless) An artichoke Or.

We note that an artichoke has its stem to base by default.

Ottavia Fortunati. Name and device. Per fess sable and Or, three goblets counterchanged.

Raphael ben Gideon. Name (see PENDS for device).

Raphael ben Gideon. Household name Inn of the Crimson Spade and badge. (Fieldless) A card pique gules.

Rhiannon Asling. Name.

Rhiannon is a popular modern Welsh name that has been ruled SCA compatible. However, there is no evidence that it was used by humans in period.

Richard of Black Iron. Reblazon of badge. (Fieldless) On a ball of flame proper a single-horned anvil reversed sable.

Registered in July 1989 with the blazon Argent, a single-horned anvil reversed sable, enflamed proper, there have consistently been conflict calls against this armory. Laurel has previously ruled: "We considered reblazoning Richard's armory as a flame proper charged with an anvil sable, but the shape of the flame so generated would be so unusual as to be unacceptable. Therefore we are maintaining the current blazon. [Leonardo Giovanni, 09/02, A-East]" At this time, given the continued conflict calls against this armory, we are reblazoning it to more accurately reflect the emblazon. This is blazoned as a ball of flame so that (hopefully) an artist working from the blazon will be able to generate the correct shape of the flame. There is no heraldic difference between this ball of flame proper and a flame proper.

Roland FitzWilliam de Montaillou. Name.

Submitted as Roland fitzWilliam de Montaillou, in English, when the patronymic fitz is compounded with a given name to form a single word, either the F in fitz is capitalized, or the entire name appears in all lowercase. We have, therefore, changed the name to Roland FitzWilliam de Montaillou.

Tancrède Larcade. Device. Azure, a caltrop argent, on a chief Or a bottle fesswise reversed azure.

Virginia Read. Name and device. Per chevron sable and vert, a chevron rompu and in base a fox rampant Or, detailed argent.

Please advise the submitter to draw the lower portion of the chevron rompu the same width as the upper portion

CALONTIR

Aron Helmschmidt. Device. Counter-ermine, a ram clymant ermine.

Bianca Fioretta da Ravenna. Blanket permission to conflict with device. Purpure, a cross moline disjointed, a bordure Or.

Permission to conflict is granted for any armory that is not identical to her device.

Delis Alms. Name change from Arian Rose of Nairn and device change. Per pale purpure and vert, a dragon rampant to sinister, between its forefeet a mullet of eight points argent.

Her old name, Arian Rose of Nairn, is released.

Her previous device, Vert, a winged lion segreant to sinister, between its forepaws a rose, all within an orle argent, is released.

Delis Alms. Badge. (Fieldless) A compass star elongated to base per pale argent and Or.

As the compass star is divided, Eleanor Leonard's blanket permission to conflict with her badge, (Tinctureless) A mullet of four points distilling a goutte, applies.

Elena of Axed Root. Name.

Etta Holte. Name change from holding name Elena of Calontir.

Gafanko Popovich. Name and device. Per bend sinister azure and gules, a bend sinister and in dexter chief a spider web throughout argent.

Spiderwebs are at least gray period, but as used here they have been ruled a step from period practice (v. Victoria of Cúm an Iolair, 03/2005):

While spiderwebs are described in Guillim's Display of Heraldry, 1632, the only known examples show the spiderweb alone and covering the entire field. Using the spiderweb on only half the field is thus a step from period practice.

Iphis Psellina. Device. Sable, on a lozenge purpure fimbriated between three crescents a double-bitted axe argent.

Katrei Grünenberg. Augmentation. Vert, on a pile wavy issuant from dexter chief argent, a comet purpure, as an augmentation, on an escutcheon overall purpure, a cross of Calatrava within a bordure Or.

Bianca Fioretta de Ravenna has submitted a blanket letter of permission to conflict with her device, Purpure, a cross moline disjointed, a bordure Or. This letter is accepted above and allows the augmentation, Purpure, a cross of Calatrava within a bordure Or, to be accepted.

Kit Fox. Badge. (Fieldless) A sea-coney contourny argent tailed azure.

Niall mac Broin. Name and device. Vert, a bear rampant contourny between three crosses moline disjointed argent.

Submitted as Niall mac Broina, the patronymic was documented from MacLysaght, Irish Surnames. Gaelic spellings given in this work are 20th C spellings; these spellings are not registerable unless they can be shown to have been used in period. We were unable to find this spelling in period. However, the name mac Broin appears in the Annals of Ulster including entries for 843. We have changed the name to Niall mac Broin, (which is, incidentally, an authentic 9th C Middle Irish form), in order to register it.

Pipa Sparkes. Badge. (Fieldless) A furison vert.

The submitter has permission to conflict with the Barony of the Forgotten Sea's badge, (Fieldless) A Ukrainian trident head vert.

Sofya Rous and and Sifrid von Eichelborn. Joint badge. (Fieldless) An owl argent sustaining and perched upon an oak sprig fesswise fructed Or.

Susannah Griffon. Badge. Azure, in fess a cross of Calatrava sustained by a talbot passant Or.

Sywe inghean an Aba. Name.

The submitter requested an authentic Scottish name. As submitted, the name combines a Scots given name with a Gaelic byname. An authentic Scottish name would be either entirely Scots, using names found in the Scots naming pool, entirely Gaelic, using names found in the Gaelic naming pool, or a translation into Scots of names found in the Gaelic naming pool. We have no evidence that a form of the name Sywe was ever use as a Gaelic name. The byname is a modern Gaelic spelling from Black, The Surnames of Scotland, s.n. MacNab. Unfortunately, while we have records in Latin and Scots for the name MacNab, it is unclear whether it was found as an independent Scots surname during our period (that is to say, a name born by a native Scots speaker as opposed to a Scots spelling of a Gaelic name). This means that we are unable to make the name authentic as requested. However, if the submitter is interested in a having a fully Scots form of the name (which would provide a linguistically consistent name although one whose authenticity is questionable), we suggest Sywe M'Nab. The name Johne M'Nab is found in a Scots bond of manrent dated to 1549; this is from the "The Black Book of Taymouth" and Other Papers from the Breadalbane Charter Room.

This name mixes Scots and Scottish Gaelic; this is one step from period practice.

William Graver and Pipa Sparkes. Joint badge. Vert estencely, a vol argent and overall a graver, point to base, Or.

Wrenna of Crescent Moon. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per saltire argent and gules, two lions couchant reguardant, that in base contourny, gules and two horses rampant reguardant addorsed argent.

Submitted under the name Wrenna Branch.

Yngvarr gráfeldarskáld. Name and device. Per pale and per saltire argent and gules, on a pall sable a bezant.

Submitted as Yngvarr gráfeldrskáld, the nickname gráfeldr should be put in the genitive case to form the compound byname shown here. We have changed the name to Yngvarr gráfeldarskáld to correct the grammar.

DRACHENWALD

Aveline des Ferrières. Name.

EALDORMERE

Augustyn von Brixen. Name and device. Lozengy vert and Or, on a pale sable three pheons Or.

Please advise the submitter that drawing the pale against Or lozenges rather than sable lozenges would improve the contrast.

Bethóc ingen Mael Féchín Fynletyr. Device. Per saltire purpure and gules, a sea-unicorn argent within a bordure per saltire Or and argent.

Please advise the submitter to draw the sea-unicorn slightly smaller so that it doesn't touch the bordure.

Bruce MacDonald of Strathbogie. Name and device. Argent, a pall sable and on a chief enarched azure three plates.

Bruce is the submitter's legal given name.

There was some question whether the spelling Strathbogie was found in period. The "Dictionary of the Scots Language" (http://www.dsl.ac.uk), s.v. Get, has this quote from the late 16th C "He stayit ... quhill Monro took get to Strathbogie." Therefore, the locative spelling is fine for the late 16th C.

Mateo de Merida. Badge. Argent, a winged frog sejant contourny gules and a bordure vert.

Medb ingen Dúngaile. Device. Azure fretty argent, a weaver's slea and a bordure Or.

Please advise the submitter to draw the bordure wider.

Rebecca of Ealdormere. Name.

EAST

Alaxandar an Chobhlaigh mac Lochloinn. Name and device. Vert, a sea-griffin passant within a bordure argent.

Bera Gunnarsdóttir. Name change from Talon the Black.

Her old name, Talon the Black, is retained as an alternative name.

Bricia de Neubold. Name and device. Vert, three chevronels braced and in chief three empty embroiderer's quills Or.

Nice Latinized 13th C English name!

Embroiderer's quills (and yarn quills) are palewise by default.

Johann Lederer. Name.

Nice 14th C German name!

Milisandia Owen. Name.

LOCHAC

Bosenberg, Shire of. Branch name (see RETURNS for device).

Draco de Euruic. Device. Gules, a triskelion of dragon's heads and on a bordure argent an orle sable.

Geffrey ðe Wulf. Blanket permission to conflict with name (see RETURNS for blanket permission to conflict with device).

This letter grants a blanket permission to conflict for names that are similar but not identical to this registered name.

Lowry ferch Gwenwynwyn ap Llewelyn. Device. Argent, a bordure pean.

Nice armory. Please advise the submitter to draw larger ermine spots.

Radburne, Shire of. Branch name and device. Azure, a sun within and conjoined to a laurel wreath Or, on a chief wavy argent a bar wavy gules.

Wolfstanus Crakescheld. Device. Per chevron rayonny gules and Or, in base a wyvern statant sable.

Yves de Lyle. Device. Azure, a phoenix Or issuing from flames gules within an orle of fleurs-de-lys argent.

MERIDIES

Aoibheann an Einigh inghean Tighearnáin. Device. Per pall argent, purpure, and vert, in pale a strawberry proper and a sheaf of arrows argent.

Brandr bassi Ketilsson. Name.

Nice Old Norse name!

Eber mac Flainn. Device. Argent, a chevron nebuly between three dragons segreant vert.

George von Gerolstein. Name and device. Gyronny gules and Or, a chalice and on a chief sable a dragon passant argent.

George is the submitter's legal given name.

Please advise the submitter to draw the chief wider so that the dragon can grow.

Gunnarr ísungr. Name and device. Azure, in pale a bear passant and an escarbuncle argent.

Submitted as Gunnar Snaebjorn, the submitter desired a byname meaning "snow bear". Snaebjorn is not registerable:

Old Norse does not use unmarked patronymics, so the proper ON name formed from these elements would be varr SnÆbjarnarson [sic]. The Old Norse nickname for ice bear (polar bear) is hvítabjörn, not snaebjorn. Since the submitter refuses to take changes, we have no choice but to return the name." [Ivar Snaebjorn 12/1996]

However, there is an attested nickname with the meaning of "ice bear" or "polar bear":

The byname ís Björn does not follow a byname pattern found in any Scandinavian language. It combines the word "is" 'ice' with an apparent unmarked patronymic. The submitter intended a name meaning "polar bear" or "ice bear", but this is not it. Cleasby/Vigfusson, An Icelandic-English Dictionary, s.n. ísungr, lists ísungr as a nickname with the desired meaning from Sturlunga Saga. [Lars ís Björn, June 2006]

We have changed the name to Gunnarr ísungr, a name with the desired meaning, in order to register it.

Hákon {o,}lfúss Stígsson. Name.

Submitted as Hákon olfúss Stígsson, the documentation for the descriptive byname shows it spelled with an o-ogonek. In Old Norse, o and o-ogonek are not interchangeable. We typically register o-ogonek as {o,}; this represents the character o with a hook under it. We have changed the name to Hákon {o,}lfúss Stígsson in order to register it.

Harold of Arenal. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Azure, a chevron embattled Or, overall a wooden-gripped sword proper.

Blazoned on the LoI as a sword proper, a sword proper has an argent blade and an Or hilt (including the pommel and quillons. The sword in this emblazon has a brown grip (the handle portion of the hilt) with an Or pommel and quillons. We note that just as a sword proper does not have a tincture CD from a sword argent, the sword in this submission is heraldically equivalent to a sword argent.

Submitted under the name Harold of Barthe.

Henry Fox of Oak Hill. Name and device. Per bend Or and gules, on a bend argent fimbriated sable between an oak leaf gules and a sun Or three mullets palewise sable.

Magdalena Szezemayna von Harten. Name and device. Or, a squirrel sejant erect maintaining an acorn and on a chief engrailed vert a roundel between an increscent and a decrescent Or.

Submitted as Magdalena von Harten Szezemayna, no documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that double bynames in German names followed the pattern von [locative] + [patronymic]. We have changed the name to the more usual pattern, [patronymic] + von [locative], and registered the name as Magdalena Szezemayna von Harten.

This name combines German and Russian; this is one step from period practice.

Margherita da Fiorenza. Name and device. Quarterly azure and vert, a cross of four lozenges and a bordure Or.

Margherita da Fiorenza. Badge. (Fieldless) A cross of four lozenges Or within and conjoined to an annulet azure.

Rosamond Playfayre. Name.

Seamus Mac Enrig. Device. Per bend sinister sable and azure, a bend sinister embattled-counter-embattled Or between a wolf salient and an ivy leaf argent.

MIDDLE

Constance Joyce. Name.

Gredechin Kyferin von Sachsen. Name change from holding name Julie of Westmere.

Nice 15th C German name!

Gunnarr of Tirnewydd. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Argent, in pale three golpes.

Submitted under the name Gunnarr Sigurðar son.

Gwyneth verch Ieuan. Name.

Qal`at Ja`far, Shire of. Branch name.

Listed on the LoI as Qal `al Ja` far, the forms show Qal`at Ja`far. The originally submitted form is supported by the submitted documentation, so we assume that the form listed on the LoI contains a few typos. We have changed the name back to the originally submitted form.

Raphael Delchambre. Name and device. Per pall gules, argent and azure, a cross of Santiago Or and two lions combatant counterchanged.

Delchambre is the submitter's legal surname.

OUTLANDS

Alice of al-Barran. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per pale argent and Or, a frog azure between flaunches purpure each charged with an arrow Or.

Submitted under the name Ia of Basle.

Ayesha bint Da'ud ibn Da'ud al-Kabir. Name (see PENDS for device).

Béla Kós. Badge. Per saltire gules and argent, on a pellet a skull argent.

Dairine Mor O hUigin. Reblazon of device. Per bend sinister purpure and argent, a demi-unicorn and a demi-unicorn inverted and reversed, both issuant from the line of division and counterchanged.

Registered in April 1989 with the blazon Per bend sinister purpure and argent, a demi-unicorn and a demi-unicorn inverted, both issuant from the line of division and counterchanged, the blazon did not indicate that the lowermost unicorn is reversed as well as inverted.

Elyenora Danyel de La Roche. Device. Argent, a dragon's head couped gules and in chief two increscent moons azure.

Hawk's Hollow, Canton of. Badge. Or, a hooded hawk's head erased gules, hooded sable.

The hood is not considered a tertiary charge, any more than vesting on a human, and therefore does not need good contrast with the hawk's head. This is functionally equivalent to a hawk's head gules detailed sable.

Julianne Journé. Name and device. Gyronny Or and azure, eight butterflies in annulo counterchanged.

Lasairfhíona inghean an Sheanchaide. Name and device. Per pale gules and sable, three Lacy knots argent.

Submitted as Lasairfhíona inghean Seanchaide, the patronymic is formed not from a given name, but from a descriptive byname. When patronymics are formed from descriptive bynames, the article an is generally added. In addition, because it modifies a feminine given name, the patronym needs to be lenited. We have changed the name to Lasairfhíona inghean an Sheanchaide to correct the grammar.

This does not conflict with the device for Katla úlfhéðinn, Per pale gules and sable, three snakes nowed argent. Katla's snakes are nowed in Cavendish knots; there is a substantial (X.2) difference between a Lacy knot and these nowed snakes. We decline to rule at this time whether this difference extends to standard Cavendish knots. We encourage the College to provide research on whether or not substantial difference should be granted between various types of knots.

Merlyn Vollarc. Name.

Myhell Ruadh. Name.

Rosa Maria di Mazza. Name.

Skyper Anders. Name.

Nice 15th C Danish name!

Umamah bint Zayd al-Andalusiyyah. Name.

Submitted as Umamah bint Zayd al-Andalusiyya, the Arabic letter at the end of Umamah and al-Andalusiyya is the same; both words end with the taa' mabuut.a.. We require that names use a consistent transliteration standard for registration. We have changed the name to Umamah bint Zayd al-Andalusiyyah to make the transliteration consistent; we note that Umama bint Zayd al-Andalusiyya is also a consistent transliteration.

William Cameron de Blakstan. Name change from holding name Kerry of Windkeep.

Cameron is the submitter's legal middle name. It is a surname by type; therefore, this name follows the pattern [given] + [surname] + [locative].

WEST

Colyne Jak Leslie. Name.

This name uses a double-given name in a Scots name. This is one step from period practice.

Helen of Avebury. Name and device. Or, a dragonfly vert within a bordure wavy sable.

Originally submitted as Helen of Avebury, the name was changed at kingdom to Heleyne de Aveburia, a 13th C form of the given name with a Latinized locative byname to comply for the submitter's request for an authentic 12th-14th C name; Helen is an expected vernacular spelling of the name. Albion notes, "Watts [Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-Names, Based on the Collections of the English Place-Name Society], s.n. Avebury has the following forms: <Avesbiria>, <-beria>, <-byry> 1114-1256, <Aveberia>, <-biri>, <-biry>, <-bery>, <-bury> c. 1180-1332, <Avenesbur'> 1255, <Avenebyr'> 1268, <Abury> 1386..." Given evidence that the originally submitted form is an authentic 14th C English name, we have changed the name back to the originally submitted form.

Jennet of Twominds. Reblazon of device. Per pale argent and sable, a sun in his splendor per pale sable and argent eclipsed counterchanged.

Registered in March 1975 with the blazon Per pale argent and sable, a sun in his splendor throughout of the field, rayed and featured counterchanged, the tinctures of the various portions of the sun were unclear. The central portion of the sun is per pale argent and sable; the rays (and facial features) are per pale sable and argent. The sun is not throughout, as the original blazon made it appear.

Merewyn of Ynys Taltraeth. Device. Argent, a bat-winged amphisbaena vert, a base engrailed barry engrailed azure and argent.

Amphisbaenae have feathered wings by default; the one in this submission has bat-wings, a fact that must be explicitly blazoned.

Quentyn Arey. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Quentyn Ayerie, the intended meaning of the byname was "nest of a bird of prey". No documentation was submitted and none found showing a pattern of English bynames or placenames based on an animal's lair or bird's nest. The submitter indicated that, if the name had to be changed, the sound "AY-REE" was most important to him. Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, s.n. Airey, derives this surname from a river name, and date the spelling Arey to 1522. We have changed the name to Quentyn Arey in order to register it and to retain the sound requested by the submitter.

Ruaidhrí Mac Diarmada. Name.

Stuart of Lindley. Reblazon of device. Azure, a sun argent eclipsed sable, a chief argent.

Registered in January 1986 with the blazon Azure, a sun eclipsed sable, a chief argent, the tincture of the sun was omitted.

Susannah of Ely. Name and device. Azure fretty Or, semy of eels erect contourny tails involved argent.

Originally submitted as Susannah of Ely, the name was changed at kingdom to Susanna of Ely, because no documentation had been found for the spelling Susannah in period. The spelling Susannah appears dated to 1598 and 1600, in Aryanhwy merch Catmael "English Given Names from 16th and Early 17th Century Marriage Records" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/english/parishes/parishes.html). Given these examples, we have changed the name back to the originally submitted form.

There was much discussion concerning these eels and whether or not they were identifiable as eels. In period armory a lot of eels were pretty much indistinguishable from snakes; you only knew they were eels because of the cant, as in the civic arms of Ahlen [Siebmacher 220]. In this case, the cant on Ely makes it clear these must be eels and thus we have retained the submitted blazon of eels.

Úlfr hinn sterki. Name.

Submitted as Kveld-Úlfur hinn sterki, the submitted requested an authentic Old Norse name. In the Old Norse period, the name Kveld-Úlfur appears to be unique:

"Kveldulfr av Ulfsgaard. Name. As Vesper notes, "Kveld-Ulfr" may well be a unique name like "Skalla-Grimr": the adjective "kveld" was added to the given name "Ulfr" for the grandfather of Egil Skallagrimsson, a famous berserker. He was apparently given the name because he only came alive in the evenings and possibly because he was considered b [sic] some to be a werewolf in actuality. (Some superstitious folk considered that the berserkers actually became their totemic animals in the heat of battle and Geirr Bassi lists "Kveld-Ulfr" only in his section on bynames, giving that meaning (p. 24)." [LoAR 10/1988]

While this name has been registered three times since then, no evidence was presented with any of these submissions showing that the name was not unique; as such, they are mistakes -- not precedent. We note that Úlfur appears to be an English translation of the Old Norse name Úlfr. The submitted noted that, if the name was not registerable as submitted, he would permit dropping the prepended byname. We have changed the name to Úlfr hinn sterki in order to register it. As registered, this is an authentic Old Norse name.

Zinaida Or"shinaia. Name.

Submitted as Zinaida Or'shinaia, the documentation for the byname shows Or"shinaia. Both ' and " are transcriptions for letters in the Library of Congress transcription system for Russian, the transcription system used for both elements in this name. The transcription ' represents the letter myagkeey znahk while " represents the letter tvyordiy znahk. We have changed the name to Zinaida Or"shinaia to match the documentation.

- Explicit littera accipendorum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN RETURNED FOR FURTHER WORK:

ÆTHELMEARC

None.

AN TIR

Kaldor, Canton of. Branch name and device. Gules, a pantheon rampant to sinister argent mullety of six points purpure, between its forelegs a laurel wreath argent, and on a point pointed Or a Heneage knot gules.

Aural conflict with Cawdor Castle, the location where "murder most foul" took place in Shakespeare's Macbeth. This place is worthy of protection.

Blazoned on the LoI as a maintained laurel wreath, the pantheon is not touching it; therefore the laurel wreath is a secondary charge, not a maintained charge. This would have been pended for further conflict checking with the secondary charge, except that the name was returned.

Since the name was returned, and holding names cannot be formed for branches, we must also return the armory.

Vikarr Vikingsson. Device. Purpure, a lion rampant contourny queue-forchy within a orle of chain Or.

This device is returned as the tincture of the field is neither clearly purpure nor azure. Those at the Wreath meeting were split on what the tincture actually was.

The submitter is a member of the Order of the Chivalry and thus entitled to display an orle of chain.

ANSTEORRA

Fiontan Ó Cuaig. Name.

No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that the patronymic Ó Cuaig was used in period. The name is documented from MacLysaght, Irish Surnames. MacLysaght's book is about modern names and provides modern forms of both Gaelic and Anglicized spellings. At one time, this book was the best reference we had for Irish names, but this is no longer the case. Because MacLysaght provides few if any dates, and because the forms given in this work are explicitly modern, it is no longer acceptable as sole documentation for Irish names. The commenters were unable to find Ó Cuaig or any similar name dated to period. Barring such documentation, Ó Cuaig is not registerable.

Luke Aucher. Device. Argent, a great auk close proper and a chief rayonny gules.

This device is returned for lack of contrast. Unfortunately, just as a black orca with a white belly can't be put on an argent field (v. Rowan Seer, March 2000), so too a black auk with a white belly can't be put on an argent field.

This device is clear of the badge of Marie d'Acre, Argent, a penguin rampant regardant sable, marked and bellied argent, collared gules. There is a CD for adding the chief and another for the difference in posture of the birds. Yes, Marie's penguin really is rampant with its wings in front of it and separated.

Raghnailt inghean Toirdhealbhaich. Device. Quarterly azure and argent, four frets counterchanged.

This device is returned for presumption. The Rules for Submission (RfS) in section XI.3.b state "Such fields may only be used when no single portion of the field may appear to be an independent piece of armory." There was much discussion concerning this device and whether or not the fret in each quarter gave the appearance of marshalling.

If this were four frets couped, it would clearly be registerable in accordance with RfS XI.3.a "Such fields may be used with identical charges over the entire field or with complex lines of partition or charges overall that were not used for marshalling in period heraldry." If it were fretty, it would also be registerable in accordance with RfS X1.3.a. However, in the submitted device the frets are throughout - or would be if each quarter is considered separately.

RfS XI.3.b states "No section of the field may contain an ordinary that terminates at the edge of that section, or more than one charge unless those charges are part of a group over the whole field." The reason ordinaries are considered a mark of an independent coat is that they're common; they're throughout by default; when on the field, their usual period use is one per coat; and in period, you generally don't see them on either side of a line of division. That is, given the blazon Per bend sinister sable and Or, two fesses counterchanged, you don't see a fess in the upper left, terminating at the line of division, and another in the lower right, ditto -- which is what you'd see if you substituted "lions" for "fesses" in the blazon. No, you see two fesses crossing the entire field. Ordinaries aren't usually constrained to a single section of a divided field. (We readily admit there are exceptions to this.)

A fret isn't an ordinary; however, frets meet the requirements above: they're fairly common, they're throughout by default; their usual period use is one per coat; and we don't usually see them on either side of a divided field. A fret is also one of the few non-ordinaries that is routinely depicted as throughout and it is composed (in part) of ordinaries - a bend and a bend sinister fretted with a mascle.

After much consideration we must agree with those commenters and members of Wreath's staff that saw this device as marshalling Azure, a fret argent and Argent, a fret azure. A charge which is depicted as throughout, when placed in each quarter of a quarterly field, still appears to be throughout that portion of the field. As such, it has the appearance of an independent piece of armory and must be treated as marshalled arms.

Thorlein Winkel. Device. Azure, on a bend argent, two roses purpure.

This device is returned for conflict with the device for Andréa de Champs de Batailles, Azure, on a bend argent a unicorn's head palewise couped sable between two cinquefoils purpure. Technically there is no countable difference between these two devices as changing only the number of tertiary charges is not worth a CD.

ARTEMISIA

None.

ATENVELDT

Ainder ingen Demmáin. Device. Per fess embattled sable and azure, a recorder bendwise sinister Or and three crescents argent.

This is device is returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the emblazon sent to Laurel: the recorder in the OSCAR emblazon was centered in the sable portion of the field. In addition, the recorder shown in OSCAR is argent, that on the forms is Or. We note that this will happen when a yellow highlighter is used for Or as the highlighter often does not scan. When the emblazon and blazon tinctures do not match, we ask commenters to please note which tinctures they used in conflict checking (and we ask submissions heralds to note on the LoI when there is a scanning problem such as this).

On resubmission, please advise the submitter to center the recorder on the sable portion of the field. We note that a fesswise recorder would better fill the available space.

Amira de Foria. Name.

This name violates RfS VI.1, "Names Claiming Rank", which states in part:

Names containing titles, territorial claims, or allusions to rank are considered presumptuous.

[...] Names documented to have been used in period may be used, even if they were derived from titles, provided there is no suggestion of territorial claim or explicit assertion of rank. For example, Regina the Laundress is acceptable but Regina of Germany is not.

The name Amira means "princess", and thus cannot be combined with a true locative byname such as de Foria.

Amirah al-Zahra'. Name.

Conflict with Aminah al-Zarqah, registered August 2003. The given names differ in sound and appearance by a single consonant in an unstressed syllable and by the final sound at the end of the name. The ah sound is \ah\, while the a' sound is a short a with a glottal stop. The bynames are, likewise, nearly identical in sound and appearance.

Aoife inghean Eoin gabha. Device. Vert, a "fleece" and in base two filled drop spindles in fess argent.

This device is returned for redraw. This primary charge is not a fleece - a fleece has no body, it should be limp. We might have blazoned it a ram but that would not account for the belt and loop it is wearing.

Cassandra la Schrevein. Device. Purpure, a papyrus plant and a bordure nebuly argent.

This device is returned for conflict with the device for Ygraine o Gaerllion Fawr, Purpure, a bouquet of three daffodils slipped, the centermost affronty and the outermost addorsed, Or within a bordure nebuly argent. There is a CD for the tincture of the plants but, as emblazoned, not for the type of plant.

If this had not been returned for conflict, it would have been returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel: neither the depiction of the nebuly nor the plant match. It appears that the plant may have started out the same and been stretched for the OSCAR emblazon; the changes to the bordure are more significant.

Christiane Dax. Device. Argent, a pall gules surmounted by a skull sable.

This device must be returned as the skull is barely overall. Laurel has consistently returned such designs, e.g., "By previous precedent, 'Barely overall charges have been ruled unacceptable for a long time and for fieldless badges overall charges must have very little overlap with the charge it surmounts' (LoAR of September 1999)" (v. Æthelmearc, Kingdom of, 08/03, R-Æthelmearc).

If this had not been returned for the above style problem, it would have been returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel: the skull in OSCAR was much better drawn than the one sent to Laurel.

Cristina Rose da Napoli. Device. Azure, a sunflower proper, on a chief argent three goblets gules.

This device is returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel: the goblets are drawn differently. Note that a sunflower proper has either sable or brown seeds. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on sunflowers proper.

Deborah of Sundragon. Device. Per bend sinister vert and azure, a seahorse contourny sustaining a trident bendwise sinister Or.

This device is returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel: the size of the trident differs, being somewhat longer in the OSCAR emblazon.

If this had not been returned for administrative reasons, it would have been returned as the trident was neither palewise nor bendwise sinister but somewhere in between. While that may be acceptable for a maintained charge, it is unacceptable in a sustained charge as the orientation can contribute to difference with other armory.

Derdere Ffrayser. Name and device. Vert, a unicorn statant and on a chief argent three cinquefoils vert.

No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that Ffrayser is a reasonable form of ffrayser. The ff is sometimes used to record a capital F in some Scots and English documents. While we have found one possible example of Ff in late 16th C England, we have no such examples in Scotland. Nor have we any examples in the 13th C, when the form ffrayser is found. Given this, Ffrayser is not registerable. However, the submitter will not accept changes. Therefore, we are forced to return this name.

In resubmitting, new information has come to light about the registerability of Derdere. Effric Neyn Ken3ocht Mcherrald notes:

The October 2006 LoAR is somewhat misleading. It is not just that <Deredere> "is not the nominative form of this name", it is that it is not any period form of the name. There is no evidence for this spelling in any case or in any language. (Black misquoted the source he cites.)

Further, <Derdere> appears to be a scribal error, albeit a medieval scribal error. In particular, it appears to be a mistaken use of a Latin oblique case when the nominative case (<Derderc>) [sic] should have been used. This is the (slightly edited) research and analysis I did in March 2006:

The source I used, which included transcriptions of the original Latin texts of the medieval charters, along with English abstracts, of the relevant charters was:

Charles Rogers, ed. Chartulary of the Cistercian Priory of Coldstream with Relative Documents. London: The Grampian Club, 1879.]

Four of these charters name our heroine (Derder, wife of Cospatric, Earl of Dunbar) but, very interestingly, three of them call her <Derder> (one of them twice), while only one calls her <Derdere>. Further, these three charters are the ones issued by her husband (2) and her son (1), while the one that calls her <Derdere> was issued by the Bishop of St. Andrews.

Another interesting discovery is that in all four charters, her name appears to be being used in the nominative case:

Page 6, charter no. 8:

... quod sponsa mea Derder dedit ...

(... that my spouse Derder has given ...)

Page 8, charter no. 11:

... quod Derder Comitissa sponsa mea dedit ...

(... that Derder Countess my spouse has given...)

... Testibus Derder Comitissa . Waldef filius comitis . Lambekin dapifer . Ernulfo de Suinton . Roberto le Norreis . Adam filio Meldredis . et aliis .

Page 18, charter no. 26:

... quas Derder Comitissa mater mea eiis dedit et Cospatricius comes pater meus carta sua confirmauit ...

Page 46, Appendix of Original Charters and Other Documents, charter no. I:

Ricardus Dei gracia Sancti Andree episcopus ...

... que Cospatricius comes et Derdere comitissa sponsa eius et Waldeuus filius et heres eorum eidem loco concesserunt et dederunt ...

Of these, as best I can tell, only in "Testibus Derder Comitissa" should <Derder> theoretically be in an oblique case, but it seems that despite what the grammar ought to be, for the first two names of witnesses the clerk actually put their names into the nominative case instead (even though he properly put later names in the appropriate case) -- thus <Comitissa> instead of <Comitisse> and <filius comitis> instead of <filio comitis>.

So, this means that we can know without any doubt what a Latin nominative case form is, namely, <Derder>.

What is going on with <Derdere> in appendix charter I. is a little harder to figure out. The expected grammar, and surrounding nouns, appears to be nominative, but to the best of my knowledge ending a female nominative given name in <-e> is very, very weird. At this point I'm inclined to regard it as more likely a scribal error (much like the <Derder> in the nominative case that shouldn't be after Testibus, only this time <Derdere> in an oblique case when it should be nominative <Derder>).

These charters do not have explicit dates, but the general timing can be determined by the fact that Cospatric died in 1166 (so nos. 8 & 11 must be 1166 or before), and Richard became bishop of S. Andrews in 1165 (so appendix no. I must be 1165 or after), and Cospatric's son Waldeve died in 1182 (so no. 26, which confirms nos. 8 & 11, must be between 1166 and 1182) [p. x of the preface in Rogers _Chartulary ..._].

So, a summary of my findings:

<Deredere> is a mistake by Black -- there is no evidence for this spelling in any case in any language at this time.

<Derder> is a Latin nominative case form used 4 times in 3 late 12th century charters.

<Derdere> is a Latin form used 1 time in 1 late 12th century charter, and may be nominative case but I believe is more likely a mistake (that is, really an oblique case spelling).

<Derder> is also a reasonably plausible speculative late 12th century Scots/English spelling of the name.

Given this, we will, in future, decline to register the form Derdere, as it is unlikely that this is truly a representative of this name in the nominative case.

This device is returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel: both the unicorn and the cinquefoils are drawn differently. Please inform the submitter that the standard heraldic term fraises may be used for the cinquefoils if she wishes the cant.

Desiderata of the Osprey. Device. Per fess azure and vert, a fess and in chief three mullets one and two argent.

After consultation with Laurel, we've concluded that this must be returned for presumption, in violation of RfS XI.4. Specifically, the name and the device together give the appearance of an augmentation of arms that had been granted by the Crown of Meridies.

In March 1996, the Kingdom of Meridies registered (Fieldless) Three mullets one and two argent as the standard form of that kingdom's augmentations. Since then, several registrations - the Barony of Bryn Madoc, Francois duVent, the Barony of the Osprey, Rondallyn of Golgotha - have incorporated this pre-registered design into their own augmented armory. None of these were on a charged canton or inescutcheon, but were placed on the field just as the mullets in this submission were placed.

This, by itself, would not be sufficient reason to return any design with three mullets one and two argent. One might easily have, say, Sable, a chevron inverted between three mullets one and two argent, and it wouldn't necessarily be perceived as bearing a Meridian augmentation. But in this case, the armory was combined with a name that included one of the above list - the Barony of the Osprey - which had received the right to an augmentation from the Crown of Meridies and who had used the three mullets as its form. There was thus a combined allusion, by name and design, to Osprey's own augmentation.

Presumption depends on perception. In this case, we felt that the allusion here to Osprey's augmentation sufficiently strong that an unbiased observer would assume a connection - including that the submitter's arms were themselves augmented.

If the submitter wishes to resubmit this design, she should change her name to remove the allusion to the Barony of the Osprey (or other Meridian territory). Otherwise, we are forced to return the combination as presumptuous.

Dimarus Adalwin. Name.

The documentation for the byname was not adequately summarized. While a date for the name is given, the only other information we have is an author and volume number. No page number is provided, the name of the work being cited is omitted, no information about whether the name is a given name or a byname or the language or grammatical case of the name is provided. Siebecke, the author in question, has no works on the no-photocopy list, but no photocopies of the cited documentation were provided. Finally, the commenters provided no information about this name. Given the nearly complete lack of information supporting the byname, we are forced to return this name.

His device was registered under the holding name Dimarus of Atenveldt.

Dylan Bond MacLeod. Device. Or, five scarpes gules between two Hungerford knots sable.

This device is returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel: the knots depicted in OSCAR are better drawn than those on the form.

Eoghan mac Ailin. Name.

Conflict with the Eógan Mac Ailpein, registered November 1997. The pronunciation of the given names is identical, and the bynames differ only in the beginning consonant of the unstressed second syllable.

Godfrey of Argyle. Device. Quarterly gules and vert, a quadrant and in chief a pair of shackles conjoined by a chain fesswise Or.

This device is returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel. The drawings are different enough that potential problems with the depiction of the shackles could not be addressed. We note that the shackles as shown in OSCAR are a much better depiction than those on the forms and recommend that that version of the emblazon be used in resubmission.

Gregory of Sherwood. Device. Per fess azure and vert, a single-arched bridge throughout argent masoned sable between three mullets of four points elongated to base and a covered goblet Or.

This device is returned for lack of documentation of the depicted form of the goblet. We know of no goblets in period heraldry that match this form: they are almost all of the standard cup-shape, usually covered as well. Note that, if it had a handle, this might have been acceptable as a "double cup". There is a double cup shown in figure 362 of the Zurich roll, found at http://www.vikinganswerlady.com/ZurichRoll/. The handle on the top part is a visual cue to the nature of the cup, as is the fact that both the bottom and the top part have a "foot" on which the cup could stand. Double cups were not-uncommon in period, thus a documented form of a double cup would be registerable.

Isabeau Vize. Device. Per bend sinister purpure and vert, a bend sinister engrailed Or.

This device is returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel. The engrailings in the emblazon on OSCAR are a good example of what engrailing should look like; unfortunately, the engrailings on the form do not match those in OSCAR.

Kata the Forthright. Badge. (Fieldless) A giant panda sejant erect gardant proper within and conjoined to an annulet sable.

This badge is returned as a panda is not registerable. As al-Jamal noted:

By current precedent, it is not acceptable to use a species of flora or fauna in armory which was not known to Europeans in period: "The primary charge is the leaf of a vanillaleaf plant (genus Achlys). Europeans did not discover it until the 18th century so [it] cannot be used in SCA armory" (LoAR February 2000). The most recent precedent explicitly concerning pandas notes in pertinent part that the panda was not known to Europeans in period: "Lanner provided some distinct evidence that the panda was not seen by an European until this century and that its furs were not known to Europeans until the last century" (LoAR December 1989). The panda is therefore not acceptable for registration. (LoAR February 2002, cf. Zubaydah az-Zahra)

Kolbj{o,}rn bjarki. Device. Argent, a bear passant gules between three drinking horns azure.

This device is returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel: all of the charges appear to have been redrawn.

Owen le Maillier. Device. Per fess gules and Or, six gouts three and three, those in base inverted, counterchanged.

This device is returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel: the style of the gouttes differs.

Robert MacAlister of Leslie. Badge. (Fieldless) A fountain charged with a heart gules.

This badge is returned for conflict with the device of Malinda Angelanne Elkhaven, Per fess embattled azure and argent, a heart gules. Robert's badge appears to be a display of Barry wavy argent and azure, a heart gules, thus there is a single CD for changes to the field. This would have been returned even without the conflict as it appears to be an independent form of armorial display. With permission to conflict, Barry wavy argent and azure, a heart gules could be registered and displayed on a roundel.

We note that the tinctures of the emblazon in OSCAR do not match the form sent to Laurel: the tinctures of the field are reversed. While not a reason for return at this time, we remind submissions heralds that it is the interest of their clients to make sure that the colored emblazon in OSCAR matches the emblazon sent to Laurel.

Thomas de l'Espee. Device. Per pale argent and azure, in fess a fleur-de-lys between two rapiers inverted counterchanged.

This device is returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel: the charges all appear to have been redrawn.

Uther the Dark. Badge. (Fieldless) A bear rampant within and conjoined to an annulet argent.

This badge is returned as the emblazon on OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel. On OSCAR, the bear is centered within the annulet and its ears also touch the annulet, which they do not in the submitted emblazon.

ATLANTIA

Atlantia, Kingdom of. Badge for Award of the Fountain. Argent goutty, a bordure wavy azure.

This badge is returned for conflict with the device for Deborah di Carnevale, Argent, goutty de larmes, a bordure nebuly vert. The gouttes in both pieces of armory are azure, leaving a single CD for changing the tincture of the bordure.

Gwyneth MacDonagh. Device change. Per pale wavy Or and purpure, a greyhound courant contourny counterchanged.

This device does conflicts with the device of Conrí Mac Eógain, Per pale Or and purpure, a wolf statant to sinister counterchanged. There is a CD for changing the line of division on the field. Generally, there is a CD (per RfS X.4.d) for changing the line of division of a charge place directly on the field. Laurel ruled in February 2007:

This badge must be returned as, at any distance, the line of division appears to be per fess rather than per chevron. Precedent states:

[A sword per chevron] "A long skinny charge may not be divided per chevron in this manner. The line of division is not identifiable, thus falling afoul of RfS VII.7.a." (5/92 p.24).

This precedent dealt with a fieldless badge. On a field divided per chevron, it is possible to tell the line of division because of the field; on a fieldless badge there is no other indication the line of division is angled rather than horizontal. A long skinny object, which includes a tree trunk, may not be divided per chevron on a fieldless badge.

There is a similar problem with this device - the greyhound is very narrow where it intersects the line of division, making it impossible to identify the line of division as wavy; it simply appears to be per pale. Thus, a second CD cannot be obtained for changing the line of division of the primary charge, and this device conflicts with Conrí's device.

Gwyneth of Avondale. Device. Per chevron sable and Or, three decrescents one and two Or and a goblet sable.

This is device is returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the emblazon sent to Laurel: the per chevron line of division differs in the two emblazons. It is possible that this is solely the difference between the outline and colored emblazons; however, the colored emblazon is unacceptable as it blurs the distinction between a per chevron field and a field with a point pointed.

Marinus, Barony of. Household name Scriptorium Marini.

The name Scriptorium Marini is a generic identifier. A scriptorium (defined by the OED as a room where books are copied) is the sort of item that any group might have; the addition of the group name in the genitive case does not count for difference for conflict. As a generic designator, the name is not registerable, but it can be used to identify the purpose of a piece of armory as in this case.

CAID

Ailill mac Duib Dara. Device change. Argent, in pile three crossbow bolts vert, in chief three acorns proper and a bordure embattled azure.

This device is returned as the arrows are neither in pile nor in fess. The term crossbow bolt is acceptable for these charges. The Society has long allowed a wide variability in crossbow quarrels and bolts, and many are indistinguishable from arrows. While they are significantly different from an archer's point of view, heraldically there is no difference.

Cassandra Zoë Paganel. Device. Sable, a winged bear rampant regardant wings displayed and in chief a compass star argent.

This device is returned for redraw. RfS VIII.3 requires that all elements be identifiable; as the bear is not identifiable, this must be returned. If the bear's head were drawn so that it didn't overlap the wings it would greatly aid in identifiability. The compass star also needs to be redrawn to clearly show the four lesser points.

Cecilia Lightfoot. Badge. Or, a lion maintaining a harp gules, on a chief azure three castles argent.

This badge is returned for redraw as the castles are neither in fess nor in chevron. On resubmission, please draw the lion so that it is not touching the chief.

Cormac Ó Duinn. Device. Per bend sinister enarched sable and gules, a bend sinister enarched argent scaly sable.

This device is returned for a redraw; the bend sinister should not have such a large arch. In addition, the sinister corner of the bend should issue from the corner of the shield, not the side of the shield. There was commentary concerning this depiction of scaly; we note that the scales are acceptable as drawn. We have a period example of a bend scaly, in the arms of von Tiefenbach, 1605 [Siebmacher, pl.85]. Tiefenbach's bend is about 3 or 4 scales wide, just as the bend in this submission.

Isabella de Mereworth. Device. Sable, a pomegranate slipped and leaved argent, seeded gules, on a chief wavy argent three crescents sable.

This device is returned for redraw of the pomegranate. As Albion noted, "This pomegranate may be slipped and leaved, but it's not slipped and leaved with a pomegranate's stems and leaves, nor do the stem and leaves attach to the pomegranate correctly."

Nastasiia Viktorova zhena Volkova. Device. Or, a phoenix gules rising from flames proper, on a chief embattled gules an onion Or.

This device is returned for lack of contrast: flames proper cannot be placed on Or or gules, as by definition they are half Or and half gules. In this case, only the very careful placement of the Or parts of the flame, such that they're completely surrounded by gules parts, makes for any contrast. Medieval designs should not depend on such careful placement, and the SCA has consistently returned armory that does depend on such careful placement.

CALONTIR

Mairgreg ingen Chailtigirn. Device. Per chevron engrailed argent and purpure, two feathers and a mermaid counterchanged.

This device is returned for redraw, the engrailings are too numerous and too small. This has consistently been a reason for return under at least the last six Laurel Sovereigns of Arms.

Tareija de Tomar. Device. Azure, three mullets of four points in bend sinister between two tygers sejant contourny Or.

This device is returned for redesign. The mullets are centrally located, which would normally make them the primary charges; the tygers are located where one would expect secondary charges to be placed. However, looking at the emblazon, the mullets have nothing like the visual weight of the tygers; the mullets therefore cannot be the primaries, which by definition are the dominant charges. Yet neither can the tygers be primary, since they're in the spots on the shield where the eye expects to find secondaries. Nor can we get around the problem by considering the tygers and mullets together, as one group of charges: as placed here, considered as a single group, the charges aren't in any blazonable arrangement. The entire design fatally blurs the distinction between primary and secondary charges; it must therefore be returned.

Wrenna Branch. Name.

This name is two steps from period practice. First, it combines an Old English given name with a Middle English byname. Second, there is a more than 300 year gap between the 739 date for the sole instance we have of the given name and the 1169 date for the earliest example we have of the byname.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Wrenna of Crescent Moon.

DRACHENWALD

None.

EALDORMERE

Donald Jacob Maurie. Device. Argent, on a goute de poix in fess a pair of open fetterlocks entwined, cylinders outward, Or and a bordure gules.

This device must be returned as we were unable to devise a blazon that would allowed the emblazon of the fetterlocks to be reproduced. The fetterlocks are not quite in fess, nor are they quite in chevron.

EAST

Elinor Strangewayes of Dorset. Device. Quarterly azure and argent, four fantail goldfish naiant, those in bend contourny, counterchanged.

This device must be returned for using a charge which has not been demonstrated to have been known to Europeans in period. Goldfish have long been bred as pets in China, but the fantail goldfish appears to have originated during the Ming dynasty. They do not appear to have been known to Western Europe until the 19th century. This places them outside the domain of the Society, making them unsuitable as heraldic charges, barring evidence that they were known to Western Europeans in period. Lacking such evidence, we must return the device.

Ernst Nuss von Kitzengen. Augmentation. Gules, a chalice Or and in chief a pair of hands argent, for augmentation in chief on an inescutcheon Or a tyger rampant azure.

This augmentation must be returned for conflict with Percy, Earl of Northumberland (important non-SCA arms), Or, a lion rampant azure. The augmentation has a single CD, for the difference between a lion and a tyger, from Percy's arms.

The submitter has permission to conflict with the Kingdom of the East's badges (Fieldless) A tyger rampant guardant azure maintaining a spear bendwise proper, for the King's Champion, and Or, a tyger sejant erect, forepaws clasped over its head, azure, for the Order of the Burdened Tyger.

LOCHAC

Bosenberg, Shire of. Device. Per pall vert, azure, and vair, a pall and in chief a laurel wreath Or.

This device must be returned as no petition was received.

Geffrey ðe Wulf. Blanket permission to conflict with device. Azure, a wolf rampant Or fretty azure.

The device in question was returned on the May 2007 LoAR, therefore the permission to conflict must likewise be returned.

MERIDIES

Harold of Barthe. Name.

As submitted, this name has two problems. First, it mixes the English preposition of with the modern German placename Barthe in violation of RfS III.1.a, Linguistic Consistency. Foreign placenames are only registerable with the English article of if the submitted spelling is one commonly used in English. In this case, no documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that Barthe is a spelling normally found in English. Second, no documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that Barthe is a spelling found in period. Brechenmacher, Etymologisches Woerterbuch der deutschen Familiennamen, s.n. Bart, says "ON < Barth (Pomm.). Die Masse der Belege "dictus B." (in m. Sammlung von 1262), which dates Barth derived from the placename to 1262. We would change the name to Harold von Barth, in order to register it, but, while the submitter will allow a change of the article to von to make the name linguistically consistent, he will not allow changes to the spelling of the byname. Therefore, we are forced to return this name.

His armory was registered under the holding name Harold of Arenal.

Susanne Waschbär. Name.

No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that the word Waschbär is a period German word. According to "Britannica Online" (http://search.eb.com), while the raccoon was known in Europe after the discovery of North America, the animal did not take up residence in Germany until the early 20th C. As such, then, a German byname in period meaning "raccoon" is highly implausible.

MIDDLE

Etienne Saintier. Device. Per fess Or and azure, a closed book bound in leather proper, charged with the words "ES VERUS IPSO" argent, and three church bells Or.

This device is returned as no translation for the phrase "es verus ipso" was provided. Regarding the grammar, Metron Ariston wrote:

The phrase on the book makes no sense if it is meant to be Latin. "It is true." would be Verum est. And, if you wanted to use ipso vero you would use that phrase by itself as a tag. What you appear to have is the second person singular of the verb to be ("you are") with an nominative masculine adjective ("true") and an unrelated ablative reflexive used adverbially with an intent that is unclear.

Phrases are allowed in armory but a translation must be provided. In addition, they may not be nonsensical or offensive. In this case, the poor grammar makes the phrase nonsensical and unregisterable.

Gunnarr Sigurðar son. Name.

Submitted as Gunnarr Sigurðarson, the name was changed to Gunnarr Siguðar son in kingdom. However, no mention of the change or a reason for it was given on the LoI. Furthermore, the submitter made a request for an authentic 10th C Icelandic name. While the LoI noted that 10th C Icelandic was most important to the submitter if a change was required, it did not mention that he wished an authentic name. Both the lack of change and lack of proper summarization of a submitter's wishes have been noted as reason for return or pend in the past. We have warned this kingdom repeatedly about these problems and have pended several names in consequence. Because they have not corrected this problem, we are returning this name. We note that it does appear to be both registerable in both the originally submitted form and the form on the LoI.

His device was registered under the holding name Gunnarr of Tirnewydd.

OUTLANDS

Ia of Basle. Name.

No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that the saints known as Ia, one from sixth-century Ireland, and the other Greek, ca. 360, were known in the region around Basle (Switzerland). As documented, the name mixes a lingua anglica German language placename with an Old Irish or Greek given name. However, names mixing German and Old Irish and names mixing Greek and German are not registerable. Therefore, we are forced to return this name.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Alice of al-Barran.

WEST

Quentyn Arey. Device. Quarterly sable and gules, an oak tree eradicated and on a chief Or, three compass stars gules.

This submission was withdrawn by the submitter.

- Explicit littera renuntiationum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN PENDED UNTIL THE February 2008 LAUREL MEETING (OR AS NOTED):

ATENVELDT

Faolán Ó Lorcáin. Name change from holding name Faolán of Atenveldt.

Originally submitted as Faolán Ó Lorccan, the name was changed at kingdom to Faolán Ó Lorcain. However, no mention of the change was made on the LoI nor the reason for the change. When changes are made to a name in kingdom, these changes and the reasons for making them must be mentioned on the LoI; failure to do so is cause for pend or return. We are pending this name to allow the commenters to address the registerability of the originally submitted form.

The following documentation was included with the submission:

Submitter desires a male name.

No major changes.

Sound most important.

Language most important.

Culture most important.

The client's original name submission Faolán Boru, was returned for the use of a unique byname.

The name is Early Modern Irish Gaelic, Faolán a masculine given name dated 1162, 1203 and 1423 in "Index of Names in Irish Annals: Fáelán / Faolán" Mari Elspeth nic Bryan (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/mari/AnnalsIndex/Masculine/Faelan.shtml).

Lorccán is a masculine given name dated to 1162 in the same source (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/mari/AnnalsIndex/Masculine/Lorccan.shtml); Lorccáin is given as the genitive form.

We note that we have warned this kingdom multiple times about not mentioning changes on the LoI. If this continues, we will be forced to start returning names to which unmentioned changes were made.

This was item 35 on the Atenveldt letter of March 26, 2007.

CAID

Raphael ben Gideon. Device. Argent, on a card pique sable a lion couchant queue-fourché, maintaining a sword argent.

The mini-emblazon in OSCAR had Or tertiary charges. While Crescent made a timely correction indicating that the blazon, not the emblazon, was correct only one commenter indicated that they conflict checked with the correct tincture (argent). From the discussion it appears that even those commenters who noted Crescent's correction still checked only with the incorrect tincture (Or). This device is pended to allow conflict checking with the correct tinctures.

This was item 23 on the Caid letter of March 21, 2007.

OUTLANDS

Ayesha bint Da'ud ibn Da'ud al-Kabir. Device. Per bend azure and argent, a sea wyvern bendwise counterchanged, on a chief Or three mullets purpure.

Blazoned on the LoI as per bend argent and azure, the field is actually per bend azure and argent. As only a single commenter noted the correct tinctures, this must be pended for further conflict checking. Blazoned on the LoI a sea wyvern erect, the sea-wyvern is actually bendwise; as only one commenter indicated that they conflict checked with the sea-wyvern in this posture, this is also a reason for pending the device for further conflict checking.

This was item 1 on the Outlands letter of March 27, 2007.

- Explicit -