THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN REGISTERED:

ÆTHELMEARC

Ælfra Long. Device change. Per pale argent and lozengy argent and purpure, three domestic cats rampant contourny sable crowned Or.

The submitter is a court baroness and thus entitled to display a coronet.

The submitter's previous device, Per pale argent and lozengy argent and purpure, three domestic cats rampant contourny sable, is released.

Æsa Helgulfsdottir. Name and device. Per bend argent and sable, a flame azure and an arrow bendwise argent.

Aquila Blackmore. Device change. Gules, on a lozenge ployé argent between in chief two coronets Or, a mullet sable, a bordure embattled argent.

The submitter is a court baron and thus entitled to display a coronet.

The submitter's previous device, Argent, vetu ployé gules, a mullet sable within a bordure embattled argent, is retained as a badge.

Beniamin Hackewode. Name and device. Vert, a wolf rampant contourny maintaining a halberd argent, in dexter chief a mullet Or.

Brandubh Ó Donnghaile. Badge. (Fieldless) A drum bendwise argent.

Catrijn van der Hedde. Device. Or, a dragon's head cabossed sable and on a chief vert three triangles inverted Or.

Éamonn mac Alaxandair. Name and device. Per bend sinister argent and Or, three dexter hands in bend sinister and a lion rampant gules, a bordure sable.

As precedent notes:

There was some concern whether this was too reminiscent of the Red Hand of Ulster, a prohibited charge in the SCA. It turns out that the Red Hand of Ulster was used as an augmentation, not as a main charge. We would certainly return a device that used a canton argent charged with a hand gules, and perhaps even a chief argent charged with a hand gules would be too suggestive; but the use of red hands, gloves, gauntlets, etc., on white backgrounds is not, in and of itself, cause for return. (LoAR August 1992, s.n. Guillaume de la Rapière [Atenveldt])

In fact, the Glossary restricts this motif as A sinister hand appaumy gules on argent canton or inescutcheon on the grounds that it is the augmentation used by British Baronets. It is incorrectly identified as the Red Hand of Ulster, which is a dexter hand. There is a blazonable difference but no heraldic difference between a dexter and a sinister hand. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the Red Hand of Ulster and the augmentation of the British Baronets.

Erasmus Fryermut. Name.

Nice 15th C German name!

Ernine ingen Duib Dara. Name and device. Argent, an oak leaf bendwise sinister vert and on a chief sable three triquetras argent.

The submitter noted that she believed the byname meant "of the oaks". The name Duib Dara glosses to "dark-man of the oaks", so the submitted byname means "daughter of the man named Dub Dara." If the submitter is interested in a byname with the desired meaning, we suggest an Doire, which means "of the oak grove." Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals" (http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex) notes examples of this byname in various Irish annals in entries dating 1249, 1487, 1579, and 1588.

Helena Lyncoln of Norfolk. Name and device. Quarterly gules and azure, four griffins argent.

Nice armory.

Iohann filius Agustin. Name and device. Azure, two axes in saltire and on a chief argent two eagles displayed heads to sinister sable.

Iwan Dyerrics. Name and device. Quarterly argent and azure, a winged moose passant guardant sable.

Jakob of Endless Hills. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per chevron argent and gules, a dragon's head erased and a chief azure.

Submitted under the name Jakob Heckrath.

John Lionheart. Name and device. Vert, a lion's head cabossed and on a chief Or three hearts vert.

The name Lionheart is a lingua anglica translation of the documented French descriptive byname Cuer-de-Lion:

"An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html) lists the name Hunout le fuiz Cuer-de-Lion. In this construction, the element Cuer-de-Lion would be his father's byname. Therefore, we have support for Cuer-de-Roy 'heart of [the] king' and Cuer-de-Lion 'heart of [the] lion' (more commonly translated into modern English as Lionheart). [Angelique C{oe}ur de Vere, February 2004]

Katarzina of Thescorre. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Vert, a fox sejant argent, a trimount Or.

Submitted under the name Katarzina Pogonowska.

Katerina of the Debatable Lands. Name and device. Per bend Or and vert, two linden leaves in bend sinister stems issuant from the line of division counterchanged.

Nice German armory.

Katheryn M'Kethirryke. Name change from Constance M'Kethirryke (see RETURNS for device change).

Her old name, Constance M'Kethirryke, is released.

Precedent does not allow the registration of scribal abbreviations such as the M' in this byname; instead, it should be spelled out as Mac. However, the byname in its current form is grandfathered to the submitter, and as a while does not voilate ay rules or precedents not violated by the previously registered name.

Magdalena de Mayfeld. Name and device. Argent vêtu ployé counter-ermine, a dragon sejant contourny purpure maintaining an egg sable.

Sebastian Wolfgang von Bayern. Device. Per fess argent and bendy sinister azure and argent, on a demi-eagle issuant from the line of division sable a mullet Or.

Shait ben Mikha'el. Name change from Seth MacMichael.

His old name, Seth MacMichael, is retained as an alternative name.

Sion ap Rhainallt. Device. Per chevron azure and vert, an armoured arm embowed sustaining a spear fesswise argent.

Þorvaldr friðsamr. Name and device. Per pale sable and Or, two swords in saltire surmounted by another inverted counterchanged, a chief enarched counterchanged erminois and pean.

There was some discussion on whether or not this violated our ban on counterchanging long, skinny objects. In general, a charge that is part of a sheaf of identical charges, all counterchanged, is registerable even though one of the three charges is counterchanged along its long axis. In cases such as this submission, where the charge counterchanged on its long axis is inverted relative to the other charges, the situation is less clear. Because the criterion for registerability is whether the charge counterchanged along its long axis maintains its identifiability, each case must be resolved on a case-by-case basis. The center sword here is identifiable and thus is registerable.

Ulfkell Dungalsson. Name and device. Sable, a wolf's head erased contourny argent and a base barry argent and azure.

Viðarr Hrafnsson. Name (see RETURNS for device).

AN TIR

Basil Dragonstrike. Badge. (Fieldless) A cutlass and overall a skull argent.

The degree of overlap between these two charges is acceptable as both maintain their identifiability. As noted in the September 2006 registration of Sondra van Schiedam's badge:

Several commenters recommended returning this badge for using an overall charge on a fieldless badge. We routinely allow overall charges on fieldless badges where the area of intersection is small, which is not the case in this submission. However, the November 1992 Cover Letter, where the current standard for acceptability of such overall charges was set, Laurel stated:

I've therefore decided not to implement a comprehensive ban on fieldless badges with overall charges. I will be returning cases where the underlying charge is rendered unidentifiable, per Rule VIII.3; this will include the most egregious cases of overall charges (e.g. A pheon surmounted by a hawk's head). But this can be done as an interpretation of the current Rules, and needn't involve a new policy. In cases where identifiability is maintained -- where one of the charges is a long, slender object, and the area of intersection small -- overall charges will still be permitted in fieldless badges.

The primary concern is identifiability. The charges in this badge maintain their identifiability, though the area of overlap is larger than we normally allow, and thus the badge is registerable.

Similarly, the charges in this badge maintain their identifiability and are therefore registerable.

Jessica Creaven. Device. Argent, on a cockatrice between three roses sable barbed vert seeded gules, a rose argent barbed vert seeded gules.

Karin Ollesdotter av Augvaldsnes. Reblazon of badge. (Fieldless) In fess a whistling arrow inverted vert sustained by a seahorse gules.

This was registered in December 2007 with the blazon (Fieldless) In fess a whistling arrow vert sustained by a seahorse gules. That blazon failed to note that the arrow is inverted (point to chief).

Mairghread Murdoch. Device. Argent, a thistle proper between three arrows in annulo sable flighted gules.

In this case the phrase in annulo refers to the fact that the arrows are following each other head-to-tail. They are in as much of a circle as is possible for three long, straight charges.

Muriel qui porte les chaperons. Device. Vert, three whelks argent.

Nice armory.

Tristram ab Emrys ab Iago. Name and device. Sable mullety of four points, a phoenix Or rising from flames proper.

There is a more than 300 year gap between the 6th C date for Emrys and the 12th and 13th C dates for the other elements. This is one step from period practice.

Volchok Voislavov. Name.

Winefred of the Wode. Name change from Winefred Dyghere of the Wode.

Her old name, Winefred Dyghere of the Wode, is released.

ANSTEORRA

Adelheid Lilje. Name and device. Gyronny sable and argent, on each argent gyron a turtle vert.

Brian Ó hUilliam. Device change. Azure, on a fess Or between three Celtic crosses argent, a trefoil fesswise vert.

The tertiary charge lacks the heart-shaped leaves of the shamrock and has thus been reblazoned as a trefoil. We note that his previous device does indeed have a shamrock.

His previous device, Azure, on a fess between a harp and a harp reversed Or a shamrock fesswise vert, is retained as a badge.

Brian Ó hUilliam. Badge. Or, a trefoil fesswise vert within a bordure azure.

The primary charge lacks the heart-shaped leaves of the shamrock and has thus been reblazoned as a trefoil. We note that his previous device, which is retained as a badge above, does indeed have a shamrock.

Carletta da Nicolosi. Name change from Deirdre inghean mhic Fhionnain and device change (see RETURNS for badge). Gules, a chevron ermine between two trilliums argent barbed vert seeded gules and a key cross Or.

The September 2007 Ansteorra Letter of Intent noted the following administrative correction:

On the Ansteorran LoI of January 2005, we submitted the new name <Carletta da Nicolosi>, registered by Laurel in May 2005. It turns out this should have been a name change for <Deirdre inghean mhic Fhionnain>, registered April 2003. The submitter has contacted me, and indicated she wants the old name released. This LoI will contain a device change for her new primary name; the old device is currently filed under her old name, of course. Hopefully this will clear up any confusion.

In accordance with the submitter's wishes, her old name Deirdre inghean mhic Fhionnain is released.

The submitter's previous device, Gules, a chevron ermine and in base a cross crosslet fitchy Or, is released. This was registered under the name Deirdre inghean mhic Fhionnain; due to an administrative issue, that armory is not currently associated with the name Carletta da Nicolosi.

Connor MacConmara. Name and device. Quarterly sable and Or, a cross counterchanged and in canton an increscent argent.

Submitted as Connor na Mara, no documentation was provided to demonstrate that the byname na Mara, asserted to mean "[of] the sea", has that meaning or is a period Irish phrase. While the commenters provided documentation for the desired meaning, no documentation was found to suggest that the name follows patterns found in Irish topographic bynames. The submitter included documented examples meaning "of the lake" and "of the harbor", but both lakes and harbors are geographically small, well defined locations, which the sea is not. Barring documentation showing the name in use as a byname, na Mara is not registerable. The submitter asked that if na Mara was not registerable the byname be changed to M'Conmara. Woulfe, Irish Names and Surnames, s.n. Mac Conmara, shows M'Conmara as an anglicized byname dated to Elizabeth I - James I. Precedent, set in the September 2007 cover letter, requires that the scribal abbreviation M' in this name be expanded to Mac. We have changed the name to Connor MacConmara in order to register it.

There was some question whether Connor was an anglicization used in period for the Irish name Conchobhair. This spelling occurs in Fynes Morrison, An itinerary vvritten by Fynes Moryson Gent. First in the Latine tongue, and then translated by him into English: containing his ten yeeres trauell through the tvvelue dominions of Germany, Bohmerland, Sweitzerland, Netherland, Denmarke, Poland, Jtaly, Turky, France, England, Scotland, and Ireland. Diuided into III parts. The I. part. Containeth a iournall through all the said twelue dominions: shewing particularly the number of miles, the soyle of the country, the situation of cities, the descriptions of them, with all monuments in each place worth the seeing, as also the rates of hiring coaches or horses from place to place, with each daies expences for diet, horse-meate, and the like. The II. part. Containeth the rebellion of Hugh, Earle of Tyrone, and the appeasing thereof: written also in forme of a iournall. The III. part. Containeth a discourse vpon seuerall heads, through all the said seuerall dominions, Part II, Book I, p 86, where it mentions a Connor Roe MacGuyre in an event occurring in 1600. This work was published in 1617, so it puts the Anglicization Connor in the gray area.

Nice armory.

Dúnchad Mór mac Rónáin. Name.

Gryffydd Mawr ap Rodri. Device. Sable, two mullets of four points Or and on a bezant a dragon gules.

Gwen Makewin. Name.

This name mixes Welsh and Scots; this is one step from period practice.

Lúcás Mór mac Raghnaill. Name.

Mærwynn Godcild. Name.

Submitted as Mærwyn Godcild, the submitted documentation, Searle, Onomasticon Anglo-Saxonicum, as well as documentation found by the commenters, PASE (http://eagle.cch.kcl.uc.uk:8080/pase) show Mærwynn as the normalized Old English spelling for this name. We have changed the name to Mærwynn Godcild to match the documentation.

Megan Flower del Wal. Name.

The name Megan was declared no longer SCA-compatible on the September 2007 cover letter. However, its registration is allowed until the May 2008 decision meeting to allow names already in submission to be considered without penalizing submitters.

As documented, the name is two steps from period practice. First, it uses an SCA-compatible name. Second, there is a more 300 years between the 1517 date given Flower and the 1213 date given for del Wal. Robert William Ayton, Antiquities of Shropshire, p 209, notes one Robert del Wal (the same name, if not necessarily the same person, cited in 1213) as witness to a quitclaim in 1234. This eliminates the step for temporal disparity.

Natalia d'Auvert. Name.

Nioclás an Tuir. Name and device. Per chevron gules and sable, a spear issuant from base winged argent.

This device does not conflict with the badge for Danr Bjornsson, (Fieldless) An arrow inverted winged argent. There is not a substantial (X.2) difference between a winged spear and a winged arrow, but there is a CD between them, and a second CD for adding the field. Nor is the submitted device a visual conflict with Danr's badge. While it is true that the field cannot be considered when dealing with visual conflict with a fieldless badge, as it must be assumed that the fieldless badge is displayed on the same field, there is sufficient visual difference in this case to carry the device clear of Danr's badge. Please advise the submitter that there should be more of a gap between the tip of the spear and the edge of the shield.

Oliva van Meteren. Device. Barry of eight gules and argent, each gules bar charged with two ducks naiant argent.

Rhiannon verch Bryan. Name and device. Or estencely, in pale two scimitars fesswise edge to chief and on a chief sable a scimitar fesswise edge to chief Or.

Originally submitted as Rhiannon verch Bryan, the name was changed at kingdom to Rhiannon Bryan to comply with RfS III.1.a, requires each name phrase to be linguistically consistent. However, combining Welsh patronymic particles with English names is one of the few exceptions to this rule, because we have period examples of this practice:

The byname ap Erwin does not violate RfS III.1.a, which requires lingual consistency. Though ap was documented as Welsh and Erwin was documented as English, evidence has been found of late period Welsh using English names in bynames that include ap or ferch. This issue has previously been addressed by the precedent:

Found on the LoI as Myfanwy ferch Gerallt, it was originally submitted as Myfanwy ap Gerald, and changed in kingdom because it was felt that the use of ap or ferch needed a Welsh name. However, late period Welsh used ap and ferch with English names, so we have restored the patronymic to the originally submitted form. (LoAR November 1998, p. 4).

As a result, the byname ap Erwin is registerable as a Welsh byname that incorporates an English name, which follows documented period practice. [Rhydderch ap Erwin, 03/2004, A-Æthelmearc]

Given this, we have changed the name back to the originally submitted form.

Rhiannon is an SCA compatible Welsh name. It is the name of a goddess, and we have no evidence that it was used by humans before the 19th or early 20th C.

Roger de Cornwall. Name.

Nice 13th C English name!

Susanna Nightegale de Caldewell. Name change from holding name Susanne of the Steppes.

Vivian McKinnon. Device. Per chevron argent and azure, three thistles one and two vert headed purpure and a Celtic cross argent.

The thistles were blazoned as proper on the LoI but they're not. As Laurel as previously explained:

The thistle was originally blazoned as proper. Thistles, when proper, have green leaves and slips. The "head" of the thistle is comprised of a ball of sepals with a tuft of petals at the top. The head of a thistle proper is drawn with the ball of sepals tinctured in vert and the tuft of petals tinctured in gules or purpure. (To quote Lions Blood, "Only the mohawk is purple.") [Guendolen of Cumbria, 01/03, R-Atlantia]

Please advise the submitter that all of the charges should be drawn larger.

Willoc mac Muiredaig. Name and device. Per pale vert and purpure all semy of thistle heads Or.

This name mixes Old English and Middle Irish; this is one step from period practice.

Zerach ben Avraham. Name and device. Gules, a cup and overall a dagger fesswise point to sinister within a bordure Or.

ATENVELDT

Aasni Ragnhildsdotter. Name and device. Per chevron purpure and barry wavy Or and azure, two clay pots and a whelk argent.

Argyll MacPherson. Badge. Per saltire sable and azure, in pale two towers argent and in fess two wolves courant Or.

Ascelina MacNeil de Ross. Name and device. Argent, four bear's paw prints in cross sable.

Originally submitted as Ascelina de Ross MacNeil, the name was listed on the LoI as Ascelina MacNeil de Ross. No mention was made of the change or the reason for it. Submissions heralds, please note that such omissions may trigger an administrative return. In this case, correspondence from kingdom revealed that the change was made to make the name registerable (indeed, precedent states that locative bynames in Anglicized Gaelic byname phrases must follow the patronymic), so we will accept the name this time. Please note that if this kingdom fails to mention such changes in future, the item will be administratively returned.

The use of paw prints is a step from period practice.

Aurelia Nomadik{e-}. Name and device. Gules, three scorpions Or.

Submitted as Aurelia Nomadikas, the grammar of the byname is incorrect. The byname is an adjective, and the correct adjectival feminine ending in this case is -{e-} (eta). We have changed the name to Aurelia Nomadik{e-} to correct the grammar.

Nice armory. Blazoned on the LoI as Gules, three scorpions gules, a color emblazon was present in OSCAR and most commenters noted that the scorpions are actually Or. Thus, this need not be pended for further conflict checking.

This device does not conflict with Robin the Ruthless in Battel, Gules, a scorpion, within the curve of its tail a heart, and maintaining in each pincer a heart all Or, reblazoned elsewhere on this letter. There is a CD for the number of scorpions and another for removing the secondary heart.

Erin of Atenveldt. Holding name and device. Azure, on a fess argent between a crescent and two scimitars in saltire Or a lotus flower in profile azure.

Please advise the submitted to draw the fess somewhat lower so that the field is more evenly divided and so that the crescent can be drawn larger.

Submitted under the name Amirah al-Zahra, that name was returned on the July 2007 LoAR.

Kazimir Konstantinov. Name and device. Azure, two eagle's heads erased respectant and a goblet Or.

Sara Rebecka Chadburn. Name.

Originally submitted as Sara Rebbeca Chadbourne, the name was changed at kingdom to Sara Rebecka Chadburn; however, no mention of this change was made on the LoI. Submissions heralds, please note that failure to mention changes is grounds for returns. We note that if this happens again with this kingdom, we will be forced to return such items. In this case, correspondence with kingdom revealed that the name was changed to match available documentation and that the changes had been approved by the submitter.

ATLANTIA

Ælfwynn æt Wenlocan. Device. Per pale gules semy-de-lys Or and argent semy-de-lys gules, two herons statant respectant wings addorsed counterchanged argent and sable.

Aíbinn ingen Lorccáin. Name and device. Per chevron gules and vert, three trees Or.

Alysandir of Elgin. Device. Per chevron Or and azure, two frogs sejant respectant and a frog tergiant, all counterchanged.

Annora de Grasse. Name and device. Argent, a swan naiant reguardant within a bordure embattled sable.

Arianna Morgan. Badge. Argent, a chevron and in chief three musical notes one and two sable.

Artur marechal. Name and device. Vert, a horse passant and on a chief Or a hammer vert.

Badouin MacKenzie of Balfour. Badge. (Fieldless) In pale an ounce couchant sable, incensed proper, atop a triumphal arch Or.

Blazoned on the LoI as a panther, the cat lacks the spots of a (British) heraldic panther. Nor does the ounce in this submission resemble the Continental panther of his device, which had been blazoned simply as a panther before December 2006. For a discussion of panthers, please see the December 2006 Cover Letter.

Baldewin van Aaken. Device. Per chevron argent crusilly formy sable and gules, an eagle sable.

Bianca da Bari. Device. Per bend wavy sable and azure, a comet bendwise inverted and a comet bendwise argent.

This device is clear of the device of Joseph d'Aquitaine, Azure, two comets in annulo, heads in fess, argent. There is a CD for changes to the field. There is a second CD for changing the orientation of the comets: Joseph's comets really are in annulo and clearly differ from the two bendwise comets in this submission.

Bjarki Bj{o,}rnólfsson. Name and device. Per pale azure and argent, a serpent involved counterchanged and a point pointed sable.

Listed on the LoI as Bjarki Bjornólfsson, the summarization noted that the first o in the byname was intended as an o-ogonek. The Da'ud notation for this character is {o,}. We have changed the name to Bjarki Bj{o,}rnólfsson to comply with the wishes of the submitter.

Brian Crawford. Badge. (Fieldless) A shepherd's crook bendwise argent, overall a cross crosslet fitchy azure.

Brigida da Napoli. Name and device. Per chevron argent and sable, three bees one and two azure and a skull argent.

Camilla the Joyful. Device. Or, on a bend azure between two butterflies purpure, four lotus blossoms affronty Or.

Christopher de Loghis. Name and device. Per chevron vert and Or, two roses Or each charged with a rose vert and in cross five mullets of eight points vert.

Colene of Black Diamond. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Vert, a triangle within a bordure Or.

This is clear of the device of Sarah Thorarinsdottir, Per pale gules and sable, a valknut and a bordure Or. There is a CD for changes to the field. We were somewhat surprised to learn that a triangle is a period heraldic charge. Both Batonvert and Tanczos Istvan have noted that the triangle is found in a number of coats of arms in the mid-15th c. Stemmario Trivulziano. In all the cases, the modern blazons by the Swiss heraldic expert Carlo Maspoli make it clear that the charges are indeed triangles, rather than wedges or some other charge. In the arms of de Cantono (p. 91) the charges are allusive, as "canto" means corner or angle. The triangles in the Trivulziano armory are found both in the "point up" orientation (the SCA default) and in the "point-down" (SCA-inverted) orientation. A valknut is not a period heraldic charge; however, there is sufficient visual difference to grant a CD between a valknut (three triangles voided and interlaced) and a triangle.

Submitted under the name Cnes ingen Conchobuir.

Edward Walderne. Name.

Eliko de Lindasund. Name and device. Azure, a frog argent.

Nice 14th C Latinized Swedish name!

Nice armory.

Elvira Pedrosa. Badge. Sable estencelly argent, on a lighthouse Or masoned sable enflamed proper, an anchor sable.

Friderich Weber. Name.

Gabriel Darke. Name.

Giovanni de Moncellis. Device. Per bend sinister gules and sable, a bend sinister wavy argent, overall a bat-winged horned lion-dragon erect Or.

We note that a lion-dragon is wingless, therefore the presence of wings must be blazoned.

Griffin Wharvager. Badge. (Fieldless) On a castle gules a griffin segreant Or.

Gyles Courtenay. Device. Vert, on a pale sable fimbriated between two anchors bendwise sinister and fouled of their cables, three mullets Or.

Hamon MacPhersone. Name and device. Per fess sable and Or, two arrows inverted and a wolf's head cabossed within a bordure semy of musical notes, all counterchanged.

Submitted as Hamon McPhersone, precedent requires that the scribal abbreviation Mc be expanded before it can be registered. We have changed the name to Hamon MacPhersone in order to register it.

Helmut Kruger. Device change. Per pale Or and gules crusilly formy counterchanged, an eagle sable.

His previous device, Argent, on a bend enarched gules between two crosses formy sable three standing balances bendwise sinister Or, is retained as a badge.

Ívarr brotamaðr. Name.

Katerina das Vögelein. Badge. (Fieldless) In pale a duck naiant to sinister Or within and conjoined to the blades of an open pair of scissors sable.

Leupold Rakescherf. Name.

Lucia Velasquez de Trujillo. Device. Per pale gules and sable, a goat rampant reguardant between six trefoils, two, two, and two, argent.

Lukas Brierley. Device. Gules chaussé ployé ermine, in pale three apple blossoms argent.

For purposes of conflict, an apple blossom is no different than a cinquefoil or a rose (or other similar flowers).

Magdalena de Hazebrouck. Alternate name Maymunah bint Da'ud al-Siqill{i-}yah.

Marcus Artorius Vindex. Name change from Artúr hua Láegaire.

His old name, Artúr hua Láegaire, is retained as an alternative name.

Mariana Francisco. Name.

Marina Wymarc. Name and device. Vert, a shakefork Or between in base a pair of dragon's wings argent.

Matheo Trentavasi. Name and device. Argent, a winged monkey rampant sable maintaining a grenade within a bordure embattled gules.

Mathilda Fleming. Name and device. Per bend gules and Or, a seahorse contourny counterchanged argent and vert.

Matthew of Norfolk. Name change from Matthew of Marinus.

His old name, Matthew of Marinus is released.

Michael Wymarc. Name and device. Azure, a shakefork between a die argent, marked azure, and two rapiers inverted in pile within a bordure embattled argent.

Mýrún Ásgeirsdóttir. Name.

The submitter requested an authentic Norse name. While all parts of this name are Norse, we cannot make the name authentic since the given name is a Norse form of a name found only in Ireland. Mýrún is a Norse form of the Old Irish name Muirenn. The only examples we have of this name refer to a daughter of an Irish king.

Olwynn ni Chinnéidigh. Device change. Or, three nesselblätter pean.

Her old device, Vert, semy of quill pens, an open book argent, bound proper, is released.

Rany Gray. Name and device. Per chevron Or and vert, three lozenges one and two and a griffin rampant reguardant counterchanged.

Submitted as Rane Gray, this name is a visual conflict with Jane Grey, who was Queen of England for nine days in 1553. The changes in this case do not constitute a significant visual difference. This is also a visual conflict with the author Zane Grey, of whom "Britannica Online" (search.eb.com) says "prolific writer whose romantic novels of the American West largely created a new literary genre, the western." The submitter allows all changes, so we have changed the name to Rany Gray in order to register it. Rany is documented as a variant spelling of Rane in Sharon Krossa, "Early 16th Century Scottish Lowland Names" (http://medievalscotland.org/scotnames/lowland16/). Note that Rane and Rany are pronounced with two syllables.

Robert Kenrick. Name and device. Per pale gules and Or, a cross between in bend two crosses crosslet counterchanged.

Robert Thompson. Name and device. Quarterly Or and sable, two ravens sable within a bordure counterchanged.

Rohesia Kenneswyn. Device change. Azure, three ducks naiant within a bordure wavy Or.

The submitter's previous device, Purpure, three ducks naiant within a bordure wavy Or, is released.

Rose Galen. Name and device. Or, a lightning bolt bendwise sinister between two compass stars, all within a bordure embattled sable.

There was some question whether Galen, registerable as an English or Scots literary name, was registerable as a byname. In the November 2007 registration of Galen MacAllister we noted:

Galen had previously been registerable in English and Scots as a literary name. However, this submitter was able to document the name in use in England in our gray area:

There is a Galen Browne who was a late period physician; he practiced medicine in English [sic] 1619-1639. (http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=17273&strquery=Galen>).

Because Galen is a documented given name, and because unmarked patronymics in English follow a well-documented pattern, Galen is also registerable as an unmarked patronymic. We do note that, given the late date at which the given name is documented, it is nearly certain it was never actually used in a patronymic byname.

The submitter has permission to conflict with the device of Galen the Merchant, Or, a lightning bolt bendwise sinister between two compass stars sable.

Santiago Ruiz de Zaragoza. Device. Per pale argent and sable, two domestic cats combatant counterchanged sable and Or.

Sarah Elizabeth of Bellwood. Device. Sable, in fess a mask of comedy and a mask of tragedy Or, on a chief argent three stars of David azure.

Seamus the Tinker. Name.

This name mixes Gaelic and English; this is one step from period practice.

Sebastian De Lasset. Device. Gules, two winged stags salient respectant and in base a fleur-de-lys argent, a chief indented Or.

Please advise the submitter to draw the stags larger so that they are more clearly the primary charges.

Stefan Franz. Name and device. Per pale gules and azure, four annulets two and two within a bordure Or.

Timothy of Shaftesbury. Device. Per bend Or and gules, a chief sable.

Vestarr Þorgrímsson. Name.

CAID

Angels, Barony of the. Badge for the populace (see RETURNS for other badge). (Fieldless) A set of seraph's wings Or.

This is the defining instance of a set of seraph's wings, an SCA invention: six wings conjoined as they would be found on a seraph. A set of seraph's wings is considered a single charge. Per RfS X.4.e, "A charge not used in period armory will be considered different in type if its shape in normal depiction is significantly different." A set of seraph's wings is not a period charge, so its difference from a seraph must be determined on visual grounds.

A seraph has a face charged on the conjunction point of the six wings, while this charge lacks the face. Because the seraph's face is the same tincture as the wings upon which it completely lies, its presence is solely a matter of internal detailing, and doesn't affect the charge's "shape in normal depiction." There is thus no difference between a seraph (also blazoned as a seraph's head) and a set of seraph's wings. Nor is there a difference between a set of seraph's wings and a standing seraph.

Angels, Barony of the. Badge for Order of the Seraphic Star. (Fieldless) On a set of seraph's wings Or a mullet of six points gules.

This is clearly a charge on a set of seraph's wings, not a charge with seraph's wings. As such, it does not run afoul of the precedent from May 2007 (v. Barony of Mag Mor) which disallowed seraph's wings applied to any charge other than a seraph or a standing seraph.

As a mullet of six points is radially symmetrical, no orientation need be specified for the mullet. Nor is that orientation worth any heraldic difference.

Cormac Mór. Badge change. (Fieldless) Two torches in saltire Or.

There was considerable discussion on whether or not this submission was a technical or visual conflict with the heralds' badge, or whether it was too similar to the reserved two straight trumpets in saltire. In any other tincture it is unlikely that these issues would have even been raised. However, given the extensive commentary we will address the issues here.

There is a CD between a torch (which is always depicted as enflamed) and a straight trumpet. Therefore, this is not a depiction of reserved charges. The submitted badge is technically clear of the heralds' badge registered for the College of Arms, Vert, two straight trumpets in saltire, bells in chief, Or: there is a CD for fieldlessness and another for the aforesaid difference in charges.

More difficult is the decision on whether or not there is a visual conflict between Cormac's badge and the heralds' badge. As Cormac's badge is fieldless, for purposes of visual conflict we must assume it to be displayed on the same field as the heralds' badge. After much discussion with both heralds and non-heralds we have determined that, while the badges are similar, they are not in visual conflict.

The submitter's previous badge, (Fieldless) Two torches in saltire argent enflamed proper, is released.

Eleonora di Gerardo. Device. Vert, three peacocks in their pride argent.

Nice armory.

This device does not conflict with the device of John of Ean Airgead, called the Mad Celt, Vert, a chimney swift migrant palewise argent. [Chaetura pelagica], or with his badge, Vert, a chimney swift migrant palewise holding in its beak a holly leaf fesswise argent. In each case there is a CD for the number of birds, a CD for the type of the birds, and a third CD for the posture of the birds. This device is also clear of the device of Hreothbeorht the Fat, Vert, two geese volant and a swan naiant bendwise pierced by an arrow fesswise argent, with CDs for the type and posture of the birds.

Ismay of Giggleswick. Alternate name Ljúfvina íkorni.

Margaret Hepburn of Ardrossan. Badge. (Fieldless) A greyhound couchant reguardant azure ermined and collared argent.

Martin FitzJames. Device change. Per chevron argent and sable, three roses in chevron proper and a sword fesswise argent.

His previous device, Per chevron argent and sable, a rose chevronwise reversed proper slipped and leaved vert and a sword fesswise argent, is released.

Natalya de Foix. Blanket permission to conflict with badge. Sable, a lion couchant, its head a sun in splendour Or.

The permission to conflict with her badge is granted for any armory that is one countable step from her badge. This blanket permission to conflict was sent directly to Wreath in response to conflict with a submission under consideration. The permission to conflict was received after the LoAR with the conflicting armory was published. As the blanket permission to conflict contained no special restrictions, it is being accepted without having appeared on a Letter of Intent.

Natalya de Foix. Blanket permission to conflict with device. Sable, a lion couchant, its head a sun in splendour Or, in chief a ducal coronet argent.

The permission to conflict with her device is granted for any armory that is one countable step from her device. This blanket permission to conflict was sent directly to Wreath in response to conflict with a submission under consideration. The permission to conflict was received after the LoAR with the conflicting armory was published. As the blanket permission to conflict contained no special restrictions, it is being accepted without having appeared on a Letter of Intent.

Tetchubah of Greenlake. Badge. (Fieldless) A human breast azure distilling three gouttes argent.

We hereby overturn the precedent of May 2006 (v. Meredydd ferch Owain ap Eliseg):

[(Fieldless) A woman's breast proper distilling goutes argent] This badge is returned for conflict with Edwin Bersark, Gules, a roundel so drawn as to represent a round shield battered in long and honourable service, argent, and with Erryk Blackwolf, Per bend sinister sable and gules, a plate. In each case there is a CD for fieldlessness, but there is no difference between a plate (that is, a roundel argent) and a woman's breast proper. The goutes count for naught.

A human breast is an allowed charge that has one clear difference (CD) from a roundel. It must have gouttes, and the gouttes must be visible. This means that they need some contrast with the breast but need not have good contrast. (We realize that the one period example of a breast, in the arms of Dodge, is a breast proper with argent gouts; however, SCA heraldry does in fact make some distinctions that period heraldry did not. As we will allow a breast that is not proper, we are requiring some contrast with the gouttes to ensure its identifiability.) The tincture of the gouttes must be blazoned. As in the arms of Dodge, the gouttes may extend beyond the edge of the breast. The gouttes do not count as tertiary charges; they are part of the charge as a whole.

Granting a CD between a roundel and a breast is not inconsistent with our treatment of moons. Moons and roundels were both period charges, between which we grant no difference. The moon is distinguished only by drawn lines (diapering, in effect). The gouttes distilled by the breast are not diapering, and thus can contribute to the difference between a roundel and a breast.

This submission used a lighter shade of azure for the nipple. The use of different shades of the same tincture is found in period heraldic art: not so much in rolls of arms done in haste, but in grants of arms or occasional rolls, which could be painted with more care. Thus in Lant's Roll c. 1595, the crosses are shaded and given depth using two shades of gules [Oxford Guide to Heraldry, plate 4], while the fleurs-de-lys in the arms of Patenson, 1559, are done in two shades of gold [Heraldry by Bedingfeld and Gwynn-Jones, p. 50]. Given that the use of two shades of a tincture is supported by period heraldic art, and indeed serves to increase recognizability of the breast, it is allowable. The breast is still azure, no matter what particular shade of azure is used for the detailing.

Tetchubah of Greenlake. Reblazon of device. Per chevron vert and Or, two quill pens in chevron Or and a rose sable.

Registered in May 1986 with the blazon Per chevron vert and Or, two quills in chevron Or and a rose sable, the charges in chief are actually quill pens.

Thórbjörn Assa. Device. Ermine, two ravens close respectant gules.

Commentary raised the issue of whether the ravens were in a blazonable or reproducible posture: the raised feet and the tails extended to base were the primary concerns. The ravens would be unremarkable, we suspect, were it not for those: the birds shown are fuzzy, and they are (absent the tails) in a position that is similar to many period depictions of close. We have previously held that birds close could be drawn with one foot raised (so-called "passant") without the fact needing blazon. The main problem here, then, is with the tails being extended so far to base. However, we have also held -- indeed, insisted -- that charges are properly drawn to fill the available space, and the submitter has done that here. Period emblazons frequently "distort" birds and beasts to fill the space (the lions of England being a readily available example), and so long as identifiability is maintained, we have no problem with it. Ravens in period were almost always close, as here, and frequently drawn with fuzzy feathers, as here. Given that even those who questioned the registerability of the ravens because of the tails recognized that the birds were ravens, as did all of those present at the Wreath meeting, we will give the submitter the benefit of the doubt and register this submission.

Please advise the submitter to draw more and bolder ermine spots.

CALONTIR

Alaina Frantzin von Wirtenberg. Name and device. Countervair, a lion sejant with dexter forepaw raised Or, on a chief sable five ermine spots argent.

There is no heraldic difference between this chief and a chief counter-ermine, and we would normally blazon it as the latter; however, five is few enough that the number may be specified, if the submitter insists.

Anastasiia Sviatoslavova vdova Aleksandrova. Name and device. Vert, a chevron rompu between three Russian Orthodox crosses argent.

Antonia Stefani. Device. Per pale Or and vert, in fess a sprig of three cherries, slipped and leaved proper, and a bee Or marked sable, a chief checky sable and argent.

There was some question of whether or not the addition of the chief removed the appearance of marshalling for armory with a per pale line of division. In 1992 Laurel ruled:

[Per pale, a harp and a cross of four lozenges, a chief embattled] The chief was a mark of primary cadency in period (Gayre's Heraldic Cadency, p.153), and it became part of the Stodart system of cadency used today in Scotland. Thus, the addition of a chief to quartered armory would not remove the appearance of marshalling. However, the chief's use as a brisure was never as widespread as the bordure's; where the bordure would be used to cadence all forms of marshalling, the chief would only be used to cadence quartering. In the case of impalement --- which implies a marital coat, not an inherited one --- the addition of the chief is sufficient to remove the appearance of marshalling. (Æthelstan von Ransbergen, September, 1992, pg. 1)

A 2002 precedent dealing with bordures states:

[Per pale argent and sable, a human footprint sable and two roundels in pale argent within a bordure vert] The device raised questions about marshalling. RfS XI.3 states: "Armory that appears to marshall independent arms is considered presumptuous." Without the bordure, this would be returned for the appearance of impalement, which is the display of two coats, side by side, to show marital affiliation or tenure in an office.

Armory can avoid the appearance of marshalling by adding "charges overall that were not used for marshalling in period heraldry" (RfS XI.3.a). In late period, a bordure may be added to some kinds of marshalled coats of arms as a mark of cadency: an individual who bore quartered arms as his personal arms might have a child who bore the quartered arms within a bordure. The child's arms would still be marshalled. Thus, adding a bordure will not remove the appearance of marshalling from quartered arms.

However, impaled arms show marriage or tenure in an office. In period, a second generation would not generally inherit the impaled arms in that form. The component arms of two married people might be inherited in a quartered form by a child, but would not be inherited in an impaled form.

Bordures in impaled arms traditionally cut off at the line of division. If one impaled the hypothetical arms Argent, a cross fleury within a bordure gules and Gules, a lion within a bordure argent, the resultant impaled armory would appear to be Per pale argent and gules, a cross fleury and a lion within a bordure counterchanged. As a result, armory using a per pale line of division, a bordure, and different types of charges on each side of the line of division will look like marshalled arms if the bordure changes tincture at the line of division. It may also look like marshalled armory if the bordure is a solid tincture but has good contrast with both halves of the field. The hypothetical arms Argent, a sword within a bordure sable and Or, an eagle within a bordure sable would combine when impaled to armory which would appear to be Per pale argent and Or, a sword and an eagle within a bordure sable. Thus, the only case in which a bordure may remove the appearance of impalement from armory which would otherwise appear to be impaled is if the bordure is a solid tincture and if it has poor contrast with one half of the field. That is the case with this device. [Pegge Leg the Merchant, 03/02, A-An Tir]

At issue is whether or not the 2002 precedent should apply to chiefs as well as to bordures. No evidence has been presented to counter the 1992 precedent that "the chief would only be used to cadence quartering". We grant the submitter the benefit of the doubt and will register this device. Pending proof that chiefs were commonly used to cadence impaled arms, we will continue to uphold the 1992 precedent and hold that the 2002 precedent applies only to bordures, not to chiefs.

Beatrix Funteyn. Name and device. Vert, a fountain between three bees proper.

Boris Nemtsov. Device. Gules, on a bend sinister embattled counter-embattled cotised plain Or, three grenades palewise sable flamed gules.

Caelainn ingen Chainnig. Device. Argent, on a bend sinister wavy azure between two gouttes de sang a unicorn's horn argent.

Calontir, Kingdom of. Transfer of heraldic title Condor Herald to Odierne Lion.

Cordeilla uxor Alexander. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Emelye Tayte. Name and device. Gules, a flute bendwise within an orle of musical notes Or.

Gyða glóra. Name.

Submitted as Gyda glóra, this name is two steps from period practice. First, it mixes Swedish and Old Norse. Second, there is a more than 300 year gap between the 10th century date for the byname and the 14th C date for the given name. The submitter indicated that she would not accept major changes such as the changing of the language of a name element, but a timely correction noted that she would accept the fully Old Norse Gyða glóra. Gyða appears on page 10 of Haraldson, The Old Norse Name. We have made this change.

Heinrich von Emden. Name and device. Sable, a harpy displayed within a bordure embattled Or.

Iames Levyngistoun. Name and device. Per pale indented azure and argent, two griffins combatant counterchanged.

Kára in hárfagra. Name and device. Per fess wavy purpure and argent, a tree blasted and couped and the lower half of a fish palewise, couped end to chief counterchanged.

Blazoned on the LoI as a "dolphin's tail", with the head missing there is no way to tell that this tail came from a dolphin. As the charge is more than just the tail of the fish, we have blazoned it as half a generic fish. The LoI stated "Unlike a whale or dragon tail, the heraldic dolphin tail is highly recognizable. If this were not the case, placing the tail on a demi-animal would not result in sea creatures (e.g. Sea Lion, Sea Elephant, Sea Wolf, etc) which regularly appear for consideration." However, this is not the case. As Tanczos Istvan wrote, "'Sea-quadruped' means that the hind end has been replaced by a marine critter's rear half, beyond which it doesn't really matter what kind it is, since it's a whopping big fluke, not two legs."

Katalena of Owlsherst. Name change from Catalina Artemisia Anguissola and device change. Azure, an owl argent atop a mount Or, on a chief argent a hurst of pine trees azure.

Her old name, Catalina Artemisia Anguissola, is retained as an alternative name.

Her old alternative name, Katelina Biornsdottir, is released.

Her previous device, Azure, a winged fish volant bendwise and in base a bar wavy Or, is retained as a badge.

Kathryn Daggett. Name and device. Per pale gules and vert, two sea-horses addorsed argent.

Lucius Angelini de Santa Croce. Device. Per saltire sable and ermine, a Maltese cross and a skull argent.

Lyubava Volchikha. Device change. Argent, nine dogs statant three, three and three sable.

This is equivalent to Argent semy of dogs statant sable; however, as the number and arrangement are important to the submitter we have retained the submitted blazon. Nine is the most charges that can be enumerated in this manner. As Black Stag notes:

Surely, a period drawing of 9 items on a shield of this form would have one of the items taking up that uncomfortably blank spot in base. (3, 3, 2 and 1 most likely...)

Whereas I wouldn't distinguish 9 items in orle from 7 items in orle or 13 items in orle in a blazon, here I think the "3 3 and 3" arrangement is important enough that - since the submitter seems to want it - it is something we should strongly consider registering. It seems a logical extension of the standard Iberian arrangement of 2 2 and 2. It also seems a logical extension of the standard division of the field into 9 parts (cross quarterpierced/checky of 3... call it what you will.)

Her previous device, Argent, a seraph within a bordure potenty azure, is released.

Marie du Bois. Reblazon of badge for House Woodshaven. Sable, a chevron throughout and in base a tree couped Or.

Registered in January 1985 with the blazon Sable, a chevron throughout and a tree couped Or, that blazon did not make it clear that the tree is a secondary charge. The chevron, as an ordinary, is still the sole primary charge despite the relatively large size of the secondary charge (and the chevron being slightly higher than we are use to seeing).

Oddi {o,}lfúss. Device. Or, in fess two Thor's hammers vert within a bordure embattled sable.

Odierne Lion. Acceptance of transfer of heraldic title Condor Herald from Calontir, Kingdom of.

Padraig mac Domhnaill. Device. Or, a turtle and in chief two four-leaved clovers vert, a ford proper.

Rebecca Kathryn Bacon. Name.

Robert Lector of Reading. Name and device. Per bend sinister sable and Or, two cannon barrels in saltire and three Latin crosses counterchanged.

Seathrún Mag Aonghuis. Name.

Vilhjálmr hálftr{o,}ll. Name.

Wolfgang Schärlin. Name.

DRACHENWALD

Rakonczay Gergely. Device. Azure, a boar statant sable transfixed by an arrow bendwise sinister Or and in chief a decrescent argent and a mullet of eight points Or.

We note that this device is registered to the submitter under RfS VIII.6.b - Documented Exceptions - Regional Style. The submitter provided documentation for sable animals on azure fields, argent decrescents with Or suns (or multiply pointed mullets), and sable animals transfixed by Or arrows in period Hungarian armory. He also provided documentation for the combination of these motifs. Multiple examples of each were provided. In keeping with precedent, we note that the documented exception applies only to this submission, and not to other submissions.

Siubhán inghean Fhearghusa. Device. Per fess Or and azure, a wyvern sejant gules and three chevronels braced Or.

EAST

Conogan mab Rioc. Name and device. Azure, a tower Or and a chief wavy erminois.

There was some question whether the name as submitted was registerable, and, since the submitter requested an authentic 12th C Breton name, whether it was an appropriate form for that time and place. The name as submitted is registerable. The Latin name Conoganus is found a document in Bulletin de la Commission Diocésaine d'Architecture & d'Archéologie for the diocese of Quimper and Leon (Quimper is the see in Breton of which Saint Conogan was bishop); in a document titled "Inventaire du Trésor de la Cathédrale - le 16 Février 1272", p 353 is the statement "Item capu beati Conogani in alio vase argenti" (Item the head of the blessed Conogan in another white vessel). A similar Latin spelling, Sanctus Conocanus is found in the 12th C Cartulaire de Landevenne. The same cartulary also tells of a Sent Rioc and Riocus abbas istius loci. Given this, we can conjecture that Conogan and Rioc are possible vernacular forms; we note, though, that we have no non-Latin examples. Finally, the patronymic marker is found in a gloss of mabcauuelou in Old-Breton Glosses, p 4, where the gloss says "A compound of mab 'child', and cauuelou", the glossary from which the word is taken is dated to the 7th C. John Koch, Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia, notes the phrase "map, g. filz [fils]" in Jehan Lagadeuc Catholicon, published in the late 15th C. The spelling mab also appears in 16th C publications of Breton mysteries; Hersart de la Villemarque, Le Grand Mystère de jésus passion et resurrection, Drame Dreton du Monen Age, notes that this mystery was published in the mid 16th C. The mystery repeats the phrase mab Doe "son of God", several times. We believe that the combination of the 7th C gloss with the 15th and 16th published examples provides the submitter the benefit of the doubt that mab is a reasonable patronymic marker for Breton names in period. However, because the names are both saint's names and the evidence for the patronymic marker is sketchy, we cannot say whether this form is authentic for the 12th C as the submitter desires.

The tower has a cross-shaped arrow slit that some commenters felt should be blazoned as a tertiary charge (i.e., a cross); however, such an arrow-slit is standard for towers and castles. In pending a badge for Matillis atte Hethe on the January 2007 LoAR it was ruled that such crosses are considered arrow slits, not tertiary charges. Crosses that do not appear to be arrow slits - such as Celtic crosses - will be treated as tertiary charges. Cross that appear to be arrow slits, such as plain crosses and crosses pometty, will be treated as architectural details - not as tertiary charges.

Engraçia de Madrigal. Name and device. Paly azure and argent, a dance vert.

Nice late 15th C Spanish name!

Éogan mac Domnaill. Name.

The submitter requested a 12th C Scottish Gaelic name. This is a well documented 12th C Gaelic name, but the given name is documented as an Irish name. While it is very likely that this name is also found in Scotland at that time, we have no examples dating to the 12th C. Therefore, we cannot say for certain that this is an authentic Scottish name.

Gabriella von Ulm. Name and device. Ermine, a horse rampant sable and a bordure azure.

This name combines Italian and German; this is one step from period practice.

Griffith Davion. Name.

This name mixes English and Dutch; this is one step from period practice.

Jehane de Fenwyk. Name.

Joshua fil Simeon. Name and device. Or, three kraken gules.

Submitted as Joshua ben Simeon, the names were documented from Eleazar ha-Levi, "Jewish Naming Practices in Angevin England" (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/jewish.html). While all the names in this article are born by Jews in England, the names themselves are recorded in Latin. This means that the byname combines Hebrew and Latin in violation of RfS III.1.c, Linguistic Consistency. We have changed the name to Joshua fil Simeon in order to register it.

Lorenzo Gorla. Name and device. Azure, a fess bretessed argent between six covered cups Or.

We compliment the submitter on his choice of covered cups, which are so common in period heraldry and so rare in SCA heraldry.

Molly inghean ui Raighallaigh. Name change from holding name Molly of Iron Bog and badge. (Fieldless) A thimble per pale sable and argent.

This name mixes English and Gaelic; this is one step from period practice. The submitter has a letter of permission to conflict with Màiri ni Raghallaigh, registered August 1990.

Noah de Fenwyk. Name and device. Azure, three enfields rampant and a bordure Or.

Originally submitted as Noah de Fenwyk, the name was changed to Noe at kingdom, because no documentation was found for the spelling Noah before 1660. The commenters have provided some examples of the submitted spellings in the late 16th C. Wreath notes the following from parish records at ancestry.com: "Noah filius Malachie Edwardes baptizatus fuit 02 May 1595 (Cornwall)", "23 Dec 1591 Noah Eaton, houshoulder (burial, Kent)", "11 Nov 1627 Noah Griffith & Elizabeth Ward mar. (marriage, Staffordshire)." Albion notes a Noah Bodowe in 1571, a foreigner living in England listed in Kirk, R. E. G. (Richard Edward Gent), ed., Returns of aliens dwelling in the city and suburbs of London from the reign of Henry VIII. to that of James I. Given this, we have changed the name back to the originally submitted form. We note that the form Noe is a common form found in Middle and Elizabethan English, and better recreation with the 13th C de Fenwyk.

Nice armory.

Norcastel, Shire of. Device. Azure estencelly argent, a tower Or atop a base argent charged with a laurel wreath azure.

Rufus Bowie. Name change from George Bowie.

Nice 16th C English name!

His old name, George Bowie, is released.

Síle Bowie. Name change from Síle nic Chárthaigh.

This name mixes Gaelic and English; this is one step from period practice.

Her old name, Síle nic Chárthaigh, is released.

William O Donovan of Monmouth. Name and device. Gules, three frets couped Or.

Submitted as William O Donovan , this name conflicts with the mundane name William Donovan. William "Wild Bill" Donovan was the founder and head of the OSS, and as such his influence in the world of intelligence during the Cold War is enormous. As Metron Ariston notes, "To say that he should not be protected would be similar to saying that the names of George Patton, Douglas MacArthur or William Halsey should not be protected." We concur. The submitter noted that if this was deemed to be a conflict, he would accept a change to William O Donovan of Monmouth, and provided documentation for the additional element and the new naming pattern. Therefore, we have made this change.

Nice armory.

Wir Coleshulle. Device. Azure, a beacon between flaunches argent, each charged with two escallops inverted azure.

We note that a beacon should be drawn with a ladder, but is acceptable without one as long identifiability is maintained. A beacon may be drawn with a bit of ground under the legs, as here. This is not standard, but is an acceptable artistic variant.

GLEANN ABHANN

Aveline Frazer. Name.

There was some discussion of the spelling of the byname. The z in this name almost certainly is a modern transcription of the letter yogh. We would advise submitters to use a yogh in such names, but will not decline to register transcriptions using z at this time.

LAUREL

Nicaragua. Reblazon of important non-SCA flag. Azure, on a fess argent a triangle bleu celeste charged with a liberty cap gules irradiated straight argent between rising out of the sea in base azure five volcanoes vert and in chief a natural rainbow throughout proper, the triangle environed by the words REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA and AMERICA CENTRAL in annulo Or.

Protected in September 1995 with the blazon, Azure, on a fess argent on a triangle bleu celeste a liberty cap gules irradiated straight argent between rising out of the sea in base azure five volcanoes vert and in chief a natural rainbow throughout proper, environed by the words REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA and AMERICA CENTRAL in annulo Or, that blazon places the words on the triangle, not the fess. We have reblazoned the flag to clarify this issue.

Society for Creative Anachronism, Chronicler's Office. Reblazon of badge for Tournaments Illuminated. Per saltire gules and azure, in pale two demi-suns issuant from the line of division and in fess two spears issuant from the flanks, points conjoined Or.

Registered in April 1981 with the blazon Gules, a sun Or, overall on two piles conjoined in fess azure two spears conjoined in fess throughout Or, that blazon does not adequately describe the badge. In order to more clearly describe the badge - and to make future conflict checking easier - we have reblazoned it.

Ulster. Important non-SCA badge. Argent, a dexter hand appaumy gules.

This is also known as the Red Hand of Ulster. It is currently misidentified in the Table 2 of the Glossary of Terms. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on the Red Hand of Ulster and the augmentation for the Baronets of Great Britain.

MERIDIES

Bronwen o Gydweli. Acceptance of transfer of heraldic title White Antelope Herald from Meridies, Kingdom of.

Faolán Ó Manacháin. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Nice 13th C Irish name!

Marthe Elsbeth of Oak Hill. Device. Argent, three leaves in pile stems conjoined and on a point pointed sable an acorn argent.

Blazoned on the LoI as oak leaves, the leaves are clearly leaves but they do not match the standard heraldic oak leaves. We have therefore blazoned them as generic leaves.

Meridies, Kingdom of. Transfer of heraldic title White Antelope Herald to Bronwen o Gydweli.

NORTHSHIELD

Albrecht of Caer Anterth-Mor. Device. Azure, a gryphon segreant argent and on a chief Or three fountains, overall a bordure counterchanged.

The most common depiction of a chief and a bordure has the chief overlying the bordure; however, precedent indicates that there are some examples of bordures overlying chiefs (v. Ambrosius MacDaibhidh, December 1995). Prior precedent states:

Please note that the design of counterchanging a bordure over a pile is considered "a weirdness" in the SCA - a single step from period practice (per the LoAR of July 2001). One such step in armory is acceptable, but more than one such step is considered too far from period practice and reason for return. [Clef of Cividale, 03/03, R-Calontir]

Similarly, barring period evidence of such counterchanging, counterchanging a bordure over a chief is also a step from period practice.

Alyna of Pinehyll. Name (see PENDS for device).

Submitted as Alyna of Four Pines Hyll, no documentation for the construction number + tree type + topographic element in English place names was provided. Examples of place names containing the element hill, and examples of tree names + generic topographic elements were provided, but this does not support the same construction with the addition of a number. However, the commenters were able to offer two plausible place names which use elements of the submitted name. Smith, English Place-Name Elements, s.v. hyll, notes that in compounds hyll is often found with "words denoting plants, trees, and esp. crops". The Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. pine, dates the header spelling to 1425, so the construction Pinehill or Pinehyll is plausible. Also Ekwall s.n. Sevenoaks dates Sevenak to 1218 and Seuenok to 1230; this supports the construction number + tree, so Fourpine is also a plausible construction. The Oxford English Dictionary s.v. four, dates the spelling four to 1300. We have changed the name to Alyna of Pinehyll in order to register it; we note that the form Alyna of Fourpine is also registerable.

Caer Anterth Mawr, Barony of. Branch name change from Caer Anterth-Mor, Barony of.

Their old branch name, Caer Anterth-Mor, Barony of, is released.

Caer Anterth Mawr, Barony of. Badge. Azure, a tower between in chief three mullets one and two argent and issuant from a trimount vert.

The blazon has been revised to follow the pattern of the baronial arms. There was some question on whether or not the trimount was acceptable: the "hills" are very shallow humps. A mount has a single hump, and a trimount has three. Normally this would be returned for blurring the distinction, but it is very close to the trimount in their registered arms. We are therefore granting them the benefit of the doubt and registering it as a trimount. We ask that they please use a proper trimount - one that clearly has three hills - when displaying this badge.

Elizabeth Wren. Name.

Nice 16th C English name!

Eva of Greenfield. Name.

James Applegate. Name change from James of Penrose.

His old name, James of Penrose, is released.

Kit Marik syn. Name and device. Per bend sinister azure and gules, a lion rampant counterchanged argent and Or.

Kristin Leifsdottir and James Applegate. Joint household name House of Applegate.

Margareta Saunfayle. Name.

Raffiano Morosini. Name.

Reinholdt von Trollenhagen. Blanket permission to conflict with name.

The submitter grants blanket permission to register names that conflict with but are not identical to his registered name. Further, he notes that, if the Rules for Submission are changed to allow registration of identical items, he will allow registration of items that are identical to his name.

Sarah the Foole. Device. Per chevron vert and azure, a chevron and in chief a leaf argent.

OUTLANDS

Maredudd Cethin. Acceptance of transfer of heraldic title Dredde Naught Herald Extraordinary from Outlands, Kingdom of the.

Outlands, Kingdom of the. Transfer of heraldic title Dredde Naught Herald Extraordinary to Maredudd Cethin.

Readstan, Canton of. Device. Gules, a gryphon segreant argent, in base a laurel wreath Or.

Nice branch arms.

Thyræ úlfr. Device. Per pale vert and sable, a wolf statant argent and a chief Or.

Víga-Víkingr í Horni. Device. Per bend sinister gules and sable, a ram's horn Or and a dragon's head couped argent.

Zafirah al-`Aliyyah. Name and device. Per bend sinister vert and sable, a crescent argent and a duck naiant Or.

Submitted as Zafirah al-'Aliyya, the ah at the end of Zafirah and the a at the end of al-'Aliyya are transliterations of the same letter in Arabic. Precedent holds that a transliterated names must use a single transliteration system. In addition, the source used to document the byname,- Da'ud ibn Auda. "Period Arabic Names and Naming Practices" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/arabic-naming2.htm) shows al-`Aliyya. We have changed the name to Zafirah al-`Aliyyah in order to register it.

SIREN

Algarve King of Arms. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

Angoulême Herald. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

Brabant King of Arms. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

Bretagne King of Arms. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

Ceuta Herald. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

Champagne King of Arms. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

Cochem Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

Dauphin King of Arms. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

Flanders King of Arms. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

Goa Herald. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

Hainault King of Arms. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

India King of Arms. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

Lisboa Herald. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

Lorraine Herald. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

Malo King of Arms. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

Portugal King of Arms. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

Santarém Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

Tavira Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

Valois King of Arms. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

WEST

Abu Shahid Malik al-Haddad. Name and device. Per saltire sable and argent, in cross a roundel between four crescents, horns outward, counterchanged.

Submitted as Abu Shahid Malik al Haddad, the documentation for the nisba, Da'ud ibn Auda, "Period Arabic Names and Naming Practices" (www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/arabic-naming2.htm), shows the form al-Haddad. We have changed the name to Abu Shahid Malik al-Haddad to match the documentation.

Allison MacMurrye. Name.

Submitted as Allison McMurrye of Atholl, the combination of the name Murray or MacMurrey with the location of Atholl is a claim to be the chief of Clan Murray; Atholl is the seat of this clan. Precedent notes:

Baron Bruce covered the issue of pretention in the form of "X of Y" in Scottish names. "We will continue to prohibit the use of a Scots clan name with the seat or territory of that clan (e.g. Cameron of Lochiel), or a surname with the phrase of that Ilk (or its functional equivalent, e.g. Macintosh of Macintosh). That usage, with or without the given name, is the title of the actual chief of the clan or his immediate kin; its use in the SCA represents a direct infringement on actual nobility, and also appears to be a claim to rank, either of which is grounds for return. But by and large, the use of a Scots surname with a Scots placename is acceptable for SCA use." (LoAR March 1993, p. 8) Based on that precedent, [MacLeod of Duirinish] is registrable. [Duncan MacLeod of Duirinish, January, 1994]

In addition, the patronymic byname uses the scribal abbreviation Mc. We do not register scribal abbreviations; by precedent, the abbreviation Mc in this position in a name is spelled out as Mac. We have changed the name to Allison MacMurrye in order to register it.

Blaxio Zen. Device. Sable, a pall voided Or between a peach tree argent fructed and two wyverns sejant respectant Or.

Blazoned on the LoI as Sable, a pall voided throughout between a peach tree argent fructed and two wyverns respectant Or, the presence of a color emblazon in OSCAR allowed most commenters to note the correct tincture of the pall. We note that there is no heraldic difference between a peach tree and an orange tree.

Ceinwen ferch Belyn. Reblazon of device. Per chevron gules and argent, three compass stars argent and a cat sejant sable.

Registered in September 1997 with the blazon Per chevron gules and argent, in chief three compass stars argent and a cat sejant sable, that blazon is ambiguous as to the placement of the cat. As the field is neutral, it could legitimately overlie the line of division. As there are two types of charges on either side of the line of division, this is a group of four co-primary charges rather than a primary charge and three secondary charges. If the cat did overlie the line of division, the original blazon would be correct and there would be a single primary charge and three secondary charges.

Cormac Kane. Name.

This name mixes Gaelic and English or Anglicized Gaelic; this is one step from period practice.

Henri de Valery sur Somme. Device. Per bend sinister azure and ermine, a Maltese cross counterchanged argent and azure.

The large number of ermine spots causes them to be drawn very small; however, as they are still identifiable as ermine spots this is registerable. Please advise the submitter to draw fewer and larger ermine spots.

Robin the Ruthless in Battel. Reblazon of device. Gules, a scorpion, within the curve of its tail a heart, and maintaining in each pincer a heart all Or.

This was registered in March 1998 with the blazon Gules, a scorpion tergiant, maintaining in each pincer a heart, and in base within the curve of its tail another heart, all Or; however, that blazon makes it appear that all of the hearts are maintained charges. While they are the same size, the heart in base is not touching the scorpion and is therefore a secondary charge rather than a maintained charge. A scorpion is tergiant by default.

Úna inghean Chonchobhair. Name and device. Or, a dragonfly purpure and on a bordure azure three triskeles Or.

Submitted as Úna inghean Conchobhair, Gaelic grammar requires that the first C in Conchobhair should be lenited. The letter C lenites when it is the first letter in a patronym as part of a feminine name. We have changed the name to Úna inghean Chonchobhair to correct the grammar.

- Explicit littera accipiendorum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN RETURNED FOR FURTHER WORK:

ÆTHELMEARC

Jakob Heckrath. Name.

The byname Heckrath was documented as an undated header form from Bahlow/Gentry, Dictionary of German Names. For undated header forms to be registerable, it must be demonstrated that they are consistent with period spellings. However, no dated examples of German placenames using the deuterotheme -rath were found. Barring documentation for this formation, this name is not registerable.

His device was registered under the holding name Jakob of Endless Hills.

Katarzina Pogonowska. Name.

No documentation was provided and none found demonstrating that the byname spelling is found in period. The earliest date found for the name was 1674, nearly 25 years after the gray area. Barring documentation for the byname Pogonowski or Pogonowska in period, or documentation for the underlying placename spelling, this byname is not registerable. Because we cannot register the byname, we are forced to return this name.

Her device was registered under the holding name Katarzina of Thescorre.

Katheryn M'Kethirryke. Device change. Per chevron azure and argent goutty de sang, two wolves combatant and a chief fleury argent.

This device is returned for a redraw of the line of division of the chief. A chief fleury is found in Brook-Little's An Heraldic Alphabet but there is no indication that it is a period depiction. We will grant the submitter the benefit of the doubt and allow the registration of a chief fleury; however, lacking evidence of its use in period heraldry, it is a step from period practice. This is returned for a redraw as the line of division was unrecognizable due to the "squashed" depiction of the demi-fleurs-de-lys. The correct depiction of a fleury line of division should be drawn with demi-fleurs-de-lys issuing from the line of division of the chief; a demi fleur-de-lys would show three petals tapering to a stalk, like the top half of a fleur-de-lys.

Morien MacBain. Badge. (Fieldless) Four arrows fretted in saltire, overall a sword palewise inverted argent.

This badge is returned for conflict with the badge for Ingilborg Sigmundardóttir, (Fieldless) A sheaf of a sword inverted between four arrows argent bound with a garter sable. There is a CD for fieldlessness, but the garter in Ingilborg's badge is equivalent to a maintained charge. The slight difference in the orientation of the arrows is also insufficient for a CD.

Viðarr Hrafnsson. Device. Argent, a raven displayed sable and on a chief azure an increscent between two triskelions of armored legs argent.

This device is returned for conflict with the device of Aleksandra Drakonova, Argent, an owl displayed sable, on a chief vert three decrescents argent. There is a CD for changing the tincture of the chief, but no difference is granted between an owl displayed and a raven displayed: neither bird is in the period posture for its kind, and the visual similarity here is too great to grant a CD. Nor is there a difference for the changes to the tertiary charges: only two of the three charges have been substantially changed (an increscent and a decrescent are both crescents), and only the orientation of one of the charges has changed (decrescent to increscent, the triskelions of armored legs do not have an orientation that can be meaningfully compared to a decrescent). We thus don't have the two tertiary changes necessary to garner the second CD.

This device does not conflict with the device of Thomas of Kent, Argent, a winged spear displayed sable and on a chief azure three decrescents argent. There is a substantial (X.2) difference between a raven displayed and a winged spear.

Please advise the submitter on resubmission that the legs should form less of a roundel.

AN TIR

Shannan O'Duncan. Device. Purpure, two rapiers in saltire Or and overall a mushroom argent.

This device is returned under section X.5 of the Rules for Submission: it is a visual conflict with the device for Deborah the Wanderer, Purpure, a mushroom argent. While technically clear under the provisions of X.1 as the rapiers are the primary charges, conflict under X.5 is solely based on the visual appearance. X.5 states "If the tinctures, shapes, or arrangement of the charges in a submission create an overwhelming visual resemblance to a piece of protected armory, the submission may be held to conflict even if sufficient theoretical difference can be counted between them." As the majority of the commenters noted, the overall charge largely obscures the rapiers and thus these two devices are not visually distinct. As there is an overwhelming visual resemblance between them, the submitted device is returned for this visual conflict.

ANSTEORRA

Ansteorra, Kingdom of. Badge for Arc d'Or of Ansteorra. Sable, on a fess argent between two bows fesswise Or, a mullet of five greater and five lesser points sable.

This badge was withdrawn by the submitter.

Carletta da Nicolosi. Badge. Gules, a trillium argent barbed vert seeded gules and a chief per fess nebuly sable and argent.

This badge is returned for visual conflict with the device for Balin Catherwood, Gules, a trillium blossom and on a chief invected argent, a label sable. While technically clear of Balin's device, the visual conflict exists. Section X.5 of the Rules for Submission includes:

Unusual cases may occur where contrast is weak and unusual arrangements of charges are employed, and in such circumstances the cumulative similarities between two pieces of armory may outweigh any specific differences. As an example, the cumulative effect of the similarities between Vert, ermined Or, on a mullet argent a lion rampant azure within a bordure embattled ermine and Vert, ermined Or, on an estoile argent a lion rampant azure within a bordure embattled erminois creates a strong possibility of confusion.

This is such an unusual case; given the depiction of Balin's device, there is a strong possibility of confusion between the Carletta's badge and Balin's device. Therefore, this badge must be returned.

Honour du Bois. Device. Vert, on an eagle argent a crescent inverted vert, a bordure argent.

This device is returned for conflict with the device for Shane Patrick, Vert, a wyvern displayed argent charged with a quatrefoil slipped vert, a bordure argent. While there is usually a substantial difference between a wyvern and an eagle, when a wyvern is displayed - which is a posture for which we have no period evidence - much of the visual distinction is lost. Therefore, there is but a significant difference (a CD) between an eagle displayed and a wyvern displayed. This is the only CD between the devices, as there is no difference granted for changing the type only of a tertiary charge when the primary charge has a complex outline.

If the submitter retains this general motif, she should be advised to draw the crescent significantly larger so that it is clearly present as a tertiary charge; there was some question whether the crescent in this submission was large enough to be visible (and to count for difference).

Kaitlyn McKenna. Badge. (Fieldless) A hand mirror Or.

This is a belated return of a badge that appeared on the December 2004 LoAR. This should have been listed as an administrative return for lack of payment and lack of forms.

ATENVELDT

Elias Loredan. Badge. (Fieldless) A horse rampant argent charged with a compass rose sable within and conjoined to a bordure embattled argent.

This badge was withdrawn by the submitter.

Fabio Ventura. Device change. Quarterly sable and azure, a skull argent.

This device is returned for conflict with the device for Stephan Totenkopf, Gules, a human skull argent pierced gules wearing a winged helmet, in its mouth a broken sword, all argent. There is a CD for changes to the field. The addition or removal of a hat is worth no difference: this is similar to the way we treat crowns. If evidence is found that period heralds considered that addition or removal of a hat to be a cadency step - or to represent different charges altogether - we will reconsider the issue of whether or not there is a CD for such hats. Nor is the fact the hat is, in this case, winged count for difference here: while the addition or removal of wings on a monster is a CD, the same is not true when dealing with a winged helmet as the wings are visually a much smaller proportion of the entire charge.

The submitted device does not conflict with the badge for Valentine Christian Warner, Purpure, a skull argent wearing a fool's cap per pale ermine and Or. There is a CD for changes to the field. In this case, the hat is half of the charge; therefore, there is a second CD for changing half the tincture of the primary charge. Nor does the submitted device conflict with the badge for Feliciano Grimaldi, (Fieldless) A skull argent, wearing a fool's hat with three tassels gules, erminois, and azure. There is a CD for adding the field and another for changing the tincture of half the primary charge.

The submitter has permission to conflict with Achbar ibn Ali, (Fieldless) A skull argent, within the dexter eye socket a rose gules.

Galen McKintoch. Device. Sable, a bend abased Or fimbriated vert, in sinister chief a wing bendwise inverted terminating in a hand sustaining a sword bendwise argent.

This is returned for administrative reasons: the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the emblazon received by Laurel. The vert portion on either side of the bend differed significantly in width between the two emblazons. On resubmission we recommend drawing the wing smaller so that the bend need not be abased. The Rules for Submission section VIII.3 states that "Voiding and fimbriation may only be used with simple geometric charges placed in the center of the design." Prior rulings have disallowed fimbriation of bends abased or enhanced. We leave open the question of whether or not a bend fimbriated can be blazoned as on a bend a bendlet in order to register the same design. If this is resubmitted with a bend abased, the submitter should be prepared to argue why a bend abased charged with a bendlet should be allowed.

If the submitter wishes a wing and sword in this arrangement (more or less), he would do better to forego the wing terminating in a hand. That arrangement almost invariably has the wing in its normal posture, with the sword fesswise reversed above it. Putting that motif bendwise inverted, as in this submission, makes it harder to identify. A better choice would be issuant from a sinister wing a hand sustaining a sword bendwise: a displayed sinister wing, with a hand coming out of the lower end to hold the sword. See the August 2005 Cover Letter for examples and further explanation.

Pelagius Marius Calvus. Name and device. Per chevron inverted gules and azure, a Latin cross formy argent.

This name has the structure of a classic Roman tria nomina, but the name Pelagius is not a documented praenomen. We would drop this element, but the submitter will not allow major changes. For the same reason, we are unable to rearrange the elements to Marius Pelagius Calvus to represent a name of the form nomen + cognomen + agnomen. Therefore, we are forced to return this submission.

The submitter requested an authentic Roman name. Roman names have several possible forms, depending on the period in which they are found. If the submitter is interested in a classic tria nomina, then true praenomen is required. Metron Ariston explains:

While Marius is a well-documented Roman nomen (whose most notable bearer was probably the general and consul who held sway at Rome from around 107 B.C. on) and Calvus a familiar cognomen as in the name of Gaius Licinius Macer Calvus, the friend of Catullus, the Pelagian element is problematic. In origin it is not Latin but Greek and, as far as I can tell, was never used as a praenomen nor a cognomen in ordinary Latin circles. The name Pelagius was borne, probably in the same manner as common geographical or ethnic adjectives used for slaves and foreigners. (Pelagius is the Latin transliteration of the Greek name [Greek] which means "of the sea". It was apparently borne by the British monk who was a contemporary of Augustine, but it is somewhat doubtful that it was his birth name and may have been applied to him because of his origins. In any case, if he really wants a name authentic for "Roman", I would strongly suggest he either use a documented praenomen (Publius leaps to mind as one that would be quite similar in sound)

If the submitter is interested in a Roman name after 250 AD (or so), Loyall has these suggestions:

Academy of Saint Gabriel Report 2206 says:

Early in the third century the praenomen fell out of use in Rome and the traditional tria nomina was supplanted (at least among the nobility) by a new system of nomen, cognomen, and agnomen. By your date of 250 CE most men had names composed of a nomen and one or more cognomina.

Thus, this name could be given a structure authentic for a later Imperial Roman name if we switched the order, making Marius (a nomen) the first element.

This device is returned for conflict with the badge for the Order of Dannebrog (important non-SCA badge), (Fieldless) A cross formy argent fimbriated gules. There is a CD for adding the field but nothing for removing the fimbriation or extending the lower limb of the cross. The submitted device also conflicts with the device for Seth Williamson of Exeter, Lozengy purpure and Or, a cross formy fitchy argent. There is a CD for changes to the field but nothing for the changes to the lower limb of the cross.

ATLANTIA

Cnes ingen Conchobuir. Name.

The given name was submitted in a Middle or Old Irish form, but the only example we have found of the name Cnes is of an early 6th century mother of a saint. During the 6th century, the language in use in Ireland was Oghamic Irish; Cnes is an Old Irish spelling (appropriate for c. 700 to c. 900). We have no evidence that the name continued into use into the period when an Old Irish spelling in appropriate. Current precedent does not allow registration of Irish names in orthographies that are not appropriate to the times in which they are found:

No examples of the spelling Muireann have been found dating from 1200-1600. Although this is the expected spelling for this period (given the rules of Gaelic spelling), we cannot register this spelling without a reason to believe it was actually used during this period... Since no additional evidence for its use in Early Modern Gaelic has been found, the Early Modern Gaelic spelling Muireann is still not registerable. [05/2005]

The name would be registerable in an Oghamic Irish form, but we have no information about what that form would be. Given this, the name Cnes is not registerable, and so we are forced to return this name.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Colene of Black Diamond.

CAID

Angels, Barony of the. Badge for Order of the Seraph. Gules, on a pall between three vols wingtips outward Or two swords and an arrow points outward gules.

This badge is returned for a redraw of the pall: the upper arms of the pall should issue from the upper corners of the shield. In commentary on this issue Crescent noted:

I suspect this was because this was originally drawn on a round emblazon shape (and will probably be used on round medallions). As such, equal 120 degree angles all around work the best. If this were drawn with a proper pall, the chiefmost angle would be approximately 90 degrees with the dexter and sinister angles approximately 135 degrees. This would ruin the radial symmetry.

While the submitted emblazon is appropriate for a display on a roundel, it is not appropriate for a square. The submitters are welcome to display this badge on a roundel (or medallion) with equal angles, but for submission purposes it must be drawn appropriately for the shape of the display: issuant from the upper corners.

Blazoned on the LoI as Gules, on a pall between three vols wingtips outward Or two swords and an arrow points outward Or, there was a color emblazon in OSCAR so commenters were able to note the correct tincture of the tertiary charges.

CALONTIR

Cordeilla uxor Alexander. Device. Checky argent and gules, a fork and spoon in saltire sable and in chief a cauldron Or.

This device is returned for lack of documentation: the fork appears to be a form found only post-period. Sara Paston-Williams, in The Art of Dining: A History of Cooking and Eating (The National Trust, 1993), describes (pp. 188-189) the introduction of the eating fork into England in 1611. (It had been in use in Italy for some decades before that; it was essentially a smaller version of the carving fork, which was well in use by the end of period.) Such forks "were made with long, two-pronged hafts fitted into decorative handles of enamelled silver or carved ivory, to match the knives." And later on, the author notes (pp. 250-251) "the fork started the [18th] century as two-pronged, but soon acquired its third prong." Which means three-pronged table forks are about a hundred years out of our period. Unless documentation is found for a three-pronged fork in period, such forks may not be registered.

DRACHENWALD

Drachenwald, Kingdom of. Order name Order of the Beacon Fire.

This name does not follow patterns of period order names. The argument given for this name is that a beacon fire is the fire in a beacon. However, the Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. beacon, defines the word "beacon" as "A fire, of wood, pitch, or other material, lighted on an eminence and serving as a signal". This usage is dated to 1377; the usage of beacon as a signal tower is not dated until 1611. Given this, there is no evidence that the term beacon fire would have been a meaningful English construction during our period. When naming an order for a heraldic badge, the burden of proof is two-fold. First, the name elements must be shown exist and to be meaningful in period, and second, it must be shown that the descriptive name elements are an appropriate descriptive term for a heraldic object in period. Because beacon fire is not a meaningful English construct in period, it is not registerable as an order name.

EAST

Siobhán inghean Eoin. Name.

The name is an aural conflict with Siobhán inghean Eoghain, registered October 2006. The given names and patronymic particles are identical, and there is insufficient difference in sound between Eoin and Eoghain.

GLEANN ABHANN

Kenneth Frazer. Name.

Conflict with Kenneth Fraser, registered February 2001. The names are identical in sound and differ in appearance by only a single letter.

LAUREL

None.

MERIDIES

Faolán Ó Manacháin. Device. Sable, a chevron throughout and in base a lozenge Or.

This badge is returned for conflict with the badge of Marie du Bois, Sable, a chevron throughout and in base a tree couped Or, which is reblazoned elsewhere on this letter. There is a single CD for changing the type of the secondary charge from a tree to a lozenge.

NORTHSHIELD

Iohanna Carracci. Device. Per saltire gules and azure, in chief a demi-sun issuant from the line of division Or.

This device is returned for conflict with the badge for Tournaments Illuminated, reblazoned elsewhere on this letter as Per saltire gules and azure, in pale two demi-suns issuant from the line of division and in fess two spears issuant from the flanks, points conjoined Or, which is registered to the Society for Creative Anachronism, Chronicler's Office. There is a single CD for changing the number of primary charges.

OUTLANDS

Conall MacNachtan. Name and device. Per pale sable and argent, three bees counterchanged.

This name conflicts with Connall MacNaughten, registered August 1983. The names are identical in sound and nearly identical in appearance.

This device is returned for administrative reasons: the submission was on a non-approved form. The escutcheon had been modified from the approved heater shape.

Dearbháil inghean Léoid. Device. Argent, a pile sable between two valknuts purpure.

This device is returned for a redraw of the valknuts. For purposes of SCA heraldry, a valknut is three voided triangles interlaced. The triangles in the submitted emblazon are not voided, nor are they really interlaced. There is a single triangular void in the center of each valknut, but that is the only place that the field shows; the field should be seen between sections of the interlaced triangles.

Outlands, Kingdom of the. Heraldic title Castle Herald.

This name is in conflict with the important non-SCA placename Castile. They differ in sound by a single vowel sound, and in appearance by a single letter.

SIREN

None.

WEST

None.

- Explicit littera renuntiationum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN PENDED UNTIL THE September 2008 LAUREL MEETING (OR AS NOTED):

NORTHSHIELD

Alyna of Pinehyll. Device. Per chevron argent and vert, four pine trees in fess and a squirrel maintaining a pine cone, stem to base, counterchanged.

This device was blazoned on the LoI as Per chevron argent and vert, a squirrel grasping a pine cone argent and in chief four pine trees erased vert, which implied that the pine trees were secondary charges. The trees are of a size to be secondary charges on plain field; however, where there are two types of charges on either side of a line of division, as in this case, the charges must be considered co-primary charges. This is pended to allow conflict checking with a set of co-primary charges rather than a primary charge with secondary charges.

This was item 2 on the Northshield letter of September 27, 2007.

Ia ingen Áeda. Device. Per chevron gules and argent, in chevron three mullets of six points argent and a quatrefoil gules.

This device was blazoned on the LoI as Per chevron gules and argent, a quatrefoil gules and in chevron three mullets of six points argent. As two types of charges lying on either side of a line of division, this is four co-primary charges, not a primary and three secondary charges. Wreath made a request early in the commenting period that this be checked as four co-primary charges. Unfortunately, only one commenter noted that they made that check; based on the responses of other commenters it must be assumed that they did not make the requested conflict check. Thus this is pended so that it can be conflict checked as four co-primary charges.

It's unfortunate that the advice given in the LoAR at the time of her previous return was in error. There's no way this design can have the quatrefoil the sole primary without having it overlie the line of division, no matter how large she draws it. (And having her draw it so much larger than the mullets was a disservice, since it blurs the distinction between primaries and secondaries.) We will not return it for that reason, since the submitter is following the advice in the LoAR, but we do want to make clear what the correct depiction should be.

This was item 7 on the Northshield letter of September 27, 2007.

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