THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN REGISTERED:

ÆTHELMEARC

Myrkfaelinn, Dominion of. Reblazon of device. Sable, a candle argent enflamed Or within a laurel wreath vert.

Blazoned when registered in December 1975 as Sable, a candle enflamed and environed of a laurel wreath proper, we are clarifying the tinctures. Since candles can be of any tincture, we are unable to define proper for them.

AN TIR

Aline Blakwode. Device. Argent, a cross of four lozenges vert.

She has permission to conflict with the device of Ealhswith of Evesham, Argent, four lozenges in cross purpure.

Althaia filia Lazari. Device. Azure, a kingfisher rising argent within a torse wreathed argent and sable.

This device is clear of Rorik Fredericsson, Azure, a grey goose volant bendwise wings addorsed proper gorged of a coronet Or. Based on the November 2003 Cover Letter ruling on birds and substantial difference, the kingfisher falls in the "regular-shaped birds" category and geese fall within the "swan-shaped birds" category. Since there is substantial difference between these bird types, these devices are clear by X.2. If we count CDs, there is one of the change of type of bird and another for the addition of the torse.

An Tir, Kingdom of. Order name Order of the Shattered Spear.

As the Order of the Shattered Shield is already registered to the kingdom, the construction Order of the Shattered X, where X is a tool of attack or defense, is grandfathered to them.

An Tir, Kingdom of. Badge for Hunt Guild of An Tir. (Fieldless) A hunting horn sable, stringed Or.

Hunt Guild of An Tir is a generic designator.

An Tir, Kingdom of. Release of heraldic title Vox Leonis Herald.

Caemgen mac Garbith. Name and device. Vert, a leonine sagittary passant Or and a chief potenty Or semy-de-lys azure.

Caemgen is the Old and Middle Irish form of a name of which the only examples in Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals", are from the Oghamic Irish era. There was some question whether Caemgen was registerable, given that precedent says:

The given name was submitted in a Middle or Old Irish form, but the only example we have found of the name Cnes is of an early 6th century mother of a saint. During the 6th century, the language in use in Ireland was Oghamic Irish; Cnes is an Old Irish spelling (appropriate for c. 700 to c. 900). We have no evidence that the name continued into use into the period when an Old Irish spelling in appropriate. Current precedent does not allow registration of Irish names in orthographies that are not appropriate to the times in which they are found. [LoAR 01/2008]

In the case of Caemgen, Ó Corráin & Maguire, Irish Names, s.n. Cáemgen note that "the principal bearer of this name was St Cáemgen (Kevin), abbot and founder of Glendalough, whose feast-day is 3 June. There is another saint of the name whose feast-day is 11 May." Precedent from the September 2001 Cover Letter concerning the use of saint's names says "given names which can be documented as the given name of a saint may be registered as a given name. The use of a name documented as a saint's name carries no weirdness in and of itself. The only weirdnesses that derive from using that name come from the lingual mix of the submitted form of the saint's name with the rest of the submitted name." The idea behind this is that names of saints can be assumed to have remained familiar and known to the culture venerating the saint throughout our period, meaning that the saint's name is, potentially, available in that culture's name pool. This means that the Old or Middle Irish form Caemgen is registerable, despite the fact that we have no examples of real people using this name in the Old or Middle Irish era.

Eawyn rindill. Device. Gules, a swan argent and on a point pointed Or a triskele sable.

The LoI failed to mention the tincture of the point pointed. As a color emblazon was posted, the commenters were able to conflict check using the correct tincture and this need not be pended for further conflict checking.

Elewys Cuylter of Finchingefeld. Device. Per bend sinister vert and lozengy vert and argent, in chief a pair of shears fesswise reversed argent.

Elizabeth de Summerlege. Name and device. Purpure, on a bend between two quatrefoils argent three crescents palewise sable.

This device is clear of Caitlin Ruadh, Purpure, on a bend argent three decrescents palewise gules. There is a CD for the addition of the secondary quatrefoils and a CD under X.4.j.i for the change from decrescents gules to crescents sable.

Nice armory!

Heinrich von Arenberg. Name.

Kate the Candelmaker. Name and device. Per bend gules and azure, a lit candle in a candlestick and a standing balance Or.

There was some question of whether this design violates our ban on so-called "slot machine" designs, having three types of charge in a single group. Like a bow and arrow, the candle and candlestick have independent heraldic existence but, when placed together in their expected arrangement for use, are considered a single design element and count as a single charge for purposes of the complexity rule. This device is, therefore, registerable.

Magdelena von Freiberg. Name and device. Per chevron azure and sable, a chevron argent between two bezants and a tree blasted and eradicated Or.

Tifanie de la Mare. Name and device. Per pale azure and argent, a sea-wolf counterchanged.

Tita the Wanderer. Device. Azure, two dances argent between three daisies proper.

William Mor. Name and device. Per pale azure and argent, an eagle between three mullets all within an orle counterchanged.

Wilrich von Hessen. Household name Fraternitas domus Sancti Jacobi Germanorum Acconensis.

Submitted as Fraternitas domus Sancti Jacobi Germanorum Acconis, the submitter requested authenticity for a 12th C German crusader company. We would like to commend the submitter on his research, the result of which is that he probably knows more about 12th C German crusader company names than Pelican does. Part of the submitter's documentation included a 1227 reference describing the Teutonic Knights as religiose fraternitatis hospitalis sancte Marie Theotonicorum Ierosolimitani 'of the religious brotherhood of the Jerusalemish hospital of Saint Mary of the Teutonics'. The submitted name is patterned on this description, substituting domus 'house' for hospitale 'hospital, guest house', and changing the city, the saint, and the ethnic designator. However, the substitution of Acconis for Ierosolimitani does not follow the grammar of the 1227 reference. Ierosolimitani is not the genitive form of Jerusalem, but rather an ethnic adjective modifying hospitalis. To follow this pattern, Acconis 'of Acre' should in fact be an ethnic adjective modifying domus. Metron Ariston provides information on what the correct form of that is:

The answer, of course, is in the Historia Rerum in Partibus Transmarinis Gestarum of William of Tyre. Conveniently, in the first chapter of Book XXIII of that work, William says "ab urbe discesserant Acconensi" (http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/williamtyre/23.html). Since this adjective follows the third declension pattern, the feminine genitive singular would be Acconensis.

We have changed the name to Fraternitas domus Sancti Jacobi Germanorum Acconensis to correct the grammar. We cannot confirm that this household name is authentic for the 12th century, but given the 1227 reference quoted above, the submitted name appears to be plausible for the early 13th C.

In this submission, both Fraternitas 'brotherhood' and domus 'house' could be considered as designators, for the purposes of RfS III.2.b. Past precedent has ruled that non-personal names cannot have two designators, barring documentation for such use:

[Companionate of the Pilgrims of Compostela]. This is being returned for non-period style. Taking this at face value, "Companionate" is the designator and "Pilgrims of Compostela" is the substantive portion of the name. This pattern follows no know [sic] period exemplars. If we regard both "Companionate" and "Pilgrims" to be designators then there is the problem of using two designators (a possibility which the RfS don't seem to take into account, and which at the least requires some justification). [LoAR 10/1997, Meridies-R]

[Chateau de Normandy, Shire of] This is being returned for several reasons. First, this combines two designators, Shire and Chateau. Barring documentation of such a combination, it must be returned. [LoAR 04/1998, Meridies-R]

In the 1227 citation, both fraternitas and hospitale could be considered designators. Since the submitted name is patterned on a period description, this gives sufficient documentation for the registration of this household name with two designators.

ANSTEORRA

Albin Oil de Larrun. Name.

Cassandra de Salesberie. Name.

Elec inghean Sheáin. Name and device. Purpure, on a chevron inverted Or five golpes and in chief two bezants.

Submitted as Elec inghean Seáin, Gaelic grammar requires that the patronym be lenited to Sheáin. We have changed the name to Elec inghean Sheáin to correct the grammar so that it can be registered.

Nice 15th C Irish name!

Please instruct the submitter to draw the bezants larger, to better fill the available space.

Juliana Hughes. Name.

Both elements of the name were documented from English contexts, but the submitter requested authenticity for Welsh/Scottish, any period. Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn, "Women's Names in the First Half of 16th Century Wales" cites five instances of Juliana being used by Welsh women in the 16th C, and she also cites the bynames Hugh and Hewes. On the basis of this, Juliana Hughes is a plausible name for a 16th C Welsh woman. Talan Gwynek, "A List of Feminine Personal Names Found in Scottish Records", dates Julian to c. 1288. Black, The Surnames of Scotland, s.n. Hughes says that the name is 'not very common' and gives a cross-reference to the header Hugh, which cites Hve de Sempring from the reign of David I (1124-1153). For an authentic Scottish form of this name, the submitter might consider Julian Hve.

Sigmund the Wingfooted. Reblazon of device. Azure, a sinister wing issuant from the calf of a boot between two scarpes argent.

Reblazoned in June 1981, via Ansteorra, as Azure, a winged boot couped between two scarpes argent, the wing is much more prominent than the boot.

Viviana Ammary Rowntree. Device. Purpure, a tree blasted and eradicated argent within a bordure argent semy of lotus blossoms in profile purpure.

ATENVELDT

Christiane Dax. Badge. (Fieldless) A shakefork gules surmounted by a death's head sable.

Gepa of Sundragon. Badge. Sable, four billets fesswise two and two, a sinister canton Or.

Jean Michel of Tir Ysgithr. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Azure, in bend a hawk rising contourny Or sustaining a trident bendwise sinister argent.

Submitted under the name Jean Michel du Tonnay.

Josep de Ackelane. Name and device. Argent, a chevron azure between three acorns slipped and leaved proper.

The primary name on the device form does not match the name under which this was submitted. We remind submissions heralds that, if the name is changed at kingdom, all the forms, including the armory forms, should have a thin line drawn through the original version of the name, and the new name written in the available space. Incomplete or incorrect paperwork may be grounds for administrative return.

Kelli of Tir Ysgithr. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Purpure, on a chevron argent three mullets of eight points azure.

Submitted under the name Ainaiyra al-Rashna.

Marina de Medina. Name and device. Erminois, a demi-lion gules.

Nice 15th C Spanish name!

Nice armory!

Please inform the submitter that the ermine spots should be slightly larger.

Mateo Dominguez. Device. Per pale sable and gules, a chevron between two griffins combatant and a Latin cross formy Or.

The color emblazon uploaded to OSCAR was computer colorized. Submissions heralds are reminded that this practice will no longer be permitted as of the March 2009 decision meetings.

Melissa of Atenveldt. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Argent, a Gorgon's head cabossed proper crined with serpents vert and a bordure embattled sable.

Submitted under the name Melissa of Monster Hall.

When registering the device of Jose Leodefrediz in March 2008, it was ruled:

At this time we are ruling that in the case of humans proper relying on the hair and clothing to prevent a contrast problem is acceptable. If you have to specify the hair style or style of clothing to guarantee identifiability of the charge, then a contrast problem will exist. If you simply say "crined and vested", and the result is little or no skin touching the field, then a contrast problem doesn't exist (assuming the human can still be identified). This applies only to humans proper, not humans argent.

The Gorgon's head is considered a human head, so this precedent applies and this device is registerable.

Richard Attekirck the Rabbit. Name and device. Per bend sinister gules and azure, a rabbit courant and two swords in saltire argent.

There was some question whether the byname the Rabbit was registerable given that the earliest example of the spelling rabbit in the Oxford English Dictionary s.v. rabbit is from 1696. The spelling rabbyts appears in 1471 in the same entry. Given that the <i/y> switch is standard in Middle English, rabbit is a plausible period spelling of the word.

Rowland Tode. Name and device (see PENDS for household name). Argent, a chevron azure between two wooden wagon wheels proper and a toad vert.

Nice 16th C English name!

This device does not conflict with the device of Cáelfind ingen Chathassaig, Argent, a chevron azure between two brown snails proper and a wyvern passant vert. There is a CD for the change of type of the secondary charges (from snails-and-wyvern to wheels-and-toad), and a CD for the change of only the posture of the charge in base, from tergiant to passant.

Seán an Gleanna. Device. Argent, three martlets gules, on a chief sable a claymore bendwise sinister inverted proper.

ATLANTIA

Alric Berard. Name and device. Per bend sinister purpure and argent, a wolf rampant to sinister argent and a bear passant gules.

Bell Phoebe de Givet. Badge. (Fieldless) A demi-bear azure crowned with a pearled coronet gules.

The submitter is a court baroness and is thus entitled to display a coronet on her arms.

Bika Janus. Name and device. Per pale argent and vert, a bull passant and a chief invected counterchanged.

Brun Corbin. Name and device. Gules, on a fess Or between three trees blasted argent three ravens rising gules.

Catalina dell'Acqua. Device change. Argent, on a bend vert between two mullets of four points azure three fountains palewise.

Her previous device, Vert, three rapiers inverted in pile on a chief wavy argent three gouttes de larmes, is released.

Catalina dell'Acqua. Badge. (Fieldless) On a goutte d'eau a mullet of four points azure.

Christofre de Clyn. Name and device. Vert semy of sheep statant contourny argent.

Demetria Kupria. Name.

Submitted as Demetria of Cyprus, Cyprus is an English name of the Greek island Kupros. Demetria was documented as a Greek name, and Greek/English combinations were ruled unregisterable on the January 2003 LoAR (v. Diana Spartene).

There was some question whether of Cyprus would be registerable with a Greek given name under the lingua anglica allowance. The byname of Cyprus would only be registerable via the lingua anglica allowance if a byname meaning 'of Cyprus' in Greek was documented. No such documentation was provided on the LoI. It is questionable whether such documentation could be provided. Academy of S. Gabriel Report #2362 says:

The phrase <apo Korinthos>, "from Corinth", is not quite correct: <apó> takes the genitive (possessive) case, so the grammatically correct form would be <apó Korínthou>. More importantly, while <apó> can be used to refer to a person's place of birth, we aren't sure that a byname meaning "[person] from Corinth" would take this form. An adjectival form, such as <Korínthia>, "Corinthian, of Corinth" or a noun, such as <hê Korinthiás>, "the Corinthian [woman]" is probably more appropriate than a prepositional phrase.

The usual Greek adjective meaning "Cypriot" is Kuprios; the expected feminine form is Kupria. The nominal form of this, meaning "the Cypriot [woman]", is hê Kupria. We have changed the name to Demetria Kupria in order to register it; if the submitter prefers Demetria hê Kupria, this variant is also registerable.

Edward Bonagarde. Name and device. Per bend sinister argent and azure, on a bend sinister sable between a dragon couchant contourny azure and an ankh, a sword argent.

Elena Modarova vnuka. Device. Azure fretty, flaunches argent.

This device is clear of the device of Alethea Eastriding Azure, a fret within an orle argent. There is a CD for the change in type from orle to flaunches and a CD for the change in number from one to two. While flaunches are always seen paired, there are still two of them.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the fretty with about half as many laths.

Emelina Dragheswerd. Name.

Etain of Sutherland. Device. Gules, a compass rose and on a chief nebuly Or two ravens sable.

Friderich Weber. Badge. Per bend sinister sable and argent, on a roundel a rose slipped and leaved bendwise inverted, all counterchanged.

Gísli Óttarsson. Name and device. Per fess sable and azure, a wolf's head cabossed and a drakkar argent.

Griffin Warwick. Device. Per chevron argent and quarterly sable and gules, two Continental panthers combatant sable incensed gules and a wolf's head cabossed argent.

Hadrardus Blach. Name.

This name combines Latinized Old French and Conquest-era English, which is one step from period practice.

Hróðný R{o,}gnvaldsdóttir. Badge. (Fieldless) A penguin statant proper wearing a spangenhelm argent strapped Or sustaining a spear argent headed Or.

The use of a penguin is a step from period practice.

Humfrey Matthew Lovett. Device change. Per fess gules and azure, three seadogs rampant Or.

Nice device!

Artists should note that sea-dogs are not the usual sea-monster with a fish's tail for their lower half, but quadrupeds with fins instead of feet, among other details.

His old device, Per fess gules and azure, three fish-tailed demi-dogs Or, is released.

Humfrey Matthew Lovett. Badge. Per pale azure and gules, a sword between in chief two phoenixes argent.

This badge is clear of the device of Jacques de Paris, Per pale gules and azure, a sword palewise between two falcons close respectant, inner wings displayed argent. There is a CD for the field, a CD for the unforced move of the phoenixes to chief, and a CD for the difference between phoenixes, which are monsters, and falcons, which are birds.

Ilbert Mornunwech. Name and device. Per bend sinister wavy azure and argent, a turtle argent and an hourglass gules.

This name combines English and German, which is a step from period practice.

Irmgard Hasenschlaf. Name and device. Azure, a brown demi-hare proper.

Nice 15th-16th C German name!

The submitter offered documentation for a regional style exception for the use of a brown beast on an azure field. All of the submitter's examples were from Siebmacher's Wappenbuch von 1605.

Of the three examples cited by the submitter, one definitely does not support the use of a brown animal on an azure field: the squirrel of die Wiesener is very clearly on a vert field. The other examples are similarly problematic: the deer of Zirenberg does appear to be brown, but the rabbit of die Hasen appears to be Or. Without actual blazons, we are not willing to make the evaluation of whether or not these creatures are actually brown.

We checked for blazons of these coats in Rietstap and were unable to find any variant of either die Hasen or Zirenberg which matched the emblazons. On the top center of plate 68, (the one with "Die Hasen"), we find the arms of "Die Otterwolf", which is blazoned in Rietstap as D'azure, à une ramure de cerf au naturel, which is Azure, a stag's attires proper. The 'proper' attires match the tincture of die Hasen's rabbit.

Commenters provided another example:

Siebmacher. Plate 109, Column 2, Row 1, Von Geilsdorf. Rietstap blazons those arms as Parti: Au 1, de geueles, à la fasce d'argent; au 2, d'azure, à un loup rampant ravissant un agneau, le tout au naturel, soutenu d'une terrasse d'argent. Casque couronné. We would blazon this as Per pale gules a fess argent and azure a wolf rampant proper standing on a base argent maintaining in its mouth a lamb proper, which shows that the wolf is not Or, since it is blazoned as 'proper'.

To summarize: we have two definite examples of complex charges which appear brown in nature, blazoned as 'proper', on azure fields (von Gelisdorf and die Otterwolf). We have a creature which appears brown in nature, blazoned as 'proper', on a vert field (die Weisener). We have one example which appears to be a brown creature on an azure field, but we can't find a blazon to confirm the colors (die Zirenberg). We have one example which appears to be an Or creature on an azure field for which we can't find a blazon, but which matches the 'proper' of another piece of armory on the same page (die Hasen).

Based on the four apparent examples of brown 'proper' complex charges on azure fields, and one example of a brown proper creature on a vert field, we are accepting this regional style exception.

Isolda de Crosthwaite. Device. Argent vêtu invected vert, an eagle sable between in pale two triskeles azure.

There were some questions of whether vêtu invected is a doubly-complex line of division, which we do not register. Vêtu, which is indistinguishable from a lozenge throughout, appears to be a field division. Evidence that it is a field division is that we register vêtu ployé, which would also be a doubly-complex line of division. Therefore, this design does not violate our ban on doubly-complex lines of division.

Karl Frank. Name.

Kateryne Ferneley. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Lucia Velasquez de Trujillo. Device change. Per pale vert and sable, a goat clymant argent charged on the shoulder with a crescent sable.

Her previous device, Per pale gules and sable, a goat rampant reguardant between six trefoils, two, two, and two, argent, is released.

Lynet Semere. Name and device. Or, a peacock in its pride proper and in base two needles inverted in saltire purpure.

Submitted as Lynnette Semere, the LoI documented Lynnette from Withycombe, Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names, s.n. Linnet, which says that Linnet or Lynnette is "the medieval French form of Welsh Eluned." Unfortunately, this appears to be a case where Withycombe is in error. The Welsh name Eluned appears in the Welsh tale "Owain, or the Lady of the Fountain", which is related to Chretien de Troyes's "Yvain, or the Knight with the Lion", although according to Sarah Burn in "Critical analysis: Arthurian legend as seen from differing perspectives" (http://www.helium.com/items/366072-critical-analysis-arthurian-legend-as-seen-from-differing-perspectives), "Determining the exact relationship between 'Yvain (the Knight with the lion)' and 'The Lady of the Fountain' continues to present scholars with some difficulty". Chretien's work is available at http://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Yvain_ou_le_Chevalier_au_Lion, and here the damsel's name is given as Lunete, not Lyn(n)ette. Tennyson's "Gareth and Lynette", which Withycombe cites for the recent familiarity of the name, is based on Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur. The Caxton edition of Malory, available at http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=cme;idno=MaloryWks2, calls the lady damoysel Lynet. None of these examples support Lynnette as a period name, literary or otherwise. Both Lunete and Lynet are registerable under the literary names allowance, because both "Yvain" and Le Morte d'Arthur were important, well-known pieces of literature. As the submitter indicated that she cares most about the sound of the name, we have changed the name to Lynet_ Semere in order to register it, as Lynet is closer in sound to the originally submitted Lynnette than Lunete is.

Marcellus Capoziello da Napoli. Badge. (Fieldless) A demi-bear contourny Or gorged of a pearled coronet gules.

The submitter is a court baron and thus entitled to display a pearled coronet.

Margarethe Mandler. Name and device. Per bend sinister azure and vert all bezanty, on a bend sinister argent a goat clymant to sinister palewise sable.

The submitter requested authenticity for 15th-16th C German, but no documentation was provided on the LoI for the form Margarethe. The LoI cited the spellings Margaretha, Margrete, Margareta, Margrete, and Margrede from Socin, Mittelhochdeutsches Namenbuch, p. 91, but gave no dates for any of these, so they do not demonstrate that Margarethe is a period spelling, much less one appropriate for the submitter's desired time period.

Wreath Emeritus provides an early 15th C citation for Margarethe:

Talan Gwynek, "Medieval German Given Names from Silesia" (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/bahlow_v.htm) cites "Margarethe: 1385, 1419".

This shows that, as submitted, the name is authentic for the early 15th century; for the later 15th century or the 16th century, we recommend the form Margareth, which occurs 55 times in Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "German Names from 1495", and 3 times in Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "German Names from Nürnberg, 1497".

Marina Caminante. Device. Azure, two minks combatant and on a chief indented argent, a rapier fesswise reversed sable.

Matheu Herrero de Cádiz. Name and device. Gules, two bull-headed nude men respectant genuant and on a chief embattled Or a crescent sable.

Tempting though it is to blazon these as minotaurs, they don't fit the medieval definition of the term. They do fit the Classical Greek definition, as seen on ancient pottery, but by medieval times, the Minotaur was more frequently depicted as a bull's body with a human torso, often with long bull's horns issuant from the man's head.

The posture genuant is taken from Parker, page 285, and has been used in the past to blazon human figures kneeling on one knee as these are.

Michael of Black Diamond. Name and device. Per fess sable and Or, a lozenge counterchanged and in base an anvil sable.

Black Diamond is the registered name of an SCA branch.

Michel von Schönsee. Badge change. Azure, a Greek sphinx sejant wearing a Phrygian cap argent.

A Greek sphinx is the preferred term for a gynosphinx.

This badge is clear of the device of Leonessa des Belles Fleures, Azure a winged lion sejant Or, beneath the forepaws two garden roses argent, stalked and leaved proper. There are CDs for both the change of tincture of the primary charge and for the change of type of the primary charge. Both winged lions and sphinxes are period charges and we have no evidence that period heralds considered them to be interchangable charges. Therefore, there is at least significant difference granted between the two.

His old badge, Per bend sinister vert and sable, a duck naiant to sinister and a turtle fesswise contourny Or, is released.

Od Þorgestsson Skallagrímssonar. Device. Azure, a gurges argent within a bordure Or.

Pierre Xavier de Lyon. Device. Vert, a monkey sejant erect affronty collared and chained and on a chief embattled argent an anvil reversed sable.

Rónán Ó Gobhann. Name and device. Gules, a padlock and a chief argent.

This name combines Middle Irish with Early Modern Irish; this is one step from period practice.

Rumann mac Duib Sidhe. Device. Per bend sinister argent and azure, a bend sinister counterchanged between a hawk's head erased sable and an increscent argent.

Safiya bint Hakim al-Khwarizmi. Name and badge. Vert, an astrolabe Or between four compass stars two and two argent.

The use of a compass star is a step from period practice.

Salomea Lochnerin. Name and device. Gules, on a pile bendwise inverted throughout argent a horse rampant sable.

Nice 15th C German name!

Sena Strozzi. Name.

Taban Unegen. Name and device. Per pale sable and azure, a plate between six ermine tails in annulo argent.

Tristan Arthur. Name and device. Azure, a bear rampant between four anchors two and two Or.

Vladimir Krisa Tirgovishtets. Device. Quarterly sable and azure, two rats passant counter-passant argent.

William de Mont d'Or. Name.

Ysabella Cacemoine. Name and device. Per fess wavy vert and azure, three escallops inverted and an otter sejant erect argent.

As documented, this name combines Italian and English, which is a step from period practice.

Ysabella Cacemoine. Badge. (Fieldless) On an otter sejant erect argent an escallop inverted azure.

CAID

Angels, Barony of the. Badge (see RETURNS for other items). (Fieldless) A drawn bow gules with an arrow nocked Or.

This badge was intended to be associated with the guild name Company of the Archangels. Since the name was returned, we are unable to make this association.

Anne of Calafia. Holding name and device. Per bend sinister argent and azure, a snail bendwise sinister contourny Or shelled vert.

Submitted under the name Anne Ouy de York, that name was returned on the December 2008 LoAR.

Anneis Sanguine. Name.

Arabella Gotokirke. Device. Quarterly purpure and sable, on an elephant statant contourny argent an escallop purpure.

Arinbj{o,}rn Asbrandarson. Name.

There was some question whether the corrective genitive of Asbrandr is Asbrandar or Asbrands. According to Zoëga, A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, s.v. brandr, the answer is that both are correct. Therefore, the name is registerable as submitted.

Arnóra Fiðardóttir. Name change from Anne de Guise and device. Or, in pale two estoiles between flaunches sable.

Submitted as Arnóra Fiðrdóttir, Old Norse grammar requires that, in a patronymic byname, the father's name be in the genitive case. The genitive of Fiðr is Fiðar. In order to register the name, we have changed it to Arnóra Fiðardóttir to fix the grammar.

Her previous name, Anne de Guise, is retained as an alternate name.

Cera MacClanachan. Name.

Submitted as Cera MacClanahan, the byname MacClanahan was documented from Black, The Surnames of Scotland, s.n. MacClannachan. However, this spelling was not explicitly dated; Black just says that it occurs "in old records", without saying how old those records are. None of the pre-1600 dated forms have just h in the final syllable; they either have ch or quh. The most similar spellings to MacClanahan are M'Clanochane 1574 and MacClannachan 1585. On the basis of these two examples, MacClanachan is a plausible extrapolation. We have changed the name to Cera MacClanachan in order to register it.

This name combines Gaelic and Scots, which is one step from period practice. Because Cera is the name of a saint, there is no temporal disparity between the two elements.

Christmas Caryl. Name (see RETURNS for device).

As past precedent says,

The fact that this is a "joke name" is not, in and of itself, a problem. The College has registered a number of names, perfectly period in formation, that embodied humor: Drew Steele, Miles Long, and John of Somme Whyre spring to mind as examples. (Porsche Audi, August, 1992, pg. 28)

Some joke names are not registerable because they are obtrusively modern. As the concept of "Christmas carol" dates to the end of our period, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. carol, this name can hardly be considered obtrusively modern.

Christopher Lemynton. Name and device. Sable, a billet argent enflamed to chief proper between six mullets of six points two, two, and two argent.

Cresseid MacGregor. Name and device. Argent, a tower sable and in chief three decrescents, a bordure embattled azure.

Submitted as Cressida MacGregor, the given name Cressida was documented from Shakespeare's play Troilus and Cressida, where the character's name is spelled Cressida, Cressed, Cressid, and Cresseida. However, this play was first published in 1609 and probably written around 1602. While we will register names used by real people which are documented from the grey area (1600-1650), this does not extend to names found only in literature published after 1600:

While the name [Osric] does appear in Shakespeare's Hamlet, this play was not published until after 1600, nor was evidence found that it was performed before that 1600. This makes the name Osric unregisterable as a literary name from that play. [LoAR 02/1007, Osric of Blakwode, Atenveldt-R]

This means that Cressida is not registerable on the basis of the Shakespearean citation alone.

However, Shakespeare's character Cressida shows up in a number of earlier, period, pieces of literature, though her name is not spelled Cressida. She's called Briseis in Benoît de Sainte-Maure's Le Roman de Troie; Brisayda or Breseyda in Caxton's, The Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye, a translation of Raoul Lefevre's Recueil des Histoires de Troye; Criseida in Boccaccio's Il Filostrato; Criseyde in Chaucer's Troylus and Criseyde; Cressaide, Cresseide, Cresseyd, Cresseyde, Cressid, Cryseide, and Cryseyde in John Lydgate's Troy book; and Cresseid in Robert Henryson's The Testament of Cresseid. Any of these would be registerable under the literary names allowance. We note that Henryson was a Scot, writing in the late 15th C. This makes Cresseid the most plausible choice to use with the Scots byname MacGregor. We have changed the name to Cresseid_MacGregor in order to register it.

Diana de Parkhurst. Device. Per bend sinister azure and purpure, a bend sinister between a dog's pawprint and a dog statant contourny argent.

The use of paw prints is a step from period practice.

Emma Doventhuayte. Device. Per bend indented azure and argent, a dove volant wings addorsed argent and a rose purpure.

Eva de Castille. Name.

The byname de Castille was documented from Academy of S. Gabriel Reports #2079 and #2382. However, no summary of these reports was provided on the LoI. We remind submissions heralds that failure to provide adequate summaries of the supporting documentation is grounds for return. For information on the proper summarization of documentation, please see the December 2008 Cover Letter.

In this case, the commenters provided alternative documentation for the byname. Pelican Emeritus notes that

<de Castille> is found in 15th C Anglo-Norman French (if it can be called that at that period). Proceedings and Ordinances of the Privay Council of England vol 2, 12 Henry IV MCCCX to 10 Henry V MCCCCXXII, on p 118 has a letter from King Henry to his sister, Katherine queen of Castille, dated 1411. The notes indicate this is an original draft from Bibl. Cotton. Vespasian, C. xii, f 118. It notes "A tresexcellente ~t tresnoble princesse Katerine par la [icelle mesme] Grace Royne de Castille ~t Leõn: (To? the most excellent and most noble princess Katherine, by grace queen of Castille and Leon)

This evidence is sufficient to register de Castille as an English-language byname referring to the Spanish place.

Fabian Samuel. Name.

Fearghus MacCulloch. Reblazon of device. Per pale gules and azure, a stag's head erased affronty within a bordure embattled argent.

Blazoned when registered in August 1998 as Per pale gules and azure, a stag's head erased, a bordure embattled argent, that blazon omitted that the head was affronty.

Giovanna Ricci. Device. Or, a griffin segreant gules sustaining a needle palewise sable threaded gules.

This device is clear of Pomerania, Argent, a griffin segreant gules crowned Or. There is a CD for the change to the field and a CD for the addition of the sustained needle. Since the CD exists whether or not the needle is a sustained secondary or a sustained co-primary, this submission need not be pended until the April decision on the proposed changes to how we treat sustained charges. Since the order in which the charges are blazoned will only matter if the proposal is adopted, we are blazoning this as if the needle is a sustained secondary according to the proposal.

Please instruct the submitter to draw thinner thread so that it appears more like thread and less like a cable.

Helgi Gunnarsson. Name and device. Per chevron Or and gules, three deer's hoof prints and in saltire two axes counterchanged.

The use of hoof prints in armory, like that of paw prints, is a step from period practice.

Jason Thomas the Wanderer. Acceptance of transfer of household name La Companie du Chateau Corbeau and badge from Morgaine FitzStephen. Per bend sable and argent, a castle and a corbie close contourny counterchanged.

Katrina of Esingetun. Name.

Kazdoia Davydova. Name and device. Per chevron Or and azure, a tower counterchanged charged in base with an escallop gules.

Morgaine FitzStephen. Badge. (Fieldless) A dragonfly Or winged argent.

Morgaine FitzStephen. Transfer of household name La Companie du Chateau Corbeau and badge to Jason Thomas the Wanderer. Per bend sable and argent, a castle and a corbie close contourny counterchanged.

Parlane of Glenord. Name.

Listed on the LoI as Parlan_ of _Ord, the name was originally submitted as Farlan of Glenn Ord and changed in kingdom to match the available documentation. However, the documentation for Parlan, Black, The Surnames of Scotland, s.n. MacFarlan, did not state that Parlan was actually a period Scots form. The closest form that we found is Parlane McGorrie, dated to 1613 in Black s.n. Parlan.

Crescent provided information supporting Glenord as a constructed place name:

Johnstone. Place-Names of Scotland, p. 266 discusses "Ord". The meaning is given as 'a steep, rounded height', and the spelling is dated to 1208. The "glen-" names are found on pp.192-4 and include many names of the pattern "glen+toponomical word". These include Glencorse, 'pass, crossing', dtd. 1298; Glendaruel, 'of the two points', dtd. 1238; Glendinning, 'glen of the fair hill', dtd. 1384, 1471 (in differing spellings); and so on... Only one placename listed gives the spelling as two separite [sic] words: Glen Caladh -- and that spelling is not dated. So I recommend "Glenord" might be registerable as a constructed locative byname, dated in the thirteenth to fifteenth centuries.

We have changed the name to Parlane of Glenord to more closely match the originally submitted name.

Shawn de Wynter. Name and device. Azure, a lion rampant reguardant and on a chief argent three crosses clechy sable.

This name does not conflict with Johanna Wynter. The difference in sound between Shawn and Johanna is similar to that between Jon and Johanne, which were ruled not to conflict on the August 2008 LoAR:

The given names are significantly different in appearance, and as Johanne was pronounced with three syllables in our period, it is significantly different from Jon in sound as well. [Johanne i Visby, East-A, LoAR 08/2008]

Nice device!

Tegus Borjigin. Name and device. Per chevron vert and argent, three card piques argent and a crow sable.

The question was raised in commentary whether the use of the byname Borjigin is presumptuous. Metron Ariston says:

I have to say that I am more than a bit uncomfortable with the possibility that the use of Borjigin could be interpreted as a claim to be of the immediate family of Genghis Khan. The same articles used to document this name appear to indicate that there was a very close association with the use of this element in a name and a claim to be of the Mongol ruling family not only during the age of Genghis Khan but also later. The question then arises is whether there are any clear examples of period Mongols completely unrelated to the family of Genghis Khan (either by birth or adoption) and that issue is not addressed in the documentation. In other words, is this byname like Medici or like Hapsburg?

Siren notes that

<Borjigin> predates Genghis Khan; various sources (I like p. 22 of Mongolian Music, Dance, and Oral Narrative, by Carol Pegg, University of Washington Press, 2001, http://books.google.com/books?id=gKRrVu0fBn8C) say that it was his father's clan.

Since the family name Borjigin was used prior to Genghis Khan, it cannot be interpreted as an unambiguous claim to be part of his immediate family. Thus, its use is not presumptuous, so the name is registerable.

Entered into OSCAR as a badge, a timely letter of correction was submitted noting that it is, in fact, a device.

The device is clear of the device of Deirdre Fallon, Per chevron azure and argent, three card piques argent and a horse's head contourny sable. There is a CD for the change of tincture of half the field and a CD for the multiple changes (type and orientation) of the basemost charge. Two changes to a charge on one side of a line of division, even if not numerically half the charges, is a CD. Precedent for this practice is found on the November 1991 Cover Letter, under the "Group Theory" heading. This precedent was upheld as recently as March 2008.

Walter æt Defenascire. Name.

Submitted as Ualter_Defenascir_, Ualter was documented as an Early Modern Irish adaptation of Anglo-Norman Walter, which was adopted into Gaelic after the Norman settlement of Ireland. Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals", gives Uaitéar as the standardized Early Modern Irish form, and her earliest example is from 1203. On the other hand, Defenascir was documented as an Old English form of the place name, dating to 851. Since Old English fell out of use before Early Modern Irish came into use, there cannot have been substantial contact between Old English and Early Modern Irish speakers. This means that names combining Old English and Early Modern Irish are not registerable.

Reaney & Wilson s.n. Walter gives the Latinized examples Walterus episcopus 1066 and Robertus filius Walterii, Galterii 1086. The expected vernacular of Walterus is Walter, which means that Walter is registerable in late Old English contexts.

No examples were provided for unmarked locative bynames in Old English, which means that we need to add a preposition to the name. Old English used three prepositions in locative bynames, on, of, and æt. Of these, æt was the most common, then on, then of, according to Tengvik, Old English Bynames, chapter 1. Following æt, Defenascir needs to be in the genitive case, e.g. Defenascire. We have changed the name to Walter æt Defenascire in order to register it.

Wystan Albryght. Name and device. Per chevron vert semy of lozenges and argent, in base a cross formy gules.

This is clear of the device of Muirenn of Wintersedge, Per chevron gules and argent, two crosses of lozenges and a phoenix issuant from base counterchanged. Wystan's device has a primary charge group consisting of a cross, since, by precedent, a group of semy charges is never part of the primary charge group unless the semy charges form the sole central charge group on the field:

[Per chevron gules crusily fitchy argent and argent, in base a bear rampant gules] This is clear of the Barony of Dun Carraig, Per chevron gules, crusilly bottony argent, and argent, in base a cross bottony within a laurel wreath gules. By current precedent, the semy charges must be in a separate group from all other chanrges; therefore the charge in base is its own group for both devices. Therefore there are two CDs for changing the number and type of the charges in base. [Giraude Benet, 07/01, A-Calontir]

Muirenn's primary charge group is composed of lozenges and a phoenix. Therefore, there is a CD for changing half the field from gules to vert, and a CD for changing the number of primary charges, from a single cross to lozenges-and-phoenix.

Yamina al-Zahra' bint Hatim. Name change from holding name Amina of Gyldenholt.

CALONTIR

Aleksei Chernobai. Name and device. Per chevron inverted gules and per pale Or and argent, a dragon passant argent and two brown bears combatant proper.

Conall O'Carroll. Name and device. Argent, in bend sinister a hammer bendwise sustained by an arm fesswise embowed reversed sable, three wolf's teeth issuant from sinister gules.

Submitted as Connell O'Carroll, the given name Connell was documented from Ó Corráin & Maguire, Irish Names, s.n. Conall, which says that the name "could be anglicised Conall or Connell." Unless they explicitly say otherwise, when Ó Corráin & Maguire are discussing anglicized forms they are discussing modern usage. A statement that Connell "could be" a modern anglicization of Conall is not sufficient documentation for the name to be registered. Rowel provided information about period Anglicized Irish forms of Conall:

[From the] indentures transcribed in footnotes in O'Donovan, John, Annals of Ireland, by the Four Masters, Volumes 1-7 (New York, N.Y.: AMS Press, 1966).

volume 5, pp. 1651-1652

10 Feb 1570

Conall Mc Shane O'Fferrall of Dromed

We have changed the name to Conall O'Carroll to match the available documentation.

There was some question as to whether this was slot-machine heraldry, having three types of charge in the same charge group. It is not. The primary charge group is the arm and the hammer; the wolf's teeth are a secondary, peripheral, charge group.

Folland von Wulfhagen. Name change from Faolan MacThighearnain.

His previous name, Faolan MacThighearnain, is released.

Giric MacLeod. Name.

This name combines Gaelic and Scots, which is one step from period practice. If the submitter would like to consider a wholly Gaelic name, we recommend Giric mac Léoid. Sharon L. Krossa, "A Simple Guide to Constructing 12th Century Scottish Gaelic Names", lists both Giric and Léod. Léoid is the expected genitive form of Léod, appropriate for use in a patronymic byname.

Isibel Hallberudottir. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Julia Laing. Name and device. Argent, a penguin affronty proper maintaining in its dexter wing a dagger gules within a double tressure purpure.

There is a step from period practice for the use of a penguin.

Please inform the submitter that the sable sections surrounding the white belly and neck need to be much thicker, so that none of the white of the bird is against the white field. Since the penguin drawn properly has no white against the white field, and the penguin is still identifiable, this submission does not need to be returned for a redraw.

Juliana de Loxelegh. Name.

Kenrick Dryden. Device. Per fess argent and sable masoned argent, a ram's head cabossed sable, a bordure embattled vert.

The LoI failed to mention the fact that the bordure is embattled. As sufficient commenters noted this fact, this need not be pended for further conflict checking.

Please instruct the submitter to not draw masonry above the top bricks: the argent masonry disappears into the argent field.

Sabyn ingen Eochada. Name and device. Quarterly azure and argent, in bend sinister two turtles vert.

This name combines English and Gaelic; this is one step from period practice.

Stefan of Reading. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Úlfkell {o,}lfúss. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Wentlyana Woodville. Name and device. Per chevron azure and argent, two lilies and a dragon counterchanged.

There was some question whether Woodville was a period spelling of the byname. The LoI documented it as the byname of Queen Elizabeth Woodville, but contemporary records spell her byname Wydeville and it appears as Widvile on her tomb. Ragged Staff provides information demonstrating that the name was spelled Wodevyll(e) or Wodevill(e) in the 14th and 15th C:

<Robert Baroun>, <Fulk Horewode>, and <John Wodevyll> are all mentioned in SC 8/298/14892 of the British National Archives, a document dated 1355-1375.

'Prebendaries: Leighton Buzzard', Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1300-1541: volume 1: Lincoln diocese (1962), pp. 79-81. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=32634&strquery=woodville mentions <Edward Woodville> 1467-1471 and <Lionel Woodville> 1471-1478, though it's not clear if these examples have been modernized.

'Prebendaries: Fridaythorpe', Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1300-1541: volume 6: Northern province (York, Carlisle and Durham) (1963), pp. 50-52. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=32529&strquery=Wodeville cites <Edmund Wodeville> 1467-1468; this form has probably not been normalized.

Watts, Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-Names, passim shows that the spelling Wode- had developed into Wood- by the 16th C. On the basis of this information, Woodville is a plausible 16th C form of the byname.

Wilhelm Lich. Badge. Per pale sable and argent, a drakkar sailing to sinister counterchanged.

Wrenna Branch. Name change from holding name Wrenna of Crescent Moon.

Branch is the submitter's legal maiden name.

DRACHENWALD

Drachenwald, Kingdom of. Order name Order of the Fox.

This does not conflict with the real-world German fraternal organization founded in 1392, Gesellen von den Fühsse. First, Fühsse and Fox are significantly different in sound and appearance. Second, no evidence was provided that the medieval brotherhood is important enough to protect from conflict.

Metron Ariston raised the issue of possible trademark violation as

apparently "Order of the Fox" is a registered trademark of Clan Fox Entertainment (http://rivendell.fortunecity.com/furcadia/700/OotFOX).

However, we were unable to find any entry for the Order of the Fox in TESS: U.S. Trademark Electronic Search System. Lacking evidence that the Order of the Fox is trademarked, the current submission does not infringe upon Clan Fox Entertainment's order.

Felicitas Schwartzenbergin. Name change from Mareike van Orley.

Her previous name, Mareike van Orley, is released.

Gottfried Kilianus. Name.

Magdelena Grace Vane. Name and device. Per pale gules and sable, two simurghs displayed Or.

Please instruct the submitter to draw feet on the simurghs.

There is a step from period practice for the use of a bird other than an eagle in the displayed posture.

EAST

Caitriona MacCasky. Name change from holding name Penni of Iron Bog and badge. (Fieldless) On an escallop inverted azure a blonde mermaid in her vanity proper.

The name combines Gaelic and Scots, which is one step from period practice.

This device is clear of the badge of Atlantia's Order of the Pearl, (Fieldless) On an escallop inverted azure a plate. There is a CD for the fieldless design, and a CD per RfS X.4.j.i for the change of both the type of tertiary charge and the tincture of the tertiary charge. Precedent says:

[Accepting (Fieldless) A decrescent per pale azure and argent] This badge does not conflict with Rhiannon ui Neill, (Fieldless) A decrescent azure. While X.4.d is most often interpreted as requiring half the charge to change tincture in a single-charge design, the wording of the rule states that "changing the division of any group of charges placed directly on the field is one clear difference." While much more than half the charge is azure, this is a properly constructed per pale line of division. Therefore there is a CD for fieldlessness and there is a CD for the change of the line of division, from no division to per pale, and thus these two pieces of armory are clear. [May 2006, Kiena Gledston, A-Caid]

Based on that precedent, the stricture that there be two independent changes to the whole tertiary charge group is satisfied. The first change is for the type, from roundel to mermaid, and the second change is the change of the line of division, from none to essentially per fess.

This explicitly overturns the precedent set in October 2001 in the return of the device of Catrina of Whitemoor, which has been interpreted to say that the two tertiary charges can share no tincture in common. Henceforth, when considering whether tincture changes count for the difference of tertiary charges using X.4.j.i, there are two guidelines: every charge in the group must change and the change must be the sort of change that would yield a CD when applied to primary or secondary charge groups. If both of these guidelines are met, tincture will count as one of the two changes required under X.4.j.ii.

Cecily Tupholme. Name.

Diana Kidder. Badge. (Fieldless) On an increscent vert a pine cone stem to chief Or.

Elisabeth Borden of Kent. Name (see RETURNS for device).

The addition of the byname of Kent clears this name of conflict with the protected non-SCA name Lizzie Borden.

The submitter requested authenticity for English language/culture, but did not allow any changes. As all elements of the name can be found in 16th C English records, the name is authentic as submitted.

Fáelán Mer. Name and device. Vert, a panther rampant ermine incensed proper and on a chief argent a scimitar sable.

This depiction of an ounce rampant ermine incensed proper is considered equivalent to an English panther.

Horace Eastbourne. Name and device. Per bend sinister argent and azure, a sinister wing counterchanged.

There was some question whether Horace is a period form of the name, since the documentation on the LoI, Withycombe, Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names, s.n. Horace, says that "the earliest example noted in England is Sir Horatio Vere 1563-1635." Siren notes that Sir Horatio was called Horace in the early 17th century:

In fact, his name appears as <Horace> on the endorsement of two letters, one dated 1610 and one 1612, transcribed and discussed in the article "Sir Horace Vere in Holland and the Rhineland, 1610-12" by D. J. B. Trim, Historical Research 72 (179, Oct 99): 334-351.

And Red Hawk notes that:

Ben Johnson (1572-1637) refers to him as "Horace": Selected Poems of Ben Jonson By Ben Jonson, Richard Dutton Publisher: Routledge; 1 edition (March 28, 2003) Page 59 http://books.google.com/books?id=iD9PrGNBjf4C&pg=PA59&lpg=PA59&dq=Horace+Vere&source=web&ots=PMi92n2Rtp&sig=E1JG6nI3N-gpdUg4BkUIF3677vA&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=6&:ct=result#PPA59,M1

XCI To Sir Horace Vere

Which of thy names I take, not only bears A Roman sound, but Roman virtue wears, Illustrious Vere, or Horace; fit to be Sung by a Horace, or a muse as free;

This is further confirmation from the gray area.

On this basis of this information, Horace is registerable as a late-period English name.

Katerine Fitzwilliam. Device change. Or, on a fess vert three dragonflies Or, in base a rose sable barbed and seeded proper.

Her old device, Argent, three dragonflies in pale vert between flaunches barry wavy azure and argent, is released.

Katrin Cooper. Device. Quarterly azure and argent, a horse rampant contourny sable between in bend two swords bendwise sinister argent all within an orle sable.

Leofwenn of Wytleseie. Name.

This name combines Old and Middle English, which is a step from period practice.

Naomi bat Avraham. Name reconsideration from Noomi bat Avraham.

Naomi is the submitter's legal given name.

Simon Ludsthorpe. Name.

Symonne de Bellefort. Name and device. Quarterly purpure and Or, four hawk's bells and a bordure counterchanged.

Nice armory!

GLEANN ABHANN

Dametta of Arundel. Name change from Deborah of Arundel (see RETURNS for badge).

The byname, of Arundel, is grandfathered to her.

Her previous name, Deborah of Arundel, is released.

Séarlas Mac Connmhaigh. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Séarlas MacConnmhaigh, by precedent, in a Gaelic byname there should be a space between the patronymic particle and the patronym:

In period, Mac was not connected to the patronym in Gaelic. We have added a space to follow documented period examples. [Gavine Mac Cormaic, 12/2003 LoAR, A-Trimaris]

We have changed the name to Séarlas Mac_Connmhaigh in order to register it.

LOCHAC

Bj{o,}rn Svartsson. Name (see RETURNS for device).

This does not conflict with either Bjorn húrsvartr or Bjorn inn svarti. Svartsson is significantly different in sound and appearance from both húrsvartr and svarti. This means that the names are clear through RfS V.1.a.ii.

Catalina de Gata. Device. Vert, on a fess cotised argent three lion's heads erased gules.

The submitter has permission to conflict with the device of John the Brittle, Vert, on a fess cotised argent a greyhound courant sable.

Nice armory!

Edward Braythwayte. Name and device. Argent, a fox passant and on a chief dovetailed gules two anvils reversed argent.

Elizabeth Braythwayte. Name and device. Per pale Or and vert, an oak leaf counterchanged.

Froði of Scafell. Name and device. Per pale vert and Or, a spider inverted counterchanged.

There was some question whether the name was registerable as submitted. The given name Froði is Old Norse, but the earliest dated form of Scafell that any of the commenters could find is Skallfeild, from 1578. Lacking earlier evidence for this place name, it must be treated as Modern English. Since Old Norse had fallen out of use before Modern English came into use, it is impossible for speakers of these languages to have had substantial contact with each other. This means that names which combine Old Norse and Modern English are not registerable.

However, it is possible to justify Scafell as a constructed English place name appropriate for the 13th-14th C. The root elements are Old Norse skalli and fjall. Ekwall, Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-names, s.n. Scawdale dates Houedscaldale to 1210, and derives the prototheme from ON skalli. For the element fjall, Ekwall s.n. Winburgh mentions Wynfell c1170 and Quinfel 1308. These support Scafel or Scafell as a plausible 13th or 14th C English place name.

This name combines Old Norse and Middle English, which is a step from period practice. If the submitter is interested in having a wholly Old Norse name, we recommend Froði á Skálafelli. Skálafelli is an Old Norse cognate of Scafell which appears in Landnámabók.

The use of a tergiant creature inverted is a step from period practice, by precedent:

[George Anne, 05/02, A-Æthelmearc] A significant number of commenters felt that inverting a tergiant charge which is commonly found as tergiant (such as a tergiant scorpion or a frog) does not hamper the identifiability of the charge so much as to render it unidentifiable, and they felt that it should be acceptable. The frog in this submission certainly retains its identifiability very clearly in the inverted posture. As a result, inverting a tergiant charge is acceptable as long as it does not otherwise violate any basic heraldic principles, including the requirement for identifiability. Because of the lack of period evidence for tergiant inverted charges, the posture will be considered a clear step from period practice (also known informally as a "weirdness") for any charge that cannot be found in this posture in period.

Katherine Kerr of the Hermitage. Device. Per chevron embattled gules and azure, two curs' heads couped argent collared sable and a tower argent.

Katherine Kerr of the Hermitage. Blanket permission to conflict with device. Per chevron embattled gules and azure, two curs' heads couped argent collared sable and a tower argent.

The blanket permission is for all armory that is not identical to this armory.

MERIDIES

Dagán mac Finguine. Name.

Kjartan kjalki Kolgrimsson. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Kjartan Kjalki Kolgrimsson, the byname kjalki means 'jawbone'. Precedent requires that Old Norse descriptive bynames which are not based on proper nouns or proper adjectives be registered in the lower case. Since kjalki is such a byname, we have changed the name to Kjartan kjalki Kolgrimsson in order to register it.

Máel Coluim of the Osprey. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per fess engrailed gules and argent, a boar passant argent and a cross crosslet fitchy sable.

Submitted under the name Máel Coluim mac Dearbhóg.

Tomas of Sol Haven. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Or, a wolf rampant and on a chief sable three vols Or.

Submitted under the name Tomas de Castilla.

MIDDLE

Ádam Mac Aoidh. Name and device. Argent, five piles inverted in point between two roundels sable, each roundel charged with a thistle Or.

Submitted as Ádam MacAoidh, by precedent, in a Gaelic byname there should be a space between the patronymic particle and the patronym:

In period, Mac was not connected to the patronym in Gaelic. We have added a space to follow documented period examples. [Gavine Mac Cormaic, 12/2003 LoAR, A-Trimaris]

We have changed the name to Ádam Mac_Aoidh in order to register it.

Ahelissa Langshaw. Name and device. Argent, a fret gules and in base a rose purpure barbed vert seeded Or.

The summary of the documentation for the given name did not include the URL of the article cited. As noted on the December 2008 Cover Letter, a complete summary will always include the URLs of all web articles. It is even more important to include the URL when the article being cited is available on the web in more than one place, such as on the heraldry.sca.org server and the www.s-gabriel.org server. If the heraldry.sca.org version of the article is being cited, then printouts do not need to be provided, but if the www.s-gabriel.org version is being cited, then printouts do need to be provided.

In this particular case, the commenters were able to independently confirm the documentation, so we do not have to pend or return this submission.

Alina of Foxwood. Device. Argent, two foxes combatant gules, on a chief indented vert three oak leaves Or.

Andreas Edoart de Lessete. Name change from holding name Andreas of the Middle.

Edoart was documented from Morlet, Les Noms de Personne sur le Territoire de l'Ancienne Gaule du VIe au XIIe Siècle, vol. I, p. 79 as a given name dated to before 932, and the LoI noted it was "intended as an unmarked patronymic". However, no documentation was provided on the LoI for unmarked patronymics in 10th C France, nor was any documentation provided for the use of double given names in this period. Metron Ariston provides evidence for Edoart in a period when unmarked patronymics were used:

The spelling of Edoart may still be a bit dicey as documented, but there is evidence that this spelling was still being used in French as late as the early fifteenth century. Christine de Pisan, whose Le Lure des faitz ci bonnes manneurs du sayge roy Charles is usually dated to 1405 used this spelling according to several editions which appear to retain the original spellings: "Le roy, Edoart d'Angleterre voyant le gent qu'il ot Envoyée avec Robert Canolle en France avoyent pou esploictié, et petit, où nulz en estoyent retournez, et mesment moult appeticiez ceuls qu'il avoit commis és garnison de terres et forteresses qu'il tenoit en Guyenne et par le royaume de France, et que moult avoit jà perdu seignouries et chasteuls par la force de François, ot conseil d'envoyer plus grant effort. . ." (http://visualiseur.bnf.fr/CadresFenetre?O=NUMM-36359&I=397&M=imageseule). I will not translate the whole as the only really relevant portion is the first five words which clearly are "The king, Edward of England". (The remainder is included to demonstrate that the spellings have not been normalized to modern forms.)

This example is sufficient to give the submitter the benefit of the doubt and to register this name.

Andries Rosman. Name and device. Or semy of suns, a horse's head couped sable.

Submitted as Andries Ros_, the submitter asked for a byname meaning something like "with/of the horse", "the horse trainer", or "professional who works with horses", and requested something longer than Ros if that was possible. The only candidate that the College found was the byname Rosman, dated to 1548 in Aryanhwy merch Catmael and Kymma Godric, "Names from Antwerp, 1443-1561". Rosman means 'horseman', and would have indicated someone who worked with horses. The same article lists numerous examples of Andries, including one from 1548, so Andries Rosman is an excellent 16th C Dutch name. We have changed the name to Andries Rosman to meet his request as best we can.

Aurore Defontaine. Device. Per bend sinister gules and Or, on a bend sinister sable between two dragonflies counterchanged three roses Or.

This device is clear of Blanche Capet, Per bend sinister gules and Or, on a bend sinister sable between a lion contourny and a dragonfly counterchanged, three fleurs-de-lys palewise Or. There is a CD for the change of type of half the secondary charge group (from lion to dragonfly) and a second CD, under X.4.j.ii, for the substantial change of type of the tertiary charges. While the registered device has three types of charge on the field, only the new device is required to be suitable for X.4.j.ii to apply. Aurore's submission meets the simplicity requirements for the rule.

Avelyn Grene. Name and device. Argent, a heron maintaining a stone in an upraised foot between flaunches vert.

Brigida Trinkhaus. Name.

Connor MacGrath. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Both elements of the name were documented from Coghlan, Grehan, & Joyce, Book of Irish Names. This is not an acceptable source for documentation:

The Book of Irish Names is an abysmal SCA source, particularly its discussion of first names, which is a description of modern (20th century) Irish naming practices. (Ensign [Cateline de la Mor la souriete] LoC, 17 February 1996)

In this case, the commenters were able to provide alternative documentation for both elements. Rowel says:

Support for <Connor> appears in the 01/2008 LoAR:

There was some question whether Connor was an anglicization used in period for the Irish name Conchobhair [sic]. This spelling occurs in Fynes Morrison, An itinerary vvritten by Fynes Moryson Gent. First in the Latine tongue, and then translated by him into English: containing his ten yeeres trauell through the tvvelue dominions of Germany, Bohmerland, Sweitzerland, Netherland, Denmarke, Poland, Jtaly, Turky, France, England, Scotland, and Ireland. Diuided into III parts. The I. part. Containeth a iournall through all the said twelue dominions: shewing particularly the number of miles, the soyle of the country, the situation of cities, the descriptions of them, with all monuments in each place worth the seeing, as also the rates of hiring coaches or horses from place to place, with each daies expences for diet, horse-meate, and the like. The II. part. Containeth the rebellion of Hugh, Earle of Tyrone, and the appeasing thereof: written also in forme of a iournall. The III. part. Containeth a discourse vpon seuerall heads, through all the said seuerall dominions, Part II, Book I, p 86, where it mentions a Connor Roe MacGuyre in an event occurring in 1600. This work was published in 1617, so it puts the Anglicization Connor in the gray area. [Connor MacConmara, 01/2008 LoAR, A-Ansteorra]

Additionally <Connor> appears among the names from Patent Rolls of James I (1603-1604) listed in Ewen, C. L'Estrange, A History of Surnames of the British Isles (Originally pubished: London, 1931. Reprinted for Clearfield Company, Inc. by Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc. Baltimore, Maryland, 1993, 1995). pp. 210-211.

In a footnote on p. 210, Ewen notes that his source was: "Cal. of Irish Patent Rolls, vol. ii, p. 17 et seq."

[Quote from a paragraph on p. 210:] "Patent Rolls for I Jas. I (1603-4) preserve lists of pardons granted to Irishmen concerned in recent disturbances, and contain hundreds of names, the descriptions being very complete, including both patronymic and clan name as well as "nickname" in some cases."

The portion of this list on p. 210 includes the name: Connor O'Moyle O'Fahie of Lickmolashe, clerk

Pelican Emeritus provides the following for the byname:

MacGrath is a little harder, but some notes to a late 19th C edition of the 1598 The Description of Ireland By Edmund Hogan contain the spelling <McGrath> -- p 163 notes "The castle of Sledy was built in 1628 by Philip McGrath, as appears from a date on a chimney-piece with the words ' Philippus McGrath.' "

McGrath is a scribal abbreviation for MacGrath.

Cynwrig Cynydd. Reblazon of device. Argent, a chevron gules between two mullets of six points voided and interlaced and a greyhound statant sable.

Blazoned when registered as Argent, a chevron gules between two mullets of six points voided and interlaced and a greyhound sable, the posture of the greyhound was omitted.

Dafydd Bran. Name and device. Per bend vert and Or all semy of quill pens counterchanged, an open book argent.

Dáire of the Three Moons. Name and device. Argent, a pall sable semy of oak leaves palewise argent between three crescents gules.

The LoI documented the byname as following a pattern of bynames based on inn sign names found in English, citing the byname Sevenstar from Reaney & Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames. There was some question whether of the was appropriate in such a byname, given that the other examples provided in commentary were unmarked or used atte 'at the'. Reaney & Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, s.n. Rose have atte Rose 1305 and de la Rose 1242, both deriving from the sign of the Rose. As of the is the Middle English version of Anglo-Norman de la, it is appropriate to use in an English byname based on an inn sign.

This name combines Gaelic and English, which is one step from period practice.

Denis de Wahulle. Name.

Diccon de Reinport. Name and device. Or, a goat rampant and on a chief sable three broadarrows inverted Or.

Submitted as Diccon of Reinport, the documentation for the byname was inadequately summarized. The LoI documented Reinport as a constructed place name on the basis of a number of place names found in Ekwall, Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-names, but did not give any dates or dated citations for any of these place names or any argument that the combination of Rein- and -port follows period patterns of English place names. Failure to provide this information is grounds for return.

Siren provides alternative documentation for Reinport:

<Reinport> is also a period form of a French placename, as dated to 1267 in Documents sur l'histoire de Lorraine p. 122 (through Google Books).

Documented as a French place name, Reinport cannot be combined with English of as that combination violates RfS III.1.a Linguistic Consistency. We have changed the name to Diccon de Reinport, so that the byname is wholly French, in order to register it.

Goats rampant may also be blazoned as clymant, but do not have to be. Since the submitter blazoned it as rampant, we are using that term.

Drogo Greydere of Nottinghamshire. Name (see RETURNS for device and badge).

The documentation for this name was inadequately summarized. Proper URLs were missing for all of the sources, and no summary of the citation for Drogo, The Domesday Book Online listings, was provided. Additionally, no documentation was provided for the byname of Nottinghamshire. The LoI merely stated that this county dates back to 1016. This does not constitute documentation for the locative byname of Nottinghamshire because it does not demonstrate that Nottinghamshire is a period name of the county.

Additionally, the submitter requested authenticity for 11th-14th C, but this authenticity request was not mentioned on the LoI. Had the commenters not gone out of their way to provide the information missing from the summary and also address the potential authenticity of this name, we would have been forced to return it.

Withycombe, Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names, s.n. Drogo dates Drogo to 1086 and 1187-1219; this is a Latinized form of the name Drew, which is dated in the same place to 1455. Reaney & Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, s.n. Drew have the additional citations of Driu 1185, filius Dru 1185, Dreu 1188, Dryw 1275, and Drew 1327.

The byname Greydere was cited on the LoI from Jeanne Marie Lacroix, "'Misplaced' Names in Reaney & Wilson", as being dated to 1373-5 in Reaney & Wilson s.n. Graygoose. The form which actually occurs, both in the article and in Reaney & Wilson is actually Graydere. However, Reaney & Wilson s.n. Graybeard have both Greyeye 13th C and Grayfot 1243, demonstrating the use of both grey and gray in the 13th century.

The county of Nottinghamshire was recorded as Snoting(a)hamscir in 1016, according to Ekwall, The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-names, s.n. Nottingham. Blue Anchor provides further information about later forms of the name:

The MED has Notingehamscyre (1130-35) and the -shire spelling of the element seems to appear as early as the late 13th C. So I think we can use -shire and meet his authenticity request.

The first part, however, is the issue. The single-t spelling Notingham or Notingeham seems to be more common, according to Ekwall and the MED (which has Notingham (s.v. w{o-}de, ancre, burgh, and brigge -- in the latter we see Matilda Attebriggesende de Notingham), Snotingham (s.v. York), the above-mentioned Notingehamscyre, etc.

However, s.v. cast{e-}l, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/m/mec/med-idx?type=id&id=MED6906&egs=all&egdisplay=open, we have Nottingeham castell (1152). Though Ekwall doesn't mention any Notting- spellings in period, Watts says: "Nottingham from 1172x4". But that spelling doesn't seem common -- searching through my collection of transcribed period documents, I don't find it unless the name has been modernized. I find a ton of Notinghams, though.

(Bardsley, incidentally has Nottingham (1552) s.v. Nottingham. But the earlier citations are all single-t.)

What this tells me is that we can justify a spelling of Nottinghamshire as technically authentic to the period the submitter requests, based on Watts. However, to be the most authentic form of the name for the 11th-14th centuries, a single-t spelling would be more typical. Notingehamscyre would be lovely. Notinghamshire would would lean more to the 14th century but would also be lovely.

There was some question whether the element -shire should be included when the place name is used in a locative byname. Previous precedents say:

[Aldwyn de Lancashire]. The submitter indicated that he was interested in a 14th C English name but did not request that his name be made authentic for this period. The byname de Lancashire is dated to the 16th C in the submitter's documentation; the form de Lancastreshire is dated to the late 14th C in the same document. Aldwyn de Lancestreshire would be a lovely 14th C form of this name. [LoAR 02/2005]

Some documentation exists that -shire was included in locative bynames based on English shire names. For example, Bardsley, s.n. Derbyshire, dates Idonia Darbyschyre to 1379. [LoAR 06/2003]

Additional examples include Berksir 1249, de Barkescire 1317, de Shropshir' 1226, de Shropshire 1327, and de Lancastreschire 1387, in Reaney & Wilson s.nn. Berkshire, Lancashire, Shropshire. Also, de Wilteshire is found in Margaret Curtis, "The London lay subsidy of 1332" in George Unwin, ed., Finance and trade under Edward III (Manchester: University Press; London: Longmans, Green & Co., 1918).).

The upshot of this is that all of the elements of his name can be justified to his desired period. However, the name is not authentic linguistically. A name which used the Latinized given name Drogo would have used the Latin preposition de instead of English of. Conversely, a name using the English proposition of would have likely used a vernacular form of the given name, such as Dru. Because the elements and the construction of the name are authentic for his desired time period, we are not changing the name. However, if the submitter would like his name to be both linguistically correct and also typical for his period, we recommend either Drogo Greydere de Notingehamscyre or Dru Greydere of Notingehamscyre.

Elewys Martyn of Conway. Name and device. Gules, a dragonfly and on a chief engrailed Or three torteaux.

Elo de Luna. Name (see RETURNS for device).

The byname was documented from "the Catologo", but no further information was provided on the LoI about what this source is or what it says about the element de Luna. This is not an adequate summary, and normally would have been grounds for return. However, the byname was also documented from Diez Melcon, who dates de Luna to 1221.

Fáelán mac Cormaicc. Name and device. Argent, a wolf's head ululant issuant from base and on a chief embattled sable a bezant between two towers argent.

The documentation for the name was inadequately summarized on the LoI. Three sources were mentioned. The first source was cited in full but no information about what the source said of the element was provided. The second source was properly cited but no dates were given for the examples quoted. The third source was cited incompletely (neither the author's full name nor the full title of the article were given, nor the URL), and the information provided about what the source says was incomplete. Failure to properly summarize documentation is grounds for pend or return. In this case, the commenters were able to provide independent support for the name, so we are able to register it.

The use of a wolf's head ululant is a step from period practice.

Commenters asked if the use of a beast head issuant from base was also a step from period practice. An examination of the period armorials available to Wreath shows humans issuant from base in most cultures. Raneke, Svenska Medeltidsvapen, Vol I, p 46, has the arms of Hästhuvud Tyglat, which are a horse head issuant from base. Page 47 has the arms of Svanhals Uppskjutande, which is a swan's head issuant from base. There are also a number of animate demi-beasts which are issuant from the sinister base edge of the shield. We are declaring demi-animate charges and animal heads issuant from base to not be a step from period practice and are registering this device.

Faolán Dubh mac Lochlainn. Name.

The documentation for all parts of this name was inadequately summarized. The LoI documented the elements from Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals", but provided no information about what this source says about the elements. Had the commenters not provided this required information, we would have been forced to pend or return this name.

Fintan MacAldin. Badge. (Fieldless) A natural sea turtle purpure.

Fionn mac Cinnétig. Name and device. Argent, two chevronelles and overall a tree sable.

Submitted as Fionn mac Cinnéide, Cinnéide was documented as an Early Modern Irish form of the given name Cennétig. However, no evidence was provided that Cennétig remained in use as a given name into the period when Early Modern Irish was used. The latest example of Cennétig (and indeed the only example) found in Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names from Irish Annals", is from 1159. Past precedent has ruled that Gaelic names which were not used in the Early Modern Irish era cannot be registered in their Early Modern Irish forms:

Current precedent does not allow registration of Irish names in orthographies that are not appropriate to the times in which they are found:

No examples of the spelling Muireann have been found dating from 1200-1600. Although this is the expected spelling for this period (given the rules of Gaelic spelling), we cannot register this spelling without a reason to believe it was actually used during this period... Since no additional evidence for its use in Early Modern Gaelic has been found, the Early Modern Gaelic spelling Muireann is still not registerable. [05/2005]

We have changed the name to Fionn mac Cinnétig in order to register it. Cinnétig is the genitive of Cennétig, which is required following mac. This name combines Early Modern Irish and Middle Irish, which is one step from period practice.

Genovefa de Sancto Martino. Name.

Submitted as Genovefa de Santos Martinas, the LoI claimed that Santos Martinas was dated to 1153 in Morlet, Les Noms de Personne sur le Territoire de l'Ancienne Gaule du VIe au XIIe Siècle, p. 132 s.n. Saint Martin. This is not correct. The header name is Martinus, not Saint Martin, and the spelling dated to 1153 is Sanctus Martinus. The form Santos Martinas does not appear in this entry.

In Latin, the preposition de takes the ablative case. This means that following de, Sanctus Martinus must be inflected to Sancto Martino. We have changed the name to Genovefa de Sancto Martino to correct the grammar in order to register it.

Gerard Montagu. Device. Azure, a griffin segreant Or, a chief Or fretty vert.

Gillian de Beaumont. Name and device. Argent, a raven maintaining a needle fesswise sable threaded, on a chief gules an arrow reversed argent.

The documentation for the given name was inadequately summarized; no header name or page number was provided. Had the commenters not provided independent evidence for Gillian, we would have been forced to pend or return this name.

This does not conflict with Julina de Beaumont. The given names Julina and Gillian are significantly different in appearance, and the changes in the sound of the first vowel and the final syllable are also significant.

Giovanni of Gwyntarian. Holding name and device (see PENDS for name). Per bend sinister purpure and Or, a phoenix and a winged manticore rampant counterchanged.

Submitted under the name Giovanni Andreas Faustus.

Giovanni of Gwyntarian. Badge. Purpure, a crossbow Or and a bordure embattled argent.

Guillerme Pupelot. Name and device. Per pale purpure and argent, a boot reversed winged at the heel purpure.

Submitted as Guillermy Pupelot, the given name Guillermy was documented from Morlet, Dictionnaire Étymologique des Noms de Famille, s.n. Guillaume. That entry does not provide any dates for Guillermy, nor give any indication that this is a period variant of Guillaume. Lacking either of these, Guillermy is not registerable. Morlet, Etude d'anthroponymie picarde, les noms de personne en Haute Picardie aux XIIIe, XIVe, XVe siecles, includes many examples of the Latinized forms Guillermus, dated to 1295 (pp. 310, 409), 1313 (p. 321), and fin. 15th C (p. 293), and Willermus, dated to 1235 (p. 313), 1238 (p. 345), and 1295 (pp. 319, 410), and the vernacular Willerme dated to 1256 (p. 426). On the basis of this, the expected vernacular form of Guillermus is Guillerme. We have changed the name to Guillerme Pupelot in order to register it.

Hector de Florentia. Name and device. Sable, a chevron between three crescents, a bordure argent.

Nice armory!

Helena Sibylla. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Iago of Sternfeld. Holding name and device (see PENDS for name). Per fess wavy azure and vert, a cog wheel and a smith's hammer Or.

Submitted under the name Iago Gelligaer.

Isabelle Prentiz. Name and device. Or estencelly vert, on a bend cotised purpure a comet Or.

Jadwiga Wlodzis{l/}awska. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Listed on the LoI as Jadwiga Wlodzistawska, the name was originally submitted as Jadwiga Wlodzis{l/}awska. No mention of this discrepancy was made on the LoI. Normally, failure to note a change made to a name in kingdom would be grounds for pend or return, per the June 2008 Cover Letter. However, in this case, it is plausible to assume that the submissions herald misread the slashed-l as a t. We will give the submitter the benefit of the doubt that this was the case, though we take the opportunity to remind submissions heralds how important careful reading of the forms is when preparing an LoI. As the documentation for the byname supports the originally submitted spelling, we have restored the name to Jadwiga Wlodzis{l/}awska in order to register it.

Kari Fitz Garanhir. Name and device. Argent, a wolf's head erased contourny and on a chief gules three crescents argent.

The element Garanhir is permitted to the submitter; it is the registered given name of his father, Garanhir of Ness. A letter from Garanhir attesting that Kari is his son was included. Additionally, the byanme Fitz Garanhir has been registered to other children of Garanhir, Alia fitz Garanhir, Genievre fitz Garanhir, and William Keith FitzGaranhir.

Kashiwadebe no Hikojir{o-}. Name and device. Azure, a sea-mew volant argent, on a chief wavy Or three oak leaves sable.

Submitted as Kashiwadebe no Hikojir{o-} Kih{o-}, the sole documentation for the name on the LoI was the statement:

All name elements from "Name Construction in Mediaeval Japan", Solveig Throndardottir, 2nd Ed.

This is grossly inadequate. Precedent set long ago and reaffirmed on the December 2008 Cover Letter says that failure to adequately summarize documentation is grounds for return. In this case, several members of the College went out of their way to fill in the gaps left on the LoI. Siren quoted the relevant information from the Midrealm's ILoI of October 2007, which allowed the College to consider this item.

Unfortunately, this information does not support the construction of this name. Solveig Throndardottir comments that:

[Kih{o-}] is most likely intended to be a Buddhist name. If this person intends to actually be a monk, then the yobina Hikojir{o-} should probably be omitted. If they intend to have lay orders, then they should also have a nanori following the example of Takeda Shingen in NCMJ.

Lacking examples of Japanese names which combine a Buddhist name and a yobina, without a nanori, this pattern is not registerable. As the submitter allows all changes, we have dropped Kih{o-} to register the name as Kashiwadebe no Hikojir{o-}_.

Laurenzu lu Calabrisi. Name and device. Per pale sable and argent, four crescents conjoined in cross horns outward counterchanged.

Submitted as Lorenzo di Calabria, the submitter allowed all changes and requested authenticity for southern Italian. This authenticity request was not summarized on the LoI. Had the commenters not provided information on forms of this name which would be authentic for Calabria, which is in the south of Italy, we would have had to pend this name so that the College could address the submission with the full information. We remind submissions heralds that it is very important that the check boxes on the forms be properly summarized on the LoI to prevent names from being pended or returned for administrative reasons.

Maridonna Benvenuti comments:

After more searching I've found a Sicilian spelling from 1480 which is Laurenzu. The examples are Laurenzu Crispu, frati Laurenzu di sanctu Benedictu, and Laurenzu lu Trumbecta. Armando Di Pasquale. 'Palermo nel 1480. La popolazione del quartiere della Kalsa', Edizioni Mori, Palermo, 1975, nos. 154, 191, 458.

I have found no 'di/da/de Calabria' attested or unattested. I'm beginning to believe that, except where latinaized [sic], the use of a regional name was 'ethnic' (adjectival) like Toscano (Tuscany), Pugliese (Apulia), Sardo (Sardinia), and Corsu and Corsa (Corsica).

Armando Di Pasquale Palermo nel 1480. La popolazione del quartiere della Kalsa, Palermo, 1975 has 'la Calabrisa' no. 619; 'lu Calabrisi' nos. 161 & 827 and 'Calabrisi' nos. 495 & 516.

Names of Jews in Rome In the 1550's, Table of Names has the following names: Abramo di Moise Calabrese Giacobbe Calabrese Giacobbe Katzav di Calabrese Matzliah Calabrese di Ricciaro Sabato Calabrese Remus of Foffi Sabato do Calabrese Url: http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/yehoshua/rome_names.html at the MNA.

1800 Surnames Recorded in 1447, is a list of surnames recorded after the King of Naples, Alfonso I of Aragona ordered a tax reform in 1443. The name 'Calabrese' occurs once. Url: http://www.abruzzoheritage.com/magazine/2002_06/d.htm linked through the MNA.

On the basis of this information, Laurenzu lu Calabrisi is an authentic name for 15th C Palermo. We have changed the name to Laurenzu lu Calabrisi in order to meet his request for authenticity.

Léal d'Avignon. Device. Per bend azure and sable, in bend three lozenges argent.

Little John of Hamilton. Device. Per chevron vert and argent, two straight trumpets inverted in chevron Or and a bull passant sable.

Lucien Featherstone. Name and device. Argent, a feather gules and a mount sable.

The documentation for the byname was not adequately summarized; the LoI listed the title, author, and URL of a web article, but failed to provide any information about what the article said about the byname. Had the commenters not provided this required information, we would have been forced to pend or return the name.

The given name was dated to 1292 and the byname to 1598. This temporal disparity of greater than 300 years is one step from period practice.

Maaicke van Zanten. Name and device. Per pale Or and sable, two dogs rampant addorsed counterchanged, breathing flames gules, on a chief nebuly azure an egg between two acorns Or.

Máel Dúin mac Gilla Énnae. Device. Per chevron sable and vert, on a roundel between three mullets argent a wolf's head erased vert.

Malie bean mhic Aoidh. Name and device. Or, a fess azure between three gouttes and in saltire two swords gules.

Listed on the LoI as Malie bean mhic Aoid, the forms show that the name was originally submitted as Malie bean mhic Aoi{d.}. This discrepancy was not noted on the LoI. Normally, this would be grounds for, at best, pending the submission and, at worst, returning it per the June 2008 Cover Letter. In this case, it is plausible to assume that the punctum delens was simply not noticed when inputting the name on the LoI. We are willing to give Rouge Scarpe the benefit of the doubt, but we take the opportunity to remind submissions heralds how important careful reading of the forms is when preparing an LoI.

No documentation was provided for the pattern bean 'wife' + <husband's byname> in Gaelic. Rowel provides examples from the Irish annals:

-	Connacht 1320.2: Grane ingen Meic Magnusa ben Meic Diarmada

-	Four Masters M1320.2: Grainne inghean Meic Magnusa ben Meic Diarmata

-	Loch Cé LC1320.1: Gráinne inghen Mic Magnusa, ben Mic Diarmada

-	Connacht 1364.7: Margrec ingen Uater a Burcc ben meic Feidlim

Past precedent has ruled that we do not register Gaelic names with the punctum delens:

Submitted as Sadb ingen S.uibne, the s. is intended to represent a punctum delens (a letter in Gaelic with a dot over it). This indicates that the letter is lenited. In the standard transcription of such letters in the Roman alphabet, lenition is shown by placing an 'h' after the letter that is lenited. We have changed the name to Sadb ingen Shuibhne to make the transcription system consistent for the Roman alphabet. The submitter is welcome to use the form Suibne with the punctum delens over the S when writing her name, if she wishes. [Sadb ingen Shuibne, September 2004]

We have changed the name to Malie bean mhic Aoidh in order to register it. This name combines Scots and Gaelic, which is a step from period practice.

Martyn Baxter. Name and device. Or, a hawk striking to sinister within a bordure embattled azure.

Merlin Dery Bryngwyn. Name.

The documentation for the byname Bryngwyn was not adequately summarized; a web article was cited, but no URL was provided. Normally failure to adequately summarize the documentation is grounds for pending or returning a name. As the commenters were able to independently verify the byname, we are able to register this name.

Michael of Illiton. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Sable, in pale a wolf's head caboshed and on a tower argent a rose purpure, barbed and seeded proper.

Submitted under the name Michael Lancastreschire.

Michelle de Barrich. Name.

The documentation for the given name was not adequately summarized; a web article was cited, but no URL was provided. Normally failure to adequately summarize the documentation is grounds for pending or returning a name. Because the article cited was one written by Pelican, she was able to confirm the information, so we are able to make an exception in this case.

Odrán h-ua Clerigh. Name (see RETURNS for device).

The documentation for both parts of the name was inadequately summarized; two sources were cited but no indication was given what the sources said about the name. Had the commenters not provided independent support for the name, we would have been forced to pend or return it.

Persephone Hume of Paislie. Name and device. Or, on a heart inverted between four thistles in cross purpure a Latin cross argent.

While no examples were provided of the Greek literary name Persephone being used in England during our period, the use of the name follows the pattern of fanciful Greek and Latin origin names which were used in England during the 12th and 13th C. This pattern is discussed in Withycombe, Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names, p. xxvii, where she says:

[I]n the late 12th century and early 13th century there were probably more christian names in use than at any subsequent period until the 20th century. Some of the Old English names were still in use, there was the rich Norman stock with a sprinkling of Breton, in addition to the newly adopted saints' names which were drawn from Hebrew, Greek, Latin, and other tongues. But even this wealth of material seems not to have satisfied the eclectic taste of the period, and the oddest names are to be met with in late-12th-century records, e.g., Aliena, Antigone, Camilla, Cassandra, Celestria, Extranea, Grecia, Hodierna, Idonea, Ismenia, Juvenal, Italia, Lavina, Leda, Melodia, Norma, Oriolda, Paris, Pavia, Pharamus, Splendor.

Other examples can be found in Reaney & Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, on pp. xl-xli: Admiranda 1231-2, Amicabilis 1232-3, Argentina 1204, Bonajoia 1319, Caesaria 12th C, Clariandra 1248, Damisona a1290, Desiderata 1385, Diamanda 1221, Diana 1256, Eglentina 1213, Epicelena 1208, Estrangia 1202-3, Felicia 1208, Finepopla 1203, Fousafia 1218, Imagantia 1219, Ynstauncia 1327, Jolecia 1219, Olimpias 1207, Orabilia 1221, Philomena 1202, Plesantia 1274, Popelina 1212, Preciosa 1203, Primaveira 1226, Prudencia 1210, Splendora 1213, Topacia 1243.

Of particular relevance to the current submission are the names Antigone, Cassandra, Leda, Paris, and Olimpias, which are all found in Greek mythology. As Persephone is also a character of Greek mythology, it is plausible to assume that she was known to medieval England through the same sources.

Richard Dagg. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Talia Wynterscale. Name change from holding name Talia of the Middle.

This name combines Italian and English, which is one step from period practice.

Vivienne de la Chartreuse. Badge. (Fieldless) An ape statant vert, collared and chained Or.

NORTHSHIELD

Annora le Spindlere. Name and device. Per fess embattled azure and argent semy of roses proper, in chief a dragon couchant Or.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the per fess line slightly lower.

Aylwin MacNeill. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Elizabeth Wren. Device. Gules, on a bend argent three martlets palewise sable, in sinister chief a cinquefoil Or.

James the Smith. Name (see RETURNS for household name and PENDS for badge).

While there are a number of historical figures named James Smith, Jim Smith, or Jimmy Smith, none of them are particularly significant and none of the commenters provided evidence that any of them are important enough to protect from conflict under our current guidelines.

Nice English name!

Karel van Eyck. Name change from holding name Karel of Silfren Mere.

This does not conflict with Karl vom Acht. Acht and Eyck are significantly different in appearance, and the change in vowel sound combined with the slight change in the final consonant is sufficient to make them significantly different in sound as well.

Lucius Marius Lupus. Name and device. Per chevron argent and gules, a raven displayed sable and a wolf passant argent.

The use of a raven displayed is a step from period practice.

Mikkel Daansson. Name and device. Gules, a demi-eagle Or issuant from a ford proper.

The name does not conflict with Michael the Dane. Dane is significantly different from Daansson in sound and appearance, and thus the names do not conflict per RfS V.1.a.ii, which says "Two bynames are significantly different if they look and sound significantly different."

The device does not conflict with Constantinople, Gules, a double-headed eagle Or. Commenters complained about there being too much eagle for it to be considered a demi-eagle. Please remember that demi- does not necessarily mean exactly half in heraldry: consider a demi-sun issuant from base when displayed on an escutcheon. There is a CD for the difference between an eagle and a demi-eagle and a CD for the addition of the base.

Ragnarr Bergþórsson. Name.

Listed on the LoI as Ragnarr Berþórsson, the name was originally submitted as Ragnarr Bergþórsson and changed in kingdom to match the documentation. However, the documentation, Geirr Bassi Haraldson, The Old Norse Name, lists the patronym as Bergþórr, which means that the originally submitted form of the name was correct. We have restored the name to Ragnarr Bergþórsson in order to register it.

OUTLANDS

Alexander of Lancaster. Name (see RETURNS for device).

According to the LoI, the submitter requested authenticity for the 15th C. However, there is no mention of this authenticity request on the forms. If the submitter is interested, we can confirm that the name is authentic as submitted. Watts, The Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-Names, s.n. Lancaster notes that the modern spelling has been in use from 1262. While in the 15th C it would be more typical for an Englishman to have an inherited surname, we do have some 15th C examples of the pattern <given> of <place name> in England, including, e.g., my Lord John of Arondell mentioned in 'Historical Memoranda of John Stowe: The baptism of Prince Arthur, son of Henry VII', Three fifteenth-century chronicles: With historical memoranda by John Stowe (1880), pp. 104-105 (http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=58665&strquery=woodville).

The question was raised whether this name was a claim to be the father of Ian MacAlister of Lancaster, whose name was registered in April 1976. Such a claim would violate RfS VI.3 which says "Names that unmistakably imply identity with or close relationship to a protected person or literary character will generally not be registered." The name Alexander of Lancaster does not conflict with Alister of Lancaster because Alexander does not conflict with Alasdair and its variants:

A conflict was called against the name of Alexander MacKenzie, Prime Minister of Canada 1873-1878. While we agree this is as close as one can get, we eventually decided to side with the commenters who felt that the difference in both sound and appearance is significant enough that the names do not conflict. [Alasdair MacKenzie, 07/00, A-Atlantia]

Since Alexander of Lancaster does not conflict with Alister of Lancaster, this name is not presumptuous of Ian MacAlister of Lancaster.

Beatrice de Craie. Name.

Nice early 13th C English name!

Druisten Mac Cuilein. Name.

Submitted as Druisten Mac Cuilen, Gaelic grammar requires that Cuilen be put into the genitive case following Mac. As the February 2007 LoAR notes:

The expected genitive form for this patronym is Cuiléin; several examples of this form appear in both the Annals of Ulster, whose orthography is largely Middle Irish, and the Annals of the Four Masters, whose orthography is largely Early Modern Irish.

We have changed the name to Druisten Mac Cuilein to fix the grammar so that it can be registered.

Eoin Roy. Name (see PENDS for device).

This name combines Gaelic and Scots; this is one step from period practice.

Giovanni da Lucca. Badge. Argent, a spider within a bordure embattled azure.

Kendrick MacPherson. Name and device. Quarterly argent and vert, two Maltese crosses vert.

The device is not marshalled arms under our rules. Section XI.3.b of the Rules for Submission ends with "Charged sections must all contain charges of the same type to avoid the appearance of being different from each other." That is the case in this submission. It also implies that we allow uncharged sections of the field to exist in armory without necessarily creating the appearance of marshalling.

There were some calls to rule that the uncharged vert sections of the field were a display of Libya, Vert. Precedent says:

Quarterly azure and vert, in bend two mullets Or does not have the appearance of marshalling. The flag of Libya, Vert, is a plain tincture protected as an "important non-SCA flag". Only arms would be used in marshalling in the real world, not flags or badges. There is only an appearance of marshalling when the protected plain tincture represents "important non-SCA arms". [Murdoch Bayne, 08/2002, R-Æthelmearc]

We are upholding this precedent, so this device can be registered.

Lelien Widoeghe. Name.

Submitted as Lilje Widoeghe, the LoI documented Lilje as a Dutch word found in a collection of songs dating between 1165 and 1318. No evidence was provided that this word was ever used as a given name. The only justification provided on the LoI for the use of Lilje as a name was that it might be a variant of Lelien, found in Kees C. Nieuwenhuijsen, "Names in the Low Lands 1250-1300: High-medieval given names and bynames in The Netherlands and Flanders". However, Kees's article gives no indication that Lelien and Lilje are related. Lacking evidence that Lilje was used as a given name, or that there is a pattern of feminine given names derived from flower names in Dutch or German, Lilje cannot be registered as a given name.

The submitter lists no preferences (beyond desiring a female name). We have changed the name to Lelien Widoeghe to use the form of the given name documented on the LoI. If the submitter is more interested in the sound of the name than in having a Dutch name, we note that Lylie Widoeghe would also be registerable. The feminine given name Lylie is dated to 1296 in Reaney & Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, s.n. Liley. Names which combine English and Dutch are a step from period practice.

Muirenn Glas ingen Fháeláin. Device. Per bend sinister vert and argent, a wolf salient to sinister and a thistle counterchanged.

The device is not in conflict with Miranda Douglas of Schiehallion, Per bend sinister vert and argent, a horse's head erased, crined of flames, and two thistles conjoined pilewise counterchanged. Miranda's depiction is of a two-headed, two-stemmed thistle, not two thistles. Precedent says:

Conflict with Alison of the Many Isles, Per bend argent and azure, a thistle, slipped and leaved, proper and a needle bendwise, threaded eye to chief, argent. There is one CVD for removing the needle. Given the normal emblazon of thistles, however, wherein the leaves rather than the heads are the most visually prominent element, we could not see giving a CVD for the addition of the second head (not too dissimilarly to not granting a CVD for the difference between an eagle and a double-headed eagle). [October 1990, Katrina of Iron Mountain]

Since Miranda's 'thistles' are also a single plant with two stems and two heads, there is not a CD for change of number of charges. However, there is a CD for the change from a wolf's head to a horse's head and a CD for the change of orientation of half the primary charge group - Miranda's horse's head is facing dexter, Muirenn's wolf is facing sinister.

TRIMARIS

Barbara Reiterer. Device. Per bend sinister Or and gules, a horse's head couped contourny and a sun, a bordure counterchanged.

Deirdre ingen Donnchaid meic Chormaic. Name.

The submitter requested authenticity for 12th C Scottish Gaelic. This is the form recommended by Laurel in the return of her previous name, Dereder ingen Donnchaid meic Chormaic, in March 2008, as being authentic for this language and time period.

James Standish. Device. Quarterly sable and gules, on a cross argent a Russian firebird volant palewise head to sinister and flames issuant from base gules.

The device is a redraw of a previously submitted device. A design with identical blazon was returned on the October 2007 LoAR, which said:

Please have the submitter redraw this using an accepted form of Russian firebird. Also, please ensure that the tertiary charges (bird and flame) are of equal weight upon resubmission. Having two groups of tertiary charges on the cross would introduce a new reason for return.

The advice given there was incorrect: there are two different tertiary charge groups here: a central charge (the bird) and a peripheral charge (the flame issuant from base) are always in separate charge groups, which means this device is technically in violation of our policy against having two different tertiary charge groups on the same underlying charge.

However, it is also our policy to not punish the submitter for our errors. The previous return should not have said that it was possible to redraw it in an acceptable fashion. Since it did, and the submitter has complied with the directions given there, we are accepting this timely resubmission.

The use of a Russian firebird was declared a step from period practice on the February 2006 LoAR.

Kale Adriane. Name and device. Per saltire sable and azure, in pale two sprigs of cherries and in fess two compass stars argent.

As documented, this name had one step from period practice for the temporal disparity of greater than 300 years between the 952 date for the given name and the 1392 date for the family name. However, the feminine name Kale also appears in Maridonna Benvenuti, "Early 14th C. Byzantine Names of Macedonia". This makes Kale Adriane an excellent 14th C Byzantine Greek name.

The use of a compass star is a step from period practice.

Santiago Castañon DeAnda. Device. Sable, a phoenix Or issuant from flames proper and on a chief engrailed Or three crosses bottony gules.

Thomas von Wildtstein. Badge. (Fieldless) A stein per pale gules and sable charged with a Garamond letter "W" Or.

- Explicit littera accipiendorum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN RETURNED FOR FURTHER WORK:

ÆTHELMEARC

None.

AN TIR

An Tir, Kingdom of. Order name Company of the Shattered Lance.

This is returned for lack of documentation that Shattered Lance is a plausible name for a company. The kingdom already has registered to them the Order of the Shattered Shield, and therefore the pattern of Order of the Shattered X, where X is a tool of attack or defense, is grandfathered to them. However, this grandfathering does not extend to company names, which use different patterns of names than order names do. This would be registerable as Order of the Shattered Lance, but changing this from a company to an order has significant consequences on who is allowed to be a member, and we are reluctant to do so without explicit approval of the kingdom.

ANSTEORRA

None.

ATENVELDT

Ainaiyra al-Rashna. Name.

This name is returned for problems with the documentation and construction. First, no documentation was provided on the LoI, and none was found by the College, that Ainaiyra is a period given name in any culture. The LoI documented Ainairya (note spelling) from "Avesta: Zoroastrian Archives", but this website gives no evidence either Ainairya was used before 1600 or that, if it was, Ainaiyra is a plausible variant spelling. Lacking such evidence, neither Ainairya nor Ainaiyra is registerable.

Second, the byname al-Rashna was intended to mean 'the just'. Rashna was also documented from "Avesta: Zoroastrian Archives" as a masculine Parsi given name. Loyall notes:

The Parsi names from the submitter's source are dated to the nineteenth century; unless they can be shown to have been used in our period by another source, they are not suitable for use in the SCA.

Even if Rashna was shown to be a period masculine given name, al-Rashna is not a correct construction. Da'ud ibn Auda, "Period Arabic Names and Naming Practices", lists various laqabs ("a combination of words into a byname or epithet, usually religious, relating to nature, a descriptive, or of some admirable quality the person had (or would like to have)") of the form al-X, e.g., al-Rashid 'the Rightly-guided' and al-Fadl 'the Prominent'. These examples show that the pattern was used in Arabic, but not that it was used in Persian. Because Arabic and Persian are distinct languages with different grammar, orthography, name construction, and name pools, patterns which are plausible in one language are not necessarily plausible in the other. Lacking evidence either that Persian words were used in Arabic al-X laqabs, or that Persian used the construction al-X 'the X' to form bynames, al-Rashna would not be registerable even if Rashna was shown to be a period Persian word.

Her armory has been registered under the holding name Kelli of Tir Ysgithr.

Ascelina Alánn ingen Ailella. Badge. (Fieldless) Two dragons segreant addorsed tails pendant and entwined argent.

This device conflicts with the device of Iain Alasdair MacKenzie, Gules scaly Or, two dragons segreant addorsed argent. There is a CD for the fieldlessness, but the position of the tails is not worth difference.

Jean Michel du Tonnay. Name.

The byname du Tonnay is not grammatically correct. Tonnay is the name of a French city. This spelling can be found as early as 1212, in The Cartulary of the Monaster of St. Frideswide at Oxford, Spenser Robert Wigram, ed. In French, a locative byname based on the proper name of a city which does not begin with a definite article uses the preposition de, not du. We would change the byname to de Tonnay in order to register the name, but the submitter specifically notes that if he cannot have du Tonnay he'd prefer to have it dropped rather than changed to de Tonnay.

Unfortunately, we cannot drop the byname to register the name as Jean Michel, for two reasons. First, Jean Michel conflicts with the registered name Ian Michael. Properly pronounced, Ian has one syllable, not two, which means that the given names are not significantly different in sound. Since the bynames differ only by one letter, they are not significantly different in appearance.

Second, Jean Michel is too similar to the submitter's legal name to be registered. While both Jean and Michel differ in spelling from his legal given name and his legal surname, the change in spelling does not create a significant change in pronunciation, which is required by AH III.A.9.

His device has been registered under the holding name Jean Michel of Tir Ysgithr.

Melissa of Monster Hall. Name.

This is returned for lack of documentation that of Monster Hall is a plausible English locative byname. The LoI documented it as part of a household name registered in January 1973. However, the past registration of the household name does not provide any support for the current registerability of of Monster Hall unless the submitter is a close legal relative of the owner of the household name Monsters of Monster Hall. No evidence was provided that she is, so she cannot claim the grandfather clause:

Karl Thorgeirsson of Wolfstar. No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that Wolfstar is registerable. Wolfstar is a household name registered in December 1986. Its use here is in the form of a locative byname, but no documentation was submitted and none supplied by the commenters to suggest that it is a reasonable place name in any language compatible with the other parts of the name. If the submitter was a close legal relation (marriage, blood, or adoption) to someone who had this element registered as a byname, then it would be registerable to him via the grandfather clause. However, no documentation was submitted showing that he is eligible for the grandfather clause in this case. Barring documentation that Wolfstar is registerable as part of a name under the current rules for submission (such as via the grandfather clause or through new documentation showing it is a documented byname), it is not registerable. [LoAR 04/2008]

While the commenters were able to find examples of English place names of the form <place name in English> + hall, including Latymerhall 1360 and Stanewey halle 1430, in Sharon L. Krossa, "A Brief, Incomplete, and Rather Stopgap Article about European Household and Other Group Names Before 1600", no one was able to find any evidence that Monster is a plausible English place name. Lacking such evidence, or alternate documentation that Monster Hall is a plausible English place name, the byname of Monster Hall is not registerable without appeal to the grandfather clause.

Her device was registered under the holding name Melissa of Atenveldt. Melissa is the submitter's legal given name.

ATLANTIA

Kateryne Ferneley. Device. Per chevron vert and argent, two cats sejant guardant contourny and a fern frond counterchanged.

This device is returned for conflict with the device of Myfanwy ferch Briana, Per chevron throughout vert and argent, two compass stars and a pine tree counterchanged. Given the wide range of period stylizations of trees, we cannot give complete change of type from a pine tree to this depiction of a fern frond. Therefore, Section X.2 of the Rules for Submission does not apply, and there is only a single CD for changing the type of all the primary charges.

Rose Galen. Badge. (Fieldless) On a rose Or barbed vert a compass star purpure.

This badge conflicts with the badge of Ragnell Gry, Purpure ermined argent, a double rose Or and purpure, barbed and seeded proper. There is a CD for the fieldlessness of the new submission, but a rose is too complex to fimbriate, so X.4.j.ii cannot apply. Therefore, there is not a CD for changing only the type of the tertiary from a rose to a compass star. Precedent says that a double rose is considered a rose charged with a rose: "However, if you charge a rose with a rose of a different tincture, it is a rose with a tertiary rose whether it is blazoned as a double rose A and B or as a rose A charged with a rose B" [Melodia Shaw, 05/2007, A-Outlands].

CAID

Angels, Barony of the. Order name Order of the Cloak.

This order name was withdrawn by the submitters.

Angels, Barony of the. Order name Order of the Angels Maunch and badge. (Fieldless) A maunch Or goutty des larmes.

This order name was withdrawn by the submitters.

This badge was withdrawn by the submitters.

Angels, Barony of the. Guild name Company of the Archangels.

This conflicts with the Russian city of Archangel (English) or Arkhangelsk (Russian), which has its own entry in the on-line Encyclopedia Britannica. According to AH III.5.A. "A geographical location will be considered significant if it is associated with important administrative, social, political or military events (e.g., a capital city, the site of a major treaty or battle, etc.). Geographic locations will generally be considered significant if they appear in standard references such as an encyclopedia." Archangelsk was the chief seaport of medieval Russia, being one of the only seaports accessible to the ocean, and the first port of the Russian Empire to conduct trade with other countries. It played a significant role in the Battle of the Atlantic in World War II as one of the two destinations for Arctic Convoys bringing supplies to Russia. Given its social and political importance, the city is important enough to protect from conflict.

Christmas Caryl. Device. Gules, three slips of two holly leaves conjoined in pall inverted fructed argent.

This device is returned for conflict with the device of Ki no Torame, Gules, three holly leaves conjoined in pall and fructed argent. There is a CD for the change of arrangement for the leaves, from pall to pall inverted. There is no CD for changing the number of the leaves: Christmas's pairs of leaves are nearly entirely overlapping, presenting the appearance of three single leaves. Other than the inversion of the leaves, these two pieces of armory appear identical.

Niese Feyken Otter. Device. Per fess azure and vert, on a fess cotised argent two otters in annulo proper.

This device is returned for the unrecognizability of the tertiary charges. As drawn, only one commenter recognized them as mustelids. Many commenters thought that this was "a bat on a roundel". We are, therefore, returning this device for violating Section VII.7.a of the Rules for Submission, which says that "Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance."

Ránulfr Þorfinnsson. Device. Vert, a horse's head couped contourny and on a point pointed argent a flame gules, a bordure counterchanged.

This is returned for a redraw. The section in base blurs the line between per chevron and a point pointed. The submitter should draw it either as a per chevron line, which divides the field into two equally spaced areas, or as a point pointed, which would come up to roughly the top of where the flame is depicted on this submission and which in period would also have had ployé (concave) edges.

Laurel has previously ruled that bordures cannot be counterchanged across ordinaries other than a chief. If the submitter chooses to resubmit with a point pointed, he should provide examples that bordures were counterchanged over charged bases and/or points in period.

CALONTIR

Isibel Hallberudottir. Device. Purpure, a winged tyger rampant contourny argent within a bordure dovetailed Or.

The device is returned for a redraw. Commenters were unable to identify the primary charge as a winged tyger, citing the shape of the head, the long fluffy tail, the bird-like feet, and the small size of the beak. Therefore, this is returned for violating section VII.7.a of the Rules for Submission, which requires that "Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance."

Properly drawn, this would be clear of Robin Christophe Griffaud, Purpure, a griffin, couped at the breast, wings elevated and addorsed contourney argent, within a bordure embattled Or. There is X.2 difference between a demi-griffin and a winged tyger.

Johanne of Fisher Gate. Badge. (Fieldless) On a woolpack palewise Or a thistle proper.

This badge conflicts with the device of La Rana, Vert, on a cushion Or, a frog sejant affronty vert, crowned Or. There is a CD for the lack of a field. There is no difference between a cushion and a woolpack. Since a woolpack is not simple enough in outline to void, changing only the type of the tertiary charge, from a frog to a thistle, is insufficient for a second CD.

Stefan of Reading. Device. Argent, a badger rampant sable marked argent and a ford proper.

This is being returned for lack of contrast. When a charge is blazoned "marked" of another tincture, the markings carry no difference but are still extensive enough to require blazon, as in the following case:

[a badger rampant sable] The badger was originally blazoned as sable marked argent, but it is predominantly sable with only a few small argent details. We generally do not blazon a charge as "marked" when the marking details are so small. In addition, we might mistakenly give the impression that large portions of the badger (such as its underside) are argent, which might lead to emblazons that have inadequate contrast with the argent field. [Gareth Craig, 08/03, A-Æthelmearc]

However, in this submission, the entire top of the badger's head is argent. Since this portion of the head lies against an argent field, identifiability of the charge is compromised. We also note that the argent markings here are not those one would expect for a badger. On resubmission, either a solid black badger, or one whose argent markings have less contact with the field, should be acceptable.

Úlfkell {o,}lfúss. Device. Vair, a wolf rampant maintaining in his dexter paw a tankard, a base sable.

The device is returned for conflict with the device of Philip Dyemoke, Potent, a wolf rampant sable. There is a single CD for the addition of the sable base.

Please inform the submitter that, on resubmission, he should be aware that there are issues with contrast in this depiction: the majority of the identifying characteristics of the sable wolf were on the azure portions of the field. Were this device not returned for conflict, it may have been returned for lack of contrast and/or identifiability. The submitter should note that vair, vair en pointe, potent, and vair ancient are all period artistic variants of each other, so we do not grant difference between them, but that changing the color of the individual traits of the field (e.g., Vairy Or and gules) is considered to yield a different tincture.

DRACHENWALD

Nordmark, Principality of. Badge. (Fieldless) A chevron couped argent.

We can do no better but to quote the return of Elizabeth Turner de Carlisle's badge submission (Fieldless) A chevronel couped argent, from October 2008:

Conflict with Thomas Quilliam, Azure, a carpenter's square, point to chief argent. There is one CD for the difference between a fielded and a fieldless design, but nothing for the difference between a carpenter's square in this arrangement and a chevron couped.

Elizabeth's submission was equivalent to the current submission: we do not grant difference between a chevron and a chevronel.

EAST

Elisabeth Borden of Kent. Device. Azure, in saltire two candles burning at both ends between four tau crosses argent.

The device is returned for conflict with Francesco Gaetano Greco d'Edessa, Azure, two batons in saltire between four crosses crosslet argent. There is a CD for the change from crosses crosslet to tau crosses, but the flames at the ends of the candles are not sufficient for the second CD when compared to batons.

Additionally, many commenters were unable to identify the "candles burning at both ends" If the submitter chooses to resubmit a design using candles, the flames should be drawn much more prominently.

Commenters were concerned about possible obtrusive modernity, based on a poem about another Elizabeth Borden which includes the phrase "forty whacks." The visual pun of "Four T Wax" in the submission, when combined with the name, was the basis for complaint. Fortunately, we do not have to rule on this question at this time. If the submitter chooses to resubmit this or a similar design, she should address the issue of why she feels that the combination of the name and the armory is not obtrusively modern.

GLEANN ABHANN

Dametta of Arundel and Margery of Crossgate. Badge. Purpure, a griffin ermine maintaining in its dexter foreclaw a cross patonce argent, a bordure gyronny argent and sable.

This badge is returned for a redraw. The ermine spots on the griffin are so small that they are not recognizable from any distance.

Séarlas Mac Connmhaigh. Device. Per pale sable and gules, a stag's head erased and on a chief argent two rapiers, points crossed in saltire, gules and sable.

This device is returned for the use of chasing, also called adumbriation: the use of an ouline of color to create a charge which appears to be voided. The hilt guards of the rapiers are simply outlines, not solid cups. Were they wire-frame hilts, the grip would show through. Chasing has been banned since the tenure of Wilhelm von Schlüssel:

Umbration, or adumbration, is known in SCA armory as "chasing." "Chased means voided but with the interior details and lines still showing as well as the outline." (WvS, 22 Jan 80, p.3; in Prec III:14) The practice was disallowed in April 1982, as part of the general ban on "thin-line heraldry" that also restricted voiding and fimbriation. [9 Mar 86, p.13]

As this design creates the appearance of voiding a complex charge or charging the hilts with an unidentifiable tertiary, both of which violate the rules for submission, this must be returned for a redraw rather than fixed with an artist's note.

Please advise the submitter to either color in the entire cup hilt or to draw the grip showing through the entirety of a wire-frame hilt.

LOCHAC

Bj{o,}rn Svartsson. Device. Quarterly vert and argent, in bend sinister a thistle proper and a longship sable.

This device is returned for violating our ban on marshalled armory. Section XI.3.a of the Rules for Submission says that a quarterly field division "may be used with identical charges over the entire field, or with complex lines of partition or charges overall that were not used for marshalling in period heraldry." The thistle and longship are not identical, nor is there a complex line of division or a suitable overall charge to remove the appearance of marshalling.

MERIDIES

Griffin Ó Suaird. Augmentation. Or, a griffin segreant sable, a bordure vert decrescenty Or, and for augmentation a canton overall sable charged with three mullets one and two argent.

Blazoned on the Letter of Intent as increscents (which have their points to dexter, i.e., facing to the viewer's left), the charges on the bordure are actually decrescents (with their points to sinister, i.e., facing the viewer's right, like a letter "C"). The charges on the bordure of Griffin's registered device are increscents. As a result, this submission would be both a device change and an augmentation of arms. According to the October 2003 Cover Letter, under "Augmentations and General Paperwork":

If a person's device changes at the same time that an augmentation is added, the armorial changes need to be performed in two separate submissions actions, each with its own set of submission forms: one for the change of the device (without the augmentation) and one depicting the changed device and adding the augmentation: "... as we protect both the augmented arms and the unaugmented arms, a device change and an augmentation must be submitted as two separate actions" (LoAR October 2000).

We are, therefore, returning this submission because it is not an augmentation of the submitter's registered device and there is no corresponding device change.

Kjartan kjalki Kolgrimsson. Device. Or, two goats dismembered combatant vert, between in pale a valknut and a valknut inverted gules.

This device is returned for a redraw. A valknut is a period artistic design, rather than a period heraldic charge. It is registerable but, as with any other charge, it must be recognizable. The SCA has adopted the 'voided' form of the valknut, which has some space between the interlaced triangles, not the tightly woven version seen here, because the voided version is recognizable and the 'solid' version is usually not. Precedent set in 2006 explicitly disallows this non-voided style of valknut:

For purposes of SCA heraldry, a valknut is three voided triangles interlaced. The triangles in the submitted emblazon are not voided, nor are they really interlaced. The triangles are fracted (broken) in various places and the "voiding" is a thin line, abstract design on a non-identifiable underlying charge. This is also sufficient grounds for return. [Feb 2006 - Rau{th}úlfr inn Or{th}stóri]

On resubmission, the submitter should also draw the dismembered goats using medieval dismembering. Legh's Accedens of Armory, 1576, fo.48v, shows a lion dismembered. The severings are done at the middle of the hind feet, the tops of the forelegs, the breast just below the mane (and just before where the forefeet would attach), and the middle of the tail. There may be other period depictions as well. The most important point is that the severed parts aren't shifted from where they would be if the lion were whole.

Máel Coluim mac Dearbhóg. Name.

This name is returned for lack of documentation that the byname mac Dearbhóg follows a pattern of period Gaelic bynames. Dearbhóg was documented from Room, A Dictionary of Irish Place-Names, p. 46 as a Gaelic form of the place name Dervock. The byname mac Dearbhóg was intended to be a locative byname meaning 'from Dervock'. Unfortunately, there are two problems with the proposed byname.

First, no documentation was provided, and none could be found by the commenters, that Dearbhóg is a period Gaelic name of the city. In fact, the earliest reference to Dervock that anyone could find is from 1646. James Seaton Reid, The History of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland, p. 369, notes that there was a Presbyterian congregation in Dervock by 1646. It's quite likely that Dervock is an anglicized form of Dearbhóg, but this citation does not demonstrate that the city existed in our period and doesn't give the Gaelic form of the name.

Second, as the LoI notes, locative bynames in Gaelic based on the names of cities, towns, and villages were not formed by using mac 'son', but rather by putting the place name into the genitive case without any addition preposition or particle.

Unfortunately, we cannot recommend any alternatives to mac Dearbhóg, other than something completely unrelated, and so we are forced to return this name.

His armory has been registered under the holding name Máel Coluim of the Osprey.

Santesa da Vale. Device. Gules, a chevron between three dragonflies argent.

This lovely device, unfortunately, conflicts with the device of Merevyn Hanley of Myrkfaelinn, Gules, a chevron between two pairs of candles in saltire argent, enflamed Or, and a squirrel sejant erect argent, maintaining in both forepaws an acorn Or. The candles in saltire on Merevyn's device appear, from any distance, to be nothing more than saltorels (saltires couped), since the flames entirely disappear into the field. This means there is a single CD for the change of type of the secondary charges, from saltorels-and-squirrel to dragonflies.

The submitter has permission to conflict with the device of Cuhelyn Cam vap Morcant, Gules, a chevron between three crosses crosslet argent.

Tomas de Castilla. Name.

Conflict with Thomas de Castellan. When properly pronounced, Castilla and Castellan are significantly different in sound, but they are not significantly different in appearance, and so these conflict per RfS V.1.a.ii. Thomas de Castellan has declined to give permission to conflict, so we suggest that the submitter might consider adding a patronymic byname from Juliana de Luna, "Spanish Names from the Late 15th Century", the source used to document the rest of the name. For example, Tomas Perez de Castilla, using the standard patronymic byname based on the given name Pedro, one of the most common given names found in Juliana's article, would be an excellent 15th century Spanish name.

His device has been registered under the holding name Tomas of Sol Haven.

Tommaso Ventoliere. Name.

The byname Ventoliere was documented from Fucilla, Our Italian Surnames, as a military name meaning 'soldier of fortune'. Fucilla is not a reliable source for medieval Italian bynames, as noted on the July 2005 LoAR:

The byname was an undated name found in Fucilla. If a name appears undated in Fucilla, we must assume it is modern. Precedent notes:

The problem with Fucilla is that there are few, if any, dates in this source. So, in most instances, it is not possible to tell simply from reading the entry in Fucilla if the name is period or not. [Anastasia Lavandoli, 12/01, R-Artemisia]

In many cases, a name documented from Fucilla can also be found in other sources. In other cases, a pattern of similar names can be documented. In this case, though, the College was unable to find evidence of Ventoliere in any source other than Fucilla. The commenters were also unable to find any pattern of similar names, or any evidence that the word ventoliere was used in period except in a poetic sense. Lacking such evidence, Ventoliere is not registerable.

MIDDLE

Anastasia von der Wilgenhalle. Device change. Per pall inverted arrondi argent, sable, and ermine, a triskele throughout azure and in dexter chief a trillium inverted sable.

In November 2006, Laurel returned this submission without the triskele, saying:

This device is returned for lack of identifiability of the field division. The use of an argent and ermine on the field, without an ordinary to separate them, is not allowed as the two portions of the field blend together. This is true of any ermine-type fur and its base tincture (e.g., ermine and argent, pean and sable, or argent ermined gules and argent).

The submitter has attempted to fix this issue by adding the triskele throughout. However, a triskele, which is an SCA invention, is not an ordinary, even when throughout, and cannot be used to resolve this problem.

Bronwen of Brightoaks. Badge. (Fieldless) On a Catherine's wheel sable, a catamount's head cabossed Or.

This badge is returned for multiple conflicts.

The submission conflicts with a badge of the Barony of al-Barran, (Fieldless) A wheel sable charged with a doe lodged guardant Or. There is a CD for fieldlessness, but nothing for the change of type only of the tertiary charge. A Catherine's wheel is not suitable for purposes of X.4.j.ii, and no difference is granted for the change of type of wheel. Returning the badge of Katherine Aylwyn de Chaliers, (Fieldless) A Catherine's wheel Or, Laurel noted:

This conflicts with Laszlo Rozsa as cited on the LoI, Per fess azure and gules, a wheel Or., with one CD for the field, and nothing for the difference between a wheel and a Catherine's wheel. [Katherine Aylwyn de Chaliers, 03/1993, R-East]

The submission also conflicts with the badge of Gwendolyn of Amberwood, (Fieldless) On a cogwheel sable a lantern Or enflamed proper, with a single CD for fieldlessness. Again, there is no CD for changing the type only of the tertiary charge, nor is there a CD for the change of type of wheel, based on the return of Caterine Barré de Venoix's device, Barry azure and Or, a Catherine's wheel gules, which states:

This conflicts with Iathus of Scara (SCA), Ermine, a cog wheel gules, with just one CD for the field. [Caterine Barré de Venoix, 01/1998, R-Caid]

Catriona Fionnaghal nic Elphinstone. Badge. (Fieldless) A hedgehog passant to sinister sable.

This is returned for conflict with Elrik Skap-Vargr, (Fieldless) A hedgehog statant contourny proper. Elrik's hedgehog is more than half sable with a brown belly and legs. There is a CD for the fieldless design, but no CD for changing the tincture of less than half the charge. As always, the difference between the passant and statant postures is not considered significant.

Connor MacGrath. Device. Gules, a six-sided coffin within an orle of scythes bendwise Or.

This device is returned for using a non-period depiction of a coffin. Precedent states:

Coffins have only been registered twice in the SCA, the last time in 1985. The coffins in this submission, as in the previous submissions, are six-sided shapes following the outline of the top of a hexagonal coffin palewise. Thus, the basemost side ("foot") is narrower than the chiefmost side ("head") and the wide point separating the other four sides is at shoulder height. A number of commenters asked whether this was a period coffin shape and whether coffins were found in period heraldry.

No evidence was presented, and none could be found, for coffins as charges in period heraldry. Given the wide diversity of constructed items found in period heraldry, a coffin should be an acceptable charge as long as it is drawn so that it would be recognizable to a period viewer as a coffin.

No evidence was presented, and none could be found, that the shape in this submission was a period coffin shape. Some documentation for coffins was found, consisting of pictures of coffins in illuminated manuscripts showing funeral services, pictures of existing funeral palls in embroidery references (used for draping over a coffin), and a description of one existing child's coffin c. 1400. These references all showed coffins with four-sided tops. The tops were mostly rectangular, but some coffins had trapezoidal tops, so that the "head" was wider than the "foot". Without documentation for the shape of coffin in this submission, it may not be registered.

The coffins in illustrations of funeral services were all shown from the side (during the service, or carried by pallbearers). The top-only view of the previous coffin registrations therefore seems somewhat unlikely. Future attempts to register coffins should not only address the shape of a period coffin, but should address how a period coffin would be drawn so that a period viewer would recognize it as a coffin (rather than another sort of box or chest). [Constance MacLeod, 02/02, R-Ansteorra]

The arrangement of the scythes is also problematic. Charges placed around the edge of the field should show some space between the charge and the edge of the field. Bordures are distinct in that while they are ordinaries and we commonly blazon charges as being in [ordinary], we do not describe charges as being in bordure. Rather, we use the term in orle. Any resubmission using the same motif should have the charges in orle arranged properly, with some space between them and the edges of the field.

Cynwrig ap Lewelyn. Device. Or, a wyvern erect sable and on a chief nebuly azure a leek fesswise argent.

This device is returned for a redraw. Commenters were unable to recognize the leek. Section VII.7.a of the Rules for Submission requires that "Elements must be recognizable solely from appearance." Commenters mentioned that leeks do not have such a prominent bulge at the root end, nor are they usually depicted with the leaves folded over, as seen in the submission.

Dainéal O'Riain of Kelkenny. Name.

This is being returned for multiple problems.

First, the given name Dainéal was documented from an unidentified source, Book of Irish Names First Family & Place Names. No dates were given for Dainéal in this source, and none of the commenters were able to confirm that Dainéal is a period Gaelic form of the name. Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals", gives Daniél as the Old and Middle Irish spelling of Daniel, with examples between 659 and 1264.

Second, the byname O'Riain violates RfS III.1.a Linguistic Consistency by combining English O' with Gaelic Riain. We cannot change the byname to a wholly English or wholly Gaelic form, because this would involve changing the language of an element. Changing the language of an element is a major change, and the submitter does not allow major changes. This problem is likewise grounds for return by itself.

Third, the forms indicate that the second byname was originally submitted as of Kilkenny. No mention of the change from Kilkenny to Kelkenny was made on the LoI. As stated on the June 2008 Cover Letter, "if information about changes made in kingdom is not provided in OSCAR, this omission will result in names being pended until the information is received, and systematic failure to provide this information will result in names being administratively returned." Had this name not had other problems which were grounds for return, we would have been forced to pend this name in order for Rouge Scarpe to provide this missing information.

Desiderata del Rio. Device. Per pale argent and azure, a winged wolf's head erased affronty wings displayed counterchanged sable and argent, in base three lozenges two and one and on a chief inclaved counterchanged a winged wolf's head erased ululant argent and a winged wolf's head erased ululant contourny sable.

This device is returned for multiple reasons.

First, the primary charge is unrecognizable. Section VII.7.1 of the Rules for Submission requires that "Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance." Neither the commenters nor those present at the decision meeting could tell what the winged charge was supposed to be. This unrecognizability may be due to the usual expectation of a head affronty being cabossed. The submitted charge has what might be considered a neck, but it also has other, smaller projections between the wings and the neck, which reduce the identifiability of the charge. At least one commenter thought the charge was wearing a crown. Several commenters thought the charge was an owl displayed. The neck and erasing is also drawn in a non-standard fashion.

Second, the device uses a post-period charge: the chief inclaved. The documentation submitted for this charge is from Pimbley's Dictionary of Heraldry, which was published in 1908. The Oxford English Dictionary lists the word "inclave" as an "obsolete form of enclave". The earliest citation of "enclave" with an heraldic meaning found in the OED is from 1661, 11 years past our gray period, and the item is defined as "of the border of an ordinary: having a contour like that of a dovetail joint. And then later, 'the same as pattee or dovetailed'". One heraldry manual, from the 18th century, says that "Guillim and Leigh [two heraldry manuals, one from period, the other just post period] maintain, that ... the chief ... cannot be cut asunder and divided into halves". We are forced to conclude that the chief inclaved as depicted by the submitter is a post-period invention. Since it is post period, it is not registerable in the SCA.

There were suggestions that we could blazon this design as a canton and a sinister canton. This interpretation is not possible: even if these could be considered to be proper cantons, charged cantons are reserved for augmentations of arms. As the submitter has not demonstrated entitlement for an augmentation of arms, her device may not include a charged canton.

The submitter has asked us, if this device is not registerable as drawn, to register it with a standard chief. We are unable to comply with this request. We register the emblazon, not the blazon: the picture on the form the client sends to us is the definitive version of their armory, the description is changed as necessary. We do not change the picture on the forms. Were we able to make this change to the emblazon, it would not make this device registerable, as the primary charge would still be unidentifiable.

Please inform the submitter that the use of wolf's heads ululant is a step from period practice.

Drogo Greydere of Nottinghamshire. Device. Or, a brown stag rampant proper winged sable, a tierce sable estencelly Or.

The device is returned for charging the tierce. The Feb 1991 LoAR Cover Letter states, "...on and after June 1, 1991, the College will no longer register charged sides or tierces." The tierce is not pean, it is charged with the two-and-one version of estencelly, which is lots of groups of three roundels. Ermine spots would, in their usual depiction, have the roundels one-and-two, and would have some sort of tail.

Please instruct the submitter that winged stags are monsters and, if he wishes to resubmit a similar design, he should address the following precedent forbidding brown monsters, discussing why it should be overturned or does not apply:

[returning a winged and antlered brown hare proper] While you can have a brown rabbit, since rabbits are found to be brown in nature, no evidence has been presented for winged rabbits in any color, let alone brown. (Ciar Teaghlaich Tuaigh Reul, 2/97 p. 23)

Drogo Greydere of Nottinghamshire. Badge. Azure, a winged compass rose Or.

The badge is returned for multiple conflicts. Normally, adding wings to a charge would give it a CD when considered against the un-winged version; the wings in this submission are not large enough to count for difference. Therefore, this badge is in conflict with both the device of Alexandre sur la Mer, Azure, a compass rose argent, with a CD for the change of tincture of the primary charge, and with the badge of Walter de Witte, Sable, a compass rose Or, with one CD for the field.

It is also a conflict with the device of Aurelia Kaloethes, Azure semy of compass stars argent, a compass-rose Or, and with the device of Rufus MacDaniel, Azure, a compass rose and a chief enarched Or. Each design has only one CD for removal of the secondary charges.

It also conflicts with the badge of Darius of the Bells, (Fieldless) A mullet of four points within and conjoined to an annulet Or. There is a CD for fieldlessness, but that is the only CD. Mullets of four points and compass stars are not worth a CD for change of type. Since a compass rose is identical to a compass star within and conjoined to an annulet with a miniature fleur-de-lys added, the only difference between the two is the addition of the four minor points, which do not add difference, the addition of the fleur-de-lys, which has long been considered to not count for difference, and the addition of the wings, which we have already stated are too small to count for difference.

All of these conflicts would be clear were the wings large enough to count for difference, though this change may introduce other conflicts.

Elo de Luna. Device. Sable, in cross a plate between four crescents, horns outward, argent.

This device conflicts with the device of Sean Macarailt of Sandyhume, Sable, an increscent argent, with one CD for adding four charges to the primary charge group. The fact that the added charges are not increscents is irrelevant; addition of charges is a single CD, regardless of their type.

The device also conflicts with the device of Sati al-Isfahaniyya, Purpure, in cross a butterfly between four crescents horns outward argent. There is one CD for changing the field, but no difference for changing the type of only one of five co-primary charges.

This device is clear of Caid's badge for the Arts and Sciences Pentathlon, (Fieldless) Five crescents conjoined in annulo horns outward argent. There is a CD for the field and a CD for the difference between five charges in annulo and five charges in cross.

Helena Sibylla. Device. Vert semy-de-lys argent.

This lovely device conflicts with the badge of Bohémond le Sinistre, Sable semy-de-lys argent. There's a single CD for the change of the field tincture.

Jadwiga Wlodzis{l/}awska. Device. Purpure, on a double-headed eagle Or an escutcheon gules.

The device conflicts with the device of Fevronia Murometsa, Azure, on the breast of an owl displayed Or a Russian Orthodox cross gules, with a single CD for the change to the field. There is no difference between an owl displayed and an eagle displayed, based on the January 2000 Cover Letter:

The new solution to the problem is to sacrifice some of the theoretical purity of separation of type and posture. Because only eagles among birds are attested as displayed in period, any other bird in a displayed posture will be compared to any bird in a displayed posture usuing [sic] the visual test of rule X.4.e for non-period charges. Thus there will not be a CD between an owl displayed and an eagle displayed, because they are too visually similar, but there will be a CD between an owl displayed and a penguin displayed, because there is still significant visual difference. Additionally any bird other than an eagle in a displayed posture will be considered a "weirdness" [step from standard period practice]. (emphasis added)

Since an eagle is not a suitable underlying charge for purposes of RfS X.4.j.ii, there is also no CD for change to type only of the tertiary.

Jean Baptiste De Chartres. Device (see PENDS for name). Argent, within a pile voided surmounted by a pile inverted voided sable, a cross formy gules, in chief two fleurs-de-lys azure.

This device is returned for a redesign. The item blazoned as a pile voided is not. While we relaxed the restrictions on piles on the August 2008 LoAR, piles must still issue from chief: they must not issue from the corner of the shield. Commenters suggested that this design also cannot be blazoned as a chevronel inverted, since chevronels should issue from the sides of the field, not the corners. Since this charge issues from the corners, it is not possible to blazon it - it follows the line that we would expect from chaussé, except that chaussé is a field division and cannot be voided. Section VII.7.b of the Rules for Submission requires that "Any element used in Society armory must be describable in standard heraldic terms so that a competent heraldic artist can reproduce the armory solely from the blazon. Elements that cannot be described in such a way that the depiction of the armory will remain consistent may not be used." As this charge is not describable, as required by the Rules for Submissions, this submission must be returned.

Jesmond Black. Device change. Argent, a chevron gules between three stag's heads erased sable.

Unfortunately, this lovely device conflicts with the device of Cynwrig Cynydd, Argent, a chevron gules between two mullets of six points voided and interlaced and a greyhound statant sable (reblazoned elsewhere on this letter), with only the one CD for the change of type of secondaries, from mullets-and-greyhound to stag's heads.

Michael Lancastreschire. Name.

Conflict with Michael of Lancaster. The addition of -shire is not a significant addition, as past precedent has ruled:

[Elizabeth of Yorkshire] Conflict with Elizabeth of York, wife of Henry VII, Queen of England. Addition of the designator "shire" is not sufficient. (LoAR 11/91 p. 18).

Similarly, the bynames Lancastreschire and of Lancaster are considered equivalent for purposes of conflict.

His device has been registered under the holding name Michael of Illiton.

Obata Kenjirou Torashi. Name and device. Sable, a hare salient within an increscent argent.

The only documentation for the name provided on the LoI was the statement "All name elements from 'Name Construction in Medieval Japan'", followed by page numbers for each element. This is not an adequate summary of the documentation because it does not give sufficient bibliography information for the source (both the author and the edition are lacking) and it fails to provide the commenters with information about what the source says about each element, such as dates, the type of each element (e.g., family name, given name, etc.), or support for the construction. Failure to provide an adequate summary of the documentation is by itself grounds for return.

The commenters provided some further information about the elements of the name. The surname Obata is dated to 1600 in the "Historical Surnames" section of the 1999 edition of Solveig Throndardottir, "Name Construction in Medieval Japan". The yobina Kenjirou can be justified as a constructed yobina. The yobina Jirou "second son" is dated to 1568 and 1600, and the yobina Kentarou is dated to 1600. The element tarou means "first son". While Solveig doesn't have any examples of Kenjirou, it seems plausible given the examples of both Jirou and Kentarou.

The element Torashi is problematic, however. It combines a Japanese reading of a Kanji character, tora-, with a Chinese reading of a Kanji character, -shi. Japanese does not combine Japanese and Chinese readings of characters in the same word, which means that Torashi is not a plausible nanori, and, barring alternative documentation, it is not registerable.

Because the submitter does not allow any changes, we cannot drop Torashi to register the name as Obata Kenjirou.

This device is returned for multiple reasons.

The hare is in an unblazonable posture, neither truly salient or courant. Courant beasts are depicted with their body horizontal. Salient beasts are usually diagonal, but usually with the body within 45 degrees of vertical. The beast here is truly in neither posture, but somewhere in between. Since it is on a diagonal, we are blazoning it as salient.

The device is also returned for blurring the distinction between a crescent bendwise and an increscent. The depiction of the charge falls between the two orientations. Since it is closest to an increscent, we are blazoning it that way.

Treated as a hare salient within a crescent in any orientation, the device conflicts with the device of Boniface de Tennequay, Sable, a coney rampant argent maintaining a torch Or. There is a CD for adding the secondary crescent, but no difference for salient versus rampant.

Were this drawn as a hare salient within a crescent bendwise, this device would not conflict with the badge of Ichijo Honen, Sable a crescent bendwise within its horns a Japanese crane displayed benwise argent. By our rules, the creature in the center is the primary charge, which means the two devices differ by X.2.

Properly drawn with an increscent, this device would not technically be in conflict with the device of Sean Macarailt of Sandyhume, Sable, an increscent argent. By our rules, the hare is the primary charge, so these are clear by X.2.

Please inform the submitter that any resubmission of this design should have the crescent and the hare clearly drawn in standard, blazonable orientations and that the hare should be drawn in proper heraldic style. Several commenters complained about the hare being in trian aspect and found the dismembered ears to not match period style. On resubmission, the hare should be drawn clearly facing affronty, to dexter, or to sinister.

Odrán h-ua Clerigh. Device. Argent, a brown otter statant erect affronty proper, maintaining by the blade a sword bendwise sinister inverted argent, between flaunches vert.

This device is returned for contrast issues. Maintained charges do not count for difference, but they must have some contrast with their background. The argent sword overlaps the argent field, which renders it unidentifiable.

Please inform the submitter that, on resubmission, he may wish to choose a different creature or a different posture. While half of the commenters thought it was "some sort of weasel-like creature", which is sufficient for heraldic purposes, the other half felt that the charge was not recognizable. Any re-drawing should be carefully done, since the unusual posture (for an otter) makes the charge difficult to recognize even with a perfect drawing.

Old St. George, College of. Branch name.

There are two problems with this name, each of which is reason for return.

First, we have long not registered scribal abbreviations such as St.:

Renault du Mont St-Michel. Name. This name uses the scribal abbreviation St (for Saint). However, we do not register scribal abbreviations. We would register this name as Renault du Mont Saint-Michel, but the submitter will not accept any changes. Therefore, we are forced to return this name. [LoAR 08/2006, Ansteorra-R]

We cannot expand St. to Saint in this name because the submitters also do not accept any changes.

Second, this conflicts with the Canton of Saint Georges. RfS V.2.c. Conflict of Names with Different Numbers of Elements says "Two non-personal names with different numbers of descriptive elements conflict if the only difference in the descriptive parts is the addition of one or more modifiers to a single, already modified root element." In the submitted name, the root element is George, which is modified first by Saint and then by Old. George and Georges are insignificantly different, which means that the only difference between College of Old Saint George and Canton of Saint Georges is the addition of the modifier Old to a single, already modified root element. Thus, these names conflict.

Rhianna Collier of Nottinghamshire. Name.

The name Rhianna was ruled unregisterable over 10 years ago:

Rhianna is not a documented name (not even the submitter's documentation gave this form) and has been returned before for lack of evidence of its use. [Atenveldt-R, 06/1995].

No new documentation was provided with this submission. The LoI documented Rhianna by citing five previous registrations of the name, the most recent of which dates from 1984. Citations of previous registrations, on their own, have not been and continue not to be sufficient to demonstrate current registerability.

Richard Dagg. Device. Argent, in annulo a dragon courant sable and a natural dolphin azure.

This device is returned for violating our ban on inverted creatures. The reasons for the ban are the difficulty in identifying the inverted creature, and the lack of evidence that inverting creatures is a period heraldic practice. While we will sometimes make exceptions to this ban for creatures in annulo, we allow the exception because the upright creatures aid in the identification of the inverted ones. Since the charges in annulo in this submission are not of similar types, there can be no aid in identification of the inverted creature. Therefore, we will not make an exception to the prohibition on inverted creatures for this submission.

Thomas der Kreuzfahrer. Badge. (Fieldless) On a bear passant argent, a Latin cross gules.

This badge is returned for violating our protection of the symbol of the International Red Cross.

The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) symbol is defined by an image, not in words. See Article 3 of http://www.icrc.org/ihl.nsf/FULL/472?OpenDocument - "Annex I (to the Protocol I) : Regulations concerning identification (as of 6 June 1977)". To protect this symbol, the SCA forbids the use of "A single gules cross couped on any argent background or in any way that could be displayed on an argent background (such as a fieldless badge)". In addition, in July of 2006, this protection was extended, stating that "The use of multiple gules crosses couped may be returned on a case-by-case basis if their placement or usage appears too evocative of the symbol of the Red Cross."

We note that the restricted charge is not a cross couped gules but a single gules cross couped. The former is a heraldic term of art; the latter is a plain English description of a restriction. Given that this phrasing is confusing, we are re-defining the protection as follows: "The use of a red straight armed cross with flat, couped ends to the arms on any white background, or in any way that could be displayed on a white background, including as a tertiary charge, is prohibited, even if some of the arms are elongated so that it is not blazonable exactly as a cross couped gules".

The registerability of multiple gules crosses couped on argent backgrounds or which can be displayed on argent backgrounds is still to be determined on a case-by-case basis.

NORTHSHIELD

Aylwin MacNeill. Device. Azure, on a chevron between two quivers of arrows and a stag at gaze Or, three triquetras azure.

The device conflicts with the device of Santine Westmerland of Ravenstonedale, Azure, on a chevron between three bees Or, three fleurs-de-lis azure. There is only one CD, for the change in type of the secondary charges from bees to quivers-and-stag. This submission is not eligible for X.4.j.ii because there are more than two types of charges on the field. Therefore, there is not a CD for the change of only the type of the tertiary charges.

James the Smith. Household name House of Trinity.

This conflicts with the Trinity College, the name of institutions in Dublin, Oxford, and Cambridge, all of which were founded in our period and continue to be important enough to be protected from conflict.

Additionally, the name House of Trinity does not follow the documented exemplars provided on the LoI, Trinitie College (in Cambridgeshire) 1546, Trinitie College (in Oxfordshire) 1555, and Trinitie Hall 1350, all appearing in Mari Elspeth nic Bryan and Juliana de Luna, "Names of English Colleges". These examples support Trinity House, but not House of Trinity or House Trinity.

OUTLANDS

Alexander of Lancaster. Device. Argent semy of roses sable barbed vert seeded Or.

This device conflicts with the device of Angus de Botha, Argent, three roses in fess sable. There is only a single CD for the change from three to semy; we do not usually grant a CD for arrangement against semy charges.

This device is also a conflict with the device of Johanna von Nürnberg, Bendy argent semy of roses sable and gules, There is a single CD for the change to the field, but the semy of sable roses are the primary charge group in each device.

Muiredach MacGregor. Device. Vair, a cross arrondi gules.

This conflicts with the flag of England, Argent, a cross gules. There is a single CD for changing the field. There is no CD between a cross throughout and a cross arrondi. The cross arrondi is not a period heraldic cross; it is based on the symbols depicted on some of the shields on the Bayeaux Tapestry, so we cannot use our standards of comparing two period styles of cross. Since we sometimes see period examples of crosses drawn arrondi when they are intended to be plain crosses throughout, we will not grant difference for a cross versus a cross arrondi.

TRIMARIS

Haakon Bjornsson. Release of household name Gulloxarmannakyn.

This release is returned for administrative reasons. The letter releasing the household name was not signed. Just as we require an actual signature for letters of permission to conflict, we also require them for letters of release.

Trimaris, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Gull Ox Herald.

This is a resubmission of the title Gull Øx Herald, which was returned March 2008 with the following comment:

This is a direct conflict with the household name Gulløxarmannakyn, registered February 1997. While the submitters have a letter of permission to conflict from the owner of this name, Haakon Bjornsson, the element -mannakyn is the designator, and the -ar- is a necessary grammatical addition. Because designators and spelling changes necessitated by grammar do not count for difference, these names are functionally identical. We do not register identical names (functional or otherwise), even with letters of permission to conflict.

The kingdom resubmitted the title with a letter from Haakon Bjornsson releasing Gulloxarmannakyn on the condition that the heraldic title was registered. However, that release was returned earlier on this letter. We are thus forced to return this heraldic title again, for conflict with Gulløxarmannakyn.

Commentary on this submission raised a second issue, which is also reason for return. The title was documented as Old Norse, but no evidence was provided for the use of heraldic titles in Old Norse. Just as we require household names to document the pattern that they follow in the language of the household name, we require that heraldic titles also provide documentation showing that they follow a pattern of heraldic titles in the language of the submission.

It is extremely unlikely that support can be provided for heraldic titles in Old Norse. Siren says "The earliest indication of a titled herald is in England in 1276, when an English Petrus rex hyraudorum citra aquam de Trente ex parte boriali 'king of the heralds beyond the River Trent in the North' is mentioned (Godfrey)." She suggests a possible route of alternative documentation:

However, there certainly are heraldic titles in those languages descended from Old Norse, at least in Norway and Sweden. All examples from those languages are locative, but I suspect that's a function of the data; I've only found five titles. There are examples of all patterns in German (and of most in Dutch), and I see no reason to think that these possibilities would not have been in the awareness of Scandinavian nobles.

If the kingdom wishes to resubmit a heraldic title similar to this submission, we recommend that they research period Danish and Norwegian forms.

Tristeltre, Shire of. Branch name and device. Argent, a tree proper between in fess two laurel wreaths vert, a base checky azure and Or.

Listed on the LoI as Tristeltre_, the forms show the name was Tristeltree, Shire of. We remind submissions heralds that it is important to list the name on the LoI as it appears on the forms, and that if you make any changes to the name, this must be noted on the forms and stated explicitly on the LoI. Failure to do so can result in a submission being pended or returned for administrative reasons.

The name is returned for lack of documentation that Tristeltre follows period patterns of English place names. The group's previous submission, Trystell-Tre, Shire of, was returned on the March 2008 LoAR because "this name does not follow patterns found in English place name." In the return, Laurel offered two alternatives:

If the submitters are interested in a similar sounding name, we suggest Trisel, which is dated to 1236 in Ekwall, The Concise Dictionary of English Place-Names, s.n. Trysull.

Alternatively, if the submitters are interested in a name used for a tree where meetings are gathered, Ekwall notes:

OE tr{o-}e(w) 'tree' is a common second element in pl[ace] n[ame]s. Names of this kind refer to some prominent tree, sometimes ones with religious associations, as in HALLOWTROW, sometimes one remarkable for its size as LANGTREE. The first el. is frequently a pers[onal] n[ame]. In this case, the tree was probably often one marking a meeting place, and the first element may well be the name of a lawman.

In keeping with this pattern, we would suggest choosing an Old English or early Middle English name to use as the first element.

The documentation for the current submission merely stated "The submitters have followed Laurel's suggestions on resubmission." Unfortunately, they have not.

First, Tristel was not included in either of the two alternatives. Rather, the recommended form in the first alternative was Trisel, ending in -sel, not -stel. Lacking documentation for Tristel, it is not registerable in the context of an English place name.

Second, the two alternatives mentioned were exclusive: The group could either choose the similarly pronounced name Trisel, or they could pick a given name to combine with the element tr{o-}ew, but they could not combine these two options. Since the group did not chose either of these options or provide new documentation for the submitted form, we must return this name again. These two recommendations are still acceptable choices if they wish to pursue either option.

There was some question whether the spelling -tre is plausible. It is. The Middle English Dictionary s.v. tree has many examples from the 13th to the early 16th C, including the place names Hosintre 1255 and Aylmynstre als. Elmystre 1464. Another example can be found in Ekwall, Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-Names, which has Branketre 1274 s.n. Braintree.

If the submitters wish to use -tre in conjunction with a personal name, following the second recommendation from the previous return, then they will need to chose a Middle English given name, since -tre is a Middle English spelling.

Since the branch name was not registered and we do not form holding names for groups, we are forced to return the device.

- Explicit littera renuntiationum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN PENDED UNTIL THE August 2009 LAUREL MEETING (OR AS NOTED):

ATENVELDT

Rowland Tode. Household name Rowland Tode Haule.

Listed on the LoI as Rowland Tode Haule, the household name was originally submitted as Rowland Tode Haulle. No mention of the change was made on the LoI. As stated on the June 2008 Cover Letter, "if information about changes made in kingdom is not provided in OSCAR, this omission will result in names being pended until the information is received."

The LoI originally provided the following information:

Language (English. The client desires a spelling for "Hall" that includes -u- (hence Haul(l)e).) most important.

The name is English.

Rowland is a masculine given name, and this spelling is dated to 1529 in Withycombe, 3rd edition, p. 256, s.n. Roland. This is supported by S. Gabriel reports 2294 (<http://www.panix.com/~gabriel/public-bin/showfinal.cgi/2294.txt>) and 2637 (<http://www.panix.com/~gabriel/public-bin/showfinal.cgi/2637.txt>).

Tode is an English surname. This spelling, and the alternatives Todd and Todde are placed in a range 1547-1685; Thomas Tode is cited in a date range 1504-1515; Richard Tode is dated to 1530; and Abraham Tode is dated to 1547. All of these are found in the catalogue of Then National Archives of the UK ( www.nationalarchives.gov.uk ); the information was accessed in an advanced search for "Tode" with the date range 1300-1500.

Haule is a variant spelling of hall, a large private residence or a manorial hall. The COED dates an example of this particular spelling to 1606. The Middle English Dictionary from the University of Michigan (<http://quod.lib.umich.edu/m/med/>) shows the spelling of haule c. 1500, and reference to a large public chamber within a residence, mansion or palace as haulle c. 1440 and haule c. 1450 (http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/m/mec/med-idx?type=proxquote&q1=hall&operator1=Near&amt1=40&q2=haulle& operator2=Near&amt2=40&q3=&size=First+100 <http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/m/mec/med-idx?type=proxquote&q1=hall&operator1=Near&amt1=40&q2=haulle&operator2=Near&amt2=40&q3=&size=First+100>)

"A Brief, Incomplete, and Rather Stopgap Article about European Household and Other Group Names Before 1600," Sharon L. Krossa (<http://medievalscotland.org/names/eurohouseholds/>) demonstrates the use of an individual's full name, not just a surname, as a designator for his house, sir Henry Percy house, c. 1475 (<http://medievalscotland.org/names/eurohouseholds/englandhouse.shtml>).

This article also demonstrates the use of "hall" in reference to a residence in 1430, as Stanewey halle (<http://medievalscotland.org/names/eurohouseholds/englandmanors.shtml>), albeit with a geographical designator.

The client desires to use his full name in the household name, to avoid conflict with the already-registered Toad Hall. He is also adamant about using a spelling of Hall that includes the -u- in it, hence documentation for the alternative spellings haule and haulle.

This was item 12 on the Atenveldt letter of September 25, 2008.

MIDDLE

Broenan hua Ronain. Name.

This is being pended because the documentation was not adequately summarized. No URLs were given for any of the cited webpages, the information in the cited webpages was not summarized, and the author of one of the articles was misattributed. As stated on the December 2008 Cover Letter, failure to provide an accurate and adequate summary of the documentation is grounds for return. In this case, because the submission is one of several that were misplaced by the kingdom, we are willing to be lenient. Instead of returning the name for administrative reasons, we are pending it to give Rouge Scarpe the chance to provide the missing information.

Additionally, the name was listed in the "filing name" field as Broenan hua Ronain, but in the "submitted item" field as Broenan hau Ronain. The second spelling appears to be a typo. We'd like to remind submissions heralds that when inputting a new primary name into OSCAR, it is extremely important that both the "filing name" and the "submitted item" fields contain exactly the same name. If they differ, this both causes confusion on the part of the commenters and extra work for the Laurel clerk. Gross discrepancies can be grounds for pend so that the commenters know which is the actually submitted form.

The LoI originally provided this information about the name:

Submitter desires a male name.

No major changes.

Sound most important.

Will accept Minor changes only.

Broenan: OCM, p 38, Header Broenan: Broanan-m. a diminative of Bróen, this name comes from OBroanain (O'Brennan)

Bróen: Braon p 37, m. this name was relatively common

"Index of Irish Annals:Bróen", Mari Elspeth nic Bryan

Ronain - "100 Most Popular Men's Names in Early Medieval Ireland", Tanquistal

"Index of Irish Annals:Rónán", Mari Elspeth nic Bryan

hua - patronimic article from 8th Century

This is an old Pennsic lost sheep. Being forwarded directly to the College per Laurel instructions.

This was item 10 on the Middle letter of September 28, 2008.

Giovanni Andreas Faustus. Name.

This is being pended for two reasons.

First, according to the forms this was originally submitted as Giovanni Andrea_ Faustus. No mention of the change from Andrea to Andreas was made on the LoI. As stated on the June 2008 Cover Letter, "If information about changes made in kingdom is not provided in OSCAR, this omission will result in names being pended until the information is received, and systematic failure to provide this information will result in names being administratively returned." This is particularly important when the change is one which is not allowed by the submitter, such as the change from Italian Andrea to Latin Andreas. We are pending this name so that Rouge Scarpe can provide this missing information.

Second, the forms indicate that the submitter is requesting authenticity for 16th C Italian, but this authenticity request was not summarized on the LoI.

The LoI originally provided the following information:

Submitter desires a male name.

No major changes.

Language (Italian, 16th Cent) most important.

Culture (Italian, 16th Cent) most important.

Client basically wishes his legal name (Jonathan Andrew Fouts) translated into Italian. Would prefer Fausto to Fousti if Faustus is not acceptable.

Giovanni, Andreas: Italian Names from Florance, 1427, www. s-gabriel.org/names/ferrante/catasto

Also, 15th Century Florence and her Dominions, Juliana de Luna, KWHSS AS42

Also, Italian Masculine Given Names from 15th and 16th Century Viterbo, www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/italian/viterbo.html Andreas dated to 1486 & 1522.

Fautus: Dizionaria dei Nom Italiani, Emidio De Felice, s.n. Fausto Faustus "con l'antico nome augurale gentilizio Faust e Fausta"

The form says this is a resubmission to the Midrealm, but we have no information on any earlier submission or return.

This is an old Pennsic lost sheep. Being forwarded directly to the College per Laurel instructions.

His device has been registered under the holding name Giovanni of Gwyntarian.

This was item 32 on the Middle letter of September 28, 2008.

Iago Gelligaer. Name.

The documentation for both elements was inadequately summarized on the LoI. It is never sufficient to list just the title and author or title and URL for an article; what the source says about the name element must also be included. As discussed on the December 2008 Cover Letter, failure to summarize the documentation is grounds for return. However, this submission is one of many that have been misplaced by the kingdom, and as a result we are reluctant to penalize the submitter for an error that was not his. Instead, we are pending the submission so that Rouge Scarpe can supply the missing information.

The LoI originally provided the following information:

Submitter desires a male name.

No major changes.

Language most important.

Culture (Welsh, 12-13th Cent) most important.

Iago: "A Simple Guide to Constructing 13th Century Welsh Names", Heather Rose Jones,

Gelligaer: "Wales at the time of the Treaty of Montgomery in 1267" www.gwp.entainet/walhist.html

This is an old Pennsic lost sheep. Being forwarded directly to the College per Laurel instructions.

His device has been registered under the holding name Iago of Sternfeld.

This was item 37 on the Middle letter of September 28, 2008.

Jean Baptiste De Chartres. Name.

The documentation for both elements of the name was from Academy of S. Gabriel Reports, but the reports were not adequately summarized. When summarizing a S. Gabriel Report, the footnotes must be included:

We note that the documentation was not adequately summarized on the LoI, although the College of Arms commenters filled in the blanks. St. Gabriel letters provide extensive footnotes on the sources from which the names are drawn, as well as the dates for most of the names discussed. This information should be included when summarizing documentation from a St. Gabriel report. [Bella Lucia da Verona, 04/04, A-Lochac]

Normally an inadequate summary would be grounds for return. Because this submission is one of several that were misplaced by the kingdom, we are loath to penalize the submitter for the failures of the submissions herald. We are, therefore, pending this name to allow Rouge Scarpe to provide a complete summary of the documentation, so that the commenters have adequate information when commenting on the name.

The LoI originally provided the following information:

Submitter desires a male name.

No major changes.

Language (French Catholic) most important.

Culture most important.

Meaning most important.

Jean Baptiste: St. Gabriel report 2536, www.s-gabriel.org/2536

Jean-Baptiste is cited twice, in 1572 and 1599, Jean Baptiste is cited seven times in the report, with dates from 1602-1717.

De Chatres: St. Gabriel report 3125, www.s-gabriel.org/3125

Jehanne de Chartres is dated to 1311

This was item 40 on the Middle letter of September 28, 2008.

NORTHSHIELD

James the Smith. Badge. Azure, a sword inverted, the blade interlaced with three annulets interlaced in pale argent.

This is pended until the decision is made on the possible changes to our treatment of sustained charges which appeared on the September 2008 Cover Letter (published December 31, 2008). Commenters are asked to discuss the following possible conflicting pieces of armory under both implementation and rejection of the changes to how we treat sustained charges.

The badge of Rowena le Sarjent, Per pale gules and sable, a sword inverted, the blade interlaced with two annulets linked in pale argent, must be considered. There is a CD for the change to the field. If the annulets in each are not maintained, but are secondary charges, there is a second CD for changing the number of secondary annulets from two to three. If the annulets are co-primary, there is a second CD for changing the number of co-primary charges from three to four.

The decice of Barbara Fitzhugh de Brandhard, Azure, a sword inverted proper entwined widdershins of a poppy proper, must also be considered. If the annulets are sustained secondaries or co-primaries, and the poppy is large enough to count for difference, there is a CD for the change from one poppy to three annulets and another CD for the change of type between annulets and a poppy. If one group (poppy or annulets) is sustained and the other maintained, the two designs conflict, since there is only a single CD for the addition of the sustained charge. If both groups are maintained, this is a conflict, as the two would be considered heraldically identical.

The badge was intended to be associated with the household name House of Trinity, which is returned elsewhere on this LoAR. Since that name was not registered, we will be unable to make this association.

This was item 5 on the Northshield letter of September 30, 2008.

OUTLANDS

Eoin Roy. Device. Argent, a wolf sable and a stag gules combatant.

This device is pended for a discussion of whether this conflicts with Sofiye Darkhawk, Argent, a wolf statant erect contourny reguardant sable, breathing flames and sustaining a finger ring gules, gemmed azure. If the ring in Sofiye's device is considered to be a co-primary sustained charge, then Eoin's device conflicts with Sofiye's with a single CD for the change of type from a ring to a stag. If, instead, the ring is considered a sustained secondary, then Eoin's device is technically clear of Sofiye's, with a CD for removing the secondary ring and a CD for the change in number of primary charges. Lastly, if the ring is considered a maintained charge, Eoin's device is in conflict with Sofiye's, with a single CD for the addition of the co-primary stag, but nothing for removing the maintained charge.

Commenters are asked to address this question based on the proposed changes to our treatment of sustained charges from the September 2008 Cover Letter and what their opinion about this possible conflict would be under both adoption and rejection of those proposed changes.

The emblazon for Sofiye's device will be provided in the comments section of OSCAR, since OSCAR does not currently support the additional images attached directly to the submission.

This was item 4 on the Outlands letter of September 30, 2008.

- Explicit -