THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN REGISTERED:

AN TIR

Ælfflæd Ælfgaresdohtor. Badge. (Fieldless) A hare sejant contourny Or.

Anabel Hastings. Name and device. Or, a maunch and on a chief urdy azure three lions passant Or.

The tincture of the chief was omitted from the LoI and not corrected. Thanks to the color emblazon on OSCAR, enough commenters noted that the chief is azure, and conflict checked it as such, that we can register the device.

Please instruct the submitter to draw fewer and larger repeats on the urdy line of division.

Aodh Deoradhán. Badge change. Per bend sinister dovetailed sable and vert.

When fields with low contrast are used, complex lines of division are accepted on a case-by-case basis. In this case there are no charges obscuring the line of division and the line of division is clearly drawn. Since the there is sufficient contrast between the sable and vert here, this badge is acceptable.

His old badge, (Fieldless) A comet palewise sable bearded vert the estoile charged with an uncial lowercase "a" Or, is released.

Aonghus Mac Aonghuis. Device. Gyronny Or and gules, a stag springing and a bordure sable.

Argento Brunelli. Name and device. Azure, an anchor fouled of its chain and on a chief embattled argent an arrow azure.

The forms indicated that if the name had to be changed, the submitter cared most about the sound "Argent Brunkell". The name is registerable as submitted, but if the submitter is interested in a byname that sounds more like "Brunkell", we can suggest an alternative. Red Hawk notes that Bahlow, A Dictionary of German Names, s.n. Brunckhorst dates W. Brunkel to 1261. The byname derives from a place in Alsace. Argento Brunkel would be registerable with one step from period practice for combining Italian and German.

Bartolomea di Antonio Rossini. Name and device. Lozengy Or and azure, a chief azure.

The submitter requested authenticity for Florence, 1468. All of the elements can be found in the Florentine Catasto of 1427, and the construction is typical for the 15th C. We can confirm that this is an excellent name for her place and period.

There were calls for an inspection of the armory of Cecilia Blythe, Or fretty, a chief azure for a possible visual conflict. The primary charge in Cecilia's armory is definitely fretty, and the two devices are definitely visually clear, as well as being technically clear by X.1, for removal of the fret.

Bj{o,}rn Styrkarsson. Name and device. Per fess sable and argent, a bear rampant between three sheaves of arrows counterchanged.

Submitted as Bjorn Styrkarsson, the documentation for the given name, Geirr Bassi Haraldsson, The Old Norse Name, spelled the name Bj{o,}rn. In Old Norse, {o,} is not an o with an accent, but a distinct character separate from o, which looks like an o with a reverse comma hook. The two letters o and {o,} are not generally interchangeable. While the submitter allowed no changes, he explicitly requested that the given name be corrected to the documented form, so we have changed the name to Bj{o,}rn Styrkarsson in order to register it.

Brighid of Garnsey. Badge. (Fieldless) On a crescent azure a pale Or.

Cormacc ua Néill. Device. Purpure, a ram's head cabossed and in chief two shamrocks argent.

Cristina Izarra. Name.

Dietrich Eckhart von Katzenburg. Badge. Or, three trees blasted and eradicated sable between two scarpes azure.

Eva van den Berg. Name.

This does not conflict with Eva van Brugge, registered October 2008. Because Brugge and Berg are significantly different in sound and appearance, the two bynames do not conflict per RfS V.1.a.ii.

Geoffrey Albryght. Device. Per bend sinister argent and sable, a bend sinister gules cotised between a dragon contourny and a tree eradicated counterchanged.

Grace Dudley of Bolton. Name change from Gráinne Gelleo.

Her previous name, Gráinne Gelleo, is retained as an alternate name.

Ketilelf Grathe. Name.

Nice 12th C Danish name!

Leiðólfr Kvígsson. Name and badge. Argent, a tower azure and a base wavy sable.

Listed on the LoI as Leiðólfr Kvigarson, both the forms and the documentation showed the accent on the byname: Kvígarson. The genitive of Kvígr is Kvígs, not Kvígar. Additionally, precedent requires that accents in Old Norse names be used or dropped uniformly throughout, we have restored the accent to the byname. We have changed the name to Leiðólfr Kvígsson in order to register it.

Lianor de Najera. Name and device. Argent, a coney courant to sinister and on a chief azure two crescents Or.

This name combines Portuguese and Spanish. This lingual combination has not yet been ruled on as to whether it is registerable, registerable with a step from period practice, or not registerable. While there are some differences in orthography between Portuguese and Spanish, in many cases, the Spanish and Portuguese forms of names are identical, and without knowing the original context of the name it is often impossible to tell whether the name is Spanish or Portuguese. When the precedent saying that English/Scots combinations were a step from period practice was overturned, Laurel said:

This name mixes an English place name with an otherwise Scots name; such a mixture was declared one step from period practice in September 2001. However, many Scots name forms are identical to English name forms. Furthermore, many of the standard sources used by the SCA College of Arms, including the Oxford English Dictionary and Reaney & Wilson, Dictionary of English Surnames, make no distinction between English and Scots forms. We are therefore overturning this precedent, and declaring that names combining Scots and English forms are no longer considered a step from period practice. [Michael Duncan of Hadley, Caid-A, LoAR 04/2004]

The situation with Spanish and Portuguese is similar. Siren comments:

The naming pools [of Spanish and Portuguese] are so similar and the spelling conventions overlap so much that it's hard to say what's parallel development and what's combination. In [Aryanhwy's] 1565 Lisbon census, nine of the top fifteen names have at least one documentary form identical to one from the Isabel data; all the rest have close cognates, which differ by a letter or two (except Simião/Simon). You have to go down below the 25th most common name (to Belchior, which I assume is Melchior in Spanish, and is not in use by then) to find one that does not have a close cognate in the Isabel data (noting that <Bras> and <Blas> are the same).

Borrowed the other way, we have <Donis> in Isabel from Portuguese <Dinis> (Dionysius is what it's derived from) and the probably Portuguese influence <Nicolao> as a Nicolas variant.

Given the high amount of overlap between both naming pools and name patterns, the substantial contact between Spanish and Portuguese speakers throughout a large part of our period, and the similar orthographies, we rule that names combining Spanish and Portuguese are registerable without a step from period practice.

Please inform the submitter to draw internal detailing on the rabbit. Also, rabbits usually have their ears attached to the top of their head, not near the rear base of the skull.

Marguerite fitz William. Device. Or, a natural panther statant contourny sable, on a chief engrailed vert three plates.

Mary Ostler. Device. Per fess ermine and purpure, a turnip proper leaved vert.

Otto Vogt. Name and device. Per bend sinister sable and gules, a garb argent and a bordure argent semy of wolves' heads erased sable.

Please instruct the submitter to draw better internal detailing on the garb.

Ronan mac Carthaich. Name and device. Vert, a double-arched bridge throughout argent masoned sable between three mermaids in their modesty and a stag's head couped argent.

Shannan O'Duncan. Device. Purpure, two rapiers in saltire Or and in chief a mushroom argent.

Shannan O'Duncan. Badge. (Fieldless) A mushroom purpure.

Styrkarr jarlsskald. Name and device. Counter-ermine, a wyvern and in chief three mullets of eight points argent.

Submitted as Styrkarr Jarlskald, the byname Jarlskald was documented from a translation of the Prose Edda by Snorri Sturluson from Icelandic into English. This translation does not retain the original spellings of the names, but rather converts them into modern form. Geirr Bassi Haraldsson, The Old Norse Name, gives two forms of this byname: jarlaskáld and jarlsskáld. Since jarlsskáld is closer to the originally submitted form, we have changed the name to Styrkarr jarlsskald in order to register it. We have dropped the accent from the byname because precedent requires that Old Norse names use or drop accents uniformly throughout.

There was some question whether the byname "earl's poet" was presumptuous, violating RfS VI.1, which says that "Names containing titles, territorial claims, or allusions to rank are considered presumptuous...In some cases, use of an otherwise inoffensive occupational surname in a territorial context may make it appear to be a title or rank, such as John the Bard of Armagh or Peter Abbot of St. Giles." So far as we have been able to tell, jarlsskald is neither a title nor a rank, but merely an ordinary occupational byname. Lacking evidence that the skald of a jarl would have been considered higher in rank or prestige than, say, an ordinary skald, the use of the byname jarlsskáld or jarlaskáld is not presumptuous.

The wyvern is statant, which is the SCA default for wyverns.

Summits, Principality of the. Order name Order of the Shield of the Summits (see RETURNS for other order name).

The principality has permission to conflict with Shield Herald, registered to the Kingdom of the Middle in August 1993.

Tymothy of Dover. Device. Azure, a ram rampant sustaining a staff of Aesculapius, tip enflamed argent.

The staff of Aesculapius is considered a single charge, and thus this device cannot suffer from the so-called slot machine problem, since there are only two charge types in this device.

The device is clear of Lucais du Belier, Azure, two rams combattant within a bordure argent, with a CD for removing the bordure and another for changing the type of half the charges.

Tymothy of Dover. Badge. (Fieldless) A ram rampant sustaining a staff of Aesculapis argent.

The staff of Aesculapius is considered a single charge, and thus this device cannot suffer from the so-called slot machine problem, since there are only two charge types in this device.

Zachary le Bigod. Device. Purpure, a phoenix facing sinister Or rising from flames proper and in chief two harps addorsed argent.

Zachary le Bigod. Badge. Purpure, four harps in cross argent.

ANSTEORRA

Damian d'Outremer. Name change from Damian Thorvaldsson.

The submitter requested authenticity for 12th C Norman-French. We have not found any French examples of Damian. The name was used in England in his period: Withycombe, Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names, s.n. Damian dates Damian to 1205 and Reaney & Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, s.n. Damyon dates Damianus to 1199. It's certainly possible that this name was also used in France at the same time, but we cannot confirm that it was.

His previous name, Damian Thorvaldsson, is released.

Hanna van Dahl. Device. Or, on a lozenge within an orle azure a fret Or.

Khayra bint Tahir ibn Rashid. Device. Per pale vert and purpure, a dragonfly and in base a scimitar fesswise reversed, edge to base argent.

Rosenfeld, Shire of. Badge. Or semy of roses gules, a base azure.

Ulrich von Brixen. Device. Azure, a wolf rampant Or and a bordure Or semy of roundels azure.

Nice armory!

ATENVELDT

Allasan Tamelyn. Name change from Allasan bhán inghean Fhaoláin.

The given name, Allasan, is grandfathered to her. This name combines Gaelic and English, which is one step from period practice.

Her previous name, Allasan bhán inghean Fhaoláin, is released.

Bastian Elsey. Name and device. Quarterly purpure and sable, in bend three mullets of eight points argent.

Nice 16th C English name!

Bj{o,}rn mj{o,}ksiglandi. Name.

Submitted as Björn the Navigator, using the o-umlaut (ö) instead of the o-ogonek ({o,}) is a later convention that really only gained popularity in modern times because of the limitations of standard typefonts. We have changed the given name to Bj{o,}rn to follow our normal transliteration system.

The byname the Navigator was justified on the basis of the documented Old Norse bynames, mj{o,}ksiglandi 'much-sailing, far-travelling', farmaðr 'sea-farer', and snarfari, 'swift-traveller'. However, none of these examples are analogous to 'the navigator', so they do not support the Navigator as a registerable byname. The closest Old Norse byname that we found to the meaning 'the navigator' was stýrimaðr 'steersman, helmsman', in Geirr Bassi Haraldsson, The Old Norse Name. However, a lingua anglica render of stýrimaðr would be Steersman or Helmsman, not Navigator.

The submitter noted that if the Navigator as not registerable that he'd prefer the byname mj{o,}ksiglandi. We have changed the name to Bj{o,}rn mj{o,}ksiglandi in order to register it.

Brandan Wanderer von Arnswold. Badge. (Fieldless) In pale a martlet azure conjoined to an ogress.

Duncan Magollricke. Name and device. Per pale sable and gules, a pall argent between a fleur-de-lys Or and two Roman gladii proper.

Elizabeth Iames. Badge. Argent, three dragonflies gules.

Isabel d'Auron. Reblazon of device. Gules, a natural tiger rampant Or marked sable maintaining a straight trumpet, on a chief Or three fleurs-de-lys azure.

Blazoned when registered in May 1997 as Gules, a tiger rampant Or marked sable maintaining in its dexter forepaw a trumpet palewise, on a chief Or three fleurs-de-lys azure, that blazon would result in an heraldic tyger. We've corrected the blazon to specify the natural beast.

Katheline van Weye and Ryan Dollas. Joint badge. (Fieldless) A windmill Or sailed vert issuant from a mount couped sable.

There were calls to return this badge because the mount does not match any known period depictions of mounts. The mount is identical in outline to the mount in the previous return, which did not mention that the shape of the mount was an issue. Therefore, we are allowing this depiction for this submission. Please inform the submitter that a heraldic artist will not draw a mount as what is seen in this emblazon.

Mitsuhide Shinjir{o-}. Device. Gules, on a fess wavy sable fimbriated five roundels in annulo argent.

Nest verch Rodri ap Madyn. Name and device. Azure, a sagittary passant and on a chief argent three crescents azure.

Submitted as Nest verch Rhodri ap Madyn, the submitter requested authenticity for 13th C Wales. Harpy comments:

Nice name! Only the most minor tweak to spelling would be required to put this name in line with 13th c. format and spelling. The spelling "Rhodri" is the standard modern form of this name, but the use of initial "Rh-" only starts to appear in the 15th century (and is quite rare until perhaps the 17th century). The spelling "Rodri" would be typical in Welsh-language texts of the 13-14th century as, for example, found in the historic chronicle Brut y Tywyssogion.

We have changed the name to Nest verch Rodri ap Madyn to meet her request for authenticity.

Nice armory!

Noel Trueman. Name and device. Vert, a stag salient contourny argent and a bordure compony sable and argent.

Phineas Magollricke and Elizabeth Iames. Joint badge. (Fieldless) A wolf's head erased argent charged with a cross moline gules.

ATLANTIA

Amalie Walter. Name and device. Vert, on a bend between two ferrets combatant argent a butterfly palewise azure.

The submitter requested authenticity for German. This is a fine German name.

Cecille Cassaire. Name.

Submitted as Cécile Cassaire, the given name Cécile was documented from Withycombe, Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names, s.n. Cecilia, which gives Cécile as an undated French spelling. As past precedent indicates, when Withycombe is discussing non-English names, she is generally speaking about modern usage:

Withycombe is not a reliable source for non-English names; the vast majority of the non-English forms she cites are modern forms. [LoAR 10/2006, Lochac-A, Angele Marie de Savingny].

Therefore, Withycombe is not an acceptable source of documentation for non-English names unless she gives explicit dates.

The most similar period French spelling that was found is Cecille, dated to 1587 in Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Names from a 1587 Tax Roll from Provins". We have changed the name to Cecille Cassaire in order to register it.

Elizabeth de Bardeleye. Name and device. Or, a seahorse erect and in base a cross of four lozenges sable all within a bordure embattled gules.

Nice 13th C English name!

Please instruct the submitter that lozenges should have all the sides of equal length, they should not be elongated to center.

Gwen Bengrech verch Gruffith. Name and device. Argent, two cats sejant respectant and on a chief triangular azure a decrescent argent.

Hadrardus Blach. Device. Gules, on a bend argent a sinister fist and a dexter fist both fesswise with index fingers extended sable, in chief a compass rose bendwise argent.

Kimberly Bedo. Name.

Kimberly is the submitter's legal given name.

Marco da Verona. Device. Or, a dragon's head cabossed gules, in chief a bow fesswise sable.

William of Bellwood. Device. Sable, a chevron and in dexter chief a lion passant Or.

This device is clear of the badge of Oliver de Leon de Oro, Sable, in pale a demi-sun and a chevron Or. There is a CD for the change of number of primary charges (for the removal of the sun) and a CD for the addition of the secondary lion. Were we to consider Oliver's badge as having a primary chevron and a secondary sun, the devices would still be clear, with a CD for the change of type of secondary and a CD for the change of position of the secondary.

Wulfstan Egweald. Device change. Quarterly ermine and azure, a fleur-de-lys within a bordure embattled counterchanged.

His old device, Per chevron sable and Or, two wolves combattant and a tower counterchanged, is released.

CAID

Catriona nicChlurain. Reblazon of badge. Gules, a domestic cat rampant guardant Or, maintaining in its dexter forepaw a cross formed of six white-based opals proper.

Blazoned when registered in March of 1980 as Gules, a domestic cat rampant guardant Or, grasping in its dexter forepaw a cross formed of six white-based opals proper, the cross is a maintained charge.

CALONTIR

Áine Táilliúir. Badge. (Fieldless) A vegetable lamb Or fructed of sheep sable.

A vegetable lamb is a period charge, consisting of a plant whose fruits are demi-sheep. The term fructed, for vegetable lambs, refers to the whole blossom, including the sheep. Here, only the sheep are sable, the blossoms are yellow.

Emmelina Lutz. Name (see RETURNS for device).

This name combines Dutch and High German, which is a step from period practice.

Ivory Keep, Shire of. Badge. Argent, two tusks in saltire azure and a bordure denticulada sable.

Margaret MacKenzie. Name and device. Argent, a bend purpure between a dragon passant vert and a lily bendwise gules.

Mevanwy of Vatavia. Name and device. Per bend sinister wavy azure and argent, a falcon displayed and a rose counterchanged.

Vatavia is the registered name of an SCA branch.

The use of a bird displayed, other than an eagle, is a step from period practice.

Mór Bhallach inghean Domhnaill. Name and device. Argent, in pale three crosses of Saint Brigid sable, a dexter tierce indented gules.

Submitted as Mór Ballach inghean Domhnaill, Gaelic grammar requires that the descriptive byname Ballach be lenited when used in a feminine name. We have changed the name to Mór Bhallach inghean Domhnaill adding the missing lenition so that we can register it.

There is no evidence that a cross of Saint Brigid was used in period, let alone in period heraldry. Therefore, the use of a cross of Saint Brigid is a step from period practice.

Oriana de Stonham. Device. Argent, in pale a quill pen bendwise sinister purpure issuant from an ink-bottle azure, a base purpure.

Séamus Ó Cearbhaill. Name change from Brendan O'Carroll.

The submitter requested authenticity for Irish Gaelic language. Both elements are in their standard Early Modern Irish spellings, and both elements can be found in the 16th century, so this is a fine 16th C Irish Gaelic name.

The name does not conflict with Shamus O'Carolan because the bynames are significantly different in sound and appearance. The byname Ó Cearbhaill was pronounced roughly \O CAR-vul\. The addition of the internal \v\ sound plus the change in number of syllables is a significant difference in sound.

His previous name, Brendan O'Carroll, is retained as an alternate name.

Sefa Steinólfsdóttir. Name.

Tiberius Octavius Carinus. Name and device. Or, a dragon statant gules winged between in cross four bows sable.

EAST

Alexander Makcristyne. Device change. Vert, a crampon within a bordure argent.

His old device, Azure, a fess checky Or and gules between three axes Or, is released.

Aline Kinneir. Device. Sable, on a saltire bretessed between four mullets of four points elongated to base argent, a thistle proper between four beech leaves palewise vert.

Alissenda la Gailharda. Name and device. Argent fretty sable, on a chief azure three crosses bottony argent.

Submitted as Alissenda la Gailharde, the byname la Gailharde was intended to be a southern French form of the northern French byname la Gaillarde, dated to 1454 in Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "French Names from Chastenay, 1448-1457". The examples of southern French bynames in Talan Gwynek, "Late Period Feminine Names from the South of France", show that the feminine is usually formed by adding -a instead of -e, and indeed, we find the byname Gailharda dated to 1475 in Société archéologique de Bordeaux, vol. 13-14, p. 45. We have changed the name to Alissenda la Gailharda to make the byname correct for southern French grammar.

Please inform the submitter that the fretty should appear to be woven, even when colored in.

Andreiko Eferiev. Name.

Andrew Askebrenner. Name and device. Gules, a fly between flaunches Or.

Artemisia Bocca. Name (see RETURNS for device).

The submitter asked that the byname be changed to something meaning "seductive / flirty mouth" if that were possible. Unfortunately, none of the commenters were able to find any evidence that a byname with such a meaning is plausible in medieval Italian. In fact, we were not able to find any medieval or Renaissance Italian word with the desired meaning. We have registered the name as submitted; the byname Bocca means 'mouth'.

Briana Campbell. Name and device. Or, a thistle proper, in canton a dragonfly bendwise azure.

Bríg na nUan. Name and device. Per bend purpure and vert, a lamb couchant argent and a crossbow bendwise inverted Or.

Submitted as Bríg na Úain, the byname na Úain was intended to mean 'of the lambs', but did not use the correct grammatical form. The examples of bynames meaning 'of the [type of domesticated animal]' found in Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals", all use the genitive plural form of the animal term, with the definite article. In Early Modern Irish, the genitive plural form of 'lamb' is Uan. In a phrase meaning "of the lambs", it becomes na nUan. We have changed the name to Bríg na nUan to correct grammar so that it can be registered.

This name combines Middle Irish and Early Modern Irish, which is a step from period practice.

While we do not usually blazon baby animals, we allow it for cants or when it was done in period. In this case, both are applicable: na nUain means 'of the lambs', and lambs were blazoned as such in period.

Cainnech mac Uilliam. Device. Per bend sinister azure and Or, a thistle argent and a brown stag rampant proper, armed argent.

Catherine Oiseau. Name and device. Per fess Or and azure, a crow sable and a compass star elongated to base argent.

Submitted as Catherine d'Oiseau, the byname d'Oiseau was documented from Morlet, Dictionnaire Étymologique des Noms de Famille, s.n. Doiseau and Dauzat, Dictionnaire Etymologique des Noms de Famille et Prénoms de France, s.n. Doiseau, neither of which give any dates. Undated bynames in both Morlet and Dauzat are only registerable if there is evidence that they are consistent with period bynames, and in this case none of the commenters were able to find any such evidence. Barring such evidence, d'Oiseau is not registerable.

The submitter indicated that she cared most about the meaning 'of the birds'. Morlet, Etude d'anthroponymie picarde, les noms de personne en Haute Picardie aux XIIIe, XIVe, XVe siecles, has a number of bynames related to the medieval French word for bird, oisel, including Loisel 1388 'the bird', dictus L'oiseleur 1295, dit L'oiseleur 1438, and L'Oizeleur 1316 '(called) the bird-hunter' on p. 427, and Oisel 1256 'bird', 1300 on p. 439. The modern form of the word, oiseau, was in use by the end of our period; Juliana de Luna notes the 15th century heraldic title Gentil Oiseau. We would not be surprised to see Oisel spelled as Oiseau in the 15th or 16th century. Because Oiseau is the most similar form to the originally submitted form, we have changed the name to Catherine_Oiseau in order to register it.

The use of the compass star is a step from period practice.

David Vázquez de Valençia. Name.

Deirdre Planchet. Device. Argent, a billet gules transfixed by a needle fesswise, on a chief azure three square weaver's tablets argent.

Dionysia Birdclever de Brigge. Device. Azure, a bend sinister Or, overall a popinjay argent.

D{zv}iugint{e.} Litovka. Name and badge. (Fieldless) A rose Or barbed, seeded, slipped, and leaved vert, its stem entwined by a snake sable.

Submitted as D{zu}iugint{eo} Litovka, the documentation for the given name uses {zv}, that is, z with a caron, rather than {zu}, that is, z with a breve. Additionally, the documentation shows that the feminine ending is -{e.}, that is, e with a dot above, rather than -{eo}, that is, e with a ring above. We have changed the name to D{zv}iugint{e.} Litovka in order to register it.

The snake, in this emblazon, is a sustained charge. Thus, this badge is clear of Caid's badge for the Legion of Courtesy, (Fieldless) A rose Or barbed and seeded vert. There is a CD for the addition of the snake and a CD for fieldlessness.

Ellen Hughes. Name and device. Azure, on a pale between two domestic cats combatant argent, three holly leaves conjoined in pall inverted vert fructed gules.

Both elements are English and are dated within three years of each other. A very nice name!

While the orientation of the sprig is a blazonable detail, sprigs are depicted in so many orientations, both in the SCA and in period armory, that orientation of the sprigs is not worth difference.

Erasmus Urswyc. Name and device. Per bend sinister gules and argent, an arrow counterchanged.

Erna máni. Name change from holding name Arielle of Eisental.

Fridha av Bergen. Badge. (Fieldless) On a hexagon argent two axes in saltire azure.

Friedrich Parcifal. Name change from Eadric Wiglafes sunu (see RETURNS for badge).

His previous name, Eadric Wiglafes sunu, is retained as an alternate name.

Gaius Patronius. Name and device. Or, in fess a trident between two natural seahorses addorsed sable.

This submission raised two questions: First, whether Patronius is a plausible variant spelling of the Roman nomen Petronius, and, second, whether the classical author Caius Petronius is important enough to protect from conflict.

Concerning the first question, Noir Licorne provides examples of the spelling Patronius from the classical era:

"New Documents Illustrating Early Christianity: A Review of the Greek Inscriptions and Papyri Published in 1982-83" by S. R. Llewelyn and R. A Kearsley (Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1997), includes PSI V 466, an edict of the Eygptian prefect, M. Patronius Mamertinus, during the reign of Hadrian...".

"Rambles in Rome An Archæological and Historical Guide to the Museums, Galleries, Villas, Churches, and Antiquities of Rome and the Campagna" by S. Russell Forbes (8th ed., T. Nelson, 1899) mentions an inscription "to Titus Patronius Priscus imperial procurator of the iron mines dedicated by the Tiber bargemen".

These examples are sufficient to give the submitter the benefit of the doubt that Patronius is a plausible variant spelling of Petronius.

Concerning the second, while Caius has his own entry in the Encyclopedia Britannica online, that is no longer sufficient by itself to make him important enough to protect from conflict. Judging the name under the criteria listed on the November 2004 Cover Letter, Caius Petronius is not important enough to protect from conflict. While Caius did live and work in the period covered by the Society, albeit very early in that period, and his most famous work, the comic novel Satyricon, was known to medieval authors, he was not a sovereign ruler and both elements of his name are fairly ordinary. Only two commenters mentioned the Roman author without having had to look him up in an encyclopedia. It seems unlikely that anyone who had not studied classical Latin would recognize the name; even some commenters (including Pelican herself) who have studied classical Latin did not recognize the name.

Guillelmus filius Martini. Name.

Submitted as William_Martinet, the submitter requested authenticity for an 11th C Norman invading England. Both William and Martinet are standard English spellings, which can be found in the 14th century. However, they are not appropriate for an 11th C Norman, who would have spoken French and whose name would have been recorded in Latin.

We can offer an authentic alternative. Martinet is a pet form of Martin. Morlet, Les Noms de Personne sur le Territoire de l'Ancienne Gaule du VIe au XIIe Siècle, vol. I, p. 225 has earlier forms of William including Guillelmus a1069-96, a1070, a1075, a1083; Guillermus a1033; Vilelmus a1060-64; Vilielmus a1049; Wilelmus a1050-51; and Willelmus a1095. In vol. II, p. 76 there are numerous instances of Martinus in the 11th C. The appropriate Latin byname based on Martinus is filius Martini, which means that Guillelmus filius Martini, or a similar form using one of the other 11th C spellings of William, is an authentic name for an 11th C Norman. We have changed the name to Guillelmus filius Martini in order to meet his request for authenticity.

Gunter der Ochse. Name and device. Argent, two spiked maces in saltire sable between four gouttes, a chief indented vert.

Listed on the LoI as Gunter der Ohse, the name was originally submitted as Gunter des Ochse, and changed in kingdom to match the available documentation. However, the change from Ochse, which was documented as High German, to the Low German form Ohse introduces two problems. First, the byname der Ohse violates RfS III.1.a. by combining High and Low German in the same phrase. Second, the change of language is a major change, which the submitter does not allow.

The byname Ochse 'ox' without the definite article appears on p. 432 of Socin, Mittelhochdeutsches Namenbuch, dated sometime between the 13th and 15th centuries. There was some question whether it was appropriate to add the definite article der to the byname. Bahlow, A Dictionary of German Names, dates Wernher der Adeler 'the eagle' to 1309 s.n. Adeler; Albrecht der Bär 'the bear' to 1150 s.n. Bär; Conrad de grip 'the griffin' to 1266 s.n. Greif(f); and Seifert der Frumesel 'the donkey' to 1293 s.n. Riedesel. These examples show that a variety of bynames based on animal terms, domesticated, wild, and mythological, which use the definite article der. This supports the registration of der Ochse. We have changed the name to Gunter der Ochse in order to register it.

Hugh Tauerner. Device. Per fess indented sable and vert.

This device is clear of the badge of Cliodhna ni Bhriain, Per fess indented crusilly vert and argent. There is a CD for changing the tincture of half the field, and another under X.4.a.ii.c for the difference between per fess indented and per fess indented crusilly. Precedent says:

[Per pale indented, the points ending in mullets, vs. per pale indented ] "There is... [a CVD] for modifying the line of division with the mullets." [see related ruling LoAR 2/91 p.16]. (10/91 p.3).

The only difference in the fields in the precedent are the mullets at the end of the indents. That is the case here with the crosses.

When fields with low contrast are used, complex lines of division are accepted on a case-by-case basis. In this case there are no charges obscuring the line of division and the line of division is clearly drawn; therefore it is acceptable.

Hugh Tauerner. Badge. (Fieldless) A wheel per fess sable and vert.

Idon of Sheffeld. Name and device. Per chevron inverted azure and gules, three maple leaves two and one argent and two scimitars in saltire proper.

Johann Boese. Name and device. Per pale sable and argent, a mullet of four points elongated to base and in base a domestic cat couchant, a chief counterchanged.

John Emeris of Ellenar. Reblazon of device. Sable, seven piles inverted in point surmounted at the points by an eye embattled to chief Or, on a chief argent fimbriated per fess gules and Or a lion passant gules.

Blazoned when registered in November 1979 as Sable, seven piles inverted conjoined in point, surmounted at the points by an eye, and embattled in chief Or, on a chief argent a lion passant gules, overall a fillet per fess gules and Or, the original blazon implied that the piles were embattled instead of the eye.

Khalida bint `Abd al-`Aziz. Name and device. Gules, on a maple leaf Or a domestic cat's head couped contourny sable, in base a standing balance Or.

Submitted as Khalida bint 'Abdal-Aziz, the patronym is more properly transliterated as `Abd_al-`Aziz. While some systems of transliterating Arabic use ' for both `ayn and hamza, all examples of this name that we've found spell both `Abd and `Aziz with `ayn. Additionally, the elements `Abd and al are kept separated in transliteration. We have changed the name to Khalida bint `Abd_al-`Aziz in order to register it.

Kochou Zaygo. Name and device. Per bend sinister sable and vert, a bend argent.

This lovely device conflicts with the device of Genevieve de Bordeu, registered in February 2008, Quarterly azure and sable, a bend argent, with only a single CD for the change of field. When contacted, Genevieve provided permission to conflict, so we can register this device.

Lachlann Graheme. Name change from Lachlann mac Lachlainn and device. Per pale argent and vert, on a tower per pale azure and argent an ivy vine bendwise sinister per pale argent and vert.

His previous name, Lachlann mac Lachlainn, is retained as an alternate name.

This is clear of Gregor von Münchhausen, (Fieldless) On a tower per pale azure and argent, a dexter gauntlet clenched counterchanged. There is a CD for the difference between a fielded and fieldless design, and a CD for the change of type, and orientation of the tertiary, from an upright gauntlet to a bendwise sinister ivy vine.

Lev Nikolaev. Name and device. Argent, a lion's head erased contourny gules and a chief embattled sable.

Magdalena d'Arzenta. Device change. Gules, three spiders within an orle argent.

Her old device, Gules, three spiders inverted, a bordure argent, is released.

Máire inghean uí Mheardha. Name.

Marianne de la Tour. Name and device. Purpure masoned, a centaur passant and on a chief embattled argent a natural dolphin purpure.

The given name Marianne was documented as a feminine form of Marian, an undated name found in Dauzat, Dictionnaire Etymologique des Noms de Famille et Prénoms de France, s.n. Marien. Unfortunately, the problem with this justification is that Marian is already a feminine name, a diminutive of Mary. Since it is already feminine, it does not make sense to add a feminizing ending to it. However, Noir Licorne was able to provide alternative documentation for the name, from the Parish and Probate Records of the court of the archdeaconry of Exeter. These documents record Marianne Pester in 1597 and Marianne Legge in 1588, thus demonstrating that Marianne is an acceptable 16th C English name.

Michaela Amour. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Molly Schofield. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Petra of Silver Rhylle. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Azure, in fess a trident between two natural seahorses respectant, a base argent.

Submitted under the name Petra Zennia Velikaiaskii.

Robert du Bourg. Name and device. Gules, a chevron and on a chief argent three fleurs-de-lys gules.

The byname du Bourg was documented from Morlet, Dictionnaire Étymologique des Noms de Famille, s.n. Bourg. This entry does not give any dates or other evidence of period usage for du Bourg, so it does not demonstrate that the byname is registerable. Pelican Emeritus notes that "http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5455294n.image.r=du+bourg.f491.langEN has du Bourg in what may be a list of names (or possibly titles) in Les chroniques et annales de Poloigne, par Blaise de Vigenè... Vigenère, Blaise de (1523-1596), 1573." Brunissende Dragonette (a native French speaker) confirms that this is a list of bynames, so this citation provides us with the evidence required to register the name.

Nice armory!

Robert Tristan. Name and device. Vert, a frog argent estencely vert.

Tadatsune of Carolingia. Reblazon of device. Azure, a Japanese well-frame crosswise within an annulet argent.

Blazoned when registered in November 2003 as Azure, a Japanese well-frame crosswise with an annulet argent, we have corrected the word within.

Tiberius Iulius Rufus. Badge. Gules, a gauntleted fist argent within and conjoined to an annulet Or.

Tiberius Iulius Rufus. Badge. (Fieldless) A gauntleted fist argent within and conjoined to an annulet Or.

Viola Epifani. Name and device. Argent, three pomegranates slipped and leaved purpure and a chief doubly enarched vert.

The use of a chief doubly-enarched is a step from period practice.

William Atherbridge. Badge. Gyronny Or and azure, a ram rampant gules armed argent.

LOCHAC

Ragi her{o,}r. Name (see RETURNS for device).

MERIDIES

Beatrix de Coninck. Name.

Nice Dutch name!

Catelin Rayne le Marchaunt. Device. Gules, a tyger sejant, on a chief Or three hearts gules.

Domenica Zorzi. Badge. (Fieldless) A Greek sphinx sejant contourny argent.

Gwendolen Isabella Stewart. Name change from Gwendolen Elizabeth Stewart.

The given name Gwendolen and the byname Stewart are grandfathered to the submitter.

Her previous name, Gwendolen Elizabeth Stewart, is retained as an alternate name.

Kate the Green. Device. Argent, a salamander tergiant purpure enflamed gules and on a chief vert three triquetras Or.

Muirenn ingen Ui Fhlainn. Device. Vert, an enfield statant Or and a chief embattled ermine.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the ermine spots slightly larger.

Sabyn Pestel. Device. Vert, in fess three spears, on a chief argent three birds migrant to chief sable.

Staggate, Shire of. Branch name.

Listed on the LoI as Stagsgate,_, this form of the name violates RfS III.2.b which requires that branch names have "a designator that identifies the type of entity and at least one descriptive element." According to the forms and the petition, the group is a shire, so we have added the required designator, Shire of.

The construction [stag in the genitive] + gate was justified on the basis of the place names Staggeshaghe 1315 and Stagschaue 1307, found in the Middle English Dictionary s.v. stagge. However, these are examples of stag(ge) + shaghe or schaue, where the deuterotheme is a variant spelling of -shaw. Thus, these examples do not support the use of the possessive form Stags or Stagges. All of the examples of English place names that we found following the pattern <animal> + gate used the nominative form of the animal name, which supports Staggate or Staggegate as a plausible constructed English placename. Of these, Staggate is closer to the original submitted form, so we have changed the name to Staggate, Shire of in order to register it.

MIDDLE

Robert of Bristol. Device change. Per pale sable and gules, in pale a griffin segreant and a chevron inverted Or.

His old device, Or, a horse's head erased between three horseshoes inverted sable, all within a bordure gules, is released.

Runa Æikibrandskona. Name change from Alexandra la Noire.

Submitted as Runa Eikibrandrskona, the byname Eikibrandrskona was constructed to mean 'wife of oaken-sword' in Old Norse. Unfortunately, there were a number of problems with this byname.

The first is that insufficient evidence was provided that Eikibrandr is a meaningful Old Norse element. The construction was justified on the basis of the byname eikikrokr 'oaken-crook', found in Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Viking Bynames found in the Landnámabók", and the given name Brandr, glossed as 'fire, sword' in Gunnvor silfrahárr, "Old Norse Men's Names". These two elements do not support the construction Eikibrandr for two reasons. First, the literal meaning of the Old Norse noun brandr is 'brand, fire-brand'; it can be used metaphorically for the blade of a sword, but it does not mean sword. The standard Old Norse word meaning 'sword' is sverð. Second, a byname meaning 'oaken-sword' is not analogous to one meaning 'oaken-crook', as crooks and staves were often made of wood, but swords were not. Thus, eikibrandr is not a plausible Old Norse byname.

It is possible, however, to construct a similarly spelled Old Norse masculine given name. Lena Peterson, Nordiskt Runnamnslexikon, 5th ed., lists the masculine name Æikinæfr, where the prototheme Æiki- is derived from the noun eiki. Geirr Bassi Haraldson, The Old Norse Name, contains many examples of masculine given names with the prototheme -brandr, including Ásbrandr, Þangbrandr, Þorbrandr, Valbrandr, and Vébrandr. These names justify Æikibrandr as a constructed Old Norse masculine given name, though it would not have been understood to mean 'oaken-sword'.

The correct Old Norse byname meaning 'wife of Æikibrandr' is Æikibrandskona. When -brandr is put into the genitive case, the terminal -r changes to -s, which means that -brandrskona is not correct. We have changed the name to Runa Æikibrandskona in order to register it.

The submitter requested authenticity for Old Norse. So far as we can tell, this is a plausible Viking-era Old Norse name.

Her previous name, Alexandra la Noire, is retained as an alternate name.

Rydderch ap Morgan. Name (see RETURNS for device and badge).

Submitted as Rhydderch ap Morgan, the submitter requested authenticity for the 16th C. The 16th C spellings provided in the documentation all omit the h from the given name. We have changed the name to Rydderch ap Morgan to meet his request for authenticity.

Ryuu'zou'ji Kenshin. Name and device. Azure, within a Japanese well-frame two arrows inverted in saltire argent.

Submitted as Ryuzoji Kenshin, the family name is properly transliterated as Ryuu'zou'ji or Ry{u-}z{o-}ji. When possible, the College of Arms prefers to use transliterations that use Roman characters. Precedent says:

We note that ou and {o-} are equally valid transliterations; if one is used consistently in a name, there is no reason to change it to the other. However, when an invalid transliteration is used, or a name mixes the two transliterations, the transliteration without the macron is preferred. [LoAR 05/2008, Mitsuhide Shinjir{o-}, Atenveldt-A]

We have changed the name to Ryuu'zou'ji Kenshin in order to register it.

The well-frame depicted in this device is oriented like a mascle. According the precedent from November 2003, in the registration of the device of Tadatsune of Carolingia, this is the Society's default position for a Japanese well-frame.

Usually, a charge within a mascle or annulet is the primary charge. In the submitted emblazon, the arrows are so small relative to the size of the well-frame that they are secondary charges and the well-frame is the primary.

Sabine de Ancastre. Name.

The submitter requested authenticity for English. This is a lovely 13th C English name, as both elements can be dated within 20 years of each other.

Sáerlaith ingen Máenaig. Name and device. Quarterly vert and argent, a wagon wheel sable and a bordure Or.

Sibyl Sevenoke. Name (see RETURNS for device).

The submitter requested authenticity for 15th-17th C English. The given name Sibyl was not explicitly dated on the LoI; the documentation cited, Talan Gwynek, "Feminine Given Names in A Dictionary of English Surnames", lists Sibyl as the header form, with the closest dated spelling being Sibyll in 1279. 15th and 16th C spellings include Sibell 1434, Sybbly 1440, Sybill 1455, Sybyle 1440, and Sybyll 1572, 1573. Rowel provided a number of other 16th C spellings of the name from her article "Names and Naming Practices in the Registers of the Church of St. Mary's, Dymock": Sibbil 1567/8, Sibbill 1568, Sibble 1575, Sibull 1561, Sibell 1566, Sybylle 1539/40, Sibill 1551, Sible 35, Sibyll 1548, Sybbel 1561, Sybbill 1558/9, Sybble 1574, Sybbyl 1561, Sybbyll 1548, Sybell 1569, Sybill 1549, Syble 1549, Sybyl 1561, and Sybyll 1540/1. While we have not found any 15th or 16th C examples of the spelling Sibyl, these citations show a range of variation demonstrating that Sibyl would be unremarkable in the 16th C.

Sevenoke is dated to 1545 in James Garidner and R.H. Brodie, eds., Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 20 Part 2, published by British History Online at http://www.british-history.ac.uk/source.aspx?pubid=866. Thus, the name is authentic as submitted.

Sibyl Sevenoke and Miguel of St. Katherine. Joint badge. Checky Or and sable, a bordure gules.

As submitted, the second owner of this badge was to be Miguel de Argento. That name was returned on the December 2003 LoAR and his armory was registered, via the West, under the holding name above.

The badge is clear of Steingrim Stellari, Paly of six Or and sable, a fess counterchanged. At least one commenter called Steingrim's field checky. It is not: checky forms squares, this field has rectangles at least twice as long as they are wide. If we follow this logic, we must re-write section X.4.a of the Rules for Submission, which explicitly grants substantial difference between barry and per pale when compared with checky. Were we willing to consider Steingrim's armory field-only (which we are not), we would give the two designs under consideration a CD for the field. That CD, combined with the CD for the addition of the bordure, would carry these two pieces of armory clear of each other. However, as Steingrim's armory is not field-only armory, these devices are clear by X.1, for removal of the fess.

Teige MacLennan the Tinker. Device change. Azure, a lion's head caboshed, on a chief doubly-enarched argent a Bowen cross sable.

The use of a chief doubly enarched is a step from period practice.

His old device, Or, a heart per pale sable and gules and on a chief azure two hearts argent, is released.

Trisola Ducci. Name and device. Quarterly argent semy of dragonflies and purpure, an orle Or.

Uliaanitsa Zabava doch'. Name and device. Azure semy of escarbuncles of six arms, a chief nebuly argent.

Listed on the LoI as Uliaanitsa Zabava doch_, this appears to be a typo for the originally submitted form, Uliaanitsa Zabava doch'. As doch' is the correct transliteration of the Russian word for 'daughter', we have restored the name to the originally submitted form in order to register it.

Umfrey d'Outremer. Name.

Ursula the Widow. Name and device. Argent, a brown bear's head caboshed proper, in chief three triangles inverted azure.

Usami Yoshirou. Name and device. Gules, a penguin close proper and on a chief engrailed Or three increscents gules.

Submitted as Usami Yoshiro, the yobina is properly transliterated as Yoshirou or Yoshir{o-}. When possible, the College of Arms prefers to use transliterations that use Roman characters. Precedent says:

We note that ou and {o-} are equally valid transliterations; if one is used consistently in a name, there is no reason to change it to the other. However, when an invalid transliteration is used, or a name mixes the two transliterations, the transliteration without the macron is preferred. [LoAR 05/2008, Mitsuhide Shinjir{o-}, Atenveldt-A]

We have changed the name to Usami Yoshirou in order to register it.

As drawn, the penguin is half black and half white, and thus neutral. There is, therefore, no issue with placing it on a gules field.

Proper, for a penguin, seems to have never been defined, despite our having registered approximately 15 proper penguins in the SCA. Penguins proper are sable, bellied argent, each tincture being approximately half the charge.

The use of a penguin is a step from period practice.

Vreile Payensdochter. Device. Sable, a hen and on a chief nebuly Or three elderberry sprigs vert.

Yevane Browne. Name and device. Per pale sable and Or, on a two-headed goose displayed counterchanged a mullet of six points vert.

The use of a bird displayed which is not an eagle is a step from period practice.

Ysabel Verdelet. Name (see RETURNS for device).

The submitter requested authenticity for 14th C French, but does not allow any changes. We have found only one instance of the byname Verdelet, and it is from 1543. Lacking evidence that this byname was used in the 14th C, we cannot confirm that this name is authentic. The given name Ysabel is a fine choice for the 14th C; Morlet, Étude d'anthroponymie picarde, les noms de personne en Haute Picardie aux XIIIe, XIVe, XVe siècles, has 14th C examples of Ysabel on pp. 292, 318, 319, 330, 338, 354, 382, 387, 418, and 446.

NORTHSHIELD

Berold von Ebenrit. Name.

Cäsarea von Ebenrit. Name.

OUTLANDS

Adam Mathyson. Name.

Nice 14th C English name!

Alrik Boleslavov. Device. Per chevron sable and argent, two lions combatant and a tree blasted and eradicated within a bordure counterchanged.

Christopher Devereux. Name change from Kieran Blake.

His previous name, Kieran Blake, is retained as an alternate name.

Clare de Chepyng. Name.

Submitted as Clare de Chepyng Campedene, past precedent has ruled that compound placenames cannot be used in English locative bynames:

Lyneyea of Aston-upon-Trent. Name. The name uses a compound locative as a byname, but no documentation was submitted and none found showing any English surnames that evolved from a full compound place-name rather than just the first part of the place-name. Such bynames were declared unregisterable for Spanish names in 2002:

Lacking documentation that compound forms of placenames like Santiago de Compostela were used in locative bynames, this cannot be registered. [Beatriz de Santiago de Compostela, 01/02, R-Caid]

Barring evidence of locative bynames formed from full compound placenames in English, such names cannot be registered. We would drop the compound and register the byname as Æstun, but the submitter will not accept major changes. [03/2005 LoAR, Meridies-R]

No new documentation was shown for locative bynames formed from full compound placenames in English, so they continue to be unregisterable. As the submitter allows all changes, we have dropped the final element of the place name to register the name as Clare de Chepyng_.

Leonor Ruiz de Lisón. Name and device. Or, a bend sable between four pomegranates gules slipped and leaved vert seeded Or.

Magge Magnus. Name.

Meliore Gimigna Fioravanti. Name change from Ysabeau Anais Roussot du Lioncourt.

The submitter requested authenticity for an unspecified language/culture, but this request was not mentioned on the LoI. Had this authenticity request been more specific, we would have had to pend this name to allow the commenters to address the request. As documented, it is unlikely that this name is authentic because the given names were documented from the 12th and 13th C, respectively, and the use of two given names doesn't arise in Italian until later. We cannot drop one of the given names, though, because the submitter does not allow major changes.

Her previous name, Ysabeau Anais Roussot du Lioncourt, is retained as an alternate name.

Milesha Kulikova. Name.

Salomea Thorunska. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Salomea Toru{n'}ska, the submitter requested an authentic name and cared most about 14th C Polish culture. This authenticity request was not summarized on the LoI; had the commenters not independently provided information about authentic forms of the name, we would have been forced to pend this.

The given name Salomea was documented as German. This is also the standard Latin form of the name. Witold Taszycki, ed., S{l/}ownik Staropolskich Nazw Osobowych, s.n. Samlome(j)a has a number of examples of Salomea from Latin contexts, the earliest being from 1258, and the latest from a 15th century copy of a 13th century document. It's likely that the name was in use in the 14th C; Maria Malec, Imiona Chrze{s'}cija{n'}skie w {S'}redniowiecznej Polsce, p. 383 dates the Polish form So{l/}omija to 1471.

Taszycki, op. cit., s.n. Toru{n'}ski lists a number of locative bynames based on the place name Toru{n'}, all of which are found in Latin records: Johannes Thorunski 1399, Katherina, olim Stanislai Thorunsky de Cracovia 1426, Stanislai Thorunszky 1441, and Jan Thorunszky 1499. These are all masculine forms; the feminine form is made by changing -i or -y to -a, so on the basis of the 1399 citation we can recommend Thorunska as an authentic 14th C byname. We have changed the name to Salomea Thorunska in order to meet her request for authenticity.

The name Salomea Thorunska is Latinized Polish. We do not know what form this name would have taken in Polish in the 14th century. We can, however, offer an authentic 15th C Polish form. The Th- spellings of the byname are a result of the Latinization of the place name. We would expect the Polish spellings to use just T-. Thus, So{l/}omija Torunszka or So{l/}omija Torunska would be an authentic Polish name for the 15th C.

SIREN

Arschoot Herald. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

This title belonged to Spain.

Austriche Herald. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

This title belonged to Spain.

Bethune Herald. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

This title belonged to Spain.

Blanc Levrier Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

This title belonged to Spain.

Charolais Herald. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

This title belonged to France.

Chateau-Belin Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

On the January 2007 LoAR Pelican ruled that heraldic titles held by heralds "in direct service to a sovereign for at least some period of time" [Nottingham Herald, Siren-R] are important enough to protect from conflict. This heraldic title was used by a herald in direct service to the dukes of Burgundy. Since for the most of our period the dukes of Burgundy were effectively sovereign rulers, this heraldic title is important enough to protect from conflict.

Dinan Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

On the January 2007 LoAR Pelican ruled that heraldic titles held by heralds "in direct service to a sovereign for at least some period of time" [Nottingham Herald, Siren-R] are important enough to protect from conflict. This heraldic title was used by a herald in direct service to the dukes of Brittany. Since for the most of our period the dukes of Brittany were effectively sovereign rulers, this heraldic title is important enough to protect from conflict.

Franchville Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

This title belonged to Spain.

Frechas Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

This title belonged to Spain.

Frisia Herald. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

This title belonged to Spain.

Fuzil Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

On the January 2007 LoAR Pelican ruled that heraldic titles held by heralds "in direct service to a sovereign for at least some period of time" [Nottingham Herald, Siren-R] are important enough to protect from conflict. This heraldic title was used by a herald in direct service to the dukes of Burgundy. Since for the most of our period the dukes of Burgundy were effectively sovereign rulers, this heraldic title is important enough to protect from conflict.

Grant Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

On the January 2007 LoAR Pelican ruled that heraldic titles held by heralds "in direct service to a sovereign for at least some period of time" [Nottingham Herald, Siren-R] are important enough to protect from conflict. This heraldic title was used by a herald in direct service to the dukes of Burgundy. Since for the most of our period the dukes of Burgundy were effectively sovereign rulers, this heraldic title is important enough to protect from conflict.

Hennebont Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

On the January 2007 LoAR Pelican ruled that heraldic titles held by heralds "in direct service to a sovereign for at least some period of time" [Nottingham Herald, Siren-R] are important enough to protect from conflict. This heraldic title was used by a herald in direct service to the dukes of Brittany. Since for the most of our period the dukes of Brittany were effectively sovereign rulers, this heraldic title is important enough to protect from conflict.

Jugon Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

On the January 2007 LoAR Pelican ruled that heraldic titles held by heralds "in direct service to a sovereign for at least some period of time" [Nottingham Herald, Siren-R] are important enough to protect from conflict. This heraldic title was used by a herald in direct service to the dukes of Brittany. Since for the most of our period the dukes of Brittany were effectively sovereign rulers, this heraldic title is important enough to protect from conflict.

Lothier Herald. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

This title belonged to France.

Louvain Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

This title belonged to France.

Luxembourg Herald. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

This title belonged to France.

Malines Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

This title belonged to Spain.

Montfort Herald. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

On the January 2007 LoAR Pelican ruled that heraldic titles held by heralds "in direct service to a sovereign for at least some period of time" [Nottingham Herald, Siren-R] are important enough to protect from conflict. This heraldic title was used by a herald in direct service to the dukes of Brittany. Since for the most of our period the dukes of Brittany were effectively sovereign rulers, this heraldic title is important enough to protect from conflict.

Namur Herald. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

This title belonged to the Holy Roman Empire.

Nantes Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

On the January 2007 LoAR Pelican ruled that heraldic titles held by heralds "in direct service to a sovereign for at least some period of time" [Nottingham Herald, Siren-R] are important enough to protect from conflict. This heraldic title was used by a herald in direct service to the dukes of Brittany. Since for the most of our period the dukes of Brittany were effectively sovereign rulers, this heraldic title is important enough to protect from conflict.

Oliffant Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

On the January 2007 LoAR Pelican ruled that heraldic titles held by heralds "in direct service to a sovereign for at least some period of time" [Nottingham Herald, Siren-R] are important enough to protect from conflict. This heraldic title was used by a herald in direct service to the dukes of Brittany. Since for the most of our period the dukes of Brittany were effectively sovereign rulers, this heraldic title is important enough to protect from conflict.

Österreich Herald. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

This title belonged to Spain.

Ostrevant Herald. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

On the January 2007 LoAR Pelican ruled that heraldic titles held by heralds "in direct service to a sovereign for at least some period of time" [Nottingham Herald, Siren-R] are important enough to protect from conflict. This heraldic title was used by a herald in direct service to the dukes of Burgundy. Since for the most of our period the dukes of Burgundy were effectively sovereign rulers, this heraldic title is important enough to protect from conflict.

Parthenay Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

On the January 2007 LoAR Pelican ruled that heraldic titles held by heralds "in direct service to a sovereign for at least some period of time" [Nottingham Herald, Siren-R] are important enough to protect from conflict. This heraldic title was used by a herald in direct service to the dukes of Brittany. Since for the most of our period the dukes of Brittany were effectively sovereign rulers, this heraldic title is important enough to protect from conflict.

Percepelle Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

On the January 2007 LoAR Pelican ruled that heraldic titles held by heralds "in direct service to a sovereign for at least some period of time" [Nottingham Herald, Siren-R] are important enough to protect from conflict. This heraldic title was used by a herald in direct service to the dukes of Brittany. Since for the most of our period the dukes of Brittany were effectively sovereign rulers, this heraldic title is important enough to protect from conflict.

Plaisance Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

On the January 2007 LoAR Pelican ruled that heraldic titles held by heralds "in direct service to a sovereign for at least some period of time" [Nottingham Herald, Siren-R] are important enough to protect from conflict. This heraldic title was used by a herald in direct service to the dukes of Brittany. Since for the most of our period the dukes of Brittany were effectively sovereign rulers, this heraldic title is important enough to protect from conflict.

Qui vouldra Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

This title belonged to France.

Rennes Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

On the January 2007 LoAR Pelican ruled that heraldic titles held by heralds "in direct service to a sovereign for at least some period of time" [Nottingham Herald, Siren-R] are important enough to protect from conflict. This heraldic title was used by a herald in direct service to the dukes of Brittany. Since for the most of our period the dukes of Brittany were effectively sovereign rulers, this heraldic title is important enough to protect from conflict.

Rethel Herald. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

On the January 2007 LoAR Pelican ruled that heraldic titles held by heralds "in direct service to a sovereign for at least some period of time" [Nottingham Herald, Siren-R] are important enough to protect from conflict. This heraldic title was used by a herald in direct service to the dukes of Burgundy. Since for the most of our period the dukes of Burgundy were effectively sovereign rulers, this heraldic title is important enough to protect from conflict.

Riplemonde Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

On the January 2007 LoAR Pelican ruled that heraldic titles held by heralds "in direct service to a sovereign for at least some period of time" [Nottingham Herald, Siren-R] are important enough to protect from conflict. This heraldic title was used by a herald in direct service to the dukes of Burgundy. Since for the most of our period the dukes of Burgundy were effectively sovereign rulers, this heraldic title is important enough to protect from conflict.

Saint-Aubin Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

On the January 2007 LoAR Pelican ruled that heraldic titles held by heralds "in direct service to a sovereign for at least some period of time" [Nottingham Herald, Siren-R] are important enough to protect from conflict. This heraldic title was used by a herald in direct service to the dukes of Brittany. Since for the most of our period the dukes of Brittany were effectively sovereign rulers, this heraldic title is important enough to protect from conflict.

Salins Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

On the January 2007 LoAR Pelican ruled that heraldic titles held by heralds "in direct service to a sovereign for at least some period of time" [Nottingham Herald, Siren-R] are important enough to protect from conflict. This heraldic title was used by a herald in direct service to the dukes of Burgundy. Since for the most of our period the dukes of Burgundy were effectively sovereign rulers, this heraldic title is important enough to protect from conflict.

Sanglier Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

On the January 2007 LoAR Pelican ruled that heraldic titles held by heralds "in direct service to a sovereign for at least some period of time" [Nottingham Herald, Siren-R] are important enough to protect from conflict. This heraldic title was used by a herald in direct service to the dukes of Brittany. Since for the most of our period the dukes of Brittany were effectively sovereign rulers, this heraldic title is important enough to protect from conflict.

Vannes Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

On the January 2007 LoAR Pelican ruled that heraldic titles held by heralds "in direct service to a sovereign for at least some period of time" [Nottingham Herald, Siren-R] are important enough to protect from conflict. This heraldic title was used by a herald in direct service to the dukes of Brittany. Since for the most of our period the dukes of Brittany were effectively sovereign rulers, this heraldic title is important enough to protect from conflict.

Vertus Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

On the January 2007 LoAR Pelican ruled that heraldic titles held by heralds "in direct service to a sovereign for at least some period of time" [Nottingham Herald, Siren-R] are important enough to protect from conflict. This heraldic title was used by a herald in direct service to the dukes of Brittany. Since for the most of our period the dukes of Brittany were effectively sovereign rulers, this heraldic title is important enough to protect from conflict.

Willeborde Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

This title belonged to France.

Zuillant Pursuivant. Heraldic title (important non-SCA title).

This title belonged to the Holy Roman Empire.

TRIMARIS

Seanach Mac Lochlainn. Name change from holding name Seanach of Trimaris.

This was pended on the May 2008 LoAR.

Turold Dunstan Arminger. Device. Azure, a chevron rompu between three fleurs-de-lys one and two and a natural sea-turtle argent.

WEST

Vladimir ap Gwynne. Reblazon of badge. Counter-ermine, an eagle argent maintaining a rose fesswise reversed gules slipped vert.

Blazoned when registered in January of 1981 as Counter-ermine, an eagle displayed argent, armed Or, clutching a wild rose proper [Rosa sylvestre], the rose is not seeded Or, so is not proper. We have also clarified the size of the rose.

- Explicit littera accipiendorum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN RETURNED FOR FURTHER WORK:

AN TIR

Glymm Mere, Barony of. Order name Order of the Iron Wolf.

This is returned for lack of evidence that it follows period patterns of order names. The LoI provided the following documentation for the order name:

The wolf is a standard, recognizable period charge. The word "iron" is found in period with the appropriate meaning, generally as a descriptive adjective in English names. As used, it appears to refer to a quality, rather than a color. Reaney and Wilson s.n. Ironfoot lists the following bynames: Yrenfot 1251 'iron foot'; Irenherde 1379 'hard as iron'; yreneman 1327 'iron hand'; Yrento 1209 'iron toe'. In addition, s.n. Ironside there's Irenside 1057, 1297, 1333, 1350 'iron-side, warrior'. The Barony therefore believes that 'Iron Wolf' is a reasonable order name, referring to a wolf that is as hard as or as strong as iron. This name is for the Barony's martial arts award.

However, no examples were provided of period order names which were named after a heraldic charge which was modified by an adjective other than a color term. Lacking such examples, the interpretation of Iron Wolf as "wolf as hard or as strong as iron" is not justifiable. If we interpret iron in the submitted order name as a color term, then the following precedent is relevant:

[Iron Griffin Legion.] This does not follow a pattern found in period Order names. While there Project Ordenamen article presents the interpretation [color][item] as a pattern for period Order names, there are alternative interpretations. One is [color used in heraldry][heraldic charge]. We believe this better describes the Order names of this pattern.. The colors found in period order names, yellow, blue, green, white, and gold are all heraldic tinctures. The color/metal silver, which is SCA-compatible, also follows this pattern. Although iron is found as a color in the gray area, it is not found as a heraldic tincture. [Northshield, Principality of, LoAR 01/2005, Northshield-R]

This precedent was affirmed in July 2006:

Ponte Alto, Barony of. Award name Onore del Ponte di Ferro. This name does not follow patterns of period order names. While it follows the general meta-pattern of heraldic charge, it does not follow the more specific pattern [color] + [heraldic charge]. Ferro (iron) is not a heraldic tincture; it is a material. No documentation was submitted to suggest that ferro or iron was used as an ordinary color name in either Italian or English, nor were any examples of Order names of the form [material] + [heraldic charge]. Barring such documentation, ferro or iron is not registerable as part of an order name. [Atlantia-$]

No new evidence has been provided for iron as the ordinary color name of a heraldic tincture, and hence it is still not registerable in a order name following the pattern "color" + "heraldic charge".

Summits, Principality of the. Order name Order of the Berberie.

This order name is returned for conflict with the Barbary Coast, the name used by Europeans from the 16th to the 19th C to refer to the middle and western coastal regions of North Africa. The designators Order of the and Coast are transparent for purposes of conflict, and the visual and aural difference between Berberie and Barbary is not significant enough for the two to be clear.

ANSTEORRA

Vyolante de Oporto. Name.

This is returned for lack of documentation for the byname. Both the LoI and the commenters provided evidence that the Portuguese capital Porto is known as both Porto and Oporto in modern English (see, e.g., National Geographic Atlas of the World and Merriam Webster's Geographical Dictionary, 3rd ed., s.n. Porto), but no evidence was provided and none found that Oporto is a period name of the city.

The Portuguese name of the city is Porto, and the byname do Porto 'of Porto' occurs in both Juliana de Luna, "Portuguese Names 1350-1450", and Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Portuguese Names from Lisbon, 1565". Since Porto is commonly found in modern English contexts as Oporto, the byname of Oporto would be registerable as the lingua anglica translation of do Porto (for more information on this use of the lingua anglica allowance, see the January 2009 Cover Letter). We would change the name to either Vyolante do Porto or Vyolante of Oporto in order to register it, but the submitter does not allow any changes, so we must return it.

ATENVELDT

Mary of York. Name and device. Gules, in bend a goblet Or and a natural leopard salient Or marked sable.

The name conflicts with Queen Mary II of England, who was a member of the York family and known as Lady Mary of York as a child. As a sovereign ruler, she is important enough to protect under all names by which she was known. The addition of a surname which is not connected to the York family, such as Smith, would clear this name of conflict.

This armory is returned for conflict with Bulgaria, Gules, a lion rampant crowned Or. There is a CD for the addition of the goblet, but no CD for the crown, which is a maintained charge, and no CD for placement on the field.

It is also returned for conflict with Catriona nicChlurain, Gules, a domestic cat rampant guardant Or, maintaining in its dexter forepaw a cross formed of six white-based opals proper, reblazoned elsewhere on this letter. Since the cross is a maintained charge, there is only the CD for the addition of the goblet.

ATLANTIA

Gustav von Silberwald. Badge. (Fieldless) A horse's head couped argent.

This badge conflicts with the badge of Aonghais Dubh MacTarbh, Per pale argent and sable, a horse's head couped argent, crined of flames and incensed proper, issuant from a ducal crown Or fimbriated sable. In the February 2007 reblazon of Aonghais' badge, it was stated that, "The crown is equivalent to a maintained charge, not a tertiary charge." Therefore, there is a CD for removing the field but nothing for placement of the head vs. a fieldless badge.

This badge also conflicts with the badge of Phillipa Lloyd de Tarifa, Gules, a pile inverted throughout counter-ermine, overall a horse's head couped argent. Since Phillipa's armory could be blazoned equally well as Per chevron throughout gules and counter-ermine, a horse's head couped argent, there is only a single CD for the changes to the field.

Martelle von Charlottenburg and Eric von Charlottenburg. Joint badge change. Vert, a pair of arms counterembowed and interlaced maintaining a flanged mace inverted bendwise sinister and a pair of scissors bendwise points to chief Or.

This badge is returned for conflict with the device of Gregory Blount, Azure, two arms in armor, counterembowed and interlaced Or. There is a single CD for the change of tincture of the field but nothing for the maintained charges.

CAID

None.

CALONTIR

Emmelina Lutz. Device. Argent, a sea-dragon within a bordure wavy azure.

This device is in conflict with the badge of the Canton of Seashire, Argent, a sea-dragon erect gules, maintaining an escutcheon sable within a bordure wavy azure. There is a CD for the change of tincture of the primary charge, but nothing for the removal of the maintained escutcheon.

Olivia MacKay. Badge. (Fieldless) A columbine blossom palewise inverted purpure.

This badge is returned for lack of identifiability. Section VIII.3 of the Rules for Submissions says "Elements must be used in a design so as to preserve their individual identifiability." In this case, it is extremely difficult to identify this charge as a columbine blossom. The identifying characteristic of a columbine blossom is that the base of the blossom in the usual orientation looks like a pair of swan's heads. As drawn in this submission, most commenters thought that the flower on this badge might be a lily.

Rycharde de Stonham. Device. Azure, a pile throughout argent, overall a chevron charged with a wolf sejant ululant between two fleurs-de-lys all counterchanged.

This device is returned for being two steps from period practice.

The use of a wolf ululant has long been a step from period practice.

There was a question as to whether charging ordinaries counterchanged over other ordinaries was a period practice. Noir Licorne finds this precedent:

[Vert, a pile throughout Or and overall on a chevron three lozenges all counterchanged] ... We leave open the question of whether this is excessive counterchanging. If a similar design is resubmitted, we recommend that evidence of this type of counterchanging in period heraldry be provided. [Arianwen Teague, 2007/02 R-Northshield]

No documentation was submitted to show that this is a period motif. Commenters easily found documentation for piles counterchanged over chevrons, but none of the motifs had any other charges anywhere in the design. Therefore, we rule that charging ordinaries which are counterchanged over other ordinaries is a step from period practice.

Therefore, this device has two steps from period practice, one for the wolf ululant, another for charging an ordinary counterchanged over another ordinary.

EAST

Artemisia Bocca. Device. Or, a heart gules transfixed by an arrow bendwise sinister inverted Or barbed gules flighted vert all between three fleurs-de-lys vert.

This device is returned for having poor contrast. The tincture of the shaft of the arrow is identical to the field tincture. All charges which lie even partially on the field must have acceptable contrast with the field. When the tincture of the charge is identical to the field, no contrast exists at all.

Friedrich Parcifal. Badge. Vert, two axes addorsed argent.

This badge is returned for conflict with Wolfram von Eschenbach (important non-SCA arms), Gules, two battle axes addorsed argent hafted proper. There is a CD for changing the field tincture. There is not a CD for the change of type of axe, nor, by precedent, is there a CD for changing the tincture of the haft:

Note that under current precedent, there is no difference for changing the tincture of the hafts of the axes: "[A woodaxe reversed argent] Conflict with... a battle axe Or, headed argent, the edge to sinister... In each case there is... nothing for the change in tincture of the handle only." (LoAR June 1992 p.18). [Sefferey of Wessex, 02/02, A-Meridies]

The submitted design is clear of the device of Matthew Law of Aberdeen, Vert, a double-bitted axe argent, a Bourchier knot interlaced about the shaft Or. The knot in Matthew's device is large enough to be considered a secondary charge.

Michaela Amour. Device. Vert, in fess a rose slipped and leaved between two snakes respectant, erect and twined around the slip argent.

This device is in conflict with the device of David Gladstone, Vert, in fess a rose between two rats combattant argent. As drawn, the three charges are co-primaries. There is a CD for changing the type of two of the three primary charges, from rats to snakes, but there is not a CD for the entwining, since the rats are unable to be entwined about the rose.

The device is; however, clear of the device of William Silke, Vert, a rose slipped and leaved and a gore argent. There is a CD for the addition of the co-primary snakes and a CD for the removal of the secondary gore.

Were this to be resubmitted with snakes which are clearly secondaries, rather than co-primary, this design would be clear of both the above devices. The registration of David's device explicitly states that the design has three co-primary charges, so there would be a CD for removing the co-primary rats and a CD for the addition of the secondary snakes. William's would have a CD for the change of type of secondary, from gore to snake, and a CD for the change of number of secondary, from a single gore to two snakes.

Molly Schofield. Device. Gules, in fess two crossbows and on a chief argent, two mullets of four points elongated to base gules.

This device has been withdrawn by the submitter.

Petra Zennia Velikaiaskii. Name.

This is returned because of problems with the byname. The byname Zennia Velikaiaskii was intended to be a locative byname based on the place Zennia Velikaia. Unfortunately, no documentation was provided to show that in Russian, locative bynames based on compound place names used the full place name. On the contrary, we have evidence that this was not done. Carp notes that of "all the locative examples [of Novgorod] in Wickenden, none use the Velikii that was frequently appended when referring to the city itself." This suggests that the appropriate Russian locative byname based on Zennia Velikaia would be formed from Zennia alone. For a man, this would give the byname Zenniaskii. We would change the name to Petra Zenniaskii, but the submitter does not allow major changes, such as dropping an element.

His device was registered under the holding name Petra of Silver Rhylle.

LOCHAC

Ragi her{o,}r. Device. Sable, a chevron between two fire arrows inverted in chevron Or enflamed proper; and a helmet Or.

This device is returned for using a no longer registerable depiction of flames proper. Flames tinctured in two concentric colors, resembling fimbriation, have been disallowed since April 1995. Correctly drawn proper flames would have alternating tongues of red and yellow flame. Please see the Cover Letter for that month's LoAR for more discussion on proper flames.

MERIDIES

Harold Barthe. Belated return of name.

The name Harold Barthe was mistakenly registered on the July 2008 LoAR; a correction to the LoI had been issued indicating that the submitter was withdrawing the submission. We have received confirmation from the submitter that he did not want the name Harold Barthe registered, and so we are returning it here.

Harold of Barthe. Name change from holding name Harold of Arenal.

This is returned for lack of documentation of the byname.

A previous submission, identical to this, was returned in July 2007 with this reason:

As submitted, this name has two problems. First, it mixes the English preposition of with the modern German placename Barthe in violation of RfS III.1.a, Linguistic Consistency. Foreign placenames are only registerable with the English article of if the submitted spelling is one commonly used in English. In this case, no documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that Barthe is a spelling normally found in English. Second, no documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that Barthe is a spelling found in period. Brechenmacher, Etymologisches Woerterbuch der deutschen Familiennamen, s.n. Bart, says "ON < Barth (Pomm.). Die Masse der Belege "dictus B." (in m. Sammlung von 1262)," which dates Barth derived from the placename to 1262. We would change the name to Harold von Barth, in order to register it, but, while the submitter will allow a change of the article to von to make the name linguistically consistent, he will not allow changes to the spelling of the byname. Therefore, we are forced to return this name.

This resubmission documented of as an Old Frisian word, and so one plausibly in use through at least the 14th century. Unfortunately, Old Frisian of does not mean 'of', it means 'or'. Thus, of Barthe means 'or Barthe', which is not a properly constructed byname. Additionally, even if of Barthe were a grammatically correct construction using Old Frisian of, it would still violate RfS III.1.a unless documentation were provided that Barthe is an Old Frisian city name.

The submitter provided a copy of Ortelius's 1605 map of East and West Friesland showing that the city's name was spelled Barthe in the gray area. Since, the spellings on this map are Dutch, this would support van Barthe as a plausible byname. However, the submitter does not allow any changes, so we cannot change the name to Harold van Barthe, and we are forced to return it.

MIDDLE

Rydderch ap Morgan. Device. Per pall vert, argent and sable, two bezants in fess each charged with a lozenge throughout sable and two unicorns passant addorsed counterchanged.

This device is returned for being unblazonable. Precedent says: "This is not a lozenge throughout because it touches only two sides. We were unable to derive a blazon that would reproduce this emblazon." [Joscelin d'Outremer, R-Atlantia, 09/2005].

If the submitter wishes to resubmit this design, he should draw the lozenges with all their points touching the edges of the bezants or with none of the points touching the edges of the bezants.

Rydderch ap Morgan. Badge. Or, a lozenge throughout sable within a bordure vert.

This badge is returned for being unblazonable. Precedent says: "This is not a lozenge throughout because it touches only two sides. We were unable to derive a blazon that would reproduce this emblazon." [Joscelin d'Outremer, R-Atlantia, 09/2005].

Submitted as (Fieldless) On a bezant a lozenge sable throughout and a bordure vert, by precedent, "we do not register fieldless badges which appear to be independent forms of armorial display. Charges such as lozenges, billets, and roundels are all both standard heraldic charges and "shield shapes" for armorial display." [LoAR January 1998]. This is also sufficient grounds for return.

If the submitter wishes to resubmit something similar to this design, he should draw the lozenge with all its points touching the edge of the field or with none of the points touching the edge of the field.

Sibyl Sevenoke. Device. Per saltire gules and sable, four acorns bendwise Or enflamed proper.

This device is returned for a redraw. The tincture of the flames was not specified in the submitted blazon. An examination of the emblazon shows that the flames are tinctured gules fimbriated tenné, and sometimes then fimbriated Or. This coloration causes two separate issues, either of which is sufficient cause for return. First, the SCA has not accepted flames proper emblazoned as on a flame Or, a flame gules since April 1995. Flames proper are defined to be alternating tongues of Or and gules. Secondly, tenné (orange) is not considered part of 'proper' for flames. We do not register tenné in the SCA. Therefore, we cannot register flames proper which attempt to use this tincture.

Ysabel Verdelet. Device. Ermine, a fox sejant guardant proper maintaining a sprig of juniper vert between flaunches purpure.

This device is returned for multiple reasons, each of which is sufficient reason for return.

First, the device uses a proper fox, which has a white tail tip and throat, on an ermine field, which is mostly argent. There is no contrast between the field and the white parts of the animal, and we have consistently returned items with detailing that is lost against the field.

Second, the "flaunches" are not drawn properly. Properly drawn flaunches would (on a square field) be symmetric about a horizontal line at their widest part. On an escutcheon, they should still be seen to curve back towards the sides of the field at their base, they should not be widest at the base.

Third, the maintained charge is so small that it is not visible against the ermined background. While maintained charges do not count for difference, they must still be recognizable.

Finally, the tincture used for the "flaunches" on the form is neither purpure nor azure, rather it is somewhere in between those two tinctures.

Zafirah of White Waters. Name and device. Argent, a cross gules between in bend two crosses clechy sable.

The byname of White Waters was documented as an SCA branch name. However, the branch's name was registered as White Waters, Shire of the. We require bynames based on SCA branch names to use the full registered name of the group, including articles. We would change the name to Zafirah of the White Waters, but the submitter does not allow major changes, such as adding an element.

This device is returned for conflict with the flag of England, Argent, a cross gules. There is a single CD for the addition of the crosses clechy, but no other CDs.

NORTHSHIELD

None.

OUTLANDS

Salomea Thorunska. Device. Argent, a chevron engrailed gules between three bats sable within a bordure engrailed gules.

This device is returned for violation of section VII.7.a of the Rules for Submission, which says that "Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance." Too many commenters saw this as bats on clouds; under one in five of those shown the emblazon could provide an accurate blazon, even after studying it for many minutes.

SIREN

None.

TRIMARIS

Hruodland Colberht. Name change from holding name Hruodland of Starhaven.

This is being returned for lack of documentation for Colberht. Colberht was originally documented from Dauzat, Dictionnaire Etymologique des Noms de Famille et PrÃ©noms de France, s.n. Colbert, as a Germanic given name. However, Dauzat does not actually give Colberht as a Germanic given name, but lists Col-berht- as a hypothetical origin for French Colbert. The actual Germanic root appears to be the given name Colobert, according to Forssner, Continental-Germanic Personal Names in England in Old and Middle English Times, s.n. Colbert(us).

However, at the time that Colobert was in use, we do not have any examples of unmarked patronymic bynames. The expected byname based on the name Colobert would be the Latinized filius Coloberti, or, though more rarely, Coloberti. Hruodlandus filius Coloberti would be a lovely Latinized Old Germanic name. Alternatively, the byname Colbert is dated to 1205 in Reaney & Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, s.n. Colbert, and Roelandus is dated to 1212 s.n. Rowland. Roeland Colbert would be an excellent early 13th C English name. Unfortunately, changing the language of the byname from Germanic to either Latinized Germanic or English is a major change, which the submitter does not allow. We are therefore forced to return this name.

This was pended on the May 2008 LoAR.

WEST

None.

- Explicit littera renuntiationum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN PENDED UNTIL THE August 2009 LAUREL MEETING (OR AS NOTED):

OUTLANDS

Gwenhevare Lepard. Name.

Listed on the LoI as Gwenhevare Lepard, the name was originally submitted as Guenhevare Leopard. The LoI noted that the byname was changed in kingdom because documentation for the spelling Leopard could not be found, but gave no explanation for the change in the given name. The June 2008 Cover Letter says that "If information about changes made in kingdom is not provided in OSCAR, this omission will result in names being pended until the information is received, and systematic failure to provide this information will result in names being administratively returned." We are pending this name in accordance with this policy so that Rampart can provide the missing information.

The LoI originally included the following information:

Submitter desires a female name.

Sound most important.

Submitted as Gwenhevare Leopard, attempting to use the grandfather clause, no documentation of the legal relationship was provided and no documentation for the spelling Leopard was found, so the surname was changed to the documented form Lepard. Any assistance in documenting the spelling Leopard would be appreciated.

[Gwenhevare]: English surname form of Guenevere/Jennifer. Withycombe, s.n. [Guenevere] dated to "Shropshire in 1431." Additionally, R&W DES, s.n. [Jennifer] dates "Gwenhevare" also to 1431 (probably the same citation).

[Lepard]: registered surname of parent "Schawn Sterling Leopard", but no proof of mundane relationship was provided, so this spelling cannot be grandfathered. R&W DES, s.n. "Leopard, Leaphard, Leppard, Leppert, Lippard" cites only [Lepard] (1296), and [Lyppard] (1327).

This was item 5 on the Outlands letter of October 30, 2008.

- Explicit -