THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN REGISTERED:

AN TIR

Adiantum, Barony of. Badge. (Fieldless) Two bear's heads erased addorsed conjoined at the neck Or.

Ælfthryth il. Name change from Gwenlian Catharne.

Her previous name, Gwenlian Catharne, is retained as an alternate name.

Alessandra Lorenza Simonetti. Name and device. Or goutty de sang, a scorpion inverted sable.

Noir Licorne presented evidence from a previous LoAR which documented the use of a scorpion tergiant inverted as a crest in period: "There is a tergiant inverted scorpion as the crest of Sir William Sharington/Sherrington c. 1547 in Bedingfield and Gwynn-Jones' Heraldry, p. 104." Since the use of a scorpion tergiant inverted has been demonstrated in period, we rule that its use is not a step from period practice.

Alessandra Lorenza Simonetti. Badge. (Fieldless) A scorpion sable.

Alys Lakewood. Device. Barry vert and argent, two bendlets enhanced and in base a thistle Or.

Avacal, Principality of. Badge for University of Avacal. (Fieldless) On an open book quarterly argent and Or, in fess an Arabic lamp reversed sable lit and a griffin's head erased gules.

University of Avacal is a generic designator.

Caitilín Fhionn. Name and device. Per bend argent and gules, on a bend sable between a rose proper and a swan naiant, an arrow inverted argent.

The submitter requested authenticity for 14th-15th C Gaelic. While we have not found any examples of women using the byname Fhionn 'white', the masculine counterpart Fionn was very common during this period, and we have examples of women using other descriptive bynames referring to hair color or complexion, e.g., Bhallach 'freckled' and Dhubh 'black', both of which were used in the 15th C according to Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals". So while we cannot confirm that the name is authentic, it does seem quite likely that it is. We note, though, that using just a descriptive byname is unusual, and we recommend that the submitter consider adding a patronymic or clan affiliation byname.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the bend wider.

Cara de Lorraine. Name and device. Per chevron gules and sable, a unicorn salient contourny and a chief embattled Or.

This name combines Italian and French, which is a step from period practice.

Constance Wyatt. Household name Blywboote Inn and badge. (Fieldless) On a pavilion Or a boot azure.

Constance Wyatt. Badge. (Fieldless) A coney rampant argent charged on the shoulder with a heart gules.

Dante Machiavelli. Name and device. Gules, a bend sinister argent and in chief a hawk striking to sinister Or.

This name does not conflict with either Dante Alighieri or Niccolo Macchiavelli, and because the references are to period persons, the name is also not obtrusively modern.

Doireann Dechti. Name change from Muirgheal inghean Labhrain and badge change. (Fieldless) A bear rampant within and conjoined to an annulet sable.

The submitter requested authenticity for 14th C Scottish Gaelic. As we have not found any evidence that either element was used in Gaelic-speaking Scotland at any period, we cannot confirm that this name is authentic for her desired culture.

Her previous name, Muirgheal inghean Labhrain, is released.

Her old badge, Argent, a bear's jambe erased, in chief three blackberries sable hulled vert, is released.

Edouard d'Angers. Name and device. Per pale indented argent and azure, a wolf rampant contourny and a Latin cross crosslet counterchanged.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the cross and its crossbars much fatter.

Fernando Lobo. Name and device. Per pale azure and sable, a wolf's head ululant erased argent and a chief raguly Or.

While there is a blazonable difference between a wolf's head ululant and one bendwise, there is no difference granted. This head has the erasing horizontal, so it is ululant.

The use of a wolf's head ululant is a step from period practice.

Galiana Machiavelli. Name and device. Per chevron azure and gules, two quills of yarn and a pair of scissors inverted Or.

Submitted as Galena Machiavelli, Galena was documented as a feminine form of Galeno, the Italian form of Galen. No evidence was provided that either Galeno or Galena were used in Italian in our period. The most similar Italian feminine name that the commenters found is Galiana, in Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Italian names from Imola, 1312". We have changed the name to Galiana Machiavelli in order to register it.

Halla orðlokarr. Name and device. Azure, a Norse sun cross and on a chief indented argent three mullets azure.

Submitted as Halla Orðlokarr, we have changed the byname to orðlokarr to conform to current precedent concerning the capitalization of descriptive bynames in Old Norse.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the chief so that the points follow two parallel horizontal lines instead of lines tilting to one side.

Madrun Gwehyddes. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Madrun y Gwehyddes, none of the documented examples of the byname including the definite article y. We have dropped it to register the name as Madrun_Gwehyddes so that it conforms with period practice.

There was some question whether Madrun was registerable, since it was documented only as a modern form of the name. Bartrum, Early Welsh Genealogical Tracts, p. 61 lists Madrun in a late 13th C copy of a manuscript originally compiled in the 12th C, showing that this spelling was used in our period.

Myfanwy Loyt. Name reconsideration from Myvanwy Loyt.

Nicolas Hardel le Noreys. Name.

Nicolas Hardel le Noreys. Household name Hardel House.

Submitted as House Hardel, no documentation was provided for the construction House + <inherited surname> in English. When no preposition is used, the designator House comes after the descriptive element, e.g., Michael House and Peter Houwse, in Mari Elspeth nic Bryan and Juliana de Luna, "Names of English Colleges". We have changed the name to Hardel House in order to register it, as this is a smaller change than House of Hardel.

Odile Davignon. Device change. Argent, a swan naiant wings addorsed and on a chief sable three lozenges ployé argent.

Her old device, Azure, in pale a lotus blossom in profile and three chevronels braced argent, is retained as a badge.

Ofelia della Crusca. Reblazon of badge. (Fieldless) A tower sable masoned Or maintaining a unicorn's head issuant from its turrets argent.

When registered in July 1996 as (Fieldless) Issuant from a tower sable masoned Or a unicorn's head argent, the College did not have its current standard in place regarding maintained charges and sustained co-primaries. This reblazon makes clear the relative importance of the badge's charges.

Piers Dyaue. Name and device. Per bend gules and argent, a bend sable between a garb Or and a hop cone vert.

Submitted as Piers the Deaf, the submitter requested authenticity for English, 1325-1345. No examples were provided of the byname which used the definite article the. Additionally, we did not find any examples of the spelling deaf in his desired time period (they were either much earlier, pre early 13th C, or much later, post 1600). During the submitter's period, we find the following spellings (all from the Middle English Dictionary s.v. def): deue a1325, dyaf 1340, dyaue 1340 (twice). The spelling def occurs in Robert Mannyng of Brunne's Handlyng Synne, translated from French into Middle English sometime between 1303 and 1338. The spellings of the word with u are more common than those with f, and the spelling dyaue the most common of the examples we found in his period. To meet his request for authenticity, we have changed the name to Piers_Dyaue.

Ravenwulf fitz Gerald. Name and badge. (Fieldless) A sun in splendor per pale wavy Or and vert.

Reme the Burgundian. Name.

Reme is the submitter's legal given name. The byname the Burgundian is a lingua anglica form of le Bourgueignon, which appears 34 times in Uckelman, Names in the 1292 census of Paris. The same book also gives the French forms of the given name Remi and Remy. If the submitter is interested in an authentic 13th C French name, we recommend Remy le Bourgueignon or Remi le Bourgueignon.

Rose Campbell. Badge. (Fieldless) On a boot gules a capital letter "R" Or.

Selewine sacerdos Guytherin. Name and device. Per bend sinister purpure and Or, a patriarchal cross counterchanged.

Submitted as Selewine Offeiriad Gwytherin, no documentation was provided that bynames of the type Offeiriad + <place name> 'priest of <place name>' were used in Welsh. The cited Academy of Saint Gabriel Report, #3175, only gives evidence for this pattern in Latin:

You are right that a locative byname is not the best choice; during your period, we have found no examples of locative bynames which stand apart from a title or an occupation. However, among churchmen we find a wide variety of occupations and titular bynames, including the following Latin terms: [2]

-	episcopus (bishop)

-	magister (master, teacher)

-	doctor (probably a teacher of some sort)

-	presbiter (a religious functionary)

-	scriptor (writer, scribe)

-	lector (reader, lecturer)

-	sacerdos (priest)

-	abbas (abbot)

-	archidiaconus (archdeacon)

These titles were sometimes found in association with place names, e.g. <abbas Nant Carban>, <sacerdos Ilduit>, <lector Catoci>. [2] In the first example, <Nant Carban> is the name of a church. In the second two examples, the Latinized given name of the dedicatory saint stands in for the church. This gives us two patterns from which we could construct a byname with the references you desire.

Saint Gwenfrewy's name was recorded as <Wenefreda> in Latin [3,5], so <sacerdos Wenefrede> 'priest of Wenefreda' is a suitable byname following the pattern of the second two examples. (The change from <Wenfreda> [sic] to <Wenefrede> is again a change to the possessive form of the name.) In a "lives of the saints" from the early 12th century, <Gwytherin> is recorded in Latin as <Guytherin> [5], so based on this <sacerdos Guytherin> 'priest of Guytherin' is also a plausible byname. [4]

We have changed the name to Selewine sacerdos Guytherin to register it.

Some questioned whether a byname meaning 'priest of <place name> or 'priest of <saint's name>' is presumptuous. The use of Offeiriad is presumptuous, because it implies ordination. Harpy explains:

Keep in mind that offeiriad (in whatever form) means specifically an ordained priest, not simply any person in religious orders. (The word comes originally from a root meaning "the person who makes the offering at mass".) If your intention is for your persona to be a monk, but not specifically a priest, then this isn't the word you want. The word for "monk" that shows up in personal names is "mynach".

RfS VI forbids the registration of names which appear to make claims to powers or ranks that the submitter does not have. Since Offeiriad implies ordination, and we do not ordain people in the SCA, it is not registerable. The word sacerdos, on the other hand, does not have the connotation of ordination, so it does not violate RfS VI.1 or VI.2.

Serena Duran de Paz. Name and device. Per chevron throughout sable and vert, two ermine spots and a seahorse contourny Or.

Sumayya of Yibna. Name change from Annelise von Aachen and device change. Azure, an elephant passant maintaining on its back a tower argent, on a chief Or three Maltese crosses gules.

Submitted as Sumayya al Ibelin, the byname al Ibelin was intended to mean "from Ibelin". However, it does not; it means "the Ibelin", where Ibelin is the Crusaders' name for the Arabic town Yibna or Yubna. While a byname based on the Arabic name of the town is plausible, we have not been able to determine what form such a byname would take. The submitter requested authenticity for Arabic language/culture; the best that we can offer her is a lingua anglica translation of whatever the appropriate Arabic feminine byname meaning "of Yibna" is. We have changed the name to Sumayya of Yibna to meet her request for authenticity as best we can. We note that Sumayya de Ibelin, combining Arabic and Latin, would also be registerable, but a step from period practice.

Her previous name, Annelise von Aachen, is retained as an alternate name.

Her old armory, Per chevron gules and purpure, a chevron dovetailed between two lit Arabian lamps spouts to center and a dove migrant argent, is retained as a badge.

Torric inn Björn. Reblazon of badge. (Fieldless) A tower sable masoned Or maintaining a brown bear's head issuant from its turrets proper.

When registered in July 1996 as (Fieldless) Issuant from the top of a tower sable masoned Or a brown bear's head proper, the College did not have its current standard in place regarding maintained charges and sustained co-primaries. This reblazon makes clear the relative importance of the badge's charges.

William Mor. Badge. Argent, a chevron throughout and a chevron inverted throughout braced all within a bordure sable.

Please instruct the submitter to draw better internal detailing on the bracing. The chevrons should not appear to be a single charge.

William of Glyn Dwfn. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per saltire sable and gules, a horse rampant within an orle of chain argent.

The submitter is a knight, entitled to display a closed loop of chain in his armory.

Submitted under the name William Brannan.

ANSTEORRA

Trelac, Shire of. Badge. Per fess argent and azure, three gouttes azure.

Trelac, Shire of. Badge for the Trelac Guard. Azure, a donkey sejant maintaining a spear over its shoulder argent, a chief checky azure and argent.

Trelac Guard is a generic designator.

ATENVELDT

al-Yasamin bint Malik. Name.

Submitted as Yasmeen bint Malik, the only documentation provided for the variant spelling Yasmeen was a reference to a previous registration, from 1985. Past registration is no guarantee of current registerability, especially when the previous registration was made nearly 25 years ago. Several Middle Eastern forms of Jasmine are listed in Whitcher and Uckelman, "Concerning the Names Jasmine, Yasmin, Yasaman, and the Like", including Arabic al-Y{a-}sam{i-}n, Turkish Yasemin, and Persian Y{a-}saman. None of these forms omit the intervocalic syllable, so it is unlikely that Yasmeen is a plausible period variant. The submitter cares most about Arabic language/culture, which means that the form al-Y{a-}sam{i-}n, or al-Yasamin without the long vowels marked, is most appropriate. We have changed the name to al-Yasamin bint Malik in order to register it.

Since Malik is on the List of Alternate Titles as the approved Arabic alternate title for 'king', there was some question whether the byname bint Malik is presumptuous. It is not. Precedent says:

Malik 'Abd alRahman. Name. This was pended from the April 1997 LoAR for more information as to whether the name was presumptuous. While Malik (in the original Arabic) is a documented name, one of the transliterations of the Arabic word for king is transliterated in the same way. To answer this question, we quote al-Jamal:

. . .the grammar of Arabic would keep the name Malik `Abd alRahman from being considered a claim to being an `Abd al Rahman who was a king. A "King `Abd alRahman" would be al-Malik `Abd alRahman; the king `Abd alRahman. The nonuse of the article here takes the name out of the realm of presumption. (Even addressing the king directly would use the article: not Ya malik ("oh, king"), but Ya al-Malik (the effective equivalent of "your Majesty"). Only when speaking of kings generally or impersonally would one drop the definite article.) All of the Arabic alternate titles work this way. For example, in the SCA I am not Shayk Da'ud or Mu'allim Da'ud. The proper usage is ash-Shayk Da'ud or al-Mu'allim Da'ud. Ansteorra's current king is not Sultan (or Malik) `Abd alMahdi, he is as-Sultan (or al-Malik) `Abd alMahdi.

Having received assurance that the name is not presumptuous, we see no reason not to register it. [08/1997]

Without the definite article al- before Malik, the byname cannot be interpreted as 'daughter of the king', so it is not presumptuous.

Anerain Pabodie. Name and device. Gyronny of six palewise sable and argent, on a chief gules a griffin contourny Or.

Submitted as Aneirin Peaboadie, Aneirin was documented as a 13th C spelling of the name of a 6th C Welsh poet. No evidence was provided that this name was still in use during the 13th C, and lacking such evidence, a 13th C spelling is not registerable. A similar name, Anerain, is dated to 1292 in Francis Jones, "The Subsidy of 1292 [covering Abergavenny and Cilgerran]", Bulletin of the Board of Celtic Studies, 13.

No documentation was provided, and none could be found by the commenters, that Peaboadie is a plausible variant spelling of the English byname Peabody, at any period. The submitter indicated that if Peaboadie wasn't registerable, he preferred the spelling Pabodie. This spelling can be found in the IGI Parish Record extracts, in the entries of Margaret Pabodie, mar. Nicholas Belche, 01 Dec. 1588, St. Mary Somerset, London, and Richarde Pabodie, mar. Margaret Harison, 11 Nov. 1582, St. Mary Somerset, London.

We have changed the name to Anerain Pabodie in order to register it.

Bartholomew of Wolfetwain. Badge. (Fieldless) In pale a tree issuant from a wooden bucket all proper.

Carolina Nanni. Device. Or, on a pomme a sunflower proper, a bordure sable.

Cathán Ultaig. Name.

Submitted as Cú Cathán Ultaig, the LoI documented the compound given name Cú Cathán on the basis of the numerous Cú X given names found in Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals", specifically the example of Cú Ríán, which apparently uses the masculine given name Ríán as the second element. Rowel provides further information about Cú X given names:

In <Cú [X]> style names, the overwhelming majority of the [X] elements are geographical references: either formal placenames (such as <Cú Muman> 'hound [of] Munster') or toponymic descriptions (such as <Cú Lacha> 'hound [of the] Lake'). (It is important to note that, in both of these examples, the word following <Cú> is in the genitive case. The nominative form for 'Munster' is <Muma> and the nominative form for 'Lake' is <Loch>.)

So far, I've only found two examples where the [X] in a <Cú [X]> style name could even possibly be a man's given name and in both cases that origin is actually pretty unlikely.

One name (<Cú Dubhán>) is a standard diminutive of an existing name (<Cú Dubh>), and so cannot be reliably viewed as support for this construction; it's probable that it is merely a diminutive of the existing name.

The other name (<Cú Ríáin>) has a final element that is hard to pin down.

The experts are split on it's [sic] origin. Some assert that it means "<Ríán>'s hound". However, per the DIL gives the genitive of <rian> as <rein> - but that does not match the genitives found in The Annals of the Four Masters. Some sources assert the second element in <Cú Ríáin> derives from a form of <righ> 'king'.

So, the root of the second element may be a given name but it at least as probable (or more so) that it is a conjugated form of a regular word. A number of <Cú [X]> names are formed from locatives, so it is also possible that the root is some form of a formal placename.

Given this information, I have to unfortunately conclude that we don't have solid evidence that period <Cú [X]> style names would be formed based on a man's given name.

Lacking such evidence, Cú Cathán is not registerable. The simple given name Cathán is, however; it is dated between 914 and 1036 in Mari's article cited above. We have changed the name to _Cathán Ultaig in order to register it.

Cerdic of Anglesey. Name change from holding name Cerdic of Atenveldt and badge. (Fieldless) A triskele per pale sable and argent.

The byname of Anglesey is a lingua anglica form of the byname æt Angles ege. Angles ege is dated as a late 11th C, Old English form in Bosworth Toller, Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, s.n. Angles eg.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the arms of the triskele somewhat more substantially, so that it is more easily recognized.

David of Mons Tonitrus. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Argent, a rapier bendwise surmounted by a fleur-de-lys azure.

Submitted under the name David Maurice.

Galen MacKintoch. Device. Sable, a bend vert fimbriated Or, in sinister chief a sinister wing with a hand issuant sustaining a sword bendwise argent.

Ívarr haukr. Name.

The submitter requested authenticity for 10th C Viking/Old Norse. While we have not found any examples of haukr 'hawk' being used as a byname, there are many examples of bird bynames in Landnámabók, which covers the late 9th C through the early 11th C, including kráka 'crow', sp{o,}rr 'sparrow', hani 'rooster', hegri 'heron', Hrafna- 'raven-', Kaða- 'hen-', korpr 'corbie', pái 'peacock', skarfr 'cormorant', titlingr 'sparrow', and {o,}rn 'eagle'. Thus, haukr seems completely plausible for his desired period.

Mirhaxa av Morktorn. Reblazon of badge. Or, a tower sable within seven mullets in annulo vert.

Blazoned when registered, in February 1981, as Or, a tower sable with seven mullets in annulo vert, we have specified the relative position of the tower and annulets.

Nora Rose Tennepenny. Name and device. Per chevron purpure and Or, two horseshoes inverted Or and a thistle proper.

Submitted as Norah Rose Tenpenny, no documentation was provided, and none could be found, that Norah is a period spelling. The spelling Nora is found in English; Nora is dated to 1379 in Bardsley, A Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames, s.n. Manning, and Edelweiss cites from the IGI Parish Record abstracts Nora Bernardi, bap. 15 Oct. 1578, Landewednack, Cornwall, and Nora Irish mar. Cornwall Denys, 25 Jan. 1562, East Newlyn, Cornwall, as well as William Tennepenny bap. 02 March 1549, Holt, Worcestershire.

The submitter requested authenticity (for an unspecified language/culture). No dated examples of Tenpenny were provided on the LoI; we have changed the name to Nora Rose Tennepenny to make the name authentic for 16th C English.

Commenters noted that the black and white emblazon and the colored emblazon were different. While section V.B.2.e of the Administrative Handbook, requires "an accurate representation of each piece of submitted armory," it goes on to say that "The colored copy must be a scan of the original," without mentioning that the black and white must be. The colored emblazon appears to be a scan of the submission form. While there are minor differences between the emblazons, they fall well within the realm of artistic license.

Zhigmun' Broghammer. Badge. (Fieldless) An ermine spot azure ermined Or.

By precedent, ermine spots are considered to be a single charge for purposes of a fieldless design:

The ermine spot is considered a single charge, and is acceptable for fieldless badges [Eduard Halidai, July, 1992, pg. 3]

Zhigmun' Broghammer. Badge. (Fieldless) A sinister wing with a bird's foot issuant azure maintaining an ermine spot Or.

ATLANTIA

Al Altan. Name and device. Or, three eagles gules.

It was the consensus of the commenters that Al Altan, the daughter of Genghis Khan, was not important enough to protect from conflict.

Nice device!

Arnóra hrafn Óláfsdóttir. Device change. Per bend gules and Or, a raven volant bendwise within a bordure sable.

This is not a conflict with Padraic the Fierce, Per pale and per saltire embowed counter-embowed argent and azure, a raven rising, wings addorsed, and a bordure sable. There is a CD for the changes to the field and a CD for the change of posture, from rising (which has the wings elevated and addorsed) to volant bendwise (which has one wing up and one wing down).

Her old device, Lozengy gules and Or, a raven within a bordure sable, is retained as a badge.

Caitilin Irruis inghean ui Riada. Name.

Listed on the LoI as Caitilín Irruis inghean uí Riada, the name was originally submitted as Caitilin Irruis inghean ui Riada, without the accents. Since Irish names are registerable with the accents dropped uniformly throughout, and the submitter has not requested authenticity, there was no need for the accents to be added. We have restored the name to the originally submitted form.

Calle Dore. Name and device. Azure, a bend doubly cotised argent.

This name combines Dutch and English, which is a step from period practice.

This device is clear of the device of Walter of Lowestoft, Azure, a bend and in sinister canton four poppy-bolls, all argent. There is a CD for the change of type of secondary charges and a CD for the change of arrangement of half of the secondary charges.

Nice armory!

Ceara ni Néill. Device change. Azure, a sea-goat Or within a bordure embattled Or hurty.

Her old device, Vert, a sea-goat contourny Or within a bordure indented Or hurty, is released.

Edward Tallis. Name.

Nice name!

Elizabeth Pynnoke. Name.

The submitter requested authenticity for 15th C England. While the byname Pynnoke was dated to 1521 on the LoI, this spelling was also found in the 15th C. Dormer Harris, The Coventry Leet Book: or Mayor's Register: Containing the Records of "the City Court Leet or View of Frankpledge, A.D. 1420-1555, with Divers Other Matters", dates Stevyn Pynnoke to 1490 on p. 541.

Giacinta of Highland Foorde. Name.

Submitted as Jacintha of Highland Foorde, the given name Jacintha was documented as the modern form of a name of someone who was married in 1081. The citation was in a footnote which did not cite its sources, and we have been unable to track down how this woman's name was recorded in contemporary records, or to confirm that Jacintha is a period form of the name. The only period citations of this name that we have found are in Italian contexts. Academy of Saint Gabriel Report #3010 says:

<Giacinta> is the Italian form of <Hyacinth>; it is identical to the Italian name for the flower [1, 2]. It was pronounced jah-TCHEEN-tah. We have not found clear evidence that <Giacinta> was in use before 1600 [9, 10, 11]. [ed. But see below.] The best-known bearer of the name was Saint Giacinta Marescotti, 1585-1640; but she adopted the name after she joined the Franciscan order in her twenties. Her original name was <Claricia> [3]. We did find one possible example of a woman using the name before the end of our period: <Giacinta Baliani>, who married an Italian nobleman born in 1589 [4]. We don't know whether the woman herself was born before 1600, though: She could easily have been more than eleven years younger than her husband. This is the closest we've come to a period example of <Giacinta>. We also found a couple early 17th century examples in another Italian noble family [5]. It appears that this name came into use right around 1600, possibly a few years before. If you want a name suitable for the late 15th century, then we recommend you choose a different given name.

Addendum, Arval, 9 Mar 2005: Ary turned up an example of <Iaquinta> 999 and another of masculine <Iaquintus> 1028 in southern Italy. Of course, these examples don't really make it any more likely that the name was used in the 15th century.

Giacinta is more similar to Jacintha than Iaquinta is, so we have changed the name to Giacinta of Highland Foorde in order to register it.

Highland Foorde is the registered name of an SCA branch.

Godric Linch. Name.

Grímkell Tannason. Device. Argent, in pale pair of wings conjoined in lure sable and an oak tree eradicated gules.

Guntram Obermann. Name and device. Per pale dovetailed gules and argent, an arrow argent and a crow sable.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the arrow slightly thicker, so it can be more easily seen against the background.

Gwenhevare of Alnwick. Name.

Jack Black of Flint. Device. Per bend sinister argent and sable, a club bendwise sinister and a skull counterchanged.

Martine Picot. Name and device. Or, on a chevron azure between three martens statant proper five annulets argent.

A marten proper is brown.

Martine Picot. Badge. Or, the letter "M" between five annulets, one, two, and two, azure.

Melisant de Bretagne. Name and device. Per chevron gules and Or, two rapiers inverted in chevron Or and a peacock feather proper.

Submitted as Melisande de Bretagne, precedent says:

Milesenda de Bourges. Name. Submitted as Melisande de Bourges, several variant spellings of this name exist, but none that support the -sande spelling. Therefore, we have changed the given name to Milesenda, a form documented from Morlet, Les Noms de Personne sur le Territoire de L'Ancienne Gaule du VIe au XIIe Siècle. [LoAR 05/2004, East-A]

Other period forms of the name include Melisent 1202, Melisant 1213, Milicenta, Millisenta 1273, and Mylisant 1370, in Withycombe, Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names, s.n. Millicent; Milisendis 1179, Milisent and Melisentia 1208, in Reaney & Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, s.n. Millicent; and Melissent and Milessenz in an Old French translation of William of Tyre's Historia rerum in partibus transmarinis gestarum. These examples do not support the variant form Melisande. We have changed the name to Melisant de Bretagne, using the most similar spelling of the given name, in order to register it.

Muirenn ingen uí Fhlannacáin. Name.

Niccolina the Wanderer. Badge. (Fieldless) In pale a rat rampant sable maintaining a mullet and standing atop a crescent pendant purpure.

Ormr Gunnarsson. Device. Sable, on a bezant a serpent glissant palewise vert, a bordure raguly Or.

Riacat of Ponte Alto. Name.

Ponte Alto is the registered name of an SCA branch.

Sorcha Crowe. Device. Azure, a sun argent eclipsed azure within a bordure argent semy of crows azure.

The November 1991 precedent continuing the 1985 policy forbidding suns eclipsed "of the field" is overturned for cases when the eclipsing is a solid tincture. We feel that it is contrary to our first principles to require an increase in complexity (an additional tincture) in this case. As eclipsing is essentially a tertiary charge on the sun, and we allow other tertiary charges to share a tincture with the field, we seen no reason to continue this ban. However, we will not use the term of the field.

This follows many years of the practice being allowed de facto, though not de jure. We have consistently registered suns eclipsed in the same tincture as the field since that 1991 reaffirmation.

Vilhjálmr bani. Name.

Listed on the LoI as Vilhjámr spjótsbani, a timely correction was issued changing the name to Vilhjálmr spjótsbani.

Submitted as Vilhjálmr spjótsbani, no evidence was provided that spjótsbani 'spear's bane' follows patterns of period Old Norse byname. The byname was constructed in analogy to the byname berserkjabani 'berserk's bane', in Geirr Bassi Haraldsson, The Old Norse Name. Additionally, Vigfusson and Powell, Sigfred, Arminius and Other Papers has literary examples where the slayer of a man is named after the person slain: Fáfnis bani, Hundings bani, bróðor bani, sonar bani (p. 63). In each of these examples, the object of 'bane' is a person, not an object. Golden Dolphin also provided compounds where bani is being used metaphorically for an inanimate object, such as bani viðar 'bane of wood', a figurative name for 'fire' found in Cleasby-Vigfussen, Icelandic-English Dictionary, s.v. bani. However, no evidence was provided that this metaphorical usage was ever used in the context of describing people. Lacking such evidence, it is not clear that the descriptive spjótsbani is a plausible description of a person. The simple descriptive bani 'bane' is a reasonable byname. Since the submitter allows all changes, we have changed the name to Vilhjálmr _bani in order to register it.

William Garrett. Name.

Nice name!

William Pynnoke. Name.

The submitter requested authenticity for 15th C England. While the byname Pynnoke was dated to 1521 on the LoI, this spelling was also found in the 15th C. Dormer Harris, The Coventry Leet Book: or Mayor's Register: Containing the Records of "the City Court Leet or View of Frankpledge, A.D. 1420-1555, with Divers Other Matters", dates Stevyn Pynnoke to 1490 on p. 541.

CALONTIR

Brian Logan the Bowyer. Name change from holding name Brian of Coeur d'Ennui.

Calontir, Kingdom of. Transfer of heraldic title Blanch Tyger Herald to Ines Alfón.

Daire Leboucher. Device. Argent, a salamander tergiant sable enflamed azure.

As drawn, the enflaming on both this submission and on the badge of the Barony of Bhakail, (Fieldless) A salamander tergiant sable, enflamed proper, are substantial enough that the enflaming is equivalent to half the charge. Therefore, there is a CD for the difference between fielded and fieldless armory and another CD for the change of tincture of the flames.

Daire Leboucher. Badge. (Fieldless) A salamander tergiant bendwise sinister sable enflamed azure.

This badge is clear by X.2 of the badge for the Barony of Bhakail's Order of the Salamander, Gules, on a flame Or a natural salamander tergiant bendwise sinister sable, reblazoned elsewhere in this letter.

Delis Alms. Badge for Arian verch Gwydion. (Fieldless) A winged llama statant contourny argent.

The website used to document the submission was not available by the time commenters checked the website, and the documentation was not actually summarized on the LoI. Thankfully, Keythong provided documentation that Sir Francis Drake and his crew encountered llamas near the port of Arica in late January 1579. The word can be found in print in Europe in 1600, according to the OED. Based on these examples, llamas are registerable since they are known in the period and domain of the Society.

The use of New-World fauna not demonstrated as a period charge is a step from period practice. Adding wings to an animal to make a winged monster is a period practice.

Dimitrii Miasnikov. Name.

Dis in bareyska. Name.

Ines Alfón. Acceptance of transfer of heraldic title Blanch Tyger Herald from Calontir, Kingdom of.

Joscelyn Gloriette de Saint James. Name (see RETURNS for device and badge).

Submitted as Joscelyn Gloriette de St. James, we do not register scribal abbreviations such as St.. We have expanded the byname to de Saint James in order to register it.

Krystyn i Lund. Name and device. Purpure, three pairs of keys in saltire wards to chief Or.

Nice armory!

Marcus Geminius Lupus. Name and device. Bendy argent and sable, a wolf rampant and a chief gules.

Onóra inghean uí Chon Mhara. Name.

The submitter requested authenticity for 14th-16th C Irish. We've found only one example of Onóra before the 16th C, so the name is unusual for the early part of her period, but an excellent choice for the 16th C.

Randolph Fletcher. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Nice 16th C English name!

Robert of Oak Heart. Name and device. Per bend sinister vert and azure, a bend sinister embattled counter-embattled between a bull rampant and an ounce rampant contourny and incensed argent.

Submitted as Robert of Oakheart, Oakheart was documented as the name of an SCA branch. However, the registered form of the branch name is actually Oak Heart. We have corrected the name to Robert of Oak Heart in order to register it.

Since the creature does not have visible spots, it is not an English panther, which is a heraldic monster.

Rohese de Dinan. Badge. (Fieldless) A rose per pale azure and vert.

Seonaid Upton. Name.

Submitted as Sinead Upton, Sinead was documented from Ó Corráin & Maguire, Irish Names, s.n. Sibán. However, that entry merely says: "Sinéad and Sineaid are Irish forms of the French and English diminutives Jonet, Janeta, and Jennet." When Ó Corráin & Maguire use the present tense like this, they are discussing contemporary (i.e., modern) usage, not medieval usage. Thus, this entry does not provide any support for Sinéad as a period name. Krossa, "Scottish Gaelic Given Names", notes that the early 16th C Book of the Dean of Lismore has examples of the name in the bynames Mak soonayd and v'soynoid. The Book of the Dean of Lismore, while written in Gaelic, uses Scots-style spelling rather than standard Gaelic spelling. The most likely standardized Gaelic spelling of the name, on the basis of these two examples, is Seonaid. We are willing to give the submitter the benefit of the doubt that Seonaid is a period Gaelic form. We have changed the name to Seonaid Upton in order to register it. This name combines Gaelic and English, which is a step from period practice.

Simon Aspatins. Name and device. Argent, on a pale endorsed between two roosters sable, a rooster argent.

The submitter requested authenticity for 14th C English. Both elements of the name were dated to the 13th C on the LoI. Simon was also used in England in the 14th C; Julian Goodwyn, "English Names from Pre-1600 Brass Inscriptions", dates the name to 1306. We could not find any 14th C examples of the byname, so we cannot confirm that the entire name is authentic. If the submitter would like a name with a similar meaning which can be dated to the 14th C, we recommend Simon Patynmaker or Simon Patener. Patynmaker is dated to 1379 and Patener to 1381 in Reaney & Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, s.n. Patten.

Talia Griffin. Name and device. Argent, a griffin contourny and on a chief sable an increscent and a decrescent argent.

This name combines Italian and English, which is a step from period practice. If the submitter is interested in a wholly Italian name, we recommend Talia Grifoni. The family name Grifoni is found once in the list of family names in Herlihy, Litchfield, Molho, & Barducci, "Online Tratte of Office Holders 1282-1532".

Nice cant!

William of the Lonely Tower. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Argent, a wolf rampant contourny and on a chief embattled purpure three mullets argent.

Submitted under the name William le Wolfe.

Wyvern Cliffe, Shire of. Device change. Per bend argent and Or, a bend wavy azure between a wyvern erect gules and a laurel wreath purpure.

Their old device, Checky azure and argent, a wyvern erect gules within a laurel wreath in orle Or, is released.

DRACHENWALD

Constanza of Thamesreach. Name.

Thamesreach is the registered name of an SCA branch.

Hedwig Bosdotter. Name.

This name combines German and Swedish, which is a step from period practice.

Tamara of Thamesreach. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Argent, five linden leaves in saltire vert within a bordure gules.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the linden leaves slightly larger, to better fill the available space.

Submitted under the name Tamara Melniklieva.

EAST

al-`Aliyya bint `Abd al-Rahman al-Basira. Name.

Alesone Gray of Cranlegh. Name change from holding name Alesone of Carolingia and badge. (Fieldless) Two rapiers inverted in saltire argent and overall a crow sable.

Bhakail, Barony of. Reblazon of badge for the Order of the Salamander. Gules, on a flame Or a natural salamander tergiant bendwise sinister sable.

Blazoned when registered, in January of 1983, as Gules, a salamander tergiant displayed bendwise sinister sable enflamed Or, the so-called enflaming is a ball of flame on which the lizard is drawn. Heraldic salamanders are enflamed, which means that they are spouting small spurts of flame.

Brunissende Dragonette de Broceliande. Reblazon of device. (Fieldless) A lantern gules paned argent.

Blazoned when registered in September 2005 as (Fieldless) A lantern gules, that would have the entire lantern gules, including the glass. The glass is not enough to be considered half the charge.

Creatura Christi of Oakes. Device. Per bend counterembowed embowed azure and vert, two oak sprigs fructed counterchanged argent and Or.

Griffith Davion. Badge. (Fieldless) A lantern vert paned argent.

Isabelle of Carolingia. Device. Purpure, a cross between in bend two anchors and in bend sinister two bells and on a chief Or a rose fesswise purpure slipped and leaved vert.

Jehane de Fenwyk. Acceptance of device transfer from Noah de Fenwyk. Azure, three enfields rampant within a bordure Or.

Jibril ibn `Ammar al-Fayyad. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Katryne Blak. Device change (see RETURNS for name change). Azure, a crescent pendant Or and a bordure denticulada argent.

Her old device, Argent, a fox passant gules within a bordure per saltire sable and gules, is retained as a badge.

Nice armory!

Malcolm Leslie of Aberdeen. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Melchior Kriebel. Name and device. Azure, on a bend sinister between a musket bendwise sinister and a cannon barrel reversed argent, a rapier azure.

Kriebel is the submitter's legal surname.

The device is clear of the device of Megen Paget, Azure, a bend sinister argent, in bend three dragonflies bendwise sinister counterchanged. There is a CD for the change of type of secondary charges and a CD for the change of orientation of half of the secondary charge group, from bendwise sinister to fesswise. There is not an additional CD for changing only the type of the tertiary charge group because Melchior's device has more than two types of charge placed directly on the field, making it unsuitable for purposes of section X.4.j.ii of the Rules for Submission.

Mondette Ludwig. Name.

This name combines Occitan and German, which is a step from period practice.

Noah de Fenwyk. Device change. Azure, three enfields rampant and a bordure Or, overall a label argent.

His old device is transferred elsewhere on this LoAR. He has permission to conflict with Jehane de Fenwyk, Azure, three enfields rampant within a bordure Or.

Noah de Fenwyk. Transfer of device to Jehane de Fenwyk. Azure, three enfields rampant within a bordure Or.

Sorcha Dhonn of Brennisteinvatn. Device. Argent, a badger rampant sable marked argent and on a chief sable three mullets argent.

Tryn of Iron Bog. Badge. Per bend sinister argent and azure, a Thor's hammer counterchanged.

GLEANN ABHANN

Michael Ælles sunu. Name change from Mychel Boese.

Listed on the LoI as Michael Ælle sunnu, the name was originally submitted as Michael fitz Ælle and changed in kingdom because the byname fitz Ælle violated RfS III.1.a Linguistic Consistency by combining Anglo-Norman fitz with Old English Ælle. The byname Ælle sunnu is not correctly constructed. First, the standard Old English word for 'son' is sunu, not sunnu (which is 'sun'). Second, in the context of a patronymic byname, Ælle needs to be in the genitive case, e.g., Ælles. We have changed the name to Michael Ælles sunu to fix these problems.

We note that if the submitter is more interested in a fitz- style byname than in Anglo-Saxon culture, we can recommend the name Michael fitz Alle. Reaney & Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, s.n. Ale dates John Ale 1296 and Thomas Alle 1379. These are patronymic bynames from Middle English Ala.

His previous name, Mychel Boese, is released.

Sárán mac Ímair. Device change. Gules, a yale rampant Or within an orle of bezants.

His old armory, Argent, a glaive vert, is released.

LAUREL

Gawain. Device (important non-SCA armory). Gules, a mullet voided and interlaced Or.

This armory, found in the 14th century Middle English poem Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is being protected as one of the most well-known pieces of literary armory. Section III.B.6 of the Administrative Handbook says: "The armory of major characters or significant geographical locations from period or modern literary works of all genres and media (including visual, aural, and written works) may be protected on a case-by-case basis. Armory considered sufficiently important will be listed in the Society Armorial and Ordinary when it is brought to Laurel's attention, but is protected prior to that addition." This armory was not previously explicitly protected due to our ban on mullets voided and interlaced, which was overturned the same month this device was proposed for protection. This device is being protected because it is well known both inside and outside the SCA as the armory of Gawain, precisely because of its appearance in this literary work.

MERIDIES

Arabella MacKenzie de Ross. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Arabella McKenzie de Ross, we have expanded the scribal abbreviation Mc to Mac in accordance with precedent set on the September 2007 Cover Letter.

Beatrix de Coninck. Device. Per saltire Or and argent, on a lozenge vert a crane in its vigilance argent legged Or.

Bran Buchanan. Name.

This does not conflict with either Brendon Buchanan or Brianna Buchanan. The given name Bran differs significantly from Brendon and Brianna in both sound and appearance.

Cordell of Phoenix Glade. Name and device. Sable, two monkeys sejant respectant and in base a tankard argent.

The submitter desired a masculine name, but the only examples cited on the LoI were feminine. Edelweiss provided examples of Cordell being used by English men at the end of our period:

This is a rare name in the IGI but there is a large minority of males in the extracted records:

Cordell Banks mar. Martha Euerat, 25 Oct. 1651, St Gile Cripplegate, London

Cordell Brookes bap. 12 Jan. 1625, St. James, Clerkenwell, London

Cordell Savell bap. 05 Dec. 1583, Leigh, Lancashire

Cordell Savell (father also Cordell) bap. 19 Jan. 1619, St. James, Clerkenwell, London

Phoenix Glade is the registered name of an SCA branch.

Dimitrii Volkov Moskvin. Name and device. Gules, a wolf rampant argent and in chief a mullet between a sickle bendwise sinister reversed and a sickle bendwise Or.

Submitted as Dimitrii Volkov Moskuayn, the correct Russian byname meaning "[man] from Moskow" is Moskvin. We have made this correction.

Dragonet de Lyon. Device. Quarterly gules and sable, five fleurs-de-lys in cross and a bordure engrailed Or.

Francesca della Luna. Name and device. Quarterly wavy sable and argent, two increscent moons argent and two irises azure slipped and leaved vert.

Submitted as Francesca Dellaluna, the citation for DELLALUNA in the cited documentation represents the byname della Luna, not Dellaluna. We have made this correction to the name.

Francesca della Luna. Badge. (Fieldless) An iris bendwise sinister azure slipped and leaved vert.

Ginevra Bagnesi da Diacceto. Badge. (Fieldless) A fleur-de-lys per pale ermine and vert.

Godfrey de Calais. Name.

Katerine of Arenal. Name and device. Per chevron sable and gules, a chevron and in chief two horses salient respectant argent.

Arenal is the registered name of an SCA branch.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the chevron somewhat higher on the shield. A correctly drawn chevron should split the field evenly into two parts.

Luis Alonso de Lerida. Device. Per saltire paly Or and gules and argent, two wolves rampant addorsed gules.

The SCA does not currently consider fields divided per saltire to be marshalled armory. Therefore, this is not marshalling, nor is a conflict with the arms of Sicily, Per saltire Or four palets gules and argent an eagle displayed sable. The primary charges in Luis' submission (wolves) are substantially changed from the primary charges in Sicily's armory (eagles), so the two pieces of armory are clear by X.2.

Madoc MacBran. Name and device. Gules, a bend sinister between two triskeles argent.

Submitted as Madoc Mac_Bran, the byname Mac Bran was documented as an expansion of the scribal abbreviation M'Bran, dated to temp. Elizabeth I - James I in Woulfe, Sloinnte Gaedheal is Gall: Irish Names and Surnames, s.n. Mac Brain. However, the correct expansion of M'Bran is MacBran, without the space. We have made this correction.

This name combines Welsh and Anglicized Irish, which is a step from period practice.

Mairghread ingen Cannech. Name and device. Per pale gules and azure, in pale a sword Or conjoined to a vol argent.

Submitted as Mairghread igen Cannech, the submitter requested authenticity for 11th-12th C Scotland. The submitted byname igen Cannech is not correctly formed; the pre c. 1200 word for 'daughter' in Gaelic is ingen. We have changed the byname to ingen Cannech to correct it. The name is not authentic for her desired period; Mairghread is a Gaelic adaptation of English Margaret, and the earliest evidence that we have for Mairghread in Scotland is the 15th C. In Ireland, the name was introduced after the Anglo-Norman invasion, in 1171. The earliest example that we have of the name in Ireland is from 1361.

This name combines Early Modern Irish and Middle Gaelic; this is a step from period practice. Because changing the language of an element is a major change, which the submitter does not allow, we cannot change the name to a more authentic form.

Melisant de Mymeri. Name and device. Per chevron inverted azure and argent semy of roses azure, an owl argent.

Submitted as Melisande de Mymeri, precedent says:

Milesenda de Bourges. Name. Submitted as Melisande de Bourges, several variant spellings of this name exist, but none that support the -sande spelling. Therefore, we have changed the given name to Milesenda, a form documented from Morlet, Les Noms de Personne sur le Territoire de L'Ancienne Gaule du VIe au XIIe Siècle. [LoAR 05/2004, East-A]

Other period forms of the name include Melisent 1202, Melisant 1213, Milicenta, Millisenta 1273, and Mylisant 1370, in Withycombe, Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names, s.n. Millicent; Milisendis 1179, Milisent and Melisentia 1208, in Reaney & Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, s.n. Millicent; and Melissent and Milessenz in an Old French translation of William of Tyre's Historia rerum in partibus transmarinis gestarum. These examples do not support the variant form Melisande.

The byname de Mymeri was documented from Arval Benicoeur, "French Names from Two Thirteenth Century Chronicles". The introduction to the article says: "Warning: These are modern spellings of the names." This article is not acceptable as the sole documentation for an element. Members of Pelican's staff were able to provide alternative documentation for the byname. Latimer notes that:

Nouvelle collection des memoires pour servir a l'histoire de France depuis le XIII siecle jusqu'a la fin du XVIII by Joseph Fr Michaud, http://books.google.com/books?id=M9UvAAAAMAAJ, appears to have parallel texts which may be original and modernized. On p.312 in item #365 of the "Memoires du Sire de Joinville", both versions show the spelling <de Mymeri> as a byname:

<monseigneur Jehan de Mymeri> in the upper text.

<monseigneur Jean de Mymeri> in the lower text.

As this is presented as "Histoire de Saint Louis", aka Louis IX of the 13th C, it may be that the original text dates from then.

The same monseigneur Jehan de Mymeri is listed in a 19th C version of Joinville's work which appears to preserve documentary spellings. This is sufficient to give the submitter the benefit of the doubt that Mymeri is a period spelling of the placename.

We have changed the name to Melisant de Mymeri, using the most similar spelling of the given name, in order to register it.

Please inform the submitter that there were some concerns about the identifiability of the line of division due to the roses which are cut off at the line of division. Drawing it so that there are not two demi-roses issuant from the line of division very near the central point would aid identifiability.

Mina Ginevra Moretti. Name and device. Vert, a dragon's head couped affronty and on a base indented argent, a compass star sable.

Submitted as Mina Ginevra de la Moretti, no documentation was provided, and none could be found, for the insertion of the particles de la. We have removed these elements in order to register the name.

The use of a compass star is a step from period practice.

Myrgjol Gunnvaldsdottir. Device. Argent fretty gules, on a fess vert a beehive between two bees Or.

Niccolo Talenti. Device. Gyronny of six argent and sable, a vol between three triangles voided one and two, a bordure Or.

Rahil bint Harun al-Zarqa. Name and device. Argent, in pale a hawk jessed, belled, and hooded sable atop a crescent pendant gules, on a chief sable three mullets of eight points argent.

Listed on the LoI as Rahil bint Harun al-Zarga, both the forms and the documentation spelled the second byname al-Zarqa. We have made this correction.

Valeria of Meridies. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Argent, a domestic cat couchant regardant sable and in base a triskele gules.

Submitted under the name Valeria Ambrosius Capurillus.

NORTHSHIELD

Anpliça Fiore. Alternate name Florence Scroby.

OUTLANDS

Caer Galen, Barony of. Order name Order of the Cochon Alé.

Submitted as Order of the Cochon Ailé, the order name was intended to mean "order of the winged pig", but no documentation was provided on the LoI that Cochon Ailé is either grammatically correct or period French. Loyall provides the following information about the plausibility of the construction in period French:

Greimas, Dictionnaire de l'ancien français s.n. <coche> says that <cochon> (in some spelling) appears in 1091 in the Cartulaire de Redon. The synonym <porc> may have been more common in our period; Greimas s.n. <porc> dates the word to 1080, says it derives from Latin <porcum>, and gives a number of derivatives (of which my favorite is <porçaing>, the lordly right to pigs). The Anglo-Norman Dictionary has an entry for <porc>, but none that I can find for <cochon> or <coche> 'sow'.

Greimas s.n. <alé> says that this word is synonymous with modern <ailé>, and that forms of this word appear in the twelfth century. The Anglo-Norman Dictionary s.n. <elé> gives an example of the word in the form <elez>; it also has a number of forms of the word for 'wing' s.n. <ele>, but doesn't list the modern form, <aile>. I don't know when the modern spelling first appeared.

White Stag notes that Robert Estienne, Dictionarium latinogallicum, a Latin-French dictionary from 1552, has the following entries:

PORCUS porci, m. g. Martial. Un porceau, Un porc.= ¶ Porcus. Columel. Un cochon de laict.

PORCULUS Porculus, porculi, pen. corr. Diminutiuum. Plaut. Un cochon.

PORCELLUS Porcellus, porcelli, Idem. Sueton. Varro. Porcelet, Cochon.

These show that cochon 'pig' or 'piglet' was used by the end of our period, so it is acceptable in this order name. We have changed the name to Order of the Cochon Alé, to use the period spelling of ailé.

Conrad von Zollern. Alternate name Justin Timme.

Jethro Stille. Alternate name Suleiman ibn Da'ud ibn Sahl al-Qalqashandi.

Louchelan de Hay. Device. Argent, on a fess azure between three escutcheons gules a wolf's head erased ululant argent.

While there is a blazonable difference between a wolf's head ululant and one bendwise, there is no difference granted. This head has the erasing horizontal, so it is ululant.

The use of a wolf's head ululant is a step from period practice.

Monika the Fair. Badge. (Fieldless) A fret couped purpure ermined argent.

Raban vom Schwarzwald. Name and device. Per chevron sable and gules, a chevron between three skulls argent.

The LoI documented the given name Raban from Bahlow, Deutsches Nameslexikon, p. 391, dating the name to 830 or later. However, this is not a correct summary of the information in Bahlow. As Ælfwynn Leoflæde dohtor notes, the spelling which is dated to 830 in Bahlow is Hrabanus, not Raban. Pelican Emeritus provides alternative documentation for the submitted form, noting that Raban appears in a Latin charter of German origin dated to 1123, a transcription of which is available at http://www.mom-ca.uni-koeln.de/MOM-CA/show_charterDetail_Action.do?id=290668&searchString=for%20$doc%20in%20//text[Xdot%20Xeq%20%27raban%27%20or%20Xdot/@*%20Xeq%20%27raban%27]order%20by%20xs:integer%28$doc//date_sort%29%20return%20$doc&type=simple.

This device is clear of the device of Wilhelm of Greyland, Per chevron sable and gules, a chevron between in chief two lions rampant addorsed and in base an eagle displayed argent. There is a CD for the change of type of secondary charges and a CD for the orientation of the secondary charges, since the orientation of two of the three charges has changed.

It is also clear of the device of Ram the Reticent, Per chevron sable and gules, a chevron between two ram's heads erased respectant and a ram's head cabossed argent, by the same count.

Róis inghean Niocláis. Name and device. Per pale argent and sable, three mullets of four points, one and two, counterchanged and a base wavy vert.

Submitted as Róis inghean Uí Nioclás, there were two problems with the byname. Rowel explains the first:

Technically speaking, <inghean Uí> isn't a "patronymic particle" for women. Rather, <inghean> is the particle and <Uí> is the genitive form of the <Ó> that appears at the front of a family name...So, <Róis inghean Uí Nioclás> would mean that <Róis>'s father had the family name <Ó Nioclás>. And there are a couple of problems with <Ó Nioclás>...The bigger problem is that a construction of a family name <Ó Niocláis> isn't all that likely. Woulfe (p. 15) says "Irish surnames came into use gradually from about the middle of the tenth to the end of the thirteenth century ... Mac-surnames are, generally speaking, of later formation than Ó-surnames."...[T]he <Ó> family names were basically done forming before the Anglo-Normans arrived. And <Nioclás> was a name brought into Ireland by the Anglo-Normans. So, it would not be expected that a Gaelic family name would form as <Ó Niocláis>. Now, some Anglo-Norman families did end up with Gaelic style family names but they formed using <Mac>. For example, the Burkes ended up as <Mac Uilliam> in Gaelic. The descendants of Jordan de Exeter (<Siurtan de Exetra> and similar in Gaelic) became <Mac Siurtain>. So, I could see a <Mac Niocláis> family. But, lacking actual documentation of a <Ó Niocláis> family in period, it doesn't seem a likely construction.

A woman named <Róis> who was a member of this <Mac Niocláis> family would have her named formed as <Róis inghean Mhic Niocláis> '<Róis> daughter [of the] <Mac Niocláis> [family]'.

Additionally, since <Nioclás> was used as a man's given name in late period, a woman could have a byname that indicated that her father's given name was <Nioclás>. In this case, her name would take the form <Róis inghean Niocláis> '<Róis> daughter [of] <Nioclás>'.

Additionally, as indicated by the suggestions of Rowel, following inghean, Nioclás needs to be in the genitive (possessive) case, i.e., Niocláis. Of the two suggestions, Róis inghean Niocláis is closer to the originally submitted name than Róis inghean Mhic Niocláis. We have changed the name to Róis inghean_Niocláis in order to register the name. We note that if the submitter prefers Róis inghean Mhic Niocláis, this is also registerable.

WEST

Alesz Milayek z Opatova. Name and device. Per chevron rayonny argent and gules, three crosses flory and a lion rampant queue-fourchy counterchanged.

Submitted as Alesz Milanek z Opatova, the element Milanek was not documented on the LoI. The LoI cited Academy of Saint Gabriel Report #3390, which says:

We could not find <Milanek> as a given name or byname before 1600. We did find the given names <Milan> and <Milek> as Polish given names. We also found the similar sounding bynames <Milczek>, <Mylczek> and <Milayek>, but we do not think they are derived from <Milan> or <Milek>.

[3] Taszycki, Witold (ed.), S{l/}ownik Staropolskich Nazw Osobowych (Dictionary of Old Polish Personal Names), vols. I-VII (Wroc{l/}aw: Zak{l/}ad Narodowy Imienia Ossoli{n'}skich, Polska Akademia Nauk, 1965-1987). s.nn. Milan, Mi{l/}ek, Milczek, Mylczek, Mi{l/}ajek.

While commenters found evidence that Milanek is a common Czech given name in modern times, they were unable to find clear support for it in our period. Lacking such evidence, it is not registerable. Additionally, even if such evidence was found, it would only be registerable in the context of this name if documentation was provided for the use of double given names in Polish or Czech in our period.

We have changed the byname to Milayek, the most similar of the bynames cited in the S. Gabriel Report. Milayek is dated to 1498 in SSNO, cited above.

Frederic of the West Tower. Reblazon of device. Argent, a tower sable charged on the base with a cross patonce argent.

Blazoned when registered, in January 1973, as Argent, a tower sable, on its base a cross patonce voided argent, the cross is not voided.

Gianetta del Bene. Name and device. Azure, a rabbit dormant contourny argent, a bordure rayonny Or.

The documentation for both name elements was inadequately summarized; a complete summary will include the title, author, and URL of every source cited, in addition to a quote or summary about what the source says about the element(s) in question. Had the commenters not provided the missing information, we would have been forced to pend or return the name.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the rabbit more centered on the field.

Gianetta del Bene. Badge. (Fieldless) A mortar and pestle Or.

Nice badge!

Helyas de Walincors. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Johanna Ludwiger von Hertesbergk. Badge. (Fieldless) A padlock Or.

Nice badge!

- Explicit littera accipiendorum -

THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN RETURNED FOR FURTHER WORK:

AN TIR

Adeliza a Donyng. Device. Or, an oak tree couped vert within a double tressure purpure.

This device is returned for conflict with the device of Orlando dei Medici, Or, a crequier vert. There is a single CD for the addition of the double tressure. We do not grant a CD between a crequier and the default oak tree, because oak trees appear in canting armory, emblazoned in a stylized form like the crequier, in multiple period sources.

Dominicus de Lyon. Name.

This conflicts with Dominic de Lyon. The given names are insignificantly different in sound and appearance.

Madrun Gwehyddes. Device. Argent, a millrind between four mascles in cross gules within a bordure counter-compony argent and sable.

This device is returned because the primary charge, blazoned as a millrind on the LoI, is not recognizable. Section VII.7.a of the Rules for Submissions requires that "Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance." Almost none of the commenters were able to identify this as a millrind. Nor does it match any dated period example they could find: the millrinds of medieval armory seem to have curved limbs, not the straight, angular limbs of this depiction.

Additionally, this device is returned because the depiction of counter-compony not drawn correctly. While properly drawn counter-compony is allowed to share a tincture with the field, there still needs to be a solid line dividing the bordure from the field.

Madyn Vach. Name.

The Welsh byname Vach was documented as the mutated form of Bach 'small'. While many Welsh bynames were used by men in both mutated and unmutated forms, Bach is not one of these. Morgan & Morgan, Welsh Surnames, s.n. Bach say:

The adj. bach is also different from most others in its usage after personal names. Despite the tendency, almost amounting to a rule in Modern Welsh, to use the lenited form of the adjective after a personal name (masculine and feminine alike), bach following a personal name is the same as bach following a common noun, i.e. in South Wales, retaining the radical after a masculine name and mutating after a feminine; in North Wales, retaining the radical after masculine and feminine. [A few examples are to be found with a mutation after a masc. personal name as if bach followed the usage of other adjectives, but this is so unexpected that instinct forces us to look for an explanation. In some cases the apparent irregularity is a misreading or a miscopying, e.g. B15. 287 (Aberystwyth--Cardigan 14c) Rhys vach Walter is almost certainly an error for vab. In some examples it would not be unreasonable to suggest that vach is an abbreviation of vachan, very often the spelling (and the sound) of Fychan...]

Lacking evidence that men would use the mutated form Vach, this name, which combines a masculine given name with the mutated byname, is not registerable. We would change the name to Madyn Bach, but the submitter allows no changes.

Piers Lakewood. Device. Quarterly azure and vert, four feathers argent.

This device is returned for a redraw. The charges shown in the emblazon, blazoned as feathers, are not easily recognizable. Many commenters questioned whether they were wings, especially since they have plumes only on one side. Also, the curvature of the charges, and their position on the field, creates confusion about whether the charges are oriented palewise or bendwise sinister. Section VII.7.b of the Rules for Submissions requires that "Any element used in Society armory must be describable in standard heraldic terms so that a competent heraldic artist can reproduce the armory solely from the blazon." Since the device cannot be accurately blazoned, it must be returned.

William Brannan. Name.

This conflicts with William J. Brennan, a US Supreme Court Justice. It was the consensus of the commenters that William J. Brennan is important enough to protect from conflict. His influence on the American legal system is of a similar level as that of US Supreme Court Justice William O. Douglas, who was previously ruled important enough to protect from conflict:

William de Duglas. Name. Conflict with William O. Douglas, U.S. Supreme Court Judge from 1939 through 1974. He was the longest serving justice, and holds the record for most opinions written. He is the Justice who first wrote about a constitutional right to privacy, which is a central part of Roe v Wade (and many other cases). As such, he is an major shaper of current thought in the American legal system. In this capacity, he is important enough to protect. [William de Duglas, 02/2007, R-Æthelmearc]

Brennan is described as one of the most significant and influential Justices of the US Supreme Court in the last 50 years, and his influence can be seen on issues such as the constitutionality of the death penalty, abortion rights and First Amendment speech rights. In the entire history of the U.S. Supreme Court, only Justice Douglas wrote more opinions than Justice Brennan.

His armory has been registered under the holding name William of Glyn Dwfn.

ANSTEORRA

None.

ATENVELDT

Charles of the Jacs. Badge. Per chevron inverted throughout ployé embattled sable and argent, in chief in pale a cubit arm issuant from sinister proper and a she-monkey statant affronty, arms raised, fesswise Or.

This badge is returned because it is not blazonable, as required by section VII.7.b of the Rules for Submissions, which says "Any element used in Society armory must be describable in standard heraldic terms so that a competent heraldic artist can reproduce the armory solely from the blazon." The field is not per chevron inverted throughout, which would issue from much higher on the sides of the field. Per chevron lines of division, in period, were drawn to evenly divide the field into two parts of roughly the same area.

This badge is also returned for obtrusive modernity. Throwing a monkey-wench into the gears, while a fine pun, is not a suitable basis for period armorial style. One commenter also noted that she found the design offensive, being an allusion to masturbation.

Last, this badge is also returned for being non-period style, a violation of section I.1.b of the Rules for Submissions. The use of multiple complex lines on the field division, the fesswise orientation of the monkey, the awkwardness in blazon to describe the position of the charges, and the overall pictorial design all contribute to this impression.

David Maurice. Name.

This conflicts with Dafydd Morrison. The given names Dafydd and David are not significantly different in sound. The bynames Maurice and Morrison are likewise not significantly different; Maurice and Morris are negligibly different in sound, and per RfS V.1.ii.a, the addition of -son to a given name is not a significant difference in sound.

His device has been registered under the holding name David of Mons Tonitrus.

Giles Chadwik Richardson. Badge. Per pale argent and azure, a tower sable.

This badge is returned for conflict with the badge of Geoffrey Geometer, Barry wavy argent and azure, a tower issuant from base sable, and the device of Harold Breakstone, Or, a castle triple-towered sable, pennants flotant to sinister vert. In both cases, there is a single CD for the field. In the case of Harold's device, we grant no difference between a castle and a tower.

The badge is also returned for conflict with the badge of Ofelia della Crusca, (Fieldless) A tower sable masoned Or maintaining a unicorn's head issuant from its turrets argent, and the badge of Torric inn Björn, (Fieldless) A tower sable masoned Or maintaining a brown bear's head issuant from its turrets proper, both reblazoned elsewhere on this letter. In both cases, the maintained head does not count for difference, leaving a single CD for the difference between a fielded and a fieldless design. Masoning does not count for difference on charges which are normally constructed out of stone, such as towers and castles.

The submitted badge does not conflict with the device of Peregrine Anorial of the Further Isles, Gyronny Or and azure, a brown sandstone tower proper, portaled and lighted Or. There is a CD for the field. There is another CD for the difference between brown and black, even though the tinctures are indexed together in the Ordinary and Armorial.

Lorelei of Lockehaven. Augmentation. Per pale azure and Or, a candle argent, sconced sable, enflamed Or, "haloed" argent, the whole fimbriated counterchanged and as an augmentation in canton a sun in splendor Or.

This augmentation is returned because the arms to which it is attached are a change to her currently registered arms. A change of arms must be submitted as a separate action and fees paid for it. Specifically, in her registered device, the flame on her candle is proper, not Or.

This augmentation is also returned because the argent halo around the flame of the candle is not blazonable. The argent halo does not appear in her registered emblazon and is, therefore, not grandfathered to her.

Precedent on submissions of augmentations says:

"This is returned as the base device is being changed as well as the augmentation, with the dragon's claws changing from in pall to in pall inverted, but no paperwork was received for the change of the unaugmented device. This was intended to be solely a change in augmentation; however, as emblazoned, the submission also included a change in the base coat as well as the change in augmentation. These are two separate but not independent actions. If the submitter wishes this device, she will need to resubmit with a device change and an augmentation change. If she wishes to change only the augmentation, she will need to resubmit the augmentation change with the emblazon matching her currently registered base coat . . ." [Minowara Kiritsubo, April 2006, R-Atlantia]

Since this argent halo does not appear in her registered device and because the newly submitted emblazon has an Or flame, not a (pre-1985 style) proper flame, this submission must also be returned administratively, since a change of device was not also received. If the submitter wishes an Or flame on the candle, we must receive a change of device form. If the submitter wishes a proper flame, it may drawn either as on a flame, a flame or as alternating tongues of gules and Or flames, as the former depiction is grandfathered to her.

Please direct the submitter to the April 1995 Cover Letter, for an explanation and depictions of how period flames proper are drawn.

ATLANTIA

None.

CALONTIR

Joscelyn Gloriette de Saint James. Device. Argent, on a cross fleury quadrate gules, in saltire a bishop's crozier and a key with wards to base Or.

This device is returned for violating section VIII.3 of the Rules for Submission, which says that "Elements must be used in a design so as to preserve their individual identifiability." As emblazoned, both the crozier and the key are so small and fancy that they obscure the difference between the charges when viewed from any distance.

Joscelyn Gloriette de Saint James. Badge. (Fieldless) On a cross fleury quadrate gules, in saltire a bishop's crozier and a key with wards to base Or.

This badge is returned for violating section VIII.3 of the Rules for Submission, which says that "Elements must be used in a design so as to preserve their individual identifiability." As emblazoned, both the crozier and the key are so small and fancy that they obscure the difference between the charges when viewed from any distance.

Randolph Fletcher. Device. Sable, in bend sinister three arrows bendwise inverted argent, each enfiling a cartouche voided bendwise sinister Or.

The charges, blazoned as cartouches on the Letter of Intent, are not really cartouches, but are instead annulets or rings in trian aspect. Cartouches would have flat sections along the major axis. There is no way to blazon the charges in a fashion that would cause the emblazon to be reliably reproduced. Therefore, this device is returned for violating section VII.7.b of the Rules for Submission, which requires that "Elements must be reconstructible in a recognizable form from a competent blazon." It goes on to say that "Elements that cannot be described in such a way that the depiction of the armory will remain consistent may not be used, even if they are identifiable design motifs that were used before 1600."

William le Wolfe. Name.

This conflicts with William Ulf; the bynames are insignificantly different in sound.

His device has been registered under the holding name William of the Lonely Tower.

DRACHENWALD

Tamara Melniklieva. Name.

This is returned for problems with the documentation and the construction of the byname. The byname Melnikliev was cited from Zaimov, Bulgarian Names, which is written in Bulgarian. However, an accurate translation into English of the entry for Melnikliev was not provided on the LoI. A translation of any non-English source is required as part of the documentation summary, and failure to provide such a translation is grounds for return.

Additionally, it was not clear from the information that Pelican and her staff could glean from the book that the appropriate medieval feminine form of Melnikliev is Melniklieva. We have found slight evidence that Melniklieva is a grammatically correct modern form, since a Google search reveals one person, other than Tamara, with the byname Melniklieva, but we would need clearer evidence than this before we could even give the submitter the benefit of the doubt that the construction is also correct for period.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Tamara of Thamesreach.

EAST

Jibril ibn `Ammar al-Fayyad. Device. Argent, a decrescent gules, on a chief sable two scimitars addorsed argent and on a base sable a kylix argent.

This device has been withdrawn by the submitter. Had it not been withdrawn, it would have been returned for violating our prohibition on displaying a red decrescent on an argent field, one of the protected symbols of the International Red Cross.

Malcolm Leslie of Aberdeen. Device. Or, a griffin segreant azure and on a chief gules three lotus flowers in profile inverted Or.

This device is returned for a redraw. Blazoned on the LoI as lotus flowers in profile, the tertiary charges are too tall and narrow to be lotuses. Commenters suggested that they might be blazoned as hop cones, but hop cones do not have the widely spread leaves at the stem end, they are a single compact unit. Since the tertiary charges cannot be identified or accurately blazoned, this submission must be returned.

Simona de Sant Martí. Name change from Katryne Blak.

This submission was withdrawn by the submitter.

GLEANN ABHANN

Eibhlín Núinseann. Badge. (Fieldless) On a natural tiger sejant contourny Or striped sable a shamrock bendwise sinister vert.

This badge is returned because the shamrock is neither palewise nor bendwise sinister, but halfway between the two. Commenters suggested that drawing it slightly smaller might allow it to fit better in a formal heraldic orientation in the limited space available on the tiger.

Gwalchmai ap Meredith. Device. Per pale vert and sable, a hawk's head erased and a bordure argent.

This device is returned for conflict with the device of Hröðný Aradóttir, Gules, an eagle's head erased and a bordure argent. There is a single CD for changes to the field.

Rónnat ingen Cúana of Tir Iodh. Name.

This is returned for lack of documentation for the given name. The given name Rónnat was documented from Academy of Saint Gabriel Report #652, which says:

<Róinsech> is an early Irish name, a feminine counterpart of the masculine name <Rónán>. It seems to have been quite rare even in the early period; the alternative feminine form <Rónnat> was apparently more common. [3, 4, 5]

[3] O'Brien, M. A., ed. Corpus Genealogiarum Hiberniae (Dublin: The Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1976).

[4] Ó Corráin, Donnchadh & Fidelma Maguire, Irish Names (Dublin: The Lilliput Press, 1990).

[5] Ó Riain, Pádraig, ed. Corpus Genealogiarum Sanctorum Hiberniae (Dublin: The Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1985).

This report was written in 1997; since then, our knowledge of medieval Irish naming practices has grown tremendously. The only example of someone bearing a form of the name Rónnat that the commenters were able to find was the daughter of a high-king who died in 607, and the mother of an undated saint. Because the second example is not dated, it is of no help here. The first example places the name in the Oghamic period; however, the spelling Rónnat is an Old or Middle Irish form, not an Oghamic form. We do not know how this name was spelled in Oghamic Irish. Lacking evidence that the name was used in the Old or Middle Irish era, the Old or Middle Irish form of the name is not registerable:

The only example of the byname cu, more properly spelled and capitalized Cú, that was found is from the late 6th/early 7th C. During this period, the language in use in Ireland was Oghamic Irish, but Cú is an Old or Middle Irish spelling appropriate from c700 to c1200. We have no evidence that the byname continued in use into the period when an Old or Middle Irish spelling is appropriate. Current precedent, set in May 2005 and reaffirmed January 2008 (s.n. Cnes ingen Conchobuir), does not allow the registration of Irish names in orthographies which are not appropriate to the times in which they are found. [Maghnus cu Mac Fáeláin, LoAR 03/2009, Artemisia-R]

While the LoI noted that the submitter does not allow major changes, we received an email from submitter saying that she would in fact accept all changes necessary. However, we could not find any period Irish feminine name similar to Rónnat, and we are reluctant to change the given name to something wholly different.

There were problems with the bynames as well, but these are fixable. The byname ingen Cúanu is not correctly formed. Cúanu is a nominative form of the name; following ingen, it needs to be in the genitive case, i.e., ingen Cúanach.

The second byname of Tir Iodh violates RfS III.1.a Linguistic Consistency by combining English of with Gaelic Tir Iodh in the same phrase. Furthermore, Tir Iodh is the modern name of the place; we have not found any evidence that the spelling Tir Iodh is consistent with period Gaelic spellings. The submitter noted that she preferred a wholly English form of the locative byname, suggesting of Tiree. However, no evidence was provided, and none could be found by the commenters, that Tiree is a period name of the place. The island's name is given as Terrey in Speed's map of the kingdom of Scotland, dated to 1610 (p. 266 of The Counties of Britain). This could be registered as part of an English locative byname, e.g., of Terrey, but it would not be registerable in conjunction with the byname ingen Cúanach, since the two elements are both linguistically and temporally incompatible, which is two steps from period practice.

In resubmitting, we recommend that the submitter considering using either ingen Cúanach or of Terrey, but not both. If she would like to use the byname ingen Cúanach, we recommend that she pick a given name from the list "Index of Names in Irish Annals: Feminine Given Names 701 - 1050" by Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, at http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/Feminine/701-1050.shtml; all of these names are temporally compatible with ingen Cúanach. If she would like to use of Terrey, we recommend she pick a late-period Scots name, from, e.g., Talan Gwynek, "A List of Feminine Personal Names Found in Scottish Records", or Sharon Krossa, "Early 16th Century Scottish Lowland Names", for example, Rinalda, which is dated to 1452 in Talan's article.

LAUREL

None.

MERIDIES

Arabella MacKenzie de Ross. Device. Azure, on a bend sinister Or between three doves argent a rapier azure.

This device is returned because the primary charge blurs the distinction between a bend sinister and a fess. A bend sinister would be centered on the sinister chief and dexter base corners of the field. A fess would be horizontal and centered on the field. This charge is very nearly halfway between those positions.

Richard Blaydeaux (the Wevere). Name change from Richard the Wevere.

This is being returned for problems with the documentation and the construction. The byname Blaydeaux was documented as the registered byname of the submitter's friend, Jared Alexandre Blaydeaux. The only time that citing a previous registration is sufficient documentation is when the grandfather clause is being appealed to, and no proof was provided that Richard is a close legal relative of Jared, so RfS II.5 cannot be invoked here. Furthermore, none of the commenters were able to find any evidence that Blaydeaux is a period byname, in any culture.

Additionally, no documentation was provided for the use of the parentheses around the second byname. Lacking evidence that parentheses were used in this fashion in period names, they are not registerable.

We would drop the problematic byname and the parentheses, but this would result in the submitter's currently registered name.

Valeria Ambrosius Capurillus. Name.

This name consists of a feminine nomen followed by a masculine nomen followed by a masculine agnomen. Loyall explains the problems with this construction:

A feminine Roman name consisting of two nomina followed by a cognomen isn't unheard of, though all three names should be feminine; this construction could arise when a woman used both her father's and her mother's nomina. Olli Salomies gives a number of examples on p. 67 of Adoptive and Polyonymous Nomenclature in the Roman Empire (Comm. Hum. Litt. Vol. 97; Helsinki, Finnish Society of Arts and Letters, 1992), including <Rufria Ovinia Corneliana>, <Maria Caecilia Procilla>, and <Pontia Plautia A.f. Fortunata>.

Thus, the correct form of this name would be Valeria Ambrosia Capurilla. However, changing the gender of an element is a major change, and the submitter does not allow major changes, so we are forced to return this name.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Valeria of Meridies.

NORTHSHIELD

Æðelwald Balt. Device. Vert, in annulo three birds volant wings addorsed and inverted Or.

This device is returned because the birds are in an unblazonable posture. They are drawn so their backs are towards the outside of the design, with their wings towards the center, as if shown during a downbeat of their wings. This is not a period posture for birds and not blazonable. The wings are not addorsed, as the literal meaning of that is 'back to back', and the back of the wing is what is showing.

OUTLANDS

Eowyn Erthton. Device change. Sable, a griffin statant tail nowed between three hourglasses argent.

This device is returned because the hourglasses are drawn in trian aspect, showing three dimensions. We do not allow most items to be depicted in trian asspect unless that depiction is necessary for identifiability or the charge is typically depicted that way in period armory. Hourglasses do not require depiction in trian aspect to be identifiable, nor are they typically depicted that way in period armory, so this must be returned for a redraw.

Please instruct the submitter that, when resubmitting, the hourglasses should not be drawn transparently. They should be entirely solid tinctures.

Submitted under the name Tatiana Moskovskaia, that name was returned on the June 2009 LoAR.

Frank von Hunsrück. Device. Or, between in pale two mastiffs statant counter-statant, an arrow fesswise point to dexter sable.

This device is returned for a redraw. While the item blazoned as an "arrow" on the LoI has the exaggerated point expected of a heraldic arrow, it does not have the exaggerated fletchings which are also expected. As a result, the charge is not identifiable, which is a violation of Section VII.7.a of the Rules for Submission, which requires that "Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance." Drawn with the exaggerated head, but not exaggerated fletchings, the charge could be easily mistaken for a spear.

WEST

Helyas de Walincors. Device. Per pall inverted sable, gules, and ermine, a sword between in chief two griffins combatant Or.

This device is returned for blurring the distinction between a per pall inverted field and a point pointed. The central point of a per pall field should be centered at the center of the field, higher than shown here. A point pointed would be smaller, originating lower on the field, and the sword could not legally overlie it.

The device is also returned because the identifying features of the sword, the hilt and crossguard, are entirely on a low-contrast portion of the field, effectively obscuring it. Section VII.2 requires that "All armory must have sufficient contrast to allow each element of the design to be clearly identifiable at a distance."

- Explicit littera renuntiationum -

- Explicit -