THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN REGISTERED:

ÆTHELMEARC

Alethea Cowle. Device. Gules, an ermine spot and a chief embattled argent.

Eiríkr inn hávi. Name change from holding name Edward of Smoking Rocks and device change. Gyronny Or and vert, a bear rampant contourny sable within a bordure sable semy of decrescents Or.

His old device, Per bend Or and vert, a beer stein and a bear rampant contourny counterchanged, is released.

Eleanora de Rosewycke. Name and device. Purpure, a chalice and in chief three roses argent barbed and seeded Or.

Günther Schwarzrose. Badge. Argent, a rose sable within a bordure invected gules.

Katheryn Täntzel. Name.

Nice late 15th century German name!

Maureen of Abhainn Cíach Ghlais. Name and device. Purpure, a unicorn rampant contourny argent and on a chief engrailed Or three harps vert.

Submitted as Maureen of Abhainn Ciach Ghlais, the branch name is registered as Abhainn Cíach Ghlais. We have made that change in order to register the name.

Sorcha MacKenzie. Name and device. Per fess azure and sable, a phoenix and in chief a heart sustained by a pair of hands fesswise aversant argent.

This name mixes a Gaelic given name and a Scots byname, which is a step from period practice.

AN TIR

Algar MacBlane. Device. Per fess argent and gules, two ram's heads erased respectant and a bell counterchanged.

Commenters have been using the November 2001 LoAR discussion about the proper style for medieval erasing as a basis for calling for returns of any armory which does not exactly meet every detail of that description. While the depicted emblazon does not fully meet that description, it is good enough, since the submitted charge is clearly not couped. We will not be returning armory which is clearly meant to be erased unless the number of jags is overwhelming or the jags are too small to be clearly seen as erased.

Andrew Williams. Device. Sable, on a saltire vert fimbriated Or a skull argent sustaining in its mouth a serpent fesswise Or.

This device had been pended from the August 2010 LoAR due to confusion about the tincture of the serpent.

Basil Dragonstrike. Badge. Or, a bordure sable.

Nice badge!

Chiara Calandra. Device. Vert, a labyrinth and on a chief Or three clews of yarn vert.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the labyrinth with more pronounced detail lines.

Elizabeth Turner de Carlisle. Blanket permission to conflict with name and device. Sable, two chevronels and in chief an arrow fesswise argent.

Elizabeth grants permission to conflict for all armory which is a countable step (CD) from her device.

Elizabeth Turner de Carlisle. Blanket permission to conflict with alternate name Áine Steele.

Elizabeth Turner de Carlisle. Blanket permission to conflict with badge. (Fieldless) Two chevronels couped braced argent.

Elizabeth grants permission to conflict for all armory which is not identical to her badge, which means that a blazonable difference must exist.

Gilia Maddalena Sofia del Fortuna. Name change from Jane Godwin and device change. Gules, a demi-annulet argent issuant from a rock issuant from base proper cleft palewise by a natural river flowing to base argent.

The December 2008 Letter of Acceptances and Returns (Vincenzo Antonio Maria Paci) discussed multiple people with three given names in Renaissance Italy; this practice is thus period and registerable.

Her previous name, Jane Godwin, is retained as an alternate name.

This device is registered as a documented exception.

Her old device, Per bend sinister gules and vert, a pomegranate slipped and leaved Or and a cross bottony argent, is released.

Godwyn Reynard. Name and device. Per pale argent and gules, two foxes rampant reguardant addorsed counterchanged.

Isabelle Saint-Michael. Name and device. Azure, on a chevron between three fleurs-de-lys argent three escarbuncles azure.

Játvarðr Þorvarðarson. Name.

Juliana Robertsone. Name and device. Per chevron inverted vert and sable, a winged lion rampant Or and a thistle argent.

Katherine Redbow. Name and device. Argent, a drawn bow reversed nocked with a bird blunt gules.

A drawn bow with a nocked arrow is considered a single charge. Since a bow-and-arrow in this arrangement are distinguishable visually from a plain bow, there is a CD between them. This device, therefore, is clear of the device of Brynach ap Rhys, (Fieldless) A bow reversed gules, with a CD for comparing fielded and fieldless armory and a CD for the change of type of the primary charge group. It is also clear of the device of Giovanni dell'Arco, Argent, a bow reversed vert. There is a CD for the change of tincture and a CD for the change of type of the primary charge group.

Leuric Godwin. Name and device. Per pale vert and azure, in chief on a sun Or a rat rampant to sinister sable.

This device is clear of the badge of Windymeads, Women of, Per pale vert and azure, a mullet of twelve points Or bearing in chief the letters W.O.W. azure and in base the letters C.C. vert, with a CD for the unforced change of the position of the sun on the field and a CD for the multiple changes to the tertiary charges.

Michael Kelly of the Silver Oak. Name and device. Per chevron sable and vert, on a pall inverted between two oak leaves in chevron inverted argent and a sun Or three feathers shafts to center sable.

Nerienda Silvester. Name change from Katerina des Monteignes.

Submitted as Nerienda Silvester, the name was changed by kingdom to Nerienda Sylvester, to match available documentation.

Green Staff was able to date Silvester to 6th and 8th century France (in Morlet I, s.n. Silvester). Thus, there is at worst a single step from period practice for the name as submitted (for the mix of Old English and the languages spoken in France); we have therefore restored this to the submitted form. A completely Latinized form (which is what we'd expect for this time) would be Nerienda filia Silvestri.

Her previous name, Katerina des Monteignes, is retained as an alternate name.

Norman of Eoforwic. Name.

Submitted as Norman of Eoforic, a timely correction added the w to the byname.

Olivia Dougall. Device change. Quarterly purpure and vert, three dragonflies in pall tails to center argent.

Her old device, Per saltire purpure and argent, two needles argent and two lit candles purpure, is released.

Richenda du Jardin. Alternate name Ricca Speziali (see PENDS for badge).

Tir Rígh, Principality of. Order name Order of the Silver Sparkes.

The submitters have permission to conflict with Silversparre Herald, registered to the Kingdom of Drachenwald.

Tir Rígh, Principality of. Badge for Order of the Blue Lily. (Fieldless) A lily azure within and conjoined to a mascle argent.

The order name was registered in April 2010.

Tir Rígh, Principality of. Badge for the University of Tir Rígh. Azure, a candle argent enflamed in a flat candlestick Or and in chief a mullet of eight points argent.

Commenters cited a precedent and asked if it says that flat candlesticks on candles are not worth difference: "[a candle issuant from a handleless flat candlestick vs a candle] There is nothing for the addition of the handleless flat candlestick." (Starkhafn, Barony of, 5/99 p. 14). The candlestick in that submission had no handle and was substantially smaller than the one in this submission. The candlestick in this submission is as large as the candle, and should be considered half of the charge.

Therefore, this badge is clear of the Society A&S badge, Azure, a candle enflamed within an arch stooped argent. There is a CD for the change of type of the secondary charge, from arch to mullet, and a CD for the change of the tincture of the primary charge, from all argent to half argent and half Or.

This badge is also clear of the device of Rurik the Axe-finder, Azure, a candle palewise argent, enflamed at both ends Or. There is a CD for the change of tincture of the primary charge and a CD for the addition of the secondary mullet.

We note that this submission was marked on the Letter of Intent as an appeal, but it was explicitly stated that the emblazon had been redrawn to make the mullet unmistakably a secondary charge. This submission should have been processed as a resubmission of a kingdom return and not as an appeal.

University of Tir Rígh is a generic identifier.

Tir Rígh, Principality of. Badge for Ordre de l'Etoile d'Argent. (Fieldless) A mullet of eight points argent within and conjoined to a annulet azure.

The order name was registered in November 2010.

Tir Rígh, Principality of. Badge for Order of the Blue Spear. (Fieldless) A spear azure within and conjoined to a mascle argent.

The order name was registered in April 2010.

Tir Rígh, Principality of. Heraldic title Lynx Herald.

Tvorimir Danilov. Badge. (Fieldless) In pale a hawk's foot bendwise reversed argent sustaining a plate.

Ulfr Hauksson. Name and device. Per pale sable and argent, two maple leaves and a chief embattled counterchanged.

Yzabela de Carlat. Name.

Nice 14th century Occitan name!

ANSTEORRA

Alisone McCay. Badge. (Fieldless) In fess a rose branch slipped and leaved and a natural dolphin conjoined in annulo argent.

Alys Langton. Name.

Nice 16th century English name!

Annest verch Gruffydd. Name.

Antonia de la Fuente. Name.

Submitted as Antonia de la fuente, the submitter requested authenticity for 16th century Spanish. The typical form of a Spanish name would consistently use or omit capitalization, as antonia de la fuente or Antonia de la Fuente; as consistent capitalization is more typical of 16th century Spanish, we have changed it to the latter form to meet her request for authenticity. However, the name is registerable as submitted.

Emma Farewyll. Name.

Nice 15th century English name!

Ilariia Shchastn'evicha. Name and device. Or, a saltire moline disjoint sable within an annulet gules.

Please instruct the submitter that the arms of the saltire should be slightly longer.

Isabella Maria della Rosa. Name.

Jayme Dominguez del Valle. Alternate name Andrewe Bawldwyn and badge. Quarterly azure and vert, a fleam and an orle argent.

Nice 16th century English name!

Lorenzo Martín. Name change from Sæmundr bogsveigir and device. Sable, a scorpion inverted within a bordure embattled Or.

The submitter requested authenticity for 16th century Spanish; this name meets that request.

The submitter's previous name, Sæmundr bogsveigir, is released.

Martin Malone. Name and device. Per pale gules and sable, a chief per fess sable and argent.

Nice 16th century Anglicized Irish name.

ARTEMISIA

Adeliza de Clermont. Name and device. Or, an ermine spot purpure.

Nice device!

Aelia Sophia of Artemisia. Name.

Commenters expressed concern about the lack of evidence for two given names in Byzantine names. Green Staff provided extensive evidence of Aelia followed by another given name:

The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire: A.D. 395-527, which you can preview on Google Books at http://books.google.com/books?id=G5W6vCO_pYUC, has a bunch of women using Aelia as the first element in a name: Aelia Eudocia, Aelia Eudoxia, Aelia Marcia Euphemia, Aelia Galla Placidia, Aelia Pulcheria, Aelia Verina, and Aelia Zenonis.

...Aelia Sophia would also have been available to a Greek woman in the earlier Roman empire (I note that the LGPN includes 7 <Ailia>s and 23 <Sophia>s.)

Godwin of Montgomery. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Jorgen Walther. Name and device. Per bend sinister vert and sable, a tree couped between in bend sinister two keys reversed Or.

Nice 15th century German name!

We remind commenters that keys, according to the Glossary of Terms, are fesswise with wards to dexter and facing downwards as their default posture.

Please advise the submitter that the keys should be drawn slightly larger.

Lutvik der Kramer. Name.

Nicole Drake de Luna. Device. Azure, in pale a dragon segreant and a crescent argent.

This device is clear of the badge of Aoibheall Dylon, (Fieldless) A dragon rampant environed of a crescent argent. If we consider Aoibheall's design to have two co-primary charges, there is a CD for comparing a fielded and a fieldless design and a CD for the change of arrangement. Considering Aoibheall's design as having a primary charge and a secondary charge would yield a CD for the change of number of primary charges and a CD for the addition of the secondary charge, no matter which charge was considered the primary charge and which was considered the secondary. Since this device is clear of Aoibheall's design under any interpretation, we feel no need to explicitly categorize the charge groups in Aoibheall's badge.

The question of conflict with Aoibheal's badge under section X.5 of the Rules for Submission was raised. The difference in arrangement is sufficient that the two designs are clear.

Nuala of Cochrane. Name.

This name mixes a Gaelic given name with a Scots byname; this is a step from period practice.

Ronan Geirsson. Name (see RETURNS for device).

This name mixes a Gaelic given name with an Old Norse byname; this is a step from period practice.

Zapolyay Matyas. Name.

Appearing on the Letter of Intent as Zapolyay, Matyas, the kingdom acknowledged that they added the comma in error; we have removed it in order to register the name.

ATENVELDT

Alexander Smyth. Name and device. Sable, a pall inverted and in base a gauntleted fist argent.

Nice late period English name!

Please instruct the submitter that the pall should have the lines of each leg parallel to each other.

Cáelinn ingen Chatháin. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Cáelinn inghean Catháin, the byname mixes the Early Modern Gaelic inghean with the Middle Gaelic Catháin; we have changed it to the wholly Middle Gaelic form. In addition, the byname must be lenited, making it ingen Chatháin. These changes were made in order to register it.

The submitter requested authenticity for Scots Gaelic; unfortunately the given name was only used by an early saint, and does not seem to have been used otherwise. It is registerable under the saint's name allowance, but without evidence it continued in use, the name cannot be made authentic.

Christmas Albanach. Badge. (Fieldless) An ermine spot per pale purpure and gules.

Isabel inghean Alasdair. Name and device. Argent, a caravel and on a base engrailed azure a fish argent.

This name mixes a Scots given name with a Gaelic byname; this is a step from period practice. A wholly Gaelic form would be Iosbail inghean Alasdair.

There was a question raised in commentary as to whether this device is obtrusively modern, citing the logo of Blue Peter, a BBC children's show which has been on the air for over 50 years. The caravel in this submission is a period depiction of a ship, and the submission is clear of the logo for Blue Peter, which we would render as Argent, a ship azure, with a CD for adding the base and a CD for charging the base. While the submission is reminiscent of the logo for the children's show, it does not rise to the level required to be considered obtrusively modern.

Jakob inn rammi. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Kendrick MacBain. Name.

Submitted as Kendrake MacBain, no evidence was presented nor could any be found by commenters that the spelling Kendrake was in use before 1650. We have changed it to the attested Kendrick in order to register this name.

Ketiley dreki tunga. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Ketiley drekkistunga, no evidence was presented that the element dreki- 'dragon' (note that the documented form has a single k) was used to created compound Old Norse bynames. Instead, the word meaning 'dragon's tongue' is the documented ormstunga; orm means both 'serpent' and 'dragon.'

However, both dreki and tunga can be constructed as independent bynames. The word dreki was used as the name of a type of ship (discussed for example in Judith Jesch, Ships and Men in the Late Viking Age). Other kinds of ships are used in bynames: koggi 'cog' is found as a byname, while knarrar 'merchant ship's' and skeiðar 'war ship's' are used in compound bynames (all from Geirr Bassi). Therefore dreki 'dragon ship' follows a pattern of the use of ship types in bynames and is a plausible constructed byname.

While the byname tunga is not attested, the prepended form Tungu- is found in the Landnamabok. The post-pended form is therefore reasonable as well.

Two descriptive bynames are registerable in Old Norse when they might both be used to describe the same person simultaneously. Therefore, this can be registered as Ketiley dreki tunga; we have done this in order to register the name.

Michiele MacBean. Name.

Submitted as Michièle MacBean, the accents in the cited article are editorial. All the period citations of the name that commenters could find appear without accents. We have therefore removed the accent in order to register the name.

The submitter has permission to conflict with the registered name Mitchell MacBain.

This name mixes a French given name and a Scots byname, which is a step from period practice.

Rosamund Sanburne. Name and device. Per bend sinister engrailed Or and azure semy of musical notes Or, a Russian firebird rising contourny azure.

Submitted as Rosamond Sanburne, the submitter indicated she preferred Rosamund. Rosamund is dated to 1563 in Bardsley (s.n. Roseaman), making the entire name sixteenth century.

Seonaid inghean Mhuireadhaigh. Name and device. Per pale purpure and argent, three towers counterchanged.

The submitter requested authenticity for Scots Gaelic. This name meets that request.

This device is clear of a badge for the Barony of Red Spears, Per pale purpure and argent, a zule counterchanged. There is a CD for the change in number of primary charges. There is at least significant difference, if not substantial, between a zule and a tower, so there is another CD for the change of type of the primary charge group. Since substantial difference is not necessary to clear the conflict, we will not rule on whether there is substantial difference between a zule and a tower at this time.

ATLANTIA

Adalric Karl. Name and device. Sable, a saltire argent surmounted by a sun Or, a bordure argent.

Afshin Darius. Household name House of the White Crescent and badge association. Per pale sable and gules, in fess an increscent and a decrescent conjoined argent.

While this household name is registerable, the submitter may want to know that the more typical period form would use the normal word moon rather than the heraldic crescent.

The badge was registered to the submitter in August 2009, via Atlantia.

Dagfinnr járnauga. Name.

Emeludt Hänsler. Release of alternate name Elisabeth Hänsler.

Evja Vermundardóttir. Name and device. Per pale azure and Or, two horses rampant reguardant addorsed within a bordure embattled counterchanged.

Fríða in hárfagra. Name and badge. Gules, a linden tree eradicated between three dragonflies bendwise argent.

Gheile filia Aldwardi. Name.

While the exact spelling of the byname cannot be found in the Dutch citations we have, it is easy to construct from citations found by commenters. However, the spelling is typical of a period more than 300 years before the first citation of the given name. Therefore, there is a step from period practice for the temporal incompatibility in the name.

Guillaume au Serpent d'Or. Reblazon of device. Sable, a serpent erect, tail coiled and nowed, within a bordure Or.

Blazoned when registered as Sable, a serpent coiled and nowed within a bordure Or, we are clarifying the posture of the serpent.

Henry Bartholomew Weste. Device. Sable, a cross patonce between four water bougets Or.

Lorelei Greenleafe. Name and device. Per pale azure and vert, an arrow bendwise sinister inverted between an oak leaf bendwise and an oak leaf bendwise inverted argent.

Lorelei is the submitter's legal given name.

Michael Batcok. Heraldic title Gallo Canente Herald.

The use of a Latin (as opposed to vernacular) motto as the basis for a heraldic title is a step from period practice:

Ursula Georges does note that she has found no examples of heraldic titles formed from Latin mottos. However, there is a general pattern of titles so formed. Therefore, forming a heraldic title from a Latin motto is one step from period practice. [Northshield, Kingdom of, LoAR 03/2006, Northshield-A]

Rónán mac Aodha. Name.

Rónán is the name of a saint, suitable in that spelling for either Middle or Early Modern Gaelic.

Rose of Black Diamond. Badge for House of Rosewode. Or, a tree blasted and eradicated sable and on a chief embattled gules three hearts Or.

The household name House of Rosewode, was registered to the submitter in December 2010, via Atlantia.

Rycharde Muir. Badge. Per bend gules and argent, a greyhound passant and a lion couchant counterchanged.

Séamus mac Céin hUí Dhublaich. Device. Quarterly vert and sable, an arrow fesswise between four foxes sejant Or.

Seonaid ní Fhionn. Badge. (Fieldless) An escallop ermine ducally crowned Or.

The submitter is a duchess and thus entitled to display a ducal coronet.

Talan Gof. Name.

Yngvildr Galtadóttir. Name.

CAID

Alice de la Paleysse. Name.

Nice 13th century English name!

Altavia, Barony of. Badge. Argent, a fret sable and a chief vert.

The barony already has the heraldically equivalent Argent fretty sable, a chief vert registered. Fretty is considered an artistic variant of a fret.

Questions were raised in commentary about whether or not we will register items with a blazonable difference that are heraldically equivalent and precedents were quoted both ways. Since the submitted badge is a valid drawing of their registered badge, we will register the same fundamental design to them under a different blazon.

Atia Alexandri uxor. Name (see RETURNS for device).

The submitter may want to know that while the word order in this name is registerable, the far more typical byname for the medieval period would be uxor Alexandri.

Birgir inn blakki. Device change. Gules, in pall a death's head between three Thor's hammers heads to center Or.

His old device, Gules, three Thor's hammers argent, is retained as a badge.

Ciothruadh Dubh. Name change from holding name Ciothruadh of Lyondemere.

Cobhlaith Mhór inghean Uí Dhuinn. Name and device. Argent, a cauldron within a bordure gules.

Submitted as Cobhlaith Mhór Ó Duinn, the second byname (Ó Duinn) is only appropriate for a man. The feminine form is inghean Uí Dhuinn; we have made that change in order to register the name.

Dubhghall mac Aodha mhic Néill. Name and device. Gyronny argent and vert, an annulet counterchanged.

Elspeth Lyttleburye. Device. Argent, a fox's mask gules, a chief embattled pean.

Please instruct the submitter to draw fewer and deeper repeats on the embattled line of division and larger and fewer ermine spots.

Emelye inghean Dubhghaill. Name and device. Sable, two spears in saltire argent and overall a crescent bendwise sinister Or.

This name mixes an English given name and a Gaelic byname; this combination is a step from period practice.

Genevieve la Minstrelle. Name and device. Argent, a harp and on a chief azure three fleurs-de-lys argent.

Submitted as Geneviève la Minstrelle, the given name was documented from Colm Dubh, "Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris". Precedent says:

Submitted as Geneviève la Douce, the given name was documented ... as a spelling found in Colm Dubh, "An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html). Accents found in this work reflect modern editorial additions in the 1837 compilation from which these names were taken; they do not appear in the original census document. Given this, we have changed the name to Genevieve la Douce. [LoAR 10/2007, Caid-A]

We have dropped the accent in order to register the name.

Questions were raised about the suitability of the byname. The Middle English Dictionary (s.n. minstral) dates William le Menestral to 1302 and the spelling minstrelle for the word to 1387. Therefore, the feminine la Minstrelle seems a plausible Middle English construction.

Gisela von Grimme. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Nice 13th century German name!

Iðun College. Branch name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Iðunn College, the submitters justified this as the name of an Old Norse college. We allow colleges to create names suitable for colleges as well as generic branch names. Therefore, a name following the pattern of Bennet College or Jesus College (both using the unmodified given name of a holy figure) could be registered. However, patterns are language-dependent. The problem here is that there were no colleges in Old Norse times, as the first institutions of higher learning in Europe were founded in the late 11th and early 12th centuries. Universities came even later to Scandinavia, making these patterns only registerable in later Scandinavian languages. However, for these languages, we are willing to give the submitter the benefit of the doubt regarding the suitability of saint's names as a model for the names of colleges and universities.

Lind s.n. Iðunnr dates Idhunson to 1412, justifying a later Scandinavian Idhuns College (using the possessive form). The use of the edh continued as well, so that Iðuns College is justifiable, as is the unmarked Iðun College. As the last is the smallest change, we have registered that form. The submitters may want to know that an English Idone College would be registerable as well.

Issabella Oger of Buckie. Name and device. Argent, a beaver rampant azure.

Issabella Oger of Buckie. Badge. (Fieldless) A beaver rampant azure.

Ivan Aleksandrov Svolochka. Name and device. Quarterly purpure and argent, a bend sinister gules between two lozenges argent.

Nice 16th century Russian name!

Jacob Wolfert. Name.

Johann Grimm. Name and device. Per pale gules and argent, a boar passant sable and in base three crescents one and two counterchanged.

Kurono Kuro. Name change from Kurona Kuro the Unbeliever.

Registered in 1990 as Kurona Kuro the Unbeliever, the submitted form was Kurono Kuro the Unbeliever. Communication between kingdom and the submitter at the time indicate that this change of the final letter of Kurono was a kingdom error which they intended to fix as a timely errata. This did, however, not happen.

Luckily, Kurono is registerable. While commenters could not document it as a family name before 1600, it is a modern surname. One possible origin for the family name is a castle of that name which was built in 1597 (and destroyed during the grey period). Therefore, it is registerable as a family name derived from that period location. As such, we do not have to consider whether he is eligible for the hardship clause.

His previous name, Kurona Kuro the Unbeliever, is released.

Malie Arbuthnott. Name.

Matsunaga Haru. Name.

Submitted as Haru Matsunaga, a timely correction placed the name in the proper order as Matsunaga Haru. The submitter asked for assistance in documenting Haruka as a given name. While Haruka is used as a given name today, commenters could not find evidence for its use before the 20th century.

Maud of the Well. Name and device. Sable, a water bouget Or within a bordure embattled argent.

Moire of Lyondemere. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Sable crusilly Or, three roses argent.

Nice device!

Submitted under the name Moire Cochrane.

Raghnailt Beag inghean Amhlaoibh Mhoir Ui Dhonnabhain. Name change from Emma Wolvyne.

Submitted as Raghnailt Beag ingen Amlaib Mor Ui Donnabhain, the byname has small issues. First, Mor must be placed in the genitive (possessive) case due to its place in the byname; this makes it Moir. Additionally, the byname mixes Middle Gaelic and Early Modern Gaelic forms in a single name phrase. By precedent, the entire byname must be in a single language, as it is a single name phrase derived from the father's full name. We have therefore changed it to a completely Early Modern Gaelic form: this changes the particle ingen to inghean, the father's given name from Amlaib to Amhlaoibh, and lenites the first letter of the last two names (so Moir becomes Mhoir and Donnabhain becomes Dhonnabhain). A grammatically correct fully Middle Irish form of this byname would be ingen Amlaib Moir hUi Donndubain; it is registerable as well.

Her previous name, Emma Wolvyne, is released.

Reinhart Wegner. Name and device. Per pale sable and azure, a pall inverted argent overall a valknut Or.

Nice 15th century German name!

While the black and white and color emblazons have a blazonable difference, the difference is in the tincture of the field: the per pale line is missing on the black and white. While the Admin Handbook requires that both emblazons be an accurate representation of the submission, the color emblazon was present and allowed commenters to conflict check under the correct tinctures, so we can register this device.

Seraphina de Arlotto. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Seraphina de Arlette, the byname appears to be a modern form. The period form of the father's name appears to be Arlotto. The byname constructed from this name is the partially Latinized de Arlotto, d'Arlotto or Arlotti; we have changed the name to the first form, as it is closer to the submitted form.

Svana skósvein. Device. Azure semy of aspen leaves bendwise sinister Or within a bordure argent.

Thaleia Lakedaimonia. Name and device. Argent, a wolf's head cabossed and on a chief azure two compass stars elongated to base argent.

The submitter said that she believed the byname meant "the Laconian". She might want to know that the byname actually refers to the city, Lakedaemon, rather than the kingdom. The latter byname would be Lakaina. As the submitted form is registerable, we have not changed it.

The use of compass stars is a step from period practice.

Vlad Hideg. Name.

The submitter requested authenticity for 15th century Hungarian, but allowed minor changes only. Kolosvari Arpadne Julia provided suitable forms:

If he's more attached to the 15th century, then he'll have to make do with given names derived from Slavic names in Vlad-: Ladislaus Hydeg or Hydeg Lazlo, and Hydeg Ladomer or possibly Hydeg Lado.

However, each of these is a major change, which he does not allow.

The submitted name is registerable, as Vlad can be found in Romanian and the byname in Hungarian. As the two languages were spoken in a single area, and the cultures lived side by side under a single overlord, the combination of Romanian and Hungarian is only a step from period practice.

This item had been pended from the July 2010 LoAR.

CALONTIR

Amira bint Mikhail of Safita. Device. Azure, a pale fusilly between two horses rampant respectant Or.

Am{i-}ra bint Timurhan. Name and device. Per bend sinister wavy argent and azure, a bird volant to sinister chief and another volant to dexter base counterchanged.

Eoin Rengarth. Name and device. Azure, a sword inverted proper surmounted by a hanging balance Or between in chief two compass stars argent, a chief embattled Or.

The byname is grandfathered to the submitter, as it is part of the registered name of his legal father Marc Uther Corwyn David Rengarth.

The motif of a sword surmounted by a hanging balance is no longer registerable. Since his father has the motif registered, Eoin may register it under our grandfather clause.

Please instruct the submitter that the triangular area above the pan, between the chains, should be tinctured of the field; it should not be the same tincture as the balance.

The use of a compass star is a step from period practice.

Lucia da Riva. Device. Per pale azure and vert, a Bowen knot crosswise interlaced with an annulet argent.

Marc Uther Corwyn David Rengarth. Device change. Azure, a sword inverted proper hafted gules, surmounted by a hanging balance Or, a bordure argent.

The device was submitted as a request for reblazon, claiming that the provided emblazon matched his currently registered device. The submitted emblazon is very similar to his original submission, without the bordure, which was returned for conflict. When resubmitted, the sword was tinctured proper and the balance was tinctured argent, so this is a device change.

His old device, Azure, a sword inverted proper surmounted by a pair of scales within a bordure argent, is released.

Thorbjorn Hrafnsson. Name change from Gaston Dalstein.

This name was pended until the discussion on Old Norse transliterations was completed. As the decision was made to allow casual transliterations like the one in Thorbjorn (which uses o for {o,} as well as o), this can be registered as submitted.

His previous name, Gaston Dalstein, is released.

This name was pended from the July 2010 LoAR.

Verena Näherin. Name and device. Purpure, a winged talbot passant and a chief embattled Or.

DRACHENWALD

Asa Fredriksdotter. Name and device. Azure, a bend sinister wavy argent between six escallops Or.

The submitted documentation mixed Danish and Swedish; however, both elements can also be found in Sweden, making this a completely Swedish name.

Nice device!

Emma atte Wille. Name.

Lia de Thornegge. Device. Per pall inverted sable, vert and argent, three seeblätter inverted argent, argent and sable.

Logan Ragnarsson. Name.

Logan is the submitter's legal given name.

Ludewic Nilsson. Name (see RETURNS for device).

This name combines a German given name with a Danish or Norwegian byname; either combination is a step from period practice.

EAST

Altani of Stonemarche. Holding name and device (see PENDS for name). Azure, three chevronels braced and in chief a cloud, a bordure Or.

This device is clear of the device of Einar aus Enwelt, Azure, three chevronelles interlaced and in chief a pegasus counter-forcenée, wings addorsed, Or. The chevronels are not in the same group as the cloud/pegasus, by precedent. Therefore, there is a CD for the change of type of secondary charge, from pegasus to cloud, and a second for the addition of the bordure.

Submitted under the name Altani Khatagi.

Alys Treeby. Name and device. Argent semy of bees heads to center sable marked Or, a tree blasted sable issuant from a base vert.

Barbara de Vries. Name (see RETURNS for device).

The given name was justified as the submitter's legal name. It is also found as a 16th century Dutch woman's given name, making the submitted name authentic for that time and place.

Bella Delabarge. Name.

Briana Douglase. Name.

This can be seen as a completely English name (at least in the grey period), though the byname is more typically Scots.

Caitlin Sorcha O'Doghartie. Device. Per pale azure and argent, a sheep passant counterchanged.

Cassandra Missing. Name and device. Azure, in pale four natural dolphins naiant to sinister chief argent.

Submitted as Cassandra the Missing, this name was changed at kingdom to Cassandra of the Marshes, on the basis of the submitter's instructions. Edelweiss was able to find Missing as a surname in grey period England; thus we have changed it to Cassandra Missing to meet the submitter's requests and register the name.

Ceara of Hartshorn-dale. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Vert, on a bend between two equal-armed Celtic crosses argent three harps palewise vert.

Submitted under the name Ceara inghean Chuarta.

Connell of Dumfries. Name and device. Azure, on a bend between two lutes argent three arrows gules.

Cristoff Gockerhan von Loch. Device. Gyronny azure and argent, a cockatrice displayed gules.

This device is clear of the device of Roger Wells the Dragon's Bane, Or, scaly vert, a wyvern displayed gules There is a CD for the changes to the field and at least a CD between a dragon or wyvern and a cockatrice. Batonvert provided evidence that the cockatrice is a period charge and appears in a displayed posture in period.

Decimus Iulius Crassianus Macedonicus. Name (see RETURNS for device).

{eA}nnlin Ulrich. Name and device. Per fess argent and paly argent and vert, in pale an eagle vert and a rose gules.

Submitted as Aennlin Ulrich, the documented form is actually {eA}nnlin, where {eA} is a capital A with a lowercase e superscripted above it. No evidence was found for the use of Ae in place of that letter (or in documented spellings of that name). We have made this change in order to register the name.

East, Kingdom of the. Badge association for the populace. (Fieldless) A tyger passant azure.

The badge is no longer to be designated as being "for the Crown."

Edel Feurer Drache. Name.

In June 2010, Laurel ruled:

Submitters questioned whether there was evidence for the use of two bynames in German. Aryanhwy merch Catmael's "German Names from Rottweil, Baden-Württemberg, 1441" states "All of the people had just one given name, but a small percentage had more than one byname. Examples of this include Clos Villing von Dietingen, Hanns Ha[e]n von Dietingen. Of the examples of double surnames, the second was almost always (but not always) a locative based on a city name."

The second byname Drache is derived from an inn-sign, and is hence a locative byname. The more likely form of it, especially as a second byname is as zum Drache. But the unmarked form is registerable.

Edmund of Limerick. Name.

Edward Talbot. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Nice 16th century English name; Edelweiss was able to find two boys of that name christened just in the 1580s.

Elisabeth Borden of Kent. Acceptance of badge transfer from Francesco Gaetano Greco d'Edessa. Azure, two batons in saltire between four crosses crosslet argent.

Elizabet rábiti. Name and device. Per chevron throughout vert and argent, two ivy leaves inverted Or and a raven displayed sable.

This name combines a Swedish given name and an Old Norse byname; this combination is a step from period practice.

There is a step from period practice for the use of a raven displayed.

Emundi {o,}lfúss. Name and device. Azure, a cracked tankard bendwise sinister inverted distilling a goutte argent.

Engel der Arzt. Name and device. Quarterly azure and purpure, a cross between four open books argent.

The submitter indicated that he would prefer the spelling Engle; unfortunately we could find no evidence to support that spelling in period.

Francesco Gaetano Greco d'Edessa. Transfer of badge to Elisabeth Borden of Kent. Azure, two batons in saltire between four crosses crosslet argent.

Generys William. Name.

Gunnv{o,}r hausakljúfr. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Gynter Eiriksson. Name (see RETURNS for device).

As documented, this name combines a Swedish given name with an Old Norse byname. However, as the byname is just as plausible in Swedish as it is in Old Norse, this is a completely Swedish name.

Honda Saburou Tadamitsu. Name and device. Azure, seven plates one, two, one, two, and one within an orle argent.

The submitter requested authenticity for 1573-1600 Japanese. We cannot confirm that the nanori was in use at that time (as it is constructed from elements that date to much earlier. However, it is not unlikely that such a nanori could be constructed for the later period. Therefore, the name is plausibly authentic for the desired time.

Jamys of Ruantallan. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per chevron vert and Or, a fox sejant proper between three Celtic crosses counterchanged.

Submitted under the name Jamys O Donill.

Karaz bint Tariq al-Qahuahiyya. Name.

Karaz is a constructed name, following a pattern of slave girls being named after kinds of tree (karaz is the modern word for 'cherry tree'). While it is not clear if the word meaning 'cherry' is period, a word with the same transliteration meaning 'acacia' clearly is period. Therefore the name follows the aforementioned pattern.

Kusunoki Kinshige. Name and badge. Per fess wavy argent and barry wavy azure and argent, two arrows in saltire azure.

The Letter of Intent mentioned that Japanese Kin is a possible claim to rank. Long precedent says that names that are the same as terms of rank are allowed in contexts that do not create such a claim, as in the name Regina the Laundress. In this case, no claim to rank is created; therefore we do not have to consider whether the element Kin- constitutes a possible inappropriate claim.

Leon the Navigator. Name and device. Per bend sinister azure and vert, in bend an astrolabe and a caravel argent.

The name Robertus Nauigator was dated to 1241 in the Letter of Intent.

Please inform the submitter that the interior of the astrolabe should not be colored with the tincture of the field. The charge is a solid charge that is equivalent to a roundel with internal detailing.

Lorita de Siena. Badge. (Fieldless) A rose per chevron inverted purpure and Or.

Lucie Lovegood of Ramisgate. Name.

Mina di Pasquale. Name.

Nice 15th century Italian name!

Muirenn na Tengad. Name and device. Vert, a tree blasted and in base an open book, a bordure argent.

Onóra inghean Uí Ruairc. Name and device. Per chevron Or and gules, two trees eradicated azure and a unicorn argent.

Owen of Falkonmore. Name and device. Argent, two frogs sejant respectant vert.

The byname is grandfathered to the submitter, as he is the legal son of Baldric of Falkonmore.

Per Arca. Name.

Arca is listed as the owner of a coat of arms in the late period Portuguese Livro Armerio-Mor. That citation indicates it is either a family name or the name of a town, which could create an unmarked locative byname. Either way, Arca is appropriate as a byname.

Rónán Gruamdha. Name and device. Argent, on a pale indented between two eagles gules three pheons Or.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the pheons larger, to better fill the available space.

Sarra Daykin. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Serafima Medvednikova. Name and device. Per saltire azure and sable, a bear rampant between in fess two mullets of four points elongated to base argent.

There is a step from period practice for the use of a mullet of four points.

Sigurðr inn danski. Name and device. Or, a wood chisel, blade to chief, sable.

This device is clear of a badge of the Middle Kingdom, Or, a flanged mace bendwise sinister sable. The mace is clearly a mace and does not resemble a chisel at all. The designs are clear under section X.2 of the Rules for Submissions, as a mace is substantially different from a wood chisel.

Sigurðr inn danski. Badge. (Fieldless) A tiler's nail Or.

Simon Digorie. Name and device. Per chevron vert and gules, a chevron sable fimbriated between three lozenges Or.

The submitter requested authenticity for late 16th century Lowland Scots or Northern English. This name is authentic for late period English, but we could not find the byname in Scotland.

Simona bat Leone. Device. Per pale argent and azure vetu, a mullet of six points between three bees, all counterchanged.

Takezaki Kotau. Name and device. Argent, three gouttes in annulo tails to heads within an annulet sable.

Thomas Gernon. Name and device. Vert, on a chevron throughout between three ram's heads erased argent three casks palewise proper.

Commenters have been using the November 2001 LoAR discussion about the proper style for medieval erasing as a basis for calling for returns of any armory which does not exactly meet every detail of that description. While the depicted emblazon does not fully meet that description, it is good enough, since the submitted charge is clearly not couped. We will not be returning armory which is clearly meant to be erased unless the number of jags is overwhelming or the jags are too small to be clearly seen as erased.

Thora Dragonet. Name and device. Per saltire azure and gules, a battle-axe reversed argent.

Tristan de Worrell. Name and device. Or, two boars combattant sable, in base a wooden barrel proper.

This mixes a French given name with an English byname; this combination is not a step from period practice.

Ulrich Reinhart. Name.

Nice 15th century German name!

Violante of Settmour Swamp. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Argent, on a saltire between four escallops azure an escallop Or.

Submitted under the name Violante da Rocha.

William Bircholt of Dartemouthe. Name and device. Quarterly gules and Or, a boar rampant sable.

Submitted as William Bircholt of Dartmouth_, the submitter requested authenticity for 14th century English. While the spelling of the first two elements is suitable for the 14th century, the spelling Dartmouth is not found until the 16th century. Forms of Dartmouth found in the 14th century include Dertemouthe and Dartemouthe (found in Dartmouth, Volume 1 by Hugh Robert Watkin). We have changed the byname to of Dartemouthe in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity.

GLEANN ABHANN

Áine ingen in Gobhann. Device. Per bend vert and sable, a hare salient argent and a chief Or.

Cairistiona Symon. Name.

This name mixes a Gaelic given name with a Scots byname, which is a step from period practice.

Dauid Mac an Ghoill. Device. Vert, a frog salient Or and a ford proper.

Róis inghean Fhaoláin. Device. Azure, a wolf's head erased between three roses Or.

Vincenzo Traina. Name and device. Per chevron azure and Or, two beagles statant respectant argent marked sable and a beagle statant contourny gules marked sable.

The submitted name Vincenzo Traina is a period Tuscan form. The submitter indicated some interest in a southern Italian form; a typically southern form would be Vinchenzu Trayna. Either is registerable; as the submitter did not request that his name be changed, we will register it as submitted.

While we have sufficient documentation that beagles were a period breed, and the word 'begle' to mean a small scent hound is found in the OED dated to 1475, we do not yet have documentation that the modern depiction of a beagle matches the period breed. However, in the interests of reproducibility, we have chosen to retain the term here.

LOCHAC

Cara di Lupo. Name and device. Per chevron gules and azure, three fleurs-de-lys and a wolf sejant ululant argent.

Nice 15th century Italian name!

Blazoned on the Letter of Intent as having a primary wolf and secondary fleurs-de-lys, items on either side of a per chevron line of division are, by precedent, all in the same charge group:

The reason for the 'unmistakable impression of three co-primary charges' was that the charges were on either side of a line of division. Charges on either side of a line of division have long been held to be co-primary, regardless of their size. Precedent says "As two types of charges lying on either side of a line of division, this is four co-primary charges, not a primary and three secondary charges." [Ia ingen Áeda, October 2008, R-Northshield] The same situation applies here: the flowers and the board are co-primary. [István Nyiregyhazi, July 2009, R-East]

Therefore, all four charges in this emblazon are co-primary charges. A sufficient number of commenters had conflict checked it under that interpretation that we are able to register it without pending for more research.

There is a step from period practice for the use of a wolf ululant.

Catherine of Shirwode. Name and device. Per pale argent and azure semy of oak leaves argent.

Catherine of Shirwode. Blanket permission to conflict with name and device. Per pale argent and azure semy of oak leaves argent.

Catherine grants permission to conflict for all armory which is a countable step (CD) from her device.

Donald Anderson. Name and device. Or, a dance vert between a branch fesswise flowered of three roses proper and a sprig of three cherries gules slipped and leaved vert.

Einarr inn kyrri Úlfsson. Name and device. Gules, a wolf's head cabossed between three mullets Or.

Ellen of Wyteley. Name and device. Vert, a bend sinister wavy between two beech trees argent.

This device is clear of the device of Brigit Comyn, Vert, a bend wavy sinister between two stick shuttles bendwise sinister argent, threaded purpure. There is a CD for the change of type of secondary charge and a CD for the change of orientation of the secondary charges, since the trees could be placed bendwise sinister.

Please instruct the submitter that the bend should be drawn slightly wider, as befits its status as an ordinary.

Ellen of Wyteley. Blanket permission to conflict with name and device. Vert, a bend sinister wavy between two beech trees argent.

Ellen grants permission to conflict for armory which is a countable step (CD) from her device.

Estienne Delemontagne. Device. Per pale azure and vert, a chevron between three mullets argent.

Helen Hartshorne. Name and device. Azure, on a pale between two harts combattant argent a pale fusilly gules.

Nice 16th century English name!

Iames Douglas. Name and device. Azure, on a saltire argent a heart gules, a chief argent.

Commenters questioned whether James Douglas, who carried Robert Bruce's heart to the Holy Land, was important enough to protect. While he is a noteworthy figure in the Bruce's time, he does not rise to the level of importance currently required to be important enough to protect. Therefore this name can be registered.

Commenters asked if the device was presumptuous or pretentious of either the legend of James Douglas, the flag of Scotland, or both. The device is not a conflict with the flag of Scotland (Azure, a saltire argent), the arms of Douglas, (Argent, on a chief azure three mullets argent), or the augmented arms of Douglas (Argent, a heart and on a chief azure, three mullets argent). While the submission is definitely allusive of these designs, it is clear of all of them. Neither James Douglas' armory, nor his story is important enough to protect under our current standards. Therefore, this device can be registered.

Imaigne de Kayre. Name.

Ismena Gamel. Device. Sable, a bar gemel Or between three candles argent lit proper.

Lazarus Thurnierer. Name.

Niáll inn Orkneyski. Device. Sable, three serpents involved in annulo within a bordure Or.

This device is clear of the badge of Guillaume au Serpent d'Or, Sable, a serpent erect, tail coiled and nowed within a bordure Or, reblazoned elsewhere in this letter. There is a CD for the change of number of primary charges and a CD for the change of posture of the primary charges.

Osric of Lindisfarne. Name.

The byname of Lindisfarne is the Lingua Anglica form of an Anglo-Saxon byname of Lindisfarna (found for example in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles).

Pelagia Aldinoch. Name.

Nice 13th century English name!

Petronilla Fairwif of Horsford. Name.

Petronilla Fairwif of Horsford. Blanket permission to conflict with name.

Raynald Greygoose. Name.

Submitted as Raynald Greygoose, the name was changed at Kingdom to Greygose in order to match the dated forms they could find. Luckily, Edelweiss was able to find the submitted form as a 16th century English surname. We have therefore restored the name to its submitted form.

Raynald Greygoose. Blanket permission to conflict with name.

Renonys de la Fueille. Name and device. Per chevron purpure and vert, two pheons inverted and an ivy leaf Or.

Richard Ferrowre. Name.

Nice 15th century English name!

Robert Laffan of York. Name.

Submitted as Robert Leffan of York, this was changed at kingdom to Robert Lefthand of York to match the dated forms. Commenters were able to find the byname Laffan in 15th and 16th century England; as that is closer to the submitted form, we have made that change.

Robert Laffan of York. Blanket permission to conflict with name.

Symonne du Foy. Name.

Symonne du Foy. Blanket permission to conflict with name.

Thyri skjaldmær. Name and device. Or, a fleur-de-lys between three mullets gules.

Thyri has permission to conflict with the device of Beatrice Lilli, Or, a fleur-de-lys between three bees gules.

Nice device!

Valdemar Sigurdson. Name and device. Per fess sable and azure, a plate and in base two bars wavy argent.

In the article cited in the Letter of Intent, Valdemar is only given as a header form. Valdemar is found as a Norwegian form of a Danish name (Margreta Valdemars Dana konungs dotter is dated to 1410 in Aryanhwy merch Catmael's "Medieval Norwegian Feminine Names," and thus there is no problem with registering it.

Commenters questioned whether the patronym needed to be placed in the genitive form, making the name Sigurdsson. While this spelling is more common, there are many examples in the SMP and in the article cited above that use the nominative form of names. Examples from the latter (which are feminine) include wolffdother, Ongrim dotor, Ræist dottir, Thiølldother, Torbiorndotter and Biornd dotter. Given these examples, the submitted form is registerable.

MERIDIES

Arawd MacPhillan. Name and device. Azure, on a bend between two wolf's heads bendwise couped argent, three decrescents palewise gules.

This name mixes a Welsh given name with an Anglicized Irish byname; this is a step from period practice. The byname is dated only to the time of Elizabeth I or James I, while the given name is dated to the late 13th century. A more than 300 year gap would be a second step from period practice, which would require return. We cannot guarantee that the elements were used within 300 years of one another. However, by precedent, we must give the submitter the benefit of the doubt, as it could have been in use as early as 1558. Therefore, the name does not have a second step from period practice for the temporal disparity and can be registered.

This device is clear of the device of Ana Beig de Rosslyn, Azure, on a bend between two crosses crosslet argent, three crescents sable. There is a CD for the change of type of secondary charges and a CD for the multiple changes to the tertiary charge group.

Gabrielia Martina Ranew. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Appearing on the Letter of Intent as Gabriela Martina Ranew, communication from the submissions herald made it clear that the name should have been Gabrielia Martina Ranew. Gabrielia Martina would be a reasonable feminine Byzantine name; the addition of a family name is plausible. Therefore, the combination of these Byzantine elements with her legal surname is registerable.

Ranew is her legal surname.

Giraldo de la Fuente. Name.

Nice 16th century Spanish name.

Humphrey Wetewodd. Device. Per bend sinister argent and vert semy of swords argent, in chief a brown eagle's head erased proper.

Commenters have been using the November 2001 LoAR discussion about the proper style for medieval erasing as a basis for calling for returns of any armory which does not exactly meet every detail of that description. While the depicted emblazon does not fully meet that description, it is good enough, since the submitted charge is clearly not couped. We will not be returning armory which is clearly meant to be erased unless the number of jags is overwhelming or the jags are too small to be clearly seen as erased.

'Izza bint Amat al-Rahman. Name.

More formal transliteration systems distinguish between the ayn (`) and the hamza ('); this would give `Izza. However, this form is registerable as well.

Laurencius Legnano. Transfer of device to Thomas Alfred. Per pale sable and gules, a griffin segreant contourny reguardant between in chief two goblets Or.

Lucilla da Cefalu. Name and device. Per chevron inverted vert and sable, a sun in his splendor and a dagger fesswise Or.

Marcus Blakhart of Shrewesbury. Name and device. Argent, on a chevron between three stag's heads erased sable three fleurs-de-lys palewise argent.

Marcus Blakhart of Shrewesbury. Badge. (Fieldless) On a stag's head erased sable a fleur-de-lys argent.

Saraqan Unegen. Name and device. Per fess argent and gules, a fox passant sable and an increscent argent.

The Letter of Intent reported some lack of assuredness about the construction of Saraqan. Metron Ariston was able to find it as a period name:

However, I did find one reference to a male individual by this name on page 38 of Allsen's Culture and Conquest in Mongol Eurasia which is available online at http://books.google.com/books?id=0StLNcKQNUoC, basing his statement on Mahin Hambly's edition of the Ta'rikh-i Uljaytu by Abu al-Qasim al-Qashani, he notes one Saraq{a-}n Bashqird who was appointed amir shortly after 1304 having "previously served the Yuan prince, Ananda, a grandson of Qubilai and a convert to Islam, whose territory was in the Tangut land, the area of the Kansu Corridor"

Sedracas, Canton of. Branch name (see RETURNS for device).

The placename Sedracas can be understood as a byname Se attached to an existing placename, Dracas. Examples of this pattern can be found in Juliana de Luna's "Compound Placenames in English," which include Waterbelcham 1297, Cocking Hatley 1576, and Abeleng 1086, and Achelenz 1086.

The byname atte See is dated to 1333 (in the Middle English Dictionary s.n se), and Se is a header form, and dated (as a word) to a. 1225. Therefore, Se is a viable byname form, and can be used in a compound byname. The placename Dracas is dated to 1154. So, a c. 1200 Sedracas is plausible and can be registered.

The submitters have permission to conflict with Seadrake Pursuivant, registered to the East Kingdom.

Thomas Alfred. Name and acceptance of device transfer from Laurencius Legnano. Per pale sable and gules, a griffin segreant contourny reguardant between in chief two goblets Or.

This name is clear of the registered Thomas Alvarez. The bynames have different numbers of syllables (three versus two) and different consonant groups (v-r-z versus fr-d). Additionally, when properly pronounced, they have no vowel sounds in common, as the vowels in English Alfred are not found in Spanish.

MIDDLE

Anselm Mareschal. Name change from Kenneth Muntsorell.

The submitter requested authenticity for 14th century England; this name meets that request.

The submitter's previous name, Kenneth Muntsorell, is retained as an alternate name.

Brigita Gescheid. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Nice 15th century German name!

Britta Asgeirsdottir. Name.

Submitted as Britta Ásgirssdóttir, the name combines a Swedish given name dated to 1478 with an Old Norse byname (which is itself misspelled: the documented name is Ásgeirr). This combination is two steps from period practice: one for the lingual mix and a second for the temporal distance of more than 300 years between the name elements. Such a name cannot be registered. Luckily, Old Norse Ásgeirr continued in use in Swedish with slight spelling changes; spellings like Asgeir are found in 1387, 1399, and 1444. Bynames with -dottir are dated to 1350, 1379, 1385, 1390, 1392, 1412, (SMP s.n. Cecilia). Therefore we can register a completely Swedish Britta Asgeirsdottir.

Cathryn of Chester. Alternate name Gyða Arnórsdóttir.

Submitted as Gyða Arnórrsdottir, the byname has two minor issues. First, the correct genitive (possessive) form of Arnórr is Arnórs, with a single r. Second, the word dóttir has an accent. We have made both changes in order to register the name.

Catriona nicHugh McLae. Badge. (Fieldless) An oak leaf inverted doubly fructed quarterly gules and argent.

Elena Dolpadarn. Device. Per pale azure and Or, in bend sinister two cinquefoils vert and argent.

Elizabeth Griffin. Name.

This is a lovely English name for most of the Middle Ages. Edelweiss found five citations of this exact name between the 1530s and the 1570s.

Ellisif Steinsdóttir. Name.

Elspet NicDhubhghlaise bean Iain MhicThomaidh. Reblazon of device. Azure, three domestic cats statant guardant in annulo argent, each biting the tail of the previous.

Blazoned when registered, in September 1992, as Azure, three cats couchant in annulo argent, each biting the tail of the cat previous, the cats are domestic cats and their posture is much better described as statant, since the feet project downward from the body.

Gabriel de Braci. Name and device. Argent, a winged wolf sejant ululant and on a chief sable three plates.

Nice 13th century English name!

The use of a wolf ululant is a step from period practice.

Please instruct the submitter to use internal details on the primary charge.

Giovanna Adimari. Name and device. Erminois, on a pale wavy azure a beehive between two bees Or.

Nice 15th century Italian name!

Gregoire de Lyon. Name and device. Gules, a chevron counter-compony vert and argent between two fleurs-de-lys and a pavillion Or.

Hannah Schreiber. Name and device. Per chevron purpure and argent, a sun counterchanged.

Hannah can be documented as a late period English given name, which can be registered with the German byname (though that combination is a step from period practice). A completely German form would be Hanna Schreiber. However, as the submitter did not request authenticity, we have registered the name as submitted.

Jadwiga Krzyzanowska. Blanket permission to conflict with name.

Julia Koressina. Device. Ermine, an elephant within a bordure embattled sable.

Please instruct the submitter to draw slightly more, smaller ermine spots. As emblazoned, only three of the ermine spots are actually identifiable as ermine spots. Please also instruct the submitter to draw more prominent embattlements on the bordure.

Lazarus Jacob Hase. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Lazarus Jacob von Hase, no evidence was presented nor could any be found for the use of von with the byname Hase. We have made that change in order to register the name.

The submitter may want to know that a Low German van der Haes would also be registerable. This is derived from the form of the name of the modern river Hase recorded in a 1571 Ortelius map.

Marcus der Guotman. Name and device. Sable, a double-headed eagle and in base a crescent, on a chief embattled Or two crescents sable.

Marie de Normandie. Name and device. Azure crusilly Or, a dove rising and a gore argent.

Nicholas of Wicklow. Name and device. Quarterly vert and sable, a dog's head erased and a chief embattled Or.

Orpha of Norwich. Name and device. Per pale vert and sable all mullety of eight points Or, a horse rampant contourny argent.

Red Spears, Barony of. Badge for Order of the Boarsbane. Or, a boarspear within a bordure gules.

The order name was registered in April 1991.

Red Spears, Barony of. Badge for the populace. Or, two boar spears in saltire surmounted by another palewise gules.

Red Spears, Barony of. Badge association for Barons Honour Guard. (Fieldless) A winged boar's head erased Or, wings elevated and addorsed argent.

Barons Honour Guard is a generic identifier.

The badge was registered in August 1997.

Reyna Thorne. Device. Per chevron inverted argent and azure, a mullet voided and interlaced and a horseshoe inverted and winged counterchanged.

Please instruct the submitter to draw a much steeper per chevron line of division. In most period armory, there would not be enough room for the winged horseshoe, a primary charge, to be below the point of a properly drawn per chevron inverted field.

Roibhilín of Adair. Name and device. Argent, a bend wavy azure between three oak leaves bendwise one and two vert.

Adair is found as a grey period Scots byname in the Records of the Parliaments of Scotland. The combination of a Gaelic given name and a Scots byname is a step from period practice.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the bend with deeper, more prominent waves.

Rydderch ap Morgan. Device (see RETURNS for badge). Per pall vert, argent and sable, two bezants in fess, each charged with a lozenge throughout sable, and two unicorns passant addorsed counterchanged.

Simcha bat Yona. Name and device. Or, a snail gules and on a chief sable three Jew's hats Or.

Submitted as Simcha bat Yonah, this is a Hebrew name transliterated into the Latin alphabet. We require a single transliteration system be used for transcription. Both Simcha and Yonah end with the same Hebrew letter, and must thus be consistently transcribed as either a or ah. The submitter has indicated she prefers both forms to end with a; we have made that change in order to register this name.

Soffya von Kulpe. Name and device. Argent, on a bend between two water bougets gules three ermine spots palewise argent.

Submitted as Soffya von Kulp_, all dated forms of the byname had a terminal -e or -en; we have changed the name to von Kulpe in order to register it.

The spelling Soffya is compatible with period spellings. Ælfwynn Leoflæde dohtor said:

Given the spellings in Socin: "Sophya 12th century, 1279, 1293; Sofia 1297; Soffia early 12th century; Suffia early 12th century;" (quoting from Talan quote in the LoI) and Seibeke: Sophya, Soffie 1011-1200 and 1300-1400, Soffei 14th century, Suffey 1403-15, Soffe 1387, Sophya 14th century, Soffey and Sophey in Regensburg before 1400 and many many Fye/Fia short-forms, I have no problem with the spelling Soffya. There are plenty of examples of the ph/ff and the i/y switch.

Sorcha Drach. Name and device. Argent, a dragon's head cabossed and on a chief azure three bezants.

Submitted as Sor{c'}a Dra{c'}, the apostrophes were a misunderstanding of dots over the letters, which is used in Gaelic to indicate lenition. We register such letters using the Latin alphabet convention for the characters, which is to place an h after the lenited character. We have made that change in order to register the name.

Thorfinn Davidsson. Name (see RETURNS for device).

The submitter indicated interest in an Old Norse name. While the submitted form is registerable, it is typical of a later period in Scandinavia. The submitter may want to know that the Old Norse form would be Þórfinnr Daviðsson (or Thorfinnr Davithsson).

Thorny Bodvarskona. Name.

While the byname Bodvarskona is not the standard Old Norse form, the documentary Old Norse possessive form (suitable for use with -kona) Bodvars is found in Lind s.n. B{o,}ðvarr.

Tristán Bartolo de la Vega. Name.

Uilliam of Flaming Gryphon. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Vert, a chevron erminois between two crosses of Jerusalem and a rose argent.

Please draw the crosses of Jerusalem larger and bolder, so they are more easily identifiable from a distance.

Submitted under the name Uilliam MacAoidh.

Vincent L'Austere. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Commenters questioned whether the article needs to be lowercase; Aryanhwy merch Catmael's "French Surnames from Paris, 1421, 1423 & 1438" gives examples with both lowercase and capitalized articles and prepositions.

Yosef ben Ami. Device (see RETURNS for name change). Per pale azure and gules, a wolf's head cabossed and in chief two gouttes argent.

Submitted under the name Ze'ev ben Ami.

NORTHSHIELD

Adrian Norwood. Name.

Nice 16th century English name!

Aoife inghean Ghiolla Bhrighde. Name and device. Vert, an enfield statant and on a base argent, a thistle proper.

Submitted as Aoife inghean Ghille-Bhrighde, the byname mixes the typically Middle Gaelic Gille with the Early Modern Gaelic Bhrighde and includes a hyphen that is not found in period spellings. The wholly early Modern Gaelic form (which matches the rest of the name) is Ghiolla Bhrighde; we have made that change in order to register the name.

Please instruct the submitter that the enfield should not be touching the edges of the field, nor should the thistle be touching the upper edge of the base.

Arnbj{o,}rn Karlsson. Badge. (Fieldless) On a maple leaf gules a bear passant argent.

Kolfinna Hrafnkelsdottir. Name and device. Gyronny arrondy of six palewise argent and vert, two boars rampant reguardant addorsed sable.

The submitter requested authenticity for Norse, "ca. 9-11th century Iceland." This name meets that standard.

There is a step from period practice for the use of a central charge on a field gyronny arrondy of six palewise.

Vasco Pereira de Faria. Name and device. Per bend Or and argent, an alembic flask vert.

This is a nice late period Portuguese name. The submitter may want to know that it does not, however, mean "of the pear orchard." These are two independent bynames that would be understood as two separate ideas. The latter is a placename; the former is derived from the word for 'pear' and could be understood as someone who grows pears.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the alembic flask fully in profile. While it is slightly in trian aspect, it is a function of the internal detailing, so we are willing to register it.

OUTLANDS

Al Ulaghan Chinua. Device. Sable, on a fess argent between a scimitar fesswise reversed and a scimitar fesswise proper, a wolf courant gules.

Ravenhyrst, Canton of. Device. Per chevron sable and argent, two ravens migrant respectant argent and a laurel wreath vert.

The Canton has permission to conflict with the armory for Elkshire, Per chevron sable and argent, two elk's heads, erased and respectant, argent and a laurel wreath vert. Because Elkshire is defunct, the permission was granted by the Crown of Calontir.

WEST

Alewaülfe the Red. Reblazon of device. Per chevron inverted vert and azure, a chevron inverted argent between a hippogriff courant and two unicorns salient addorsed Or.

We note that the name in the online Ordinary and Armorial is Alewaulfe the Red, and this is incorrect. Both the submissions form and the definitive paper version of the April 1976 LoAR have the umlaut added by hand.

Blazoned when registered in April 1976 as Per chevron reversed vert and azure, a chevron reversed argent between a hippogriff courant and two unicorns salient addorsed, all Or, we are updating the blazon since we no longer describe chevrons as being reversed, reserving that term for items which are mirrored right-to-left.

Gerold Bright Angel. Reblazon of device. Gules, a cross quadrate and in canton a mullet Or.

Blazoned when registered in January 1974 as Gules, a cross quadrate by estoile, and in canton a mullet Or, the cross is not actually quadrate. The 'corners' are actually acute angles, and the whole somewhat resembles the minor points we sometimes see on a compass star. The cross, however, is functionally and heraldically equivalent to a cross quadrate, and we have changed the blazon so that future heralds are not confused by the old blazon.

Oliver de Montfort. Name.

Appearing on the Letter of Intent as Oliver of Southhampton, the forms gave both that name and Oliver de Montfort. The submitter confirmed that the latter was his intended submission, and we have registered it accordingly.

This was pended from the October 2010 Letter of Acceptances and Returns.

- Explicit littera accipiendorum -


THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN RETURNED FOR FURTHER WORK:

ÆTHELMEARC

Emelyne le Tresor. Release of name and device. Gules, a chevron argent semy of key crosses sable between three fleurs-de-lys argent.

This name and device were released in August 2010.

AN TIR

Adiantum, Barony of. Badge for Order of Courtesy of Adiantum. Sable, two bear's heads erased addorsed conjoined at the neck and a bordure wavy-crested Or.

Blazoned on the Letter of Intent as rayonny, the line of division is actually wavy-crested, which has not been acceptable in the SCA since 1976. The rayonny line of division comes to a sharp point at both the inside and the outside of the line. The line in the submitted emblazon is curved on the outer edge, pointed on the inner edge, and leans over to one side.

ANSTEORRA

None.

ARTEMISIA

Godwin of Montgomery. Device. Quarterly vert and azure, a Celtic cross throughout Or, the field showing through the cross quarterly azure and vert.

This device is returned because it is not blazonable in a reproducible fashion using standard blazon, which is a violation of section VII.7.b of the Rules for Submissions, which requires that "Any element used in Society armory must be describable in standard heraldic terms."

This device is also in conflict with the badge of Alys de Wilton, (Fieldless) An equal-armed Celtic cross Or, with a single CD for comparing a fielded and fieldless design.

Ronan Geirsson. Device. Or, a bull passant and on a chief triangular gules a sun Or.

This device is returned because the charge in chief could not be accurately blazoned. The charge is not a pile, because it issues from the corners of the field and not from the top and because it does not extend most of the way across the field: piles are throughout, or nearly so. It is not a chief triangular because it extends too far into the field. It is not per chevron inverted, which would issue from the sides of the field, not the top corners. We have blazoned it as a chief triangular, which is the closest blazon to what is depicted, though the emblazon is not registerable as such.

ATENVELDT

Cáelinn ingen Chatháin. Device. Or, two axes crossed in saltire and on a point pointed vert a rapier inverted Or.

This device is returned because the emblazon blurs the distinction between a per chevron field and a point pointed. Blazoned as a point pointed, it is emblazoned as the lower quarter of a per saltire field, not truly per chevron but too close to per chevron to be considered a point pointed.

Jakob inn rammi. Device. Gules, a sword argent, winged Or.

This device is returned for conflict with the device of Brand Armand of Lancaster, Gules, a winged sword Or. There is a CD for the change of tincture of the sword, but no other CD.

It is also a conflict with the device of Michael MacPherson, Gules, a sword argent between in fess two wings displayed and in chief two escallops inverted Or between two more argent. There is a single CD for removing the escallops, but nothing for the lack of conjoining of the primary charges.

Ketiley dreki tunga. Device. Gules, two five-toed Imperial dragons combatant and an increscent bendwise sinister argent.

Blazoned on the Letter of Intent as wingless dragons, commenters were unable to recognize the type of the charges solely from their appearance. Therefore, this device is returned for violating section VII.7.a of the Rules for Submissions, which say that "Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance".

On resubmission, the submitter should take care to avoid using the five-toed Imperial dragon, which cannot be used in SCA armory.

ATLANTIA

None.

CAID

Atia Alexandri uxor. Device. Argent, a tree blasted within a bordure embattled azure.

This device is returned for conflict with the device of Derryc O'Shaunessey, Argent, a tree issuant from a base engrailed azure. There is a CD for the change of type of the secondary charge, from base engrailed to bordure embattled, but no CD is granted for blasting, nor for having the tree issuant from the base.

The device is also a conflict with the device of Morberie of Tor Denly, Argent, a Crequier plant azure. There is a CD for the addition of the bordure, but a crequier is an artistic stylization of a rounded-shape tree, and we do not grant difference for blasting.

Fearghus Cochrane. Badge. (Fieldless) An anchor Or timbered of a wooden stock proper surmounted by a winged escutcheon Or.

While we do not protect specific modern military insignia, commenters were unanimous in their opinion that this submission is overly allusive to modern military insignia in general and is not medieval heraldry. Therefore, this badge is returned for violating section VII.4 of the Rules for Submissions, which says that "Armory may not use obtrusively modern designs."

Gisela von Grimme. Device. Argent, on a cross quarter pierced sable four eagles Or.

This submission could also be blazoned as Checky argent and sable, four eagles in cross Or. Under that interpretation, this device is in conflict with the device of Günther Klör of the Citadel of the Southern Pass, Quarterly sable and gules, four eagles displayed, wings inverted, Or, with a single CD for the change to the field. Gisela's eagles cannot be arranged in saltire, as that would put them mostly on the argent portion of the field, so that move is considered forced and not worth a CD.

This device is also a conflict with the arms of Austria, Ancient or Lower (important non-SCA arms), Azure, five eagles displayed two, two, and one Or. There is a CD for the field. There is not a CD for the difference between five and four charges. Three of the eagles are in the same position in both devices, so there is not a CD for the change of arrangement.

Iðun College. Branch device. Argent, two rabbits salient respectant sable and on a chief gules an apple between two laurel wreaths Or.

The provided petition is not valid for this submission, since it shows the emblazon Argent, two rabbits salient respectant sable maintaining a laurel wreath and on a chief an apple (it is in black and white, which is why the tinctures are not listed). In the absence of a valid petition, this device is returned.

Moire Cochrane. Name.

This name conflicts with the registered Mor Cochrane. The bynames are identical, and the given name Moire is recorded in the 16th century by Englishmen as an attempt to represent the Gaelic Mor. Thus, they must be identical in sound, even if today we would expect them to be different.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Moire of Lyondemere.

Seraphina de Arlotto. Device. Per saltire azure and purpure, a wolf passant between three pairs of needles in saltire threaded argent.

This device is returned because the secondary charges are not identifiable. Both commenters and those at the meeting were unable to identify the charges as pairs of threaded needles in saltire. Therefore, the device is in violation of section VIII.3 of the Rules for Submissions, which requires that items be "used in a design so as to preserve their individual identifiability."

On resubmission, please instruct the submitter that the portions of the field blazoned as azure need to be unmistakably azure. The tincture used on the forms blurs the distinction between azure and purpure, which is also sufficient reason for return.

CALONTIR

None.

DRACHENWALD

Ludewic Nilsson. Device. Quarterly Or and azure, a portcullis chained quarterly sable and argent.

This device is returned for conflict with the badge of the Parliament of England, (Tinctureless) A portcullis (sometimes crowned), which we protected in October 2010. There is a CD for comparing a tinctureless and a tinctured design. Unfortunately, any other CD must come from a change other than tincture, and there are no other changes.

EAST

Barbara de Vries. Device. Gules, a bend between three steins and a domestic cat dormant, on a chief argent a threaded top-weighted drop spindle between two clews of yarn gules.

This device is returned because commenters were unable to identify the charge on the chief as a top-weighted drop spindle. Many commenters thought it was a cup-hilted rapier inverted. Therefore, the submitted depiction is in violation of section VII7.a of the Rules for Submissions, which says that "Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance."

Ceara inghean Chuarta. Name.

The construction of the byname has a serious flaw: it is based on the assumption that all the family names in Woulfe can be used to construct literal bynames. While the byname/family name citations in Woulfe can often be used to construct literal bynames, this is not always true. The period Anglicized forms in Woulfe are generally inherited family names rather than literal bynames. But literal bynames must be based on either given names or bynames of a style that have been documented in use in similar structures. Otherwise, these names can only be documented as family names. Cuarta is such a name; Woulfe says that it is "not improbably a corruption of Mac Mhuircheartaigh," which means that it is not a given name or a byname type used to create literal bynames. Therefore, it can only be registered as a byname based on a family name.

Family names in Gaelic are used in an unmodified form for men. Therefore, a masculine form can generally be constructed by using the Gaelic form given in Woulfe as a header form (assuming that the name is documented to period). However, the Gaelic forms in Woulfe are modern. A few Gaelic forms from Woulfe have been demonstrated to be unlikely before 1600; they are not registerable.

Women used bynames putting them after inghean 'daughter of.' So the correct form of this byname for a woman would be inghean Mhic Cuarta 'daugher of the Mac Cuarta family.' Similarly, a feminine form of O Duinn would be inghean Ui Duinn. We would make that change and register this as Ceara inghean Mhic Cuarta, but the submitter does not allow major changes, like the addition of a word.

Her device was registered under the holding name Ceara of Hartshorn-dale.

Decimus Iulius Crassianus Macedonicus. Device. Per fess gyronny of eight traits issuant from the line of division Or and gules, and sable, a demi-roundel issuant from the line of division sable and a scorpion Or.

This device is returned for violating section VII.7.b of the Rules for Submissions, which requires that "Any element used in Society armory must be describable in standard heraldic terms so that a competent heraldic artist can reproduce the armory solely from the blazon." The above is the best blazon we could come up with, but we are not confident that even this blazon would cause a competent heraldic artist to accurately reproduce the emblazon.

On resubmission, should the submitter wish to use a gyronny field issuant from a per fess line of division, he should document the practice to period. Commenters were entirely unable to find documentation for this practice. Lacking such evidence, a gyronny field issuant from a per fess line of division is not registerable.

Edward Talbot. Device. Azure, a wolf rampant between two axes palewise heads facing center, all within a bordure argent.

The Letter of Intent asked if the central charges in this device were co-primary or a primary charge between two secondary charges. Under current standards, the axes are co-primary charges with the wolf, since the longest dimension of the axes are comparable in length with the wolf. Therefore, this device conflicts with the device of Christian Blood, Azure, a double-bitted axe and a bordure argent. There is a CD for the change of number of the primary charges, but that is the only CD.

Gunnv{o,}r hausakljúfr. Device. Gules, three cats courant in annulo contourny argent.

This device is returned for conflict with the device of Elspet NicDhubhghlaise bean Iain MhicThomaidh, Azure, three domestic cats statant guardant in annulo argent, each biting the tail of the previous, reblazoned elsewhere in this letter. There is a single CD for the field. There would normally be a CD for the difference between statant and courant. However, the feet of Elspet's cats are nearly nonexistent and in this arrangement the tails mimic the appearance of stretched out legs. No difference is granted for the orientation of charges in annulo.

Gynter Eiriksson. Device. Argent, between two pallets azure a sword sable all between in chief two Maltese crosses, one per pale azure and argent and the other per pale argent and azure.

Blazoned on the Letter of Intent as Paly of five argent and azure, this device actually depicts an argent field with two azure pallets, over which the crosses are counterchanged. Precedent says: "by longstanding policy, the College disallows complex charges counterchanged over other charges" [Grethfurth Wulfstan, May 1993, R-Atlantia] Therefore, this device is returned for counterchanging a complex charge over an ordinary.

This device is also returned for violating Section VII.7.b of the Rules for Submissions, "Reconstruction requirement", which says that "Elements that cannot be described in such a way that the depiction of the armory will remain consistent may not be used, even if they are identifiable design motifs that were used before 1600." This rule has repeatedly been interpreted to mean that the need for careful placement in order to properly reproduce the emblazon, such as the exact alignment of the per pale line on the crosses with the outer edge of the pales in this submission, is not allowed.

Hachille the Harlequin. Transfer of device to Lorcan Dracontius. Argent, a pale lozengy argent and azure between a mask of comedy and a mask of tragedy azure.

Please see the discussion under Lorcan for the reasons for return.

Jamys O Donill. Name.

Unfortunately, this name conflicts with the registered Seamus Ó Domhnaill. While the names are different in appearance, they are pronounced nearly identically, with the initial sound of the given name the most significant difference.

His device was registered under the holding name Jamys of Ruantallan.

Lorcan Dracontius. Acceptance of badge transfer from Hachille the Harlequin. Argent, a pale lozengy argent and azure between a mask of comedy and a mask of tragedy azure.

While we sympathize with the submitter and dislike the circumstances which lead to this situation, this transfer is returned because the submitter did not meet our standards on posthumous transfers of armory without a heraldic will. The submitter is not the recognized legal heir of Hachille, has no permission from the legal heir, and a heraldic will was not filed. While the submitter did show that there was concurrent estate for some jointly-owned property, joint ownership and concurrent estate is a legal, contractual issue which specifically modifies inheritance from the default. Our current standard on heraldic inheritance is what is known as a 'bright line' standard in the legal world: anyone can easily recognize that the criteria have been met. We wish to keep a bright-line standard for posthumous transfers, even if it causes issues in a few cases. A properly filed will, heraldic or real-world, is the proper solution for cases such as this.

Sarra Daykin. Device. Gules, on a sun between six roses slipped and leaved in annulo Or, a lion contourny gules.

This device is returned for conflict with the badge of the Royal University of Ithra, Gules, on a sun Or eclipsed gules, an Arabian lamp flammant Or. Eclipsing of suns, in the SCA, is considered a tertiary charge. There is a single CD for the addition of the secondary charge group, but no difference is granted for the change of only the type of the single charge on the sun, nor do we grant difference for quaternary charges (the lamp).

While the Cover Letter to the June 2004 LoAR limited the case in which conflicts will be called under unregisterable alternate blazons, this device does conflict because it is the old device with the unregisterable alternate blazon.

Violante da Rocha. Name.

This name conflicts with the registered Violante de Rojas. While the names are different in appearance, the only difference in sound is the sound of the two final consonant groups. In late period, the pronunciation of Rojas is \ROH-shahs\, while the pronunciation of Rocha is \ROE-chah\. These pronunciations are not different enough to be registered.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Violante of Settmour Swamp.

GLEANN ABHANN

None.

LOCHAC

Aachenfeld, Canton of. Branch name.

This branch name was an appeal of a previous Laurel-level return.

The submitters demonstrated several facts about the construction of names in German, but none support the addition of -feld to an existing placename. They demonstrated that some elements were used both to create monothemic names (like Bern and Muhl) and as the first element in dithemic names (like Berndorf and Muhlbach). But this pattern does not demonstrate that all placenames may be treated in that way. We would need evidence of Aachen- with other deuterothemes attached in order to accept this argument.

The submitters assert that aach is a variant of the attested -bach, but present no examples that support their argument.

There is a modern place, Aachtopf, which could, if period examples were found, support A(a)ch- as an element, but that example would support a constructed Aachfeld, not Aachenfeld.

Unfortunately, the submitters have not made a case that Aachenfeld, as opposed to something like Aichenfeld (suggested in the previous return), can be registered. Therefore we are forced to return this submission again.

MERIDIES

Adela la Rouse. Device. Per bend vert and azure, a bend between a horse passant and in bend three fleurs-de-lys Or.

This device is returned for violating our ban on using three or more gold fleurs-de-lys on a blue field, protected as a symbol of the French monarchy.

Gabrielia Martina Ranew. Device. Per pale purpure and argent, a rose barbed and seeded sable and two butterflies one and two counterchanged.

This device is returned because the parts of the emblazon which are blazoned as being purpure on the Letter of Intent appear to have color-shifted since they were printed. They have acquired a reddish tint, and it is not possible to tell if they are intended to be a very red purpure or a blue-tinted shade of gules.

This device could also have been returned for violation of our ban on computer-colorized emblazons being used on OSCAR. The initial image supplied for the colored emblazon was very pink. The replacement is much more purpure, but traces of the original pink can be seen in the enlarged version. Computer-colorized emblazons were banned on the May 2008 Cover Letter.

Sedracas, Canton of. Device. Per fess argent and azure, a hippocampus sable within a laurel wreath counterchanged.

This device was withdrawn by the submitters.

Sukayna bint Amat al-Baari. Device. Checky purpure and argent, on a pale sable a Buddhist endless knot and a lotus blossom in profile argent.

The Buddhist endless knot is not a period charge, nor has it been shown to be a period artistic motif, so it can not be registered. The submitter may wish to know that the mascle knot, which was the stated preferred charge, is currently registerable with only a single step from period practice.

MIDDLE

Brigita Gescheid. Device. Quarterly purpure and argent, two mullets of twelve points Or.

This device is returned for conflict with the device of Golda ferch Deiniol, Per chevron vert and Or, two suns in their splendour Or. There is a CD for the change to the field, but the position of the suns in Golda's device is forced and, therefore, there is no CD for the change of arrangement. Since we grant no CD for the difference between suns and mullets of seven or more points (historically referred to as 'multi-pointed'), there are no other CDs.

This device is also returned for conflict with the device of Valeria Valkenaer, Per pale gules and sable, in chief two suns Or. There is a CD for the change of tincture of the field, but since Brigita's suns could not both be placed in chief because of their tinctures, the change in position is considered forced and not worth a CD.

Gunnar Alfljotr. Name and device. Per saltire sable and azure, a saltire and in chief a mullet of eight points voided and interlaced argent.

This submission has two elements, both documented as Old Norse given names. As there is no evidence for two given names in Old Norse, nor for unmarked patronymic bynames in Old Norse, this name cannot be registered as submitted. We would change the second name to a patronymic byname as Alfjotson, but this is a major change, which the submitter does not allow.

Additionally, the documentation supports the spelling Gunnarr, rather than the submitted form.

This device is returned for violating section VIII.3 of the Rules for Submissions, which says "voiding and fimbriation may only be used with simple geometric charges placed in the center of the design." The mullet of eight points is a secondary charge which, by definition, is not placed in the center of the design.

Lazarus Jacob Hase. Device. Vert, a point pointed and a chief Or.

This device is returned for conflict with Libya, Vert. The chief and point are considered to be peripheral ordinaries in the same group, meaning that there is a single CD for the addition of the peripheral group. Section X.1 of the Rules for Submissions is not applicable here because neither armory being compared has a primary charge.

Rydderch ap Morgan. Badge. (Fieldless) On a bezant a lozenge sable throughout and a bordure vert.

We can do no better than to quote the previous return of this badge:

Submitted as (Fieldless) On a bezant a lozenge sable throughout and a bordure vert, by precedent, "we do not register fieldless badges which appear to be independent forms of armorial display. Charges such as lozenges, billets, and roundels are all both standard heraldic charges and "shield shapes" for armorial display." [LoAR January 1998]. This is also sufficient grounds for return. [Rydderch ap Morgan, February 2009, R-Middle]

This paragraph of the return was omitted from the summary in the Letter of Intent, and this problem was not fixed in this resubmission. Submissions heralds should fully summarize previous histories when resubmissions are made, so that commenters can address whether or not all the problems were fixed.

Tasmach Yehuda al-Khazar. Name change from Shlomo Korobenik.

Commenters found evidence that Khazars used both Biblical names and Turkic names, as well as that some people were identified in different contexts by a Biblical name and a Turkic name. However, no evidence was found that both names would be used together as a double given name. Barring such evidence, a double given name cannot be registered. We would drop one name or make the second name a patronym (ben Yehuda) in order to register the name, but the submitter allows no changes.

Thorfinn Davidsson. Device. Sable, a mask of comedy argent, on a chief gules two wings displayed argent.

This device is returned for violating section VIII.2.b.I of the Rules for Submissions, Armorial Contrast. The gules chief is placed on a sable field, which is not good contrast.

Uilliam MacAoidh. Name.

This name conflicts with the registered William MacKay. While the bynames are different in appearance, they are essentially identical in pronunciation (indeed, MacKay is an Anglicized form of mac Aoidh).

His device has been registered under the holding name Uilliam of Flaming Gryphon.

Vincent L'Austere. Device. Azure chaussé ployé argent, overall a set of dividers Or.

The device is in conflict with the badge for Northshield's Award of the Compass, (Fieldless) A pair of compasses Or. There is a single CD for the difference between a fielded and a fieldless design, but no CD between a pair of dividers and a pair of compasses.

The device also has a style problem in that it has the charge placed over the lower portions of the chaussé ployé field. Precedent says:

...the SCA has not for many years allowed the chaussé ployé field to have charges placed on the lower portion of the field... [Arwenna of Kelsley, September 2003, A-Middle]

Since the arms of the dividers lie on the lower portions of the field, this device must be returned.

Ze'ev ben Ami. Name change from Yosef ben Ami.

A previous submission by this submitter was changed (on the June 2003 Letter of Acceptances and Returns), saying:

Therefore, the only evidence we have of the use of Ze'ev in period is the cited example of it in the compound given name Benjamin Ze'ev which derives from a specific Biblical reference. (In a similar manner, the name Jean Baptiste derived from the Biblical reference to John the Baptist. Baptiste was not originally used as a given name on its own and would not have made sense when used in combination with a different given name at that time.) Lacking evidence that Ze'ev would have been used as a given name or byname on its own in period, or that it would have been used in a compound given name other than the cited Benjamin Ze'ev, the submitted combination Yosef Ze'ev is not registerable.

Commenters again pointed out that the element Ze'ev was documented only in compound names. Juetta Copin said: "Beider writes (s.n. Zev) 'In Jewish documents Zev is either followed by Volf, or it follows Benjamin...'"

This submission did not provide evidence that would lead us to change this ruling. Ze'ev is only registerable in one of the combinations documented in period. Barring evidence of usage of Ze'ev as a standalone given name in period, it is not registerable as such.

NORTHSHIELD

None.

OUTLANDS

None.

WEST

None.

- Explicit littera renuntiationum -


THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN PENDED UNTIL THE June 2011 LAUREL MEETING (OR AS NOTED):

AN TIR

Richenda du Jardin. Badge. Per pale bendy sinister azure, Or and argent and bendy Or, argent and azure, a bordure compony argent, azure and Or.

Commenters asked if this device could be considered marshaled armory. The use of a low-contrast bordure removes the appearance of marshaling, by precedent:

The only case in which a bordure may remove the appearance of impalement from armory which would otherwise appear to be impaled is if the bordure is a solid tincture and if it has poor contrast with one half of the field. [Pegge Leg the Merchant, March 2002, A-An Tir]

However, this bordure is not a solid tincture; it is a consistent tincture all the way around the field and has low contrast with the entire field. Please discuss whether or not we should extend the allowance for low-contrast bordures to cover this case, and whether or not it should be allowed in this case.

The submitter was attempting to fulfill the requirements for a documented exception for Italian armory, and proved every variance to the Rules for Submissions except that a low-contrast bordure was typical in Italian armory. She provided two examples of bordures that have low contrast with the field: the one that the submission was based off of, and a bordure "denticulata triangular" (it is not indented, it is a series of conjoined triangles as a bordure) in argent, gules, and either azure or vert on a gules field. However, bordures seem to be rare in Italian armory. Looking for examples of other peripheral ordinaries which have low contrast with the field, we find the following examples of chiefs which have low or no contrast with the field in the Stemmario Trivulziano:

Based on the plethora of examples of low-contrast peripheral ordinaries in Italian armory, we will register this device with a low-contrast bordure if it is deemed to not give the appearance of marshaling.

The original submission can be seen at http://oscar.sca.org/index.php?action=145&id=15078.

This was item 19 on the An Tir letter of October 29, 2010.

CAID

Chiara Nicolosa di Battaglia. Name and device. Quarterly gules semy-de-lys Or and sable, a dragon passant within an orle Or.

This is pended to discuss the prepositions suitable for use in Italian locative bynames. Current precedent holds that in Italian, da is used in locative bynames, while di is used only in contexts that are a claim to rank. This standard clearly describes the dominant usage in Tuscany (whose dialect would become modern Italian). However, the same is not true in southern Italy; Maridonna Benvenuti has presented evidence for locative bynames formed using di in Palermo, including Ysmiralda di Missina, Simuna di Majorca, Marina di Nasu, Caterina di Naru, Margarita di Sanctu Stefanu, Margarita di Cusenza, Janna di Salernu, Garita di Rigiu, Caterina di Padua, Caterina di Furmica, Antona di Bova, Antona di Alcamu, and Angila di Girgenti.

There is some suggestive, but not clear, evidence for the occasional use of di in locative bynames in central and northern Italy outside of Tuscany. Talan Gwynek's "15th Century Italian Men's Names" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/docs/italian15m.html) gives a byname di Zirondi from Ferrara that is most likely locative in origin (from French Gironde). Yehoshua ben Haim haYerushalmi's "A sample of Jewish names in Milan 1540-1570" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/yehoshua/milan_names.html) gives a Mosè di Paderno, which again is mostly likely locative in origin.

We ask commenters to review these examples and other data regarding the use of the preposition di in locative bynames used in different parts of Italy during our period to determine under what circumstances we should allow its use. At the moment, precedent does not really distinguish among the various languages spoken in Italy; therefore, any proposal to allow the use of di in locative byanmes only for some parts of Italy must address how to usefully distinguish those forms for which we would allow it from those for which we would not.

Chiara does not allow the creation of a holding name. We ask that commenters re-conflict check this device against registrations that have occurred since it was submitted.

This was item 5 on the Caid letter of October 5, 2010.

Eiríkr Mjoksiglandi Sigurðarson. Badge. Gules, a cross and in dexter chief an estoile of eight rays Or.

This is pended to discuss whether or not we should protect a variant of the arms of the Emperor of Constantinople, which appear in The Fitzwilliam Roll, circa 1530 as Gules, a cross Or, according to Humphrey-Smith's Anglo-Norman Armory Two

We note that Humphrey-Smith states that Walford's Roll, c1275, lists the arms of the Emperor as Gules crusilly, a cross between four annulets or.

We currently protect the following:

This was item 9 on the Caid letter of October 5, 2010.

Giovanni di Battaglia. Name and device. Quarterly gules and pean, in bend two griffins segreant Or and a bordure erminois.

This is pended to discuss the prepositions suitable for use in Italian locative bynames. Current precedent holds that in Italian, da is used in locative bynames, while di is used only in contexts that are a claim to rank. This standard clearly describes the dominant usage in Tuscany (whose dialect would become modern Italian). However, the same is not true in southern Italy; Maridonna Benvenuti has presented evidence for locative bynames formed using di in Palermo, including Ysmiralda di Missina, Simuna di Majorca, Marina di Nasu, Caterina di Naru, Margarita di Sanctu Stefanu, Margarita di Cusenza, Janna di Salernu, Garita di Rigiu, Caterina di Padua, Caterina di Furmica, Antona di Bova, Antona di Alcamu, and Angila di Girgenti.

There is some suggestive, but not clear, evidence for the occasional use of di in locative bynames in central and northern Italy outside of Tuscany. Talan Gwynek's "15th Century Italian Men's Names" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/docs/italian15m.html) gives a byname di Zirondi from Ferrara that is most likely locative in origin (from French Gironde). Yehoshua ben Haim haYerushalmi's "A sample of Jewish names in Milan 1540-1570" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/yehoshua/milan_names.html) gives a Mosè di Paderno, which again is mostly likely locative in origin.

We ask commenters to review these examples and other data regarding the use of the preposition di in locative bynames used in different parts of Italy during our period to determine under what circumstances we should allow its use. At the moment, precedent does not really distinguish among the various languages spoken in Italy; therefore, any proposal to allow the use of di in locative byanmes only for some parts of Italy must address how to usefully distinguish those forms for which we would allow it from those for which we would not.

This device is pended because the client will not allow us to form a holding name.

There was some question of whether or not this device breaks our prohibition on marshaling. It does not. There is exactly one type of charge on the central area of the field: griffins. Section X.4.a.ii.b of the Rules for Submissions says that "The ermine furs and their variants are considered to be different tinctures".

This was item 14 on the Caid letter of October 5, 2010.

EAST

Altani Khatagi. Name.

Commentary suggested that the byname Khatagi is unique, used only by the founder of the Khatagin tribe. This submission is pended to discuss that point further: is this byname unique? Should it be disallowed for registration, as the byname of the founder of a clan (who may be a legendary figure)?

Clearly, the Lingua Anglica of the Khatagin is registerable, as a claim to be a member of the tribe. However, that would be a major change, which the submitter does not allow. We would also be interested in a Mongolian byname with that meaning.

His device has been registered under the holding name Altani of Stonemarche.

This was item 2 on the East letter of October 31, 2010.

MIDDLE

Red Spears, Barony of. Household name Sisterhood of the Spear.

Unfortunately, this household name conflicts with the registered Order of the Spear, registered in October of 2010.

The submitters communicated that they would like the adjective red to be added, making the name Sisterhood of the Red Spear. This is pended to allow commenters to discuss the item in general and in particular whether an item that is so close to the name of the barony (which is the Barony of Red Spears) can be registered.

This household name was to be associated with their registered badge (Fieldless) On a boarspear head gules a rose Or. The association will have to be decided at the time that the name is decided.

This was item 21 on the Middle letter of October 31, 2010.

- Explicit -


Created at 2011-03-10T09:01:16