Submission Returns by Name - Elspeth Anne Roth

Submission Returns by Name

The Tenure of Elsbeth Anne Roth


A’isha bint Asad Ud-Din. Device. Or, a sexfoil within the Arabic words "Kaana Khafi bishshawkihi Jamaaiat-il-Wardata" in annulo gules.

No translation was including for the Arabic words. Without evidence of what the phrase means, this cannot be registered. (06/23/1999)

Aarnimetsä, Barony of. Badge. Argent, on a bend sable three Bowen knots palewise argent.

Conflict with Diego Miguel Munoz de Castilla, Argent, on a bend sable three escallops palewise argent, and George of Berwick, Argent, on a bend sable, three double roses argent, barbed vert. In each case there is only one CD for substantially changing the type of the tertiaries. (09/1999)

Aaron MacGregor. Device. Per bend bendy argent and gules and sable, a sinister hand argent.

Conflict with Kenric Manning, Lozengy azure and Or, a hand argent, registered September, 2000. There is not a CD between a dexter hand and a sinister hand, therefore there is only a single CD for the change to the field. (10/2000)

Abigail Chandler of Caithness. Name.

The documentation was not adequately summarized on the LoI: it is not sufficient to say that a name element is found in a book; we need to know what is said. While the College provided independent evidence for some elements they did not do so for the locative. We therefore have to return this as per the May LoAR cover letter. (03/2001)

Adam Stedefast. Device. Per chevron azure and sable, a phoenix Or rising from flames proper issuant from the line of division and a rose argent.

The flames should not extend along the entire line of division, but should be only under the phoenix's body and slightly beyond. By extending to the edge, the flames appear to be a chevron of flame, which is not allowed. In addition, while not a reason for return, the per chevron line should extend higher onto the field. (07/2000)

Adele Krin of Malagentia. Device. Quarterly, purpure and argent, a cross patee botonny counterchanged.

No documentation was provided that such a cross, which looks like a cross bottony with added flanges, was a reasonable variant of period crosses. (07/1999)

Adele Krin. Device. Quarterly purpure and argent, a cross formy and bottony counterchanged.

We can do no better than quote Brachet:

Looking at the drawing in Foster, it seems to me likely that the blazon is happenstantial and this is just a fancy drawing of a cross bottony. Note that the drawings in Foster are not period drawings, they are 19th C. work by the author.

A bit more research proves confusing. Anglo-Norman Armory II, C. Humphery-Smith, p309 blazons the cross of John Benstede (from the Falkirk Roll) as ... a cross clechy voided and bottony argent (and each convex intersection of the cross clechy has a small trefoil attached!) Brault, in Eight Rolls of Arms, p89, gives the blazon from the Thevet version of the Falkirk Roll as "87. Sir John de Benestede port la croys perce' et patee et botonee d'argent." (There are no emblazons in Brault.) In the notes it says that the tincture of the field is missing in both copies of the roll. Looking at the rest of the roll the blazon is peculiar in several respects, not the least of which is the lack of field. If different authorities in different books have vastly different interpretations, enough to change the recorded blazon in the case of Cecil H-Smith, it seems to me that this is good evidence that this cross is a one-off period weirdness.

The appeal, therefore, is denied. (08/2000)

Adele Krin. Device. Quarterly purpure and argent, a cross formy and botonny counterchanged.

This was returned in the August 2000 LoAR. (11/2000)

Adelheid von Katzenellenbogen. Badge. Gyronny Or and sable, an ermine spot counterchanged.

The counterchanging of the ermine spot rendered it unidentifiable. In general one should avoid counterchanging over a gyronny field. (01/2000)

Adelicia of Caithness. Name.

The documentation was not adequately summarized on the LoI: it is not sufficient to say that a name element is found on a book, we need to know what is said. As the College did not provide independent evidence, we have to return this as per the May LoAR cover letter.

Adella de Tourlaville. Device. Argent, on a nesselblatt azure, a single-headed chess knight argent.

Conflict with Mielikki Kantelensoittajatar, Argent, on a nesselblatt azure a lion rampant contourny Or, foreleg armored and brandishing a sword argent. There is only a single CD for the changes to the charges on the nesselblatt. (07/2001)

Adrian Dragon and Claudia von Lübeck. Joint badge. Argent, a dragon segreant purpure.

The badge has a number of conflicts, including Minimoto Akataro, reblazoned elsewhere in this letter, Argent, a dragon segreant vert maintaining a Latin cross bottony Or, Deirdre McLair, Argent, two dragons combattant purpure, maintaining an arrow inverted vert, and Angelica of Bohemia, Per bend argent and bendy purpure and argent, in chief a dragon courant bendwise purpure. Against Akataro, there a CD for the tincture of the dragon, but nothing for the removal of the maintained charge. Against Deirdre, there is a CD for the number of primary charges, but again nothing for the removal of the maintained charge. Against Angelica, there is a CD for the field, but nothing for the forced change of position on the field, and there is also not a difference between segreant and courant bendwise. (10/2000)

Adriana Kavanaugh. Device. Vert, a chevron ployé between two feathers bendwise sinister and an open scroll argent.

Conflict with Caitlyn Emrys, Vert, a chevron between three peacocks pavonated to base argent, and Harrys Rob of Wamphray, Vert, a chevron between three winged spurs argent. In both cases there is only a single CD for the type of the secondary charges. (04/2000)

Adriana Lynette Noel. Device. Per bend argent and Or, a cross parted and fretted purpure between in bend sinister two penguins respectant proper.

The penguins are unidentifiable. One of the reasons that they are unidentifiable is that they appear to be in a rampant posture; rampant is not an allowable posture for birds. (11/2000)

Adriano Veneziani. Device. Azure goutty d'eau, on an bird facing sinister displayed Or a cross of Cleves sable.

The charge was originally blazoned as a phoenix and reblazoned at Kingdom as an eagle. The actual depiction is neither one nor the other, but is in fact a modern stylized drawing which blurs the two. Thus this violates RfS VIII.4.d, Obtrusive Modernity (Modern Style) as well as RfS VIII.3, Armorial Identifiability. (06/2000)

Adriona Nichole la rousse de Beauvoir. Name and device. Purpure, a schnecke issuant from sinister chief argent charged with a rose gules, slipped and leaved vert, in dexter chief and in base two fleurs-de-lys argent.

Adrion is not in the article cited in the LoI. Further, Nichole is only documented from the 13th century, before double given names appeared. As she does not allow us to drop the first given name we have to return this.

There are two reasons for returning the device. First, on the large emblazon the charge in chief was still closer to a rosebud than a rose. Second, as we know of no period examples of schneckes with secondary or tertiary charges, we find the use of both in this device to be two steps beyond period practice. We may allow secondary or tertiary charges with a schnecke, but we doubt that the use of either is period practice. (11/2000)

Aedh Finn mac Cormaic. Name.

No forms were sent to Laurel. (11/2000)

Ædla æt Fiendwic. Name.

The byname is intended to mean "of Enemy's Camp." The only justification for this byname is a citation from an Anglo-Saxon dictionary, but no evidence was provided to support a place name with this kind of meaning. The College did not provide such evidence either; on the contrary, commenters felt this was not consistent with Anglo-Saxon naming practice. (07/2001)

Áengus Ó Dubhghaill. Name.

This conflicts with Angus MacDougall, registered 6/91. (10/2000)

Aeron Aschennen of Clan MacKenzie. Name change from Anastacia de Maris and device change. Barry bendy azure and argent, a mantyger rampant guardant Or maintaining a roundel azure .

As noted before, Hanks and Hodges is a particularly poor source for period names. According to Metron Ariston, Aeron appears in some sources as the name of a Welsh battle goddess and it is certainly the name of a river in Wales; however, no one has been able to find it as a given name for a human in period. Furthermore, the construction of Clan X has been disallowed since June 1998. As the submitter does not allow major changes we have to return this.

The primary charge is a misdrawn mantyger. A mantyger has a human head, while this is a lion's head with a human face. Therefore, it conflicts with Belgium, Sable, a lion rampant Or , and various others of the form <Field>, a lion rampant Or . (05/2000)

Æthelmearc, Kingdom of. Order name Order of the Caltrop.

The name conflicts with Caltrop Pursuivant, which is registered to the Kingdom of Calontir. Æthelmearc has a letter to conflict from the King and Queen of Calontir. However, current practice allows someone owning Order of the X to use X Pursuivant and vice versa. Therefore two such items are effectively identical. Since we cannot register two identical items even with permission, the order name must be returned. (10/1999)

Æthelmearc, Kingdom of. Order name The Order of the Grand Caltrop.

Withdrawn by the submitting kingdom. (11/2000)

Agnes van Kouwenhoven. Name.

The byname was dated to 1652, which is beyond our gray area. While van Berkel and Samplonius, Nederlandse plaatsnamen, mention the place name Coudenhove in 1585, the submitter requested an authentic German name, more specifically one from Saxony. We are therefore reluctant to give her a Dutch one. (07/2000)

Aidan of Aran. Device. Per bend sinister argent and sable, a bird displayed and a pig statant, a bordure counterchanged.

This is returned for a redraw. As drawn, neither the pig nor the martlet was identifiable as such. In addition, please instruct the submitter to draw the bordure wider in future submissions. (01/2001)

Ailionora Caointiarn. Name.

Ailionora and Caointiarn are both Irish feminine given names. We know of no examples of Irish names consisting of two given names. Nor can we make the second name a metronymic. There is no evidence that metronymics were used in Ireland; the only examples found involved genealogies of royalty whose claim to royalty involved descent through the female line. We recommend that Ailionora choose a name for her father and form a name from that.

Her armory was registered under the name Ailionora of Tir Ysgithr. (02/2000)

Aindrea Gille Eoghainn. Device. Sable, a reremouse dormant dependent from an annulet argent.

The bat was not dormant, but was rather in its natural sleeping posture. We know of no examples of this posture in period heraldic depictions of bats, and for good reason: this posture eliminates any identifiable aspects of the bat. Therefore the device violates VIII.4.c, Natural Depiction: ... Excessively natural designs include those that depict animate objects in unheraldic postures ... and VIII.3, Armorial Identifiability. (08/2000)

Aislynn Crystyn. Badge. (Fieldless) A card-pique inverted Or.

Conflict with the badge for the Gilded Leaf of Caerthe (Barony of Caerthe), Sable, an aspen leaf inverted Or. There is no difference between an aspen leaf and a card pique inverted, as there is no evidence that the charges were considered different in period (in particular, there is no evidence that the aspen leaf was used as a charge in period), and visually the two charges are almost identical. Therefore, there is only 1 CD for fieldlessness. This is clear of Constance le Royer de la Tour, Azure, a tower argent issuant from a heart Or, because the tower and the heart are clearly co-primaries. (06/2000)

Aislynn the Wanderer. Device. Per pale purpure and sable, a dragonfly Or.

Conflict with Maol Anna de Chassant, Per fess sable and gules, a dragonfly Or. There is only one CD for the changes to the field. (09/2000)

Akilli Asian Sarolta. Name change from holding name Sarolta of Tir Ysgithr.

This name has several problems. First, Hurrem/Roxelana, cited in the submission, was known by her original Russian name only to the West; to Turks, she was known by the Turkish harem name. Combining the two names seems to be restricted to modern history books.

Second, an epithet is not acceptable simply because a native speaker says so; modern-day people do not normally have that kind of knowledge about period naming practices. Third, Sarolta is incompatible with the rest of the name: it is only known from 10th century Hungary, and by the time of the Turkish invasion, pagan-era Hungarian female names had already disappeared. (07/2000)

Alail Horsefriend. Device change. Vert, a horse rampant contourny argent crined Or.

Conflict with Mary Felix the Fool, Vert, two zebras combattant argent, striped sable. By precedent "there is...nothing for the stripes on the zebra. (Elsbeth Anne Roth, LoAR March 2000, p 12), so there is only a single CD for number of primary charges. (03/2001)

Alatheia Fenwick Campbell. Device. Quarterly vert and sable, a sun in splendour argent.

The device has multiple conflicts, including Aelfwine Denedom, Quarterly vert and sable, a mullet of four points throughout argent. There is a CD for changing the type of the primary charge, but a sun and a mullet (of any number of points) are not substantially different; therefore we cannot call the two devices clear by RfS X.2 Difference of Primary Charge. (06/2001)

Alatheia the Harper. Device. Per bend sinister Or and sable, two winged harps counterchanged.

In general, winged objects should have a pair of wings which are of equivalent size to the main charge. There is only one wing on each of these harps, and the wing is far too small and badly formed. While the use of a single wing may be acceptable, the combination of a single wing and an unusually small one is not. It is also likely that the size itself would be cause for return. (06/2000)

Aleksandr the Traveller. Device change. Per pale vert and Or.

Conflict with Ædric the Grene, Per pale sable and vert. Rfs X.4.a.ii.b, Complete Change of Tincture, requires that the two pieces of armory share no tincture in common. Therefore there is only a single difference for changing half the field. (06/2001)

Aleksandra von Drachenklaue. Name.

Mixing Russian and German, while not very plausible, is registerable under our rules. The byname was documented from a web site titled Magische Welt Ija Marcar, under Der dritte interaktive Netzroman. That is, "The Magical World Ija Marcar", "The Third Interactive Net Novel". While fantasy novels are not acceptable as documentation, a case was made for the byname as a hypothetical constructed locative as well. However, no forms were sent to Laurel, so we have to return the name. (11/2000)

Alexander le Browere. Device. Per pale sable and vert, a serpent involved in annulo Or.

The device conflicts with Vladimir Vitalieich Volkov, Per pale argent ermined purpure and purpure an annulet Or. There is one CD for the field but nothing for involved serpent vs. annulet. (07/1999)

Alexandra de la Mer Verte. Badge. (Fieldless) A griffin segreant maintaining a sword vert.

Conflict with the badge for Margaret Holmwood (Étaín Dhomhnullach), A gryphon segreant, its dexter forepaw gauntleted and maintaining a sprig of three holly leaves vert, fructed gules. There is no difference for the maintained charges, thus only a single CD for fieldlessness. (02/2000)

Alexandria nic Alleyn. Name.

Of the Scots variants of Alan, the -eyn spellings are all in French constructions and thus not be appropriate in a Gaelic byname construction. As she does not allow us to make spelling corrections we have to return this. Either Alexandria nic Allayn or Alexandria Alleyn would be possible. The submission was made on forms dated A.S. XXV. Please note that all submissions should by now be on the new ones.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Alexandria of Calontir. (06/2000)

Alianore de Harcourt. Device. Or semy of gillyflowers gules seeded Or, on a pile invected azure a unicorn rampant argent.

The device has two problems, requiring that it be returned for redrawing. First, the flowers are unidentifiable as to type; gillyflowers are identified by their "pinked" edges, which are not visible in this device. Second, the unicorn had some identifiability issues; it had no beard and the type of hooves was hard to discern. (06/2001)

Alicia d'Avignon. Name change from Alicia of Greyhill.

This name conflicts with that of Alix d'Avignon, registered in July of 1985. (07/2000)

Alina Marie de Valenciennes. Device. Per bend gules and sable, a bend between a sun in his splendour and a lion’s head cabossed Or.

Conflict with Christopher of Lions' Nest, Per bend gules and sable, a bend between a winged lion passant guardant to sinister and a raffia-covered wine bottle Or. There is only a single CD for the change of type of the secondary charges. (04/2000)

Alisandre Oliphant. Badge. (Fieldless) A rose purpure barbed and seeded proper .

Conflict with Alyanora of Vinca, Argent a periwinkle (vinca minor) proper . Periwinkles are bluish purple and by current precedent (see the September 1996 LoAR, pg. 17, s.n. Rosalyn MacGregor) they are not significantly different from either blue or purple roses. (05/2000)

Almaith ingen Chormaic. Household name House of the Golden Hunter.

No documentation was provided as to why this would be a period inn name construction. (05/2000)

Al-Mufassir Ibrahim ibn Abi Cali Mahmud Al-Fatimi. Name.

Submitted on the LoI in this form, Cali seems to be a misreading of ‘Ali. Even so, the documentation of this name had several problems, and while none of them would in itself be grounds for return, the combination is not registerable.

Using the kunya of one’s father as a part of the name, such as Abi ‘Ali here, seems to have been rare enough to be considered a weirdness, at least when followed by father’s ‘ism, in this case Mahmud.

Mahmud itself is a Turkish form of Muhammad, unattested in an Arabic context. While registerable as a part of an Arabic name it is also a weirdness.

Finally, al-Mufassir is essentially an occupational byname. As such it should normally appear either as the final element or right before the final element. Its position at the beginning of the name is a weirdness as well.

The first weirdness would be corrected by dropping either abi ‘Ali or Mahmud, the second by changing Mahmud to Muhammad and the third by moving al-Mufassir to the end of the name. As the submitter requested an authentic name we would have changed the name to Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Fatimi al-Mufassir (note that al- is not capitalised), although the name would have been registerable after correcting only two of the three problems. However, as the submitter does not allow major changes we cannot drop name elements or change their languages; therefore we cannot correct the first two weirdnesses but must return the name instead. (06/2001)

Alroth Himmel von Arkesleve. Name and Device. Argent, a chevron sable between two mermaids each maintaining a sword and a crescent azure.

Each of the name elements is documented as a place name. Since there is no given name, we have to return this. As he does not allow the creation of a holding name, the armory must be returned as well.

The device originally blazoned the mermaids as respectant, but that implies that their bodies are in profile as well. There is no way to indicate in the blazon that the tails are symmetrical; the direction of the tail is normally artistic license and not blazoned. (07/2001)

Althea ni Cullogh. Name change from Alatheia McCullaugh.

No documentation was provided for the given name. We would have changed it to a similar-sounding name dated in Withycombe’s The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names to 1606. Since she requested an authentic name we would have changed the byname to a wholly Anglicized form as well. These changes, however, would have resulted in her currently registered name. (02/2001)

Alycie Stirling. Device. Gules, a ferret statant argent.

Conflict with Rima of Rockridge, Gules, an ermine statant guardant proper, with no CD's for tincture (ermines are primarily white) or the position of the head. The device is also in conflict with the badge for Brittany, An ermine passant argent marked sable. There is only a CD for fieldlessness. (04/2000)

Alys Wallas. Device. Vert, on a bend Or a ferret statant embowed sable.

Conflict with David of Moorland, Vert, on a bend Or three Moor's heads couped sable. There is only one CD for the changes to the tertiaries. (06/2000)

An Gearasdan Òir, Stronghold of. Branch name and device. Per pale vert and azure, in pale a laurel wreath argent and two daffodils slipped in saltire, a chief embattled Or.

Gearasdan "garrison" appears to be a loan word from English. The College found only one instance of this word in 1598, but there is no evidence that it was used in period place names and some doubt as to whether the word itself was used at that time to refer to a physical structure. The most typical way to say what the submitters want would be Dun an Óir, but unfortunately there is already a Barony of Dun Or.

The submitters might consider either caiseal or ráth, both meaning "ring fort"; either Caiseal na Óir or Ráth na Óir would be reasonable place names with a meaning very close to that desired.

As we cannot form holding names for groups, the armory must be returned as well. (07/2001)

An Tir, Kingdom of. Badge. Sable, a maunch argent within a bordure countercompony Or and argent.

The device violates Rule RfS VIII.2.b, Contrast Requirements, with a bordure divided into multiple parts of two metals. The kingdom asked that this be registered under the Grandfather Clause (RfS VII.8), given that their device plus a number of their badges has a field checky Or and argent, and furthermore they have one badge with a checky charge, On a heart checky Or and argent, a rose slipped and leaved sable. RfS VII.8, however, indicates that the extension of motifs used in already registered armory is very limited: Only the actual armorial element from the originally registered submission may be covered by this permission. For example, if an individual had registered armory containing a fimbriated lion many years ago, only that fimbriated lion would be covered under this rule, not fimbriated wolves, eagles, or lions in other postures. This means that the kingdom can registered fields and hearts checky Or and argent, but not general charges. Furthermore, the allowance only applies to checky, not other multiply divided fields. While countercompony is similar to checky, it is not the same field division. (10/2000)

Anastasia Gutane. Device. Purpure, a chevron inverted ermine between three weasels couchant guardant argent.

"The chevron [inverted] should not intersect the corners of the chief" (Baldwin of Erebor, LoAR 7 July 1986, p. 6). The device needs to be redrawn with the ordinary issuing from the sides of the shield. (10/1999)

Anastasia of Whispering Oaks. Name.

This was an appeal of the October 1999 registration of Anastasia of the Oaks. The submitter argues that since there have been five registrations of bynames of the form of [the] Whispering X the construction should be considered SCA compatible.

Unfortunately for the submitter, none of these earlier registrations are of [the] Whispering Oaks. They also are all at least seven years old. Given these considerations, we would require a substantially larger number of prior registrations. (06/2001)

Anastasiia Novgorodskaia. Device. Per chevron wavy sable and azure, a decrescent, an increscent, and a sea-griffin argent.

The contrast between the two halves of the field is so low that the line of division is not distinguishable. Past Laurels have returned extremely low-contrast lines of division even when there is not an overall charge (for an example, see the return of Isabel d’Avignon’s device, June 1997 LoAR). Please inform the submitter that if she must have a sea-griffin, it should have prominent ears to distinguish it from a sea-eagle (not that the difference is sufficient for a CD). (10/1999)

Andela Romier. Badge. (Fieldless) A mouse sejant ululant to sinister argent.

While we allow wolves and foxes to be ululant, the head posture is an SCA invention. It is possible that had the head posture been introduced today we would not allow it. Allowing ululant wolves is a step beyond period practice; allowing anything but canines to use the position is two steps beyond period practice and therefore grounds for return. (12/2000)

Anders Botman. Device. Vert, an owl displayed wings inverted argent.

By current precedent, there is not a CD between an owl displayed and an eagle displayed. Therefore, this device has multiple conflicts, including Poland (important real-world arms), Gules, an eagle displayed argent crowned Or, and the badge for the Shire of Adlersruhe, Vert, an eagle displayed, wings inverted and a base argent. Against Poland, there is not a CD for the removal of the crown; therefore, there is only a single CD for the change of the field. Against Aldersruhe, there is only a single CD for removing the base.

This is clear of Sebastian Alexander Stormmane, Sable, an owl displayed argent holding on its breast a rose gules. As depicted, the rose is effectively a tertiary charge, so there is a CD for the change to the field plus a second for removing the tertiary charge. (03/2001)

Andrés Miguel Rodriguez de la Rosa. Device. Checky azure and Or, a tierce sable, overall a winged rabbit rampant maintaining a rapier argent.

There is long standing precedent against having charges overlie a peripheral charge. "It was ruled some five years ago that flaunches should not be surmounted by charges (Wilhelm von Schlüssel, April, 1983) and we see no reason to reverse that ruling." (Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane, LoAR 23 April 1988, p. 16). Barring evidence that such was done in period, we see no reason to overturn this precedent. We also see no reason to classify a tierce as a field division barring solid evidence that period heralds considered them as such. (07/1999)

Andrew Hawoc. Name.

This is in conflict with Andreas Hak, registered December 1980. The given names are variants of each other, and not quite different enough to be clear; the bynames are in aural conflict. (11/2000)

Andrew Macleod. Name.

This is in aural conflict with Aindrea MacLeod, registered in May 1994. (07/2001)

Andrew of Theodford. Device. Or, a cross quadrate couped checky gules and azure within a bordure sable.

The device violates Rule VIII.2.b.iv, Contrast Requirements. A checky charge must have good contrast between the two tinctures. Furthermore, please instruct the submitter to draw the arms of the cross significantly longer; many members of the College of Arms were unable to identify the charge. (07/2000)

Andrew Quintero. Device. Azure, on a pale wavy argent a feather gules.

From the July 1992 LoAR, p.17: "This sort of wavy ordinary, with the waves opposed instead of parallel (‘wavy bretessed’ instead of ‘wavy-counter-wavy’), was returned on the LoAR of Dec 91 as a non-period depiction." Andrew’s device has the same problem. In addition, the pale is too wide. (09/1999)

Andrew Talbot. Badge. (Fieldless) On a cross moline argent fimbriated gules, a lion’s head contourny sable.

This is being returned for violating the precedent set by Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme as Laurel (January 15, 1993, cover letter) concerning which charges are suitable for fimbriation. A cross moline is too complex to fimbriate. Note that being fieldless is not itself a reason to return a fimbriated charge; while the fimbriation is not needed to avoid a contrast problem, it is nevertheless a valid design feature. (07/1999)

Andronicus Ursacor. Change of name and badge. Barry wavy argent and vert, a griffin segreant contourny gules.

There was no documentation indicating that a byname which is possibly justifiable in Middle English could be used for a Latin byname. Metron Ariston recommends the cognomen Ursus and we pass on the recommendation.

The badge conflicts with Garth ap Ronan, Quarterly argent and sable, a griffin segreant to sinister gules. There is just one CD for the field. (07/1999)

Aneala, Barony of. Badge. (Fieldless) A bezant voided of a two headed swan displayed heads respectant.

The voiding here is essentially an attempt to use a tinctureless (or rather, omni-tinctured) tertiary charge. Such have been disallowed for some time. In returning A cross pierced of a mullet Da’ud ibn Auda wrote, as Laurel: "It is true that we have registered fieldless badges consisting of a charge which has been pierced or voided, but in these cases the piercing/voiding was part of the definition of the charge (e.g., a mascle, a rustre) and can hardly be considered as being in the same category as ‘cross pierced of an (omni-tinctured) mullet.’" (January 1996, pg. 27 (Anlon MacMatha, Calontir))

In addition, this badge uses a plain line charged roundel on a fieldless badge, a practice that has been disallowed since Baldwin of Erebor’s tenure as Laurel. (07/1999)

Angelica Blauschild. Device. Azure, a pair of wings argent conjoined by a Hungerford knot Or, pendant from the knot a needle and a quill pen argent, a bordure ermine.

The device has a complexity count of nine, which is over the rule-of-thumb limit. While we sometimes register armory with this complexity count, those cases follow patterns of period complex armory, which this device does not. Furthermore the needle and quill pen were unidentifiable.

In any resubmissions, if the wings must be joined by a knot, please drawn the knot substantially thicker. (08/2000)

Angus de Botha. Device. Argent, three roses sable.

Conflict with Kaie Haraldson, Or, three cinquefoils sable. There is a CD for the field, but nothing for the difference between a cinquefoil and a rose. (07/2001)

Anita de Challis. Device. Gules, a schnecke issuant from sinister chief argent, on a chief Or, a xonecuilli fesswise gules.

The only registrations of a xonecuilli were to John the Idiota in 1978 and again by him in 1982. It is listed in the Pictorial Dictionary as an Aztec artistic motif. We no longer register artistic motifs even from European sources without evidence that they are compatible with heraldry. Therefore we declare that the xonecuilli is no longer registerable barring evidence that it is compatible with medieval heraldic style. (02/2000)

Anna Graham of Montrose. Name and device. Azure, a bend sinister wavy between a horseshoe and a thistle Or.

Submitted as Anna Graham of Montrose. While adding of Montrose clears the earlier conflict with Hannah Graham it adds the new problem that the Graham chiefs are also the Dukes (originally Earls) of Montrose. This means that the submitted name would have been used only by a member of the immediate family of the clan chief and is thus presumptuous. As the submitter doesn't allow us to drop Graham, we have to return this.

The device conflicts with Miriam of Gateacre, Azure, a bend sinister wavy between two Lacy knots Or. There is only a single CD for the change of type of the secondary charges. (04/2000)

Anna Mactaggart. Device. Per bend sinister argent and gules, a dragon sejant erect and a winged maiden counterchanged.

The maiden is not in any blazonable posture. (12/1999)

Anna Ridley. Device change. Per saltire vert and azure, a saltire floretty throughout argent.

Conflict with Annalia Dragotta, Per saltire vert and azure, a saltire tripartite and fretted argent. There is only one CD for the type of the saltire. (03/2000)

Anne Cary. Name.

This name conflicts with the real-world opera singer Annie Louise Cary, 1841-1921, found in Encyclopaedia Britannica. (08/2000)

Anne Mary Quinn. Device. Per bend sinister gules and azure, a swan naiant contourny and a sun Or.

Conflict with Johann Kiefer Hayden, Per bend sinister gules and azure, two owls contourny Or. While there is a CD between a swan and an owl, there is not the substantial difference between the two birds needed for X.2 to hold. Therefore, there is but a single CD for a change of type of the primary charges. (11/2000)

Anthony of Beaumaris. Device. Per pall inverted argent, sable, and azure, two falcons striking respectant counterchanged and a castle argent.

Conflict with Chad Silverswan, Per pall inverted argent, sable and azure, two swans rousant respectant counterchanged and a Latin cross argent. There is a CD for the type of all the primaries, but there is not a CD for the change in posture between rousant and striking. Furthermore, swans and falcons, while significantly different, are not substantially different therefore we cannot call the two pieces of armory clear by RfS X.2, Difference of Primary Charges. (05/2001)

Antoinette la Rouge d'Avignon. Household name La Compagnie des Liouns Erraunte.

No evidence was provided as to why "Company of the Errant Lions" (or "Company of the Itinerant Strong") would be a reasonable period name for an organized group of people. (07/2001)

Anton Cwith. Name.

No forms were sent to Laurel. (11/2000)

Antwerp, City of. Device. Gules, a walled city and in chief a pair of hands in chevron inverted argent.

This was ruled not important enough to protect in June, 1995 with the following comments: Though the city itself is important in later period, and its arms relate to the legend of how the city received its name, the arms do not otherwise appear to be of sufficient importance for us to protect them. No additional evidence was presented to lead us to change that decision. (12/2000)

Antwerp, Margraviate of. Device. Per fess Or and gules, in chief a double-headed eagle displayed sable and in base a walled city beneath a pair of hands in chevron inverted argent.

No evidence was given that the Margraviate of Antwerp was an independent entity, nor that it is otherwise important enough or familiar enough to protect. See the Cover Letter for more details. (12/2000)

Aodhnait Máire Siobhàn ní Nuanáin. Device change. Per pale azure and vert, a cat sejant argent striped sable maintaining a needle argent threaded Or.

Conflict with Jordre Pargon of Windhover's Reach, Azure, a snow leopard sejant argent, spotted sable, and Louis-Philippe Mitourard, Per bend sinister gules and azure, a striped silver tabby cat sejant guardant proper. There is no difference given for the change in the markings or for the maintained needle, so there is only a single CD for the field. (01/2000)

Aonghas Cu. Device. Or, on a pale azure a tree argent.

Conflict with Elspeth of the Wood, Vert, on a pale azure, fimbriated, an oak tree Or. There is a CD for the field, but Aonghas' tree, though blazoned as a fir tree, was drawn round enough that we could not call it significantly different from Elspeth's oak tree. (02/2000)

Arabella Silvermane. Device. Per pale gules and sable, a griffin segreant maintaining an axe Or.

Conflict with Degary Golafre of Pembroke, Quarterly sable and gules, a griffin segreant coward bearing in her dexter talon a Celtic cross and in her sinister talon a sword inverted Or. There is a CD for the field but nothing for changing the maintained charges and nothing for the tail position. (02/2000)

Arcturius Aleator. Device. Or, a die vert marked Or.

While dice were shown in perspective, the known period examples depicted them face forward, rather than edge forward. This minimizes the effect of perspective. Therefore, we must return this device for redrawing. (04/2000)

Ariadne la Noire. Device. Sable, three swans rousant wings displayed within a bordure Or.

The original submission was returned for redrawing, as it blurred the distinction between rousant and displayed. The posture of the swans in the current submission is identical to the previous submission, except that it is less clearly drawn, and therefore the device must be returned again for redrawing. (11/1999)

Arianna Katzenfreunde die Wissbegierige. Name.

The submitter stated that Katzenfreunde was found in Bahlow, Deutsches Namenlexikon, under Katz, but the word is found there only has a possible derivation for Katz, not as a name. The submitter should also be informed that Wissbegierige, inquisitive, is an unlikely descriptive epithet, being both overly complex and overly abstract.

Her armory was registered under the name Arianna of Atenveldt. (04/2000)

Arianwen ferch Arthur. Device. Quarterly azure and argent, four ounces sejant counterchanged.

Conflict with Renate Gabrielle Grossvogel von Ramsau, Quarterly azure and argent, in bend two cats sejant, dexter forepaws raised, argent. There is a CD for the number of cats, but nothing for the change in the position of one forepaw. (06/2001)

Arik Alton. Household name Hawks Keep.

This conflicts with Hawk Herald of Calontir. Keep is the designator, and therefore does not contribute towards difference; neither does the addition of the possessive. (08/1999)

Armand D’Arcy. Device. Or, a winged unicorn segreant sable.

The primary charge is not really a winged unicorn but a unicornate pegasus with a lion’s tail. It is missing both the beard and the cloven hooves. Thus it blurs the distinction between unicorns and horses. It is also in conflict with Kathleen of Riverrose (registered 1976), Or, a unicornate pegasus statant sable, with only a single CD for the posture of the monster. (02/2001)

ARMSTRONG. Device. Argent, three pallets azure.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Arn Hold, Barony of. Badge for the Order of the Amethyst Chalice. (Fieldless) A chalice purpure.

Conflict with the badge for Dorcas Dorcadas, Or, a goblet purpure, jeweled proper. The jewels contribute no difference so there is only a single CD for fieldlessness. (01/2000)

Arn Hold, Barony of. Badge for the Order of the Cercle d'Honneur. (Fieldless) An annulet Or.

Conflict with Vladimir Vitalievich Volkov, Per pale argent ermined purpure and purpure, an annulet Or. There is only a single CD for fieldlessness. (01/2000)

Arn Hold, Barony of. Order name Order of Le Pomme d'Or and badge. Purpure, an apple Or.

Conflict with the Palme d'Or, the award for best film at the Cannes Film Festival. As one of the very few international awards known in America, we consider it important enough to protect, and there is insufficent difference in sounce between Pomme and Palme.

The badge conflicts with Adelicia Gilwell, An apple Or. There is only a single CD for fieldlessness. (01/2000)

Arn Hold, Barony of. Order name Order of the Gaudium Alces.

First, the grammar is incorrect — the name should be Gaudium Alcis. More importantly no evidence was given, nor could any be found, to indicate that "Joy of the Moose" matched any known naming pattern for order names. (01/2000)

Arnak Haifisch der Laut. Name and device. Sable, a shark haurient affronty argent.

This name has several problems. First, no dated evidence was submitted for the given name. Second, neither was evidence given for the unusual byname Haifisch, meaning 'shark.' Third, the second byname der Laut does not mean 'the Loud' but 'the Tone'; this doesn't fit with our knowledge about period bynames. Finally, no evidence was submitted for using two descriptive bynames in German.

No device forms were included for this submission. In addition, we would like evidence of this posture's use in period armory.

In redesign beware of Gest Grimsson, Vert, a narwhal hauriant embowed argent, and Balin the Fairhaired, Sable, a whale hauriant argent. (07/2000)

Arnaud de Gournay of Dragonsley. Device. Per saltire vert and Or, an eagle displayed counterchanged.

This device conflicts with Leonie de Civronnay, Per saltire vert and Or, a mockingbird displayed head to sinister proper perched on an ocotillo branch fesswise vert, flowered gules. There is one CD for change in tincture of the charge. While it is true that birds do not always conflict with other birds, only eagles were displayed in period. Therefore there is not a CD for change in type. Examination of the emblazon shows that the branch is not significant, so there is no CD for its removal. (10/1999)

Artemisia da Quieto d’Arzenta. Device. Per chevron ermine and purpure, in base a compass star argent.

There are multiple conflicts, including the one mentioned in the Letter of Intent: Ulrich Drachendonner, Tierced in pall azure, gules and sable, in chief a compass star argent. Because the position of Artemisia’s compass star’s is forced, there is not a CD for position, even though the location of Ulrich’s compass star is not forced.

The device is also in conflict with Andrew Greencloak Hethilsson, Per chevron argent and vert, in base a mullet of four points argent, the badge for the Barony of Rivenstar, Azure, a riven star argent, and the badge for Eleanor Leonard, (Tinctureless) A mullet of four points distilling a goutte. By prior precedent there is not a CD between a compass star and a mullet of four points, nor is there a CD between a compass star and a riven star; therefore in each case there is only a single CD for the changes to the field. (04/2001)

Artemisia da Quieto d'Arzenta. Device. Per saltire purpure and sable, a legless dragon tergiant head to sinister and in chief three mullets argent.

This device, pended from the July 2000 LoAR, has been withdrawn by the submitter. (10/2000)

Artemus of Grimsby. Name.

No documentation was provided for the given name. We would have changed it to the documented Artemas, but as he does not allow any changes we have to return it. (02/2001)

Artois, Counts of. Device. Azure semy-de-lys Or, a label gules.

No evidence was given that the Counts of Artois was an independent entity, nor that it is otherwise important enough or familiar enough to protect. See the Cover Letter for more details. (12/2000)

Aruba. Flag. Azure, a bar gemel abased Or and in canton a mullet of four points gules fimbriated argent.

Aruba is not a sovereign nation so its flag is not automatically important enough to protect, and no evidence was given to indicate why it should otherwise be protected. (11/1999)

Asagiri Tetsuo. Name and device. Azure, a reremouse displayed argent maintaining a sword fesswise proper.

No evidence was given to indicate that Asagiri, meaning "Morning fog", is a reasonable surname, which are primarily based on geographical features, not weather phenomenon. Furthermore the submitter’s given name was incorrectly spelled as Tetsuo instead of Tatsuo. While not a reason for return, the submitter should be informed that men in the samurai class invariably has a nanori as well as a surname and given name.

The submitter has a letter of permission to conflict with Chabi of Burkhan Khaldun, Per bend sinister sable and vert, a reremouse argent; however, as he did not allow the formation of a holding name, we must return the device as well. (10/1999)

Ashir al-Zahir. Name.

No documentation was provided for the given name, nor was the College able to find such.

His device has been registered under the holding name Christian of Sundragon. (07/2000)

Asmarani al-Aswani. Name.

The only documentation for the given name was the assertion of a native Arabic speaker that it was a name. However, in most cases a native speaker does not know very much about period naming practice. This, therefore, is not sufficient documentation — it would be similar to accepting the word of the submitter as documentation for an English name. Since the College could not find documentation for the name we have to return it.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Shelley of Windale. (03/2001)

Ásta Þorvaldsdóttir. Device. Purpure, a chevron couched from dexter interlaced with a chevron couched from sinister Or between two arrows, overall an arrow inverted argent.

This violates the ban on depictions of the same charge in two different sizes on the field. As drawn, it is unclear if the arrows on the sides are intended to be secondaries or overall charges. (02/2001)

Astasia de Moncellis. Device. Per bend wavy gules and sable, a decrescent and in chief two mullets argent.

This is being returned for having charges overlying a low contrast field with a complex line of division. An exception to this rule is only made when the overlap is very small, but that is not the case here. (06/23/1999)

Astasia de Moncellis. Device. Quarterly argent and argent vêtu ployé azure, in bend sinister two decrescents azure.

The device violates RfS XI.3, Marshalling. In particular it violates the clause in RfS XI.3.b:

Such fields may only be used when no single portion of the field may appear to be an independent piece of armory. No section of the field may contain an ordinary that terminates at the edge of that section, or more than one charge unless those charges are part of a group over the whole field. Charged sections must all contain charges of the same type to avoid the appearance of being different from each other.

While this case is not precisely one of the cases enumerated, there is no evidence of a vêtu field being used on only part of the field; therefore the two vêtu sections can only be independent pieces of armory. Reblazoning as Quarterly argent and azure, in bend sinister two lozenges ployé throughout each charged with a decrescent azure does not help, because the lozenges are both charged and throughout, so the quarters still appear to be independent armory. (04/2001)

Astrid Olafsdatter. Name.

This is in aural conflict with Astrith Ulfsdottir. For the resubmission it would be useful to know whether she wants a Viking-era Old Norse name or a later-period Norwegian, Danish or Swedish name. The current submission is late period Danish/Swedish, but the documentation and submission forms are vague on this point.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Astrid of Eisental. (06/2001)

Astrid Radulfsdottir. Household name House Wolfgang von Neunkirchen.

No evidence was provided that ships in period were named after specific individuals. On the contrary, based on the knowledge we have, this seems not to have been the case. As an alternative, the submitter would have accepted House Neunkirchen. Unfortunately, however, the town has its own entry even in the one-volume pocket encyclopedia we checked (Tasku-Tietojätti, Gummerus 1984), so it falls in the category of protected real-world names. (07/2000)

Astrid Ravenlocks Thorvaldsdottir. Name.

Ravenlocks does not follow any pattern for Norse names; "raven" refers only to the bird. We cannot drop the element because that would bring it into conflict with the registered name Astrid Thorvardsdatter. We recommend that the submitter consider using in hásvarta, "the black-haired woman." (10/1999)

Her armory was registered under the holding name Astrid of Wyrmgeist.

Astrid Wulfkunzel. Name change from Astrid Radulfsdottir.

The constructed name Wulfkünzel has the problem that Künzel seems only justified as a protheme. That is, based on the Wolf- names and Konrad submitted as evidence, we would get Wolfrad (which would not need such hypothesizing, since Bahlow cites Wolfradus von Stain, 1291).

It is possible to construct a name from these elements, however. Wulf is found as both protheme and deutherotheme, so swapping the elements should be acceptable. In Anglo-Saxon we even have evidence of such a name: Searle has in Onomasticon Anglo-Saxonicum several cites of Coenwulf in the 8th–11th century. (07/2000)

Atenveldt, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Paramount Pursuivant.

This title conflicts with Paramount Pictures, which the College of Arms feels is a non-SCA name important enough to protect. Also, we’d like to see more evidence of adjectives used as heraldic titles in period. (07/1999)

Atlantia, Kingdom of. Badge for the Kings Guard. (Fieldless) A sealion maintaining a sword bendwise sinister Or.

The consensus of the College is that the sword is not large enough to count as a co-primary. As a maintained charge its addition is worth no difference so the badge is in conflict with the badge for the Shire of Adamestor, A sea-lion Or maned sable. There is a CD for fieldlessness but nothing for changing the tincture of the mane of the lion nor for the addition of the sword. (04/2001)

Atlantia, Kingdom of. Badge for the Page School. Page School. (Fieldless) On a rose gules barbed vert a chalice argent.

This badge conflicts with the badge of the House of Tudor (important non-SCA armory) A tudor rose. One depiction of a Tudor Rose can be blazoned as a On a rose gules a rose argent. There is a CD for fieldlessness; however, there is none for changing the type only of a tertiary charge.

This was accidentally left off the July 1999 LoAR. (09/1999)

Aubrée Symonne de Ver. Device. Or, on a fess between a sprig embowed to chief and a sprig embowed to base gules, a collie and a cat sejant respectant Or.

Collies as a breed originated after the 16th century, therefore they may not be used as a charge. Additionally, while not a cause for return, many commenters found the two similar but not identical sejant beasts on the fess to be visually confusing. (03/2000)

Avacal, Principality of. Badge for the Order of the Gilded Griffin. (Fieldless) A griffin segreant Or.

This was an appeal of the kingdom return of this badge for conflict with Degary Golafre of Pembroke, reblazoned elsewhere in this letter, Quarterly sable and gules, a griffin segreant coward maintaining in its dexter talon a Celtic cross and in its sinister talon a sword inverted Or. As seen by the reblazoning, the held charges are maintained (that is, are significantly smaller than the griffin) and thus do not contribute to difference, even in combination. Therefore, there is but a single CD for fieldlessness. (07/2000)

Avacal, Principality of. Order name Award of the Little Griffin.

No evidence was provided that this name would conform to period patterns of order names. As the College could not find such evidence either, we have to return this. (09/2000)

Avacal, Principality of. Order name Order of the Griffin's Flame.

A flame is not an attribute associated with a griffin, therefore we need to see evidence that Griffin's Flame is a reasonable name for an order. (01/2000)

Avarga Chagaadai. Name.

According to Pennon, Avarga may very well mean 'Giant' or 'Big One' in Modern Mongolian, specifically the Khalkhan dialect; also, this fits the pattern of elements used in Mongol naming practices. Unfortunately, however, this would not be the word used in period. The Khalkhan dialect has changed the spelling of some original words and time has added not only words but letters to the language. V is not found in Mongol words prior to 1206 when Genghis Khan ordered the use of the Uighur script for writing Mongolian. Its use came in with the importing of words from other cultures and did not find its way into Mongolian names until after period.

The word the submitter is looking for is Yeke. Meaning literally 'great' it is used as a synonym for 'big' and 'large' also. There are several instances of its use as a personal name element in period. In the Index of the Secret History of the Mongols, translated by Francis Woodman Cleaves (Professor Emeritus of Harvard University) there are 6 instances of Yeke: Yeke Barula, Yeke Cheren, Yeke Chiledü, Yeke Nerghürin, and Yeke Nidün.

The spelling of Chagaadai is modern - a good attempt, but modern none the less. As the submitter allows minor changes, we would have changed it to Chaghadai; however, the change from Avarga to Yeke is far too major for us to make.

We suggest Yeke Chaghadai as a more period name with the desired meaning. (04/2000)

Azelin Cola of Wishford. Household name House Ancaster and badge. (Fieldless) On a bell Or, a duck statant gules.

This name is in aural conflict with the protected real-world house of Lancaster.

The badge is in conflict with Roger de Hinchelie, Vert, on a bell Or a lion rampant guardant gules. There is a CD for fieldlessness, but not a second for changing the type only of the tertiary charge. A bell is not simple enough to void and thus not simple enough for X.4.j.ii to apply. (08/2000)

Baildrin MacEinri. Device. Per pale indented azure and gules, a lion passant and on a chief argent, three roses gules.

The lion obscures the low contrast line of division to the point where identifiability is significantly reduced. Such cases have been the cause for return for some time. (11/1999)

Balthasar van Maldeghem. Device. Per pale sable and Or, a mace and a bordure embattled counterchanged.

There was discussion as to whether the mace was wide enough to be counterchanged along its long axis. Previous cases have decided that winged swords are not, and that double-bitted axes and comets are. The issue is identifiability — such counterchanging was banned precisely because the charge became unidentifiable. After examining the emblazon, we decided that the charge was just barely too narrow to be counterchanged like this. (08/2000)

Balthazar l’Escallier. Device. Vert, a bend cotised between two acorns argent.

No forms were sent to Laurel. (09/2000)

Banba McGowen. Name and device. Per fess vert ermined argent and argent, in base three hedgehogs azure.

The name and device are returned for lack of paperwork. Additionally the documentation for Banba indicates that it was used only as a place name or as the wife of a god. Lastly, while not a reason for return anymore, the submitter should be informed that mixing Irish Gaelic and English spellings in a single name is a vanishingly rare practice. If the submitter is interested in the period Irish given name Banbnat, pronounced roughly \BAHNV-nitch\, then Banbnat ingen in Gobann would be an authentic Irish name meaning "Banbnat, daughter of the smith." (10/1999)

BARCLAY of Towie. Device. Azure, a chevron Or between three crosses formy argent.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Basil von Köln. Badge. (Fieldless) A cross clechy sable, the crossbar draped of a cloth argent. (03/2001)

No evidence was given, nor could the College provide any, that draping a cloth over a cross was a motif found in period heraldry. Furthermore, the particular form of draping obscures enough of the cross that it is equivalent to the type of overall charges that have been disallowed for many years (see the cover letter for the November 1992 LoAR, pg. 3). Any future submission should document the particular depiction to period, preferably in heraldry. Moreover, it should limit the amount of overlap so that both charges are clearly identifiable. (03/2001)

Bastian Wolfhart. Device. Argent, a wolf statant gules atop a mount vert.

The wolf appears to be neither on nor atop the mount; a blazon which more accurately reproduces the emblazon is Argent, a mount vert, overall a wolf statant gules. However, we do not register charges that overlap peripheral ordinaries. (11/1999)

Bathory Anastasia. Device. Per fess wavy sable and barry wavy Or and sable, in chief a decrescent Or.

The submitter withdrew the device. (02/2000)

Battista Kie De Lagos. Name and device. Per fess vert and purpure, on a fess between two keys fesswise Or two scorpions fesswise addorsed tails entwined sable.

The "d" in "De" should not be capitalized. As the submitter would accept no changes, this name must be returned. Also, please inform the submitter that Battista is a masculine name.

Because she would not accept a holding name, the device must be returned as well. (08/1999)

Bear Mountain, Canton of. Branch name and device. Per pall inverted azure, argent and vert, in chief two laurel wreaths counterchanged.

These are returned because the petitions contained neither the group name nor a description of the device.

The submitters should be informed that there is little evidence that mountain was used in this form as a place name element in period. They may want to consider the considerably more authentic name Bearmont instead. (01/2000)

Bearaich Ó Harald-o’. Name.

The submitter requested an authentic 11th-12th century Manx name. However, the name has several problems. The given name appears to be in the genitive case. Furthermore, even the nominative form Berach is likely to be a Modern Irish spelling of the name, and we were not able to find a form dated to the desired time period.

The byname is even more problematical. Contrary to what the LoI claims, the form given in Woulfe's Irish Names and Surnames is O'Harold. This is an Anglicised spelling; Woulfe gives Ó hArailt as the Gaelic form. However, it is undated, and the Anglicised form is dated to the very end of our period. Based on examples in the Annals of Tigernach, mac Arailt Oicc would seem a reasonable early form of the byname.

The combination Berach mac Arailt Oicc would still not be quite authentic, as it would have mid-to-late-period given name combined with an early-period byname. Further, all of this has been documented from Irish sources, not Manx. Still, we would have registered it if the submitter had allowed us to make major changes. Since he did not, we are unwilling to change the name so radically from the submitted form. (11/2000)

Beatrice Domenici della Campana. Badge. Vert, a mazer and in chief three lemons two and one fracted to base distilling gouttes Or.

Conflict with Graffico de Drell, Vert, entwined about a chalice Or, a serpent head to sinister sable. The serpent is not significant, therefore there is only one CD for the addition of the secondary charges. We would also like to see evidence of lemons or other fruit depicted this way in period heraldry. (12/2000)

Beatrice Domenici della Campana. Device. Argent, on a pall between three roses azure four roses argent.

Conflict with Rosalyn of Thornabe on Tees, Argent, a pall arrondy between three forget-me-nots azure. There is a CD for the addition of the tertiary charges, but nothing for straightening the arms of the pall nor for the difference between a forget-me-not and a rose. (03/2000)

Beau Fort, Shire of. Badge change. (Fieldless) A yale rampant sable, armed and spotted Or, maintaining an escutcheon sable charged with a fleur-de-lys Or.

The yale is not touching the escutcheon and by rule VIII.5 fieldless badges must contain only conjoined charges. Moreover, the yale is drawn midway between passant and rampant. If the yale is drawn as rampant, it will conflict with the badge of Alejandra Mercedes de Rosanegra, A yale rampant sable platy, with a CD for fieldlessness, but nothing for changing the tincture only of the tertiary roundels. (10/1999)

Beau Fort, Shire of. Badge. Sable, a fleur-de-lys within a bordure Or.

Conflict with Catarina della Zimarra, Sable a fleur de lys within the horns of a crescent Or. A check of Catarina’s emblazon shows that the fleur-de-lys is definitely the sole primary charge. Therefore there is only one CD for changing the type of the secondary/peripheral charge. (10/1999)

Beinntheine, Shire of. Badge. (Fieldless) A cauldron sable.

Conflict with the badge for the House of the Blackened Pot (Jana Aoibeall), Or, a cauldron suspended from a tripod sable. The tripod is not significant enough to contribute difference. (03/2000)

Béla Kós. Device. Per pale bevilled argent and sable, a hawk volant contourny and a skull all counterchanged.

No evidence was given that per pale bevilled is a legitimate line of division. Furthermore, even the documented per bend bevilled cannot, by Laurel precedent, be used with dissimilar charges. Legh, Accidences of Armory (1586), asserts that the field should not be charged at all. We have, as one step beyond period practice, allowed the field to be used with a single type of simple charge. The submitted device, however, would be at least two steps beyond period practice. (02/2001)

Béoán mac Tarbh. Name.

No evidence was presented for mac Tarbh as a period byname. Instead the LoI argued that some Gaelic names were formed from animal names, for instance MacCon 'son of the Wolf', Branan from bran 'raven', MacCart 'son of Art' from Arto 'bear'. Further, as the argument went, Johnston, Place Names of Scotland, under Tarff, gives its origin as Gaelic Tarbh 'bull'. However, no dates are given, and furthermore Johnston's etymologies are sometimes suspect. Barring better documentation for the byname we are returning this. (10/2000)

Bermuda. Flag. Gules, on an escutcheon the state arms (Argent, a base vert, a lion sejant erect affronty crowned gules holding a shield showing the sinking of the ship Sea Venture off Bermuda in 1609) and a canton of the Union Jack.

Bermuda is not a sovereign nation so its flag is not automatically important enough to protect, and no evidence was given to indicate why it should otherwise be protected. (11/1999)

Bernard de Barre. Name.

Conflict with the registered name Bernard ben Barra. Neither ben nor de contribute to difference and the primary elements are not significantly different. (03/2000)

Berowelf fon Haholtesheime. Device. Per saltire argent and gules, two axes argent.

The device technically conflicts with Richard of Walterna, Quarterly Or and sable, in bend sinister two double-bitted axes argent. There is one CD for the changes to the field. Under current precedent the arrangement of the axes is a forced change and not worth a CD. (07/1999)

Bianca Fioretta da Ravenna. Device. Purpure, a cross moline disjointed within a bordure Or.

Listed on the letter of intent as a resubmission, at the Laurel level, the device is actually a new device. Therefore we cannot register it without a fee. (10/1999)

Bice di Pietro. Device. Gules, a cross Or, overall on a lozenge sable fimbriated an estoile all within a bordure Or.

This device is returned for violating rule XI.4: Arms of Pretense. The fimbriation makes the lozenge appear to be charged with a bordure. (09/1999)

Biringeira de Vasconçellos. Device. Per pale urdy gules and sable.

Conflict with the badge of Peter of Dun Calma, Per pale embattled gules and Or. There is a CD for change of tincture, but by precedent (Arinbjorn Ragnarsson, January 1997, p. 18) there is not a CD for urdy vs. embattled. (04/2001)

Bjorn of the Kuma. Name.

No evidence was given to show that a locative taken from a river name is a valid byname in either Norse or Russian.

The device is registered under the holding name Bjorn of Gyldenholt (08/1999)

Blatha an Oir, Barony of. Order name L'Ordre de l'Hèrme d'Or.

An OED citation for the English herm is not sufficient to document the French hèrme. Even if the word were documented as a period French word, we would have the problem that hèrme seems too specific to be used in an order name — Order of the Statue would be fine but Order of the Statue of Hermes much less so. (04/2000)

Bleddyn ap Llwelyn. Name.

Conflict with the registered name Bleddyn ap Llwelyn. His armory was registered under the holding name Bleddyn of Hornwood. (02/2000)

Blóð-Úlfr inn Berserki. Name change from holding name John Norris of Dreiburgen.

No documentation was provided for Blóð-Úlfr as a given name; the previous Laurel return mentioned that it was possibly a valid byname but not a given name. (11/1999)

Bohemond Guiscard. Device. Sable, in pale a sunburst Or issuant from clouds and a prickspur fesswise reversed argent.

Conflict with the badge for Sigurd Ericsson of Bergen, Sable, a spur fesswise reversed argent, with only one CD for the addition of the sunburst. (06/2001)

Bohémond le Sinistre. Device change. Per bend sinister argent and argent semy-de-lys sable, on a bend sinister gules a sword inverted Or, in chief an elephant head cabossed sable.

Current precedent disallows strewn charges on only part of a plain field, even when the field has a "natural" division such as an ordinary (see July 1998 LoAR, Miriel MacGregor), barring evidence that such fields were used in period armory. (01/2001)

Borealis, Barony of. Badge. Azure, in pale two wolf’s heads erased addorsed and conjoined at the neck argent and two rapiers inverted in saltire Or.

This is being returned for conflict with the badge for the Order of the Silverwolf, Azure, in pale two wolf’s heads erased addorsed and conjoined at the neck argent and two swords inverted in saltire Or, registered to Borealis in this letter. We do not register identical items, even to the same submitter. Blazon A is considered identical to blazon B if, given blazon A and B, you could draw them identically. Therefore only one of those two blazons can be registered. As it is reasonable to draw charges blazoned as swords as rapiers, we are only registering the more general badge; however, that badge can be drawn with rapiers as needed. (12/1999)

Borealis, Barony of. Order Name Order of the Wolf’s Paw.

The use of the apostrophe is post period. Since they allow no changes, this order name must be returned. (12/1999)

Bran ap Gruffudd. Name.

Unfortunately the name Rhianwen ferch Bran ap Gruffydd has already been registered in June 1986. The current submitter is, in effect, claiming to be Rhianwen’s father, and the submission is therefore in violation of section VI.3 of the Rules for Submissions. (05/2001)

Bran of Lough Derg. Device. Or, in pale a bird displayed sable perched atop a crescent inverted gules, between the horns a mountain of three peaks couped sable.

The device has three different types of charge in the same charge group, violating the rule of thumb in RfS VIII.1.a. Armorial Simplicity, ... As another guideline, three or more types of charges should not be used in the same group. (06/2000)

Bran Trefonin. Badge for House Corvus. (Fieldless) Three birds close conjoined in annulo sable.

These birds are not conjoined in annulo, they are connected by the legs. As such, this depiction is not blazonable. We would need evidence that this motif is a reasonable heraldic depiction as well as a valid blazon for it in order to register it. As his currently registered badge, Three birds close conjoined in annulo argent, has the birds connected head to tail, we cannot register this motif using the Grandfather Clause. (11/2000)

Brandric of Rhydderich Hael. Badge. (Fieldless) An eagle-headed torc opening to chief Or.

This conflicts with Weyland O’Faoláin, Per fess embattled vert and Or, in chief a torque, opening to chief, Or. There is a CD for fieldlessness, but we do not give a CD for position when one of the pieces of armory is fieldless, and there is nothing for the opening decoration. (10/1999)

Brendan of Dormansford. Device. Gyronny sable and purpure, an eagle displayed argent and in chief three estoiles Or.

The device violated RfS VIII.2.b(iv) "Contrast Requirements — Elements evenly divided into multiple parts of two different tinctures must have good contrast between their parts." A gyronny field must have good contrast between its parts. (09/2000)

Brendoken, Barony of. Device. Per pale vert and sable, a compass star within a laurel wreath Or.

Conflict with the Shire of Champclair, Per fess azure and vairy Or and azure, in chief a sun within a laurel wreath Or. There is not a CD between a compass star and a sun. Furthermore, the position of the shire’s charges is forced by the rules of contrast, so there is not a CD for the position of the charges on the field. Therefore there is only a single CD for the change of the field. In addition, the wreath was not drawn as a laurel wreath but as two sprigs of laurel. A wreath should be nearly circular, but this case had only a little curvature of the laurel springs at the top. (05/2001)

Brenna Michaela Sine Macghie of Clan MacKay. Name.

There are several problems with the name. Brenna is not Gaelic, but is justfiable as possibly Italian. This makes the name acceptable by itself, but not with the rest of the name. The mixture of English and Gaelic spellings in the name is a weirdness. Furthermore, there is no evidence of Scottish or Irish names with two given names, much less three. Also, there is no evidence of the use of Clan <X> in names. Lastly, the Macghie of MacKay implied that the submitter is the clan chief or the clan chief's daughter, which is presumptuous. The submitter should also be informed that Michaela is not Irish. (04/2000)

Brian Brock. Household name Clan Caer Lonn.

The name mixes two languages, Welsh (Caer) and Gaelic (Lonn) in one phrase, violating rule III.1.a, "Linguistic Consistency." Brian should also be informed that Clans were named after personal names and nicknames, not places. Lastly we would prefer to see some evidence that "Strong" is a reasonable adjective to apply to keeps. (07/1999)

Brian du Val. Name and device. Bendy and per bend sinister argent and azure, a goblet within an orle Or.

No forms were sent to Laurel. (11/2000)

Brian Killian the Red. Badge. (Fieldless) On a grenade Or enflamed proper, a crescent sable.

This badge is returned for conflict with Wolfgang Schwarzburg (Sep 93), Per saltire sable and gules, on a fireball Or enflamed proper a winged cat segreant sable. There is one CD for fieldlessness, but none for the change of type only of the tertiary. Al-Jamal provided evidence that standard sources (Parker, Elvin, and Franklyn and Tanner) define fireballs and grenades as identical charges or, at most, minor artistic variants of one another. (08/1999)

Brian Ó Duinn. Name.

This conflicts with the registered name of Brianna O Duinn. (04/2000)

Brianna Baptista. Device. Gules, on a sun Or a decrescent sable, a bordure Or.

There are a number of conflicts, including Eleric Sønn Hvittann, Sable, on a sun Or an anvil sable, within a bordure Or, and Alwyn of Kittisford, Per saltire azure and gules, on a compass star Or a pellet and a bordure Or. In both cases there is a CD for the field, but not another one for changing the type only of the tertiary charges. (07/2000)

Briget MacLeod. Device. Per pall inverted gules, argent, and sable, in base a Norse sun cross Or.

The Norse sun cross is also the symbol for Earth, and by precedent symbols cannot be registered as the sole charge. This ruling was applied to Norse sun crosses in April 1994 (pg. 15, s.n. Barony of Bonwicke). (09/2000)

Brighid ingen ui Gobhainn. Name.

This conflicts with Brigid MacGowan, registered in July 1996.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Brighid of the East. (06/2001)

Brighid inghean Mhurchada. Device. Per pall inverted gules, Or, and sable, two bat-winged lions combatant Or and gules and a glove palewise argent.

The things on the lions' backs are not wings but fishtails. We know of no examples in period of charges formed in this manner. (04/2000)

Brighid Wolfshead. Device. Azure, a winged wolf segreant within a bordure argent.

Conflict with Thomas Wakefield, Azure, a winged wolf rampant to sinister, wings addorsed, argent, the head environed of a nimbus Or, within a bordure argent. There is not a CD for the removal of the nimbus, thus there is only a single CD for the orientation of the primary charge. (06/2000)

Brion Enkazi. Name.

This was an appeal of a kingdom return. The appeal was based largely on a persona story which has no bearing on the acceptability of the name. Brion is acceptable as an Irish name, although the submitter should be informed that we know of no examples of the name in Central Europe where he based his persona. Enkazi was documented as an Italian mercenary name based on a mispronunciation of und Kazi, but no evidence was given that any byname was formed from this type of transformation, much less an Italian mercenary name. Therefore we must deny the appeal and return the name. (02/2000)

Brione de Barre. Name.

The name conflicts with Brian de Barri , registered in January 1998. (05/2000)

BRODIE of Brodie. Device. Argent, a chevron gules between three mullets azure.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Bronwen Gwehyddes Angelsey. Device. Vert, three chevronels braced, in chief in pale a unicorn’s head couped argent.

The head was not a unicorn’s head, but rather a unicornate horse’s head, as it lacked a beard. Unicornate horses have not been registerable for some time because they blur the distinction between horses and unicorns. (12/1999)

Bronwen o Gydweli. Device change. Per pale sable and argent, an antelope statant and in chief a coronet all counterchanged.

The submitter requested that her current device, Per pale sable and argent, an antelope statant counterchanged, be retained as a badge. She already, however, has three badges registered, thus she cannot have her current arms as a badge without violating the limit on the number of pieces of armory registered. Therefore were are returning the new device until she can indicate which armory should be released in order to register this one. (06/2000)

Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme. Device change. Azure, on a chief embattled argent a dragon couchant azure, winged sable gorged of a coronet Or. For augmentation, the dragon maintaining between its forefeet an escutcheon azure charged with four crescents conjoined in saltire, horns outward argent.

Withdrawn by the submitter. (12/1999)

Brychan ap Dafydd. Device. Vert, on a bend sinister argent three crosses palewise formy fitchy sable.

Conflict with Leslie the Brown, Vert, on a bend sinister argent a Hermit Thrush close proper (Hylocichla guttata). There is only a single CD for the changes to the tertiaries.

The submitter should be informed that the crosses following the line of the bend sinister would be more authentic. (06/23/1999)

Bryne McClellan. Device. Argent, a double rose proper within a wreath of thorns sable a bordure vert.

Conflict with Adelaide de Beaumont, Argent, a pimpernel gules, slipped and leaved, within a bordure vert; there is only a CD for the addition of the wreath of thorns. There is no CD for the difference between a pimpernel and a rose (even a double rose), and there is no CD for removing the slipping of a rose-like flower. (09/2000)

Cadlae inghean uí Sheanacháin. Device. Gules, on a chalice inverted between two roundels Or a wooden spiked mace inverted proper.

As far as we know, maces were not made entirely of wood; therefore, there is no support for the head being brown. Furthermore, both cups and maces were rarely inverted in period, so inverting both may be excessive. (11/2000)

Cadwallon y Rhudd. Name correction from Cadwallon Rudd.

According to the submitter, the change of name from Cadwallon y Rhudd to Cadwallon Rudd in August 1981 was in error, as he originally submitted Cadwallon Rudd but it was changed to Cadwallon y Rhudd. The LoARs and the files indicate that he originally submitted Cadwallon Rudd and it was changed by Laurel in March 1981 to Cadwallon y Rhudd; however, that change was appealed and Laurel changed the name back to Cadwallon Rudd in August 1981. Therefore the armorial is correct. (11/2000)

Cadwan Galwiddoe of Redmarch. Badge. Gyronny of sixteen gules and argent, a windmill sable, a bordure vert bezanty.

This device has multiple weirdnesses or rarities: a gyronny of sixteen with a central charge, a complexity count of eight, and identifiability problems with the primary charge. While none of these problems (with the possible exception of identifiability) would, by themselves, make the device returnable, the combination is fatal. (06/2000)

Caecilie Selig. Device. Purpure, a standing seraph proper winged and vested argent haloed Or.

Conflict with Angelica Winter of the Willows, Purpure, two standing seraphs and a willow tree eradicated argent. There is but a single CD for the number of primary charges. The combination of the device and the name Selig, blessed, is not presumptuous: there are many examples of the byname "blessed," and while a standing seraph is a religious symbol, it is not associated with either the cult of saints in general or with Saint Cecilia in particular. (07/2000)

Caer Gwyn, College of. Branch name and device. Purpure, on a tower argent a laurel wreath vert, on a chief argent three apples vert.

The name conflicts with House Caergwen, registered in June 1991 to Denys de Caergwen. As we do not register holding names for groups, the armory must be returned as well. (01/2001)

Cainder ingen hui Chatharnaig. Device. Per chevron argent and sable, two hazel springs and an owl counterchanged.

The hazel sprigs are unidentifiable as drawn. (09/2000)

Cainneach mac Asgaill. Device. Sable, an annulet argent.

Conflict with Minowara Kiritsubo, Sable, an annulet surmounted by three dragon's claws in pall conjoined at the tips argent between, as an augmentation, in fess two bezants and in pale in annulo an Oriental dragon passant to sinister and another passant inverted Or. The base armory is still protected, even with the augmentation, so there is only a single CD for the deletion of the overall charge group. (04/2000)

Cairenn inghean Dubhthaigh. Name and device. Per pale azure and vert, a fret argent.

While the given name appears in Ó Corráin and Maguire's Irish Names, they say that "The only bearer of this name was Caireen Chasdubh ('of the dark curly hair'), daughter of the king of the Britons, and mother of Niall of the Nine Hostages, legendary ancestress of the high-kings of Ireland." Because of this, the name has already been ruled unregisterable in August 1991.

The device is in conflict with Meredudd Brangwyn, Per saltire gules and pean, a fret argent. There is only a single CD for the changes to the field. For resubmission, please inform the submitter that the fret should issue from the corners of the shield. (07/2001)

Cait inghean ui Flannagain. Name.

Conflict with the registered name Catairiona ní Fhlannagáin. By rule V.1.a.i (Difference of given names), "Irrespective of differences in sound and appearance, a given name is not significantly different from any of its diminutives when they are used as given names." Furthermore, no documentation was given, nor was any found, showing that Cait is a period diminutive. (11/1999)

Caitlin Davies. Badge. (Fieldless) A cross patonce gules.

Conflict with the Order of Santiago (import non-SCA badge), A cross of Santiago gules. A cross patonce and a cross of Santiago are both considered artistic variants of a cross flory; therefore, there is no CD for a cross patonce versus a cross of Santiago. (03/2001)

Caitlin Donegal. Device. Purpure, two seahorses combattant, tails crossed, within a bordure engrailed argent.

This is being returned for a redraw. The engrailing on the bordure needs to be drawn much bolder. (10/1999)

Caitlin MacKenzie. Name (See PENDS for device).

Conflict with Caitlin nicCoinnich. MacKenzie is an anglicized form of mac Coinnich, making the two identical for the purposes of conflict. The submitter should also be told that mixing Gaelic and English forms in period is vanishingly rare. It would be better to have a name in either totally English or totally Gaelic forms. (10/1999)

Caitriona Campbell of Argyll. Name.

Since the Chief of Campbell is also the Duke of Argyll, the submitted name would imply membership in the immediate family of the chief. As she doesn't allow us to drop either Campbell or of Argyll we have to return this.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Caitriona of Grey Niche. (06/2000)

Caitríona inghean Aoidh. Name.

This name conflicts with Catriona Nic Aoidh, registered in December 1998.

Her device is registered under the holding name Caitríona of the Middle. (02/2001)

Calafia, Barony of. Order name Order of the Serpent’s Fang.

No evidence was presented that fang meant "tooth" in period. Barring conflict, the Order of the Serpents Tooth would be acceptable. (11/1999)

Calafia, Barony of. Order name The Order of the Serpent's Fang.

While fang was indeed used in period, it seems to have been applied only to canine animals. No new evidence was provided that a serpent's fang follows period patterns for order names — or even that it would have been a meaningful concept in period. We therefore have to deny the appeal. (07/2000)

Calontir, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Buteo Pursuivant.

The Laurel office never received any forms. (08/2000)

Calontir, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Gold Penguin Herald.

The Laurel office never received any forms. (08/2000)

Calontir, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Gyr Pursuivant.

The Laurel office never received any forms. Furthermore, contrary to what the LoI states, there is no such bird as Gyr, although there is a species named Gyrfalcon. (08/2000)

Calontir, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Harrier Pursuivant.

The Laurel office never received any forms. (08/2000)

Calontir, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Kite Pursuivant.

The Laurel office never received any forms. (08/2000)

Calontir, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Merlin Pursuivant.

The Laurel office never received any forms.

The question was raised in commentary whether this title conflicts with the literary person Merlin. However, personal names and other names are two separate categories. (08/2000)

Calontir, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Raptor Pursuivant.

The Laurel office never received any forms. Furthermore, contrary to what the LoI claims, the name is not "the name of a hunting bird from the hawk, eagle or falcon families, which were common during period". To quote Metron Ariston:

In classical and medieval Latin raptor is the term for a thief or plunderer or even a rapist, essentially anyone who seizes upon something and carries it away. The earlier English usage for this term follows that meaning. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the use of the term for the order of birds of prey would appear to be a nineteenth century usage.

The name does not appear to follow period examples of heralds' titles, any more than the synonymous Rapist Pursuivant would. (08/2000)

Canton of Kennasport. Branch name.

The documentation for Kennasport was as a spelling variant of Keneport or "Cena's port". The "e" in Cena, however, is long, so it is not appropriate to double the "n". Also the additional "s" was not used in this type of formation. Either the Middle English Keneport or the Old English Cenanport would be acceptable; however, the letter of intent stated that the canton would not accept either change.

While the forms did not include the designator Canton, the petition did. The element -port in this case can be a designator (although Corpora (V.C) then requires the group to be a military institution), or it can be a more integral part of the name similar to -ton. (02/2000)

Caointiarn Comhthaistealaí. Badge. (Fieldless) A lion couchant guardant argent.

Conflict with Ellen of Caer Seiont, Pean, a domestic cat dormant guardant argent, Kareina Talvi Tytar, Azure, vetû, a long-haired domestic cat dormant argent, and James Winter of White Forest, Per fess sable and ermine, in chief a lion dormant argent. As there is not a CD between dormant and couchant, and there is no CD for position on the field against a fieldless badge, in all cases there is only a single CD for the change in the field. (09/2000)

Captain of CLAN CHATTAN. Device. Or, a lymphad sails furled oars in saltire azure flagged gules.

While there was more general support for protecting these arms, there was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting part of a coat of arms, even if the bearer of the whole is important enough to protect. (08/1999)

Carrick MacCucharraige. Name.

Carrick is derived from a place name, and thus the name lacks a given name.

His device was registered under the name Michael of Shattered Crystal. (09/1999)

Cassandra Felicia. Device. Azure, two sheep passant respectant reguardant, on a chief argent a shepherd’s staff reversed proper.

The sheep are neither guardant nor reguardant but somewhere between the two. (09/2000)

Cassandra of the Western Green. Badge. (Fieldless) A sprig of honeysuckle gules slipped and leaved vert within and conjoined to a torse wreathed argent and vert.

The base of the sprig slightly overlaps the torse; this has long since been grounds for return. The charges should either touch without overlapping, or the sprig should be entirely on the torse. (04/2000)

Cassandra von Schwabing. Device. Azure, a sunflower Or seeded proper on a chief Or three sunflowers azure.

There is no default color for the seeds of sunflowers: sometimes they are black, sometimes brown. Therefore, we cannot register a sunflower proper. As these were colored brown, a non-heraldic tincture, we could not register it with an alternate blazon. (11/2000)

Cassandra Zoë Paganel. Device. Azure, a silkie Or headed argent, in chief on three flames Or three gouts azure.

Gouttes on flames are inherently unidentifiable. "The gout is unrecognizable as such on the flames, appearing to be a part of the flames rather than a separate charge." (Da’ud ibn Auda, LoAR August 1994, p. 16) (08/1999)

Catalina de Navarra. Name and device. Purpure ermined, a sun in splendor argent.

Unfortunately for the submitter, Catherine of Navarra or Catalina de Navarra was the sovereign queen of that kingdom in the early 1480's; she ruled jointly with her husband Jean d'Albret until 1512, when the kingdom became a part of Catalonia-Aragon.

The device is in conflict with Hieronymus Dernoma, Gyronny argent and sable, an estoile of seven points argent fimbriated sable. There is a CD for the field, but nothing for this difference between a seven-rayed estoile and a sun, and nothing for the removal of the fimbriation. (07/2001)

Catalina Oro Sol. Device. Gules, a sunburst Or issuant from clouds argent within a bordure Or.

Conflict with Cordelia Fitzrobert of York, Gules, a demi-sun in splendor Or issuant from a cloud argent. There is only one CD for adding the bordure. (03/2000)

Catelin O'Meighan. Device. Azure, a fox sejant argent maintaining in its mouth a bunch of grapes Or.

Conflict with Katya Zhdana Volkova Kievskaya, Azure, a wolf sejant ululant and in chief three crossbows argent, with a CD for removing the crossbows but nothing for the change in head position nor for adding the maintained charge. The device is also in conflict with the badge for Asne Whitewolf, registered April 2000, A wolf sejant argent. There is only a single CD for fieldlessness. (10/2000)

Catharina de Bruyn. Device. Argent chapé, a tulip purpure slipped and leaved vert.

Conflict with Dai of the Tulips, Argent, a tulip gules slipped and leaved vert. Tulips are like thistles, the slipping and leaving of a tulip makes up more than half the charge; therefore, it is the tincture of the slips and leaves rather than the tincture of the flower that is used when checking conflict. Because the plant portion of the tulip is more significant than the flower, there is not a CD for changing its tincture. Therefore there is only a single CD for the field. (09/2000)

Catharine Grenewode. Name.

Conflict with the registered name Caitlin of Greenwood. When pronounced correctly, the only difference in sound is the very minor difference between an "r" and an "l" and sometimes the difference between a "t" and a "th". Neither change is sufficient difference. (01/2000)

Catherina of Dandroy. Name.

No documentation was presented, and none could be found, showing that Dandroy is a period place name or can be constructed from period elements. We recommend as a substitution the French patronymic d'André, from Dauzat, Dictionnaire étymologique (s.n. Daudray), but did not feel we could make the change without consulting with Catherina.

Her armory was registered under the name Catharina of Londinium ad Rubrum Flumen (04/2000)

Catherine O’Herlihy. Device. Per fess wavy azure and vert, an otter statant and a pen bendwise sinister argent.

No paperwork was included for this device. (02/2000)

Catrina Mackrae. Name and device. Per fess gules and sable, a demi-sun issuant from the line of division Or and two needles in saltire argent.

The name is in aural conflict with Catríona Macraith, registered in April 1994: the given names are identical and the bynames differ only in the final consonant.

The large emblazon had the sun colored tenne. As this is not a registerable heraldic tincture, we must return the device. (05/2001)

Catriona Campbell. Name change from holding name Catriona of Grey Niche.

This conflicts with Katharine Campbell, registered in June 1988. According to RfS V.1.a, two name elements need to "differ significantly in sound and appearance" to be considered different. The difference in pronunciation between Catriona and Katharine is not quite significant enough. (05/2001)

Catriona McKenzie of Kintail. Name.

As one of the seats of the McKenzies was Kintail, by long standing precedent, using McKenzie of Kintail is presumptuous. Catriona did not allow major changes, therefore we must return the name. Her armory was registered under the holding name Catriona of Twin Moons.

Please inform the submitter that mixing a Gaelic spelling of her first name with an Anglicized (and masculine) form of her byname is at best extremely unusual. A fully Scots form of her given name, such as Catrina or Katerin, would be considerably more authentic. A fully Scots Gaelic form of her name would use a literal patronymic and not a clan name. (12/1999)

Ceara inghean Leogháin. Device. Per bend azure and vert, a winged Bengal tiger passant argent striped sable.

Conflict with a badge for the Barony of Windmasters' Hill, A winged cat passant, forepaw extended, wings elevated and addorsed, argent and with a badge for Alain FitzWilliam l'Aileleon, Per pale Or and gules, a winged lion statant argent. There is not a CD for the addition of the stripes to the tiger, therefore there is only a single CD for the change or addition of the field. (04/2000)

Cecil Dupont. Name.

The forms lacked the legal name and address or any other contact information.

Cedric fils de Guillaume. Badge for House Ironwood. (Fieldless) A sword inverted argent issuant from a stump eradicated proper.

Conflict with Dubhghlas the Scavenger, Vert, a sword inverted argent, inflamed and issuant from an oak stock proper. There is one CD for the field, but an oak stock is a stump, and the flames in Dubhghlas's device are not worth heraldic difference. (07/2001)

Ceenguled filia Dunguall. Name.

Unfortunately, the documentation for Dunguall was not summarized on the LoI: it is not sufficient to tell that the submitter has provided a copy of an article and a letter; we need to know what these documents say. As the College was unable to provide independent documentation we have to return the name as per the May 2000 LoAR cover letter. (03/2001)

Celestine de Chatham. Device. Vert chapé sable, a quatrefoil and in chief two crosses fleury Or.

Listed on the LoI as having a per chevron line of division, the location of the line of the division and the relative sizes of the charges makes this an example of chapé. Therefore, it must be returned both for using a low contrast chapé field and for charging its upper portions. If it were redrawn as Per chevron sable and vert, two crosses fleury and a quatrefoil Or, then it would conflict with Pádraig Ó Deághaidh, Per chevron sable and vert, two Celtic crosses and a stag's head cabossed Or. There is a CD for changing the type of the primary charges, but the difference between a Celtic cross and a cross fleury, while significant enough for a CD, is not substantial enough for X.2, Difference of Primary Charges, to apply. (01/2000)

Celestine of Arn Hold. Device. Per saltire purpure and vert, a swan rousant contourny argent.

Conflict with Margarete Rau, registered November 2000, Per saltire purpure and vert, a swan rousant contourny wings displayed argent. There is only a single CD for the position of the wings (displayed vs. addorsed). (12/2000)

Cerdic von Budingen. Device. Or, a ram’s head caboshed sable between three eyes gules.

The eyes used on this device did not match any known period examples. Barring evidence that this is a period depiction, this must be returned for redrawing. (06/2001)

Cesare Ambrogino Salvuzzi. Badge. Or, a sword inverted between two natural seahorses sable.

Conflict with Fergus of Ironwood, Or, a sword inverted sable transfixing a heart gules between two sea-lions respectant sable. There is one CD for changing the type of the secondary charges, but the pierced heart on Fergus’s device is so small as to be effectively a maintained charge, and therefore its removal does not give the second necessary CD. (06/2001)

Chandani bint Razi. Name.

Contrary to what the submitters claim, Chandani does not appear in Schimmel's Islamic Names; on the contrary, the evidence found by the College suggests that it is a modern non-Arabic name. (08/2000)

Charles le Verdier. Device. Per fess argent and azure, a fess counterchanged gules and argent between three elm leaves bendwise vert and a wolf courant contourny argent.

The wolf is neither passant nor courant but somewhere in between, blurring the distinction between them. Therefore the device is returned for a redraw as one or the other. (11/2000)

Charles of Whithorse. Device. Quarterly sable and gules, two horses combattant argent.

Conflict with Evandre of Middleham More, Quarterly sable and gules, a horse rampant argent. There is only one CD for the number of primary charges. (02/2000)

Charles Roberts. Name and device. Gyronny sable and Or, a cross rayonnant gules.

Conflict with Sir Charles Roberts Canadian nationalist writer and naturalist, who has his own listing in the Britannica Online.

The device conflicts with flag of England, Argent, a cross gules. We cannot give a difference for the rays because at least half of them have low contrast with the field and because they are drawn relatively small. (11/1999)

Charles the Bull. Badge. Sable, on a Celtic cross argent a thistle proper.

Conflict with Keii Gerard de Courtenay, On a Celtic cross argent, a candle vert, lit proper. There is a CD for fieldlessness, but Charles' thistle is primarily vert, so there is not a second CD for changing only the type of the tertiary charge. (07/2000)

Chief of the CLAN MATHESON. Device. Gyronny gules and sable, a lion rampant Or.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Chirhart Blackstar. Badge. (Fieldless) A mullet sable .

Conflict with Eleanor Leonard, (Tinctureless) A mullet of four points distilling a goutte. . Although the LoI indicated that the submitter had permission to conflict, such a letter was not included with the submission.

It is also in conflict with the Chronicler's badge for the Kingdom of Ansteorra, A mullet of five greater and five lesser points distilling goutes . As with the mullet of four vs. a compass star (see the June 1995 LoAR, pg. 23), the lesser points of the mullet have very little visual impact, and as mullets of greater and lesser points are not known in period, the visual difference counts. This reaffirms the precedent set in July 1990 (pg. 13). (05/2000)

Christall MacKellar. Device. Azure, a chevron between two hunting horns and a slaughteraxe Or.

Conflict with Edmund Middleton of York, Azure, a chevron between three estoiles Or. There is a single CD for the change of type of the secondary charges. (04/2000)

Christoph van den Brake. Device. Sable, in pale a compass star and a caravel argent.

Conflict with Runa Ragnarsdóttir, Sable, a drakkar argent. By long standing precedent, there is not a CD between two types of ship, therefore there is just the single CD for the addition of the compass star. (04/2000)

Ciar inghean ui Mhaoildeirg. Device. Per chevron throughout argent and vert, a stag statant at gaze argent.

Conflict with Gianni Arcieri, Per fess azure and bendy sable and argent, a stag at gaze argent. There is a single CD for the changes to the field. (12/1999)

Ciara inghaen uí Bleithir. Name.

No documentation was submitted for the patronymic, except that a similar name was registered in 1986 and 1988. Since the College could not find documentation for the element and since no evidence was provided that the submitter belongs to the immediate family of either of the earlier registrants, we have to return this. The submitter might wish to consider Beirichtir instead of Beithir.

The documentation for the given name was similarly a simple reference to prior registrations. However, Ciara appears to be a modern Anglicisation of a Latinisation of either Ciar, Ciarnait or Ceara. Finally, please note that the particle is properly spelled inghean. (06/2001)

Ciarán Grianánach. Name.

The documentation implies that the epithet refers uniquely to Ogma, champion to the Tuatha and, in some sense, the Irish analogue of Hercules. As such, it is not appropriate as a byname, so barring new evidence to the contrary we have to return it. (01/2001)

Ciarmhac Sayenga. Name.

While we allow real-world name elements in SCA names without further documentation, this is restricted to cases where "such elements are not excessively obtrusive." Combining a Gaelic Irish given name with what appears to be a non-European surname falls afoul of this restriction.

His armory was registered under the holding name Ciarmhac of Stormsport. (07/2000)

Cicilia Deldanza. Device. Gules, on a bend sinister argent between a sun in his splendor and an increscent Or, three mullets sable within a bordure argent mulletty sable.

This has a complexity count of nine. "While it is true that armory exceeding this ‘rule of thumb’ has been registered on rare occasions, these exceptions have only been made for particularly elegant proposals" (Da’ud ibn Auda, January 1994 LoAR, p. 16). "Particularly elegant" generally means that otherwise it is typical of a style of complex period armory, such as Tudor armory. With the use of dissimilar secondary charges and a bend sinister, this is not "particularly elegant". (11/1999)

Citadel of the Southern Pass, Barony of the. Badge for War Ensign of the Citadel of the Southern Pass. Pily bendy sinister azure and Or, a chalice gules.

Conflict with Phelim Gervase, Quarterly Or and argent, a cup gules. There is only one CD, for the change to the field. (10/1999)

Clare Hele. Badge. (Fieldless) A dolphin haurient argent maintaining in its mouth a vine vert.

The badge conflicts with Anton Hojen (registered November 1980), Gyronny from canton Or and sable, to sinister a dolphin haurient argent. There is the CD for fieldlessness, but nothing for position on the field versus a fieldless badge, and nothing for the held charge. (07/1999)

Clarissa Wykeham. Device change. Or, a seeblatt azure.

While the armory was lovely, Only one copy of the device form was submitted. (02/2000)

Cluny MACPHERSON. Device. Per fess Or and azure, a lymphad counterchanged, sails furled argent, in chief a hand fesswise holding a dagger and a cross crosslet fitchy gules.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Coldedernhale, Shire of. Device. Argent, chausse, a yale rampant and in chief a laurel wreath vert.

Conflict with Nicholos of the Hill Folk, Vert, on a pile argent, a dragon rampant gules. As we do not give difference between a pile and chausse, there is only one CD for the changes to the tertiary charges. (04/2000)

Colin McKenna. Device. Vert, a tree blasted and eradicated argent surmounted by a lion’s face Or.

The lion is barely overall, which has long been a reason for return. It also conflicts with Ioseph of Locksley, the Rhymer, Vert, a tree eradicated argent. There is only one CD for the addition of the overall charge. (12/1999)

Colin Tyndall de ffrayser. Badge. (Fieldless) A dragon sable, crowned Or and sustaining a banner quarterly sable and gules, seme of fraises Or.

Conflict with Micheline Elphinstone, Azure, six roses, two, two and two, Or As we do not allow a depiction of heraldic display which conflicts with registered armory, this must be returned. (09/2000)

Colin Tyndall de ffrayser. Badge. Quarterly sable and gules, all semy of fraises Or.

Conflict with Micheline Elphinstone, Azure, six roses, two, two and two, Or. There is not a CD for number of primary charges, nor is there one for arrangement. As a fraise is essentially a cinquefoil, by precedent there is also not a CD for type of primary charge. Therefore there is only one CD for the change to the field. (09/2000)

COLQUHOUN of Luss. Device. Argent, a saltire engrailed sable.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Conall in fáelchú mac Duibdarach. Device. Per fess sable and vert, on a plate a wolf couchant regardant sable.

While the wolf was drawn in a style based on period artwork (the Book of Kells), it was not drawn in any style consistent with period heraldry, nor even with any artwork used at the same time as period heraldry. The College of Arms has declined to register Celtic knotwork art, including beasts in that style, for several years.

The device also conflicts with Rhys ab Idwal, Per pale azure and sable, on a plate a wolf salient sable. There is one CD for the change to the field, but none for changing only the posture of the tertiary charge. (06/2001)

Conall of Stony Ford. Device. Or, two cats rampant respectant sable each maintaining a retort azure.

There are a number of conflicts including Flanders (important non-SCA arms), Or, a lion rampant sable. There is a CD for the number of primary charges, but nothing for the change in type between a cat and a lion and nothing for adding the maintained charges. (07/2001)

Conall Ruadh Mag Fhionnain. Device. Argent, a serpent erect contourny, a chief gules.

This conflicts with Robert de la Tor-Fraisse, Argent, a sea-serpent haurient reguardant gules. There is only one CD for the addition of the chief. An examination of the emblazon shows that Conall’s sea-serpent is in essentially the same posture as Robert’s. (07/1999)

Conan MacAindreis. Device. Gules a sword quillioned of balance pans argent, a bordure argent ermined gules.

The sword in this design looks like a part of a balance and not like a sword. Therefore this is returned for violating rule VIII.3, Armorial Identifiability. (08/1999)

Conan MacAindreis. Device. Gules, a sword quillioned of balance pans argent, a bordure argent ermined gules.

Although the sword in this submission is more recognizable as a sword than that of the previous submission, returned for the same reason, it does not remove the inherent problem that the sword appears to be part of a balance. This blurs the distinction between the two charges, making it unregisterable. (06/2000)

Conmáel ua Maelmocheirgi. Device. Per saltire gules and sable, in canton a cross of Santiago argent.

Conflict with a badge for Stephen de Huyn, A cross of Santiago argent. As Stephen's badge is fieldless, there is not a CD for position on the field, therefore there is a single CD for fieldlessness. (04/2000)

Conrad von Zuberbuehler. Household name Company of Pembroke.

This conflicts with the borough of Pembroke, which has its own entry in the Encyclopædia Britannica. As this is a direct conflict, we are not at this time making a ruling whether Company of <Place> is registerable as a household name. Also, we wish to remind the College that for conflict purposes there are two kinds of names: personal and others. Household names, therefore, can conflict with place names, order names, or titles. (02/2001)

Conrad von Zuberbuehler. Household name Company of the Pembroke Luce.

The documentation given did not show that <place name> <noun> or <surname> <noun> was a pattern given to organized groups in period. "Household names must follow the patterns of period names of organized groups of people. Possible models include Scottish clans (Clan Stewart), ruling dynasties (House of Anjou), professional guilds (Baker's Guild of Augsburg, Worshipful Company of Coopers), military units (The White Company), and inns (House of the White Hart)" (RfS III.2.b.iv). (02/2000)

Constance de Barfleur. Device. Quarterly Or and vert, in bend two frets and in bend sinister two mullets of nine points counterchanged.

This is a clear violation RfS XI3.b, Marshalling; the arms appear to be a quartering of Or, a fret vert and Vert, a mullet of nine points Or. (11/1999)

Conz von Talstadt. Device. Or, an open book between three waterwheels sable.

The book was drawn at far too much of an angle; the device must be returned for violating RfS VIII.1.c.i, Armorial Depth: "Armory may not employ depth of field as a design element." Additionally, as this would be the defining use of the charge, we would like to see evidence that this depiction of a waterwheel is a reasonable one for use in armory. (10/1999)

Cormac an Faoldubh. Device. Quarterly Or and azure, a cross counterchanged between in bend a wolf’s head erased and a fret sable.

By RfS XI.3, Marshalling, fields divided quarterly can only be displayed in a limited number of forms without creating the appearance of marshalling. This does not qualify, because there is more than one type of charge on the field in addition to the cross. As crosses were used in period as overall charges on marshalled coats of arms, adding it does not remove the appearance of marshalling. (12/2000)

Corrigan mac Cainnich. Name and device. Azure, on a cross nowy embattled Or a Celtic cross throughout sable, a bordure embattled Or.

The documentation for the given name consisted of a S. Gabriel report that says "O Corrigan is an English form of the Gaelic name Ó Corragáin. That name may derive from a given name Corrigán, but we have no evidence that such a name existed. Not all O surnames derive from given names, but Corragán certainly looks like a given name. If it existed, it was extremely rare and probably used only in the early Middle Ages." Please note that the report explicitly says that the Academy did not find evidence that the given name existed. Until such evidence is provided, we have to return this.

We have no evidence of the nowy portion of a cross being further modified by a complex line of division. We would like to see period evidence of such treatment before we will register. In resubmission, please instruct the submitter to draw the bordure at least twice as wide. (07/2001)

Corvinus filius Nennii. Name.

The documentation was not adequately summarized in the LoI. Since the College did not provide documentation either, this will have to be returned as per the May LoAR cover letter. Even after seeing the documentation submitted instead of just the summary on the LoI, it is unclear whether Corvinus is in fact a given name.

His device is registered under the holding name Daniel of the Debatable Lands. (12/2000)

Corwynn the Lost. Name.

Although names of the form X the Lost has been registered in the past, English bynames were not formed from adjectival past participles, and previous Laurels have been returning names for that reason. Da’ud ibn Auda, in the September, 1994 LoAR, wrote: "[Modifying ‘the Brown-eyed’] English bynames were not formed from adjectival past participles. We have substituted the documented form.". Given that the name already has a weirdness with the use of Corwynn, which is undocumented but SCA compatible, we are not willing to give the byname the benefit of the doubt. The name must be returned barring documentation that such bynames were found.

His armory was registered under the holding name Corwynn of Tir Ysgithr. (07/1999)

Cristina Robertsdottir. Device. Azure, a natural dolphin naiant argent and a chief wavy Or.

Conflict with Jean de la Grand' Anse, Azure, a natural dolphin embowed argent above a sun Or. There is a CD for changing the type of the secondary charges, but as the position of the chief is part of its type, there is not a second CD for changing the position of the secondary charges. (07/2001)

Cú Meda mac Dúnadaig. Device. Vert, a sword argent between two Celtic harps Or.

Conflict with John of Gravesend, Vert, a sword palewise proper, surmounted at the tip by a helm affronty argent. There is a CD for the addition of the secondary charges but nothing for the removal of the maintained helm from John's device. (07/2001)

Cuhelyn Cam vap Morcant. Badge. (Fieldless) A bull’s head cabossed sable armed and ringed argent.

Conflict with the Dukes of Mecklenburg (important non-SCA arms), Or, an ox’s head cabossed sable crowned Or. The depictions of the crown we found are not large enough to be worth difference, in part because the crown is Or on an Or field. (06/2001)

Cuhelyn Cam vap Morcant. Badge. (Fieldless) A cross crosslet argent surmounted by a dragon’s head couped gules.

The dragon's head is barely overall which would be reason for return even if this badge had a field. Furthermore, as the badge is fieldless, it violates the current precedent banning overall charges on fieldless badges except in designs involving long skinny charges where the overlap is small. This has been in effect since the November 1992 LoAR. (07/2000)

Culloch MacUalraig. Name.

The documentation for Culloch did not show that it was a given name. Not all names used after mac in Irish or Scottish Gaelic are given names. In this case Culloch appears to be a descriptive byname. Bordure Herald suggests the name Cellach, which is a given name dated in Black, Surnames of Scotland, to 937. (12/1999)

Cunradt Schöll von Frankonia. Name and device. Argent, a bend azure between two domestic cats salient respectant sable.

We were unable to find any evidence for Schöll as anything but an element used in parts of other names, although Bahlow, A Dictionary of German Names, does list the name Scholle in 1207. Furthermore, we were unable to find any evidence that the German form of Franconia could have been Frankonia instead of Franken. Thus Cunradt Scholle von Franken would be registerable, but the submitter allowed no changes.

The device conflicts with Honor of Restormel, Argent, a bend azure between two lozenges sable. There is a single CD for the change to type of secondary charges. In addition, please advise the submitter to draw the cats as cats instead of kittens. (10/1999)

Cyrille Robert. Badge. (Fieldless) A sagittary sable.

Conflict with Manus O'Kean, Checky Or and gules, a sagittary passant sable. There is only a CD for changes to the field. (06/2000)

Dafydd MacDonald. Badge. (Fieldless) A greyhound’s head erased argent.

This was pended from the November 2000 LoAR for a discussion as to whether we should give a CD between a greyhound and a wolf. The commentary was strongly in favor of keeping the current practice, thus the badge is in conflict with the badge for William of Hoghton, Sable, a grey wolf’s head erased proper. There is a CD for fieldlessness, but a grey wolf’s head is effectively an argent head, and, by the discussion noted above, there is not a CD between a wolf and a greyhound. See the cover letter for a more thorough discussion. (06/2001)

Dafydd Ó Nuallain. Badge. Or, in pale a fleam inverted and a roundel vert within a bordure rayonne azure.

This is returned for several reasons. First, the rayons on the bordure are too small and too numerous. Second, the fleam is poorly drawn, and with the inversion it is not recognizable as a fleam. Finally, the combination of the fleam inverted and the roundel creates the appearance of a single charge — a question mark — instead of two separate charges. (11/1999)

Daibhidh Clàrsair. Device. Per bend sinister purpure and sable, a rose slipped and a sword crossed in saltire argent between four harps Or.

This is being returned for a redraw. The harps need to be drawn with a distinct sound board, as this is the feature that best identifies the posture of the charge. As drawn, we were unable to determine the orientation of the charge beyond knowing that it was not the default orientation. (04/2000)

Dairine of Oak Hill. Device. Per pale sable and argent, on a gout three gouts, one and two, all counterchanged.

This is being returned for a redraw. The primary and tertiary charges are not drawn as gouttes, which have a distinctive neck. (01/2000)

Daniel Archer the Bear. Device. Per pale Or and vert, a bear sable and a lion Or combatant within a bordure embattled counterchanged.

The addition of a bordure does not remove the appearance of marshalling, as required in RfS XI.3. Because the bordure is counterchanged the coat is a legitimate impalement of Or, a bear rampant contourny sable within a bordure embattled vert and Vert, a lion rampant within a bordure embattled Or. The embattling does somewhat reduce this appearance, but, as complex bordures were used for cadency on quartered arms, we believe that embattling the bordure is insufficient to remove the appearce of marshalling for impaled arms as well. (07/2000)

Daniel Fitzgerald. Device. Vert, a chevron between three lozenges argent.

Conflict with Caitlyn Emrys, Vert, a chevron between three peacocks pavonated to base argent, and Harrys Rob of Wamphray, Vert, a chevron between three winged spurs argent. In each case there is only a single CD for changing the type of the secondary charges. (03/2001)

Darbie of Ironmaid. Reblazon of device. Per pale sable and argent, two dragons statant erect respectant counterchanged breathing flames proper, a chief per pale ermine and counter-ermine.

We do not blazon tails in this position (curled loosely underneath). If she redraws the device so that the tails are coward, then we can include the tail position in the blazon. (12/2000)

Darius Methodius. Device. Per chevron inverted Or and azure, three elephants one and two counterchanged.

The line of the division is not blazonable:

The field is not really chaussé, it is not per chevron inverted, it is not a pile, it is not a chief triangular; being somewhere between all of these, we really don't know what it is. Chaussé issues from the corners of the chief and would touch the base point of the shield; per chevron inverted would issue from the sides of the field (rather than the chief corners); a pile would issue from farther in on the chief (rather [than] from the corners) and would almost touch the base point of the shield and would not have room for a charge beneath it; and a chief triangular would not descend the field nearly so far as the one here does. Please have them choose one and reemblazon it properly. [The device was returned for this problem alone] (October 1990 LoAR, p.21, s.n. Shire of the Storm). (06/2000)

Darius von Tannenberg. Device. Argent, five piles inverted in point throughout gules overall a cross clechy fitchy sable.

The identifying portions of the cross lie primarily on the gules piles making the type of cross unidentifiable. (11/1999)

Darkstone, College of. Device. Per fess indented gules and sable, a laurel wreath and in chief a roundel Or.

First, there was no petition submitted for the device. Second, the laurel wreath is not closed (or even nearly so), and if it were, there would be no room for a roundel. A properly drawn laurel wreath should not have sufficient room between its tips to place another charge. Third, if properly drawn, the laurel wreath will overlap the complex line of division enough that identifiability is reduced. (02/2000)

Darkwater, Barony of. Order name Defender of Darkwater.

This name has no designator, such as Order or Award. It needs a designator to be registerable, under RfS III.2.b. Note that it is appropriate to name someone the Defender of Darkwater without registering the name; it is a reasonable generic description similar to Champion. (11/1999)

Darkwater, Barony of. Order name Order of the Defender of Darkwater.

This conflicts with the already registered names Order of the Defenders of Mons Tonitrus and Order of the Defenders of the West. Also, while such order names have been registered in the past it is not clear that this construction follows real-world examples. (06/2000)

David of Moffat. Badge. (Fieldless) A demi-lion rampant erased argent gorged of a coronet of three points azure and maintaining an escutcheon gules.

Conflict with Roger de Bremble, Per pale sable and gules, issuant from a torse argent and sable a demi-lion erect argent, grasping in its dexter paw a sprig of bramble vert, fimbriated argent. There is a CD for fieldlessness (of David's badge) and there is not a CD for the change of the maintained charges. There is also not a CD for the addition of the coronet to David's badge, a demi-lion is large enough that such a change is insignificant as it would be for a whole beast. Finally, the torse in Roger's badge is not significant enough to count as a co-primary.

There is another issue to consider with this badge: whether it is sufficiently different from his real world crest, A demi-lion rampant Argent gorged of a coronet of four fleurs-de-lis (one and two halves visible) Azure holding between his paws an escutcheon Gules. The Administrative Handbook (III.A.9) states No name or device will be registered to a submitter if it is identical to a name or device used by the submitter for purposes of identification outside of a Society context. This includes legal names, common use names, armory, trademarks and other items registered with mundane authorities that serve to identify an individual or group...Any change that causes a blazonable difference between mundane and Society arms is sufficient to allow registration by Laurel. A crest falls into the other items category so this badge must have a blazonable difference to be registered. David of Moffat argued that it differed in two ways: that the coronet on his badge is a default coronet of three points and thus different from the coronet of fleurs-de-lys, and that his badge had a demi-lion erased, while the reasonable assumption for a crest is that the demi-lion is couped. While it has been true that the default coronet is a simple coronet of three points, we have for a while now been allowing the blazon coronet to be used with any period depiction of a coronet that is not otherwise reserved, e.g. a coronet could not be drawn as an embattled coronet unless the owner of the armory was a Count or Countess. Thus the difference between a coronet and a coronet of four fleurs-de-lys is not sufficient to make two pieces are armory non-identical. There is, however, a blazonable difference between a coronet of three points and a coronet of four fleurs-de-lys so we have increased the difference between the badge and crest by explicitly blazoning the type of crown.

As for the erasing of the demi-lion, the evidence provided was convincing that a demi-beast issuant from the torse would not normally be drawn as erased, thus the erasing of the lion is also a blazonable difference. Therefore, if there were no conflict, this badge would be (barely) sufficiently different from David of Moffat's real-world crest to allow registration. (04/2000)

David Warren Rouffier of Monmouth. Device. Azure, a talbot statant, on a chief argent a mullet of six points between two triskeles vert.

Conflict with Aileen Fitzwilliam, Azure, a fox passant and on a chief argent three increscents azure. There is only a single CD for the multiple changes to the tertiary charges. (10/2000)

DAVIDSON of Tulloeh. Device. Argent, on a fess azure between three pheons gules a stag lodged Or, in chief a hand gules.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Deille of Farnham. Device. Vert, a chevron between three cats sejant guardant Or.

The device conflicts with Penelopee of the Quill, Vert, a chevron between two hawk’s bells and a quill pen Or. There is only one CD for the change in type of the secondary charges. (07/1999)

Deirdre of Gaul. Device. Argent, in pale a bird displayed head to sinister sable and a triangle voided purpure.

Conflict with Manfred, King of Sicily (important non-SCA arms), Argent, an eagle displayed sable. There is a CD for adding the triangle, but nothing for the difference between the two birds.

Furthermore, please instruct the submitter in future submissions to draw the bird with visible legs. (10/2000)

Demetrios Kantakouzenos. Device. Per pale checky pean and Or and checky erminois and sable.

From the June 1992 LoAR (p. 14): [Per pale lozengy Or and vert, and lozengy argent and purpure] "Using two completely different pairs of tinctures on opposite sides of the per pale line of division seems to go well beyond Period practice here... We need documentation that this many colors on a field is a Period style before we may register it." No evidence has yet been found; furthermore, the strong visual resemblence between both sides reduces identifiability make the device even more unlikely. (04/2000)

Denys the Decadent. Name change from Dennis of Greenway.

No documentation was provided for the byname, and the College could not find any. In fact, according to the Oxford English Dictionary the word decadent first appears in the 19th century. (06/2001)

Deporodh Percehaie. Name.

No hard evidence was given that Deporodh was indeed used as a given name in period, either by the submitter or the College.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Deborah Percehaie. (09/2000)

Derdriu ingen Muiredaig. Device. Argent, a panther rampant guardant sable spotted of diverse tinctures incensed gules, on a chief purpure three moths close argent.

The moths on the chief were not in a standard heraldic posture. While the posture in which moths are often found in nature, none of the College was able to devise a blazon to accurately describe it. Because armory must be blazonable, this must be returned. (04/2001)

Derdriu ingen Muiredaig. Name.

This is in aural conflict with Derdriu ingen Mhurchadha, registered in May 2000. (12/2000)

Deredere inghean Chananaich. Device. Per chevron argent and vert, two thistles crossed in saltire inverted proper and an hourglass argent framed Or.

The thistles must be distorted to the point of unrecognizability to get them to cross in saltire. (12/1999)

Derek Fallon Rathbourn. Device change. Quarterly sable and gules, on a compass star argent a wolf’s head cabossed sable vomiting flames proper .

Conflict with a badge for Anthony the Sinister, On a mullet of ten points argent a pheon sable , Fine of Clare, Per pale azure and gules, on a sun argent an estoile of eight rays sable , and Thomas von Leipzig, Quarterly sable and gules, on a sun argent a two headed eagle sable, a label argent . In the first two cases, there is only one CD for the changes to the field. In the third, there is a CD for the addition of the label. In none of these cases is there a CD for the changes to the tertiary charges or a CD for the type of the primary charge. (05/2000)

DeWayne of Locks. Name and badge. Per pale sable and vert, a mullet of four points within a bordure engrailed argent.

Listed on the letter of intent as DeWayne Locks (actually DEWAYNE LOCKS), the forms had the preposition.

DeWayne is the submitter’s middle name, not his given name. A Middle name is treated by type: if it is structurally a given name it can be used as a given name, but if it is structurally a surname it can only be used as a surname. DeWayne is structurally a surname so cannot be used as a given name. Also we would need to see documentation showing that Locks can be used with the preposition of.

The badge requires a redraw; the bordure is much too thin and needs to be a least three times thicker. (10/1999)

Diana of Llanberis. Device. Gules, a dextrochere Or semy of hearts gules, the hand cupped proper maintaining a plate.

No device forms were submitted to Laurel. Furthermore, the hand was depicted edge on. This has been disallowed for arms (see the April 2000 LoAR, p. 18), and the standard references do not show this position for dextrocheres either. (01/2001)

Diana of Silverton. Name.

No paperwork was included with the submission. (10/1999)

Dietrich Schneewolf. Device. Vert, three snowflakes in bend between two wolves statant argent.

Blazoned as escarbuncles of six, the emblazon clearly shows the charges to be snowflakes, which have been disallowed since the cover letter of the August 1994 LoAR. While not a cause for return, please also inform the submitter that the motif three <X> in bend between two <Y> is at best extremely rare in period armory, and we recommend that the submitter choose a more authentic design. (04/2000)

Dirk de Tovenaar. Name.

The byname means "Wizard" and thus violates RfS VI.2: "Names containing elements that allude to powers that the submitter does not possess are considered presumptuous". Barring evidence that he is a wizard, or that this byname was used by normal humans in period, we have to return this.

His device has been registered under the holding name Dirk of Tir Ysgithr (03/2001)

Domhnall Ó Coileáin. Device. Per pale azure and sable, a mace Or.

Conflict with the badge for the Constable (Kingdom of the West), Azure, a flanged mace Or. There is only a single CD for the change to the field. (10/2000)

Dona de Grove. Name and device. Per bend embattled vert and sable, in sinister chief a crescent bendwise sinister Or.

As the name as a whole means 'Lady of Grove', this submission violates section VI.1 of the Rules for Submissions. For the same reason we cannot form a holding name by the standard method of combining her given name with her SCA branch, either. Thus the device must be returned as well. (06/2000)

Donald MacDonald. Name.

We are not entirely sure the present-day authors Donald MacDonald, Donald F. MacDonald and Donald L. MacDonald, cited in commentary, are important enough to protect. Da'ud ibn Auda wrote, in the March 1992 LoAR on a case of a conflict against a modern author: His name is apparently too recent to appear yet in any of our standard sources, but he is clearly well known enough to warrant protection. (Even Lord Laurel who has read none of his works, is familiar with all the titles mentioned by the commenters.) We are not confident that any of the cited authors are that well known. It doesn't matter, however, since the name is also in aural conflict with Ronald MacDonald of hamburger fame, who is well known enough to protect.

The device was registered under the holding name Donald of Lindenwood. (09/2000)

Donatien Delaborde. Device. Per fess argent and azure, two ferrets statant counterchanged.

These are not ferrets; several commenters and Laurel staff thought these looked like cats. Ferrets have pointed faces, do not have a prominent breastbone, and have their neck entering the back of their head rather than the bottom. (10/1999)

Donwenna Beast Healer of Hawksheye. Household name the Company of Saint Anne.

No documentation was submitted for this name. Since the College did not provide such documentation either we have to return it. (07/2001)

Döregene Naran. Badge. (Fieldless) A bottle-nosed dolphin haurient contourny azure maintaining in its mouth a garden rose proper.

This violates Rule VIII.4.c, Naturalistic Depiction: "Excessively naturalistic use of otherwise acceptable charges may not be registered. Excessively natural designs include those that depict animate objects in unheraldic postures, use several charges in their natural forms when heraldic equivalents exist, or overuse proper..." The combination of a natural dolphin and a garden rose, neither of which were known in period heraldry, is excessive. If she used a heraldic dolphin or a heraldic rose (preferably both), the device would then be acceptable. (02/2000)

Dorio of the Oaks. Device. Sable, an oak tree eradicated argent charged with a lozenge gules.

Conflict with Cherie Ruadh MhicRath of Locksley, Vert, on a tree eradicated argent, a cat herisonny guardant gules and Phillip MhicRath of Locksley, Vert, on a tree eradicated argent, a crescent gules. There is one CD for the field, but nothing for changing only the types of the tertiary charges. (10/1999)

Dorion of Whispering Oaks. Name.

This was an appeal of the October 1999 registration of Dorio of the Oaks. The submitter argues that since there have been five registrations of bynames of the form of [the] Whispering X the construction should be considered SCA compatible.

Unfortunately for the submitter, none of these earlier registrations are of [the] Whispering Oaks. They also are all at least seven years old. Given these considerations, we would require a substantially larger number of prior registrations.

The submitter also appeals the change of the given name from Dorion to Dorio, and cites Fraser and Matthews, Lexicon of Greek Personal Names, which has four citations of Doron. However, no documentation was provided for the desired form, and the College could not find such documentation. (06/2001)

Dougal O’Sirideain. Device. Per saltire sable and gules, on a plate a Celtic cross conjoined to a Thor’s hammer gules.

The device technically violates rule XI.4, Arms of Pretense: "Armory that uses charges which themselves are charged in such a way as to appear to be arms of pretense is considered presumptuous. Period and modern heraldic practice asserts a claim to land or property by surmounting an individual's usual armory with a display of armory associated with that claim. Such arms of pretense are most commonly placed on an inescutcheon or lozenge, but may also appear on other geometric charges such as roundels, cartouches, etc. For this reason, such charges may not be charged in such a way as to suggest independent arms. Such charges may not contain an ordinary that terminates at the edge, or more than one charge." The device contains two charges on a roundel.

In addition the conjoining of the Celtic cross and the Thor's hammer made both charges hard to identify. (07/2000)

Dougal of Landewednak. Device. Vert, a wyvern contourny and a bend sinister enhanced argent.

The bend sinister is far too enhanced to be registerable, barring evidence of the use of this motif in period armory. This motif has been reason for return for many years, for example see September 1992 LoAR (p. 37, s.n. Keridwen of Caermarthen). (06/2000)

Douglas the Indecisive. Name.

The earliest citation in the Oxford English Dictionary for indecisive is dated 1726, well after our period.

His device has been registered under the holding name Douglas of Ostgardr. (06/2001)

Dragon’s Rest, Shire of. Name and device. Quarterly sable and argent, a dragon passant Or impaled by a sword proper all within a laurel wreath Or.

No one was able to find documentation that -rest was used as an element in place names. Clarion said it best:

Place names in period were on the whole very literal, consisting of a location noun ("wood", "cliff", "church") with some modifier.

Most of the time, these modifiers were fairly straightforward. The farm belonging to Eadric. The high hill. However one can find the occasional modifier that’s more fanciful. English nomenclature does include a place name modernly spelled Drakelow, meaning "dragon’s mound", and appearing to derive from a local belief that dragons used to be there.

The location nouns tended to be even more straightforward than the modifiers. The definitions of rest given in the LoI are all very figurative. However, in the Compact OED we find some period meanings of rest that could be location nouns, specifically "place of resting or residing... residence... abode" (c.1200). This later comes to a meaning more or less like a hotel.

I can see forming a place Newrest (the new house, or new hotel) or Whiterest or some such. I can see that a possible myth might have grown up about a dragon living on a hill in the past, since a hill is obviously a long standing part of the geography. However rest only seems to make sense in a place name as a residence in the sense of building, and this doesn’t seem appropriate with dragon as a modifier. ("The hotel where the dragons used to stop on their way to London"?) If we use the metaphorical sense of ‘abode’ rather than the literal sense, we’re back to an uncomfortably metaphorical place name.

As we do not form holding names for groups, the armory must be returned as well. Furthermore, the mostly argent sword is unidentifiable against the argent field. (08/1999)

Dragonmarch, Shire of. Device. Quarterly sable and argent, a dragon passant Or impaled on a sword inverted bendwise proper all within a laurel wreath Or.

The petition did not include a description or picture of the proposed arms. In addition, we are concerned about the identifiability of the sword, as it is almost completely covered by the dragon. (12/2000)

Dragonsspine, Barony of. Order name Order of the Dragon’s Pheon.

This name is being returned because it does not follow period style of order names, nor does it follow the pattern of previous order names of the barony. The relevant order names are the Order of the Dragon’s Blood, the Order of the Dragon’s Claw, and the Order of the Dragon’s Grace. In the first two cases, dragon modified a noun that referred to a part of a dragon’s body. In the last case the noun was highly abstract. Therefore we must judge the order name on its own merits. Dragon’s is not a reasonable adjective to modify a pheon. (08/1999)

Drakkarfjord, Canton of. Name and device. Gules a drakkar Or, the sail charged with a laurel wreath vert and a base barry wavy of four argent and azure.

We are returning the name because the word drakkar has not been documented as a Norse (or any Scandanavian) word. It appears that the word was not used in period. Lind (Norsk-Isländska Personinamn från Medeltiden, col. 202) shows the late medieval personal name Draki with a genitive form Draks so Draksfjord looks to be a likely name.

The device must be returned as holding names cannot be created for groups. (08/1999)

Drogo of Axbridge. Device. Per saltire sable and gules, a sun in its splendor Or.

The device has multiple conflicts including Wendryn Townsend, Azure, a sun in glory Or, and the flag of Macedonia, Gules, a sun Or. (07/2000)

Dugald MacRath. Name.

Conflict with the registered name Dougal MacRae. The documentation for the name implies that both names, being variants of each other are pronounced similarly. (01/2000)

Dùghall Bàn of Clann Mhuirich. Name.

Bynames of the type of Clan X, not found in period, have been disallowed since late 1998. We would therefore dropped that element; however, as he allows no major changes we have to return this. (06/2000)

Dulcinea Hurtado de Mendoza. Name and device. Gules, on a chevron inverted Or three escallops sable.

The given name Dulcinea appears first in Miguel Cervantes Saavedra's Don Quijote. Unfortunately, the first volume of the novel was published in 1605. Furthermore, even in the book Dulcinea was not the person's real name but instead a "romance" name given by Don Quijote to his love.

The device was withdrawn by the submitter. In addition, it conflicts with Kökö Erdene, Gules, on a chevron inverted Or a lozenge azure. There is but a single CD for multiple changes to the tertiary charges. (04/2000)

Dun Carraig, Barony of. Badge. (Fieldless) On a compass star gules a cross botonny argent.

The badge conflicts with Drstha Maida of the Lowara, Argent upon a sun gules a dexter hand apaumy couped argent. There is only the CD for fieldlessness. (10/1999)

Dún na Laoich Ór, Stronghold of. Branch name and device. Per pale vert and azure, a laurel wreath argent, in base two daffodils slipped in saltire, a chief embattled Or .

The name, meaning 'Fortress of the Golden Warriors,' isn't very plausible as a period Scots or Irish place name. Metron Ariston notes that the vast majority of place names beginning in Dun seem to be descriptive in nature, referring to a salient feature of the fort (e.g., its color or location). In a lesser number of cases, the Dun is combined with the name of an individual associated with the fort in history or legend. Relatively rare are names like Dumbarton deriving from groups of people (in this case from Dun Breatuin or Fort of the Britains) and even there we could not find any that do not use a proper noun.

The laurel wreath was incorrectly blazoned as Or on the letter of intent, but as groups cannot use holding names, the device cannot be pended but must be returned. (05/2000)

Dun Or Barony of. Order name The Order of the Gilded Antelope.

No documentation was submitted for the construction of this order name — it is not sufficient to show that the individual words were used in period, one must demonstrate that the overall name is formed in a period manner as well. As the College did not provide such evidence either we have to return this. (03/2001)

Duncan MacAngus. Name.

This is in conflict with Donnchadh MacAonghais, registered in February 1995. His device has been registered under the holding name Duncan of Stormsport. (09/2000)

Duncan MacKinnon of Strathardale. Name.

Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme, as Laurel, ruled in March 1993:

We will continue to prohibit the use of a Scots clan name with the seat or territory of that clan (e.g. Cameron of Lochiel), or a surname with the phrase of that Ilk (or its functional equivalent, e.g Macintosh of Macintosh). That usage, with or without the given name, is the title of the actual chief of the clan or his immediate kin; its use in the SCA represents a direct infringement on actual nobility, and also appears to be a claim to rank, either of which is grounds for return. (March 1993 Laurel meeting, pp. 7-8).

Strathardale is a clan seat of the MacKinnons, so the name must be returned as presumptuous.

The device was registered under the name Duncan of the Bridge. (08/1999)

Duncan Silverwolf McTyre. Badge. Per pale vert and azure, a boar statant contourny argent.

Conflict with Muireann ní Riordáin, A boar passant to sinister argent. There is only one CD, for fieldlessness. (07/1999)

Dunstan le Heryngmongere. Device. Azure, two fish haurient embowed respectant, a bordure engrailed Or.

The fish are drawn in a modern style, appearing cartoonish. Fish heads are not separate from their body and do not have exaggerated faces. (09/2000)

Eadward Boicewright. Name.

I can do no better than quote Nebuly:

Contrary to the LoI, Boicewright is NOT a construct similar to Boatwright (builder of boats) or Wainwright (builder of wagons), since according to Reaney & Wilson (s.n. Boyes), the name Boice derives from a) Fr bois 'wood', b) ME 'young man' or 'servant', or c) 'knave, rogue, wretch'. None of these items is a thing that would be constructed from parts.

His device has been registered under the holding name Eadward of Forgotten Sea. (06/2000)

Ealasaid Nic Shuibhne and Robert de Bere. Joint Badge. Gules, a sealion erect argent tailed Or.

Conflict with Kieran Storn, Gules, a seabull rampant argent, tail nowed Or. There is a CD between the two charges, but while there is substantial difference between a bull and a lion, there is not a substantial difference between the two sea-beasts as the sea tails sharply reduces the difference between the two. Therefore they are not clear by RfS X.2, Difference of Primary Charges. (07/2001)

Ealdormere, Kingdom of. Acceptance of transfer of heraldic title White Mantle Pursuivant from the Kingdom of the Middle.

This was not listed in the titles transferred from the Middle. (10/1999)

Ealdormere, Kingdom of. Badge for the Order of Orion. Or, on a fess sable three mullets Or.

Conflict with the flag of Meridies, Argent, on a fess sable a crown of three points between two mullets argent (reblazoned elsewhere on this letter). There is a CD for the field, but as less than half the type of the tertiary charges have changed, we cannot only count the tincture which is insufficient for a second CD. (10/1999)

Ealdormere, Kingdom of. Badge for the Order of the Crucible. Per pale argent and sable, an athanor enflamed counterchanged.

The flames were drawn as fimbriated, which has not been allowed for some time. Additionally, we would prefer that the athanor be drawn in the usual flat style and not in three dimensions. Furthermore in this depiction, the athanor was not distinguishable from a tower; in all previous registrations, the athanor had a retort atop it, which immediately identified it as an alchemical tool. We are not certain if the athanor requires the retort, but it is definitely a helpful aid. If a retort is not added and the flames are drawn properly, then there will not be a CD between the athanor and a tower, so the device will conflict with the following: Cynthia Lloyd of Hightower, Per pale argent and sable, a tower and in chief three roundels counterchanged, Dierk zem Grauen Wolf, Per pale argent and sable, a tower between in chief two swords counterchanged, and Gunter Wahlstedt, Per pale argent and sable, a tower between three crescents counterchanged. (10/1999)

Ealdormere, Kingdom of. Badge for the Order of the Scarlet Banner. Argent, a pile wavy gules.

Conflict with Bronwen Ruath, Argent, a pile wavy gules surmounted by a panther salient guardant sable, spotted argent, incensed Or. The spots of panther are part of its tincture, so there is only a CD for removing the overall charge. The badge is also in conflict with Chandos (important non-SCA arms), Or, a pile gules, with only a single CD for changing the pile to wavy. (10/1999)

Ealdormere, Kingdom of. Order name The Order of Manus.

The name "of hand" does not make any sense and does not follow any pattern for order names. Either Order of the Hand or Ordo Manus would be acceptable, barring conflicts. (10/1999)

Easaraigh, Shire of. Device. Per pale vert and Or, a sun in his splendor within a laurel wreath counterchanged.

We have returned a number of "laurel wreaths" that are actually two sprigs in saltire in the past. This device has the same problem; a laurel wreath should be a wreath; i.e., it should be circular or nearly so. This must be returned for redrawing. Also, while not grounds for return, please inform the submitters that the rays of a sun usually fill the available space on the outline of the center orb. (01/2000)

Éblenn ingen meic an Úcaire. Name.

No evidence was given showing that Éblenn was ever a name used by humans in period. The submitter may wish to consider the attested name Eibhlin. (12/1999)

Edericke Lorry. Device. Sable, eight swords in annulo points to center argent.

Conflict with Sosha Lyons O’Rourke, Sable, eight swords four in cross and four in saltire points to center argent overall two lion’s heads erased addorsed Or. There is only one CD for the removal of the overall charge group. The device is also in conflict with the badge for Balthazar Thornguard, Sable, a sword inverted argent, the blade enflamed proper. As the tongues of flame are not large enough to count for difference, there is only one CD for the change of number of primary charges. (01/2001)

Edward of Wyvernskeep. Name.

No documentation was provided to demonstrate that Wyvernskeep is a reasonably constructed placename. The College could not provide such evidence either.

His device has been registered under the holding name Edward of Crescent Moon. (06/2000)

Efa Gath fach. Device. Barry wavy azure and argent, a dolphin haurient Or.

Conflict with Beatrice Delfini, Per chevron argent, ermined gules, and azure, a dolphin haurient embowed Or. There is a CD for the field, but nothing for the difference between haurient and haurient embowed. (06/2001)

Egan Taitnyssagh Smilebringer. Name.

The name has several problems. First, the first byname is not really documented except as a modern Manx word. Second, the combination of Manx with Anglicized Irish, while registerable, is not generally found as a period practice. Third, and most importantly, the last byname does not really follow the cited examples of Norse bynames; it looks like something out of a modern fantasy novel. The submitter might consider the English byname Smiles, found as a header spelling in Reaney and Wilson.

His device was registered under the holding name Egan of Atenveldt. (07/2000)

Eibhlin Macewan. Name.

This conflicts with Eibhlín MacEogan, registered last month. (11/2000)

Eileen Dover. Device. Vert, two badgers combattant argent marked sable between in chief a roundel checky sable and argent and in base a dance Or.

No evidence was presented for the abasement of the dance. As drawn, it looks more like a fimbriated base, which not allowed. (08/2000)

Eilidh Og. Name.

The documentation provided is not adequate to demonstrate that the name Eilidh was used in period. The documentation only listed Eilidh as a modern name and did not address its historical use. (11/1999)

Einar Ulfson. Device. Sable, a schnecke issuant from sinister chief argent.

Conflict with Peter Schneck, Sable, a schnecke issuant from dexter chief argent. There is but a single CD for the orientation of the schnecke. (06/2000)

Eirikr inn kengr. Device. Per fess wavy argent and azure, a natural dolphin naiant azure.

Conflict with André of Stormhold, Argent, a whale naiant azure. There is a CD for the field, but nothing for the forced change in position on the field and nothing for the difference between a natural dolphin and a whale. Please also inform the submitter that the fess line should be drawn closer to the center line of the shield. (03/2000)

Eiríkr Þorvaldson. Name and badge. (Fieldless) A coney courant and another courant contourny inverted conjoined at the paws argent.

The name conflicts aurally with Eric Thorhallson. Also, the correct form of the byname would be Þorvaldsson.

The rabbits were originally blazoned as conjoined in annulo. However, the beasts were not drawn in annulo, where the two animals are embowed, but were drawn as courant and courant inverted. By precedent we do not register inverted animals unless they are part of an arrangement in annulo. (10/2000)

Elaine Flamme. Device. Azure, three open books within a bordure invected argent.

This is being returned for a redraw. The bordure is too thin, and the invections need to be bigger and bolder. (10/1999)

Eleanora Stewart. Device. Sable, chapé barry wavy argent and azure, a crane maintaining a key argent.

Conflict with Rosamund of the Misty Meadows, reblazoned elsewhere in this letter, Purpure, a heron close maintaining in its dexter talon a rose argent barbed and seeded gules. There is a CD for the field, but an examination of the emblazon of Rosamund's device shows that the rose is maintained and thus there is not a CD for changing it to a key. (08/2000)

Elina of Beckenham. Device. Gules, a griffin segreant queue-forché Or, perched on its dexter claw a raven displayed sable, maintaining in sinister claw a rose Or slipped and leaved vert.

While the submitter has permission to conflict with Hugh the Undecided, Gules, two griffins segreant addorsed Or, Kiera Loch Beldragon, Gules, a griffin segreant maintaining a harp Or, a chief urdy erminois, Morgan ap Siarl, Gules, a griffin segreant ermine maintaining in its dexter foreclaw a cross of four lozenges Or, and the badge for Nerissa Meraud de la Fontaine, Gules, a griffin passant to sinister bearing in its sinister talon a goblet Or, the device is still in conflict with Degary Golafre of Pembroke, reblazoned in July 2000, Quarterly sable and gules, a griffin segreant coward maintaining in its dexter talon a Celtic cross and in its sinister talon a sword inverted Or and Gavin Flandre, Gules, a griffin segreant checky argent and azure. Against Degary, there is only a single CD for the change to the field. Against Gavin, there is only a single CD for the change to the tincture of the griffin. In addition, it may conflict with registered armory that uses a hippogriff as the primary charge. (09/2000)

ELIOTT. Device. Gules, on a bend [engrailed] Or a baton azure.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Elisabeth de Calais. Name.

This is a nice name. Unfortunately, it also conflicts with Elisée de Calais , registered in December 1998. Section V.1.a.i of the Rules for Submissions says that a given name is not significantly different from any of its diminutives, and, while Elisée is not in a strict ethymological sense a diminutive of Elisabeth , it is often used as one.

Her device was registered under the holding name Elisabeth of Northkeep . (05/2000)

Elisabeth MacAlester of Kintyre. Device change. Per pale argent and azure, three fleurs-de-lys within a bordure counterchanged.

The fleurs-de-lys were not drawn as any known form of fleur-de-lys and were indeed not recognizable as such. This is being returned for redrawing. (01/2000)

Elissa Dondain. Badge. (Fieldless) A bunch of grapes purpure slipped and leaved vert enflamed Or.

Conflict with Aliena Searover, (Fieldless) A cluster of grapes purpure leaved vert. There is a CD for fieldlessness, but nothing for the enflaming. (06/2001)

Elizabeth of Roxbury Mill. Device. Or, a bird migrant sable between three roses one and two gules.

Conflict with a number of arms, including Germany (important non-SCA arms), Or, an eagle displayed sable. There is not a CD between generic birds displayed or migrant and an eagle displayed; therefore there is only a single CD for adding the roses. (02/2001)

Ellen Fraser. Name.

This conflicts with the registered name of Eileen Fraser.According to the Rules for Submissions, section V.1.a.i, "Two given names are significantly different only if they differ significantly in sound and appearance". While the difference between the pronunciations of Ellen and Eileen is not altogether insignificant, it would make this a borderline case. However, they do not differ significantly in appearance.

Her device is registered under the holding name Ellen of Blatha an Oir. (04/2000)

Ellen of Reading. Device. Argent ermined vert, a bear statant erect contourny sable, a bordure azure.

No device forms were sent to Laurel. In addition, the devie is in conflict with Barra Dubh Fitzedward, Argent, a bear rampant to sinister sable within a bordure azure. There is no difference between statant erect and rampant, so there is only a single CD for changes to the field. (01/2001)

Eloise of Tree-Girt-Sea. Device (See ACCEPTANCES for Name). Argent masoned sable, on a bend sinister azure a unicorn’s horn argent.

Only one copy of the device form was submitted. (02/2000)

Elsa von Heilbronn. Device. Argent, on a pale wavy azure between two roses proper a cross bottony argent within a bordure azure.

The bordure was far too thin to be identifiable — from a distance it appeared to be outlining. The submitter should also ensure that the cross does not touch the edges of the pale. (08/1999)

Elvegast, Canton of. Badge. Argent, a bend sinister of five fusils conjoined gules.

Conflict with Sarsif the Red, Argent, a bend sinister indented, a bordure gules. There is a CD for the removal of the bordure, but as a bend sinister of fusils is an artistic variant of indented, there is not a CD between it and a bend sinister indented. (04/2001)

Emma de Lyons. Badge. (Fieldless) A crescent argent.

Conflict with William Gregor Grant, Per chevron embattled azure and gules, in sinister chief a crescent argent. As Emma's badge has no field, it is not possible to indicate position on the field, thus there is only a single CD for fieldlessness. (04/2000)

Emma Grey. Name.

This conflicts with Emma Grey, registered in April 2000.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Emma of Carolingia. (06/2001)

Endless Hills, Barony of. Badge. Per fess indented azure goutty d’eau and vert, a pheon within a bordure Or.

This is being returned because the overlying charge obscures the low contrast complex line of division enough that identifiability is lost. (08/1999)

Endless Hills, Barony of. Badge. Per fess indented azure goutty d’eau and vert, a lamp enflamed Or within a bordure compony argent and Or.

This is being returned because the overlying charge obscures the low contrast complex line of division enough that identifiability is lost. Furthermore, this badge violates rule VIII2.b.iv, "Elements evenly divided into multiple parts of two different tinctures must have good contrast between their parts." We do not allow charges compony of two metals. (08/1999)

Eoghann MacAindreis. Device. Vert, a pall inverted between three yew trees eradicated argent.

Conflict with Eric von Charlottenburg, Vert, a pall inverted between three mullets of four points argent. There is only one CD for the change in type to the secondaries. (12/1999)

Eos Du. Name.

To quote Metron Ariston:

As far as I can determine, Eos was never used for a human being in the classical period or later, unlike Aurora, Hercules, Dionysia or Diana. Hωσ or Eos in Greek had the primary meaning of dawn or daylight or daytime. Only in a very secondary manner was the term used for a goddess, the personification of dawn. Indeed, unlike more popular Greek gods who produced theophoric names like Apollodorus or Heracles (Hercules), Eos does not seem to have spawned any names at all in classical Greek. Since most of the names adopted by the classical humanists (e.g., Mars, Hercules and Diana) were from the Latin store and involved deities or demigods who appeared in or were associated with the legendary genealogies of the Roman period, the use of Eos would be highly unlikely. Using it with a Gaelic epithet is even more unlikely. (If someone were going for a humanist name, they would be much more likely to go for a Latin translation with the same meaning. Here it would be likely to be nigra, i.e., black.) (03/2000)

Eric Raven. Name.

Conflict with the registered name Eric Ravn. His armory was registered under the holding name Eric of Forth Castle. (01/2000)

Erich Turmschlager. Name.

No evidence was given that ‘destroyer of towers’ would be a reasonable German epithet. Since the College was unable to find such evidence either, we are returning the name.

His device has been registered under the holding name Erich of Tirnewydd. (01/2001)

Eridana Ambra Dragotta. Badge. (Fieldless) A compass star elongated to base pierced quarterly Or and argent.

Current precedent is that we only allow the piercing of charges on fieldless badges when those charges were found pierced in period armory (thus disallowing omni-tinctured tertiary charges). While a compass star is closely related to a mullet, it is nevertheless a different charge, one not found in period armory. Therefore we are not inclined to give it the benefit of the doubt and allow it to be pierced as we would a mullet or spur rowel. (01/2000)

Erik Kastanrazi. Device. Gules, in saltire a ladle inverted and a battle-axe argent hafted Or.

Withdrawn by the submitter. (10/2000)

Etain und Ruprecht von Tielwasser. Name.

This name has several problems. First, it mixes German and Gaelic elements. Second, the submitter provided no evidence that und, which is the normal German word for "and", was used in a patronymic construction. The College was not able to find such evidence either. Finally, as Metron Ariston put it,

As far as Tielwasser is concerned under Tilbeck, Bahlow (Deutschlands geographische Namenwelt, pp. 482 - 483) shows the river T(h)iele, but I have been unable to find a clear pattern for the use of wasser as the second element in this formation. Most of those in Bahlow use something like beck or bach. If she used a similar-sounding German feminine name like Adine, I could buy into something like Adine Ruprecht von Tiele.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Etain of Atenveldt. (03/2001)

Etienne de Saint Amaranth. Device. Per bend enhanced purpure and argent, a lit candle argent and a love-lies-bleeding flower gules, slipped and leaved vert.

There is insufficient evidence for the period use of per bend enhanced to register it. The documentation listed a single example in Foster's Dictionary of Heraldry, and that was a case of per bend sinister enhanced with only one charge in base, not two charges. Other examples provided were all examples of displaced bends We also need to see documentation for the loves-lies-bleeding as a period plant because it is the first registration of the charge. (06/2000)

Evet von Drachenklaue. Name and device. Argent, a dragon segreant azure within a bordure sable.

The byname was documented from a web site titled Magische Welt Ija Marcar, under Der dritte interaktive Netzroman. That is, "The Magical World Ija Marcar", "The Third Interactive Net Novel". While fantasy novels are not acceptable as documentation, a case was made for the byname as a hypothetical constructed locative as well. The given name was only documented as an English byname, and we would have changed it to the German given name Evert. However, no forms were sent to Laurel, so we have to return it. (11/2000)

False Isle, Shire of. Device. Per chevron argent goutty de poix and vert, in base a mermaid tergiant head to dexter with sinister hand open and raised Or, crined and tailed maintaining in the dexter hand an axe all within a laurel wreath argent.

No petition was received with this submission; a petition is required for all group device submissions. In addition, the mermaid is in a non-heraldic posture. We know of no examples of humanoids or other mammals with their backs facing the viewer. (10/1999)

Fand Mac Cailin. Name.

While the given name appears in Ó Corráin and Maguire's Irish Names, they say it comes from mythology, the wife of the sea-god Manannán mac Lir. Barring evidence that the name was used by humans in period we have to return this. In addition to this, the byname is in a masculine form, inappropriate with a feminine given name. (07/2001)

FARQUHARSON of Invereauld. Device. Argent, a fir tree growing out of a mount proper. For augmentation, on a chief gules the banner of Scotland displayed. For second augmentation, on a canton overall argent a dagger inverted held by a hand issuant from sinister proper.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Fasach Mor, Canton of. Name.

No petition of support was included with the submission. Also, the submitter might want to know that the name means 'Great Meadow'; fasach is both a masculine noun meaning 'field' and a feminine noun meaning 'wilderness'. To get the intended meaning 'Great Wilderness' one would have to use the feminine fasach and therefore also a feminine form of the adjective. This would give Fasach Mhor as the name with the desired meaning. (07/2000)

Fearann na Crìche, Canton of. Device. Azure, an oak tree eradicated argent between three laurel wreaths Or.

The petition did not include any description of the device. (09/2000)

FERGUSSON of Kilkerran. Device. Azure, an oval buckle argent between three boar’s heads couped close Or.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Feyerwary Ersebet. Device. Per chevron inverted embattled argent and gules, in chief a bat displayed sable.

We can do no better than to quote Da’ud ibn Auda, as Laurel, in his October, 1999 LoAR: "The field is not really per chevron inverted; it is not chaussé, it is not a pile, it is not a chief triangular; being somewhere between all of these, we really don’t know what it is. Chaussé issues from the corners of the chief and would touch the base point of the shield; per chevron inverted would issue from the sides of the field (rather than the chief corners); a pile would issue from farther in on the chief (rather [than] from the corners) and would almost touch the base point of the shield and would not have room for a charge beneath it; and a chief triangular would not descend the field nearly so far as the one here does." The device must be redrawn to be one of the above forms.

This device is equally close to Gules, on a pile embattled argent, a bat displayed sable, and as such conflicts with Domhnall Eroyces, Gules, on a pile embattled argent, three ravens close sable. There is only one CD for the changes to the tertiary charges. (07/1999)

Findlaech MacAlasdair. Device. Gules, a compass between three fleurs-de-lys Or, a bordure per pale and per saltire Or and sable.

The fleurs-de-lys were not drawn as any known form of fleur-de-lys and were indeed not recognizable as such. This is being returned for redrawing. It would also be much better if the submitter used a bordure compony. (01/2000)

Fíne ingen Áeda. Device. Or, a triskelion and on a chief gules three mullets of six points argent.

The primary charge is not a triskelion, and no one could suggest a reasonable blazon for it. (04/2000)

Finé Macrennie. Device. Gules, on a chief Or three gouttes de sang.

Conflict with Anton LaFlamme de Saint Aubin, Gules, on a chief Or three mullets pierced azure, with only a single CD for the multiple changes to the tertiary charges. (07/2001)

Fiona ingen Griogair. Name.

This conflicts with Fiona MacGregor, registered in March 1985.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Fiona of Artemisia. (07/2001)

Fiona ingen ui Fhaolain. Device. Or, a pharaoh hound statant sable.

Conflict with the badge for the Guardians of the Crossroads (Madoc Arundel), Chevronelly argent and gules, a hound passant sable, and Robert of Lahinch, Vert, an Irish Wolfhound statant sable, fimbriated Or. There is not a CD for fimbriation; therefore in both cases there is a single CD for the changes to the field. (07/2000)

Fionn Ua Néill. Badge. Per saltire vert and argent, a chess pawn within a mascle throughout counterchanged.

The Pictorial Dictionary of Heraldry states that the standard modern depiction of chess pawns, as seen here, was not found in period. Therefore this must be redrawn using a period form of chess pawn. (01/2000)

Fionn Ua Néill. Device. Vert, a chess pawn argent, a chief argent fretty vert.

The Pictorial Dictionary of Heraldry states that the standard modern depiction of chess pawns, as seen here, was not found in period. Therefore this must be redrawn using a period form of chess pawn. (01/2000)

Flora Monswife. Name and device. Gules, on a chamfron argent a thistle slipped and leaved proper, in chief three compass stars elongated to base argent.

Mons is Danish; therefore it cannot be combined with the English -wife. Furthermore, there does not seem to be a way in Danish to indicate that Flora is Mons’s wife, therefore we could not correct the byname. Lastly, the documentation for Flora is borderline; it would be better to use Floria, dated to the 13th century England, or Flore, dated to Renaissance France.

The thistle is not a standard heraldic thistle. Furthermore, the chamfron is a sufficiently difficult charge to identify that charging it makes it unidentifiable. (11/1999)

FORBES, Lord Forbes. Device. Azure, three bears’ heads couped argent muzzled gules.

Despite greater support than most, there was still insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. I would like to see evidence either that Lord Forbes is important enough to protect under the "mans" school, or that his arms are otherwise prominent. (08/1999)

Francesca da Bari. Device. Vair, a swallow volant sable and a mountain of three peaks vert.

The sable swallow is unidentifiable on the vair field. (11/1999)

Francesca di Simoneti. Device. Azure semy of roses Or, a cat sejant argent .

No forms were submitted for the device. (05/2000)

Franziska Geredrudis Kesselheim. Device. Gules, a pall inverted Or between two unicorns combattant argent and a natural tiger couchant argent marked sable.

The name was returned in February 2000, in part because we received no name forms. Without the name forms it is not possible to know if the submitter will allow the formation of a holding name. Therefore we must return the device as well. (03/2001)

Franziska Geredrudis Kesselheim. Name.

Withycombe, used to document the given names, does not date Franziska. The closest period form we could find was Francesca, in Italy. However, as no forms were received we have to return this submission. (02/2001)

Frederich Holstein der Tollhase. Device. Per bend sinister purpure and vert, a cow rampant ermine rising from flames proper.

This device is returned for having a charge partially overall another charge; the cow was drawn half on the flames and half off. A cow rising from flames would be like a phoenix; i.e. a demi-cow issuant from flames. (It is also a discouraged charge, as I know of no examples of anything besides phoenixes being treated this way.) Furthermore, the flames were drawn as fimbriated, which has not been allowed for some time. (09/1999)

Frederich Holstein der Tollhase. Device. Per chevron rayonny Or and sable, two Jerusalem crosses sable and a cow rampant ermine.

There are far too many rayons in the line of division to make this consistent with period practice. A typical per chevron rayonny line would have about seven or eight rayons; this has four times that many. Furthermore, the submitter should draw larger and fewer ermine spots on the cow. (11/2000)

Freydís in tryggva Sigurðardóttir. Device. Or, a chevron between three ravens those in chief respectant sable .

This was withdrawn by Rouge Scarpe because the ravens were not drawn as indicated on the Pennsic worksheet (which requested Or, a chevron between three ravens sable ); a correctly drawn submission will be submitted instead. (05/2000)

Friesland, Barons of. Device. Azure billetty fesswise, in pale two lions passant Or.

No evidence was given that the Barons/Barony of Friesland was an independent entity, nor that it is otherwise important enough or familiar enough to protect. See the Cover Letter for more details. (12/2000)

Gabriel de Beaumont. Device. Per pale sable and azure, a dexter wing and a sinister wing argent.

Conflict with Francois le Féroce, Per chevron vert and argent, in chief two wings addorsed argent. There is one CD for changes to the field, but none for the change of the location of the wings, as the location of Francois’ wings is forced. (06/2001)

Gabriela Silvana. Device. Vert, a tree blasted and eradicated argent, a chief doubly enarched checky purpure and argent.

Conflict with Ioseph of Locksley, Vert, a tree eradicated argent. There is no CD between a tree eradicated and a tree blasted and eradicated, as noted in the August 1994 LoAR (Ælfwine Akeworthe, p. 18). This is because there are period depictions of trees with only a few leaves. Therefore, there is but a single CD for the addition of the chief. (07/2000)

Gabriella da Milano. Device. Per pale Or and azure, a rose counterchanged.

Conflict with the badge for Tangwystyl verch Rhiwallon Ogwr, (Fieldless) A double rose per pale azure and Or. There is only a single CD for adding the field. (05/2001)

Galen of Bristol. Device change. Gules, a bend wavy between two double-bitted axes Or, as an augmentation on the bend a mullet of five greater and five lesser points sable.

The waves on the bend are far too flat to be registerable. Furthermore, as we protect both the augmented arms and the unaugmented arms, a device change and an augmentation must be submitted as two separate actions. (10/2000)

Galienne la Bourgoingne. Device. Vert, a sun argent eclipsed sable.

The device has a number of conflicts including Fine of Clare, Per pale azure and gules, on a sun argent an estoile of eight rays sable. A sun eclipsed is considered equivalent to a sun charged with a roundel, so there is a CD for the field, but not a CD for changing only the type of the tertiary charge. (06/2001)

Gareth Kincaid. Badge. Per saltire argent and gules, an armorer’s hammer reversed sable.

No forms were received for this submission. In addition, the badge is in conflict with Lughaid Eamon MacDiarmid, Or, chaussé ployé vert, a smith’s hammer sable. There is a CD for changes to the field, but none for reversing the hammer, as some hammers are symmetrical and all have relatively little difference between the two sides. (06/2001)

Gareth Kincaid. Device. Per pale sable and argent, on a sun a Celtic cross, a bordure counterchanged.

The forms that were sent to Laurel were for a different submission, Per pale argent and sable, on a sun a Celtic cross counterchanged, which is in conflict with Jennet of Twominds, Per pale argent and sable, a sun in his splendor throughout of the field, rayed and featured counterchanged. (06/2001)

Gareth of Falcon’s Keep. Device. Azure, a pall inverted argent between two garbs Or and a barrel palewise argent.

Conflict with Kelwin Ratslayer, Azure, a pall inverted argent between two panthers rampant addorsed Or, marked sable, and a rat couchant argent. There is only a single CD for changing the type of the secondary charges (11/1999)

Gaston de Poitou. Device. Sable, a sun in glory argent, a bordure Or.

Conflict with Alexandra of Elentil, Sable, a mullet of eight points argent, a bordure gules, fimbriated argent. There is not a CD between a mullet of eight points and a sun, nor is there a CD for the fimbriation, thus there is only a single CD for changing the tincture of the bordure.

The device also conflicts with Rudolf von Tarnenheim, Sable, a compass star throughout gyronny of sixteen argent and sable, fimbriated argent, within a bordure Or. There is one CD for the tincture of the primary charge, but none for a compass star versus a sun, nor for the charge not being throughout, nor for removal of the fimbriation. (06/2001)

Gavin Cambell. Device. Azure, on a bend sinister rayonny between two gouttes Or three acorns slipped and leaved azure.

There are far too many rayons on this bend; we would normally expect to find between five and seven and there were more than twice that many. (10/1999)

Gelderland, Dukes of. Device. Per pale azure and Or, two lions combattant counterchanged Or and sable.

No evidence was given that the Dukes/Duchy of Gelderland was an independent entity, nor that it is otherwise important enough or familiar enough to protect. See the Cover Letter for more details.

Furthermore, no evidence was presented that the roll of arms known as Gelre was named for the Dukes of Gelderland rather than just for the title of the herald who produced the roll. (12/2000)

Geneviève de la Loire. Device. Vert, three estoiles Or.

Conflict with Alissende du Soleil Vert, three suns Or. There is a CD between suns and estoiles but not the substantial difference needed for X.2 (Difference of Primary Charges) to apply. (07/2000)

Geneviève de Lyon. Name and device. Azure, two swords crossed in saltire proper, on a chief wavy argent a fleur-de-lys azure.

No name form was included in the submission. As we have no name form, we must return the device as well. (03/2000)

Geneviève de Saint-Cirq-Lapopie. Device. Purpure, a sun Or eclipsed by a moon in her plentitude azure between three compass stars argent.

The device contains two similar but not identical charge types on the field: suns and compass stars. This has been disallowed for some time as the combination reduces the distinctiveness and thus the identifiability of both charges.

As with other forms of eclipsing, a sun eclipsed of a moon in her plenitude is registerable (as the equivalent to on a sun a moon in her plenitude) but a discouraged practice. (06/2001)

Geneviève del Gamba. Device. Azure, a decrescent within an orle of fleurs-de-lys argent.

Conflict with Diana de Savigny, Azure, a decrescent within seven trees in orle argent. There is only a single CD for the change in type of the secondary charges. (08/2000)

Genevieve Gabrielle Plubel d'Avon. Device. Purpure, a horse's head couped argent gorged of a collar Or, a bordure Or semy of grapes purpure.

The head is not gorged of a collar, but rather is issuant from a collar lying along a diagonal. As we have neither any examples of couping on a diagonal, nor any examples of animal heads emerging from a collar, the device is two steps from period practice. Please inform the submitter that couping is a horizontal line, and that the collar should be parallel to and above the line of couping. (04/2000)

Geoffrey Biedermann. Device change. Quarterly sable and Or, a Maltese cross throughout argent between four hearts, points to center, counterchanged.

The combination of distorting the shape of the Maltese cross to place charges between the arms of the cross, the marginal contrast between the argent charge and the Or quarters, and placing the cross throughout eliminated the identifiability of the primary charge. (02/2000)

Geoffrey de la Dale. Device. Argent, a bend sinister gules between two double-headed eagles displayed sable.

Conflict with Alejandro Ramirez Mendoza, Vair, a bend sinister gules between two falcons displayed sable. There is a CD for the field, but nothing for the difference between the secondary charges. (09/1999)

Geoffrey Montgomery. Name.

His legal name is Jeffrey Montgomery; your primary persona name must differ at least slightly from your legal name. His arms were registered under the holding name Geoffrey of Sunderoak. (04/2000)

George Anne. Device. Vair, a cat passant guardant herissony sable.

Conflict with William the Silent Or, a natural panther passant guardant sable. There is not a CD between passant and herissony. Furthermore, the cat was not identifiable against the vair field. (01/2000)

Gertraud von Wuerzburg. Badge. Quarterly argent and vert, a cross bottony gules.

Conflict with William de Rouen, Per pale argent and Or, a cross crosslet fitchy gules. There is a CD for the field, but by Laurel precedent, there is not a CD between a cross crosslet fitchy and a cross bottony. (12/1999)

Gethyn Tal mab Cadwygaun. Badge. Vert, semy of gendy flowers Or, a tower argent.

There has been only one registration of a gendy flower, and that was in 1979. Therefore, before I am willing to register the charge again, I need proof that either it is a reasonable heraldic charge or that Gethyn can register it under the grandfather clause, i.e, that Gethyn is a close relative of Alma Tea av Telemark. (11/1999)

Ghislaine d’Auxerre. Transfer of Badge to the Kingdom of Caid. (Fieldless): A spur fesswise Or.

The owner indicated that the transfer was accidentally included on the LoI. (07/1999)

Gilliam van Taetsrade. Device. Gules, on a bend sinister between six spearheads argent a sagebrush branch proper.

Conflict with the arms of Lebanon, Gules, on a bend sinister argent a cedar tree palewise proper. There is a CD for adding the secondary charges, but by current precedent, a branch is not substantially different from a tree. Furthermore the spearheads are not recognizable; most commenters said they looked like triangles rather than weapon heads. (09/2000)

Ginevra Bagnesi da Diacceto. Badge. (Fieldless) Two swans naiant addorsed conjoined and issuant from base, wings elevated and addorsed, argent charged with three chevronels braced vert.

Fieldless badges cannot be issuant from base as there is no "base" to issue from. Also, the combination of conjoining and charging with chevronels may be considered two weirdnesses by themselves. Lastly, please insure that the chevronels, if used, are placed entirely on the swans. (01/2000)

Ginevra da Cunha. Device. Per chevron throughout azure and argent, two chalices and a ship counterchanged.

Conflict with Laurenz aus Waldum, Per chevron azure and argent, two chalices argent and a cluster of grapes, slipped and leaved, proper. The precedent that allows changes to the bottommost of three charges arranged two and one explicitly limits the amount of difference to one CD; therefore there is only a single CD for multiple changes to the bottom third of the device. The device is also in conflict with Aelfhaelen Dracasið, reblazoned elsewhere in the LoAR, Per chevron ployé azure and argent, two chalices argent issuing wildflowers Or and a chalice issuing wildflowers azure. Neither the wildflowers nor the use of ployé are significant enough to generate difference, leaving only one CD for the changes to the bottom of three charges. (03/2001)

Giovanni de Moncellis. Device. Per bend wavy gules and sable, a single-bitted battle-axe facing sinister and in chief two estoiles argent.

This is being returned for having charges overlying a low contrast field with a complex line of division. The axe itself is not the problem; its overlap is minor enough to maintain identifiability. With the estoile in chief, however, the line of division becomes fatally obscured. (06/23/1999)

Gisla Rodumna. Household name House White Hart.

The household name is in conflict with the inn of White Hart. While none of the real-world inns of that name is important enough to protect under our current rules, the one featured in Arthur C. Clarke's Tales from the White Hart is. (11/2000)

Gleann Abhann, Principality of. Badge. Argent, a lit oil lamp sable within a bordure gules.

The flame is actually on a flame Or fimbriated gules, a flame gules; we have not allowed this depiction of flames for some time. In resubmitting, the client should include documentation for this form of lamp.

This was listed as for the College of Gleann Abhann, but no such group exists. In conversation with Pennon, the badge was intended for use by a collegium or university, which should not have used the designator College. (10/2000)

Gleann Iaruinn, Canton of. Device. Per chevron inverted gules and sable, a chevron inverted between two laurel wreaths Or.

No petition of support was included with this submission. (07/2000)

Godric the Gallant. Device. Per chevron sable and azure, a pall inverted argent between two mullets each within and conjoined to a decrescent Or and a unicorn’s head couped contourny argent.

The device uses three different charges in the same group of secondary charges and therefore violates RfS VIII.1.a, Armorial Simplicity. (11/1999)

Godwin FitzGilbert de Strigoil. Name.

This violates RfS VI.3:

Names that unmistakably imply identity with or close relationship to a protected person or literary character will generally not be registered.

By combining FitzGilbert and de Strigoil, he is claiming to be either the grandson of Gilbert FitzGilbert, first earl of Pembroke, or the brother of Richard FitzGilbert, second earl of Pembroke. Both of these gentlemen have their own entries in the Encyclopaedia Britannica and are therefore important enough to protect; Strigoil was their primary seat. Dropping either FitzGilbert or de Strigoil would make the name registerable, barring conflict, but he did not allow us to do this.

His device has been registered under the holding name Godwin FitzGilbert. (10/2000)

Golda ferch Deiniol. Device. Per chevron vert and Or, two suns in their splendor Or.

Conflict with Valeria Valkenaer, Per pale gules and sable, in chief two suns Or. There is only a single CD for the field. (12/1999)

Gottfried von Köln. Device. Checky Or and gules, a bird rising contourny sable maintaining a lightning bolt bendwise sinister argent.

Conflict with Sebastian Johann Stroh, Argent, vêtu ployé gules a hawk striking to sinister sable. There is a CD for the field, but nothing for the difference between a hawk and a generic bird, nothing for the difference between striking and rising, and nothing for the addition of the maintained charge. (07/2001)

Gottfried von Mainz. Device. Argent, three dragon’s heads erased gules, a bordure embattled vert.

Conflict with Llywelyn ap Gwyn of Anglesey, Argent, three dragon’s heads couped within a bordure embattled gules. There is not a CD for erased vs. couped, thus there is only a single CD for changing the tincture of the bordure. (05/2001)

Gradlon Friant Braz. Name.

The evidence found by the College seems to indicate that Gradlon is an unique name for a legendary King who is not clearly human. Barring evidence to the contrary we therefore have to return the name. (01/2001)

Grainne of Aileach. Device. Per bend sinister embattled argent and purpure, a raven rising wings displayed sable and a raven rising to sinister wings displayed argent.

Conflict with the badge for Caellyn Shadowhawk (Anika Gael Quicksilver), Per bend sinister argent and sable, in bend two hawks rising addorsed, wings displayed, counterchanged. As rising is a reasonable posture for both ravens and hawk, we would normally give a CD for the change of type of the bird. In this case, however, each raven is drawn so that its head lies on one of its wings which obscures the features that make them identifiable as ravens. It is likely that this particular wing position would be returned even if there were no conflict as the posture is in somewhere in between rising and rising wings displayed, blurring the distinction between the two postures, as well as reducing the identifiability of the type of bird. (02/2001)

GRANT, Lord Strathspey. Device. Gules, three antique crowns Or.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Gregor der Verdammt. Name.

No evidence was supplied as to why 'the Accursed' would be a reasonable byname. Even if such evidence had been found, the grammatically correct form would be Verdammte. (06/2000)

Griffin of Lochlan. Name.

The submitter documented Lochlan as Scots Gaelic for Norway and thus requested the byname as a lingua anglica form. The problem is that Gaelic did not use bynames of the form "of <placename>." In Gaelic, nationality was shown by using an adjectival form, e.g., instead of "of Norway" they used "Norse". Thus, there is not a Gaelic version of the byname that can be translated. As the submitter allows no changes, we must return the name.

Given that Griffin is English and Scots, we recommend two possibilities. If the submitter wants to be from Norway, a Scots form of the locative is of Norroway. If the submitter wants Lochlan, then Lachlann is a period Scots byname derived from the Gaelic given name Lachlan. Thus Griffin Lachlann would be registerable, but the name would mean either that Griffin was the son of Lachlann or, depending on the time, that Lachlann was an inherited surname. (03/2000)

Griffin Porthor. Name.

The name was submitted on old forms. The armory was registered under the name Richard of Wind Keep. (09/1999)

Grigorii Elisseyevich. Badge for Harvey Bastien. Or, a chevron inverted and in chief two roundels, a bordure sable.

This was not submitted on a badge form, but a device form, and the submitter already has a device.

Several commenters observed that this submission resembled a "smiley face," but the inclusion of a bordure and a chevron inverted (rather than a chevron inverted couped or a crescent) makes this (barely) acceptable. (02/2000)

Groeningen, Barons of. Device. Or, on a double-headed eagle sable an escutcheon argent charged with a fess vert.

No evidence was given that the Barons/Barony of Groeningen was an independent entity, nor that it is otherwise important enough or familiar enough to protect. See the Cover Letter for more details. (12/2000)

Gudrun Bogsveigir. Device. Quarterly gules and azure, a wolf’s head erased within a bordure argent.

Conflict with Conrad of Northfield, Sable, a wolf's head erased within a bordure argent, with only a single CD for changing the field. (07/2001)

Guillaine Rosalind de Gaulle. Device. Argent, a horse rampant sable and a tierce gules.

Conflict with Aleta Ara of Helsgard, the Cruel, Argent, a horse salient sable upon a base embattled gules. The line of division is considered part of the charge by rule X.4.e, Type Changes, so there is only a single CD for changing the type of the peripheral charges. (06/2000)

Guinevere of Lyonesse. Name.

Lyonesse exists only in legend and is thus not a place anyone would describe themselves as being from.

Her armory was registered under the name Guinevere of Altavia (03/2000)

GUNN. Device. Argent, a lymphad in full sail atop a ford proper, on a chief gules a triskelion of armored legs between two mullets Or.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Gunnar de Blacwode. Device. Gyronny sable and gules, on a cinquefoil argent a castle sable.

The device violated RfS VIII.2.b(iv) "Contrast Requirements — Elements evenly divided into multiple parts of two different tinctures must have good contrast between their parts." A gyronny field must have good contrast between its parts. Furthermore, as drawn, the cinquefoil is unrecognizable. (09/2000)

Gunnar of Jomsborg. Badge. Or, in pale a dragon’s head couped vert and a drakkar sable, sailed gules.

The badge conflicts with the Lord of Lorne of Old (important non-SCA Arms), Or, a lymphad sable. There is a CD for the addition of the dragon’s head, but none for the type of ship. (07/1999)

Gunther von Lindenwald. Device. Barry bendy argent and azure, a trident bendwise sinister sable, overall a dolphin hauriant gules.

The sable trident was unidentifiable at any distance against the field. (10/1999)

Gunther von Lindenwald. Name and device. Barry bendy argent and azure, a trident bendwise sinister gules, overall a natural dolphin haurient sable.

The device was withdrawn by the submitter. (07/1999)

Gustav Jamesson. Device. Argent ermined vert, a squirrel rampant gules maintaining a mug sable.

Conflict with Peregrine Fairchylde, registered May 2001, Vair, a squirrel rampant gules. There is a CD for the field, but nothing for adding the maintained charge. (07/2001)

Gwenafwy Sinclaire. Badge. Azure, a seahorse and a base rayonny argent.

Conflict with Eilonwy Andereth, reblazoned elsewhere in this letter, Azure, a unicornate sea-horse erect reguardant argent. There is only a single CD for the addition of the peripheral charge. (04/2001)

Gwendolyn of Aaron Isles and Aldred Blackwood. Joint household name House Gaping Maw.

No evidence was given that this name follows the pattern of inn names or of the name of any other standard groups that are used to justify household names. (08/1999)

Gwendolyn of the Isle of Wight. Name and device. Per bend sinister sable and azure, a bend sinister argent between a mullet within and conjoined to a decrescent Or and a unicorn rampant contourny argent.

No evidence was given to show that of the Isle of Wight, as opposed to of Wight was a reasonable form of the locative. The locative itself is dated to 1332 in Reaney and Wilson, Dictionary of English Names in the form de Wight. As the submitter allowed minor but not major changes, we cannot correct the locative. Furthermore, as of the LoAR cover letter of August, 1995, we do not accept the spelling Gwendolyn, although we do accept Gwendolen.

The device uses three different charges in the same group of secondary charges and therefore violates RfS VIII.1.a, Armorial Simplicity. (11/1999)

Gwenhwyvar verch Gwillim ap Peeter. Device. Vert, a pomegranate argent.

Conflict with Katherine Lynten of CaerLeon, Per bend sinister rompu argent and gules, in sinister base a pomegranate slipped and leaved argent, seeded gules. As Katherine’s pomegranate is forced to base there is not a CD for position on the field, and neither the slipping and leaving nor the tincture of the seeds generate difference. Therefore, there is a single CD for the field. (03/2000)

Gwenlliana de Verdun. Name.

No forms were sent to Laurel. (12/2000)

Gwynneth Wenche of Wight. Device. Per bend sinister Or and azure, a wooden tankard proper.

This device is being returned for contrast problems. The primary identifying element of the brown tankard, the handle, lies completely on the azure portion of the field (the elaborate carving was completely invisible from five feet away), rendering the whole unidentifiable. (07/1999)

Gyldenholt, Barony of. Badge. (Fieldless) A tree within and conjoined to an annulet Or.

The tree is not within and conjoined to the annulet; it is slightly overall. This type of "slightly overall" charge has long been a cause for return. (06/2000)

Gyldenholt, Barony of. Household name Guardians of the Golden Grove.

No evidence was provided either by the submitters or the College that this would follow any of the known period patterns for the names of fighting units. (06/2000)

Gylmyne Ardrossane. Device. Argent, a dragon segreant vert breathing flaming gules within a bordure azure.

Conflict with Erik of Flamewood, Argent, a wyvern erect vert maintaining an oak leaf and a fireball gules, and Minimoto Akataro, Argent, a dragon rampant vert holding in the dexter forepaw a Latin cross trefly Or. In both cases there is nothing for the maintained charges, and there is no difference given between a wyvern and a dragon (the wyvern being simply a continental variant of the dragon), therefore there is only one CD for the addition of the bordure. (01/2000)

Haleya Olofsdottir. Name.

Unfortunately for the submitter, Geirr Bassi does not actually say that all Old Norse male names can be feminized. His example of Helgi ~ Helga is especially irrelevant in this case since Helgi is a weak masculine and Háleygr is a strong one; that is, their declinations are quite different. Since none of our sources show a feminine form of Háleygr or a pattern of similar feminizations we have to return this.

The submitter should know that metronymics, like the submitted one (which would be grammatically correct as Ólöfardóttir), were extremely rare in the Viking culture. Essentially, a metronymic byname signifies not only a bastard but one whose father is not even known. She might consider the similar-sounding patronymic Óláfsdóttir instead.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Haley of Atenveldt. (07/2000)

Hannah bat Isaac de Toledo. Device. Purpure, on a bend sinister cotised argent an ivy vine throughout vert.

This is returned for a redraw under Rule VIII.4, Excessive Modernity. No evidence was presented, nor could we find any, that this depiction of ivy is either heraldic or naturalistic. (06/2000)

Hans Faust von Bamberg. Name.

This is a resubmission of a Laurel return for conflict with Johann Faust, better known as Doctor Faustus, a significant legendary character. Hans is a diminutive of Johann, so something else was needed to clear the conflict. The submitter tried to add a locative byname von Bamberg. Unfortunately for him, however, Bamberg is the home city of Dr. Faust. Just as Julie Capulet of Verona would conflict with Juliet of Romeo and Juliet fame, this submission still conflicts with the Doctor. (10/2000)

Hans Faust. Name.

Conflict with Johann Faust, better known as Doctor Faustus, a significant legendary character. Hans is a diminutive of Johann. (02/2000)

Harold Thorgoodson von Rheinhold. Device. Per bend sable and argent, a dragon salient vert incensed gules wings elevated and addorsed Or between a Greek lamp lit argent and an armorer’s hammer bendwise sable.

The dragon is in an unblazonable posture. It is not volant as originally submitted, nor is it properly salient (given the position of the legs). Furthermore, please inform the submitter that placing a complex charge between two dissimilar charges appears far more often in the SCA than it did in period. (03/2000)

Havre des Glaces, Shire of. Device. Azure, a lymphad Or charged on the sail with a laurel wreath vert, in chief 3 fleurs-de-lys argent and in base a ford proper.

The petition lacked either a description or a picture of the device. (10/1999)

Helmut Kruger. Device. Per chevron throughout Or and gules, two standing balances and a lion rampant counterchanged.

Conflict with Andrew Kelson MacLaine, Or, on a pile inverted cotised gules, a Bengal tiger rampant argent, marked sable. Helmut’s device could as easily be blazoned Or, on a pile inverted between two standing balances gules a lion rampant Or. Therefore there is no change in tincture only of the tertiary charges. After consideration we also decided that because a pile should be drawn as throughout, or nearly so, the cotises count as two charges. Therefore there is only a single CD for the change in type of the secondary charges. (09/1999)

Helmut zu Jülich. Household name Haus Alt-Jülich.

No documentation was provided for the hyphen. We would have registered this either as Haus Alt Jülich or Haus Altjülich, but the submitter did not allow us to make any changes whatsoever. (01/2001)

Hidden Mountain, Barony of. Award name Award of the Indigo Mountain.

Indigo was not used as an adjective in period, nor was it used as a color until 1622. (12/1999)

Highland Foorde, Barony of. Badge for the Order of the Golden Hawk. Gules, a bird perched on the hilt of a sword inverted Or issuant from a ford proper.

Conflict with Adelicia Gilwell, Gules, an owl Or, and Sabia Gunnhild Hunang, Gules, a Celtic hawk statant close reguardant Or. Originally blazoned as a hawk, the barony's bird is not clearly recognizable as a hawk: hawks do not normally have a vertical body and they have a prominent tail. The sword does not have the same visual weight as the bird, and so does not contribute to difference. Therefore there is but one CD for the addition of the ford. (11/2000)

Highland Foorde, Barony of. Order name Order of the Mountain Hart.

No evidence was given that "mountain" is a reasonable adjective to apply to a hart. While there are no doubt harts in the mountains, we know of no particular mountain variety. (10/1999)

Highland Foorde, Barony of. Order name Order of the Mountain Hawk.

No evidence was given that "mountain" is a reasonable adjective to apply to a hawk. (10/1999)

Highland Foorde, Barony of. Order name Order of the Mountain Lark.

No evidence was given that "mountain" is a reasonable adjective to apply to a lark. (10/1999)

Hong Kong. Flag. Gules, a cinquefoil argent, each foil charged with a mullet gules.

Hong Kong is not a sovereign nation so its flag is not automatically important enough to protect, while some evidence was given to show that it is more important than the other submissions, the evidence was insufficient to show that its flag is important enough to protect. (11/1999)

Honor Caitlin nic Curtin. Name.

This name has the weirdness of mixing English and Gaelic spelling plus the problem of two given names in Irish. Both problems could be solved by dropping Caitlin, but the submitter allowed no major changes.

Her armory was registered under the holding name Honor of Sundragon. (04/2000)

Hroswith of Southwoods. Name.

This submission was withdrawn. (12/2000)

Iain Bán Menzies. Name.

The name has two moderately serious problems. First, the name Iain, while ruled SCA compatible, is not attested in period. Second, the name Menzies is an Anglicized form of the Gaelic Mèinnearach, so the submitted name as a whole mixes Gaelic and Anglicized orthographies. Neither of these problems would in itself be grounds for a return; however, the combination of the two makes this submission not acceptable. (07/2000)

Iain MacConmhaoil. Device. Per pall inverted sable, azure, and argent, in base a hammer and an axe in saltire proper.

The hammer and the axe were completely brown. An axe does not have a proper coloring, and a hammer proper is sable hafted of brown wood. In neither case are the heads brown. (11/1999)

Iain MacConmhaoil. Device. Per pall inverted sable, azure, and argent, in base a hammer and an axe crossed in saltire sable.

The line of division is sufficiently high that this is not per pall inverted, but appears to be some unblazonable variety of chief. Thus we must return it for redrawing. (09/2000)

Ian Lindsay MacRae. Device. Argent, a wyvern sable maintaining a sheaf of arrows inverted and a bow, a bordure gules.

Conflict with Reinhardt von Berchtesgaden, Or, a wyvern erect sable within a bordure gules. The maintained charges do not generate difference, therefore there is only a single CD for the field. (10/2000)

Ian Marcaiche. Name.

This name contains two weirdness: an SCA-compatible given name, and the combination of English and Gaelic orthographies in one name. His armory was registered under the name Edwin of Gleann Medónach. (09/1999)

Iduna Snorradottir. Badge. (Fieldless) On an open scroll argent a wagon wheel proper.

A comparison of the emblazons showed that this submission is in conflict with Adsiltia fila Honorii, On an open scroll bendwise proper, an acorn proper. The scrolls are in precisely the same position, and no CD is given for change of type only of the tertiary charge. (09/1999)

Ihone MacEogan of Bannockburn. Device. Azure, a bend sinister fusilly argent.

Conflict with the badge for the Canton of Elvegast, Gules a bend sinister of five lozenges conjoined argent, registered in this letter. There is only a single CD for the change to the field. As Elvegast’s submission was made earlier in the month, its registration takes precedence.

The device, however, is clear of Caitlin Morgana ferch Llywellyn, Azure, a bend sinister dancetty between a decrescent and a pegasus segreant argent. Evidence taken from the Dictionary of British Arms strongly indicates that bends dancetty were not used interchangeably with bends fusilly; in fact, they were used by different people and in different ways. Thus there is a CD for changing the line of division on the bend and a second for the removal of the secondary charges. (04/2001)

Ildikó the Blonde. Name.

Unfortunately, the submitted documentation for the given name does not support the claim that it was used in period. As the College could not provide such documentation either we have to return the name.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Maria the Blonde. (02/2001)

'Inan Nihlah. Name.

Both 'Inan and Nihlah are Arabic feminine given names, but there is no evidence that Arabic names were formed of two given names. As they did not use metronymics we could not fix this by making the second name a metronymic.

Her armory was registered under the holding name 'Inan of Aurochsford. (02/2000)

Ingileif Ketilsdóttir. Device. Vert, a reindeer statant, a chief engrailed argent.

Conflict with Ciar inghean ui Mhaoildeirg, Vert, a stag at gaze, between its attires a roundel argent. There is a CD for changing the type of the secondary charge, but nothing for changing its position, as the chief’s position is set by its type. (06/2001)

Ingridr Hikri Fridriksdóttir. Device. Or a sea-unicorn contourny and in chief four escallops purpure.

No paperwork was received for this submission. (07/2000)

Ingunn Völsungsdöttir. Name.

There is no evidence that Volsung was ever used outside of legend.

Her device was registered under the name Ingunn of Wyrmgeist. (02/2000)

INNES of That Ilk. Device. Argent, three mullets azure.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Iohann se pipere. Device. Sable, a musical note argent.

Current precedent disallows the registration of solitary abstract symbols. (07/2000)

Iohanna Carracci. Device. Per saltire gules and azure.

Conflict with Petrus Curonus, Per saltire Or and gules. The only possible rule that could make these clear is RfS X.4.a.ii.b, Complete Change of Tincture (part of the Field-Primary Armory rules); however, that rule states If the fields of two pieces of field-primary armory have no tinctures in common, they are considered completely different and do not conflict, irrespective of any other similarities between them. While each portion of the field has changed tincture, one cannot say that they do not have a tincture in common. (11/2000)

Irina Francesca degli Schiavoni. Badge. (Fieldless) A pomegranate gules seeded Or.

Conflict with Granada, Argent, a pomegranate seeded gules slipped vert, with only a single CD for fieldlessness.

The badge is clear of the badge for Gorandookht Mamigonian, On a pomegranate gules a natural seahorse Or, with one CD for fieldlessness, and a second for the addition of the tertiary. A comparison of the emblazons indicates that there was not enough visual similarity to override the technical difference. (03/2001)

Isabel Margarita de Sotomayor y Pérez de Gerena. Device. Per pale gules and sable, on a lozenge argent a cat passant guardant sable.

Conflict with Amber Lang, Vert, on a lozenge argent, a cat sejant guardant sable. There is a CD for changing the field, but there is not a CD for changing only the posture of the tertiary charge. (05/2001)

Isolde Corby. Badge. (Fieldless) Three birds close conjoined in annulo azure.

These birds are not conjoined in annulo, they are connected by the legs. As such, this depiction is not blazonable. We would need evidence that this motif is a reasonable heraldic depiction as well as a valid blazon for it in order to register it. (11/2000)

Istria. Arms. Azure, a goat statant Or, armed, unguled, and langued gules.

The consensus of the College was that Istria was neither independent nor important enough to protect. (01/2000)

István Valkai. Device. Gules, three chevronels enhanced and a basset hound Or.

This is returned because it violates the reconstructability requirement. It is unclear which is the primary charge and which the secondary charge. Additionally, the dog should be redrawn to more resemble a basset hound. (09/1999)

Ive Rathbourn. Device. Quarterly gules and sable, on a sun Or a wheel proper.

Conflict with the badge for the Compagnie du Dindon d'Or (Kriemhild of Stonecroft), Vert, a mullet of nine points throughout Or, thereon a turkeycock's head [Gallopavo meleagris] erased proper. There is a CD for the field, but nothing for the difference between a mullet of nine points and a sun, and nothing for changing the type only the tertiary charges. An examination of Kriemhild's emblazon shows that the head is primarily brown. (08/2000)

Ivor MacFergus. Device. Gules, a claymore, its hilt between the wings of a vol Or.

The device is in visual conflict with Brand Armand of Lancaster, Gules, a winged sword Or. A comparison of the emblazons showed that the visual resemblance was overwhelming. (09/1999)

Jacqueline de Meux. Device. Azure, a cat’s head caboshed and on a chief embattled Or three cinquefoils purpure.

Conflict with Meliora Gwinear, Azure, a lioness' head erased affronty, on a chief embattled Or three lion's jambes bendwise gules. There is a CD for the changes to the tertiary charges, but nothing for the minor changes to the head. (07/2001)

Jacquetta Edington of Yorkshire. Device. Purpure, a goblet, in chief a rose issuing two slips fesswise leaved one to dexter and the other to sinister Or.

There were many attempts in the commentary to blazon the charges in chief; the above being the best attempt; however, even this blazon cannot adequately describe the charges, indicating that the charges cannot be blazoned in a reproducible manner. (01/2000)

James Barkley. Device. Argent, an oak tree purpure, on a chief embattled sable three gouttes argent .

This was withdrawn by Rouge Scarpe for redrawing as the Pennsic forms showed gouttes but the final forms had flames. (05/2000)

James Cunningham. Device. Vert papellony argent, a shakefork Or between three escarbuncles argent.

The escarbuncles were unidentifiable as drawn. It may be that the particular placement of the escarbuncles on the field treatment was the primary cause of the problem; however, it may be that any drawing would have problems with identifiability. Making the field either plain vert or vert papellony Or, or, alternatively, making the escarbuncles Or, should solve the problem. (06/2001)

James Dexter. Device. Gules, a two-handled tankard Or within an annulet argent.

Conflict with Daniel de Tankard Gules, a tankard of beer Or, headed argent. There is a CD for adding the secondary charge, but nothing for adding the second handle nor for the removal of the head. (07/2001)

James the Obscure. Badge. (Fieldless) A badger statant contourny atop an open scroll fesswise argent.

The name was returned in May 1999 for lack of paperwork. Since we cannot tell whether the submitter will accept a holding name, this badge must be returned. (12/1999)

Jamie MacKenzie. Name.

This conflicts with the Scottish cardiologist Sir James MacKenzie (1853-1925). (06/2000)

Jan van Ghent. Name change from Lyssandre le Téméraire.

This conflicts with John of Gaunt, father of Henry IV of England, listed in theEncyclopædia Britannica Online. There is little difference in the sound of the two names. (11/1999)

Jane Devereux. Name.

Conflict with Jeanne d’Evreaux, a queen of France. While she does not have her own listing in the Encyclopedia Britannica, prior precedent has protected queens of major kingdoms, and in her case she is also important as the owner of an well known book of hours, making her better known in the Society than in the general community. (09/1999)

Jane Templeman. Name and device. Per bend sinister gules and Or, a pheasant contourny and a pheasant counterchanged.

No forms were sent to Laurel. (11/2000)

Janet MacDonald. Device. Argent, a ship sable, in chief three thistles proper.

The device conflicts with the arms of the Earl of Aran of Old (important Non-SCA Arms), Argent a lymphad sable. These arms were protected in the LoAR of September 1998. There is only one CD, for adding the thistles in chief. (07/1999)

Jared the Potter and Sajah bint Habushun ibn Ishandiyar al-Hajjaj. Joint household name House Open Hearth and badge. Argent, a fireplace gules masoned argent enclosing flames proper all within an annulet vert.

No documentation was given to show that Open Hearth was a reasonable inn or sign name. Sign names of the form <adjective> <noun> tend to have adjectives that can be easily displayed on a sign. "Open" is not such an adjective when applied to hearths.

The flames are poorly tinctured; flames proper should have alternating tongues of Or and gules. The flames here are Or fimbriated gules, which has long been grounds for return. Also, the only registered instance of a fireplace was from 1986, therefore we would prefer proof that this form of fireplace was known in period. (11/1999)

Jarucha Ekaterina Delamare. Name.

While combining Russian with French is registerable, it is a weirdness. The use of double given names in Russian was also ruled a weirdness by Jaelle of Armida in June 1997. The name is, therefore, not registerable as it is. We would have dropped the second given name, but since the submitter does not accept major changes we could not do this. (04/2001)

Jasmina Salazar. Name.

No evidence was presented that Jasmina was a reasonable transliteration of Yasmin.

Her device was registered under the name Melissa of Carolingia. (08/1999)

Jean Fernel. Device. Vert, a rapier between in chief two bunches of grapes argent.

Conflict with Phillip of Dalarna, Vert, a seax between two estoiles wavy argent. Examination of the emblazon showed that the grapes and the estoiles were in similar positions, giving only a CD for type of secondary charges. (11/2000)

Jean Pierre Détoile. Device. Per pale sable and argent, two estoiles of eight rays counterchanged.

Conflict with Dermid Ross, Per pale sable and argent, in fess two mullets of four points saltirewise counterchanged. As estoiles and mullets are not substantially different, this cannot be clear via RfS X.2, Difference of Primary Charges. There is a CD for the type of charges, but nothing for orientation as the points of the mullets saltirewise occupy the position of some of the rays of the estoile. (07/2001)

Jeanne-Marie la Verriere. Badge. (Fieldless) A jocelyn azure and Or belled Or.

Conflict with the Order of the Coill’s Bells (Barony of Nottinghill Coill), A jocelyn wreathed Or and vert with six bells Or. While the bells themselves are significant enough to generate difference (thus making a jocelyn significantly different from a plain wreath), the actual number is not significant. Therefore, there is not a CD for the change of tincture of less than half the charge nor for the number of bells. (03/2000)

Jenny O’ Shaughnessy. Name.

We could find no evidence, and none was provided, that Jenny is a period name. Her armory was registered under the holding name Amy of Calafia. (01/2000)

Jimena Osorio de Solis. Name change from Cecily de Kenton.

Withdrawn by the submitter. (07/2001)

Joanna of the Plains. Device. Sable, four horseshoes bendwise sinister one two and one Or.

The device forms showed a different arrangement of charges than appeared on the mini-emblazon. This difference was enough that the College needs to see and comment on the emblazon; however, as the kingdom did not send a corrected emblazon, we must return the device. (04/2001)

Jochen Blitzkopf. Name.

No evidence was given, and none was found, to indicate that Blitzkopf, "lightning-head," was a reasonable byname. The German surnames ending in -head all use modifiers that describe heads, such as "broad head," "hard head," "pretty head," "curly head," and "black head."

His armory was registered under the holding name Jochen of Nithgaard. (02/2000)

Johan d'Avignon. Name.

This conflicts with Jehanne d'Avignon, registered in September 1989. (06/2000)

Johan Krieg. Device. Per chevron embattled sable and argent, three crosses formy counterchanged.

Conflict with Toran Weisszahn, Per chevron raguly sable and argent, two crosses bottony and a lion rampant counterchanged. By prior Laurel precedent, there is not a CD between embattled and raguly. Furthermore, while there is a CD between crosses formy and crosses bottony, they are not substantially different. Therefore the two device are not clear by RfS X.2, "Difference of Primary Charge," and there is only a single CD for changing the type of the primary charge group. (02/2001)

Johann Wolfgang von Hesse. Device. Argent, a cross quadrate formy fitchy, a chief dovetailed sable.

Conflict with Dorothea of Caer-Myrddin, Argent, a cross patty sable. A comparison of the emblazons shows that the addition of the quadrate is not enough of a change, when used on a formy cross, to generate difference. Therefore, there is a single CD for the addition of the chief. (04/2000)

Johannes Fairhand. Device. Purpure, a hand argent.

Conflict with Kenric Manning, registered this month from Ealdormere, Lozengy azure and Or, a hand apaumy argent; there is only one CD for the change of field. As Kenric is a member of the Society and the Ealdormere letter had an earlier date, Kenric's device takes precedence over this one. (09/2000)

Johannes Vagus. Device. Gyronny of sixteen sable and argent, a salamander statant reguardant gules enflamed Or.

Conflict with Willem MacLear, Or, a salamander passant gules enflamed azure. There is only one CD for changes to the field; the flames in both devices are not significant enough for the tincture change to count.

Gyronny of sixteen can only be used in some devices, per the following precedent:

The question was raised regarding whether gyronny of sixteen is period, and whether it can be used in the SCA. Papworth’s Ordinary of British Armorials, cites an instance from the 12th century, and Martin Schrot’s Wappenbuch, a German heraldic treatise shows a 16th century example... Given this, we will register Gyronny of sixteen in simple cases, but nothing more, barring period evidence. (Padric O Mullan, 6/99 p. 2)

While the single charge on the field is very complex, it is still only a single charge. Therefore this use of gyronny is acceptable. (01/2001)

Johannes vom Kreuzzung. Name.

No evidence was given, nor was any found, to show that Kreuzzung ("crossing") could have be used in period as part of a German byname. The submitter may want the consider the related bynames in dem Vurte ("at the ford"), dated to 1272 in Bahlow, Diction of German names, s.n. Förther, or zu Cruce "at (the) cross", dated to 1297 in Brechenmacher, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der Deutschen Familiennamen.

His armory was registered under the name Johannes of Artemisia. (11/1999)

John Paul Devereaux. Device. Azure, a mullet gules fimbriated between in fess two battleaxes Or .

This submission is identical to his previous submission, so it still conflicts with Morgan Bloodaxe, Azure, a triangle of three battleaxes fretted Or . There is a CD for arrangement, but none for changing the type or tincture of less than half of the members of the primary charge group. (05/2000)

JOHNSTONE, Marquis of Annandale. Device. Argent, a saltire sable, on a chief gules three cushions Or.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Jonathas Reinisch. Device change. Azure, on a mountain argent a fox’s head couped gules.

The mountain was not identifiable as such. It needs to be a bit smaller and to have more crags, to distinguish it from a point pointed or a per chevron line division. In addition, the fox could also be more recognizable. (11/2000)

Josephine of Ben Dunfirth. Device. Argent vêtu ployé vert, a ladybug proper.

Conflict with Sheherezon Sequora Maximilian, Argent, a ladybug [Coccinella novemnotata] proper. There is only a single CD for the field. (10/1999)

Juana La Chifalda. Name.

The byname is constructed from a modern Mexican colloquial word for ‘mad’; the period Spanish word would be loca. Unfortunately for the submitter, changing the byname to a registerable form would result in a conflict with Juana la Loca (1479-1555), Queen of Castile and Countess of Flanders. (02/2001)

Juliana Kendal. Device. Or, a Kendal flower proper within a bordure rayonny gules.

The Kendal flower, when proper, is a six petaled rose of alternating argent and gules petals. This makes it a variant of a Tudor rose, as the Tudors combined white and red roses in various manners. Tudor roses are restricted charges and cannot be registered. (01/2000)

Juliana la Caminante de Navarra. Badge. Sable, a Lacy knot Or conjoined at the tips to eight lily flowers argent.

The lily flowers are unidentifiable when used at the ends of the knots; they could be easily misidentified as tassels which were used at the ends of knots. Therefore the badge is in conflict with Lacy (important real-world badge), A Lacy knot, with only a single CD for fieldlessness. (12/2000)

Juliana McBride. Badge. Azure, a hare rampant Or sustaining an arrow inverted argent.

Conflict with the badge for Sten av Norden, Azure, an arrow inverted demi-barbed to sinister argent. There is not a CD for the changes to the arrow, therefore there is only a single CD for adding the hare. (07/2001)

Julianna Neuneker Hirsch von Schutzhundheim. Device change. Sable semy of sparks, a stone enflamed between in saltire four furisons blades to center Or.

The strewn charges are not sparks, nor any other recognizable charge. The submitter documented similar items, but only as parts of rays, not as independent charges. Furthermore, the rock enflamed is not identifiable; as drawn it looks like a sun. To make it look more like a rock enflamed, the flames should point only to chief and possibly to the sides. (01/2001)

Juliette de Deuxmont. Device. Argent, a compass rose sable within and conjoined to a mascle azure, in chief a sprig of holly vert, fructed gules.

The holly in chief is not in a blazonable position as it is neither fesswise nor is it chevronwise (which itself is not a position typically found in period armory). In addition, the conjoining of the mascle and the compass rose reduces the identifiability of both charges. (07/2000)

Justinus Fletcher. Device. Azure, three arrows couped below the fletching Or, on a chief argent three gouttes azure.

The demi-arrows are not identifiable. Most commenters were unable to determine what the charge was from its emblazon. It is unclear if it is possible to draw the lower half of an arrow in an identifiable way. Thus the device violates RfS VI7.a, "Identification Requirement - Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance... Elements not used in period armory may be defined and accepted for Society use if they are readily distinguishable from elements that are already in use..." Before we will register this charge we need to see a clearly identifiable depiction and would like to see evidence that using just the lower half of an inanimate charge is consistent with period practice. (02/2001)

Kaaren Elspeth Wyld. Name and device. Per chevron argent and Or, in base an estoile, an orle purpure.

The name is returned because no proof was provided that Kaaren was the submitter’s given name. Additionally, this name would be returned because it has multiple weirdnesses: the use of an undocumented legal name and the use of double given name in Scotland.

The device is not per chevron; it is a point pointed. Therefore the point must have good contrast with the field. Additionally, the orle overlying the point violates the rule prohibiting overall charges over peripheral charges. Furthermore, the section of the point outside the orle is argent, not Or. Finally, the device was submitted on an attached sheet of paper, and we require that the device be placed on the form. (10/1999)

Karius Boromeus. Name.

This name conflicts aurally with that of the saint used to document the byname, Carolus Boromeus. Since the latter has his own entry in Encyclopædia Britannica he is important enough to be protected by our current standards.

His device has been registered under the holding name Karius of Lost Moor. (06/2000)

Karsten Werner. Device. Sable, a saltire between in pale two roses Or, flaunches ermine.

This is being returned because the flaunches are too small. They should extend to the corners of the device. This may not be possible with saltires, despite the example from Glovers Ordinary of Mosylton, Argent, three pallets azure over all two square flaunches or flanks gules. The difference is that Mosylton’s device is also blazoned with the pallets between the flaunches and it may be virtually indistinguishable from Paly argent and azure, two flanks gules. Therefore we would like to see examples of flaunches used with saltires, bends or bends sinister before we are likely to register the combination. (10/1999)

Kassandra Gatto Ammiratore. Device. Argent, a cat statant within a bordure sable.

Conflict with Sibyl of Dragon's Eyrie, Argent a catamount triply queued statant guardant and a chief dovetailed sable, with only one CD for the change of peripheral charge from a chief to a bordure. It is also in conflict with Moshe Pantera del Fuego Negro, Argent, a natural panther salient incensed of flame, all within a bordure sable, with only one CD for the posture of the feline. Had there not been a conflict, the device would still be returned because the name was returned in June 1999, well before the date of the Letter of Intent. (02/2000)

Kassandra vom Rhein. Name and device. Per bend sinister Or and vert, a stag’s head erased contourny proper and a grapevine fructed argent.

No forms were included with the submission. (01/2000)

Katelin Angell. Name and device. Per chevron throughout gules and argent, two mullets and a hydra counterchanged.

Both items were withdrawn by the submitter. (09/1999)

Katerina d’Amboise. Name.

Unfortunately, Catherine de Medici, the Queen of France and mother of King François II, had her favourite residence in the castle of Amboise. Furthermore, she ended the first round in the major religious wars of 16th century France by the Edict of Amboise. Because of this, the castle is closely enough associated with the queen that the combination implies identity with her and is therefore presumptuous. (07/2001)

Katerina von Baden. Device. Per chevron sable and gules, a horse rampant Or.

Conflict with Dáithí Ó Briain, Per pale gules and sable, a horse rampant Or. There is only a single CD for changing the field. (07/2001)

Katerine MacGregor. Name.

Conflict with the registered name Caitlin MacGregor. The two names sound almost identical when pronounced correctly. (10/1999)

Katharine Elyzabeth of Südentür. Name.

The group name Südentür was returned in September 1999, therefore it is equally unacceptable here. Since she will not allow changes, this must be returned. (12/1999)

Katherine Bradon of Carlisle. Device. Argent, a spiderweb throughout azure charged with a spider sable, a bordure embattled azure ermined argent.

The spiderweb is unidentifiable as drawn. It does not match the examples of spiderwebs in Guillim's Display of Heraldry, nor does it match any standard depiction. (07/2000)

Katherine mac Ewen. Name.

Conflict with the registered name Katheryn MacEvin. Both elements are simply spelling variants of each other. (02/2000)

Katheryn MacThomas of Ireland. Device. Azure, on a cross nowy quadrate argent a trefoil vert.

Conflict with Klement St. Christoph, Azure, on a cross nowy cotised argent, a trefoil slipped vert and Owen Blakshepe, Azure, on a cross nowy argent a ram statant sable. In the first case, there is but a single CD for the cotising; in the second, there is but a single CD for change in type and color of the tertiary. There is no CD for the change between a cross nowy and a cross nowy quadrate, as the overall visual impact is quite similar, and there is no evidence indicating that the treatments were considered distinct in period. (09/2000)

Katheryne aff Kringskiep. Device. Per fess argent and purpure, two domestic cats sejant erect affronty sinister forepaw raised counterchanged.

The position of the sinister forepaw gives the illusion of depth. Period examples of sejant erect affronty have the arms out to the side. We have returned submissions of animals rampant affronty for exactly this reason; barring evidence of sejant erect affronty being depicted in this manner, we must return this for a redraw. (04/2001)

Katrine Eberly. Badge. (Fieldless) A cubit arm fesswise reversed palm to chief argent sustaining flames Or.

The cupped hand is neither a documented nor a recognizable position. Furthermore, the cubit arm is neither fesswise, nor particularly bendwise sinister, and therefore cannot be accurately blazoned. (04/2000)

Katryne MacIntosh the Strange. Badge. (Fieldless) A mullet of four points per pale argent and azure.

Conflict with the badge of Eleanor Leonard, (Tinctureless) A mullet of four points distilling a goutte, and Richard Longstride, Per pale azure and argent, a mullet counterchanged. In both cases, there is only a single CD for fieldlessness. (01/2001)

Kayleigh von Brückenheim. Device. Azure, on a pale between two towers Or an artist's brush and a reed pen inverted in saltire sable.

The pen and the brush were difficult to tell apart, particularly as both were drawn as black silhouettes. Therefore, this must be returned for using two similar but non-identical charges on a device (the sword and dagger precedent). (04/2000)

Kayleigh von Brückenheim. Device. Or, an artist’s brush and a reed pen inverted in saltire sable between flaunches azure each charged with a tower Or.

The new submission does not solve the problem from the previous submission. There are still two similar but non-identical charges on the device (the pen and the brush), a practice which has been prohibited for some time. Making them primary charges does not change the problem. (02/2001)

Kazi Enkazi. Name.

This was an appeal of a kingdom return. The appeal was based largely on a persona story which has no bearing on the acceptability of the name. No evidence was given that Kazi was a name used by huans in period. Enkazi was documented as an Italian mercenary name based on a mispronunciation of und Kazi, but no evidence was given that any byname was formed from this type of transformation, much less an Italian mercenary name. Therefore we must deny the appeal and return the name. (02/2000)

Kazimira Suchenko. Device. Argent, a harpy displayed azure, the human half proper, crined and feathered azure, orbed and armed Or.

Conflict with the badge for Michael von Rosenau Argent, an owl displayed azure maintaining a rose fesswise gules, slipped and leaved vert. There is one CD for the difference between an owl and a harpy; however, there is not substantial difference. No CD can be given for change of less than half the tincture of the harpy. In addition, by current precedent, caucasian human flesh proper is considered to be a variant of argent, and the amount of flesh contacting the argent field is just sufficient to cause problems with identifiability. (08/2000)

Kedivor Tal mab Cadwugaun. Badge. Erminois, a sun within a bordure gules.

Conflict with Mitchell MacBain, Gyronny sable and argent, a compass star within a bordure gules. No difference is given between a compass star and a sun, therefore there is only a single CD for the field. (12/1999)

KEITH, Earl Marischal. Device. Argent, on a chief gules three pallets Or.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Kendrick Shropshire. Device. Vert, a ship reversed, in chief three mullets argent.

Conflict with Eoin Maclullich, Azure, a drakkar and in chief three mullets of four points argent. There is a CD for changing the field, but nothing for the change in the type of ship, for reversing a ship, or for the small changing in the type of the mullets. (07/2001)

Kenewi ap Owain. Device. Per pale azure and vert, a pale bretessed argent.

Conflict with Nicolette Bonhomme, Per pale gules and sable, a pale embattled argent. There is no heraldic difference between embattled and bretessed on a pale therefore there is only a single CD for the difference of the field. (08/2000)

KENNEDY of Ailsa. Device. Argent, a chevron gules between three crosses crosslet fitchy sable. For augmentation, the whole within a double tressure flory counter-flory gules.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Kenneth Fraser. Device. Sable, on a fess argent an annulet between two cinquefoils sable.

Conflict with Tahira of Carolingia (holding name), Sable, on a fess argent an Arabic pen-box azure, registered June 2000, and Roswitha of Suanesfeld, Sable, on a fess argent three swans rousant sable. In each case there is only a single CD for the changes to the tertiary charges. (02/2001)

Kenric inn kyrri. Badge. Azure, a sledge hammer Or surmounted by an open book argent.

Visual conflict with Islyle le Gannoker de Gavain, Azure, an open book argent, overall an estoc inverted Or. An estoc is a type of sword, and a comparison of the emblazons showed that the visual resemblance was overwhelming. (04/2000)

Kér Béla. Name and device. Per pale bevilled argent and sable, a pale bevilled between a hawk volant to sinister and a skull all counterchanged.

There is no evidence, and none could be found, that tribal names, such as Ker, were used in Hungarian names.

There is no evidence that bevilling was used with a per pale line of division. (11/1999)

Ker Megan of Taransay. Device. Azure mullety, a winged lion passant Or.

This device is being returned because there was no mini-emblazon on the letter of intent. (08/1999)

Kerdych Goch. Device. Lozengy gules and Or.

Conflict with Monaco (important non-SCA arms), Lozengy argent and gules, and the Dukes of Teck (also important non-SCA arms), Lozengy bendwise sable and Or. There is no difference given between lozengy and lozengy bendwise. (06/23/1999)

KERR of Lothian. Device. Gules, on a chevron argent three mullets gules.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Kiara Wrynn of the Bells. Device. Argent, a chevron rompú throughout between two hawk’s bells and a cross of four mascles vert pometty purpure.

The cross is two steps from period style. We know of no examples in period armory of a cross pometty of a different tincture. While this by itself may have been registerable, adding the roundels to a type of cross whose outline is rarely if ever further altered makes the cross too far from period style to be registerable. (10/2000)

Kiena Munro. Badge. (Fieldless) A covered cup argent.

Conflict with Kathleen Erin-go-burne-the-Bragh, Vert, a chalice argent containing flames Or. There is one CD for fieldlessness, but the flames are not large enough to count for difference. (11/1999)

Kieran MacTier. Device. Azure, a winged wolf segreant argent maintaining with its dexter forepaw a sword inverted proper, a bordure argent semy of lozenges gules.

There are several minor anomalies with the artwork. The most serious, however, is that wolf is not maintaining the sword, but is barely touching it. As we cannot blazon the sword in its current form, we are returning this for redrawing. Furthermore, please instruct the artist to draw a thicker bordure with fewer lozenges.

This was pended from the August 2000 LoAR. (02/2001)

Killian MacKenzie. Device. Argent, on a bend sinister between a sprig of forget-me-nots slipped and leaved and a wolf couchant azure, a feather argent.

While this submitter obtained a letter of permission to conflict with the Barony of Atenveldt Argent, on a bend sinister between two clarions azure, a quill pen argent there is an additional conflict. Because the secondary charges are not identical, the device is not simple and therefore conflicts with Catriona nighean Thaoig mhic Iurnain, Argent, on a bend sinister between two wolves’ heads ululant azure a bottlenosed dolphin naiant contourny argent. (09/1999)

Kisaiya Zingara. Badge. (Fieldless) A sword inverted argent, entwined overall by a rose purpure, slipped and leaved vert.

As drawn, the rose is barely overall. This kind of overall charge has been disallowed for some time. If drawn with a standard entwined rose, it is in conflict with Barbara Fitzhugh de Brandhard, Azure, a sword inverted proper entwined widdershins of a poppy proper. Traditionally, entwined charges are treated like maintained charges unless both charges have equal visual weight. Therefore there is not a CD for the change to the flower. (12/2000)

Kissa Sveitarbot. Name and device. Gules, in fess three weasels rampant argent.

The name is returned for lack of a given name. While Kissa is a word in Finnish, there was no documentation given to show that this follows a pattern of Finnish given names.

The device is being returned for a redraw. These look more like cats than weasels - the body should be longer and thinner and the face more angled. (08/1999)

Komask Undan of the Silver Stallion. Name and device. Per bend sinister "bevilled" gules and azure, a horse’s head couped contourny argent charged with a mullet of four points sable and a sword bendwise sinister proper.

Komask Undan was submitted as meaning "to escape". No documentation was given to show that given names could be derived from such words. The submitter may be interested in the Norse given name Kormákr. If, however, he wants to use it with of the Silver Stallion (which is grandfathered to him through his wife Leila Angwin of the Silver Stallion), he would be best to use a more Anglicized form such as Kormac.

The line of division was not bevilled as described in the cover letter to the August 1992 LoAR. It is thus returned pending documentation for this line of division. The submitter should be informed that period examples of fields such as per bend bevilled were generally not accompanied by other charges. (12/1999)

Kormákr Kálsvísa. Name.

The byname Kálsvísa, justified as a kenning based on the name of a legendary horse, has serious problems. No evidence was submitted that proper names appeared as kennings, that is, allusive names used primarily in scaldic poetry; the most the College could find was that names were used as parts of kennings. Furthermore, the argument presented in the submission does not address the issue of whether Kálsvísa as a name refers to a particular legendary individual in such a way that its use should be prohibited. It is also unclear whether the byname is a claim to superhuman powers and therefore presumptuous.

His device was registered under the holding name Kormákr of Tir Ysgithr. (08/2000)

Kowacz Myklos. Device. Gules, a stag at gaze argent .

Conflict with the badge for Sabia Gunnhild Hunang, Gules, a reindeer statant regardant within an annulet argent . There is no difference between a reindeer and a stag, so there is only one CD for removing the annulet. (05/2000)

Kragon of Land’s End. Badge. (Fieldless) A sun per bend sinister bevelled fesswise gules and Or .

The line of division is grandfathered to the submitter, however the badge still conflicts with the badge for the Chronicler of Ansteorra, A mullet of five greater and five lesser points distilling gouttes. There is a CD for fieldlessness but nothing for tincture nor for the difference between a sun a a mullet of five greater and five lesser points. (05/2000)

Kudrun Þe Pilgrim. Device. Vert, a pile Or, overall an open book argent clasped Or.

The book is only slightly overall, placing the identifiable parts of the charge on the Or pile. Redrawing this with a narrower, more medieval, pile or placing the book lower on the pile would solve the problem. (01/2001)

Kveldúlfr av Úlfsgarð. Device. Argent, a wolf-headed eagle displayed facing sinister sable gorged of a county coronet Or sustaining a pair of axes crossed in saltire sable.

Conflict with Prussia (important non-SCA arms), Argent, an eagle displayed sable crowned Or and Manfred, King of Sicily (important non-SCA arms), Argent, an eagle displayed sable. While the axes are large enough to count for difference, neither the wolf head nor the gorging are worth difference, so the addition of the axes is the only CD. (04/2001)

Kyrstyan the Songmaker. Name.

No documentation was given for Songmaker, and the name does not follow any known pattern of occupational surnames.

Her armory was registered under the holding name Kyrstyan of Danegeld Tor. (10/1999)

Lachlan Erskine of Comarty. Badge. (Fieldless) A sinister hand proper grasping in saltire a banner sable and a teasel Or.

The badge contains three different charges in the same group, violating the rule of thumb from RfS VIII.1.a. (03/2000)

Lachlan McBean of Kinchyle. Name.

Kinchyle appears to be the clan seat of the MacBean, so the two names cannot be combined in this manner. As he does not allow us to drop elements of the name we have to return it. Also, the documentation for the name was not adequately summarised on the LoI, and we would have returned it for that reason as well.

His badge has been registered under the holding name Lachlan McBean. (12/2000)

Lachlann Wick of Brindle Myre. Device. Argent, a caucasian mermaid in her vanity proper crined Or tailed and a scarp enhanced azure.

A caucasian mermaid cannot be placed on an argent field, as human (caucasian) flesh proper was somtimes depicted as argent in period sources. In addition, we do not register overly enhanced ordinaries, barring evidence of their use in period, as they are inherantly unbalanced. (11/1999)

LAMONT of Lamont. Device. Azure, a lion rampant argent.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Lancelot of Windhaven. Device. Counter-ermine, on a chief argent two keys in saltire sable.

Conflict with Eirik Vilhelmsson, Counter-ermine, on a chief argent a grove of seven fir trees proper. There is only a single CD for the changes to the tertiary charges. (01/2001)

Larisa Andriushkina zhena Ivanova doch. Device. Argent, two annulets conjoined in fess within a bordure vert.

The two annulets are neither conjoined nor interlaced, but are slightly overlapping, which blurs the distinction between the two and is not, as far as we know, period practice. (09/1999)

Laura Lynn. Name.

This conflicts with Laura Aleyn , registered in July 1991. (05/2000)

Leif Thorisson. Name.

Conflict with the registered name Leif Thoruson. (12/1999)

Leoba von Mainz. Name and device. Per bend Or and vert, two "grape" leaves issuant from the line of division counterchanged.

The leaves are not identifiable as grape leaves, nor could we find any other type of leaf that matched the emblazon. (04/2000)

Leonidas Mantineios. Device. Checky azure and argent, on a plate a dolphin naiant embowed sable.

The large emblazon had colored the dolphin so that one of the fins and most of the face were argent. As a result the dolphin has insufficient contrast with the argent roundel. In addition, please instruct the submitter to draw the head of the dolphin in a more heraldic manner. (12/2000)

Leopold von Heidelberg. Device. Or, an eagle displayed sable, a chief triangular gules.

The device has numerous real-world conflicts, for example, Germany, Or, an eagle displayed sable. There is only one CD for adding the chief. (07/2000)

LESLIE, Earl of Rothes. Device. Argent, on a bend azure three round buckles Or.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Líadan inghean uí Laoghaire. Device. Per pale azure and gules, a mascle knot Or.

Mascle knots have been disallowed since 1996: "The mascle knot is an SCA invention, with only two registrations, and is unattested anywhere else. As such, it is not sufficiently well-known or defined (outside of the Pictorial Dictionary) to retain as a registrable charge, nor does there appear to be sufficient interest to continue to register it in the future." (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR March 1996 p. 12) (03/2001)

Liege, Archbishop of. Device. Or, three horns gules banded argent.

No evidence was given indicating that the arms are important. It was describes as being a sizeable region and that the ruling archbishop was sometimes considered as important as a prince, but we do not automatically protect princes' arms nor the arms of areas based on their size as opposed to the importance of the area and arms historically. (12/2000)

Limburg, Dukes of. Device. Argent, a lion rampant gules.

No evidence was given that the Dukes/Duchy of Limburg was an independent entity, nor that it is otherwise important enough or familiar enough to protect. See the Cover Letter for more details. (12/2000)

Lindsay MacBean. Name.

We were given no evidence that Lindsay was a given name in period. (10/1999)

LINDSAY, Earl of Crawford. Device. Gules, a fess checky argent and azure.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Livia Teresa de Compostela. Name.

This name is returned because no documentation can be found for the name de Compostela. People from Santiago de Compostela were known as de Santiago. (09/1999)

LIVINGSTON, Earl of Linlithgow. Device. Argent, three cinquefoils gules. For augmentation, a double tressure flory counter-flory vert.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Lodowick of Grays Inn. Device. Gyronny purpure and argent, a spider web counterchanged.

Jaelle of Armida, as Laurel, returned this exact device in April 1996 for lack of identifiability due to excessive counterchanging of a thin line charge. The reasons for return were not addressed and still apply. In addition, we did not receive the paperwork. (08/1999)

LOGAN of That Ilk. Device. Or, a heart gules transfixed by three passion nails in pile sable.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Lonely Tower, Barony of the. Order name Order of the Goose Migrant.

The Oxford English Dictionary dates migrant to 1672, after our grey period. (07/2001)

Lonely Tower, Barony of the. Order name Order of the Rose Window.

While rose windows are obviously period, the name itself is not: the Oxford English Dictionary dates it to 1773. (07/2001)

Lonely Tower, Barony of the. Order name Order of the Tower's Keystone.

No evidence was provided for the construction Order of the X's Y. Since the College could not provide such evidence either, we have to return this. (07/2001)

Lorcan Mac Colla. Device. Per chevron argent and purpure, two cows statant respectant sable, and in base a carpenter’s square, point to chief, and a hammer in saltire Or.

The device uses three different charges in the same group of primary charges and therefore violates RfS VIII.1.a, Armorial Simplicity. (11/1999)

Lourenço Affonso Rox. Name.

Withdrawn by the submitter. (06/2001)

Lucan von Drachenklaue. Badge. Sable, a mullet of four points elongated to base within a bordure embattled argent.

Conflict with Anna Tuomaantytär von Urwald, Sable, a mullet and a base wavy argent. There is only one CD for changing a base wavy to a bordure embattled.

This was pended from the October 1999 LoAR. (02/2000)

Lukas Mesmer. Device. Or, a chevron gules between three ermine spots sable.

Conflict with Cynwrig Cynydd, Argent, a chevron gules between two mullets of six points voided and interlaced and a greyhound sable. There is only a single CD for changing the type of the secondary charges. (07/2001)

Luminaire Rouge, Canton de la. Name and device. Or, a lantern gules within a laurel wreath vert.

No one could come up with reasonable justification for this as a place name, and some commenters were bothered by the connotation of "Red Light District." Because we cannot form holding names for groups, the device must be returned with the name. (08/1999)

Luqman al-Maghrebi. Device. Per fess vert and sable, a sun within a bordure nebuly Or.

This is being returned for a redraw. As drawn, the bordure appears closer to embattled than nebuly. (08/1999)

Luther Anshelm. Badge. (Fieldless) A dog passant Or collared gules sustaining in its mouth a flagstaff flying a banner of the Cross of St. George.

This fieldless badge appears to be a supporter maintaining a flag with arms on it. As we do not register supporters, we cannot register this. Moreover, we could not register Argent, a cross gules to the submitter because he does not have the right to display the Cross of Saint George as his own armory. (11/1999)

Lyssandre le Téméraire. Change of device. Ermine, on a chief embattled sable three fleurs-de-lys Or.

The device conflicts with Brianna Laurina de Winton, Erminois, on a chief dovetailed sable, three fleur-de-lys Or. There is a CD for the change to the field but nothing for dovetailed vs. embattled. (07/1999)

MACALISTER of the Loup. Device. Or, an eagle displayed gules charged on the breast with a lymphad, within on a bordure sable three crosses crosslet fitchy argent.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

MACARTHUR. Device. Azure, a Maltese cross argent between three antique crowns Or.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

MACAULAY. Device. Gules, two arrows inverted in saltire argent surmounted by a fess checky argent and gules, between three oval buckles Or.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

MACDONALD of Macdonald. Device. Or, a Iymphad sable surmounted by an eagle displayed gules.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

MACDOUGALL (or MACDOWELL). Device. Azure, a lion rampant argent [sometimes crowned or, sometimes gorged of a crown Or].

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

MACFARLANE of Maefarlane. Device. Argent, a saltire wavy between four roses gules.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

MACFIE (or MACPHEE) of Colonsay. Device. Per fess nebuly azure and Or, a sword inverted proper and a lymphad sable, sails unfurled argent.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

MACGILLIVRAY of Dunmaglas. Device. Azure, a lymphad Or within a bordure argent, overall on a chief Or a buck’s head cabossed between two crosses crosslet fitchy sable.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

MACGREGOR of Macgregor. Device. Argent, an oak tree bendwise sinister eradicated proper, surmounted by a sword bendwise azure, hilted Or, the point enfiling an antique crown gules.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

MACKAY, Lord Reay. Device. Azure, on a chevron between three bears’ heads erased argent, muzzled gules, a stag’s head erased between two daggers held by hands couped all proper.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

MACKENZIE, Earl of Seaforth. Device. Azure, a stag’s head cabossed Or.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

MACLAREN of Maclaren. Device. Or, two chevronels gules, in base a lymphad sable.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

MACLEOD of Macleod. Device. Azure, a castle triple-towered argent.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

MACLEOD of the Lewes. Device. Or, a mountain azure enflamed proper, in chief two crosses formy fitchy gules.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

MACMILLAN of Knap. Device. Or, a lion rampant sable, in chief three mullets azure.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

MACNAGHTEN of Dundarave. Device. Argent, a hand fesswise proper sustaining a cross crosslet fitchy azure.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

MACQUARIE. Device. Vert, in chief three towers argent.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Madallaine Isabeau de Cat. Device. Sable, on a chevron gules fimbriated between three lion’s heads cabossed a fleur-de-lys argent.

Conflict with François Baptiste Lerenard, Sable, on a chevron gules fimbriated between three fox’s masks a fleur-de-lys argent. There is only a single CD for changing the type of the secondary charges. (05/2001)

This was pended from the October LoAR

Madhu Brahman. Name.

There are two problems with the name. First, we would like to see some evidence of interaction between 3rd through 6th century India and Europe. Second, it was the feelings of the College that Brahman denotes a high enough caste that the use of the name is presumptuous. We would need to see evidence that Brahman implied status no higher than gentry in Europe. (01/2000)

Madoc ap Meurig. Device. Quarterly gules and sable, on a Latin cross formy nowy Or, a shamrock vert.

This is being returned because it is neither a cross nor a cross formy, but somewhere between and therefore not identifiable. (09/1999)

Madoc Kynith. Device. Argent, a goutte de sang within a vol throughout sable.

While technically clear, this is in visual conflict with Hrolfr Lombungr, Argent, a pair of batwings conjoined sable, in chief a goutte de sang. While the goutte is a primary charge in the current device and a secondary charge in the conflict, the visual similarity is overwhelming. (12/2000)

Madog Maelgwn ap Llywelyn. Household name House Stirling Hart.

The examples cited in the documentation were insufficient to justify the use of a town in an inn name. (08/1999)

Magnús balliknarr Thorvaldsson. Name.

There is no documentation indicating that "strong merchant-ship" is a reasonable epithet in Norse. We could not register the name as Magnús Thorvaldsson both because he only allowed minor changes and because it would then conflict with the already registered name Magnus Torvaldson. (07/1999)

Magnus Hrafnsson. Device. Per bend sable and azure, on a bezant a bird volant contourny wings elevated and addorsed sable.

Conflict with Gwynaeth Math o Ddylluan, Sable, a bezant charged with a raven on a branch bendwise all sable. There is a CD for the field, but the branch is not worth difference and there is not a CD for changing only the posture of the tertiary charges. (03/2000)

Magnus Jager. Device. Or, a ram’s head cabossed sable enflamed proper.

These are not flames proper, they are flames Or fimbriated gules. This has been disallowed for some time. (10/1999)

Magnus mac Gregor Campbell. Device. Vert, a saltire argent, overall an ibex rampant proper.

Ibexes are primarily brown in color, thus the overall charge has insufficient contrast with the field, as required by RfS 2.b.i, Contrast Requirements. (07/2001)

Magnús Slembidjákn. Device. Gules, a phoenix argent rising from flames proper, in chief a compass rose Or.

The flames are not proper (alternating tongues of Or and gules), but are rather "On a flame Or another gules." This form cannot be blazoned as part of a phoenix, and therefore must be returned for a redraw. (09/2000)

Magnus the Black. Device. Per pale sable and argent, a chevron rompú within a bordure counterchanged.

The armory was already registered to Magnus in July 2000. (10/2000)

Magnus von Lübeck. Badge. An astrolabe erminois.

An astrolabe has far too much internal detail to remain identifiable when tinctured in a fur. (11/2000)

Mahieu Griffaud. Device. Per pale sable and argent all semy-de-lys counterchanged, a sword inverted azure.

Because half of the long axis of the blued sword is placed on a black background its visibility to the point where it became unidentifiable. (01/2000)

Máille ingen Bhrain Cadal. Badge. Azure, a demi-lion couchant guardant contourny Or, maintaining an equal-armed Celtic cross sable.

The maintained charge is not visible on the azure field. While we do not require good contrast between a maintained charge and the field, the charge must still be somewhat identifiable. (01/2000)

Maire Brigid O'Neill. Name.

This item was withdrawn by the Kingdom.

Maire O’Brien. Name.

Conflict with the registered name Mara O’Brien. There is insufficient difference between the given names.

The submitter should be informed that Maire was considered too holy to use as a given name by the Irish for much of our period, and that mixing Gaelic and English spellings was vanishingly rare. Lastly a Gaelic feminine name should use a feminine form of the patronymic. Thus a much more authentic name would be Máel Muire ingen Bhriain (for up to about 1200) or Maol Mhuire inghean Bhriain (for 1200 to the end of period), where Máel Muire is a name derived from "devotee of Mary" and was what the Irish often used instead of Maire. (10/1999)

Mairead MacLabhrain. Name.

In Gaelic, the patronymic marker mac can only be used with a masculine name; this needs the feminine patronymic marker inghean instead. Additionally, Mairead is a 20th century form of the given name; the late period Máirghréad would be acceptable. The submitter, however, allowed no changes so we must return the name. (03/2000)

Mairi Ceilidh. Name and device. Per bend azure and Or, a lizard tergiant regardant bendwise and a bird close counterchanged.

No evidence was submitted as to why 'a social event featuring food, drink, and music' would be a reasonable byname.

The lizard is not in a blazonable position. The drawing is not really as seen from above, but rather from a three-quarter view. (06/2000)

Malachi of East River. Device. Argent, a bend embattled counter-embattled gules between two anvils sable.

Conflict with Leif Tryggvason, Argent, a bend bretessed gules between a dragon rampant and a maple leaf sable. There is only one CD for change of type of the secondary charges. (02/2000)

Malcolm MacAdaim. Device. Gules, two serpents volute about each other, heads to center fesswise, argent and Or.

No documentation was provided showing examples of two serpents being combined in this manner (two interleaved spirals). Furthermore, the emblazon is not reproducible from this blazon (it is unclear which serpent is argent and which is Or), nor could anyone come up with a better one. (02/2000)

Malgar Thorvik. Device. Or, a pale rayonny pean between six flames gules each charged with an open pennanular brooch Or.

The depiction of rayonny had too many rayons; moreover, the base of the rayonny should be pointed as well. (07/2001)

Malkolm Tay. Device. Azure, a chevron argent ermined vert surmounted by a man-catcher issuant from base Or.

The identifying features of the man-catcher are the joint of the handle and the head and the spikes, both of which are on the low contrast chevron. Therefore this is returned for unidentifiabilty. If the man-catcher is drawn so that the entire head is on the azure field it would be acceptable. (02/2000)

Marcus Caecilius Existimator. Device. Gules, a pale wreathed argent and azure winged Or.

No evidence has been presented, nor was any found, that ordinaries can be winged. We could not reblazon this as a vol with a pale overall, as the wings clearly originate at the edge of the pale. (12/2000)

Maredudd Angharad ferch Gwenhyfar. Badge for Eirene Tzimiskina Kontostephanina. Per pale Or and argent, a winged lion rampant guardant sable.

This badge was submitted on a device form instead of a badge form. Badges must be submitted on the badge form, although the submitter is free to display it on any shape she desires. (10/2000)

Margaret Hepburn of Ardrossan. Device. Azure, a greyhound couchant regardant argent collared gules within an orle issuant from the outer edge eight acorns leaved argent.

The submitter justified the unusual treatment of the orle by citing examples in Spain of crosses terminating in acorns plus an example in Germany of a bend issuing flower. Crosses, however, traditionally have a far greater number of unusual treatments than any other type of charge, and the acorns only issue from the ends of the cross, not from the entire cross. Furthermore, none of the examples cited included the much more complex example of having acorns plus leaves issuing from a charge. Barring additional evidence, we feel that this treatment is not consistent with period style. (07/2001)

Margaret Powell. Device. Argent, a talbot passant guardant azure and on a chief vert three crosses formy Or.

The device conflicts with Lucrezia di Francesca Argent, a hound statant and on a chief azure three crosses swallowtail Or. There is a CD for change to the color of the chief. A cross swallowtail is significantly different from a cross formy but not substantially different, so there is no difference for changing just the type of the tertiary charges. (07/1999)

Margaret Singh. Name (see PENDS for device).

As we wrote in the July 2000 LoAR,

While we allow real-world name elements in SCA names without further documentation, this is restricted to cases where "such elements are not excessively obtrusive." Combining a Gaelic Irish given name with what appears to be a non-European surname falls afoul of this restriction.

Combining an English given name with a Hindi byname is no less obtrusive. (02/2001)

Marguerite des Baux. Badge. (Fieldless) A yale passant argent spotted gules.

Conflict with a badge for Bronwen o Gydweli, An antelope statant argent. By the precedent set in August 1991 LoAR (p. 21, s.n. Jervisa Wainwright), there is not a CD between an antelope and a yale, and by the precedent set in November 1995 (p. 13, s.n. Ciarán Dubh Ó Tuathail), the spots on a yale can be drawn or left off at the artist's discretion and thus do not generate difference. (06/2000)

Maria da Modena. Name.

This name is being returned for mundane conflict with Mary of Modena (1658-1718), the wife of James II of England. She has her own entry in the Encyclopedia Britannica. (08/1999)

Maria Elena de los Santos. Device. Azure, on a bend between two angels contourny blowing trumpets argent three roses proper.

The angels are depicted with their faces and part of their upper torso turned away from the viewer. They should be redrawn either facing to the side or facing forward. The standard heraldic depiction is facing forward. (08/2000)

Maria the Black. Device. Argent, a panther sable gorged of a chain and collar Or above a base rayonny gules, and for augmentation in the mouth of the panther a roundel argent charged with a pale gules overall a dragon passant vert and for a second augmentation suspended from the collar a roundel gules charged with a heart argent charged with a pawprint sable.

The augmentations are too small to be recognizable and do not match any known period method of displaying augmentations. In addition, the base coat, as well as each augmentation, must be submitted and considered as separate items, although they all can be considered in the same letter. (06/2001)

Marian Nicholes du Bois. Device. Azure, on a pale purpure fimbriated a cat's head cabossed between a crescent pendant and a crescent Or.

Conflict with the badge for the Royal University of Scirhafoc (Kingdom of Calontir), Or, on a pale purpure three hawk's lures Or. There is a CD for the change to field but nothing for the fimbriation. As the tertiary charges are not identical, Marian's device is not a simple case for the purpose of RfS X.4.j.ii. Therefore there is not an additional CD for changing the type only of the tertiary charges. (10/2000)

Maridonna Benvenuti. Device change. Per pale Or and sable, a cross bottony counterchanged.

Conflict with Stephan of Monmouth, Per pale Or and sable, a cross of Jerusalem counterchanged. There is a CD for the change of type between a cross of Jerusalem and a cross bottony. However, there is not the substantial change of type needed to clear it by RfS X.2, Difference of Primary Charges. (06/2001)

Marina Zonara. Name.

No copies of the documentation were included, so that we could not examine the accuracy of the sources. As no other justification was given for the name, we must return it. (08/1999)

Marion le Red. Device. Per fess azure, fretty argent, and azure, in base a daisy palewise argent, seeded Or.

There is no evidence of any use in period of fretty that arbitrarily stops in the middle of the shield. (01/2000)

Marjory Ayson de Dundee. Name and device. Per fess vert and Or, two cats sejant respectant argent and a cat sejant affronty sable .

This is withdrawn by Rouge Scarpe for redrawing because although the forms shows two cats sejant respectant , the Pennsic worksheet and blazon was for two cats couchant respectant . (05/2000)

Marta as tu Mika-Mysliwy. Alternate name Baga Bagbaazai.

The documentation for the name was insufficient: while the construction was cited as period, nothing was said about the words used. Also, the source used is not on the no-photocopy list, but we received no copies. (02/2001)

Martim Ruiz do Porto. Badge. (Fieldless) A cross crosslet fitchy gules.

Conflict with William de Rouen, Per pale argent and Or, a cross crosslet fitchy gules. There is only one CD for fieldlessness. (10/1999)

Martin Diaz. Device. Argent, on a bend sinister cotised azure, three mullets of six points palewise argent.

Conflict with Darlene of Caithness, Argent, on a bend sinister cotised azure between a teazel purpure leaved vert and a sprig of blueberry proper, two compass stars palewise argent. [Vaccinium corymeosum]. Current policy is to not grant different between mullets of six or more points, thus there is not a CD for changing the number only of the tertiary charges, leaving only one CD for removing a secondary charge group. (08/2000)

Martin Fletcher. Device. Per saltire argent and gules, an eagle displayed, and in chief two compass stars sable.

No forms were sent to Laurel. (11/2000)

Mary Amanda. Name and device. Argent semy of rosebuds gules slipped and leaved vert, a harp sable.

The submission consists of the given names, in order, of the submitter. As this is one of the possible common use names, we have to return this submission for conflict against the submitter herself, protected under section III.A.9 of the Administrative Handbook.

While blazoned as garden roses an examination of the emblazon shows them to be rosebuds. Rosebuds have not been registerable as charges since November 1994. (09/2000)

Mary of Mull. Device. Or, a crow contourny sable, a base rayonny gules.

Conflict with Suzanne of Ravenhill, reblazoned elsewhere in this letter, Or, a raven contourny sable maintaining a broken tilting spear banded sable and gules. There is a CD for the addition of the base, but no CD for the removal of the maintained charge. (06/2000)

Matilda Merryweather. Device. Per bend sinister wavy azure and vert, a Latin cross bottony fitchy Or.

The device is returned for conflict with Launcelot de Westwood, (reg. 9/73), Azure, a cross botonny fitchy Or. There is 1 CD for the field, but none for the difference in the crosses. (08/1999)

Matilda Merryweather. Device. Per bend sinister wavy azure and vert, a Latin cross bottony Or, a bordure argent.

By long-standing precedent we do not allow a charge to overlap a low contrast complex line of division except when the overlap is so small that the line of division is not obscured. In this case the arms of the cross interfered with the identifiability of the wavy line. (07/2000)

Matsuyamaji no Mokurai. Name.

No summary of the documentation was included in the letter of intent, so the college was unable to properly evaluate the name. The documentation included by the submitter was also insufficient: the dictionary citations included only the kanji without transliteration so we were unable to determine if the translation is plausible. There was also a copy of the Compleat Anachronist article included in the documentation, but no citations were given and there was nothing we could find that would justify the name. Therefore we must return the name for lack of documentation.

The device was registered under the name Eric of Eisental. (08/1999)

Matthias Fledermus. Device. Azure, in chief a reremouse and a bordure embattled argent.

The device is being returned for lack of paperwork. (07/1999)

Maura MacPharlain. Name.

Maura is not justifiable as a period Irish name, as it is a diminutive of Maire, which did not appear in Ireland until the end of our period. There is a possible justification of Maura as a feminization of an 8th c. Frankish male name, but there are other problems. Morlet lists Maura to 739, while MacPharlain is first cited in 1385 (Black, s.n. MacFarlane). Thus the name would have two weirdnesses: the combination of French and Scots Gaelic and temporal incompatibility. (02/2000)

Maximilian von Aurich. Device. Sable, on a chevron argent three vols gules.

The submitter has permission to conflict with Rafaella d'Allemtejo, Sable, on a chevron throughout argent an escallop vert; however, he is still in conflict with Ulrich Schwarzwolf, Sable, on a chevron argent a double-bitted axe between two wolves combatant sable, registered March 2000, with only a single CD for multiple changes to the tertiary charges. (04/2000)

MAXWELL, Earl of Nithsdale. Device. Argent, a saltire sable.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Meadhbh inghean Shéamuis. Device. Argent, a dragon passant within an orle purpure.

Conflict with Alberad von Westerwanna, cited in the letter of intent, Argent, a dragon statant purpure breathing flames proper, in dexter chief a cauldron purpure. There is a CD for changing a cauldron to an orle, but the orle's position on the field is forced, so there is not a second CD for changing the position of the secondary charge. (12/2000)

Meadhbh ní Shiobhán. Device. Per pale embattled vert and gules, a harp Or and a wolf sejant ululant argent.

The embattlements on the large form are even smaller than as drawn on the mini-emblazon, thus making the line of division unidentifiable. Furthermore, please inform that submitter that harp strings should be angled to attach to the soundbox instead of straight up and down. (11/1999)

Mechelen, Barons of. Device. Paly Or and gules, on an escutcheon Or a double-heased eagle displayed sable.

No evidence was given that the Barons/Barony of Mechelen was an independent entity, nor that it is otherwise important enough or familiar enough to protect. See the Cover Letter for more details. (12/2000)

Medb ingen Domnaill uí Somhairle. Device. Checky Or and azure, a swan rising wings displayed argent, gorged of a collar sable.

Conflict with badge for Widsith Devona of Exmoor, reblazoned elsewhere on this letter, Per bend sinister sable and vert, a snowy egret rising wings displayed argent. There is a CD for the field, but nothing for the difference in type between the two birds. (07/2001)

Medb ingen Domnaill. Name and device. Checky azure and Or, a swan rising reguardant wings displayed argent gorged of a collar sable .

This conflicts with Meadhbh ni Dhomhnaill , registered in April 1996. Both given names and patronymics differ only in the period of the orthography, and no difference is given from the change from ni to ingen .

The position of the head of the swan is unblazonable. It is not reguardant, as that would be turned backwards, not down and under. (05/2000)

Mefrouwe Beatrix op den See. Name.

There are several problems with this name. First, Mefrouwe is a form of address that literally means 'My Lady' — it is therefore inappropriate in an SCA name. Further, op den See does not mean 'from the Sea' but 'at sea', in the sense of being afloat . The appropriate form of the lake would be van der See. We would have corrected these problems and changed the name to Beatrix van der See, but as she does not allow us to drop name elements we have to return this.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Beatrix van der See. (09/2000)

MENZIES of Menzies. Device. Argent, a chief gules.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Mercedes Amici. Name.

The submitter documented the given name from De Felice, I Nomi Degli Italiani; however, De Felice notes that Mercedes entered Italy from Spain. Because Mercedes is not found in Spain until well after 1600, the name could not have been found in period Italy. (01/2000)

Meridies, Kingdom of. Badge for the Order of the Argent Slipper. Sable, a slipper within a bordure argent.

Blazoned with a sable field, the forms showed an argent field, which violated the rules of contrast. (08/2000)

Meridies, Kingdom of. Badge. Sable, on a pale between two rapiers argent a rose gules barbed and seeded argent.

Conflict with the Order of the White Scarf (Kingdom of Ansteorra), Sable, on a pale argent between two rapiers, guards to center, proper, in chief a mullet of five greater and five lesser points sable, the Order of the White Scarf of the Outlands (Kingdom of the Outlands), Sable, on a pale argent between two rapiers proper, a stag’s antler vert, and Gary of Dragon’s Aerie, Sable, on a pale between two wolves combattant argent a rose slipped and leaved sable. For the first two cases, there is only a single CD for the changes to the tertiary charges. For the last case, there is a CD for the change of type of secondary charges, but nothing for adding the slip, and nothing for changing the tincture only of the tertiary charge. (03/2000)

Meridies, Kingdom of. Name for the Royal University of Meridies.

With the exception of the University of Atlantia, registered in 1982, and the Royal University of Ithraall examples of universities are listed as references, not registered names. Therefore, we consider the name to be generic and thus not needing registration. (01/2000)

Meridies, Kingdom of. Order name Companionate of the Meridian Queen’s Rapier Champion.

The name is too generic to register. Note that Meridies can have a Queen’s Rapier Champion, and can even have a companionate of former champions, but the name Queen’s Rapier Champion cannot be protected. (03/2000)

Metylda of Clann Mhuirich. Name.

Bynames of the type of Clan X have been disallowed since late 1998. As she allows no major changes we have to return the name. (06/2000)

Michael Haroldsson. Name.

This conflicts with Mikjal Haraldson, registered in October 1995. (06/2000)

Michael of Caernarfon. Device. Sable, two bendlets embattled counter-embattled between two unicorn’s heads erased Or.

The bendlets are not bendlets embattled counter-embattled, nor could anyone come up with a blazon for them. In the words of Clarion herald:

This is one of those artistic design problems that are hard to describe in words and easy to say in pictures, but basically a bendlet embattled counterembattled doesn’t squiggle back and forth -- if you draw a line down the middle of a bendlet embattled counterembattled, it doesn’t ever touch the field. If you draw a line down the middle of one of these charges, it touches the field about 1/3 to 1/2 the time. This kind of square zigzag does seem to be used as part of a lightning flash, or the lightning flash part of a lightning bolt, which is where the confusion might arise (11/1999)

Michael of Palestine. Device. Per pale azure and argent crescenty azure, a sun in splendor and a sword inverted counterchanged.

The device violates RfS XI.3, Armory that appears to marshal independent arms is considered presumptuous. In this case, the device has the appearance of two completely separate coats of arms impaled. (06/2000)

Michael of the Mace. Badge. (Fieldless) An Oriental dragon tergiant head facing sinister sable.

The badge uses the restricted charge a five-toed Oriental dragon. The charge cannot be used in the Society because it was used only by Emperors of China. (09/2000)

Michael Silverhand. Device. Quarterly azure and argent.

Conflict with Aethelstan of Axford, Quarterly azure and argent, an orle embattled on the inner edge counterchanged. An orle is a peripheral ordinary; therefore RfS X.1 (Addition of Primary Charge) does not apply. Thus there is only a single CD for removing the orle. (11/2000)

Michael Silverhand. Device. Quarterly per fess embattled azure and argent.

Withdrawn by the submitter. (08/2000)

Michela Delfino. Device. Azure, a cross argent between in chief two sets of five mullets in saltire Or and in base two dolphins haurient respectant argent.

Conflict with Greece (important real-world arms), Azure, a cross argent. There is only a single CD for the addition of the secondary charges. (04/2000)

Middle Kingdom. Device change for the Consort of the Middle Kingdom. Argent, a pale gules, overall a dragon passant vert, in chief an ancient crown Or within a chaplet of roses argent, barbed and seeded proper.

This is returned for a redraw because the chaplet of roses was not a chaplet; it was not drawn as anything close to a closed circle. (04/2000)

Middle Kingdom. Household name Middle Kingdom Archers.

This name is too generic to register by itself, although it could be used as an identifier for a badge. The badge it was to be associated with, A pheon inverted within and conjoined to an annulet Or, was also requested to be associated with the Award of the Dragon's Flight. While we will allow more than one badge to be associated with a single order or household, we do not allow a single badge to be associated with more than one item. (02/2000)

Midewinde, Shire of. Device.

Only one copy of the device form was submitted. (02/2000)

Miles Blackmoor. Device. Checky azure and Or, an eagle displayed within a bordure argent.

The device, as it appeared on the forms, lacked a bordure. Therefore, it still conflicts with the house of Este and the arms of Modena, Azure, an eagle displayed argent crowned Or among others. (10/1999)

Minna of Tintagel. Device. Or, a fish embowed haurient barry sable and argent.

Conflict with the Dauphin of France (important real-world armory), Or, a dolphin haurient azure finned gules. Because Minna's fish is drawn with a curved neck and a back ridge, it looks more like a heraldic dolphin than period depictions of heraldic fish. Therefore there is not a CD for changing the type of charge, leaving only a single CD for changing the tincture of the primary charge group. (11/2000)

Mirabel of Foxrun. Name and device. Per fess argent and vert, two foxes courant counterchanged.

No evidence was provided, and no one could find any, that -run is a reasonable terminal element to combine with Fox-. The element -run does not refer to where something runs or is hunted. The submitter may want to consider the documented surname Foxtun, derived from the documented Foxton (1202) and Foxtune (both from Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, s.n. Foxton).

The foxes are neither passant nor courant, but somewhere in between, blurring the distinction between them. Therefore the device is returned for a redraw as one or the other. (10/1999)

Mitchell MacBain. Household name La Grande Compagnie des Coqs Blancs.

No evidence was provided that "Grand Company of the White Cocks" follows any known pattern of period names in French. As the College could not find such evidence either we have to return this. (03/2001)

Mivanou merch Deicyn Maur. Name and device. Per bend sinister sable and azure, in bend a roundel between and conjoined in fess to an increscent and a decrescent and a sun Or.

There are three different types of primary charges on the field (roundel, crescent, and sun), violating the complexity rule of thumb in RfS VIII.I.a. Furthermore conjoining the roundel and the crescents severely reduces their identifiability ("The conjoining of the increscent, roundel and decrescent are distinctly non-period. While we will reluctantly register the arrangement of an increscent, roundel and decrescent if they aren’t conjoined, the conjoining makes them unidentifiable as well as non-period. (Jaella of Armida, LoAR September 1997, p. 23)"). (03/2000)

Modar Neznanich. Device change. Per pale argent and purpure, a mullet of eight interlocking mascles counterchanged.

Conflict with the badge for Rafael Diego de Burgos, Per pale argent and purpure, a mullet voided counterchanged. While there is a CD between the two mullets, there is not the substantial difference needed to clear these by RfS X.2, Difference of Primary Charge. (07/2001)

Moira McKay. Device. Argent, a rose azure barbed and seeded Or between three hedgehogs sable.

Conflict with Alyanora of Vinca, Argent a periwinkle (vinca minor) proper. Periwinkles are bluish purple and by current precedent (see the September 1996 LoAR, pg. 17, s.n. Rosalyn MacGregor) they are not significantly different from either blue or purple roses. Therefore, there is only a single CD for the addition of the secondary charges. (07/2000)

Móirín Bean Tagraídh. Name change from holding name Cindy of Angels.

The documentation for the given name was not properly summarized on the LoI: it is not sufficient to tell that a name is found in one of the standard sources, we need to know why this supports the current submission. In fact, while the name appears in Ó Corrain and Maguire’s Irish Names, it does so in a section of the name article where they discuss modern forms. As for the byname, while the words were found in a Gaelic dictionary no evidence was presented that the combination would be reasonable as an Irish descriptive byname. (01/2001)

Móirne inghean Étaín. Name.

There are no known examples of metronymics in Gaelic names outside of two examples both involving royalty whose claim to the throne was through the female line. The documentation was also unclear as to whether Móirne was used in period.

Her device and badge were registered under the holding name Cindy of Angels. (03/2000)

Molon Munokhoi Tsagan. Device. Gules, on a bezant four roundels two and two gules.

The device is in technical violation of XI.4, Arms of Pretense, "Armory that uses charges which themselves are charged in such a way as to appear to be arms of pretense is considered presumptuous. Period and modern heraldic practice asserts a claim to land or property by surmounting an individual's usual armory with a display of armory associated with that claim. Such arms of pretense are most commonly placed on an inescutcheon or lozenge, but may also appear on other geometric charges such as roundels, cartouches, etc. For this reason, such charges may not be charged in such a way as to suggest independent arms. Such charges may not contain an ordinary that terminates at the edge, or more than one charge." As the device contains a roundel charged with more than one charge, it must be returned. (03/2001)

Monika Abendschoen. Device. Gules, a fess embattled counter-embattled ermine fretty azure between two garbs and a stag springing Or.

This was registered in November, 2000. (05/2001)

Mons Draconis, Canton of. Badge. (Fieldless) In pale a demi-wyvern vert issuant from a tower gules.

The tower is drawn as issuant from base. As it is fieldless, it cannot issue from the edge of a non-existent field. (03/2000)

Mons Tonitrus, Barony of. Household name Order of the Silver Stars of Mons Tonitrus.

By the precedent set in the July 1997 LoAR, plural nouns are not allowed in order names. Also, according to RfS V.2.a, names of SCA branches are not descriptive elements; they are therefore invisible when determining whether a conflict exists. This name therefore conflicts with the US military decoration of Silver Star. While we do not intend to protect every military decoration, this is one of the few that is well enough known and prestigious enough to warrant protection. (11/2000)

Mons von Goarshausen. Device. Per saltire vert and purpure, a satyr maintaining a sword in its dexter hand and maintaining a tankard in its sinister hand Or.

We do not register rampant humanoids. Additionally, the satyr was drawn with the torso affronty and the legs to dexter, which is an unblazonable and three dimensional posture. (11/1999)

MONTGOMERIE, Earl of Eglinton. Device. Gules, three finger rings Or gemmed azure.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Morgaine of Glastonbury. Name.

While the given name would be registerable as her real-world middle name, the name as a whole has serious problems. As early as the excavations by the monks of Glastonbury in 1191, there was an association between Glastonbury Tor and Isle of Avalon or Avallon where Arthur was said to be buried. As this association has continued to the present day, we should be very careful about using the locative Glastonbury in any context where we would not happily use Avalon; after all, the two have been seen as the same place from the twelfth century on. Looking at another twelfth-century work, the Vita Merlini, which was written in verse around 1150 and is generally attributed to Geoffrey of Monmouth (author of the History of the Kings of Britain), we see Morgen as the ruler of the Isle of Apples (i.e., Avalon).

All in all, the name is tantamount to a claim to be Morgan le Fay and therefore falls afoul our rules against presumption. (07/2000)

Morgan ap Grufydd. Name.

This name has two problems. First, it conflicts with Morgan Griffin, registered in October 1990. Second, it claims relationship with Griffith ap Morgan ap Griffith, registered in June 1992. Either of these problems would be sufficient to return this submission.

His device has been registered under the name Morgan of Ben Dunfirth. (06/2001)

Morgan O Cinneide. Device. Per chevron purpure and vert, in sinister chief a mullet argent, in base a moon in her complement per pale sable and argent between five fleurs-de-lys in annulo, points outward, Or.

This has a complexity count of eight, which is just at the limit. However, combined with the highly unusual arrangement of both primary and secondary charges and the poor contrast of half of the moon, the armory as a whole must be returned for non period style. (11/1999)

Morgan of Osprey. Device. Vert, a pawprint bendwise sinister Or within a bordure Or lozengy sable.

As far as we know, a pawprint with three evenly spaced toes is not found in nature. Barring documtation for this form of pawprint, we must return it. (11/1999)

Muirgheal inghean uí Ógaín. Device. Sable, a seadragon and in chief three annulets Or.

Conflict with the badge for Ulric Grimmheld, reblazoned elsewhere in this letter, Sable, a dragon segreant guardant maintaining a sledge-hammer Or. Because a seadragon is almost identical in shape to a wyvern, which is an artistic variant of a dragon, there is not a CD between a dragon and a seadragon, and an examination of Ulric's device showed that the hammer was maintained. Thus there is only a single CD for adding the annulets. (12/2000)

Muirne inghean Séamus Ó Corcra. Name and device. Argent, three mice couchant purpure.

Unfortunately, Ó Corráin and Maguire, Irish Names, only cite Muirne as the mother of Finn mac Cumaill — who, as they note under Finn, was really a Celtic god. The submitter might consider Muirenn instead; Ó Corráin and Maguire say it "was an extremely popular name in the early period". The patronymic byname needs to be in the genitive case, which would usually also make it lenited: inghean Shéamuis.

Mu-Man Dkon-Mchōg Näm. Name.

Tibetan names were ruled unacceptable by Talan Gwynek in November 1995:

More important, significant interaction between Tibet and pre-seventeenth century Western culture has not been demonstrated. The Encyclopædia Britannica dates the first visits to Tibet by Western missionaries to the 17th century, and the fact that the 8th century Tibetan kingdom had some contact with the Arab conquerors of Iran still leaves Tibetans at least two removes from Western Europe.

Also, the documentation for this name consisted of a letter from a professor of Tibetan studies in Sakya Monastery. However, no background information was given for the academic status of the monastery, and the information on the letter was not supported by, for example, photocopies of a dictionary showing the name elements. Thus we would have had problems with the documentation even if Tibetan names were registerable.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Melody of An Tir. (04/2001)

Mungo Amadan Mor. Name.

No evidence was given showing that Mungo was ever used except as a nickname of the 6th century saint. We will accept the documented devotional form Cosmungo, but not the name itself barring evidence of its use as a given name (and not a nickname) in period.

His armory was registered under the name Todd of Esfenn. (01/2000)

MUNRO of Foulis. Device. Or, an eagle’s head erased gules.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Murchad Dal Cais. Name.

The Dal Cais appears to have been an alliance of clans. No evidence was provided, nor was any found by the College, that the name was used as a byname. Barring evidence that it was, the name must be returned. (03/2001)

Murchad inn digri. Device. Azure, a chevron and in chief two ram’s heads erased respectant argent.

Conflict with Conrad d’Anjou, Azure, a chevron and in chief two sheaves of arrows argent. A sheaf is considered a single charge, therefore there is only a single CD for changing the type of the secondary charges. (06/2001)

Muriel FitzLloyd. Device. Ermine, a talbot rampant contourny pean.

No forms were sent to Laurel. In addition, according to the Letter of Intent, this was submitted as a device for the alternate name Martin Fitzhug. Please inform the submitter that she may only have one device; if she wishes to submit arms for her alternate person it must be submitted as a badge and on a badge form. (12/2000)

MURRAY, Earl of Tullibardine. Device. Azure, three mullets argent. For augmentation, a double tressure flory counter-flory Or.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Myghell MacEdward de Grey. Device. Quarterly sable and vert, a snow leopard's head affronty erased proper collared gules.

The Letter of Intent claimed that the February 2000 LoAR listed the device as returned but did not give any reason for the return; however, all of the copies of the LoAR that I can find indicate that the device was registered in February 2000. (10/2000)

Myles Blackheath. Device. Per chevron argent and azure, two fleurs-de-lys and a tower counterchanged.

Conflict with the badge for the Order of the Towers of Dreiburgen, Argent, on a pile inverted throughout azure a tower argent. By precedent, Dreiburgen's badge can be blazoned as Per chevron argent and azure, in base a tower argent. Either way there is only a single CD for adding the fleurs-de-lys. (11/2000)

Naadira an-Noor. Name.

The byname as submitted has serious problems. Nur appears to be a modern given name (in use, for instance, by the current Queen Mother of Jordan), but we could not find evidence of its use as a period byname. Also, Salahuddin Ahmed's A Dictionary of Muslim Names, notes that al-Noor 'the Light' is one of the names of Allah, so the name appears to be presumptuous as well.

On the other hand, there is a masculine byname al-Nuri in Da'ud ibn Auda's Arabic Names List. While this byname is derived from the city of Nur and not the meaning 'light', the submitter might want to consider the feminine form al-Nuriyya. (07/2000)

Namur, Counts of. Device. Or, a lion rampant sable, overall a bendlet gules.

No evidence was given that the Counts/County of Namur was an independent entity, nor that it is otherwise important enough or familiar enough to protect. See the Cover Letter for more details. (12/2000)

Nastasiia MacNeill. Badge. (Fieldless) A unicorn's head to sinister argent armed and crined Or.

Conflict with Rachel von Baeker, Bendy sinister of eight azure and Or, a unicorn's head erased to sinister argent, its horn enfiled of a chaplet palewise of clove pinks slipped and leaved proper. [Dianthus caryophullus], and the badge for Kathryn Fitzroy of Bath, Sable, a unicorn's head couped reversed argent, entwined about the alicorne a serpent, head to sinister, gules. An examination of the emblazons shows that both the chaplet and the serpent are too small to be significant, therefore in both cases there is only a single CD for fieldlessness. (09/2000)

Nastasiia MacNeill. Device. Quarterly purpure and gules, a unicorn's head couped contourny argent armed and crined Or.

Conflict with Rachel von Baeker, Bendy sinister of eight azure and Or, a unicorn's head erased to sinister argent, its horn enfiled of a chaplet palewise of clove pinks slipped and leaved proper. [Dianthus caryophullus], and the badge for Kathryn Fitzroy of Bath, Sable, a unicorn's head couped reversed argent, entwined about the alicorne a serpent, head to sinister, gules. An examination of the emblazons shows that both the chaplet and the serpent are too small to be significant, therefore in both cases there is only a single CD for the change to the field. (09/2000)

Natalya Berkutova Voronina. Device. Argent, a vol sable, on a chief triangular azure a wolf’s head caboshed argent.

The chief descends below the per fess line. This is far too low for a chief triangular, but still far to high for a pile, even without the vol beneath it. (11/1999)

Natasha Orionova Zateeva. Badge. Azure, an amphora Or.

This device is in conflict with the badge of the College of Scribes of the Kingdom of the West, Sable, an ink flask Or. A comparison of emblazons shows that the charges are virtually identical. (10/1999)

Neamhain inghean uí hEidirsceóil. Name and device. Per pale argent and sable, a scythe and a broom inverted crossed in saltire counterchanged.

Ó Corráin and Maguire’s documentation for Neamhain lists the name only as an ancient Irish war goddess. Without documentation that humans used this name in period, we must return it. As she does not allow a holding name to be formed, we must return the armory as well.

The submitter should be informed that the correct form of the patronymic (for women’s names) is inghean uí Eidirsceóil. (08/1999)

Nesta Coed. Device. Or, a sprig of mistletoe inverted bendwise sinister proper, a bordure sable.

While the LoI blazoned the sprig as bendwise sinister, it is actually midway between that and palewise. Since we grant a difference for this, this problem is cause for return. Additionally this conflicts with Wulf Beornsson Or, a sprig of three poison ivy leaves inverted vert within a bordure sable., with one CD for type of the two sprigs. (06/23/1999)

Netherlands Antilles. Flag. Argent, a pale gules, overall on a fess azure five mullets in annulo argent.

Netherlands Antilles is not a sovereign nation so its flag is not automatically important enough to protect, and no evidence was given to indicate why it should otherwise be protected. (11/1999)

Norborough, Marche of. Device. Or, a pavillion vert within a laurel wreath and on a chief vert, three compass stars Or.

The petition forms did not include a description of the armory. (09/1999)

Octavia Columella. Device. Per pale gules and argent, a column counterchanged.

Laurel precedent has long forbidden counterchanging long skinny objects along its long axis. (01/2000)

Octavio de Flores. Device. Argent, eight garden rosebuds conjoined in escarbuncle slipped and leaved proper.

Garden rosebuds have been banned since November 1994, barring evidence of their use in period. If drawn with heraldic (or standard garden) roses, the device conflicts with Judith the Rose, Argent, a rose gules slipped and leaved proper. There would be only a single CD for the number of roses. (09/2000)

OGILVY, Earl of Airlie. Device. Argent, a lion passant guardant gules, crowned or [and sometimes gorged of a crown or as well].

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Olaf Blodhøx. Badge for Shadewes Company. Per bend sinister sable and gules, a bend sinister argent, overall a bull’s skull argent .

A complex overall charge must not share the same tincture as the ordinary it is surmounting. In this case, the submitters had to make the bend sinister very narrow to make the skull visible at all. (05/2000)

Olaf Bygolly. Name.

The byname was justified based on the existence of the period byname Bygot, by God. As an oath, by golly was not used until the 19th century. The submitter tried to justify the name as a form of by <religious figure>, with Golly as a variant of the religious figure Goliath . We know of no such examples, however, outside of Bygot and it is too much of a stretch to go from by God to by <anything else>.

His armory was registered under the holding name Olaf of Blackhawk. (04/2000)

Olwen the Odd. Device. Azure, in pale a comet bendwise argent and a crescent, a tierce Or.

The device was withdrawn at the request of the submitter. (12/2000)

One Thousand Eyes, Barony of. Order name The Order of Artist.

This does not follow known period examples of order names. While orders were named after saints, as the submitters note, the order name is consistently formed from the saint's given name. We were unable to find any period order names that were formed from a byname or occupation. In general, period order names were either given names of saints, other references to Christianity (like Order of the Holy Ghost or Order of the Faith of Jesus Christ), or they were named after physical items (like Order of the Garter, Order of the Star, or Order of the Knot). The submitted name does not fit any of these categories. (10/2000)

One Thousand Eyes, Barony of. Order name The Order of the Keeper of the Peacock.

This does not follow known period examples of order names. In general, period order names were either given names of saints, other references to Christianity (like Order of the Holy Ghost or Order of the Faith of Jesus Christ), or they were named after physical items (like Order of the Garter, Order of the Star, or Order of the Knot). The submitted name does not fit any of these categories. (10/2000)

One Thousand Eyes, Barony of. Order name The Order of the Wellspring.

This does not follow known period examples of order names. The argument made on the LoI was that a wellspring was a possible heraldic charge. While this argument has some merit in that some order names come from items that could be heraldic charges, it also fails in that a wellspring is not a heraldic charge. It is a special type of stream, not easily depicted as a distinct entity different from a regular stream.

In general, period order names were either given names of saints, other references to Christianity (like Order of the Holy Ghost or Order of the Faith of Jesus Christ), or they were named after physical items (like Order of the Garter, Order of the Star, or Order of the Knot). The submitted name does not fit any of these categories. (10/2000)

Ophelia Mulryan. Device. Per bend sinister azure and argent, a mermaid in her vanity proper crined gules, in chief three escallops argent.

Long precedent and period heraldic practice make Caucasian skin equivalent to argent. If drawn properly, the effectively argent skin of the mermaid would be largely against the argent part of the field. Even as carefully drawn, there is too much of the mermaid's skin against the argent part of the field. Therefore, this must be returned for violating RfS VIII.2, Armorial Contrast. (11/2000)

Ophelia Osborne. Badge. (Fieldless) A dragonfly argent.

Conflict with Mairghread Maire Draigdaimhalachd, Per saltire azure and vert, a dragonfly tergiant displayed argent, orbed Or, with only a single CD for fieldlessness. (05/2001)

Órfhlaith ní Dhubháin. Device. Per bend sinister Or and sable, a horse’s head couped counterchanged gorged of a chaplet of shamrocks vert, an orle counterchanged.

This uses trian aspect; the line of mane shows that the neck is twisted. Please also advise the submitter that the mane should not obscure the couping of the horse’s neck. (11/1999)

Oriana of Xylina. Badge. Or, a lizard rampant sable, collared and chained argent, a bordure sable.

The primary charge was not identifiable as a lizard. The neck of the creature was too long, and the hind legs of the creature are significantly larger than the forelegs. Both of these details were enough to question if the charge was actually a dinosaur, a creature unknown to period Europeans. (12/2000)

Oriane d’Avallon. Badge. (Fieldless) A sunburst argent.

Conflict with the badge of Edward III, A sunburst Or issuant from clouds proper. There is one CD for fieldlessness. However, the opinion of the College is that there is not a CD for the change of color of only the rays of the sunburst. (01/2001)

Overijssel, Barons of. Device. Or, a lion rampant gules, overall a fess wavy azure.

No evidence was given that the Barons/Barony of Overijssel was an independent entity, nor that it is otherwise important enough or familiar enough to protect. See the Cover Letter for more details. (12/2000)

Owain Edwardson. Name.

Conflict with the registered name Owen FitzEdward. There is insufficient difference between the given names because they are simply spelling variants of the same name. As Fitz and -son indicate the same relationship there is also insufficient difference in the bynames. (03/2000)

Owen Blaidd. Device. Gules, on a decrescent Or a bear's pawprint bendwise gules, on a chief Or an arrow fesswise reversed sable.

This is being returned for a redraw. The arrow needs to be drawn with large fletching and point and the pawprint needs to be clearly drawn either palewise or bendwise, not halfway between the two as it is now. (06/23/1999)

Owlhaven, Shire of. Device. Argent, a laurel wreath sustained by a wyvern's jambe vert issuant from a ford proper.

There was no petition supplied with the re-submission. (09/2000)

Oyn Cefnog. Device. Sable, on a pile ployé Or three pheons gules.

This is returned for conflict with the March of Grimfells, Sable, on a pile throughout Or a spiderweb throughout sable charged with a laurel wreath vert. There is only one CD for the changes to the charges on the pile. In addition, the pile needs to be more obviously ployé. (09/1999)

Padraig MacDubhghaill. Name.

This name was registered to the submitter as Pádraic Mac Dubhghaille in January 1998. (07/2001)

Panthera Kallista. Name and device. Argent, a chevron gules between two reremice and a panther's head sable.

In Latin contexts Panthera would have been a cognomen, roughly equivalent to a byname. No evidence was provided that it was used as a given name; we therefore have to return this.

The device is in conflict with Cynwrig Cynydd, Argent, a chevron gules between two mullets of six points voided and interlaced and a greyhound sable. There is only a single CD for the change of type of the secondary charges. (07/2001)

Pao Hu Tso. Household name House Sain Noyan and badge. Argent, a natural tiger rampant to sinister per fess sable and gules, in chief a bow fesswise gules.

No documentation was provided that the name means what the submitter claims or that this is a period way to form household names in Chinese. The device is returned because as drawn the primary charge is unidentifiable. (09/1999)

Paraskova Chemislava. Device change. Azure chapé ployé ermine, a fox sejant dexter forepaw elevated argent.

Conflict with Asne Whitewolf, registered April 2000, A wolf sejant argent. There is only one CD for fieldlessness. (09/2000)

Parvus Portus, Canton of. Badge. (Fieldless) A tower sable masoned argent within and conjoined to a laurel wreath gules.

Only group devices can have laurel wreaths. (02/2000)

Pedr Le Parcar. Name.

This name conflicts with the cartoon character Peter Parker, also known as Spiderman. (11/2000)

Peregrine Fairchylde. Device. Vair, a six legged squirrel legs three and three rampant gules.

This was an appeal on a prior return from Laurel, in January 1998,

There are multiple problems with a six-legged squirrel rampant. Rampant is not a defined term for hexapods, some early SCA blazons notwithstanding. Given the blazon the logical guess would be that this mutant beastie would have three sets of two legs, i.e. two fore, two middle, and two hind legs. However, this has two sets of three: three forelegs and three hindlegs. This means that this emblazon is not reproducible from this blazon, and must be returned for that reason. Absent any documentation of period heraldry adding limbs to otherwise ordinary beasts this must also be returned for style.

The appeal simply noted an example of a six-legged beast registered in the SCA. The example given, however, has only one registration and that in 1979. The return required documentation of period examples of extra limbs, and an old charge invented in the SCA does not qualify. Therefore the reasons for the return were not addressed and we must deny the appeal. (04/2000)

Peter Trevor. Device. Per bend sinister bevilled azure and argent.

Bends and per bend field divisions should be bevilled along the pale line or along the opposite bend direction (bend sinister for a bend line or bend for a bend sinister line), not along the fess line. The August 1992 LoAR cover letter explains in detail the lines of division that match period practice. (07/2000)

Phillida Parker. Device. Argent, a cloudless rainbow proper, on a bordure vert three fir trees Or.

The rainbow depicted is not a standard rainbow proper, having only three bands instead of four. Furthermore, rainbows without clouds are unattested in period armory. Either problem may be grounds for return, but the combination of both definitely is. Furthermore, although placing three charges on a bordure is not grounds for returns, it is highly unusual in period armory. (06/2001)

Phoenix River, Shire of. Name and device. Or, a phoenix gules within a laurel wreath vert, on a chief azure two mullets Or.

Precedence bars the use of Phoenix in English in SCA group names. The return of the name Coombe Phoenix (March 1998) says

The evidence that medieval English people were familiar with the legendary phoenix is not relevant unless one can demonstrate a pattern that they named places after legendary monsters. There are cultures where such a pattern might be demonstrated – Germany seems to be fairly prone to such things – but not for England...Therefore, barring evidence that Phoenix was used in English place-names, or at least that mythological animals were used, it cannot be used in English in SCA group names.

The device must be returned because the name is returned. Please ask the group to draw the laurel wreath as nearly a circle and make the chief deeper. (03/2000)

Phydeaux Weir. Name.

The justification presented for the given name as a hypothetical French name is rather too much of a stretch, and no evidence was found that the name was used prior to the late 20th century. (04/2001)

Plattefordham, Shire of. Badge. A crozier head reversed and conjoined within an annulet gules.

This is not a crozier head nor the head of a shepherd's crook. As we could find no way to describe the charge, it must be returned. (09/2000)

Plokhoi Sobaku. Badge. Or, on an arrowhead sable a mullet Or.

No forms were sent to Laurel. (11/2000)

Plokhoi Sobaku. Name and device. Argent, a dog statant guardant and on a chief vert an arrow reversed Or.

I can do no better than quote Escutcheon:

... there are serious problems with this name. First of all, the second element is "Sobaka" and NOT "Sobaku" (check Wickenden again). Secondly, the name may be masculine, but the word is feminine. This would normally not matter but as the client has added a descriptive anthroponym in front (obviously, they want to be "bad dog"), the proper gramatical construction is Plokhaia Sobaka. Finally, there is the question of whether one can construct a anthroponym in this fashion. There certainly are cases of compound (double-element) given names — where you see an adjective and noun combined together to create a given name — but nothing involving animals. Furthermore, the result is that the two words would be treated as a single element. As a result, there is no byname at all and only a single given name. As we do not register single-element names, this cannot be registered even if the grammar is corrected.

What might be registerable? A man named Sobaka who wanted to be "Sobaka the Bad" (as opposed to "bad dog") might exist. The name then would be Sobaka Plokhoi, but I can guarantee you that no modern Russian would be able to swallow this name and cannot even attest that it would be period as we have no cases of adjectival bynames being added to masculine names with feminine endings. Thus, we have no guide. What we can say with great certainty is that this name needs serious work.

Finally, a reminder that double Russian given names (as the client was trying to construct here) are not grammatically sound in the first place.

Furthermore, no forms were sent to Laurel. (11/2000)

Pol MacNeill. Badge. Or, a gurges purpure within a belt sable.

Armory using a charge within a belt strap is restricted as such motifs were used as a standard form of badge display in Scottish armory. There is a precedent going back some eight years banning the use of the 'Badge within a strap' since this is a standard form of display for Scottish badges: the chief uses the plain badge and the clansmen use the badge within a strap. Therefore, we have on several occasions returned or pended submissions to allow them to be considered without the strap. In this case, dropping the strap would not be adequate to resolve this problem since conflicts then arise. (January 1990 LoAR, p. 20) (12/2000)

Puerto Rico. Flag. Barry of five gules and argent, overall on a dexter tierce triangular azure a mullet argent.

Puerto Rico is not a sovereign nation so its flag is not automatically important enough to protect, and no evidence was given to indicate why it should otherwise be protected. (11/1999)

Pythias of Rotterdam. Name.

The given name had two problems. First, names from classical literature are not known to have been used in the Netherlands in period. This in itself would not have warranted a return by our rules, as Netherlands had access to classical authors. Second, Pythias in the context of Damon and — seems to be a misreading of Phinthias; the only classical references to Pythias refer to females.

Since the submitter wishes a male name but does not allow us to make the minor changes required for this, we have to return the name. We advise him to reconsider the name beyond this change. (06/2000)

His device has been registered under the holding name Daniel of Darach.

R{o,}gnvaldr bassi. Device. Per saltire gules and Or, a fer-a-loup inverted counterchanged, within the handle a roundel sable.

The device has multiple weirdnesses. The sable roundel placed within the hole of the fer-a-loup is difficult to blazon. In addition, the effect of the counterchanging requires the specific position of the fer-a-loup on the field. In any resubmission, please instruct the submitter to draw the handle and the blade more clearly connected instead of barely touching. (03/2001)

Raffaella da Napoli. Device. Sable, a sun argent within an orle argent semy of rosebuds gules.

Rosebuds have been forbidden as a change since July 1994, barring any evidence of them being used in period armory. In addition, while it is not a cause for return, the submitter should be informed that there are only a few examples of charged orles in period armory. (06/2000)

Ragnvaldr Jónsson. Device. Per pall argent, sable, and azure, in pale a sword inverted and a spear crossed in saltire azure and a drakkar argent.

The sword, spear, and drakkar are all co-primaries, violating our current rule of thumb (Rule VIII.1.a - Tincture and Charge Limit) disallowing three different types of charges in the same group. (02/2000)

RAMSAY, Earl of Dalhousie. Device. Argent, an eagle displayed sable.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Ramshaven, Barony of. Badge. (Fieldless) A ram’s head cabossed Or.

Conflict with János Mihály, Quarterly argent and azure, a ram’s head cabossed Or. There is only a single CD for fieldlessness. (06/2001)

Ramshaven, Barony of. Badge. Gules, two ram’s heads couped at the shoulder respectant argent.

Conflict with Mouice Negra, reblazoned elsewhere in this letter, Gules, two ram’s heads erased respectant sable fimbriated argent. There is a CD for changing the tincture of the primary charges, but nothing for removing the fimbriation nor for couping the heads at the shoulder. (06/2001)

Randwulf aet Blacwulveslea. Device. Per pale checky argent and vert and sable, a wolf rampant counterchanged.

Both the field and the charge are a mixture of a color and a neutral tincture. Therefore both the charge and the field are equivalent to colors and must be returned for violation of RfS VIII.2.c. For a more thorough discussion of the issue, see the cover letter. (10/2000)

Raphael of Tempo. Name and device.

The submitter stated he is interested in having the byname mean 'of Time'. As we were unable to document a byname with the desired meaning, we are returning this to give the submitter the opportunity to reconsider.

His armory has been registered under the holding name Rafael of Calafia . (05/2000)

Reann ingen Chearbhaill. Name.

No documentation was provided that Reann was used as a feminine given name in period. (11/2000)

Rebecca Mary Robynson. Badge. (Fieldless) Perched atop a sun Or, a robin contourny proper.

The robin is drawn small enough that it carries the same visual weight as a maintained charged and thus provides no difference. Therefore, there are numerous conflicts such as Wendryn Townsend, Azure, a sun in glory Or, and the flag of Macedonia, Gules, a sun of eight straight rays throughout Or. In both cases there is a CD for fieldlessness, but not a second for the robin. (06/2000)

Red Lórien of Oak River. Badge. (Fieldless) A compass star gyronny Or and gules within and conjoined to an annulet Or.

The compass star is barely overall, neither within nor truely overall. Moreover, the badge conflicts with Walter de Witte, Sable, a compass rose Or. The combination of compass star and annulet differs from a compass rose only in the lack of a fleur-de-lys, which is not enough for a CD. Additionally, less than half the color of the charge was changed, thus there is not a CD for tincture. (03/2000)

Red Lórien of Oak River. Device. Vert, a zebra rampant argent marked sable and in chief a compass star Or.

Conflict with Damon of Three Rivers, Vert, a horse salient argent within a bordure engrailed Or. There is a CD for changing the bordure to a compass star, but nothing for the stripes on the zebra. (03/2000)

Reginleif Hildibrandsdóttir. Device. Or, a butterfly sable.

Conflict with the badge for Mariposa de los Montoyas, reblazoned elsewhere in this letter, Or, a butterfly sable marked Or within an annulet sable. The markings are insufficient to add difference, therefore there is only a single CD for removing the orle. (02/2001)

Reinhard Lowenkop. Device. Ermine, a lion's head erased gules, a bordure embattled azure semy-de-lys Or.

The device uses azure semy-de-lys Or on a charge, which is forbidden as it appears to be a claim to have an augmentation from France: The period examples are so numerous that I feel I must uphold the Society's ban on gold fleurs-de-lys on blue backgrounds — and make it explicit. Neither France Ancient (Azure semy-de-lys Or) nor France Modern (Azure, three fleurs-de-lys Or) may be used in SCA heraldry, either as the field (or part thereof) or on a charge. To do so constitutes a claim to connection to French royalty, prohibited under Rule XI.1. (July 1992 LoAR, p.23, s.n. Raoul de Chenonceaux) (06/2000)

Remy le Chat. Device. Per bend sinister purpure and vert, a bend sinister bevilled between a decrescent and a fleur-de-lys Or.

The bend is not bevilled; the lower half must be raised relative to the upper half rather than dropped. (02/2001)

Rhiannon MacReadie. Device. Quarterly azure and vert, a heart Or .

Conflict with Karl von Schattenburg, A seeblatt Or . There is a CD for the fieldlessness, but by current precedent none for the change in type of the charges. There are period arms that are blazoned both as having hearts and as having seeblatter (see the May 1993 LoAR pg. 17., s.n. Caitlin Davies, for the full discussion). (05/2000)

Rhydderich Hael, Barony of the. Badge for the Cooks Guild. Sable, a base rayonny paly gules and Or.

The line of division is not rayonny or indented but somewhere in between. Furthermore, we would like to see some documentation for the edges of the paly and the indentations being lined up this way. (02/2000)

Rhys of Ravenhill. Device. Quarterly vert and argent, a raven contourny sable maintaining a grenade proper.

Conflict with Suzanne of Ravenhill, Or, a raven contourny sable maintaining a broken tilting spear banded sable and gules. There is a CD for the field but nothing for the change of the maintained charge. (06/2001)

Riane le Cygne. Name.

The documentation was not adequately summarized in the LoI. Since the College did not provide documentation either, this will have to be returned as per the May LoAR cover letter. Further, no evidence was given or found by the College that the given name is actually a period diminutive of Ariane. Lastly, no forms were sent to Laurel. (11/2000)

Richard Ó Conchobhair. Device. Lozengy sable and Or, a bear rampant argent maintaining a banner per fess azure and gules.

No forms were sent to Laurel; however, based on the mini-emblazon, it appears that the banner, blazoned on the letter of intent as sustained, is maintained and thus not worth difference. Therefore the device is in conflict with Lachlan Bradoc, Per pale gules and vert, a bear rampant guardant argent. There is only one CD for changing the field. (09/2000)

Richard of the Oak Shield. Name.

Based on such examples as Sword or Spear, found in Reaney and Wilson's A Dictionary of English Surnames, the meaning of the byname appears to be acceptable. However, there is no evidence that these bynames would be used with of the; also, oakshield would have been spelled as one word. The name would thus have appeared in the desired period as Richard Okesheld. As the submitter does not allow changes we have to return it.

His device has been registered under the holding name Richard of Atenveldt. (08/2000)

Rieinmelt of Dun Carraig. Name.

The submitter withdrew the name. (11/1999)

Rio de Las Animas Perdidas, Shire of. Branch name and device. Or, on a chevron wavy azure three morion helmets argent, in canton a laurel wreath vert.

The submitters have provided a substantial amount of additional documentation. However, the bulk of this additional documentation is post-period and thus fails to address the reason for the previous return.

The submitters have documented that the words used in the name are period. They have provided evidence that the river now known as the Rio de las Animas Perdidas was probably seen by Spanish explorers in the 16th century. They have also documented the use of Las Animas in modern Spanish place names and in the names of Spanish brotherhoods during the period 1558—1832. However, since no dates are given for specific brotherhoods or for the founding of those places, we have no way of knowing whether the brotherhoods and places in question were founded in period.

We still need evidence that rivers were named in this manner in period. In addition, we need evidence that nearby places were named after rivers. Since such evidence was not submitted, we have to return this name again.

As we do not register holding name for branches, the device must be returned as well. (01/2001)

Riviere Constelle, Shire of. Device change and augmentation. Sable mullety of four chapé wavy Or, in chief two compass stars azure, as an augmentation, on a chalice Or, a laurel wreath vert.

The shire requested this as a device change plus an augmentation; however, as can be seen by the blazon above, the augmentation is the charged chalice, therefore the device change must be to Sable mullety chapé wavy, in chief two compass stars azure. As armory with augmentations can be displayed without the augmentation, the device change is to a device without a laurel wreath, which by Administrative Handbook II.D.2, is required for all branches.

The charged chapé and the use of both mullets of four points and compass stars are grandfathered to the shire. (01/2001)

Rizardo Chavalerio. Name.

As the submitter states, Chavalerio is an occupational byname meaning "Knight". It is, therefore, presumptuous according to section VI.1 of the Rules for Submissions. (05/2001)

Roana of Brigeford. Device. Sable, a pale Or surmounted by a bridge and in chief three leaves counterchanged.

By long-standing precedent, complex charges cannot be counterchanged over ordinaries. (04/2000)

Robert Camulos Brigantius. Name.

No documentation was provided, nor could any be found, proving that Camelos was a place name. Reaney, Origin of English Placenames, states that Camulos was the name of a deity and the related place name was Camulodunum. Robert Colchester (the English form of the place name) would be a great medieval name.

His armory was registered under the name Robert of Altavia. (03/2000)

Robert de Bere. Device. Vert, two ferrets combattant Or.

The beasts were not drawn as ferrets, lacking both the thin tail and the elongated body. The device would thus be returned for redrawing except if drawn properly, it would be in conflict with Lorimel the Gentle, Vert, an otter sejant erect Or. There is a CD for the number of primary charges, but nothing for the change in posture. (10/2000)

Robert Juste. Device. Per fess embattled argent and sable, in base a standing balance Or.

Conflict with the badge for Elena Anatolievna Pavlova, A standing balance Or. As Elena's badge is fieldless, there is not a CD for the position on the field. Thus there is only a single CD for fieldlessness. (07/2000)

Robert le Raven MacLeod. Device. Checky Or and vert, a raven displayed sable.

Conflict with numerous armory of the form <field>, an eagle displayed sable, including Germany, Or, an eagle displayed sable, and Andrei de Sevastopol (registered 1973), Gyronny argent and gules, a double-headed eagle displayed sable. Even though ravens and eagles were different birds in period, only eagles were ever displayed. Therefore there is not a CD for type. (11/1999)

Robert of Canterbury. Name and device. Gules, three bunches of grapes slipped and leaved Or.

No name forms were included with the submission. As we lack the ability to form a holding name, the device must be returned as well. (08/2000)

Robert of Hawthorne. Device. Gules, a cubit arm sustaining a bow fesswise argent.

By Laurel precedent (see the November 1994 LoAR, Cyril Bowman, pg. 12), the cubit arm/bow combination is disallowed by rule RfS VII.7.a "Identification Requirement" as it not sufficiently distinguishable from a cross bow. It is thus also in conflict with Triaria de la Rivière, Gules, a crossbow between four thistles in cross argent, with only a CD for the addition of secondary charges. (12/2000)

Robert of Sacred Stone. Badge. (Fieldless) Three birds close conjoined in annulo Or.

These birds are not conjoined in annulo, they are connected by the legs. As such, this depiction is not blazonable. We would need evidence that this motif is a reasonable heraldic depiction as well as a valid blazon for it in order to register it. (11/2000)

Robert of Strathconan. Device. Sable, a lion’s head erased argent langued gules.

Conflict with Grik Alfriksson, Sable, a natural panther's head couped between three compass stars argent. There is not a CD for the changes to the head, so there is only a single CD for the deletion of the compass stars. The device is also in conflict with Alphia Biraz-pars, Sable, a natural leopard's head couped Or marked sable. There is only a single CD for the tincture of the head. (04/2000)

Robert Pine. Device. Azure, two wasps combattant, a bordure argent.

Long precedent has held that non-quadrupeds cannot be registered in positions such as rampant. In particular, in May 1991, Laurel stated "Henceforth, we will not accept rampant birds." In the same month, Laurel said, "given the College’s feelings about birds in a rampant position it is unlikely that a rampant insect would be any more acceptable." Since that time, we have not registered insects in a rampant position, and see no reason to do so now. (04/2001)

Roderick Zweisterne. Name.

No evidence was provided of a cultural contact that would justify an English/Swiss mixed name. Since the submitter did not provide copies of the S. Gabriel letter we decline to say anything definite about the suitability of the byname.

His device has been registered under the holding name Roderick of Glaedenfeld. (07/2000)

Rodoald the Knifesmith. Device. Or, a boar’s head erased gules between three axes, a chief potenty gules.

The boar’s head is gules, not sable. The device, however, is being returned for redrawing. A number of commenters noted that the axes were drawn too small to be identifiable. (08/1999)

Rodrigo de Valencia. Name.

Unfortunately for the submitter, Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar, or El Cid, was essentially the sovereign ruler of Valencia. This name thus implies identity with him and is therefore in violation of section VI.3 of the Rules for Submissions.

The device was registered under the name Rodrigo of Asten Tor. (07/2001)

Roger de Kymberle. Device. Per pall sable, vert and argent, in pale two swords crossed in saltire argent and a cat’s paw print counterchanged.

Conflict with a badge for the Shire of Graywood, Per fess embattled vert and argent, in pale two swords in saltire and a compass star counterchanged. There is one CD for the changes to the field, but none for change in type and tincture for only one of three of the primary charges (as they are not arranged two and one). (09/1999)

Roiberd Mor Barra. Device. Barry vert and Or, on a pile plain cotised on the outer edge dovetailed sable issuant to base from a cloud argent a lightning flash Or .

The lightning flash has been a disallowed change since August 1983 barring any evidence that such a depiction was used in period. We currently allow a lightning bolt . This is a thin line with arrows at both ends, with a square zigzag pattern (like the edge of an embattled ordinary.) However, even the lightning bolt was not found in period except as part of a thunderbolt , a more complex charged used in classical Roman insignia. We recommend that the submitter use a thunderbolt.

Additionally, we know of no examples of cotising where only one side of the cotises have a special line of division. We recommend that if the submitter wants cotises, he should use either plain cotises or one of the forms found in period; for example, the Pictorial Dictionary notes that a bend plain cotised dancetty was found c. 1422. (05/2000)

Rolf Hobart. Device. Per bend sinister azure and sable, a wolf salient argent.

Conflict with Johnathan Crusadene Whitewolf, Gules, ermined argent, a wolf rampant argent, and Robert Strongbow, Vert, a wolf rampant argent, grasping in its erect sinister forepaw a bow gules, held fesswise, and in its dexter forepaw a sheaf of three clothyard shafts Or, armed and flighted argent. In both cases there is a CD for the field, but nothing for the maintained charges in Robert's device. The device is also in conflict with Agravaine Rhiwallon, Per bend sinister azure and sable, a wolf rampant argent maintaining between his paws a sun argent eclipsed sable, in chief three lozenges argent, with a CD for the removal of the secondary charges but again nothing for the removal of the maintained charge. (06/2000)

Rosa da Murano. Device. Barry wavy Or and azure seme of roses Or.

Conflict with Micheline Elphinstone, Azure, six roses, two, two and two, Or. There is a CD for changes to the field, but none for number (between six and many), nor for the non-independent arrangement of the charges. (06/2001)

Rosalind von Rheinpfalz. Name.

There was no evidence given, nor could any be found, showing that Rheinpfalz was the name for the region in period. There was evidence given that both Rhein and Pfaltz existed in period, but not the combination. (04/2000)

Rosamond de Preston. Device. Gules, a tower and on a chief argent three cinquefoils gules.

Conflict with Siana of Castletown Bearhaven, Gules, a bear Or statant atop a tower issuant from base and on a chief argent, three roses purpure, barbed and seeded proper. There is a CD for the number of primary charges, but none for the tertiary charges, since the only difference is a change in color. (12/1999)

ROSE of Kilravock. Device. Or, a boar’s head couped close gules between three water bougets sable.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

ROSS of Balnagowan. Device. Gules, three lions rampant argent.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Rouland Blackwell. Device. Per pale gules and argent, six roses counterchanged.

This is returned for using the restricted charge, the Tudor rose. The two roses that lie on the line of division are per pale argent and gules, which is one form of the Tudor rose. (08/1999)

Rowan Mac Quillan. Device. Per chevron azure and vert, two decrescents and two increscents in chevron and a rowan tree argent.

Only one color copy of the device form was submitted. (03/2000)

Rowen ferch Rhys. Device. Argent, a saltire sable between three estoiles of four greater and four lesser rays, two in fess and one in base gules.

The device is two steps from period practice; we found no evidence for estoiles of eight rays, nor for estoiles of greater and lesser points. (04/2000)

Rowen Seer. Device. Per chevron inverted argent and azure, an Orca embowed sable marked argent and three double-bitted axes argent.

The argent portions of the orca cannot be placed on an argent field. (03/2000)

Rowena de Montacute. Device. Per chevron throughout ployé argent and vert, three oak leaves counterchanged.

Conflict with Aldrydd Ffestiniog, Per chevron argent and vert, two oak leaves and a war-hammer counterchanged. There is only a single CD for changing the hammer to an oak leaf.

Submitted as Vert chapé ployé argent, three oak leaves counterchanged, we no longer register charged chapé fields. (01/2001)

Rowena of Seventowers. Device. Per chevron gules and purpure, an ankh Or.

The device conflicts with Mary the Melodious Lady of Flanders, Gyronny ermine and vert, a crux ansata Or. There is only one CD, for the changes to the field. (07/1999)

Rudolphus Heydenreich. Device. Per bend flory Or and sable, a reremouse sable and a castle argent.

We have allowed a flory counter-flory, with demi-fleurs issuant from the line of division, as an extension of the documented lines trefly counter-trefly (von Hillinger) and per fess indented points fleury (Woodmerton). This device, however, does not match the accepted line of division, but places fleurs-de-lys counterchanged over the line of division. Barring evidence that such treatment is consistent with period practice, we cannot register it. (06/2001)

Rurik Brattahildski. Device. Or chaussé purpure, overall two stags combattant proper .

The chaussé line of division, along with chapé and vetu , are different from other lines of divisions in that the outer portions never contained charges in period. Thus we can also not allow charges that overlap the outer portions.

Please instruct the submitter to draw a correct rampant posture. (05/2000)

Ruth the Timid. Device. Vert, a garb argent.

Conflict with the badge for Ygraine of Kellswood, (Fieldless) A garb argent. There is only one CD for fieldlessness. (11/1999)

Rycharde de Northewode. Badge. (Fieldless) A boar statant sable crined gules.

Conflict with Thomas of Ravenhill, registered January 2001, Per bend lozengy vert and argent and Or, a boar passant sable. There is not a CD for changing tincture of the ridge of fur along the top of the boar, so there is only a single CD for fieldlessness. (03/2001)

Saarennon Katariina. Device. Azure, three garbs and a base dovetailed Or.

This was pended from the June LoAR. It conflicts with Cumming (important non-SCA arms), Azure three garbs Or. This was added to the list of important arms in August, 1999. (10/1999)

Sabine du Bourbonnais. Device. Azure, on a fess Or three lozenges conjoined azure each charged with a bee Or .

The device violates RfS VIII.1.c.ii, "Layer Limit - Designs may not be excessively layered. All charges should be placed either directly on the field or entirely on other charges that lie on the field." The submitter attempted to fix the layering problem by blazoning the device Or, a fess of three fusils azure, each charged with a bee Or, a chief and a base azure . While it is possible to avoid a style problem by reblazoning, that only holds if the alternate blazon is equally valid. The relative sizes of the three portions of the field, the rarity of period examples combining chiefs and plain bases, and the space between the lozenges and the the sides of the shield make the alternate blazon highly unlikely and thus not a valid blazon. (05/2000)

Saint Crispin, College of. Device. Per bend azure and argent, a seahorse naiant argent and an open book gules within a laurel wreath vert.

The presence of the seahorse makes the seahorse, book, and laurel wreath all part of the primary charge group, thus violating the rule of thumb in RfS VIII.1.a, Tincture and Charge Limit, limiting a single group to no more than two types of charges. (07/2001)

Saint Michael and All Angels, College of. Branch name and device. Azure, on an open book between three angels argent, a laurel wreath vert.

A petition was not included with the forms. (09/1999)

Sajah bint Habushun ibn Ishandiyar al-Hajjaji. Device. Per pall inverted vert, sable, and argent, two non-crosses argent and a non-cross gules.

Non-crosses are an SCA invention and have been registered only once, in 1977. Like many other charges from that time period, they are no longer registerable barring evidence that such crosses are compatible with period style. (08/2000)

Salaberge de Granson. Device. Or, a salamander couchant reguardant azure and a chief rayonny gules.

The device needs to be redrawn. While the submitter showed evidence that the shape of the salamander matches some period examples, all of the provided evidence had more flames, either issuant from the body of salamander (including issuant from the mouth), or on a field semy of flames.

Salih of Aksaray. Name.

The given name was documented in two different ways. First, it was mentioned in a web site listing Turkish names. Unfortunately, this list does not give any dates, and it appears to be a modern list. Second, the argument was made that the period name Nasuh-u Silahi includes the submitted name or a variant. However, this name appears rather to be a similar construction to some Arabic titular-style names, e.g. Nasr al-Din. This would mean that the cited period reference is not evidence that the submitted name was used in period. Barring better documentation we have to return this.

His device has been registered under the holding name Tim of Aksaray. (02/2001)

Samhthann ni Giolla Mhuire. Device. Gules chaussé Or, a seahorse sejant counterchanged.

Conflict with Chandos, Or, a pile gules. By long standing precedent, chaussé fields can alternatively be blazoned as having a pile, and both forms must be considered for conflict. Or, on a pile gules, a seahorse sejant counterchanged conflicts with Or, a pile gules, with only one CD for the addition of the tertiary charge. (10/1999)

Sanchia de Illora. Device. Argent, a foxglove purpure slipped and leaved vert and on a chief embattled azure three roses argent.

This plant is not recognizably foxglove. Foxglove flowers hang down from the stem. (02/2000)

Sara of Cambridge. Device. Sable, a compass star and on a chief rayonny Or three roses gules.

Conflict with Robert of Hazeltine, Sable, a compass star and on a chief rayonny Or, a sword sable. While the LoI stated that she has permission to conflict, documentation of this permission was not sent to Laurel. (12/2000)

Sarah MacGregor. Device. Gyronny argent and gules, on a plate a thistle sable.

Conflict with the badge for Household Moonrime (Vanora of Kintyre), Pean, on a plate a thistle sable. There is only a single CD for the field. Furthermore, just as we do not allow a compony bordure to share a tincture with the field, the consensus was to not allow a roundel to share a tincture with a gyronny field, as the number of divisions is not high enough to ensure identifiability. (08/2000)

Sarra Fina MacDonald. Device. Purpure, a thistle Or.

Conflict with the Order of the Sable Thistle of Ansteorra, A blue thistle sable, slipped and leaved Or. There is one CD for the field, but none for the blue flower; the bulk of the flower is Or for both devices. (10/1999)

Sarra the Gipsie. Device. Argent, a raven striking affronty sable maintaining in its beak a bezant and in base an ankh purpure, a bordure sable.

The posture striking affronty is not allowed as it is not known in period armory and is inherently three-dimensional. (03/2000)

SCOTT, Duke of Buccleuch. Device. Or, on a bend azure, a mullet of six points between two crescents Or.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Seaan Dowe. Name.

This conflicts with John Doe, which is a well known legal term for an unidentified male. (12/1999)

Seamus McDaid. Device. Per bend sinister argent and gules, a bend sinister cotised sable between an equal-armed Celtic cross and a trefoil counterchanged.

The device has an entire sable cotise on the gules field. As cotises are treated as a secondary charge group, this violates RfS VIII.2, Armorial Contrast. (07/2000)

Sean de la Mare. Name.

Conflict with the registered names Sean Dalamara and Jeanne de la Mare. His armory is registered under the holding name Sean of Lions Gate (12/1999)

Sean Holden. Device. Argent, a wooden guillotine proper bladed sable.

Guillotine-style machines are permissible in medieval forms, such as the Halifax Gibbet. This submission is of a modern guillotine, which did not exist until the mid-seventeenth century. In particular, we found no period examples using a slanted blade. The submitter should be informed that in no depiction of guillotine-style machines is the blade freestanding. All depictions showed the blade running along guides on each side. (07/2000)

Seán MacLeod. Name.

Conflict with the registered name Shauna MacLeod. There is insufficient difference between the given names. (09/1999)

Sean of the South. Device. Vert, on a pile argent a mullet of six points elongated to base vert.

Conflict with Nicholos of the Hill Folk, Vert, on a pile argent, a dragon rampant gules. There is only a single CD for multiple changes to the tertiary charges. (07/2000)

Sebastian Sterne. Name.

Conflict with the registered name Sebastian Sturme; they are too similar in appearance. His armory was registered under the name Sebastian of Dragon’s Mist. (12/1999)

Sebastiana Gerynot Fanelli. Device. Per pale gules and purpure, on a pale Or between two rapiers inverted proper a jester's bauble proper staffed bendy sinister and hooded per pale gules and purpure .

The jester's bauble is primarily bendy of two colors, which violates RfS VIII.2.a.

A number of commenters also felt it was in conflict with Einar of Ironhold, Sable, on a pale Or, between two swords inverted hilted Or and bladed argent, a staff sable . There is a CD for the field, so the question was whether there was a significant difference between a staff and a jester's bauble to give a second CD for change of type and tincture of the tertiary charges. Normally I am inclined to give a CD between a jester's bauble and a plain staff, barring evidence that they were not independent charges in period. However, it should be noted that Sebastiana's jester's bauble was drawn so that the staff part was unusually prominent. Any resubmission should make the head of the bauble more prominent relative to staff. (05/2000)

Sebastiana Gerynot Fanelli. Device. Per pale gules and purpure, on a pale Or between two rapiers inverted proper, a jester 's bauble proper, staffed bendy sinister argent and alternately gules and purpure, and hooded alternately purpure and gules.

While the reasons for the previous return have been dealt with, this submission creates a new one. No evidence has been presented for the coloration of the staff. Treatments of the field were not necessarily used as treatments for charges, and therefore are not sufficient documentation to register this treatment of the staff. (12/2000)

Seleone, Barony of. Order name Order of the Lacy’s Heart.

Unfortunately, the name does not follow period examples for order names. (08/2000)

Seónaid inghean Sheathain. Badge. (Fieldless) A thistle Or.

Conflict with the Order of the Sable Thistle (Kingdom of Ansteorra), A blue thistle sable, slipped and leaved Or. Ansteorra’s thistle is mostly Or, so there is no CD for the different color of the flowers. (11/1999)

Seraphina Visconti. Device. Gules, on a chevron between three standing balances argent three ostrich plumes sable.

The ostrich plumes were not recognizable as such. One standard depiction can be found in the badge of the Prince of Wales, available in many standard heraldic sources or at http://www.princeofwales.gov.uk/about/role/feathers.html. (02/2001)

Seth of Newcastle. Device. Purpure, a chevron rompú sable fimbriated, between two crosses potent and a vol argent.

A chevron rompú is too complex a charge to fimbriate. (10/1999)

Signy Kyrre Rikardsdottir. Device. Azure, on a plate a talbot sejant sable.

Conflict with Rhithyn yr Gwlad yr Hav, Azure a plate charged with a cauldron and a domestic cat in its curiosity sable. There is only one CD for the accumulated changes to the tertiary charges. (10/1999)

Sile Linet O'Loughlin. Household name Dragon's Bower.

No evidence was provided that this is a reasonable construction for the name of an inn, or any other organized group of people. (07/2000)

Silence de Cherbourg. Device. Vert, a saltire Or fretted with a serpent in mascle argent.

Conflicts with the Confederation of the Fret, Per saltire argent and ermine, a fret Or, fimbriated sable. There is a CD for the field, but the primary charge group is too close to a fret for there to be a second difference. (01/2000)

SINCLAIR of Caithness. Device. Argent, a cross engrailed sable.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Siobhán Faolscatha. Name.

No evidence was given, nor could any be found, to justify a byname meaning "wolf phantom". Bynames in Irish Gaelic were generally literal, as in F.ind, "fair", or Gabulfota, "long-legged."

Her device was registered under the name Siobhán of Starkhafn (12/1999)

Siobhán inghean Eoghain uí Neill. Name.

Unfortunately, this name is presumptuous under section VI.3 of the Rules for Submissions: "Names that unmistakably imply identity with or close relationship to a protected person or literary character will generally not be registered." We cannot therefore register it without permission from Eoghan O’Neill, whose name was registered in An Tir in 1992. Dropping either of the bynames does not help either, as the name would then conflict with either Siobhan O’Neill, registered in 1984, or aurally with Siobhan nic Eoin, registered in 1994. (04/2001)

Sion Becote. Device. Or, a sprig of oak proper, a bordure sable.

Conflict with Wulf Beornsson, Or, a sprig of three poison ivy leaves inverted vert within a bordure sable. There is only a single CD for orientation of the sprig. Please instruct the submitter that the acorns on a properly fructed oak sprig would be only slightly smaller than the size of the leaves. (06/2000)

Sjard Snorresson. Device. Chevronelly sable and Or, a unicorn’s head couped contourny argent.

Conflict with Kathryn Fitzroy of Bath, Sable, a unicorn’s head couped reversed argent, entwined about the alicorne a serpent, head to sinister gules. The serpent does not generate difference, so there is only one CD for the field. (08/1999)

SKENE of That Ilk. Device. Gules, three daggers argent [sometimes proper], each point surmounted by a wolf’s head couped Or.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Smythkepe, Shire of. Badge. (Fieldless) On a flame gules fimbriated Or, a two headed anvil pierced by a sword argent.

This is not a flame proper, it is a flame gules fimbriated Or. A flame proper typically consists of alternating tongues of flame in gules and Or. This has been grounds for return for many years. (06/2000)

Snæúlfrún Rauðúlfsdottir. Name.

Contrary to what the submitter thinks, -rún is not simply a feminine suffix. It is rather a deuterotheme meaning, roughly, 'secret'. Adding it to the compound name Snæúlfr would result in a three-part compound name, for which we do not have evidence.

We are left with two possibilities. We could change the name to Úlfrún Rauðúlfsdottir, keeping it a feminine name but changing the meaning. On the other hand, we could change it to Snæúlfr Rauðúlfsson, which would retain the meaning but change this to a male name. As neither of these changes would result in the meaning and gender the submitter is requesting we have to return this. (07/2000)

Solveig Anderhalfholt. Device. Per saltire vert and sable, three lions passant in annulo Or.

Conflict with Rand the Silversmith, Sable, three African leopards passant in annulo proper. There is a CD for the field but nothing for the difference between the primary charges. (06/2001)

Sondra van Schiedam. Device. Azure, a tulip slipped and leaved Or.

Conflict with Katheline van Weye, Quarterly vert and purpure, a tulip slipped and leaved Or, registered June 2001. There is only a single CD for the changes to the field. (07/2001)

Sorcha ingen Chonchobhair. Device. Azure, on a pile raguly Or a thistle proper, in base an estoile Or.

A pile should extend most if not all the way to the base; properly drawn, there would not be enough room for a charge ... to fit between the pile and the base. [Baldwin of Erebor, LoAR 6 December 1984, p.18] The precedent has continued to hold ever since. (09/2000)

Southron Gaard, Barony of. Order name L'Ordre du Coeur Loyal.

No evidence was submitted that this is a period type of order name. (05/2000)

Stanislaw Krakowski. Name.

As the submitted documentation indicates, this name is a usual Polish form of Stanislas of Cracow. As such it is a fine name, except for one thing: there already is a rather well known Stanislas of Cracow, who got his fame in essentially the same manner as Thomas Becket did in England. That is, he found himself in conflict with King Boleslaw II, threatened the King with excommunication, and was killed by the King's own hand on consecrated ground near Cracow. As a result he ended up as the patron saint of Poland; his cult is popular through most of the eastern part of the Roman Catholic Europe. Not surprisingly, he also has his own entry in quite a few general encyclopaedias.

His device has been registered under the holding name Stanislaw of Meridies. (10/2000)

Starkhafn, Barony of. Order name Order of the Illumination of Starkhafn.

This was an appeal of a Kingdom return of the order name. We find that decision correct; the name does not follow any known period examples for order names. (08/2000)

Starkhafn, Barony of. Order name Order of the Radiance of Starkhafn and badge. Checky azure and argent, a pale sable overall a candle argent lit proper on a candlestick Or.

No evidence was given, nor could any be found, showing that the word Radiance existed before 1600. Moreover, it is too abstract to be a reasonable order name. The documentation cited by the submitter does not date the Order of Silence to period, and even then it is difficult to extrapolate from a single example.

The candle is just barely overall. It needs to be drawn either entirely on the pale or clearly overall. (03/2000)

Steafan mac Thamhais. Badge. Azure, a talbot’s head erased argent within a bordure rayonny Or.

Conflict with the Barony of the North Woods, Azure, a wolf’s head couped argent vorant of a sun and in chief a laurel wreath Or. The emblazon shows that the sun is not large enough to be significant so there is only a CD for the change of type of the secondaries. (08/1999)

Stefan Leblanc. Name and device. Azure, a pall inverted between three fleurs-de-lys argent.

Conflict with Arlette des Saules, Azure, on a pall inverted between three fleurs-de-lys argent a decrescent azure. There is only one CD for the addition of the tertiary charge. (04/2000)

Stefanus Lufmancat. Device. Per chevron ermine and vert.

Conflict with Eliza O’Donegan, Per chevron vert and sable. The only possible rule that could make these clear is RfS X.4.a.ii.b, Complete Change of Tincture (part of the Field-Primary Armory rules); however, that rule states "If the fields of two pieces of field-primary armory have no tinctures in common, they are considered completely different and do not conflict, irrespective of any other similarities between them." While each portion of the field has changed tincture, one cannot say that they do not have a tincture in common.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the per chevron line higher. (01/2001)

Stephana Relicta le Clark. Device. Or, three piles in point, the center one charged with a comet Or.

Only one copy of the device form was submitted. (02/2000)

Stephana Relicta le Clark. Device. Or, three piles in point, the center one charged with a comet Or.

No paperwork was included for the device. (07/2000)

Stephen macThomas. Badge. (Fieldless) A compass star pierced within and conjoined to an annulet azure.

A compass star cannot be pierced on a fieldless badge. The precedent was set in January 2000:

Current precedent is that we only allow the piercing of charges on fieldless badges when those charges were found pierced in period armory (thus disallowing omni-tinctured tertiary charges). While a compass star is closely related to a mullet, it is nevertheless a different charge, one not found in period armory. Therefore we are not inclined to give it the benefit of the doubt and allow it to be pierced as we would a mullet or spur rowel.

Without the piercing, the badge conflicts with Kendrick Wayfarer, A compass-rose azure. There is no difference given between a compass rose and a compass star within an annulet. (06/2000)

Stephen macThomas. Badge. (Fieldless) Three towers conjoined in pall, bases to center, azure.

The towers were not conjoined in a standard fashion (with the bases slightly touching), but instead were each touching a large central area. As they also lacked internal detailing, the overall effect looked more like a pall (nowy) couped, the ends embattled. While it is not clear that the charge is inherently unidentifiable, this depiction is definitely unidentifiable, requiring at least a redraw. (06/2000)

Storm, Shire of the. Device. Per fess sable and vert, a lymphad within a laurel wreath, a bordure Or.

No petition was included with this submission. (03/2001)

Struan ROBERTSON. Device. Gules, three wolves’ heads erased argent.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Südentür, Canton of. Name and device. Argent, a wooden arched door proper framed sable, on a chief wavy azure a laurel wreath argent.

There was insufficient documentation given that this is a reasonable construction for a place name in German and no commenters provided any. As we do not form holding names for groups we must also return the device; however, in a future submission we would like to see documentation for the shape of these doors. (09/1999)

Sueva the Short. Name.

The given name was documented from Roberts, Notable Kin: An Anthology of Columns First Published in the NEHGS NEXUS, 1986—1995. While we have no reason to doubt the quality of the genealogical research, the goals of genealogists are different from ours and their data is not necessarily applicable to SCA use. The College was unable to verify this name. We therefore have to return it, barring new evidence of its use as a given name in period.

Also, please note that the College needs to know the culture as well as the time period of a name, especially when the name is documented from a non-standard source.

Her device was registered under the name Theresa the Short. (04/2001)

Susan van Ham Langille. Device. Per bend enarched argent and purpure, in sinister chief a heart fracted in base distilling three gouttes gules.

The heart is not fracted in any standard heraldic fashion. Fracting of a charge like a heart should split the heart into two pieces. The device is clear of Julie of the Blackwater, Per fess rayonny argent and sable, in chief a heart gules. There is a CD for the field, and, as neither heart's position on the field is forced, there is a second CD for position. (03/2001)

SUTHERLAND, Earl of Sutherland. Device. Gules, three mullets and a bordure Or. For augmentation, the bordure charged with a double tressure flory counter-flory gules.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Sveinn Harðfari. Device. Per bend Or and bendy gules and Or, a mouthless demon’s head affronty gules wearing an arming cap sable.

The device has several problems. First, the holes in the arming cap reduce its identifiability considerably. Second, the neck is neither couped nor erased, and we could find no way to blazon it as drawn. Therefore the combination of the neck, the mouth (or lack thereof), and the arming cap makes this design too far from period practice to be registerable. (05/2001)

Sven Fornjósn. Name.

The documentation for the byname was not adequately summarised on the LoI — it is not enough to say that it is found as a word in a dictionary, we would need to have a way to see whether it is appropriate as a byname. Since the College was not able to provide such documentation we have to return the name.

His device was registered under the name Sven of the Outlands. (01/2001)

Sven Tyrvisson. Device. Purpure, on a pile indented Or a double-headed axe sable.

The pile is not drawn properly; a pile should not issue from the corners of the shield, but from farther in on the chief. As the pile also does not extend to base, it cannot be reblazoned as a chaussé field. Even with a correctly drawn pile, it conflicts with Thorkell Óláfsson, Purpure, on a pile Or a Danish axe gules. There is a CD for the line of division of the pile, but the two types of axes are not significantly different, therefore there is not a CD for changing the tincture only of the axes. (07/2000)

Sylvana Ballaster. Device. Per fess rayonny gules and sable, a decrescent argent.

The decrescent obscures the low-contrast complex line of division. Placing a charge over the line of division is limited to when the overlying charge is very narrow (such as the handle of an axe). While the crescent was drawn rather thin, the overlap was still too much. (06/2000)

Tahira bint Ibrahim al-Ixbily. Name.

The standard transliteration for a byname of an Arab man from Seville would be al-Ishbili; a transliteration using x seems odd. Moreover, al-Ixbily has an i and a y for the same sound. This kind of mixing transliteration systems within a single name has been grounds for a return in the past.

As she does not allow any changes, we have to return the name. Her device has been registered under the holding name Tahira of Carolingia. (06/2000)

Taliesin de Morlet. Badge. Azure, a sun within an orle argent.

Conflict with Aliena of the High Reaches, reblazoned elsewhere in this letter, Azure, a compass star and a mountain of three peaks issuant from base argent. There is not a CD between a compass star and a sun, and there is not a CD for position on the field when one of the charges is an orle; therefore, there is only a single CD for changing the mountain to an orle. The device is clear of the badge of Isaac de Hugo, Azure, an estoile of eight rays within an annulet and a bordure all argent. Even though an orle looks like an annulet on a round field, they are nonetheless separate charges: if this were drawn on the standard shield shape the difference would be given automatically and it is unfair to penalize the drawing when it is forced to be circular by administrative requirements. (03/2001)

Talmere, Shire of. Device. Azure, two sea stags addorsed in saltire, tails entwined, within a laurel wreath, a chief wavy argent.

The emblazon shows two laurel branches, not a laurel wreath. The branches of a laurel wreath must be conjoined at the base and be circular or nearly so. (01/2000)

Tanglwyst de Holloway. Badge for Catriona Moriarty. Sable, a mullet of six points and a bordure argent.

There are several conflicts, including Anna Tuomaantytär von Urwald, Sable, a mullet and a base wavy argent, and the badge for Jayme O'Darcy of Glen Laurie, Sable, on a mullet throughout argent a cat's paw print sable, within a bordure argent. Against Anna, there is a CD for changing the base to a bordure, but nothing for the difference between a mullet of six points and a mullet of five points. Against Jayme, there is a CD for removing the tertiary charge, but again no difference between a mullet of five points to a mullet of six points nor between a mullet and a mullet throughout. (12/2000)

Tanglwyst de Holloway. Badge. (Fieldless) A maple leaf purpure surmounted by a lion couchant argent.

The lion is not charged on the maple leaf but is barely overall. Barely overall charges have been ruled unacceptable for a long time and for fieldless badges overall charges must have very little overlap with the charge it surmounts. Either way we must return this badge. (09/1999)

Tanwen Glyn Helfarch. Badge. Per fess purpure and vert, a chess pawn Or.

There was no documentation given showing that this form of a chess pawn is a period depiction. (02/2000)

Tanwen Glyn Helfarch. Name.

No documentation was given for Tanwen except as a possible spelling variant for Tonwen or Tangwen; however, such spelling variants do not appear to be valid for Welsh names. Even though Tonwen appears in the Welsh Miscellany, the author indicates that the name is unlikely, as it is only listed as an alternate name of the mother of a 5th century saint.

The byname was intended to be a translation of "hunter's glen", but both the word choice and the grammar is incorrect. Helfarch means a horse used for hunting, not a human hunter. As for the grammar, I can do no better than to quote Harpy Herald:

It isn't unheard of for period Welsh place-names to include references to occupations — most often when the land involved was part of the traditional "salary" of a person engaged in that occupation for the local nobility ... It's not a particularly common type of place name. The usual pattern (for what that's worth) of such names is <generic topographical feature> <definite article> <occupation>. An article on the place-name element dryll (a type of field) lists, for example:

dryll y go (1600) "smith"

dryll y melinidd (1647) "miller"

dryll y pannwr (1611) "fuller"

dryll y pobyth (1393) "baker"

Thus, the most minor change from the submitted form that would follow some sort of period Welsh practice would be Glyn y Hel(i)wr. (Both helwr and heliwr appear in medieval records and neither form is preferred, but heliwr is the modern standard.)

Therefore a name such as Tangwen Glyn y Heliwr would be acceptable, but that is more of a change than should be made without consultation with the submitter.

Her device was registered under the holding name Lisa of Stromgard. (02/2000)

Tarkatal of Ben Dunfirth. Name (see PENDED for device).

No copies were provided of the documentation for the given name, either in this spelling or Tarkatai, as it appears on the forms. As the KWHS Proceedings are not on the no photocopies list, and as none of the commenters verified the quote, we have to return it. (09/2000)

Tárlach MacLave. Name. Per chevron throughout argent and azure, two ravens close with dexter claw elevated sable and a sun argent eclipsed sable.

The given name appears to be a post-period form. Also, The documentation for the given name was not adequately summarised in the LoI, and the College did not provide documentation.

His device has been registered under the holding name Marc MacLave. (12/2000)

Temur Arslan. Device. Or, in fess two skulls sable, a wolf tooth issuant from chief and another issuant from base gules.

We know of no examples of wolf's teeth issuant from anywhere but from dexter or sinister, nor do we have any examples of them being used singly. We must therefore return the device pending documentation of this use of wolf's teeth. (02/2000)

Teresa Callan. Name.

Unfortunately for the submitter, mixed Irish / Spanish names are not allowed (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR of July 1997). As Teresa was not used in the British Isles until after our period we have to return this.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Teresa of Sundragon. (04/2001)

Terra Pomaria, Barony of. Order name Apple Blossom Award.

No documentation was submitted for the order name, and the College did not provide any documentation either. (12/2000)

Terra Pomaria, Barony of. Order name Order of the Azure Iris.

No documentation was submitted for the order name, and the College did not provide any documentation either. (12/2000)

Terra Pomaria, Barony of. Order name Order of the White Scroll.

No documentation was submitted for the order name, and the College did not provide any documentation either. (12/2000)

Terra Pomaria, Barony of. Order name Silver Apple Award.

No documentation was submitted for the order name, and the College did not provide any documentation either. (12/2000)

Terra Pomaria, Barony of. Order name Silver Otter Award.

No documentation was submitted for the order name, and the College did not provide any documentation either. (12/2000)

Tessa da Rimini. Device. Per bend azure and argent, two keys in saltire, wards to base, counterchanged and a chief embattled argent.

One of the keys is counterchanged along its axis, thus making it unidentifiable. (09/1999)

The CHISHOLM. Device. Gules, a boar’s head couped close Or.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

The device was registered under the holding name Lara of Tir-y-Don (09/2000)

The MACNAB. Device. Sable, on a chevron argent three crescents vert, in base two men proper in a rowboat argent atop a ford proper.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

The name was submitted on the January 1 LoI, which will be considered in November, 2000. (09/2000)

Thea Gabrielle Northernridge. Name change from Thea Gabrielle of Northernridge.

This was listed as a name correction, but the original forms had the registered name. Thus this is a name change and must be accompanied with payment of fees. (08/1999)

Thomas atte Woode. Name.

This conflicts with Thomas Attwood (1783—1856), an English economist and leader in the electoral reform movement. Since he has his own entry in the on-line Encyclopaedia Britannica he is important enough to protect. (12/2000)

Thomas de Ely. Name and device. Argent, on a fess sable two crescents argent.

The name conflicts with Thomas Arundel, archbishop of Ely, who has his own entry in the Encyclopaedia Britannica.

The device conflicts with the flag of Meridies, Argent, on a fess sable, a crown of three points between two mullets argent. There is only one CD for the multiple changes to the tertiary charges. (04/2001)

Thomas Dudley. Name change from Seth Alexander Kygheley.

Withdrawn by the kingdom as it conflicts with Thomas Dudley (1576-1653), British colonial governor of Massachusetts. He has his own entry in the Encyclopædia Brittanica. (03/2000)

Thomas of Calais. Badge. (Fieldless) On a tower sable masoned Or, a lion's head argent.

Conflict with Frederic of the West Tower, Argent, a tower sable, on its base a cross patonce voided argent. Upon examining the emblazon for Frederic, it is clear that the cross is argent, so there is only the CD for fieldlessness. (06/23/1999)

Thome le Lent. Device. Azure, a chevron throughout raguly on the upper edge between three fleurs-de-lys argent .

Conflict with Aelesia Emelyne Couchur, Azure, a chevron embattled argent . There is a CD for the addition of the secondaries, but nothing for the difference between a chevron embattled and a chevron raguly on the upper edge nor for the difference between a chevron and a chevron throughout . (05/2000)

Þorfaster Varinsson. Device. Argent, a Norse serpent nowed sable and a bordure rayonny gules.

From the May 1998 LoAR:

The Lisbjerg gripping beast is actually just a variety of the Borre-style gripping beasts which were banned in 11/86, and therefore the Lisbjerg gripping beasts were banned at the same time. Finally, after the October 1998 Laurel meeting we will no longer register zoomorphic beasts of any kind. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR May 1998, p. 28).

This charge is no longer registerable. (03/2000)

Thorgrim Ketilsson. Device. Or, a sun sable within a bordure gules.

Conflict with the Ensign of Ansteorra, Or, a mullet of five greater and five lesser points within a bordure sable. By current precedent there is not a CD between a sun and a mullet of ten points, so there is only a single CD for changing the tincture of the bordure. The device is also in conflict with the badge for the King's Champion of Ansteorra, Or, a mullet of five greater and five lesser points sable, a base embattled gules. There is only a single CD for changing the base to a bordure. (09/2000)

Þorkatla Bjarnardóttir. Device. Argent, between a gore dexter and a gore sinister a seeblatt sable.

Conflict with Cinzia del Lupo, Argent, a heart fracted palewise sable. By current precedent there is not a CD between a heart and a seeblatt, nor is there a CD for fracting a charge. Therefore there is a single CD for adding the gores (which are peripheral charges). (09/2000)

Thorvaldr Nordbrikt. Name.

The documentation for the byname was not adequately summarized: it is not sufficient to list the page number and bibliographical information of a source, we need to know what is said. In this case, none of the commenters were able to provide additional support. Moreover, the passage in the cited source, Blondal’s The Varangians of Byzantium suggests that Nordbrikt is in fact an unique epithet.

The device was registered under the name Thorvaldr of Gate’s Edge. (01/2001)

Three Walls, Valley of the. Branch name change from Canton of Threewalls.

This was an appeal from a kingdom return of the name. The canton justified the construction Valley of the <number> <object> with three examples: Avenue of a Hundred Fountains (in Italy), the Valley of Five Polish Lakes, and the Valley of the Seven Castles (in Luxumbourg). None of the examples, however, are English, one is a street, and the others lack evidence that the names were used for these places in period (given that the places are not in England the period names are definitely not the ones given, although the given forms may be reasonable translations of the period place name). No one else was able to justify Valley as an element in an English place name. Therefore we must deny the appeal. (02/2000)

Thyra Thorkillsdattir. Device. Gyronny arrondy vert and Or.

Conflict with Ottar Hrafnsson, Gyronny arrondy Or and azure, and the arms of Campbell, Duke of Argyll (real-world armory), Gyronny Or and sable. In both cases there is only one CD for changing half the tinctures of the field; against Campbell, there is not a CD for the difference between a plain gyronny line and gyronny arrondy. (09/2000)

Tiarnan O’Shea. Name change from Tighearnán Ó Séaghdha.

This name was submitted under "Laurel's policy of no-fee changes to registered forms when significant changes were made to register the name". Unfortunately for the submitter, such a policy does not exist; we wonder why the Kingdom thinks otherwise. As no payment was received we have to return this.

We also find the case for the spelling Tiarnan unconvincing — even the documentation attached to the submission supports Tiernan rather than the submitted spelling. (03/2001)

Timothy de Tindall. Device. Or, a bend sinister azure, overall a griffin sejant guardant maintaining in its dexter forepaw an eye sable irised Or.

As drawn the overall charge is unidentifiable. This combination of the guardant head and the badly drawn ears makes the type of head difficult to recognize, while placing the wings on the low contrast bend sinister further blurs the identifiability. (12/2000)

Timothy O’Brien. Badge. Per fess azure and vert, an ermine spot argent.

Conflict with the badge for Jade of Starfall, Vert, an ermine tail, spotted of three compass stars argent. While the compass stars are visible, we feel that the charge in Jade's badge is still a variant of an ermine spot and therefore not significantly different from an ermine spot. (10/2000)

Tir Bannog, Shire of. Device. Per fess indented argent and sable, a bear statant and a laurel wreath counterchanged.

The petition of support lacked either a picture or a description of the armory. (09/1999)

Toirdhealbhach Ó Corráin. Device. Quarterly azure and gules, a griffin segreant Or.

Conflict with Degary Golafre of Pembroke, Quarterly sable and gules, a griffin segreant coward maintaining in its dexter talon a Celtic cross and in its sinister talon a sword inverted Or. There is a CD for the field, but nothing for removing the maintained charges. (04/2001)

Tommaltach MacFhiachach. Device. Pean, in pale two lions passant ermine.

This device is being returned for redraw. The ermine spots on the lions are too large, making both the lions and the ermine spots unidentifiable. He should be told to redraw with smaller ermine spots, preferably not cut off by the edge of the lion or the internal detailing. (08/1999)

Trimaris, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Argonaut Herald.

No evidence was supplied that mythological names as such were used as heralds' titles. (06/2000)

Trimaris, Kingdom of. Heraldic title Vox Mar Herald.

Grammatically the title should be Vox Maris. However, the title has style problems as well as grammatical ones. To quote Mistress Jaelle of Armida, Laurel Queen of Arms, quoting Master Da'ud ibn Auda, Laurel King of Arms:

[Artemisia, Kingdom of. Title for Vox Grypis Herald] This is being returned for non period style. In a similar case, Master Da'ud as Laurel said:

[returning Vox Draconis Pursuivant] The previous version, Dragon's Voice Pursuivant, was returned 3/95 for failure to emulate period models as required by RfS III.2.b.iii; translation into Latin doesn't bring it any closer. It was suggested that it might derive from a motto Vox draconis sum `I am the voice of the dragon', but the period examples noted all comprise the entire motto, and no evidence was presented that Vox draconis sum is a reasonable imitation of a period motto. (Caid, Kingdom of, 10/95 p. 18)

Barring documentation that this follows period exemplar of heraldic titles, it must be returned. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR, June 1998)

No such documentation was provided this time, either. (06/2000)

Trinity Munro. Name.

I can do no better than to quote Palimpsest (in an after-the-meeting comment):

The problem I have is twofold: the lesser problem is that the feast is generally referred to as "Trinity Sunday," presumably to distinguish from the theological concept. This is not an insurmountable problem. So far as I can tell the official name is the Feast of the Holy Trinity (or, in my pre-Vatican II breviary, "Festum sanctissimae Trinitatis"). Abbreviating this down to "Trinity" is believable enough.

The greater problem is that the feast isn’t in the same class as the ones with attested names. It wasn’t even instituted generally until the early 14th century by Pope John XXII, though it apparently had been instituted locally by John Peckham, Archbishop of Canturbury (d. 1292). It was classed as a duplex feast of the second rank. (The duplex refers to to how elaborate the ceremonies are. Below duplex are semiduplex and simplex.) (The feast was promoted to the first rank in 1911, but this does not apply here.) In other words, it was a major feast but not in the top rank. Most of this information is from the Catholic Encyclopedia. The relevant page is at http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15058a.htm.

By way of contrast, Christmas, Easter, and Pentacost are the Big Three. (Pentacost’s status is less obvious to modern Americans, but this is largely because it has escaped commercialization.) Epiphany is close behind, and very ancient. It was celebrated in the western church as early as the 4th century.

So we have given names derived from four great ecclesiastical feasts. (Withycombe mentions also Midwinter and Loveday, which are also day names but not ecclesiastical feasts.) The striking thing is that this is a very short list. This is not enough to constitute a plausible productive pattern, much less extended to nouveaux lesser feasts like Trinity Sunday. (10/1999)

Trinovantia Nova, Shire of. Badge. Quarterly gules and azure, a winged sea unicorn contourny Or.

Conflict with John of Sternfeld, Per fess engrailed azure and vert, a sea-unicorn with bat’s wings erect to sinister Or. There is a CD for the field, but nothing for changing the type of wing. (06/2001)

Tsvia bas Zipporah Levi of Granada. Badge. (Fieldless) On a glove aversant inverted argent a pomegranate inverted gules.

Withdrawn by the submitter. (06/2001)

Turpin Akraspillir. Device. Argent, a vanilla leaf inverted proper, a chief azure.

The primary charge is the leaf of a vanillaleaf plant (genus Achlys). Europeans did not discover it until the 18th century so cannot be used in SCA armory. (02/2000)

Turpin Akraspillir. Device. Argent, an arum lily vert, a chief azure.

The primary charge was called a cockoupynt. We replaced it with the modern term for the plant, because no commenter recognized the term.

Conflict with Stephen of Irongate, Or, a sprig of four mangrove leaves fructed vert and a chief azure. There is a CD for changes to the field but none for type between the two leafy plants. (07/2001)

Uilleag Ó Conmhaic. Device. Gyronny arrondy of six azure and Or, a wolf sejant ululant sable.

Conflict with Adren cú Faol, Per chevron pean and Or, in base a wolf sejant ululant sable. As the wolf in Adren’s device must be in base, there is only a single CD for the change of the field.

Furthermore, the identifiable portions of the wolf are mostly on the blue sections; therefore the device may have been returned for contrast problems even without the conflict. In addition, the position as drawn blurred the distinction between sejant and statant. (05/2001)

Uilleag Ó Conmhaic. Device. Or, a wolf sejant ululant sable within a bordure azure.

Conflict with Katla der Kenntnisreich, Or, a dog rampant sable maintaining a recorder proper, a bordure azure. There is only a single CD for the posture of the canine. (01/2000)

Ulfr Raude. Device. Gyronny vert and Or, a wolf rampant and in chief three barrels gules.

The Laurel office received only one color copy of the device forms. (03/2000)

Úlfr Skallagrímsson. Badge. Per pale sable and argent, a horned helmet counterchanged.

Conflict with Robert of Carlisle, Per pale sable and argent, three helms affronty counterchanged. There is one CD for number of helms, and nothing for type of helm. (10/1999)

Ulric the Fox. Device. Per pale and chaussé argent and sable, a fox’s mask counterchanged.

Conflict with the badge for Arinbjorn Rúnólfsson Rafnssonar, A wolf's head cabossed per pale sable and argent enflamed gules. An examination of the emblazon shows that the enflaming of Arinbjorn's head is not worth a CD. Therefore, there is only one CD for adding the field. (12/2000)

Ulrich Krieger. Device. Barry and per chevron throughout sable and Or.

Conflict with Gonzaga (important non-SCA arms), Barry Or and sable and Barry Goldsson, Barry of six Or and sable. There is only a single CD for change of half the field. (12/1999)

Ulvar MacVanis. Device. Per pale purpure and vert, a wolf’s head couped and on a chief wavy argent three roses proper.

While we have been generally lenient about the way animal heads are couped, this particular rendition is too far from known period practices. In period heraldry, couping was generally drawn as a straight horizontal line, although there are some examples where the line is tilted. In this case the line was very carefully drawn to follow the shoulder line; it is bendwise at the top and palewise at the bottom. Therefore, we are returning this for violating RfS VIII.4.c, Natural Depiction. (07/2000)

Úna inghean Dauíd. Name.

No forms were received by Laurel. (06/2001)

Undewyn de Maccuswell. Device. Argent, a saltire sable, overall on a Celtic cross throughout gules nine Wake knots Or.

In November, 1994, Laurel registered a device containing multiple conjoined knots, but indicated that was borderline:

There was much commentary on the issue of whether the charge runs afoul of our long-standing ban on knotwork; the consensus here seems to be similar to that of several years ago when we were considering three Wake knots conjoined in pall : "The question is whether the conjunction of the knots diminishes their identifiability to the point where they should not be allowed. In this case, the answer seems to be ‘no’. Note, however, that this would not be the case were the knots not of themselves clearly defined period heraldic charges, were the knot itself complex or requiring modification in shape to produce the conjunction (as would be the case with a Lacy knot) or were the numbers so increased ... as to diminish the size seriously." (Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane, LoAR of 26 November 1989, p. 9) It should be noted, however, that this badge is probably pushing right to the limits of the allowance; an increase of number would probably begin to reduce the identifiability of the separate knots (Da’ud ibn Auda, November 1994 LoAR, p.8).

While the knots are not quite conjoined in this armory, one must look closed to tell, even with the large emblazon. Furthermore, there are more than twice as many knots as in the borderline case. Lastly, the saltire has been pushed upwards to underlie the center of the elongated Celtic cross, which is not period style either. Altogether this must be returned. (11/1999)

Ungust Filius Antonii. Name and device. Azure, a triangle inverted voided and a triangle voided conjoined in pale within the astronomical sign for Taurus argent.

When Laurel first accepted registration of astrological symbols, he did so based on a period example of the symbols being used essentially as decoration on a celestial sphere (or as identifying marks). Therefore their use as standard charges must be considered a weirdness. Using it in this non-standard fashion (the framing of one charge by another is itself very rare in period heraldly), is another weirdness, especially combined with another highly usual charge used in an unusual fashion. Overall, this design is too far from period practice to be registerable. (06/2000)

Urling of the Boar Ring. Name.

No one was able to justify Boar Ring as a reasonable locative or even as a descriptive byname. The submitter should be informed that Bourying is dated to 1302 in Reaney & Wilson and would be acceptable. (08/1999)

URQUHART of Cromartie. Device. Or, three boars’ heads erased gules.

There was insufficient evidence given to justify protecting these arms. (08/1999)

Ursella of Rowantree. Device. Vert, on a bend sable fimbriated, three suns in their splendor palewise Or.

Conflict with John Peregrine of Restormel, Azure, on a bend sable fimbriated three mullets bendwise sinister Or. There is one CD for the change of the color of the field, but, as suns and mullets are not substantially differer, there is nothing for changing the type only of the tertiaries. The submitter should also be informed that charges on a bend were invariably oriented along the bend, not palewise. (11/1999)

Ursula Georges. Device. Gules, a bear passant sable between three mullets of six points Or.

The submitter asked that this be registered under RfS VIII.6, Documented Exceptions. She included numerous examples of sable charges on gules from different areas of Europe. While there was enough evidence given to support Gules, a bear passant sable (which conflicts with Berlin, Argent, a bear passant sable), the only examples the submitter presented of a low contrast charge between high contrast secondaries the central charge was an ordinary. As ordinaries have a different level of complexity from an animate charge, we cannot consider their examples as sufficient. None of the examples present showed the case Gules, <an animate charge> sable between <charges> Or (or argent). The Documented Exceptions rule is by nature very conservative; one needs multiple examples of very similar patterns to allow extrapolations. Therefore, we must return the device. (03/2000)

Usama al-Rashid. Device. Argent, a brazier sable enflamed proper between in cross four decrescents gules.

The flame was drawn as Or fimbriated gules, rather than alternating tongues of Or and gules. This depiction has been grounds for return in the past. (06/2000)

Uther of Elgin. Device. Azure, on a chief triangular Or a thistle proper.

This is returned for redrawing. The device does not show a chief triangular, the charge extends far too far down the shield; a chief triangular should not extend beyond the fess line and ideally should extend only a third of the way down the shield. This is not a pile, as the charge issues from the corners (and should extend nearly to the base of the shield). This is not chaussé, as it does not extend to the bottom of the shield. Lastly, this is not per chevron inverted, as it does not extend from the sides of the shield. By longstanding precedent, such lines must fit into one of the above four documented categories. If redrawn as chaussé or per chevron inverted, it will conflict with the badge for Scotland, A thistle proper, with only a single CD for adding the field. If redrawn as a pile, it will conflict with Jaromir Mikhailovich, Azure, on a pile Or in chief a sun gules, with only a single CD for the changes to the tertiary charges. (03/2001)

Utrecht. Device. Quarterly I and IV gules, a cross argent, and II and III Or, a lion rampant gules.

No evidence was given that the Utrect was an independent entity, nor that it is otherwise important enough or familiar enough to protect. See the Cover Letter for more details. (12/2000)

Vargavik, Shire of. Device. Gyronny arrondy Or and gules, in canton a laurel wreath sable.

Conflict with the Order of the Laurel, (Tinctureless) A laurel wreath. As the order’s badge is tinctureless and fieldless, there is not a CD for position, nor is there any CD’s for tincture.

There was some discussion as to whether these could be called clear via RfS X.3 Required Charges Transparent. That rule, however, only allows armory with required charges to be considered "simple armory" for the purposes of X.2. As both pieces of armory are already simple, this rule does not apply. A reasonable extension of this rule would be to allow armory consisting of only required charges to be considered field primary, which was presumably the intent of the commenters. That extension, however, would be a rules change and thus needs to be considered as such. In any case, RfS X.3 only applies when both pieces of armory have required charges, and the laurel wreath is not a required charge for the Order of the Laurel. (04/2001)

Varia Goffe. Device. Vair, a drakkar reversed sable.

Conflict with Earl of Aran of Old (important non-SCA arms), Argent, a lymphad sable, and the Lord of Lorne of Old (important non-SCA arms), Or a lymphad sable. In both cases there is a CD for the field, but by long standing precedent nothing for reversing a ship or between a drakkar and a lymphad. (02/2000)

Veraquilon, Canton of. Branch name and device. Azure in pale two boreae addorsed and conjoined argent and a laurel wreath Or.

The name as supposed to mean True North Wind, however, this is not a reasonable placename in either English or Latin. Metron Ariston suggests the name Aquilonia Nova, based on the classical town Aquilonia. The device must be returned as we cannot form holding names for groups. (12/1999)

Vilku Urvas, Shire of. Branch name.

We have traditionally been somewhat more lenient with names from cultures for which we don't have adequate reference works, and we see no reason to change this policy. However, it does not mean that one can in such cases simply look up random words in a dictionary. At the very least we would expect the submitters to show, first, that the name is grammatically correct and, second, that similar constructions exist somewhere else. These examples of similar names would ideally be from nearby cultures. (09/2000)

Vladislav de Jaffa. Device. Per chevron ermine and sable, a lion's head erased argent.

Conflict with the badge for Kasilda Kubasek, Gules, a natural leopard's head erased argent, spotted sable. There is a CD for the field but nothing for the forced change of position on the field. Nor is there a CD for markings on the head of Kasilda's leopard. (02/2000)

Volker Ælfwine. Device. Sable chaussé papellony vert and argent, a pithon displayed argent.

Conflicts with Reynald il Bianco, Per chevron inverted sable and gules, overall a winged serpent erect displayed argent with a CD for the change of field. The pithon on Reynald’s device has bird wings, but as both types of wings are used in period this is not worth a difference. It also conflicts with Artus Falconieri, Quarterly pean and purpure, a wyvern displayed argent; in period a heraldic pithon was a variant of a wyvern. It is clear of Tyra Stewart of Moray, reblazoned elsewhere in the letter, Azure, a pithon erect wings addorsed gorged of a collar trailing three links argent; an examination of the blazon showed that the wings in Tyra’s device were addorsed, not displayed. (11/1999)

Volodymyr Mykhailovych Dolhoruko. Device. Or, a bear statant gules, on a chief sable three Ukrainian sun crosses Or.

No documentation was provided that Ukrainian sun crosses were used as anything except an artistic motif in period. There are many artistic motifs that were never used in heraldry, even in areas that used heraldry. Therefore, being an artistic motif is insufficient. As there is not period Ukranian heraldry it may be difficult to show that the sun crosses were use in heraldry; however, it may be sufficient to show examples of a sun cross used as a form of iconic identification similar to armory. (11/1999)

Wajdi al-Gharbi. Name (see PENDS for device).

The given name was only documented as a modern one. (02/2001)

Welfengau, Canton of. Augmentation of device. Or, a tower triple-towered sable within a laurel wreath and on a chief gules a griffin passant Or, as an augmentation, surmounting the tower an inescutcheon gules charged with a sun in his splendor Or.

Augmentations are required to by themselves be free of conflict, as noted in the October 1998 LoAR (James Eldon of York, Kingdom of the Outlands). This augmentation conflicts with the flag of Macedonia, Gules, a sun Or, and Wendryn Townsend, Azure, a sun in glory Or. (10/1999)

Wil Elmsford. Alternate name Ninichiro no Togakure.

No documentation was submitted for this name, and since the College could not provide such documentation either we have to return this. The submitter might wish to consult Name Construction in Mediæval Japan by Solveig Throndardottir (mka Barbara Nostrand), ISBN 0-9642082-0-2. (08/2000)

Wilfred de Ackelonde. Device. Checky sable and argent, a dragon rampant gules.

This device conflicts with the Free Company of Mariners (Bela of Eastmarch), Gyronny sable and argent, a dragon rampant gules, armed and webbed vert. There is one CD for field but nothing for arming or webbing. (08/1999)

William Flanagan. Badge. (Fieldless) A tree couped gules.

Conflict with Anne the Quiet, Per bend sinister embattled argent and gules, a tree eradicated gules, and the badge for the Shire of Copper Tree, Quarterly azure and argent, a crabtree eradicated gules. In both cases there is a CD for fieldlessness, but nothing for the type of tree nor for the difference between eradicated and couped. Against Anne the Quiet there is also not a CD for the change in position on the field. (02/2000)

William Killian. Device. Azure, in canton a mullet of four points, a bordure argent.

Conflict with Ariel of Alon, Azure, two compass stars argent and a sword argent, hilted gules, winged Or, a bordure argent. As neither a compass star nor a mullet of four points are period charges, and they differ only by the addition of the lesser points, there is not a CD between a mullet of four points and a compass star. There is also not a CD for arrangement on the field, because William’s mullet occupies the same space as one of Ariel’s compass stars. Therefore there is only a single CD for changing the number of primary charges. (01/2001)

William Mac an toisich. Name.

This name conflicts with the registered name of Uilleam Mackintosh.

His device is registered under the holding name William of Blatha an Oir (04/2000)

William of Ravenscroft. Device. Purpure, semy of nails Or, a jewelers saw set bendwise argent, on a chief Or three Bowen crosses sable.

This is the defining instance of a jewelers saw; therefore, the item must be documented as a period artifact and evidence must be given showing that this emblazon matches period forms. The only documentation given for this artifact dates to the 18th century, well out of our period.

In addition, the nail appears to be a cross between a nail and a rivet. This type of nail must also be documented as a period artifact before it can be used in arms. (06/2000)

William the Admirer. Device. Gules, on a fess ermine three compass roses gules .

The name was on the Lochac LoI dated January 1, 2000; however, no one in the College of Arms received that letter. Therefore, this is returned for lack of a given name. (05/2000)

Winalee Mareschall. Name and device. Vert, on a roundel argent a violet purpure slipped vert, a bordure invected Or.

According to section IV.C.2 of the Administrative Handbook, any non-standard names must be documented. In the case of the submitter’s legal name, such documentation is normally a photocopy of a driver’s license, a passport or other such document. As no such documentation was provided we have to return this name.

Since there is no registerable given name, we cannot form a holding name; therefore the device must be returned as well. (02/2001)

Wladyslaw Polonus. Name.

As Polonus means 'the Pole' or 'of Poland', this name conflicts with the three kings cited on the Letter of Intent: Wladyslaw I (king of Poland from 1306), Wladyslaw II (king from 1386) and Wladyslaw III (king from 1434).

The device has been registered under the holding name Michael of Abhainn Cíach Ghlais. (04/2000)

Wolfgang the Gamesman. Name change from Wolfgang the Gamener.

The letter of intent justified gamesmen as a "modernized singular form" of gememen. While we do accept modern English forms of bynames through the lingua anglica rule, the documentation given lists the modern form as game-man. As the submitter allowed no changes, we must return the name. (11/1999)

Wolfram von Aalst. Device. Azure, on a bend between a quill pen bendwise sinister and an open book Or, a monkey dormant palewise gules, a bordure Or.

This is being returned for identifiability and complexity problems. The placement of the monkey dormant fesswise on the bend makes it too small to be identifiable. In addition, the design is unbalanced, and given that its complexity count is eight, this is enough to push it over the edge. (07/1999)

Wolfram von Nürnberg. Device. Or semy of wolf's paw prints, a wolf rampant azure sustaining a staff topped with a cross formy sable.

The wolf's paw prints are so small as to be unrecognizable. Therefore, we are returning this for a redraw. (12/2000)

Wolfram von Taus. Device. Per bend sinister sable and gules, a boar’s head erased close Or.

Conflict with the badge of Harold von Auerbach, A unicornate boar’s head erased Or. There is one CD for adding the field, but noting for the removal of the horn. (01/2001)

Wulfgar Neumann. Device. Gyronny sable and argent, a wolf statant purpure atop a spear fesswise Or.

Even though the field is evenly divided of a color and metal, most of the identifying parts of the wolf are on sable areas of the field, making the wolf unidentifiable.

In addition, the posture of the wolf is not blazonable. The position, as drawn, is approximately halfway between "statant" and "courant." (01/2001)

Wulfstan Egweald. Household name House Darkspire.

No documentation was provided that either this name or similar constructions were used in period; the College was not able to provide such documentation either. Also, the issue was raised whether the name sounds like something from a role-playing game to such an extent that it should be considered obtrusively modern. (03/2001)

Wyvernwoode, Barony of. Badge for the Wyvernwood Pursuivant. Vert, a wyvern passant argent, winged bellied and maintaining in the sinister claw a straight trumpet bell in chief Or.

Conflict with Alethia Elphinstone of Dragonhold, Vert, a dragon sejant, wings elevated and addorsed, maintaining in dexter forepaw a crescent Or. As a wyvern passant can be equally blazoned as a wyvern sejant, there is no CD for posture, thus there is only a single CD for the tincture of the wyvern.

Additionally, current Administrative policy forbids the registration of badges to local offices when a kingdom or corporate office already has a badge. Therefore we cannot register a badge to a local pursuivant. (10/2000)

Wyvernwoode, Barony of. Order name Wyvern’s Pearl, Order of the.

This name does not follow known period examples of order names. While it is true that the registration of Order of the Wyvern's Scale and Order of the Wyvern's Claw would allow similar names to be registered for the Barony, the current submission is not really similar. The existing orders are of the type Order of the Wyvern's <body part>, and a pearl is not a standard part of a wyvern's body. (10/2000)

Wyvernwoode, Barony of. Order name Wyver's Fang, Order of the.

Submitted on the LoI as Order of the Wyver's Fang, the originally submitted name was Order of the Wyvern's Fang. Unfortunately, however, neither of these follows period examples of order names. Specifically, there is no evidence for the term fang having been used in period for anything but the tooth of a canine animal. As was said in the November 1999 LoAR:

Calafia, Barony of. Order name Order of the Serpent's Fang. No evidence was presented that fang meant "tooth" in period. Barring conflict, the Order of the Serpents Tooth would be acceptable.

No further evidence has been presented, and since a wyvern is not a canine this has to be returned. Order of the Wyverns Tooth should be acceptable, barring conflict. (10/2000)

Xristiana Fraser. Name.

The documentation for Xristiana, as confirmed by checking with Fause Lozenge, indicates that Xristiana is a scribal abbreviation, which we do not register. This would be registerable as Christiana Fraser, and Xristiana Fraser can be used by the submitter as a scribal abbreviation. The submitter, however, allowed no changes so we must return the name. (10/1999)

Yasamin al-Hadiyya. Name.

Unfortunately, not only is there no documentation for Yasamin, the only documentation for the more common form Yasmin is post-period. (10/2000)

Yevane Jameson. Device. Per pall inverted azure, vert and Or.

Conflict with Rivika Vladimirovna Rivkina, Per pall sable, vert, and Or.There is a CD for changing the line of division from per pall to per pall inverted, but nothing for changing the tincture of one third of the field. (12/2000)

Yin Mei Li and Marie Lorraine de Montclair. Joint household name Thorne House and badge. (Fieldless) Three thorns in pall inverted, points to center, argent.

Conflict with Thornhold, registered to Ciorstan MacAmhlaidh. As hold is the designator, it does not contribute difference.

The thorns were unidentifiable. Because we know of no instances of thorns being used as solitary charges we do not know if it is possible to have identifiable thorns without the context of a plant. Being in pall further reduced their identifiability.

The Administrative Handbook does limit joint registration to a "couple" but does not define the term (and the term is used very loosely, i.e., the rules do not specifically say that badges and household names can be registered by more than one individual, they just indicate how the name or badge should be referenced when registered by a couple). A couple does not require that the two people be of different sex, and as we do not inquire as to the exact relationship in general we do not do so here. We do, however, intend to alter the Administrative Handbook to be clearer on the issue and to allow registration of joint badge by any two (but no more than two) individuals. (01/2000)

Yin Mei Li. Device. Per bend sinister argent and azure, an octofoil within eight octofoils in annulo counterchanged.

Size is not the only thing that determines a primary charge. We were unable to devise a way to describe arrangement of the charges in a way that did not imply that they were a primary charge surrounded by a secondary group. Such arrangements cannot use the same type of charge. The problem could be solved by arranging them in a diamond (1,2,3,2, and 1) or in a square (3,3, and 3). (09/2000)

Ynez Chaiya Benveniste. Device. Purpure, two dolphins embowed reguardant in annulo argent, on a chief embattled Or three pomegranates one and two slipped and leaved vert seeded gules.

The dolphins are partially heraldic dolphins and partially natural dolphins. While there is not a CD between them, we do blazon the distinction and request that these be redrawn as one or the other dolphins (preferably the attested heraldic dolphins). Furthermore the arrangement of the pomegranates was highly unusual and we are not certain if the blazon accurately describes the position. Please recommend that the submitter place the pomegranates in fess in future submissions. (12/1999)

Yolande of Isenfir. Device. Argent, on a pile purpure between two roses purpure, seeded slipped and leaved proper, a pegasus segreant argent.

Withdrawn by the submitter. Please instruct the submitter to draw the pile a little narrower on subsequent submissions. (08/2000)

Yorick of the Craigs. Name.

The cases where documentation from Shakesphere is sufficient by itself require that the name be formed in a manner consistent with sixteenth century England (it also helps if the play was written before 1600). In this case Yorick appears to not follow English naming practices, but instead was specifically intended to be a foreign sounding version of George. Barring evidence that the name is compatible with period style we must return it. (08/1999)

Ysabel Natalia Osorio de León. Device. Per chevron purpure and vert, two lions combattant Or and a chalice argent.

This submission is returned for lack of paperwork. (09/1999)

Ysan Layla. Device. Argent, on a pall sable a owl striking affronty argent, in chief a rondel sable.

The owl on the pall was not displayed, as listed on the letter of intent, but striking affronty. That position is not allowed as it is not found in period heraldry and is inherently three dimensional.

Had the owl been drawn displayed, the unusual arrangement of the arms on the pile may still have been returnable, as such a drawing would probably not be reproducible. (08/1999)

Yvon-Maurice Charon. Device change. Ermine, a cross formy nowy vert and on a chief sable three crosses of Lorraine bottony argent.

This depiction of a cross formy with convex edges has been returned in the past (see the December 1998 LoAR, p. 15, s.n. Séamus Ó Cuileáin). In resubmission, we would also like to see justification of the modification of the ends of crosses of Lorraine, as this is a potential problem. (07/2001)

Zeeland, Counts of. Device. Per fess wavy Or and barry wavy azure and argent, issuant from the line of division a demi-lion gules.

No evidence was given that the Counts/County of Zeeland was an independent entity, nor that it is otherwise important enough or familiar enough to protect. See the Cover Letter for more details. (12/2000)

Zefiryna Mikhailovna. Name change from holding name Esmerelda of Dun Or.

No forms were included with the submission. Moreover, the College of Arms is not familiar with the source cited for the given name, and we would therefore require a more detailed discussion of the source in any resubmission. (03/2000)

Zefiryna Mikhailovna. Name change from holding name Esmerelda of Dun Or and device. Or, a Russian firebird’s head erased contourny and a chief gules.

The documentation for the given name was not properly summarized in the LoI: it is not sufficient to list the page number and bibliographical information of a source, we need to know what is said. As none of the commenters were able to find documentation that the name is period — and in fact they found indications that it is modern — we are returning the name.

Her device was registered to her in May, 2000. (01/2001)

Zhivana Anastasiia Svemirovna. Household name House of the Amber Moon.

While the submitter did give evidence that amber was used as a color towards the end of our period (although only in a poem), she did not give any evidence showing that <color> Moon is a reasonable household name, i.e., a name consistent with some period organized group of people. (12/1999)

Zoe Amaranta. Device. Purpure, on a bend sinister between five musical notes two and three Or an amaranth purpure slipped and leaved vert.

This is returned for a lack of identifiability of the amaranth flower. The amaranth as drawn did not resemble any of the versions we were able to find. Old World amaranth flowers are clusters of flowers resembling cloves. (10/2000)

Zutphen, Counts of. Device. Per fess azure and argent, a lion passant Or and a cross moline gules.

No evidence was given that the Counts/County of Zutphen was an independent entity, nor that it is otherwise important enough or familiar enough to protect. See the Cover Letter for more details. (12/2000)