THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN REGISTERED:

ĆTHELMEARC

Ađakan Snorrason. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Appearing on the Letter of Intent as Ađak{a-}n Snorrason, the name was submitted as Adakan Snorrason. The correction made by kingdom reflects a typographical error in the source material (Lena Peterson's online Nordiskt Runnamslexikon); macrons (long marks) are not found in Old Norse. The macrons here appear to be an error for the grave accent (á). As diacritic marks may be omitted from Old Norse, we are making it Ađakan to correct the mistaken form (noting that the error is not the kingdom's, but the typesetting of the source into PDF) and make it closer to the submitted form. Ađakán would be a more scholarly form.

Anna Leigh. Name and device. Quarterly sable and gules, a cross and a bordure ermine.

This name does not conflict with the registered Anna Lys. The given names are identical, so difference must come from the bynames. The bynames are clearly different in appearance, sharing only the initial letter. Pronunciation of the bynames is complicated. Middle and Early Modern English forms of Leigh suggest that as today the name can be pronounced either \LEE\ or \LAY\. Lys is a French placename so it was pronounced as \LIHS\. With either pronunciation of the submitted name, the bynames are different enough to be registered.

Araki Aya. Name.

Arias Beltran del Valle. Name.

Submitted as Arías Beltran del Valle, no evidence was presented nor could any be found that the accent in the given name was correct. We have therefore changed it to the documented Arias. Beltran on the other hand, can be registered as either Beltran or Beltrán.

As documented, there was an over 400 year gap between the first two elements and the last element; commenters were able to bring that down to less than 100 years, with all elements dated to the late 15th or early 16th century.

Barak Elandris Bear the Wallsbane and Judith of Kirtland. Joint badge. (Fieldless) In fess a bear sable and a cat Or combatant conjoined at their paws.

Cormac mac Domhnaill. Name.

Appearing on the Letter of Intent as Cormac_Domhnaill, Gaelic names require that the relationship between a person and his relative be indicated explicitly, giving Cormac mac Domhnaill if Domhnall is his father or Cormac Ua Domhnaill if Domhnall is an earlier ancestor. The submitter indicated that he preferred the first form; we have made that change in order to register the name.

The submitter requested authenticity for 12th - 13th century. All elements are found in both centuries, so it meets that authenticity request.

Durante de Caravaggio. Name.

Appearing on the Letter of Intent as Durante da Caravaggio, the name had been changed at kingdom from Durante de Caravaggio. Aryanhwy merch Catmael presented an example of the byname de Caravaggio; we have therefore returned the name to the submitted form.

We note that there are many examples, both in Latinized contexts and in some parts of Italy in vernacular ones, of the use of de in place of both di and da. So the byname is not unusual.

Elizabeth Parker. Name.

This is an exemplary sixteenth century English name; Edelweiss found nearly 200 women with this name at that time.

Endless Hills, Barony of. Reblazon of badge. Azure, an Arabic lamp enflamed within a bordure Or.

Blazoned when registered as Azure, a lamp enflamed within a bordure Or, we are clarifying the lamp type.

Geirdís Riurikova. Name and device. Or, a talbot passant sable and on a chief embattled purpure three mullets of six points Or.

This name mixes an Old Norse given name and a Russian byname, which is a step from period practice.

Luca delli Lupi. Name.

Submitted as Luca della Lupi, the preposition della is grammatically incorrect. While della means "of the," it is only suitable with a feminine singular word following it, as in della Castella 'of the castle.' In the case of a family name, the proper form is delli or the more common spelling degli, which is the plural form (as family names were considered to mark a group of people). Both spellings can be seen with family names in the complete names section of Juliana de Luna's "Names in 15th Century Florence and her Dominions." We have made that change to delli in order to register the name.

Ragna Hakonardottir of Skara. Name and device. Per bend sinister azure and sable, a bend sinister raguly between a wolf's head erased and a mullet of eight points argent.

The locative byname is the lingua Anglica form of an Old Norse byname.

This device is not a conflict with the device of Gabrielle de La Rivičre, Per bend sinister azure and sable, a bend sinister embattled counter-embattled between two dragonflies bendwise sinister, that in base inverted, argent. There is one CD for the change in type of secondaries, and one CD for the change in orientation of half the secondary charges: while a mullet has no meaningful orientation, a wolf's head could be bendwise sinister.

Ragnhildr Styrmisdottir Caithnes. Name change from Raignailt Sturemi Caithnes.

The byname Caithnes is grandfathered to the submitter. Gunnvor silfraharr provided several possible completely Old Norse forms of the name, which we are passing along to the submitter in case she's interested: two using a form of an adjective meaning "woman from Caithness," Ragnhildr kataneskr Styrmisdóttir and Ragnhildr in kataneska Styrmisdóttir, and one using a marked locative Ragnhildr Styrmisdóttir í Katanesi (all derived from data in Cleasby Vigfusson).

Her previous name, Raignailt Sturemi Caithnes, is released.

Sebastianne La Rousse. Name and device. Per chevron flory at the point argent and azure, a bordure counterchanged.

The given name was documented as a constructed name; Red Flame was able to find it in France dated to 1598 and 1600 (she notes that the spelling Sebastienne was more common). While it is more common to find the article la as lowercase, both are found.

This name does not conflict with Sebastien de la Roche, registered elsewhere on this letter. The bynames are significantly different in sound (sharing only the first consonant) and appearance. We decline to rule on whether the given names are significantly different.

Sebastien de la Roche. Name.

This name does not conflict with Sebastianne la Rousse, registered elsewhere on this letter. The bynames are significantly different in sound (sharing only the first consonant) and appearance. We decline to rule on whether the given names are significantly different.

AN TIR

Alana of Adiantum. Name.

Adiantum is a registered branch name.

Andronikos Belisariou. Badge. Sable, on a lozenge per pale gules and Or a gryphon's head erased at the shoulder sable.

The submitter is advised to draw the erasing in a more pronounced fashion.

Anna Rijsdam. Name.

Submitted as Anna Rysdam, the submitter indicated that she would prefer the spelling Rijsdam if it could be documented. Noir Licorne was able to date that spelling to 1638. Therefore, we have made that change in order to meet the submitter's request.

Aryanhwy merch Catmael notes that unmarked locative bynames like this one are rare, but that there are 15th century examples. Therefore this can be registered in the submitter's preferred form.

Dragano Sanuto da Firenze. Name and device. Sable, on a wolf sejant ululant contourny argent a fleur-de-lys vert and in chief three crescents argent.

Nice 14th century Venetian name!

The use of a wolf ululant is a step from period practice.

Francisca de Montoya. Name and device. Per fess purpure and argent, a decrescent counterchanged and in chief two mullets of eight points argent.

Nice late period Spanish name!

Isabella Mor of Three Mountains. Name and device. Or, on a dragon sejant between three hearts gules a mullet Or.

Submitted as Isabella Mor, that submission conflicts with Isobel Muire, registered in February of this year. The submitter agreed to the addition of the branch name of Three Mountains in order to register the name. We have made that change.

Three Mountains is the registered name of an SCA branch.

Lourenço de Compostella. Name.

While documented as Portuguese, the spelling Lourenço is also found in medieval Galicia, as found in El priorato benedictino de San Vicenzo de Pombeiro. The spelling Compostella is unusual, but found in the 14th and 15th centuries in CORDE; one such citation describes the arçeuispe de compostella 'archbishop of Compostella,' making it clear that the locative byname is appropriate, though it is far less common that de Santiago.

Magdalen Murdoch of Derhirst. Name change from Mairghread Murdoch.

The submitter may want to know that, while the name is fine as submitted, Magdelen Murdoch of Derehurst or Dearhurst would be a completely 16th century form.

Her previous name, Mairghread Murdoch, is retained as an alternate name.

Martin von München. Device. Per pale argent and sable, an eagle between four crosses potent two and two counterchanged.

Richenda du Jardin. Badge. Per pale bendy sinister azure, Or and argent and bendy Or, argent and azure, a bordure compony argent, azure and Or.

This submission was pended on the January 2011 LoAR to discuss whether or not it appears to be impaled armory and whether or not the low-contrast complex tinctured bordure removes the appearance of marshalling/impaling if the submission was deemed to be impaling/marshalling. The consensus was that it does not appear to be impaled armory, and we may therefore register it.

Sebastiaen des Roseaux. Name and device. Per bend azure and sable, a pile bendwise throughout between a cup and a bee argent.

Aryanhwy merch Catmael provided a 1292 citation of the byname, here spelled Rosiaus. The spelling Roseaux for that element is compatible with with late period spellings (it is in fact found in Jean Nicot's 1606 Le Thresor de la langue francoyse). Therefore it can be registered.

This name mixes a Dutch given name and a French byname, which is a step from period practice. A completely late period French name would be Sebastien des Roseaux.

Talia Soranzo da Chioggia. Name and device. Per pale gules and sable, a winged sea-unicorn and in chief three fleurs-de-lys Or.

Ursel Lindenhayn. Name and device. Per fess argent and azure, a linden tree eradicated and a bordure embattled counterchanged.

The submitter requests authenticity for German, near Koln. This is a nice 15th century German name; we cannot confirm whether either element was in use near Koln.

Wenna of Saint Ives. Name.

Yvette Coeur. Device. Per fess purpure and vert, on a heart argent in pale a triquetra vert and a triquetra inverted purpure conjoined.

ANSTEORRA

Avelyn Blakenye. Name and device. Argent, three foxgloves azure slipped and leaved within a bordure vert.

Nice English name for anytime after 1300!

Avelyn Blakenye. Badge. (Fieldless) A holly leaf azure.

David ben Reuben. Reblazon of device. Per chevron gules and sable, a Star of David and in base an Arabic lamp Or.

Blazoned when registered as Per chevron gules and sable, a Star of David and in base a lamp Or, we are clarifying the lamp type.

Eógan hua Béolláin. Device. Gules, a sun in splendor Or and on a chief ermine a sword reversed sable.

Gordon MacBlayr de Galowaye. Reblazon of device. Per chevron azure and vert, a chevron argent between two winged lions combattant and in pale a compass star and an arabian lamp Or, enflamed at the tip proper.

Blazoned when registered as Per chevron azure and vert, a chevron argent between two winged lions combattant and in pale a compass star and a lamp Or, enflamed at the tip proper, we are clarifying the lamp type.

Gordon MacBlayr de Galowaye. Reblazon of badge. Vert, in pale a compass star and an Arabic lamp Or, enflamed at the tip proper.

Blazoned when registered as Vert, in pale a compass star and a lamp Or, enflamed at the tip proper, we are clarifying the lamp type.

Marie de Giro. Name and device. Gules ermined, a badger rampant to sinister within a bordure engrailed Or.

The identifiability of the ermine spots would be greatly increased by drawing them larger and fewer in number.

Matthäus Christianus von Wassenburg. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Matthäus Christianus von Wachsenburg, the name was changed at kingdom to Matthäus von Wassenburg to match the documentation kingdom could find. Commenters were able to find examples of Christianus in period. The submitter may want to know that it is a Latinzed form of Christian, and that it would be more typical for both names to be vernacular (Matthäus Christian von Wassenburg) or Latinized (Mattheus Christianus von Wassenburg). We have restored the submitted given name, as the submitter authorized that specific change.

Unfortunately, commenters were unable to find evidence that the spelling Wachsenburg is found in our period.

Roselynde d'Angleterre. Reblazon of badge for Maison du Flamant Sauvage. Gules, on a lozenge argent between four fleurs-de-lys in saltire bases to center Or, a pink flamingo statant sinister leg raised proper..

Blazoned when registered in February 1987 as Gules, on a lozenge argent, between four fleurs-de-lys in saltire, bases to center, Or, a flamingo statant, sinister leg raised, proper, we are clarifying the tincture of the flamingo.

Vyolante Drago do Porto. Alternate name Mongo Checheg.

The submitter requested authenticity for Mongolia at the time of Ghengis Khan; we believe, though cannot be sure (given our paucity of data from that time), that this name meets that request.

ARTEMISIA

Ćlin de Worthingeborgh. Name.

Submitted as Aelin of Vordingborg, this name uses the lingua Anglica form of a Danish placename (which existed from the 12th century on). It is registerable as submitted.

The submitter indicated that she was interested in a name authentic for late 12th or early 13th century Denmark. The name Aelin is a misreading of the attested Ćlin, but it is not attested before the 14th century; the attested form of the name for the 12th or 13th centry is the Latinized Elena.

The only 13th century forms of the placename we could find at that time were in Swedish context; the Svenskt Diplomatarium dated Worthingeburg to 1280 in a Latinized context. On the Danish side, the earliest form commenters could find was the 1413 Wordingborgh from Diplomatarium Danicum.

Thus an authentic form for her desired time is likely to be Ćlin de Worthingeborgh or Elena de Worthingeborgh. The first is closer to the submission; we have made that change in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity.

ATENVELDT

Ćlfred Lionstar of Ravenspur. Badge. (Fieldless) A sword inverted sable winged at the quillions, the blade entwined of two serpents respectant Or.

Per the May 2009 Cover Letter, "'an X entwined of a Y' is a primary X and a secondary Y."

Amanda of Sankt Vladimir. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per fess purpure and sable, a jester's cap and a dragon's head couped argent.

Submitted under the name Mononobe Tatsuni.

Anastasia of Three Oaks. Badge. (Fieldless) An acorn inverted slipped and leaved proper.

Ariel Longshanks. Name (see RETURNS for device).

This mixes a German Jewish given name with an English byname; the mix is a step from period practice.

Berkedei Kökösara. Device. Argent, a gurges sable and on a chief gules three bats argent.

Bran FitzRobert. Device. Per bend sinister vert and argent, a harp Or and a stag's head erased gules.

Cassandra Attewoode. Household name Summers Keep and badge. Azure, a wall with a door issuant from base argent masoned sable and in chief a sunburst Or.

Current precedent says that Keep and its Middle English form Kepe are registerable in contexts that surnames would apply, but not as placename elements (see the November 2001 and May 2011 LoARs for more details).

However, for this submission, commenters were able to find evidence of the use of Kepe in placenames. Studies on Middle English local surnames by Mattias Teodor Löfvenberg dates le Kepe as a placename to 1425 (along with Kepeland 1204 and Kepe mede 1530).

Therefore we can overturn the precedent; Kepe is found both as a standalone placename and as a protheme (first element) in English placenames and can be used as such. It is not clear that the element here is in fact the word meaning "castle," as that word is not attested in locations other than placenames and surnames before the 16th century. But it is registerable in contexts where a placename can be registered. This does not allow the registration of Keep as a deuterotheme (second element) in placenames; it remains unattested and will not be allowed without further evidence.

As one pattern for compound placenames is the addition of a family name in the possessive form before an existing placename, Middle English Summers Kepe or Early Modern English Summers Keep can be justified as a plausible placename.

The next question is whether Keep can be a designator, or whether this must be registered as something like Summers Keep House. We are willing to give the submitter the benefit of the doubt that the element Keep found in bynames and placenames is a word meaning something like "castle." As words like Castle can be registered either as designators or as substantive elements within a household name, we can register this as submitted.

Under current precedent, for conflict checking purposes this badge is equivalent to Per fess embattled azure and argent masoned sable, in chief a sunburst Or.

This is clear of the device of Danamas of Starlinghurst, Azure, atop a demi-wall issuant from dexter base, a starling contourny argent perched in a nest Or. There is a CD between a wall and a demi-wall, and a CD for adding the sunburst. The starling and its nest are maintained charges.

This is also clear of the device of the College of Grey Gargoyles, Per fess embattled azure and argent, masoned azure. If Cassandra's armory is considered as a field division, the sunburst becomes a primary charge and thus is clear of Grey Gargoyles by X.1.

Cecily de la Warde. Badge. Azure, a vegetable lamb argent, flowered Or and fructed argent.

Ciaran Gallowglas. Name and device. Argent, on a pale sable between two wolves combatant gules a death's head argent.

This name mixes a Gaelic given name and an Anglicized Irish or English byname; this is a step from period practice. The temporal distance between the name elements as documented would be another step from period practice, and make this name unregisterable (as we do not allow names with two steps from period practice). However, Ciaran is a saint's name, and under the saint's name allowance, can be constructed as a name anytime up to 1600. As such, there is only the single step from period practice, and this name can be registered.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the wolves to better fill the available space.

Deletha of Anandyrdale. Badge. (Fieldless) In pale a domestic cat sejant guardant argent atop a bellows fesswise sable.

Deletha of Anandyrdale. Badge. (Fieldless) In pale a domestic cat couchant guardant argent atop a double-horned anvil sable.

Derder ffrayser. Name and device. Vert, a unicorn statant and on a chief argent three fraises vert.

In July of 2007, Laurel ruled that Derdere was not registerable. The basis of that ruling was the statement by Effric Neyn Ken3ocht Mcherrald (quoted in the decision) that "Derdere is a Latin form used 1 time in 1 late 12th century charter, and may be nominative case but I believe is more likely a mistake (that is, really an oblique case spelling)."

While it is true that the spelling Derdere is fairly likely to be a scribal error, the standard for registerability of names is not that high. The spelling Derdere is found in a period document as a nominative form of the name. Therefore it is registerable. However, this is not the form submitted; if the submitter would prefer Derdere, she needs to file a request for reconsideration.

Eadric of Knight's Crossing. Name and device. Gyronny Or and azure, a lion rampant within an orle sable.

Knight's Crossing is the registered name of an SCA branch.

Ellis of Axminster. Name.

Axminster is not clearly dated, but dated forms include Axminstre and Axeminster (both from The history of Newenham abbey, in the county of Devon by James Davidson. The submitted form is a reasonable interpolation.

Elsa Olavintytär. Badge. (Fieldless) A bee bendwise sinister Or winged argent.

Énán Mac Cormaicc. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Énán Mac Cormaic The submitter requested authenticity for "Early Irish." While this name is registerable, we do not have evidence for the use of Énán except by the legendary saint. Therefore we cannot confirm the name is authentic. The byname was not in its early form, which is Cormaicc. We have made that change in order to partially meet the submitter's request.

Erika of Tir Ysgithr. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Sable, two serpents erect respectant between three mullets of four points and on a chief Or a sword sable.

Submitted under the name Elinor L'Adorable.

Etgar Wit Acra. Name and device. Sable, a dragon passant between three mascles argent.

The submitter requested authenticity for 11th or 12th century English; this name meets that request. The submitter might want to know that at this time, unmarked locative bynames are quite rare, and the more typical form would be Etgar de Wit Acra. However, unmarked locative bynames are found in the Domesday book, according to Reaney and Wilson, as well as 100 examples from the 12th century.

Finnr Eiríksson. Name.

Giovanni d'Angelo. Name.

Submitted as Giovanni D'Angelo, the usual form of the preposition is lowercase. No evidence was presented that the capitalized form was found. We have therefore made it lowercase in order to register it.

The submitter requested authenticity for Italy; with the change mentioned above, the name meets that request.

Gwenllian Dragon of Gunthorpe. Name and device. Per bend sinister gules and Or, two roses counterchanged barbed and seeded vert and on a chief Or an ivy vine vert.

The spelling Gwenllian was found by Edelweiss in the late 16th century in both English and Anglicized Welsh contexts.

Heiritha Cobbley of Stanford. Name and device. Per bend sinister azure and sable, a drop spindle bendwise argent.

Heiritha is a saint's name, found in Camden (1616) as Hierytha.

The spelling of Cobbley was not found, but can be constructed. Aryanhwy merch Catmael found 14th century spellings Cobeley and Cobbelaye, while Edelweiss found sixteenth century Cobley. Given the spelling variants, and variants found for other similar names, we can give the submitter the benefit of the doubt and register the submitter's preferred spelling.

Hereward of Vinland. Reblazon of device. Sable, a straight trumpet palewise surmounted by an escallop inverted, a bordure argent.

Blazoned when registered as Sable, a straight horn palewise, bell in chief, debruised by an escallop, a bordure, all argent, the escallop is inverted.

Hugo Harp. Device. Sable, an eagle within a bordure dovetailed Or charged with an orle sable.

Isabelle le Charpentier de Normandie. Badge. (Fieldless) On a church bell within and conjoined to an annulet azure a fleur-de-lys argent.

Jurik Dimkovich. Name and device. Or, two brown bears statant erect addorsed proper and a chief indented sable.

Kirsten Maria Matz. Device. Purpure, a great sword bendwise sinister inverted between two roundels Or, each charged with a penguin statant proper.

The use of a penguin is a step from period practice.

Loralei Fulderer. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Loralei is the submitter's legal name.

Mathghamhain MacCionaoith. Badge. Per chevron sable and argent, a chevron embattled counterchanged between a harp reversed and a harp Or and a raven volant bendwise sable.

Meadhbh MacNeill. Device. Gules, a dragonfly and on a chief embattled Or three maple leaves gules.

Milana Lancia. Name.

This name was documented from de Felice. While this is a fine source, not all the names in it are period. Therefore, names may be documented from this (and any other) source only insofar as the source says that the name was in use before 1600. For the given name, de Felice does not provide that evidence; his evidence for the byname is skimpy. In this case, commenters were able to find alternate documentation, and this name can be registered.

Milana follows a well documented Italian pattern of creating given names from places. David Herlihy, "Tuscan Names, 1200-1530," discusses this pattern, giving examples Pisano, Bologno, Parmisano, Milano and Veneto, among others. In late 15th century Pisa, we can find Pisana as a feminine name; this combination makes Milana a quite plausible given name.

Mineko of Twin Moons. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Mineko is the submitter's legal given name.

Twin Moons is the registered name of an SCA branch.

Moricius Rosamon. Device. Argent, a hourglass azure within an orle of oak leaves in orle vert.

Nikolás Ekholm. Name and device. Azure, a tree argent and a ford proper.

Ekholm is the submitter's legal surname. It may also be a period placename, but the documentation did not demonstrate when and where (if anywhere) such a spelling might be found before 1600. It does demonstrate that an earlier form of -holm was used in Old Norse, but does not demonstrate that the element -ek was in use, that the combination is reasonable, or when the submitted form might have come into use. All of these would have to be done to allow it to be registered as a period name. But the name is registerable as is under the legal name allowance.

Ogedai Qara. Device. Gules, a schnecke issuant from base and in chief three increscents Or.

This device is not a conflict with the badge of Adelicia Marie di Rienzi, Gules, a snail passant to sinister Or. There is at least a CD between a snail and a schnecke, and another CD for adding the secondary charges.

There is a step from period practice for the use of a schnecke with secondary charges:

...as we know of no period examples of schneckes with secondary or tertiary charges, we find the use of both in this device to be two steps beyond period practice. We may allow secondary or tertiary charges with a schnecke, but we doubt that the use of either is period practice. [Adriona Nichole la rousse de Beauvoir, November 2000, R-Atenveldt]

Ragnarr skrifari. Name change from holding name Ragnarr of Atenveldt.

Randolph Caparulo. Name.

Caparulo is the submitter's legal surname.

Robert Wallace of Craigie. Name and device. Vert, in pale three fish naiant contourny argent.

Rüdiger Seraphin. Device. Per bend sinister vert and sable semy of hearts, in dexter chief a boar's head erased argent.

Séamus mac Ríáin. Badge. (Fieldless) In fess a shepherd's crook sustained by a winged cat sejant, pendant from the crook a lantern sable.

Sergei Rostov. Device. Quarterly vert and Or, a cross bottony quarterly argent and vert.

Sigrid the Generous. Name and device. Argent, two pink flamingos statant respectant proper and a bordure vert.

This name combines a Swedish given name and an English byname; this combination is a step from period practice.

Sturm van der Meer. Name.

Commenters were able to date Sturm in various spellings to the 14th century (in Seibicke). The spelling Sturm is found as a 13th century byname derived from the given name and can thus be registered in this position.

This name mixes a German given name and a Dutch byname; a fully Dutch form would be Storm van der Meer while a fully High German form would be Sturm van dem Meer.

Tetinka Ribbing. Name.

This name mixes Russian and Swedish, which is a step from period practice.

Uilliam of Iona. Name.

Appearing on the Letter of Intent as Ulliam of Iona, the forms have the typical Gaelic form Uilliam. We have made that change in order to correct the error.

The byname can be seen as the Lingua Anglica form of a Gaelic locative byname or as a wholly English grey period byname (as Iona was found in 1623 by Red Flame in The ground of the Catholike and Roman religion in the word of god).

Uliana Iosefova. Name.

Viana Andreu de Segovia. Name.

Nice 16th century Catalan name!

Ytharus Brütschi. Name.

Nice 15th century German name!

ATLANTIA

Ailis inghean uí Bhriain. Device. Per chevron vert and argent, three triangles one and two Or and a phoenix gules rising from flames proper.

Cuno Groze. Device. Azure, a tricorporate bear and a chief enarched argent.

A tricorporate quadruped has its head guardant by default.

Dagfinnr járnauga. Device. Quarterly dovetailed argent and gules, in bend a dragon rampant vert and a sheaf of arrows sable.

Deadra Colin Madoc. Reblazon of badge. (Fieldless) An axe argent, hafted sable maintaining an entwined rose stalked and leaved argent.

Blazoned when registered as (Fieldless) An axe argent, hafted sable, entwined of a rose stalked and leaved argent, we are clarifying the relative sizes of the charges.

Dietrich von Stroheim. Name and device. Per pale sable and gules, in pale two falcons displayed argent.

There is a step from period practice for use of a bird other than an eagle in the displayed posture.

Domnall mac Arcill. Name and device. Per bend azure and argent, a moon in her plenitude and a crab counterchanged.

Nice 12th century Scottish Gaelic name!

Eduard de Witte. Name and device. Azure, three sheaves of arrows one and two Or.

Nice 14th century (or later) Dutch name!

This is clear of the device of Rumil Fletcher, Azure, three arrows Or. There is a CD for number and a CD for arrangement of the primary charges.

Eiríkr úlfr Ţorisson. Device. Argent, a sea-wolf erect contourny sable and in chief two Thor's hammers sable enflamed proper.

Evja R{o,}gnvaldsdóttir. Name.

Fríđa in hárfagra. Alternate name Frida von Feldkirchen.

As documented, the name is two steps from period practice: Frida is dated to 1094 in a French context (possibly Frankish, possibly Romance, though the name is Frankish in origin). Commenters could not date the German Feldkirch to before 1467. Thus, there is a step from period practice for the more than 300 year gap between elements and another for the lingual mix.

Luckily, Frida is found as a Norwegian name in Lind dated to 1222 (s.n. Fríđa), which brings the two elements to within 300 years of one another, removing a step from period practice and allowing the registration of the name.

This name mixes a Norwegian given name and a German byname; this combination is a step from period practice.

Jacintha of Highland Foorde. Name reconsideration from Giacinta of Highland Foorde.

Her name was registered in October 2009 as Giacinta of Highland Foorde. The submitter gave clear evidence (and commenters found more) of Jacinta as a Spanish given name. We compliment the submitter and her herald for their hard work.

Jaume de Monçó. Name.

Nice 16th century Catalan name!

Niccolo Giovanni. Name.

The question was raised as to whether this name claims a relationship with the registered Isabella Francesca Niccola di Giovanni or Arabella Niccola Giovanni. We do not allow a submitter to make an unambiguous claim to be the parent or child of a protected figure without their permission. Unlike the situation in English, Italian does not combine unmarked patronymics and family names. Therefore, the child of Niccolo Giovanni would be Arabella di Niccolo Giovanni. Therefore, the only way to read Niccola in the two registered names is as a second or third (feminine) given name. Therefore this name does not presume and can be registered.

Roland Gervais. Name.

Nice name for late period England or France!

Roland Wodeman. Name and device. Argent, in pale two turtles between flaunches vert.

Nice name for the later Middle Ages and Renaissance in England.

Timothy Barfoot. Name and device. Per fess azure and sable, a fess wavy between an arrow fesswise and a hand argent.

Vilhjálmr bani. Device. Purpure, a standing balance and in chief three wolves statant Or.

Commentary provided numerous examples of hanging balances in period, but brought up the strong possibility that standing balances may not be period. We decline at this time to rule the standing balance a step from period practice, but submitters interested in balances are encouraged to make use of a hanging balance instead. Examples of period balances may be found at http://larsdatter.com/weighing.htm.

The angle of the arm is an unblazonable artistic detail worth no difference.

CAID

Chiara Nicolosa di Battaglia. Name and device. Quarterly gules semy-de-lys Or and sable, a dragon passant within an orle Or.

Commenters were able to locate an impressive array of citations from Rome and elsewhere in Italy using di as part of a normal locative byname. Therefore, Italian locative bynames may be registered using da, di, or de (though da remains the most common preposition in locative bynames in Tuscany and the north).

These items were pended from the January 2011 Letter of Acceptances and Returns.

The device had been pended because Chiara did not allow the formation of a holding name.

Eiríkr Mjoksiglandi Sigurđarson. Badge. Gules, a cross and in dexter chief an estoile of eight rays Or.

This device was pended to discuss if Gules, a cross Or should be protected as the arms of the Latin Empire of Contstantinople, as appears in the FitzWilliam roll. The FitzWilliam roll is the only place where we were able to find those arms as the arms of Constantinople, even though arms attributed to the Empire are in many rolls. Since one example does not make a pattern, we decline to protect those arms at this time. We are, however, adding several additional arms of Constantinople to our protected list.

This item was pended from the January 2011 Letter of Acceptances and Returns.

Giovanni di Battaglia. Name and device. Quarterly gules and pean, in bend two griffins segreant Or and bordure erminois.

Commenters were able to locate an impressive array of citations from Rome and elsewhere in Italy using di as part of a normal locative byname. Therefore, Italian locative bynames may be registered using da, di, or de (though da remains the most common preposition in locative bynames in Tuscany and the north).

These items were pended from the January 2011 Letter of Acceptances and Returns.

The device had been pended because Giovanni did not allow us to form a holding name.

Sebastian de Grey. Reblazon of badge for the Owlwycke Priory. Per bend sinister argent and sable, an owl affronty sable and an Arabic lamp reversed argent, enflamed Or.

Blazoned when registered as Per bend sinister argent and sable, an owl affronty sable and a lamp reversed argent, enflamed Or, we are clarifying the lamp type.

Vlad Hideg. Device. Sable, a winged serpent, wings displayed, within an orle of chain Or.

This device was returned in error on the May 2011 LoAR, for conflict with the device of Alfred Winddragon, Sable, a wyvern erect and a chief dovetailed Or, citing a single CD for the change of type of secondary charge, from chief dovetailed to a chain.

There is, however, a second CD, for the change of position of the wings, by precedent:

[a pegasus salient vs. a unicornate pegasus salient wings displayed] There is a second CD for changing the posture. While there is no difference between rampant and salient, there is a CD between a creature with its wings displayed and one with its wings addorsed. [Philip Cloonagh, 07/2002, A-Trimaris]

Therefore, Vlad's device is clear of Alfred's. Since there were no other reasons for return cited, we can accept this device.

CALONTIR

Agnes von Heidelberg. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Antoinette Taillerresse. Name change from holding name Antoinette of Forgotten Sea.

Augustine Wormwood. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Red Flame was able to find 16th century examples of Wormwood as a byname, making this a completely 16th century name.

Biétriz la cristaliere. Name change from Elizabeth Joscelyne.

The submitter requested authenticity for 13th century France; this name meets that request. The more typical spelling would omit the accents, but acute accents are found that early.

Her previous name, Elizabeth Joscelyne, is retained as an alternate name.

Deidra of Bonwicke. Badge. Argent, between in fess two palm trees couped proper three pavilions one and two purpure.

Gilmyn Blackleg. Device. Argent, on a bend sinister between a leg reversed couped and a mullet sable an arrow inverted argent.

Please instruct the submitter to draw the mullet properly palewise.

Gunnora Aldyne. Name and device. Azure, on a pale between two carts argent, a mouse rampant azure.

Nice 13th century English name!

Jacquette DeBrackeleire. Name and device. Or, on a fess azure cotised sable between three roses azure barbed, seeded, slipped and leaved proper three flames Or.

DeBrackeleire is the submitter's legal surname.

Jennifer of Standing Stones. Holding name and device (see PENDS for name). Argent, on a chevron purpure three thistles argent, in base on a flame purpure a griffin segreant argent.

Submitted under the name Isobail Kilgour.

Jonathan Kilgour. Name and device. Azure, a keythong rampant and in chief three thistles, all within a bordure argent.

Lucia da Brescia. Name and device. Quarterly Or and gules, a ladybug marked counterchanged.

The submitter requested authenticity for northern Italy in the 7th or 8th century. This name is a fine Italian Renaissance name, but no evidence was presented that any of these elements was in use centuries before.

Owen le Bere ap Rys. Name (see RETURNS for device and badge).

Submitted as Owen le Bere ap Rhys, the submitter requested authenticity for "12th to end of 16th C. Welsh." The name is registerable as is, but it is not authentic. First, the spelling and form of the English byname is much earlier than the spelling of the patronymic; the earlier spelling of the patronym, appropriate in time with the descriptive byname, is ap Rys.

The other option is to make the name suitable for the 16th century. At this time, all examples that we could find that combined an English language byname/surname with a literal Welsh patronymic place the English language element at the end. By this time, Bear would be an inherited surname. That would create a Owen ap Rhys Beare or something similar.

As the earlier form seems the smaller change, we have changed the spelling of the patronymic byname in order to meet the submitter's authenticity request.

Owen le Bere ap Rys. Alternate name Owen Camber ap Rys.

Submitted as Owen Camber ap Rhys, the submitter requested authenticity for "12th to end of 16th C. Welsh." The name is registerable as is, but it is not authentic. First, the spelling and form of the English byname is much earlier than the spelling of the patronymic; the earlier spelling of the patronym, appropriate in time with the descriptive byname, is ap Rys.

The other option is to make the name suitable for the 16th century. At this time, all examples that we could find that combined an English language byname/surname with a literal Welsh patronymic place the English language element at the end. By this time, Camber would be an inherited surname. That would create a Owen ap Rhys Camber or something similar.

As the earlier form seems the smaller change, we have changed the spelling of the patronymic byname in order to meet the submitter's authenticity request.

Randal Logan of Knightsbridge. Badge. (Fieldless) On a cushion per fess sable and vert a dragon couchant argent.

Rannveig Katrin Bjarnardottir. Device. Per pale gules and vert, on a chevron between two gouttes and a horse's head couped argent, a lance fracted in chevron, point to sinister sable.

Robert de Shrouesbury. Name.

Submitted as Robert of Shrewsbury, the submitter requested authenticity for Norman French, which we take to mean Anglo-Norman. This is a late period English name; a Norman form would be a 13th century Robert de Shrouesbury. We have made that change in order to meet the submitter's authenticity request. We note that the submitted form is registerable.

Sakai Ishi. Name.

Sancha Lestrange. Name change from Saerlaith l'Estrangere.

Sancha was not dated in the sources from the Letter of Intent as an English name, though it can be found as a Spanish name. In English, it was rendered Sanchia. Red Flame was able to find it as as a (male) name in 1617 England.

This name combines a Spanish given name and an English surname; this is a step from period practice.

Her previous name, Saerlaith l'Estrangere, is released.

Sibylla Garmonsway. Name and device. Azure, a frog rampant and on a chief rayonny Or three knots of four loops and tassels azure.

Documented as a German-English mix, Red Flame was able to find multiple citations for Sibylla as a feminine given name in England from 1562 on. Thus this can be seen as a fully English name.

Thjothrikr inn harthi. Name and device. Argent estencely gules, an anvil reversed and on a chief sable three keys bendwise sinister, wards to sinister chief, Or.

Submitted as Thjodrikr inn harđi, the spelling of the given name was not justified. While the submitter made a plausible argument for the spelling -rikr for the deuterotheme, no argument was offered for replacing đ with d. Therefore, we have changed the consonant to the documented form.

We will register names in Old Norse that render edh and thorn either as single characters or as th; we will not mix the two. As we assume that the given name spelling is more important to the submitter, we are rendering both characters as th. It would also be registerable as (and can be written as) ţjođrikr inn harđi.

Úlfrún Blackwolf. Name change from Alana filia Tigernáin.

This name mixes Old Norse and English, which is a step from period practice. English bynames that combine a color and an animal are found by the 13th century, and are thus temporally compatible with old Norse.

Her previous name, Alana filia Tigernáin, is retained as an alternate name.

EAST

Altani Khatagidai. Name.

Submitted as Altani Khatagi, the name was pended to discuss whether the submitted byname was unique to the founder of the Khatagin clan, a legendary figure whose father was a supernatural creature. If this is true, it would not be registerable (as a legendary name unique to someone who was not a normal human being). Commenters could find no evidence of the use of the byname by anyone other than that legendary figure. The meaning of the byname is also unclear, which makes it impossible to judge whether it has a meaning tht would be plausible enough to allow it to be constructed as a byname for use by a normal human being. Barring evidence of the use of the name Khatagi by other people, it cannot be registered.

The easiest solution is to create a byname that means "member of the Khatagin clan." The two options are the documented ethnic descriptor Qadagidai (or Khatagidai to use the submitter's transliteration) or the constructed Khatagin-un, which follows an attested pattern. As the former seems the smaller change, as well as being an attested form, we have made that change in order to register the name.

This name was pended from the January 2011 Letter of Acceptances and Returns.

Aoyama Narime. Name change from Nefise bint Abdullah.

The submitter requested authenticity for 16th century Japanese. This name meets that request.

Her previous name, Nefise bint Abdullah, is released.

Bergental, Barony of. Designator change from Bergental, Shire of.

This is an unnecessary action; the Board of Directors determines the status of branches. Laurel merely takes notice of the change of designator when an item is registered with the new status. But we are glad to change the O&A entry if it pleases the submitters to do so.

Brunissende Dragonette de Brocéliande. Reblazon of badge. (Fieldless) A lantern gules.

Blazoned when registered as (Fieldless) A lantern gules, it was re-blazoned in October 2009 as (Fieldless) A lantern gules paned argent. Since then, we have changed precedent on allowing glass to be transparent or unspecified, and the client has requested that we re-blazon it.

Conall mac Taichlich. Name.

Fearghus Ó Conchobhair. Name and device. Per bend sinister gules and vert, a bend sinister cotised between a pheasant volant to sinister chief wings addorsed and a dog statant contourny argent.

Nice 15th or 16th century Gaelic name!

Iacobo ibn Daoud. Name and device. Argent, a bend between four dolphins azure.

While each part of the name is documented for Jewish use, the lingual backgrounds are quite different: Iacopo is found in Spanish (including Catalan) or Italian contexts, while ibn Daoud is found in Arabic contexts. While this combination is registerable, it is not the most likely. A completely Arabic form would be Yaqub ibn Daoud, while a completely Catalan form would be Iacopo (ben) David.

This name mixes Catalan or Spanish with an Arabic byname. The use of two different orthographies makes this combination a step from period practice. This is because even if a name could combine names that were derived from each language, they would be recorded either completely in Spanish or completely in Arabic. Thus, the name mixes two pieces that would not be found together in our period. However, this is the only step from period practice, so this name can be registered.

Nice device!

Iron Bog, Barony of. Badge. Per chevron inverted argent and sable, three swords inverted conjoined in pile counterchanged between in base two bill hooks argent.

Isolda Fairamay. Device. Azure, in fess a trident bendwise Or sustained by a blonde mermaid proper, a gore Or.

Please instruct the submitter that the trident should be at more of an angle from the vertical to be described properly as bendwise.

Jean Corbeau de Montaigne. Name and device. Argent, a compass star Or fimbriated and in chief three mullets, a base wavy azure.

The byname Corbeau was documented as a constructed byname; Red Flame was able to find it as a grey period (1612) French byname.

Past precedent, from 1987, says that a compass star is too complex a charge to fimbriate. However, more recent precedent says that a compass star is simple enough to void: "... a compass star is simple enough to void" [Sunniva Kyrre, April 2006, A-Atlantia]. Since we consider voiding and fimbriation to be artistic variants, and since a compass star passes the so-called "photocopy test" specified by Bruce Laurel, we are explicitly overturning the 1987 precedent and declaring that compass stars are simple enough to both void and fimbriate.

Kennocht MacAndrew. Name and device. Per pale Or and purpure, a keyhole counterchanged, overall a crescent gules.

The submitter requested authenticity; this name is authentic for c. 1600 Scots.

Kennocht has permission to conflict from Andrew MacRobb, Per pale Or and purpure, a keyhole counterchanged.

The use of a keyhole is grandfathered to Kennocht through his stepfather, Andrew MacRobb. The Letter of Permission to Conflict documented the relationship.

Kirstinn Gunnarsdotter of Bergental. Name and device. Lozengy gules and ermine, a bend sinister cotised azure.

Komura Shimitsu. Reblazon of device. Sable, a chevron couped couched from dexter and a chevron couped couched from sinister all within an annulet argent.

Blazoned when registered as Sable, two chevronels couped counter-couched within an annulet argent, we are clarifying the blazon using current terminology.

Malka bint Daoud. Name and device. Azure, a palm tree and in chief three mullets of six points one and two argent.

Malka is a period feminine name that means "queen" in Hebrew.

The Rules for Submissions say:

Names documented to have been used in period may be used, even if they were derived from titles, provided there is no suggestion of territorial claim or explicit assertion of rank. For example, Regina the Laundress is acceptable but Regina of Germany is not.

Like Regina, this name can be registered when the name as a whole makes no claim to rank, as a name like Malka of the East might. As a simple patronymic byname makes no such claim, the name can be registered.

While (Fieldless) Three mullets one and two argent is the standard augmentation of Meridies, the use of three mullets one and two argent is not automatically presumptuous, by precedent:

[Per fess azure and vert, a fess and in chief three mullets one and two argent] After consultation with Laurel, we've concluded that this must be returned for presumption, in violation of RfS XI.4. Specifically, the name and the device together give the appearance of an augmentation of arms that had been granted by the Crown of Meridies.

In March 1996, the Kingdom of Meridies registered (Fieldless) Three mullets one and two argent as the standard form of that kingdom's augmentations. Since then, several registrations - the Barony of Bryn Madoc, Francois duVent, the Barony of the Osprey, Rondallyn of Golgotha - have incorporated this pre-registered design into their own augmented armory. None of these were on a charged canton or inescutcheon, but were placed on the field just as the mullets in this submission were placed.

This, by itself, would not be sufficient reason to return any design with three mullets one and two argent. One might easily have, say, Sable, a chevron inverted between three mullets one and two argent, and it wouldn't necessarily be perceived as bearing a Meridian augmentation. But in this case, the armory was combined with a name that included one of the above list - the Barony of the Osprey - which had received the right to an augmentation from the Crown of Meridies and who had used the three mullets as its form. There was thus a combined allusion, by name and design, to Osprey's own augmentation.

Presumption depends on perception. In this case, we felt that the allusion here to Osprey's augmentation sufficiently strong that an unbiased observer would assume a connection - including that the submitter's arms were themselves augmented.

If the submitter wishes to resubmit this design, she should change her name to remove the allusion to the Barony of the Osprey (or other Meridian territory). Otherwise, we are forced to return the combination as presumptuous. [Desiderata of the Osprey, 07/2007, R-Atenveldt]

Michael Leopold. Device. Sable, a moose's head cabossed argent and a bordure barry wavy azure and argent.

Sera filia Josce. Name.

Shely Magennis. Name.

Nice 16th century Anglicized Irish name!

Symon Fitz Gilbert. Badge. Gules crusilly moline Or.

This badge is not a conflict with the device of Katerine Bontemps, Gules, in bend two crosses moline disjointed Or. There is a CD for the change of number of primary charges and a CD for the change of type of primary charges. Crosses moline disjoint are period heraldic charges, distinguished from regular crosses moline, so we consider them to be significantly different.

Theodora Bryennissa. Name and device. Argent, a hawk's lure and a chief engrailed azure, overall a bordure sable.

Blazoned on the Letter of Intent as a tassel, tassels do not have cords.

Wilham de Broc. Device. Quarterly per fess wavy azure and argent, two ounces rampant azure.

Wulfgang Gruenwald. Name.

The submitter requested authenticity for 12th century Germany. Unfortunately, we have no evidence that either element was in use that early. It is a plausibly authentic 14th century name, however.

LAUREL

Constantinople, Latin Empire of. Device (important non-SCA arms). Gules, a cross between four letters "B" (or furisons), flats to center, Or.

As discussed in the registration of the badge of Eiríkr Mjoksiglandi Sigurđarson, under Caid, we are protecting other common arms of the Empire as they appear in multiple period rolls.

Constantinople, Latin Empire of. Device (important non-SCA arms). Gules, a cross between four annulets Or.

As discussed in the registration of the badge of Eiríkr Mjoksiglandi Sigurđarson, under Caid, we are protecting other common arms of the Empire as they appear in multiple period rolls.

Constantinople, Latin Empire of. Device (important non-SCA arms). Gules, a cross between four crosses couped each within and conjoined to an annulet Or.

As discussed in the registration of the badge of Eiríkr Mjoksiglandi Sigurđarson, under Caid, we are protecting other common arms of the Empire as they appear in multiple period rolls.

LOCHAC

Aoife inghean Uí Chonchobhair. Name.

Francesco di Falco di Pietro Aviati vinattiere. Device. Per pale and per chevron argent and azure, three bees counterchanged.

MERIDIES

Bruce Duncan. Name (see RETURNS for device).

As documented, Bruce is a surname (and Bruce of Airth a title). We have no evidence that Bruce was used as a given name in Scots before 1600 (or indeed before the 19th century). However, it was a rare grey period given name in England; Red Flame was able to find it in 1611 and 1635. Therefore, this name can be registered as submitted. However, the name does not meet the submitter's request for authenticity for 1542 Scotland; our best suggestion for that is to reverse the elements to make Duncan Bruce. However, this would be greater than a major change (and the submitter allows no changes). So we are registering the name as submitted.

Cadiana de Florentia. Name.

Nice 14th century Italian name!

Cera the Pottere. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Cera is a saint's name and can be registered under the saint's name allowance. As it is the Middle Gaelic form, it is suitable for the time up to 1200. That means that it is temporally compatible with the byname.

This name mixes a Gaelic given name with an English byname; this is a step from period practice. But as it is the only one, this name can be registered.

Dragos Schiopul. Name.

Genevieve Alaiz d'Avignon. Device. Per chevron vert and argent, in base a badger rampant sable marked argent maintaining a beehive beset by bees sable.

This device is clear of the device of Aonghus MacThorcadail, Per bend argent and lozengy bendwise sinister argent and vert, in sinister chief a badger rampant sable marked argent. There is a CD for the changes to the field and a CD for the unforced move of the badger from sinister chief to base. The badgers are not forced to move in either piece of armory.

This device had been returned at kingdom for conflict with the badge of Marietta da Firenze, Per pale vert and Or, a badger rampant sable marked argent. Marietta released that badge on the February 2011 LoAR.

Jace de Bretagne. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Jace was documented as the submitter's legal name. Edelweiss was able to document it as a grey period English feminine name.

Konáll víss. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Metze Braun. Name and device. Azure, a wolf sejant ululant and in chief a roundel all within a bordure argent.

Nice 15th century German name!

There is a step from period practice for the use of the ululant posture.

Titus Atrius Magnus. Name.

Appearing on the Letter of Intent as Titus Airius Magnus, a timely correction gave the correct form of the nomen as Atrius. We have made that change.

Virgil da Monte. Name change from Vachir Altan and device. Per fess gules and azure, a natural tiger courant argent marked sable and an escarbuncle argent.

Virgil was documented as the submitter's legal given name, but no proof of this fact was supplied to the Laurel office. Luckily, Virgil can be documented as a German grey period name (in Drosdowski Lexikon der Vornamen) or as a sixteenth century English name (from the IGI extracts).

His previous name, Vachir Altan, is retained as an alternate name.

There is a step from period practice for the use of a natural tiger.

MIDDLE

Red Spears, Barony of. Household name Sisterhood of the Red Spear and badge association. (Fieldless) On a boar spear head gules a rose Or.

Precedent says that Brotherhood as a designator cannot be registered with a substantive element derived from an inn-sign or other heraldic material. However, new evidence has made it clear that this precedent was wrongly decided. Brotherhood was not only used with religious groups; it was used with secular orders and tournament societies. Tournament societies were often named for charge (or for a combination of a color and a charge). Therefore, the designator Brotherhood is registerable with a substantive element like Red Spear. As we do not care to discriminate on the basis of gender, Sisterhood should follow the same pattern. Therefore, this item can be registered.

This would conflict with the name of the barony, but they are presumed to give themselves permission to conflict.

This submission (and association) was pended from the January 2011 Letter of Acceptances and Returns.

OUTLANDS

Alditha de la Tye. Name and device. Azure, a quatrefoil Or between four crescents conjoined in saltire at the points argent.

Nice 13th century English name!

Jakob Narr. Name and device. Lozengy gules and argent, a jester's bauble proper vested vert between in fess two hawk's bells Or.

Nice 16th century German name!

Jantien van Vranckenvoert. Name (see RETURNS for device).

This name mixes a German given name and a Dutch byname; this is a step from period practice.

TRIMARIS

Trimaris, Kingdom of. Reblazon of badge. Azure, on an Arabic lamp Or a fleam gules.

Blazoned when registered as Azure, on a lamp Or a fleam gules, we are clarifying the lamp type.

WEST

Adam de Ansedleh. Name and device. Per fess sable and gules, a tree blasted and in chief three mullets of eight points Or.

Submitted as Edom de Ansetl Leah, the name was changed at kingdom to Adam de Ansćtleh in order to match the documentation they could find. The submitter also requested authenticity for "10th to 12th century Scots-English." As Scots was not written down in this period, we take this as a request for an either Old English or early Middle English name.

Adam was documented as a masculine given name found in both Old English and Middle English contexts. Commenters were able to find evidence of Edom as a grey period (1606) given name, found both as a masculine and feminine name. It is therefore registerable. However, this will not meet his authenticity request.

The originally submitted locative element Ansetl Leah appears to be based on the etymological information, which gives hypothetical spellings. The dated Old English spelling is Ansćtleh, as cited in the Letter of Intent.

The byname de Ansćtleh is not registerable, as it is not grammatically correct. The preposition de is occasionally found in Latinized Old English, but it always requires a declined form, rather than the nominative Ansćtleh. Based on other places ending with this element, the byname would be de Ansćtlega.

Early Middle English spellings, suitable for his requested period, include Ansedlega 1180, Anselea 1174, and Hanslei 1086 (the middle one is from Watts s.n. Ansley, the others from Ekwall s.n. Ansley). Examples of other names that spell the second element -leh can be found in Middle English, including Alvaldeleh c. 1220 (Ekwall, s.n. Alvanley). Therefore, a spelling like Ansedleh is plausible for c. 1200.

As an early Middle English Adam de Ansedleh is closer to the submitted form than an Old English Adam de Ansćtlega, we have changed the name to the first form. We note that Edom de Ansedleh is registerable as well, though the temporal distance between the c. 1200 byname and the grey period given name means that such a name would have a step from period practice.

Ana Maria de Acosta. Name and device. Sable, a goblet and on a chief Or, three pomegranates slipped and leaved gules.

There are multiple examples of people with two given names in Spanish (Castillian) from the 15th century on; there are earlier examples in Catalan. Some examples are the 15th century Juan Alonso Pimentel y Enrríquez and Berardino Fadrique Enríquez as well as the 16th century Miguel Jerónimo Vivez, Pedro Luis Galcerón de Borja y Castro, Maria Josefa Pimentel, and Juliana Angela de Velasco y Aragón (all from Julio de Atienza's Nobiliario Espańol; elements are modernized).

Francesca Maria Lucretia Saracini. Name and device. Per bend sinister sable and gules, a crane contourny argent and three roses Or.

As multiple examples of people with three given names in 16th century Italy were presented in December 2008, the use of three given names in Italian was ruled at that time to not be a step from period practice.

Blazoned on the Letter of Intent as a heron, the charge lacks the long feathers atop the head which differentiate herons from cranes. We have, therefore, blazoned it as a crane.

Galen the Patient. Name and device. Azure, two chevronels couched from sinister argent.

Jonathan Chance. Device. Quarterly sable and gules, a cross and in canton a death's head argent.

Katherine of Danegeld Tor. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Argent, a bend sinister between two triquetras purpure.

Submitted under the name Katherine Robinson.

Kolbeinn Ţorgrímsson. Name.

A system of writing Old Norse names that includes thorn (Ţ) and edh (đ) but no vowel markings is reasonable, given examples found in period documents.

This is clear of conflict with the registered Kolbeinn Ţorfinnsson. The fathers' names are significantly different, as the second syllable of their names share no sounds in common. The patronymic bynames retain that difference; therefore, they are significantly different as well.

Lilla ćt Sceaphylle. Name and device. Argent, on a lozenge quarterly azure and vert, a rose argent.

This is not arms of pretense, by precedent:

These are not arms of pretense under our current rules; RfS XI.4 limits consideration of arms of pretense to a single escutcheon. Laurel has previously ruled:

[on a lozenge argent a fleur-de-lys gules] As per the rules change in the cover letter to the June 2001 LoAR, the fact that the charged shape is not an escutcheon means that this is not an inescutcheon of pretense. ... While this armory is evocative of the city of Florence, whose arms are Argent, a fleur-de-lys gules, it is acceptable. [Alethea of Shrewsbury, 08/01, A-Lochac]

In the same manner, while the design of the lozenge is evocative of the arms of Dorcas Dorcadas, Sable, a three-headed hound rampant, one head reguardant, argent, langued gules, it is acceptable. [John Greywolf, July 2006, A-Ansteorra]

Were the charged lozenge considered to be a display of armory, this would have been returned for conflict with the badge of the House of York, (Fieldless), A rose argent. Fortunately, we do not consider it such, and we can register this device.

Mikael auraprestr. Name change from Juan Miguel Esteban Alfredo de Valencia and device change. Per pale vert and argent, three towers counterchanged.

His previous name, Juan Miguel Esteban Alfredo de Valencia, is retained as an alternate name.

Nice device!

His previous device, Per fess Or and vert, a falcon's head erased to sinister sable and a triple-towered castle argent, is retained as a badge.

Vincenzo Saracini. Name and device. Per pale sable and vert, a duck naiant contourny and a bordure Or.

Nice 15th century Italian name!

Please instruct the submitter to use some internal detailing on the duck.

- Explicit littera accipiendorum -


THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN RETURNED FOR FURTHER WORK:

ĆTHELMEARC

Ađakan Snorrason. Device. Per saltire raguly vert and argent, in pale two boar's heads couped and in fess two bear's heads couped, counterchanged.

This device is returned for redraw due to the unidentifiability of the bear's heads. This is a violation of section VII.7.a of the Rules for Submissions, which requires that "Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance."

James Gallagher. Name.

This name conflicts with the registered Seamus O'Gallagher. The substantive part of the bynames is identical, and bynames of relationship confict when the object of the relationships is the same. The given names conflict by precedent: Seamus is a Gaelic rendering of a common period pronunciation of James, in which it has two syllables (so \JAY-mus\). Thus, the names are not signficantly different in sound.

In resubmission, the submitter should know that commenters could not find evidence that this form of the byname was found in period. The spelling Gallagher was not found nor was a version of the byname without the marker O. The period spelling that could be found was O Galleghure.

AN TIR

None.

ANSTEORRA

Matthäus von Wassenburg. Device. Lozengy Or and sable, on a fess argent three crosses bottony gules.

This device is returned for conflict with the device of Óláfr Ljótarson af Řy, Lozengy argent and azure, on a fess argent fimbriated sable a cross crosslet fitchy between two oak leaves azure. There is a CD for the field but no CD granted for the changes in type and color to the tertiaries, as the changes do not affect the entire charge group. RfS X.4.j.i says "Generally such changes must affect the whole group of charges to be considered visually significant, since the size of these elements and their visual impact are considerably diminished." RfS X.4.j.ii does not apply as the type of all of the tertiaries has not substantially changed, only 2/3rds of them.

It should be noted that this is not a conflict under the proposed new rules as they stand at the time of this writing.

ARTEMISIA

None.

ATENVELDT

Ariel Longshanks. Device. Argent, a natural dolphin haurient and a sea-lion respectant purpure.

This is returned for redraw; a natural dolphin has a dorsal fin, which is missing from this emblazon, greatly hampering the identifiability. This is a violation of section VII.7.a of the Rules for Submissions, which requires that "Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance."

Elinor L'Adorable. Name.

No evidence was presented and none could be found that L'Adorable is a plausible byname. The only period meaning that commenters could find for it was "worthy of worship" (in the literal sense, usually applied to the Virgin Mary). There is a single grey period (1647) citation of it referring to a poet's beloved, but that single poetic usage is not enough to demonstrate that L'Adorable could have been used in prose or other normal speech to refer to a normal person (which is necessary for it to be considered a plausible byname).

If the submitter is interested in the idea 'loveable,' she might consider the period term amable (also spelled aimable and amiable in period), which means "kind" as well as "loveable."

Her device has been registered under the holding name Erika of Tir Ysgithr.

Énán Mac Cormaicc. Device. Per pale argent and vert, the uppercase Greek letter phi sable between in chief a triskele and a tankard counterchanged.

We require letters, when used as charges, to be drawn in a medieval hand:

This badge must be returned for the use of non-period charges: the capital letters H and S are modern sans-serif letters, with lines of equal width. Medieval letters, both in calligraphy and in carving, had different widths for the different strokes; and while there are some examples of sans-serif letters from ancient times, the majority of medieval letters were serifed. The letters used here are obtrusively modern in style. [Garrick of Shadowdale, R-02-2008]

Similarly, Greek letters should be drawn in a style that matches period hands.

Hannah Elizabeth of York. Name.

Unfortunately, this name creates the appearance of a claim to be the child of Elizabeth of York, the queen of Henry VII of England. Their marriage united a Yorkist and a Lancastrian heir, bringing an end to the War of the Roses. Her mother, Elizabeth Woodville, queen of Edward IV, was ruled important enough to protect in March of 2009. Elizabeth of York is clearly even more important and thus must be protected.

We do not allow names to make the claim to be the child (or parent) of a protected person without permission to presume that relationship. We note that this has nothing to do with a claim the submitter intended to make, but only to do with a claim that might be perceived. We most frequently see this rule apply in a situation with a marked patronymic byname, like ap Henry Tudor. However, we also disallow presumption with names that can be understood as unmarked bynames of relationship as well. We would not register Arthur Henry Tudor, as it appears to be a claim to be the child of Henry Tudor. As unmarked matronymics (names that claim you as your mother's child) are common in English, including Elizabeth itself, this has to be understood as a potential claim to be the daughter of Elizabeth of York.

We would drop one of the last two elements in order to remove this problem, but that would be a major change, which the submitter does not allow. We also note that changing the order of the first two elements, to Elizabeth Hannah of York would solve the problem. But that too is a major change.

Iosif Volkov. Name and device. Per chevron argent and azure, two wolves combatant each maintaining an axe azure and a double-headed axe argent.

Unfortunately, this name conflicts with the registered Iosif Volchkov. The two given names are identical. The bynames only differ by the change to the central consonant cluster; this is not sufficient to bring the names clear of conflict.

The submitter indicated he was interested in a name for 1250-1350 Russia. The submitter may want to know that this is a lovely 16th century name, but we have no evidence for these elements that early.

As we do not grant a CD for difference between single-headed and double-headed axes, this device is returned for violating the "sword and dagger" rule, by using two similar but non-identical charges in the same design.

Loralei Fulderer. Device. Argent, a cock rising contourny gules.

This device conflicts with the device of Malcolm MacRuairidh of Blackoak, Argent, a raven striking to sinister gules. The bird conflict rules on the November 2003 Cover Letter require both birds to be in a period posture for that bird in order to gain a substantial difference between the two. As Malcolm's raven is not in a period posture, there is thus only one CD for the difference between a raven and a cock, not a substantial difference.

Mineko of Twin Moons. Device. Per pale argent and sable all mullety of four points, two serpents erect respectant tails entwined counterchanged.

This device is returned for a redraw, as commenters were unable to reliably identify the snakes.

Mononobe Tatsuni. Name.

Unfortunately, the documentation for the given name is incorrect. While -ni appears in names, it is only a part of an element -kuni. Therefore the name Tatsuni is not properly constructed. There are multiple solutions: the submitter might use the entire element, making Tatsukuni, or the submitter might use the feminine suffix -me, making Tatsume.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Amanda of Sankt Vladimir.

ATLANTIA

Cuno Groze. Device. Azure, a tricorporate bear and a chief enarched argent.

This was withdrawn by the submitter, as internal commentary pointed out that tricorporate creatures have their head guardant when possible, and this depiction was not guardant. The resubmitted drawing was rushed to Laurel on a new Letter of Intent and is accepted elsewhere on this letter.

CAID

None.

CALONTIR

Agnes von Heidelberg. Device. Per chevron throughout azure and argent, two garbs Or and a lamb dormant azure.

This device is returned because commenters were unable to identify the charge in base as a lamb or sheep. This is a violation of section VII.7.a of the Rules for Submissions, which requires that "Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance."

Additionally, the device is returned for violating section VIII.4.c of the Rules for Submissions, "Natural Depiction", which requires that charges be depicted in their heraldic forms and postures. The lamb is not in a recognizable heraldic posture, having all four limbs extending diagonally forward from the body. Animals in a 'dormant' posture have their limbs folded under them, not extending from the body.

Augustine Wormwood. Device. Per fess gules and per pale sable and Or, in chief a comet bendwise inverted Or.

This device is returned for conflict with the badge of Elena Glamorgan, Gules, a comet bendwise inverted Or. There is a CD for the changes to the field, but the move of the comet is forced: it cannot be in the center of the design due to the Or quarter in sinister base.

The device is clear of the device of Esmirelda Dancingstar, Purpure, a shooting star bendwise sinister Or. There is a CD for the changes to the field and a CD for the change of orientation of the comet.

The device is also not in conflict with the badges of Nicolaa de Bracton of Leicester, (Fieldless) A comet fesswise gules bearded Or, and Temair MacDiarmada, (Fieldless) A comet bendwise sable bearded Or. In each case, there is a CD for comparing fieldless and fielded armory, and a second CD for the change of orientation of the comet.

Owen le Bere ap Rhys. Badge. (Fieldless) A saltire azure fimbriated argent overall a bear's head cabossed argent orbed and langued gules.

This badge is returned for using an ordinary which is not couped in a fieldless design. Commenters asked if the badge could be considered as being couped in point and fimbriated. Were that the case, the fimbriation would still entirely surround the couped sections of the saltire. Additionally, no period evidence was presented for couping saltires with a pointed end, and if the submitter wishes to use this motif on resubmission, documentation that it is a period practice should be supplied.

The badge is also returned for violating our ban on so-called "barely overall" charges. The bear's head is nearly entirely on the saltire, but it projects past the edge in four places. Our ban on barely overall charges was originally stated:

I confirmed with Mr. Brooke-Little at the Symposium the answer to a question that often arises ... consider the arms Argent, a lozenge gules ... if I instead have the lion surmount the lozenge, then the lion must be a color or a fur, but cannot be a metal or else it would not show against the field. Of course, the part of the lion on top of the lozenge would have poor contrast, and therefore it follows automatically that one draws the lion much bigger than the lozenge so that most of the lion's outline is on the field rather than on the lozenge. One should never have a charge just barely surmounting another charge, i.e., having only the very edge extend out into the field. [Cover Letter, June 1983]

Since the area which projects beyond the edge of the underlying charge is less than a majority of the outline, but is larger than the standards for artistic mistakes set on the December 2008 LoAR, this badge must be returned.

Owen le Bere ap Rys. Device. Gules, a bird-winged wyvern erect Or charged on the shoulder with a goutte de sang within a bordure ermine.

This device is returned for lack of identifiability. The goutte appeared, to nearly all commenters, to be a part of the field, not identifiable as a tertiary charge on the wyvern. This is a violation of Section VII.7.a of the Rules for Submissions, which requires that "Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance."

EAST

Black Rose, March of the. Badge for Shire March of Black Rose Archers. Argent, four arrows in saltire, heads outward, sable and four roses in cross sable barbed argent.

This badge is returned for conflict with the badge of Alan Fletcher, Argent, two arrows in chevron sable. There is a single CD for adding six co-primary charges. In understanding this conflict, commenters should remember that additional charges are added in their final form: we are not adding six arrows and then changing half of the charges to roses, we add two arrows and four roses to the existing group in a single step.

Lillian atte Valeye. Device. Or, in bend a fleur-de-lys inverted sable between a fleur-de-lys vert and a fleur-de-lys purpure, in chief three bells sable.

This device is returned for multiple reasons.

It is returned because it is not blazonable. As drawn, the fleurs-de-lys are of equal weight to the bells. This means that they are all in a single charge group, but there is no way to blazon the relative arrangement of the six charges and still give the impression of co-primary charges. Section VII.7.b of the Rules for Submissions requires that "Elements must be reconstructible in a recognizable form from a competent blazon." Since it is not possible to blazon the device, it must be returned.

The device is also returned for being two steps from period practice, formerly called 'weirdnesses'. One step was mentioned on the Letter of Intent:

Questions were raised regarding having...three roundels in three different tinctures. While were unable, in a quick look, to find an example of the same charge in three different tinctures, the Dictionary of British Armory, 2 shows the arms of Milo Fitzwalter of Glouster as Gules, two bends the upper Or and lower argent, making the use of the same change in three different tinctures only one weirdness [LoAR February 1998].

The other step from period practice is for inverting only one charge of a group of three charges: "Inverting one of three identical charges on a chief is poor practice." [Torgul Steingrimsson, R-03/1986] Since it has not been demonstrated to be period practice, inverting only part of a charge group (other than charges in annulo where the entire group is oriented radially) is a step from period practice.

Marquesa de Carvalhal. Name. Azure, in pale an owl, wings displayed, sustaining an open book proper, on a chief engrailed argent three laurel wreaths vert.

This name is presumptuous and cannot be registered. While it is a period given name, Marquesa is also the Spanish word meaning 'marchioness' (the feminine form of marquis). As such, it follows the same rules as Regina; it can only be registered in contexts that are not a claim to rank.

The Rules for Submissions Section VI.1 say:

Names documented to have been used in period may be used, even if they were derived from titles, provided there is no suggestion of territorial claim or explicit assertion of rank. For example, Regina the Laundress is acceptable but Regina of Germany is not.

As this title/name is followed by a locative element, it falls afoul of this rule and cannot be registered. Marquesa Perez, on the other hand, could be registered.

This device submission is returned for the use of a charge reserved to SCA groups in personal armory. While submitters and heralds in our Society have become accustomed to the 'two crossed boughs with an opening at the top' style of laurel wreath, that is not the only depiction of laurel wreaths in period. The submitted annulets of leaves is an equally valid, registerable variant of laurel wreaths and we must treat them as such.

LAUREL

None.

LOCHAC

Leonor de Alcocer. Device. Per pale gules and azure, a pine tree Or between in chief two lilies inverted and on a chief triangular argent a mullet azure.

This device is returned because commenters and those at the meeting were unable to identify the charges in chief. This is a violation of Section VII.7.a of the Rules for Submissions, which requires that "Elements must be identifiable solely from their appearance." Inverting charges has long been known to hinder identifiability; there is a complete ban in SCA heraldry on inverting animals not found in inverted postures in period heraldry for exactly this reason.

On resubmission, please inform the submitter that the charges on the field should be drawn unmistakably as either a single co-primary charge group, or as a primary charge with two secondary charges in chief. Commenters were divided on this issue, since the basemost charge of charges in a three-and-one arrangement was frequently drawn larger than the two in chief, since it fills more space.

MERIDIES

Bruce Duncan. Device. Gules, a bend argent between a boar sejant Or and an oil lamp argent flammant Or.

Documentation was not submitted, and none could be found, that the submitted oil lamp is a period artifact or heraldic charge. No lamp registered in the SCA has this appearance. Section VII.3 of the Rules for Submissions requires that "Artifacts that were known in the period and domain of the Society may be registered in armory, provided they are depicted in their period forms." Since the lamp has not been demonstrated to be a period form, it may not be registered.

Cera the Pottere. Device. Gules, a horse rampant enflamed and on a chief rayonny Or three clay pots gules.

This device is returned for a redraw. The line of division on the chief blurs the line between rayonny and indented. Rayonny should have a more pronounced curl to the tips. A well-drawn chief rayonny (which depicts rays of the sun) can be seen at http://oscar.sca.org/index.php?action=145&id=2363, in the submission of Corwin Silvertongue, and a well-drawn chief embowed rayonny can be seen at http://oscar.sca.org/index.php?action=145&id=3564 in the submission of Andreas Jäger von Holstein.

Please instruct the submitter that the flames in enflaming should be touching the charge they are enflaming, they should not be disjoint as in the submitted emblazon.

Jace de Bretagne. Device. Per chevron ermine and azure, a double bitted axe argent.

This device is returned for blurring the line between per chevron and a point pointed. It does not rise above the center of the field. Please see the discussion of chevrons and per chevron on the Cover Letter to the May 2011 LoAR.

Properly drawn as Per chevron, the device is a conflict with the badge of Deadra Colin Madoc, (Fieldless) An axe argent, hafted sable maintaining an entwined rose stalked and leaved argent, reblazoned elsewhere in this letter.

Konáll víss. Device. Gules, in pale two valknuts within a bordure Or.

Precedent says:

This device is returned because the primary charge is not actually a valknut, as defined for the Society's heraldic use. Precedent says:

For purposes of SCA heraldry, a valknut is three voided triangles interlaced. [Dearbháil inghean Léoid, January 2008, R-Outlands]

The submitted emblazon does not have three triangles voided and interlaced, it has a trefoil knot with triangular sides. Since it can not be blazoned as a period charge, it must be returned. [Bleuflattes, Shire of, R-12/2010]

The valknuts in this device have the same problem.

The use of a properly-drawn valknut would be a step from period practice.

MIDDLE

None.

OUTLANDS

Conall Óg mac Dabhídh. Alternate name Daiyama Chotaro Motohisa.

While Daiyama appears occasionally as a modern form, there is no evidence that it is a plausible period surname. The problem is that Dai- is a Chinese reading of the character while -yama is a Japanese reading of the character. We do not have evidence of such combinations in period. The completely Japanese Oyama is found as a period placename and is registerable. However, changing or dropping this element is a major change, which the submitter does not allow. Therefore the name must be returned.

Commenters questioned whether a relatively casual transcription like this is registerable, as it does not indicate differences between long and short vowels. We allow relatively casual transcriptions as long as they are used consistently through an entire name, as is the case here.

Jantien van Vranckenvoert. Device. Sable, an escallop within a bordure argent.

This device is returned for conflict with the device of Morwen ferch Owain ap Evan, Vert, a whelk within a bordure argent. Precedent says:

Batonvert has demonstrated, through multiple examples, that escallops and whelks were interchanegable in period armory. Therefore, unless future evidence to the contrary is presented, all shells will be considered to conflict with all other shells. [Theodosia Ouranos of Constantinople, May 2010, R-Meridies]

No such evidence has been presented, so we are upholding the precedent. There is a single CD between the devices, for changing the tincture of the field.

TRIMARIS

None.

WEST

Katherine Robinson. Name.

This name conflicts with the registered Katryna Robin. The Rules for Submissions say "Two bynames of relationship are significantly different if the natures of the relationships or the objects of the relationships are significantly different." There was some call for this name to be ruled clear, as Robinson in a woman's name cannot be understood literally to be a claim to the relationship "son."

We are not allowing this reading for one theoretical reason and one practical reason. From a theoretical perspective, both Robin and Robinson have the same nature of relationship whether they are seen as literal patronymic bynames or as bynames expressing a more distant lineal relationship of undetermined gender. Therefore, whether literal patronyms or inherited family names from a distant ancestor, the relationships are the same.

From a practical perspective, we are not going to put in place a policy that says that for a woman, these two bynames are clear of conflict, but for a man, the identical bynames are not. Such a policy would also require us to determine for each such name conflict if either given name could be used for the other gender.

We note that if the draft rules are put in place in their current proposed form, these two names would be clear of conflict under the new rules.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Katherine of Danegeld Tor.

- Explicit littera renuntiationum -


THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN PENDED UNTIL THE November 2011 LAUREL MEETING (OR AS NOTED):

ATENVELDT

Helena de Argentoune. Transfer of alternate name Helena Handbasket.

This transfer is pended until August 2011 because the acceptance for the transfer is on the Artemisian May letter.

This was item 23 on the Atenveldt letter of March 20, 2011.

CALONTIR

Isobail Kilgour. Name.

Appearing on the Letter of Intent as Isobail Kilgour, the name appeared on the form as Iosobail. This form appeared on an Academy of Saint Gabriel report, though more recent research says that Iosobal is more likely. This is pended to allow commenters to discuss the registerability of the submitted spelling. As Aryanhwy merch Catmael notes in commentary, the spelling in the Academy letter was documented from Arval Benicoeur's article "Some Scottish Gaelic Feminine Names," which was superceded by later research and has been removed.

If it is ruled unacceptable, some options are documented. In "Scottish Gaelic Given Names ," by Sharon Krossa, the spellings Iosbail and Iosobal are constructed. In the early 16th century, a name is written down from a Gaelic context but using Scots style spelling as Issobell. Scots spellings like Isobel (found in 1563 in Aryanhwy merch Catmael's "Index of Scots names found in Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue") are registerable as well.

Her device has been registered under the holding name Jennifer of Standing Stones.

This was item 8 on the Calontir letter of March 27, 2011.

OUTLANDS

Bloodstone Keep, Canton Of. Branch name change from Readstan, Canton of.

After the close of commentary, commenters were able to find a 1425 citation of le Kepe in Studies on Middle English local surnames by Mattias Teodor Löfvenberg (as well as along with Kepeland 1204 and Kepe mede 1530).

The element Bloodstone could be considered a compound placename, with the family name Blood affixed preceding the existing placename Stone, attested in a byname in 1275 in that spelling (Reaney and Wilson s.n. Stone) and in Mills as Stane in 1204 (s.n. Stone). Examples of that pattern include Abeleng 1086, Cocking Hatley 1576 and Waterbelcham 1297 (all in Juliana de Luna's "Compound Placenames in English").

There is evidence of placenames created by the combination of two placenames, such as Asshfeld Badewelle 1320, Barton Hartshorn c. 1450, Berton Bristoll 1220 and Morton Merehul 1336 (all from Ekwall, cited in Juliana de Luna's "Compound Placenames in English").

However, no evidence of compound placenames that combine more than two elements has been presented. This is pended so that commenters may look for such data. If it is not found, I'd appreciate feedback on whether the construction of a doubly compound placename, here Bloodstone (a family name preceding a placename) Kepe (a placename), should be allowed. If it is allowed, should it be a step from period practice?

We would also note that there is a 1086 Bladestone (Mills s.n. Blaston); if a version of that element or placename with o could be found in period, it might allow the registration of the name using that alternate justification.

This was item 5 on the Outlands letter of March 31, 2011.

WEST

Judith Greanwood. Badge. (Fieldless) Three estoiles conjoined at the points, one and two, argent.

This badge is pended so that the College of Arms can discuss whether or not we wish to continue to grant difference between mullets and estoiles. Please see the cover letter for more information.

If no difference is granted, this device will conflict with the augmentation of the kingdom of Meridies, (Fieldless) Three mullets one and two argent.

This was item 6 on the West letter of March 15, 2011.

- Explicit -


Created at 2011-09-01T01:28:26