THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN REGISTERED:

* ÆTHELMEARC acceptances (to returns)

* Anna Leigh. Badge. (Fieldless) On a rose sable barbed vert a wolf's head cabossed argent.

* Kumagaya Kentarou Masamoto. Device. Sable, six mitsutomoe three and three Or.

Please see this month's cover letter for a discussion on mitsutomoe.

There is a step from period practice for the use of mitsutomoe.

* Yamamoto Tokutarou Hikaru. Device change. Argent, a mitsutomoe within a well frame sable.

Please see this month's cover letter for a discussion about mitsutomoe.

In the March 2017 registration of the device of Sarah of Boston, it was ruled, "Well-frames have been registered recently with no note about being a step from period practice. As the charge can also be blazoned in Western terms, as four billets or laths fretted as in mascle, we are explicitly ruling that well-frames are not a step from period practice."

There is a step from period practice for the use of mitsutomoe.

The submitter's previous device, Argent, on a pellet a triskelion argent, all within and conjoined to a Japanese well-frame sable, is released.

(to Æthelmearc acceptances) (to Æthelmearc returns)


* AN TIR acceptances (to returns)

* Marured verch Gwilym. Name.

Originally submitted as Marured verch David ap Gwilim, this name was pended on the October 2018 Letter of Acceptances and Returns for discussion of whether the medieval Welsh poet Dafydd ap Gwilym is important enough to protect. If he is, then this name would need to be returned as a presumptuous claim to be his daughter under PN4A and PN4D of SENA. However, we do not need to rule on this issue at this time.

After being informed of the possibility of presumption, the submitter asked to have her name changed to Marured verch _ Gwilym. As i and y were used effectively interchangeably in Welsh records, the attested Gwilim supports the spelling Gwilym as well. As a result of this change, the name no longer makes a claim to be a daughter of Dafydd ap Gwilym. This change also creates no new issues of presumption or conflict.

As modified, this is a nice 13th century Welsh name!

(to An Tir acceptances) (to An Tir returns)


* ANSTEORRA acceptances (to returns)

* Gassion de Beaumarchais. Device. Per fess enarched rayonny sable and gules, two mullets of eight points argent and a phoenix within a bordure embattled Or.

* Godric Dalamar. Device. Per pale sable and gules, a lion queue-forchy Or within a bordure embattled Or semy-de-lys sable.

* Johann Wolfgang von Aue. Name and device. Per pale vert and sable, three closed lozenge brooches Or.

The spelling Aue was not supported by the documentation in the Letter of Intent, which showed that spelling only as the modern form of the period place name Aw. Fortunately, Ælfwynn Leoflæde dohtor was able to provide evidence from the Lexikon Bayerischer Ortsnamen showing that the spellings Awe, Aw, and Au all having been used for the same location. Based on this evidence, Aue is a plausible interpolated spelling and this name can be registered as submitted.

Submitted as Per pale vert and sable, three buckles Or, we have changed the blazon to reflect the nature of the depicted charges. The provided artwork is a near-perfect reproduction of the lozenge-shaped closed brooches piercing the field that appear in the arms of von Wallenrodt [Siebmacher 104].

* Mihai Takacs. Device. Or, a ram's head erased vert.

* Sofia Speranza. Device. Purpure, in chevron three suns argent eclipsed sable between two chevronels, all between three roses argent.

This submission is an appeal of the return of the device in July 2018, where the following ruling was made: "This device is returned for lack of documentation of the arrangement of the charge groups. SENA Appendix J requires that any design with three or more charge groups on the field must have a documentable arrangement of the charge groups. No evidence was presented and none could be found to support two ordinaries with separate sets of charges arranged within and without."

The submitter provided evidence, backed by finds from Emma Temperaunce, that showed examples in period of charges within two duplicate ordinaries, themselves surrounded by different charges. Based on this new evidence, the previous ruling is overturned. We direct Palimpsest to add this pattern to Appendix J.

(to Ansteorra acceptances) (to Ansteorra returns)


* ARTEMISIA acceptances (to returns) (to pends)

* Artemisia, Kingdom of. Reblazon of badge for Order of the Key Cross. (Fieldless) In pale a key cross conjoined to a key inverted sable.

Blazoned when registered in May 2003 as (Fieldless) In a pale a key cross conjoined to a key inverted sable, this should be In pale not In a pale.

* Joan de Covington. Name (see PENDS for device).

Nice English name from the 13th century onwards!

* Kat the Wench. Name.

The given name Kat was documented in the Letter of Intent from a christening record for Kat Grace Baylie found in the FamilySearch Historical Records. This record almost certainly uses Kat as an abbreviation for a form of Katherine, rather than as an independent given name. Fortunately, Kat is also found as a gray period English surname, which can be used as a given name, also via FamilySearch.

The byname the Wench is a reasonable lingua Societatis form of the attested Middle English byname le Wenche.

* Seraphina Rose. Device. Argent, a distaff bendwise azure, a bordure azure semy of roses argent.

* Sneferu sa Djedi mewetif Merit. Badge. (Fieldless) A bicorporate Chinese dragon rampant vert.

The submitter's previous badge, returned August 2018, noted that "A timely resubmission of this design addressing the reason for return with no further issues will be exempt from the restriction on Chinese dragons now in effect." As the submitter addressed the reasons for return in a timely fashion, the badge may be registered.

There is a step from period practice for the use of a Chinese dragon.

(to Artemisia acceptances) (to Artemisia returns) (to Artemisia pends)


* ATENVELDT acceptances (to returns)

* Aurora Faw. Name and device. Purpure, a unicorn's head couped, on a chief argent three hearts gules.

Submitted as Rummana Arora, we were unable to document Arora as a period name element. As this element was the most important to the submitter, she requested a change to the given name Aurora plus a Romany surname, if such a thing could be documented. As this request was made in sufficient time to allow us to conduct research and check for conflicts, we were able to grant it.

Aurora is a gray period English given name dated to 1640. [Aurora Swanhild, 10/2011 LoAR, A-Æthelmearc]. Faw was a period ethnic term for the Romany used in the north of England and Scotland. It appears as a surname in Black s.n. Faa dated to 1612, specifically referring to persons of Romany origin. With the submitter's permission, we have changed this name to Aurora Faw for registration.

* Batu Kharbuci. Name.

Submitted as Batu Kharhvaach, the submitted desired a byname meaning "archer" in Mongolian. The submitted byname, however, is not a period term. In commentary, ffride wlffsdotter supplied the period Mongol term qarbuci, which does mean archer. Ursula Palimpsest provided evidence from her article "Middle Mongol Grammar for SCA Names" (http://heraldry.sca.org/names/mongolgrammar.html) that q- and kh- are equally valid transliterations. Therefore, we have changed this name to Batu Kharbuci for registration.

* Maria Zahira di Santangelo. Name and device. Per pale vert and azure, a horse and a dragon combatant, on a point pointed argent a wooden wagon wheel proper.

Submitted as Maria Sahira di Sant'Angelo, we were unable to document Sahira as a name in a language compatible with Italian. Although the Letter of Intent argued that Sahira is found as a name in the Quran, in fact it is found only as a word in the Quran. Not all words are or can be names.

However, the submitter expressly permitted us to change Sahira to Zahira. Precedent on Zahira states:

Siren notes that "Ana Labarta, in La Onomástica de los Moriscos Valencianos, is at least willing to contemplate that Zahira (with the first 'a' long) was used as a given name by Moriscos in late period Valencia, but the form of the name is only written in Romance, making its identification unsure." [Zafira bint Zahira, 9/2008 LoAR, A-Atenveldt]

We will continue to give the benefit of the doubt that Zahira is a Valencian name. Maria is also found in Valencia, so we are combining only two language groups in this name -- Iberian (Catalan/Valencian) and Italian.

In addition, Sant'Angelo uses a scribal abbreviation, which we do not register. However, the surname Santangelo appears as a gray period Italian name in Illustris viri Jacobi Augusti Thuani (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6518088h/f233.image). We have made this change for registration.

As modified to Maria Zahira di Santangelo, this name combines two Iberian (Catalan) given names with an Italian byname, an acceptable lingual mix under Appendix C.

* Rayyan al-Rashid. Name and device. Sable, a simurgh close, issuant from base a demi-sun Or eclipsed sable.

In commentary, Ursula Palimpsest documented Rayy{a-}n as the name of an ordinary person found in the Akhb{a-}r majm{u-}`a, a history of al-Andalus between the eighth and tenth centuries. As Arabic names can be registered with or without macrons (as long as they are included or omitted consistently), the name can be registered exactly as submitted.

There is a step from period practice for the use of a simurgh.

(to Atenveldt acceptances) (to Atenveldt returns)


* ATLANTIA acceptances (to returns) (to pends)

* Arabella of the Moor. Name and device. Sable, a wolf's head couped between three hawk's bells, an orle argent.

* Bailey Storm. Name and device. Per bend sinister gules and sable, a sunburst inverted Or clouded and on a chief argent three crescents gules.

* Dýrfinna in Haga. Name.

* Elazar of Northumbria. Device. Azure, in cross four double-bitted axes conjoined at the hafts argent, a base embattled argent masoned sable.

* James Cooper. Name and device. Argent, a griffin contourny purpure transfixed by an arrow bendwise inverted proper flighted sable.

Nice 16th century English name!

* Jason de Breau. Name and device. Per pale vert and Or, a sword inverted and a halberd, in chief a balance all counterchanged.

This name combines an English given name with a French byname, an acceptable lingual mix under Appendix C.

* Jehannette de Paris. Device. Argent, in pale a clewe of yarn azure and a frog vert.

* Leyli Narekatsi. Device. Argent, a brown urchin proper within an annulus of lotus blossoms in profile purpure.

* Lileth of Glass Isle. Name.

Lileth is a variant spelling of the gray period English surname Lyleth. English surnames from the 16th and early 17th centuries can be used as given names.

Questions were raised in commentary about whether a name alluding to Lilith, a figure in Hebrew and Christian mythology, should be permitted. In August 1982, we rejected Lilith as a given name, stating "This conflicts with Lilith, alleged first wife of Adam, who was alleged to be a demon garbed in garments of fire.... The name Lilith may not be used, as it would never have been used in period." We hereby overturn that precedent.

Since 1982, we have learned a great deal more about period naming practices, particularly in England. We have learned that many of our original assumptions about period names were incorrect. Among other things, recent research has shown that the names of classical and pagan gods such as Juno, Minerva and Vulcan were used for ordinary people in the 16th century. For other examples, see "Names from Classical History and Mythology," by Alys Mackyntoich (KWHSS 2014) (http://heraldry.sca.org/kwhss/2014/Alys_Mackyntoich/Names_from_Classical_History_and_Mythology.pdf). We have also learned that people in 16th century England named their children after villainous and negative figures from the Bible, history, mythology and literature, including Nero, Judas, Cain, Jezebel and Vashti. Given all of this evidence, we cannot say with blithe certainty that a 16th century English parent would have balked at giving his daughter the surname Lyleth or Lileth as a given name simply because of its similarity to the name of the mythological figure. She could have sat next to little Medea Bardell (married in 1560 in Suffolk, named for a pagan sorceress and child-murderer) in church.

Glass Isle is a constructed English place name based on the pattern of surnames combined with generic toponyms; it refers to an island named by a family with the surname Glass.

* Lucina of Southampton. Name.

Submitted as Lucinda of Southampton, the given name was documented as a literary name from an English play by Thomas Dilke. Unfortunately, that play was first published and performed in 1607. By precedent, literary names that were first coined after 1600 cannot be registered. [Miranda de Logan, 1/2016 LoAR, A-Calontir]. We were unable to find any other evidence of Lucinda prior to Dilke's 1607 play. Absent such evidence, this name cannot be registered.

We did, however, find Lucina as a Latinized saint's name in a French context in Agones martyrum mensis januarii , libro primo contenti, published in 1519 (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k109338n/f99.image.r=Lucinda?rk=193134;0). Latinized French names are considered French, and can be combined with an English surname under Appendix C. With the submitter's permission, we have changed the name to Lucina of Southampton for registration.

* Marmaduke Clifford. Name.

Nice 16th century English name!

* Molda ókristna Starradóttir. Badge. (Fieldless) A yarn quill argent threaded Or.

* Morcant Le Du. Name and device. Per bend argent and sable, a rhinoceros and a ship sailing to sinister counterchanged.

Based on the Letter of Intent, this name was intended to be Welsh. However, Le Du is a modern form not found in period Welsh. Fortunately, Morcant is also a late 16th century English surname, which can be used as a given name by precedent. Le Du is found in the FamilySearch Historical Records as a gray period Dutch surname. As English and Dutch can be combined, this name can be registered as submitted.

If the submitter desires a period Welsh name, the appropriate forms would be Morcant Duy or Morcant Du. Should he desire either of these options, he may make a request for reconsideration.

Artist's note: Please draw the charges larger to fill the available space, providing internal details for the rhinoceros to aid in identifiability.

* Paul the Woodcutter. Name and device. Per fess vert and gules, in saltire an oak branch and a carpenter's axe Or.

Submitted as Paul the Wood-Cutter, the byname was proposed as the lingua Societatis form of the attested Middle English bynames le Wodehwere or le Wodehyewere. However, the standard modern American dictionary form of the word is Woodcutter, without a hyphen. Accordingly, we have changed the name to Paul the Woodcutter for registration.

* Rhys ap Hywel ap Arthur. Name.

Submitted as Rhys ap Hywel _, the name effectively claims to be the father of the registered Siwan ferch Rhys ap Hywel. This relationship conflict is prohibited by PN3D. To clear the relationship conflict, the submitter requested the addition of the second byname ap Arthur. As this change did not create any new relationship conflicts or identity conflicts, we have changed the name to Rhys ap Hywel ap Arthur for registration.

As modified, this is a nice Welsh name from the mid-14th century onwards!

* Rose Alington. Name.

Nice 16th century English name!

* Stierbach, Barony of. Order name Award of the Bull and Arrow and badge. Per bend argent and gules, a bull salient and an arrow inverted within a bordure embattled counterchanged.

* Stierbach, Barony of. Order name Award of the Bull and Axe and badge. Per bend argent and gules, a bull salient and an axe within a bordure embattled counterchanged.

Artist's note: Please draw the axe head larger and the haft thicker to aid in identifiability.

* Stierbach, Barony of. Order name Award of the Bull and Bridle.

* Stierbach, Barony of. Order name Award of the Bull and Candle and badge. Per bend argent and gules, a bull salient and a lit candle within a bordure embattled counterchanged.

* Stierbach, Barony of. Order name Award of the Bull and Sword and badge. Per bend argent and gules, a bull salient and a sword within a bordure embattled counterchanged.

Artist's note: Please draw the sword thicker with larger quillions to aid in identifiability.

* Willem van Antwerpen. Name.

Nice 16th century Dutch name!

* Zarra de la Vega. Device. Sable, a chevron and in chief a fox courant argent.

(to Atlantia acceptances) (to Atlantia returns) (to Atlantia pends)


* AVACAL acceptances (to returns)

* Avacal, Kingdom of. Badge for Order of the Harp of Avacal. Quarterly argent and Or, on a lozenge gules a harp argent, a bordure gules.

(to Avacal acceptances) (to Avacal returns)


* CAID acceptances (to returns)

* Adelwyn Atewattere. Badge. (Fieldless) An acorn proper transfixed by an arrow bendwise sinister inverted vert.

* Agnes Thorne. Name.

Nice English name from the 14th century onwards!

* Anabel de Marseille. Device. Argent, a zydrach urinant sable and on a chief invected purpure three hearts argent.

* Aurelius Optimus. Name.

The cognomen Optimus is found in Kajanto, The Latin Cognomina, which shows it either in the submitted spelling or in the dialect form Optumus.

* Bárekr Eldjárnsson. Name.

* Eridana Ambra Dragotta. Heraldic title Gold Starre Herald.

This heraldic title was pended on the October 2018 Letter of Acceptances and Returns for discussion of whether it presumes on Vietnam's Order of the Gold Star (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_Star_Order_(Vietnam)). Commenters were also asked to consider the usage of the term "gold star families" and a gold star emblem by families of U.S. military personnel killed during service. Based on the fairly extensive commentary, we conclude that none of the modern world usages of "Gold Star" fit the criteria for protection from presumption. Thus, this heraldic title is not presumptuous and can be registered.

To be protected from presumption, NPN4D1 requires a name to be "the name of a single unique place or entity." In this case, the phrase "gold star" has such a huge range of uses that no single definition or usage dominates our thinking. Commenters identified the phrase "gold star" as referring not only to U.S. military families, but also various businesses using that name, school awards, American Western movies, and recognitions given on report cards. We found the number of commenters associated with the U.S. military who were not familiar with the phrases "Gold Star Mothers" or "Gold Star Families" to be particularly persuasive. In addition, no one had heard of Vietnam's Order/Medal of the Gold Star prior to the pend. As there is no single unique association with the phrase "gold star," that phrase cannot be protected from presumption.

* Eudokia Argyrina. Device. Per bend sinister sable and azure, a feather and a flame argent.

* Gamyl of Mottrum. Name change from Gamel of Mottrum.

Nice 13th century English name!

The submitter's previous name, Gamel of Mottrum, is released.

* Lorenzo Salvetti. Device. Per pale gules and argent, two wolves combatant, in chief three sets each of a sword inverted and a feather in saltire counterchanged.

* Marco Giulio di Lupo. Name change from Bj{o,}rn gylðir.

Nice Italian name for 15th-16th century Pisa!

The submitter's previous name, Bjorn gylðir, is retained as an alternate name.

* Miroslav Evgenii Barskii. Name (see RETURNS for device).

* Moire Havens. Name.

* Shao the Archer. Name and device. Per bend argent and sable, a reremouse counterchanged.

Originally submitted as Shao the Archer, the name was changed at Kingdom to Shao of Wintermist, using an SCA branch name, because Kingdom was unable to document the Archer in Chinese.

Fortunately, heralds at the Pelican decision meeting pointed out that medieval China had extensive cultural contact (putting it mildly) with the Mongols. Based on this contact, it is reasonable to allow Chinese elements and Mongol elements to be used in the same name. For more details on this ruling, see the Cover Letter.

There is a Mongol byname, Qarbuci, that means "the Archer." Shao the Archer, therefore, is a registerable combination of a Chinese given name with the lingua Societatis form of a Mongol byname. With the submitter's enthusiastic permission we have made this change for registration.

(to Caid acceptances) (to Caid returns)


* CALONTIR acceptances (to returns) (to pends)

* Antonia Stefani. Device change. Or, a thistle proper and on a chief vert three bees Or.

The submitter's previous device, Per pale Or and vert, in fess a sprig of three cherries, slipped and leaved proper, and a bee Or marked sable, a chief checky sable and argent, is released.

* Arinbj{o,}rn inn rauði. Name.

Nice 9th-10th century Icelandic name!

* Caoimhin McKee. Badge. Azure, a fess between a tree and an eye Or irised azure, a bordure argent.

Artist's note: Please draw the foliage of the tree either solid, or with more randomized spacing in the branches. Commenters at the decision meeting wondered whether the two triangular piercings were separate charges that needed to be blazoned.

* Decimus Aemilius Scipio. Name.

Nice Roman name for the 3rd century B.C.E. through the 2nd century C.E.!

* Emerick Jones. Badge for Company of Scarlet. Sable, a shakefork gules fimbriated between the letters O, C, and S argent.

The submitter has received permission for his badge to conflict with the badge of Richard Wymarc, Sable, a shakefork gules fimbriated argent.

* Fabia Narcissa Patricia. Badge. Azure, three hand mirrors in pall inverted their handles conjoined argent between the letters F, N, and P Or.

* Gabriel Blackstone. Name and device. Per chevron sable and gules, in chief a dragon and a lion combattant Or.

Nice 16th century English name!

* Gwenwever Weasley. Name and device. Or, a fox sejant gules tail marked argent and on a chief azure an open scroll fesswise Or.

* Heinrich von Hohenheim. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Nice German name from the 14th century onwards!

* Jorunna Refsdottir. Name.

* Kateline l'archiere de Lyons. Name (see PENDS for device).

Although Kateline was documented as English on the Letter of Intent, it also appears in the 1292 Census of Paris, making this a nice late 13th century French name!

* Ki no Kotori. Alternate name Kári Gilsson.

Nice 9th-10th century Icelandic name!

* Ki no Kotori. Alternate name change from Tacye Holyfield to Ægileif in kyrra.

Nice 9th-10th century Icelandic name!

The submitter's previous alternate name, Tacye Holyfield, is released.

* Máire ingen Fheirgil. Name.

Submitted as Máire ingen Feirgil, standard Gaelic grammar requires the letter F- to lenite after ingen. Departure from standard Gaelic grammar is permitted, but the necessary number of period examples without lenition required by the July 2017 Cover Letter were not provided. Therefore, standard grammar applies and we have changed the name to Máire ingen Fheirgil for registration.

* Markolf Volkhart von Thüringen. Name.

After the close of commentary, Jeanne Marie Noir Licorne found evidence of the place name Thüringen spelled with the u-umlaut in the 16th and early 17th centuries.

* Moire inghean Néill. Device change. Per bend sinister argent and azure, a mullet of eight points counterchanged and on a chief azure a needle embowed argent.

The submitter's previous device, Azure, a phoenix and on a chief Or three mullets of eight points azure, is retained as a badge.

* Otto of Foxhall. Name change from Otto Augustin von Württemberg.

The submitter's previous name, Otto Augustin von Württemberg, is retained as an alternate name.

* Pádraig Ó hEisleanáin. Name and device. Argent, a pall azure cotised vert.

Nice device!

* Salma bint Maryam al-S{u-}'. Name and device. Vert, two chevronels argent between three owls Or.

(to Calontir acceptances) (to Calontir returns) (to Calontir pends)


* DRACHENWALD acceptances (to returns)

* Euphrosyne Eirenikina. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Although Euphrosyne was one of the three Graces of classical mythology and a daughter of Zeus, this name was also used by ordinary Greek women. Alisoun Metron Ariston found over one hundred instances of this name used by ordinary women in the Lexicon of Greek Personal Names.

* Galen Morales. Name and device. Vert, in saltire two swords argent, issuant from base a flame Or.

* Gele Pechplumin. Name and device. Ermine, three bells within a bordure purpure.

Nice 15th century German name!

* Þorfin Svarth{o,}fði. Name and device. Argent, a square weaver's tablet lozengewise, on a chief sable a scimitar reversed argent.

Submitted as Thorfin hinn Svarthöfði, three corrections were necessary to register this name. First, the umlaut in the byname is incorrect. An o with an umlaut is an older typographical convention for rendering an o-ogonek ({o,}). We register the o-ogonek in Old Norse names rather than the o-umlaut. Second, Svarth{o,}fði is a noun and thus does not require the article hinn or inn before it. Finally, when the character edh (ð) is used in an Old Norse name, the character thorn (þ) must also be used to maintain consistency in transliteration. With the submitter's permission, we have changed the name to Þorfin _ Svarth{o,}fði for registration.

(to Drachenwald acceptances) (to Drachenwald returns)


* EALDORMERE acceptances (to returns)

* Kerstiken Janz. Device. Per chevron Or and argent, two tulips gules slipped and leaved vert and a butterfly azure.

* Willmar Grimsdyke. Device change. Azure, two bars gemel Or.

The submitter's previous device, Gules, a triskelion of arms proper vested Or within and grasping an annulet argent, is retained as a badge.

Nice device!

(to Ealdormere acceptances) (to Ealdormere returns)


* EAST acceptances (to returns)

* Admiranda Gower. Name change from Iulia Alba and device change. Azure, a gower sejant erect contourny argent, on a chief Or an arrow sable.

Submitted as Miranda Gower, we were unable to find documentation for Miranda as a given name in a language compatible with English. The French citation in the Letter of Intent, unfortunately, was not for a given name but refers to a Spanish place name. Although documentation exists for Miranda as a Spanish given name, Spanish and English cannot be combined under Appendix C of SENA.

With the submitter's permission, we have changed the name to Admiranda Gower, an entirely English name.

The submitter's previous name, Iulia Alba, is retained as an alternate name.

Nice cant! According to Bruce Batonvert, "In case anyone's confused by the blazon, gower is in fact a period blazon alternative for the greyhound -- as found in the canting arms of Gower, c.1460."

The submitter's previous device, Or, on a sun gules three mullets one and two Or, is retained as a badge.

* Aloysius Sartore. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Nice 14th century Venetian name!

* al-Y{a-}sam{i-}n al-Sard{a-}niyya. Name and device. Per bend sinister gules and sable, on a sun Or an anchor sable.

* Arnaut Dupont. Name and device. Gules, in pale three bridges of two spans argent.

Nice cant!

* Aurelia Teodosia del Sete. Name.

The documentation in the Letter of Intent did not support the submitted spelling of Teodosia for the second given name. The cited article instead showed Teodesia. Fortunately, in commentary, Maridonna Benvenuti supplied documentation for Teodosia, allowing the name to be registered as submitted.

* Bella Tessitore. Name and device. Per pale gules and sable, two rams rampant addorsed argent.

Nice Italian name from Pisa in the 15th and 16th centuries!

* Bianca di Alessandro. Device change. Per bend argent and azure, a bend Or between a rose and a goblet counterchanged.

The submitter's previous device, Azure, a chalice and on a chief engrailed argent three roses azure barbed and seeded proper, is retained as a badge.

* Bjargey Geirr Hrafnsdottir. Name and device. Per chevron argent and gules, a feather and in chief two spears in chevron sable.

Submitted as Bjargey Geirkona Hrafnsdottir, the submitter desires a name meaning "spearwoman." However, the constructed byname Geirkona does not have that meaning; it appears to be a misspelling of Geirskona, meaning "wife of a man named Geirr."

The Old Norse word Geirr means "spear." A woman named Bjargey Geirr would be understood as a woman who uses or is associated with a spear. Accordingly, with the submitter's permission, we have changed the name to Bjargey Geirr Hrafnsdottir to best reflect the desired meaning.

* Brit Taillyell. Name change from Mary of the Stuwes.

The submitter's previous name, Mary of the Stuwes, is released.

* Cáirthenn Ruadh. Name and device. Per pale sable and argent, a chevron between two trefoils and a crescent counterchanged.

This name can be registered as a combination of pre-1200 and post-1200 Irish Gaelic orthography, as the elements are attested within 500 years of each other. For an internally consistent name, Cáirthenn Ruad_ is an entirely pre-1200 (Middle Irish) spelling. If the submitter prefers this form, they may make a request for reconsideration.

* Catalina Beatriz de las Torres. Name and device. Vert, on a fess argent a brown bear statant proper, a chief raguly argent.

Submitted as Catalina Beatriz de la Torres, the locative byname is not correctly constructed because Torres is a feminine plural noun. Therefore, the correct construction is de las Torres. With the submitter's permission, we have made this change for registration.

As modified, nice Spanish name from the 15th century onwards!

* Cillene O Caollaidhe. Device. Per pale purpure and argent, a butterfly counterchanged, on a chief Or five trefoils vert.

* Elizabeth Ivette. Name change from Elizabeth of Rivenstar and badge. Or, a weaver's shuttle bendwise, in base two clews of yarn azure.

The submitter requested authenticity for 14th century English. This name is authentic for 13th century England through the very beginning of the 14th century.

The submitter's previous name, Elizabeth of Rivenstar, is released.

* Hedewigis Ockenfüßin. Badge. (Fieldless) On a decrescent argent an owl sable.

* Hof-Úlfr hórr. Name.

Submitted as Úlfr hofhórr, the byname was not correctly constructed. Hof- is a prepended byname, which means it is properly placed before the given name. In addition, no evidence was found of compound descriptive bynames using either the elements Hof- or hórr. With the submitter's permission, we have changed the name to Hof-Úlfr hórr, using the attested Old Norse pattern of two descriptive bynames where one is a prepended byname appearing before the given name.

The submitter requested authenticity for meaning ("Temple Whore") and Norse culture. This request was not summarized on the Letter of Intent. Fortunately, Seraphina Ragged Staff identified the authenticity request during commentary, allowing sufficient time for research. This name is not authentic for the submitter's requested meaning and cannot be made authentic for it as we could not find any evidence of the concept of a "temple whore" or "sacred prostitute" in Norse culture.

The name as requested by the submitter does not mean "temple whore." The byname Hof- refers to an enclosed space for public functions, such as a temple or a court. The byname hórr means "adulterer." Accordingly, this name means something like "Úlfr, the adulterer, who is associated with a temple or king's court."

* Mægwynn filia Brun. Name.

* Mairi Crawford. Name and device. Azure, in pale three clouds Or.

This name combines a Gaelic given name with an English or Scots byname, an acceptable lingual mix under Appendix C.

Nice device!

* Margery Winthrop. Name and device. Azure, on an open book proper a domestic cat sejant azure.

Nice 16th century English name!

* Matteo Genovese. Household name House of Sharp Edge (see RETURNS for badge).

Submitted as House _ Sharp Edge, this name was not correctly constructed. Sharp Edge is a compound English place name, referring to the crest of a hill or ridge owned by a family with the surname Sharp, using a pattern attested in "Compound Placenames in English" by Juliana de Luna (http://medievalscotland.org/jes/EnglishCompoundPlacenames/). However, the pattern House X is not found in English; this construction was ruled unregisterable in December 2007, [Sythe Blackwolfe, R-Calontir], and we have yet to see any new evidence that might support a change to precedent.

With the submitter's permission, we have changed the name to House of Sharp Edge, using an attested pattern for household names based on English or Scots place names. [Edward Grey of Lochleven. Household name House of Lochleven, 7/2009 LoAR, A-East]

* Micha{l/} Bia{l/}y. Name and device. Gules, a Latin cross bottony Or winged, a chief embattled argent.

Nice 16th century Polish name!

* Muirgel Bera. Name.

This name combines a Gaelic given name with an Old English byname, an acceptable lingual mix under Appendix C.

* Oscar Goerijs Goriszoon. Name change from Goerijs Goriszoon.

The elements Goerijis and Goriszoon are already registered to the submitter and thus are treated as neutral in time and language under the Existing Registration Clause, PN1B2g, and can be combined with the late period English given name Oscar.

The submitter's previous name, Goerijs Goriszoon, is retained as an alternate name.

* Oskar of the Wood. Household name Company of Crescent Keep and badge association. Gules, a decrescent Or within a bordure ermine.

Questions were raised in commentary about whether Crescent was a plausible surname given that it appears in England as a given name considerably after the era when literal patronymics were common. Fortunately, after the close of commentary, Jeanne Marie Noir Licorne found Crescent as a surname in a collection of London marriage licenses from 1562-63. Crescent Keep, therefore, is a plausible constructed 16th century English place name and this household name follows the attested English pattern naming groups of people after places.

* Sveinn Ívarsson. Name.

Nice 9th-10th century Icelandic name!

* Tashiro Kojirou Kageharu. Device. Per bend argent and sable, a mitsutomoe sable.

Please see this month's cover letter for a discussion on mitsutomoe.

There is a step from period practice for the use of mitsutomoe.

* Volmar Sollons. Device. Azure, in pale three domestic sea-cats naiant guardant between flaunches Or.

* Xavier de Paulo. Name and device. Azure semy of estoiles, on a cross formy Or a cross couped azure.

(to East acceptances) (to East returns)


* GLEANN ABHANN acceptances (to returns)

* Ásælfr Sjóna. Name.

* Avelina Faukes. Device. Argent, a hummingbird hovering vert, on a chief azure three mullets of eight points Or.

There is a step from period practice for the use of a New World hummingbird.

* Brutus of Wyrmgeist. Name and device. Per pale argent and purpure, on a chevron between three jester's caps three hammers palewise counterchanged.

Wyrmgeist is the registered name of an SCA branch.

Artist's note: Please draw the lower cap larger to fill the available space.

* Dionis Ammory. Name and device. Azure, on a bend sable fimbriated between two swallows volant three musical notes palewise argent.

* Dionis Ammory. Badge. (Fieldless) A swallow volant azure maintaining in its beak a musical note sable.

* Elionor de Lomont. Name and device. Azure, on a bend between two lilies of the valley slipped and leaved argent a martlet palewise azure.

Submitted as Eleanor de Lomont, the submitter requested a 12th century Occitan French name, if possible. We were unable to find the spelling Eleanor in Occitan French for that era. However, the submitter expressed her willingness to change her given name to Elionor, an attested 13th century Occitan name. We have made this change at the submitter's request.

The submitter may be interested to know that Eleanor of Aquitaine's name was recorded in Latin in an 1140 letter as Helienordis; thus, Helienordis de Lomont is an authentic 12th century Latinized Occitan name. If the submitter prefers this form, she may make a request for reconsideration.

* Gleann Abhann, Kingdom of. Order name Order of the Argent Branch.

* Gleann Abhann, Kingdom of. Order name Order of the Gules Quill Pen.

A "quill pen" is the default pen in Society heraldry and is one of the acceptable blazon terms for that charge. [Danniell de Hartfield, 3/2017 LoAR, A-Caid] By precedent, "blazonry terms used in the SCA for charges used in period armory and for charges compatible with period practice (that is, those charges that are not considered a step from period practice) will be allowed in order names and heraldic titles." [Aquaterra, Barony of. Order name Order of the Blue Kraken, 7/2011 LoAR, A-An Tir]

* Gleann Abhann, Kingdom of. Order name Order of Rams Pillar and badge. Per pale gules and sable, a column and in chief a ram's head cabossed argent.

Submitted as Order of the Pillar of the Ram, this order name does not follow any attested period pattern for naming orders. Although both pillars and rams are heraldic charges, we have no evidence for a pattern similar to Order of heraldic charge of the heraldic charge. The closest period pattern would be Order of heraldic charge of place. Yet, even this pattern does not fit because we could not document the Ram as a place name.

Several suggestions for registerable options were provided to the Kingdom. At the Kingdom's request, we have changed the name to Order of Rams Pillar, using the pattern of naming orders after a saint or patron plus an object of veneration (usually a heraldic charge). Ram is a 16th century English surname found in the FamilySearch Historical Records, which can be used as a given name by precedent. The spelling pillar is found in Middle English Dictionary dated to 1434.

* Gleann Abhann, Kingdom of. Badge (see RETURNS for order name). Per pale dovetailed gules and sable, an artist's paintbrush and a drop spindle argent.

* Gleann Abhann, Kingdom of. Badge (see RETURNS for order name). (Fieldless) In saltire an ax and arrow within and conjoined to a mascle sable.

* Gleann Abhann, Kingdom of. Guild name Page School of Gleann Abhann and badge (see RETURNS for other order names). Argent, a castle and two rams combatant one and two sable, a bordure gules.

This guild name follows the English pattern of naming schools and colleges based on the surnames of patrons or founders found in "Names of English Colleges" by Mari ingen Brian meic Donnchada and Juliana de Luna (http://medievalscotland.org/kmo/Colleges/Colleges.shtml). Page is an English surname found in "Surnames in Durham and Northumberland, 1521-1615" by Julie Kahan (https://www.s-gabriel.org/names/juetta/parish/surnames_pq.html). In this name, School is the designator; this spelling is the lingua Societatis form of the Middle English scole.

Questions were raised about whether this name is too generic to be registered. GP2A of SENA states:

Some items are considered too generic to be registered. This means that they may be used by anyone and may not be reserved to one person or group by registration. One such category is generic identifiers such as Brewer's Guild and Queen's Guard. These names may be used by any branch to identify the owner or association of a badge, but no group may register them.

However, NPN3C of SENA states, "The Order of the Whistle does not conflict with the Order of the Whistle of Drachenwald, because the substantive elements being compared are Whistle and Whistle of Drachenwald. With the addition of the phrase of Gleann Abhann, this guild name does not monopolize the name Page School. Therefore, the concerns about genericness are already addressed by the name itself.

Treating this name as specific enough to register (i.e., not generic) tracks recent precedents. On the August 2016 Letter of Acceptances and Returns, we ruled:

"Worshipful Company of X is not generic as long as a branch name is also included and have added of Dragonship Haven in order to register this guild name. This ruling does not mean that generic identifiers in general can be made registerable in this manner." [Dragonship Haven, Barony of. Guild name Worshipful Company of Artificers of Dragonship Haven, 8/2016 LoAR, A-East] This precedent was in line with prior rulings, such as the registration of the Company of Artificers of Marinus, which stated: "Submitted as Company of Artificers, we have with the consent of the submissions herald, added the phrase "of Marinus" to make it less generic. [Marinus, Barony of, September 1996, p. 3]

Even more recently, on the November 2017 Letter of Acceptances and Return, we ruled that "guild names and order names that have the appearance of professions, such as Scholar or Artificer, may add a branch name to avoid the ban on generic names." [An Tir, Kingdom of. Order name Order of Scholar of An Tir, 11/2017 LoAR, A-An Tir].

Therefore, we conclude that this name, in which the pattern surname + School yields a result that looks like a school for a profession, is not generic because the branch name is included. Other generic identifiers remain unregisterable.

Artist's note: Please provide internal details for the castle and rams to aid in identification.

* Hima Gellisson. Device. Per pale gules and Or, two lions combattant counterchanged, on a chief invected azure a lion's head cabossed argent.

* Ingrede the Wanderer. Device. Vert, on a lozenge ployé throughout between in chief two fish haurient embowed addorsed Or a brown bear rampant proper.

* Zaneta moglie di Nicolo Marcello. Device. Per pale sable and azure, a spider between flaunches argent.

(to Gleann Abhann acceptances) (to Gleann Abhann returns)


* LOCHAC acceptances (to returns) (to pends)

* Aljohar bat David. Device. Vert, a chevron inverted ployé Or between a spinning wheel argent and two step-cut gemstones Or.

Artist's note: Please draw the gemstones larger to fill the available space.

* Annabel de Swinburne. Name.

* Dominika Borishkovaia. Name and device. Purpure, a double-headed eagle and on a chief argent a crescent between two mullets purpure.

We greatly appreciate the assistance of ffride wlffsdotter in documenting the precise spelling of the byname requested by the submitter.

Artist's note: Please draw the eagle larger to fill the available space.

* Helena de Sartria. Name.

Nice early 14th century English name!

* Helouys le Poer. Name.

The submitter requested authenticity for 13th-14th century Anglo-Norman culture. This request was not summarized on the Letter of Intent. Fortunately, Seraphina Ragged Staff identified the authenticity request during commentary, allowing sufficient time for research.

Helouys is a late 13th century French given name. The byname le Poer is found in late 13th century English. The root for le Poer might be Old French, but scholars disagree on its derivation. Even as late as the 13th century, there was still a great deal of intermingling between the French and English name pools. Thus, this name might be appropriate for a late 13th century English or Norman woman but we cannot say with certainty.

This name combines a French given name with an English byname, an acceptable lingual mix under Appendix C.

* Lochac, Kingdom of. Badge for Lochac Fibre Guild (see PENDS for other badge). Argent, on a fess cotised gules a Wake knot argent.

Lochac Fibre Guild is a generic designator.

* Mær{w}ynn of Legeceasterscire. Name change from Elswyth Goodfellow.

For discussion of the special character wynn ({w}), see the August 2018 Cover Letter.

Nice 10th century Old English name!

The submitter's previous name, Elswyth Goodfellow, is released.

* Marguerite Chasse. Name and device. Gules, on a bend argent four roses gules.

Submitted as Marguerite La Chasse, we found no evidence to support the requested construction. Chasse is the French word for "hunt." A huntress would be la Chasseuse, not la Chasse.

Chasse is also an early 14th century English surname, which can be combined with the French Marguerite. With the submitter's permission, we have changed the name to Marguerite _ Chasse for registration.

This name combines a French given name with an English surname, an acceptable lingual mix under Appendix C.

Nice device!

* Raffe De Massard. Device. Per fess embattled gules and sable, three fleurs-de-lis and a bee Or.

* Skæringr Arta. Name and device. Gules, on a pale endorsed argent a rose gules slipped and leaved Or.

Arta is an Old Norse term for a type of duck. Its use as a descriptive byname follows the pattern of other Old Norse descriptive bynames based on birds, including sp{o,}rr (sparrow), {o,}rn (eagle) and Hrafna- (raven).

As the presence of a slip on a rose counts for no difference, this slip's poor contrast with the pale is not a reason for return.

Use of a garden rose is a step from period practice.

* Skjaldadís Bragadóttir. Name.

Submitted as Skjalddís Bragadóttir, the given name was not correctly constructed. When used as a prepended descriptive byname, the correct form of skj{o,}ldr is Skjalda-. Therefore, this name is properly rendered as Skjalda-Dís Bragadóttir or Skjaldadís Bragadóttir. As the submitter allows all changes, we changed the name to the form without the hyphen.

Questions were raised at the Pelican decision meeting about whether Bragi was used by ordinary humans in addition to being the name of the Norse god of poetry. Bragi appears as the name of an ordinary human in Landnámabók.

* Viðarr hálftr{o,}ll. Name and device. Per saltire vert and azure, in pale two wolves courant and in chief a sun between an increscent and a decrescent argent.

(to Lochac acceptances) (to Lochac returns) (to Lochac pends)


* MERIDIES acceptances (to returns) (to pends)

* Cellach ingen Óengusa. Device. Per bend sinister purpure and vert, on an open book argent in fess a sheaf of arrows and a horse rampant regardant sable.

* Date J{u-}bei Takemitsu. Name (see PENDS for device).

* Eyja Vilhjálmsdóttir. Name.

* Gwyneth Ravenscar. Device. Argent, a unicorn contourny sable maintaining a rowan slip inverted, a bordure engrailed vert.

* Irina Dashkova. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Nice Russian name for circa 1600!

* Isabetta de San Marco. Household name House of the Flying Ducks.

This household name is consistent with inn-sign names from England that use heraldic postures as adjectives to modify heraldic charges, such as Ramping Lyon, Flying Horse and Cross Keys, all attested in Juliana de Luna's "Dictionary of Inn-Sign Names in Medieval and Renaissance England" (http://heraldry.sca.org/kwhss/2017/inn%20signs%20dictionary%20JdL.pdf).

* Samuel Giseburn. Name and device. Argent, in pale a popinjay between two Maltese crosses vert, flaunches sable.

Submitted as Samuel Gisborne, the submitter requested authenticity for 12th century English and the spelling Giseburn_ for his surname. Withycombe states that the given name Samuel appears in 12th century records and Giseburn can be found in late 12th century records from Lincoln and Yorkshire. Therefore, we have changed the name to Samuel Giseburn_, an authentic 12th century English name, as requested by the submitter.

* Thyra Grimarsdottir. Name and device. Per chevron azure and sable, an ash tree eradicated and in base a serpent glissant argent.

Submitted as Thyra Grimsdottir, this name conflicts with the registered Thora Grimsdottir. The single vowel difference between Thora and Thyra is not enough to clear the conflict.

With the submitter's permission, with have changed the name to Thyra Grimarsdottir, using a patronymic based on the Old Norse given name Grímarr. This change clears the conflict by adding a second difference between the two names: Thora Grims-dottir vs. Thyra Grim-ars-dottir. Thus, the two names are clear under either PN3C1 or PN3C1. In addition, the changes affect more than two letters are required by PN3C4.

* Wu Yun. Badge for House of the Nine Dragons. (Fieldless) A Chinese dragon in annulo sable sustaining in its claws a plate.

The submitter's previous badge, returned October 2018, noted that "A timely resubmission of this design addressing the reasons for return with no further issues will be exempt from the restriction on Oriental dragons now in effect." As the submitter addressed the reasons for return in a timely fashion, the badge may be registered.

There is a step from period practice for the use of a Chinese dragon.

(to Meridies acceptances) (to Meridies returns) (to Meridies pends)


* MIDDLE acceptances (to returns) (to pends)

* Alexander Faustner. Name and device. Chevronelly inverted gules and Or, a wolf rampant within a double tressure azure.

Nice late 15th century German name!

Artist's note: Please draw the tressures thicker and bolder.

* Alexander of Rokkehealdan. Name (see PENDS for device).

Rokkehealdan is the registered name of an SCA branch.

* Barbara Webster. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Excellent 16th century English name! This precise name appears multiple times in 16th century parish records from York, England.

* Gunhilda Filippini. Augmentation of arms. Or, a Gothic letter 'G' and a tierce purpure, for augmentation the tierce charged in chief with a pen bendwise sinister Or.

SENA A3A3 states that "Because an augmentation adds complexity, augmented devices are often allowed to violate certain style rules, such as allowing charges on tertiary charges or a complexity count of greater than eight, as long as the identifiability of the design is maintained. However, they may not violate the rules on contrast." Commenters questioned whether this augmentation, which violates precedent disallowing charged tierces, is a style rule that can be violated by an augmentation.

In this design, identifiability of all charges is maintained, and no violations of the rules on contrast are violated. There is no bar to registration under SENA A3A3. See the Cover Letter for further discussion on charged tierces.

* John Roslyn the Ox. Augmentation of arms. Vert, between a chevron surmounted by a chevron inverted a bull passant contourny argent, for augmentation in canton a pear Or.

* Niccolo Bartolazzi. Device. Quarterly purpure and vert, a commedia dell'arte mask between in bend two chess rooks argent.

* Sile of Northumbria. Name.

This name combines a Gaelic given name and the lingua Societatis form of a Latinized Old English place name, an acceptable lingual mix under Appendix C.

* Siobhán an Einigh. Badge. (Fieldless) A reremouse argent charged on the breast with a triskelion of spirals purpure.

There is a step from period practice for the use of a triskelion of spirals.

* Styrkárr Þambarskelmir Eiríksson. Name.

* Sylvester von Beerberg. Reblazon of device. Argent, on a rose sable barbed vert a skull argent.

Blazoned when registered in December 1980 as Argent, on a rose sable, barbed vert, a death's head argent, the charge has a lower jaw, the distinguishing feature between a skull and a death's head.

* Tangwystl verch Gwillim. Name and device. Pily and per bend argent and azure.

* Vladimir Grigorovich D'ragoun'. Badge. (Fieldless) A Russian Orthodox cross clechy Or entwined of an ivy vine vert.

(to Middle acceptances) (to Middle returns) (to Middle pends)


* NORTHSHIELD acceptances (to returns)

* Cailin Mac Mártainn. Name and device. Quarterly Or and sable, four walnuts counterchanged.

Nice 16th century Scottish Gaelic name!

* Caitríona inghen Mártainn. Name and device. Sable, on a fess nowy argent a daisy gules.

Standardized Gaelic grammar requires the letter M- to lenite after inghen in this name. However, Brían dorcha ua Conaill provided multiple examples from period Gaelic documents in which M- did not lenite following inghean (or any spelling variants thereof) in practice. Therefore, under the July 2017 Cover Letter, the spelling of Mártainn does not need to be changed.

* Çinara de Teresa. Name.

Nice 14th century Basque name!

* Johannes Þorsteinsson. Device. Per pale sable and Or, a pile ployé counterchanged.

Nice device!

* Johannes Þorsteinsson. Badge. (Fieldless) On a rock Or a Thor's hammer sable.

* Marguarite Larchier. Device. Azure, a garb Or between three arrows inverted, a bordure argent.

* Rúna Úlfriðardóttir. Name.

* Sibillia d'Orange. Device. Argent, in fess two daggers inverted sable between flaunches vert.

* Windhaven, Barony of. Badge for Award of Vert Sparkes. Argent estencely, two scarpes wavy vert.

(to Northshield acceptances) (to Northshield returns)


* OUTLANDS acceptances (to returns)

* Angelica Sabine. Name.

Nice 16th century English name!

* Elizabeth Winter. Name change from Isabel la Biche d'Hiver.

Nice English name from the 13th century onwards!

The submitter's previous name, Isabel la Biche d'Hiver, is retained as an alternate name.

* Johan von Horne. Name.

The submitter requested authenticity for the culture of the Holy Roman Empire in the 15th-16th century. Ælfwynn Leoflæde dohtor found the surname von Horne dated to 1450 in Westfaelische-Geschichte (https://www.lwl.org/westfaelische-geschichte/portal/Internet/das_portal/das_projekt/haupt.php?urlNeu=Ja), a collection of transcribed charters and registers from Westphalia (now part of Germany). This name meets the submitter's request as Westphalia was part of the Holy Roman Empire in the 15th century.

* Jose Taberna de Torquemada. Holding name change from Jose of al-Barran.

This name was pended on the October 2018 Letter of Acceptances and Returns to discuss whether the locative byname de Torquemada, most famously used by Tomás de Torquemada, the first Grand Inquisitor of Spain during the latter part of the fifteenth century and the figure most closely associated with the movement known as the Spanish Inquisition, made this name offensive, requiring its return. PN5B4 states:

Names which include terms specifically associated with social or political movements that are offensive to a particular race, ethnicity, religion or similar group will not be registered. Likewise, names with references to events or ideas that are offensive to a similar group will not be registered. Even if used without prejudice in period, such terms are offensive by their modern context. For example, name phrases that suggest participation in pogroms or repressive movements, such as Judenfeind, a period German name meaning "enemy of the Jews," will not be registered.

After much lively and thoughtful discussion, we conclude that this name is not offensive as we currently define and have used the concept of offensiveness. Whether we wish to broaden the definition of offensiveness to include surnames or bynames associated with infamous historical figures is a subject requiring additional discussion.

As noted above, the phrase de Torquemada is a locative byname, based on a place in Spain known as Torquemada. Several historical figures other than the Inquisitor Tomás de Torquemada were from that place, including Juan de Torquemada (c. 1562 - 1624), a Franciscan friar and author of an exhaustive study of the indigenous peoples of the New World within Spain's area of influence, and Antonio de Torquemada, a Renaissance Spanish poet whose works were cited by Cervantes. Should, then, all the residents of Torquemada be tarred with the infamy of its worst son?

In reaching this decision, we re-read all of the past returns of names for offensiveness. None of those returns have been for the association of a name with an infamous historical person unless the name was also unique to that person. We have registered without comment the surnames of figures of equal infamy as Tomás de Torquemada, for example: Báthory (Elizabeth Báthory, the "Blood Countess," serial killer and inspiration for innumerable mediocre vampire movies); Eichmann (Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann, one of the architects of the Holocaust); Heydrich (Nazi leader Reinhard Heydrich, the "Butcher of Prague," organizer of Kristallnacht, and another main architect of the Holocaust). Instead, returns for offensiveness have focused on the sound or meaning of the name. The definition of offensiveness in SENA reinforces this focus with its example of Judenfeind, a name with an offensive meaning, rather than Hitler, a name with an offensive association.

In short, declining to register a locative byname because one (and apparently only one) resident of the town was particularly infamous over-reaches the concept of offensiveness as it has been applied to date. Submitters have not been on notice before now that an offensive association might preclude registration. Such a rule, should we create it, should be applied only prospectively. See the Cover Letter for more discussion of this issue.

The submitter should be aware that, for those who had heard of the name before, the association of the byname de Torquemada with the Spanish Inquisition and its practice of torture and burning at the stake was clear. Nevertheless, it can be registered at this time.

* Kolgríma Nikolásardóttir. Device change. Per saltire arrondi gules semy of triangles Or and sable, two owls respectant argent.

The submitter's previous device, Per saltire gules and purpure, an owl argent, a bordure per saltire Or and argent, is retained as a badge.

* Outlands, Kingdom of the. Heraldic title Gold Castle Herald.

* Rio de Las Animas, Shire of. Badge. Or, on a chevron wavy azure three morions palewise argent.

* Svanhildr Úlfsdóttir. Name and device. Per fess gules and azure, three swans naiant counterchanged argent and Or.

The submitter requested authenticity for "Viking/Norse" culture. This name meets the submitter's request.

(to Outlands acceptances) (to Outlands returns)


* TRIMARIS acceptances (to returns) (to pends)

* Calpurnia Fortunata. Name change from Ciarán Ó Muireagáin.

The submitter's previous name, Ciarán Ó Muireagáin, is retained as an alternate name.

* Cristina Avila. Name and device. Argent, a dragonfly purpure between three crosses of Calatrava azure, a bordure sable.

Nice 16th century Spanish name!

* Dagný Karlsdóttir. Name.

* Kelly MacAy. Name and device. Per pale azure and sable, a dance between two Latin crosses clechy and a horse's head erased contourny Or.

Kelly was documented on the Letter of Intent as the submitter's legal given name. However, they need not rely on the Legal Name Allowance because Kelly was documented as a late 16th century English surname, which can be used as a given name.

The submitter may be interested to know that the spellings Mackay and MacKay are also found in period Scotland. If the submitter prefers either of these spellings to the submitted spelling, they may make a request for reconsideration.

* Milesenda de Bourges. Heraldic title Joli Coeur Herald.

Submitted as Joli-C{oe}ur Herald, this heraldic title is based on a period title that was itself based on a motto or saying meaning "merry heart." Both the hyphen and the o-e ligature are modern typographical insertions. The form of the period title/motto found in the source documents is Joli_Coeur. We have made this change for registration.

We remind heralds and submitters that proof of the right to bear a personal heraldic title must be included when submitting a personal heraldic title. Fortunately, it was not difficult to confirm this submitter's right to a personal title.

* Neave inghean ui Fhathaigh. Name and device. Per chevron inverted Or and gules, in pale a closed book sustained by a cubit arm proper.

Submitted as Niamh inghean ui Fhathaigh, by precedent, the given name Niamh cannot be registered because it was used only by legendary figures. "[B]arring evidence that Niamh was used by non-legendary human beings or falls into another registerable category (like a saint's name), it will not be registered after the December 2012 meeting." [Niamh Fhinn, 7/2012 LoAR, A-Atenveldt] Although the submitter made some interesting arguments for Niamh as an interpolated form from several attested names, at best those arguments supported Neamh or Neamhán as very early Gaelic masculine names, not Niamh as a feminine name.

With the submitter's permission, we have changed the name to Neave inghean ui Fhathaigh, using the 16th century English surname Neave as an English given name. English and Gaelic can be combined under Appendix C and PN2C2b as long as there are no more than 300 years between the elements.

We were unable to change the name to the requested Neave inghean uí Fothaidh because there are more than 300 years between the 16th century English surname-as-given name Neave (earliest attestation 1548) and the Middle Irish spelling Fothaidh (dated 1102). The byname inghean ui Fhathaigh, on the other hand, can be dated to the late 16th or early 17th century.

A book proper has white pages and brown leather binding.

Artist's note: Please draw the line where the arm ends.

* Nishigori Mitsumune. Name (see PENDS for device).

Appearing on the Letter of Intent as Nishigori Mitsume, Kingdom corrected the typo in the byname and noted that it should be Mitsumune. We have made this change for registration.

Although the form does not contain an authenticity request, the Letter of Intent indicates that the submitter requests authenticity for "Kamakura period -- 14th century Japanese." Both of the name elements are found in 14th century Japan. However, the name is not authentic because a person of the rank associated with the surname Nishigori would have a yobina element in his name between the surname and given name. Name Construction in Medieval Japan, pp. 370-73, lists the following yobina as attested to the Kamakura period: Genza'emon, Hirasaburou, Juurou, Koshirou, Kurou, Rokurou, Shirou, and Watasaburou. If the submitter desires an authentic Kamakura period name, he should resubmit with one of these yobina included in the form Nishigori + yobina + Mitsumune.

* Philippe d'Artaignan. Device. Or, a saltire between four fleurs-de-lys, on a chief azure three wolf's heads cabossed argent.

* Straley Medved. Name and device. Azure, in saltire a war hammer and a sword, on a chief argent three bears passant sable.

Straley is the submitter's legal given name.

The submitter requested authenticity for 13th century Rus. This request was not summarized on the Letter of Intent. Fortunately, Seraphina Ragged Staff identified the authenticity request during commentary, allowing sufficient time for research. This name does not meet his request because we could find no evidence that Straley was used as a name in 13th century Russia.

* Thomas von Wildtstein. Alternate name Þórbi{o,}rn Rauðúlfsson and badge. Sable, two bears rampant addorsed argent between four estoiles two and two Or.

Submitted as Þ{o-}rbi{o,}rn R{a-}ðulfsson, macrons (the straight lines over the o and a) were not used in Old Norse. We have changed them to accents as is found in the documentation.

The submitter requested authenticity for Old Norse/Swedish language or culture. This request was not summarized on the Letter of Intent. Fortunately, Seraphina Ragged Staff identified the authenticity request during commentary, allowing sufficient time for research. Both the name Þorbi{o,}rn and the name Rauðúlfr appear in Landnámabók, the Icelandic Book of Settlements. As Þórbi{o,}rn Rauðúlfsson, this Old Norse name is authentic for 9th-10th century Iceland. We have made the changes to the patronymic to meet the submitter's authenticity request.

* Toran Saraev. Badge. Gules, in pale a staple inverted argent and a plate.

* Tristrum de Kerjean. Name and device. Per bend sinister vert and argent, a chimera statant argent and a roundel sable.

The documentation in the Letter of Intent did not support the byname de Kerjean. Fortunately, Lilie Pantheon and Lillia Crampette found evidence of de Kerjean as a gray period French byname.

This name combines an English given name and a French byname, an acceptable lingual mix under Appendix C.

* Úlfgestr Loftunga. Name and device. Per chevron argent and sable, two squirrels respectant gules and a Thor's hammer argent.

Submitted as Úlfgestr Mjodtunga, in commentary ffride wlffsdotter suggested the attested Old Norse byname Loftunga ("praise-tongue") as an alternative to the proposed hypothetical constructed byname. At the submitter's request, we have changed the byname to the attested Úlfgestr Loftunga.

(to Trimaris acceptances) (to Trimaris returns) (to Trimaris pends)


* WEST acceptances (to returns)

* West, Kingdom of the. Heraldic title Green Banner Pursuivant.

Submitted as Green Banner_, a timely correction by Kingdom added the necessary designator Pursuivant.

* West, Kingdom of the. Heraldic title Green Trumpet Pursuivant.

Submitted as Green Trumpet_, a timely correction by Kingdom added the necessary designator Pursuivant.

(to West acceptances) (to West returns)


- Explicit littera accipiendorum -


THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN RETURNED FOR FURTHER WORK:

* ÆTHELMEARC returns (to acceptances)

None.

(to Æthelmearc acceptances) (to Æthelmearc returns)


* AN TIR returns (to acceptances)

None.

(to An Tir acceptances) (to An Tir returns)


* ANSTEORRA returns (to acceptances)

None.

(to Ansteorra acceptances) (to Ansteorra returns)


* ARTEMISIA returns (to acceptances) (to pends)

None.

(to Artemisia acceptances) (to Artemisia returns) (to Artemisia pends)


* ATENVELDT returns (to acceptances)

* Kim Senggum. Name change from holding name William of Atenveldt.

This name was withdrawn by the submitter after the close of commentary.

(to Atenveldt acceptances) (to Atenveldt returns)


* ATLANTIA returns (to acceptances) (to pends)

* Bella Rose. Device. Azure, a mermaid in annulo proper, on a chief invected argent a rose proper.

In the submitter's previous device return, it was ruled: "This device is returned for redraw. The mermaid is in a posture that has not been documented... Upon resubmission, the mermaid should be drawn erect, with the tail curving below her rather than crimped to one side."

This submission likewise has a mermaid in a posture that has not been documented for sea-creatures of any type, much less merfolk. It must therefore be returned for the same issues as before.

Upon resubmission, the mermaid should be drawn erect, with the tail curving below her rather than crimped to one side. Or, if the submitter wishes to have a mermaid not in the standard posture, documentation of the preferred posture must be provided. Failure to document unique postures will lead to further returns.

(to Atlantia acceptances) (to Atlantia returns) (to Atlantia pends)


* AVACAL returns (to acceptances)

None.

(to Avacal acceptances) (to Avacal returns)


* CAID returns (to acceptances)

* Bríg inghean Uatéir. Badge. (Fieldless) Two arrows inverted in saltire sable surmounted by a mask of comedy and a mask of tragedy in fess argent.

This device is returned for the depiction of the surmounting charges. The masks are in trian aspect, which alone is grounds for return. In addition, their size relative to the arrows and their tilted angle further decrease identifiability.

Upon resubmission, please make the masks larger, upright, and forward-facing.

* Miroslav Evgenii Barskii. Device. Per chevron azure and sable, two bells and a hand apaumy argent "maintaining" a sprig of lavender argent slipped vert.

This device is returned for redraw. As Bruce Batonvert noted in commentary:

"It's taken me a while to spell out my issue with this design, but I think I have it: contrast of the maintained charge depends solely on its precise placement -- while being maintained in a way we don't usually see.

The Aug 2015 Cover Letter, which granted difference for maintained charges, also required them to have good contrast. If the sprig were on the field, the green would lack contrast; if it were on the hand, the flower would have zero contrast. Hence this strange "overall" placement, which requires the sprig to be positioned very precisely to get good contrast... a precision not in keeping with period heraldic design.

Moreover, who's heard of a hand maintaining a charge by, essentially, tucking it under its thumb? A hand maintaining the charge is usually drawn to hold the charge.

Of course, if we didn't treat the charge as maintained, but surmounting (as it's clearly drawn, extending to both sides of the hand), then we have other issues to deal with.

While the basic concept of this device is fine, I think the way it's been drawn -- and the way it has to be drawn to maintain acceptable contrast -- warrant a return for redrawing."

We agree, and further state that a hand maintaining a charge cannot, by its nature, be open.

(to Caid acceptances) (to Caid returns)


* CALONTIR returns (to acceptances) (to pends)

* Heinrich von Hohenheim. Device. Per fess Or and sable, a torteau and three chevronels braced argent.

This device is returned for violation of SENA A3D2b, which states:

Mixing Ordinaries and Other Charges: While charge groups may have different types of charges, charge groups consist of either identical ordinaries or complex charges. Thus, a single charge group may not mix ordinaries with non-ordinaries or mix two types of ordinaries.

If either charge were to cross the line of division, they would cease to be co-primary and thus avoid this rule.

* Miakushka Loshkina. Device. Argent, an "octaskelion arrondi" purpure within a bordure gules.

This device is returned for lack of documentation of the primary charge. A triskelion arrondi is already a step from period practice for being an armorial motif not attested in period armory, and the submitter made no attempt to provide period documentation of either charges or motifs that would justify the expansion of that allowance. Indeed, the only documentation provided were five registrations of pentaskelions of various charges between October 1976 and December 2004. Even if we were to grant the substantial leeway provided by SENA of not having to document charges that were registered within the last decade (which the provided registrations do not meet) not one of the provided examples are compelling enough to allow for up to eight charges in a polyskelion.

The submitter's previous device submission, Argent, a polypus facing dexter purpure within a bordure gules, was returned on the September 2015 LoAR "for having some the polypus' tentacles extending above its head. Please see the May 2015 Cover Letter for information about a correct depiction." We actively encourage the submitter to return to the original design and make the few adjustments to the arms of the polypus.

(to Calontir acceptances) (to Calontir returns) (to Calontir pends)


* DRACHENWALD returns (to acceptances)

* Euphrosyne Eirenikina. Device. Vert, within five lotus flowers affronty in annulo an annulet, all within an annulet Or.

This device is returned for violating SENA A3E1, Arrangement of Charge Groups. This arrangement, a charge within an annulet of charges, all within another charge, is not listed in SENA Appendix J, and so may not be registered without documentation that this is a period arrangement of charge groups.

This device must also be returned for redraw. As depicted, the annulets run afoul of the long-standing ban on thin-line heraldry.

(to Drachenwald acceptances) (to Drachenwald returns)


* EALDORMERE returns (to acceptances)

None.

(to Ealdormere acceptances) (to Ealdormere returns)


* EAST returns (to acceptances)

* Aloysius Sartore. Device. Argent, a brown stick hobbyhorse issuant from base proper bridled argent, a bordure sable semy of increscents argent.

This device is returned for lack of contrast between the argent reins of the hobbyhorse and the underlying field. While such details may have low contrast, they cannot have zero contrast.

Upon resubmission, the submitter is advised to make the reins a tincture other than argent, and strongly encouraged to choose a color rather than a metal.

* Matteo Genovese. Badge for House of Sharp Edge. (Fieldless) Two axes in saltire and overall a dagger argent.

This badge is returned for conflict with the device of Absolon of Hereford, Per pale gules and sable, a sheaf of halberds argent. There's one DC for fielded vs fieldless armory. There's no difference for the type of axe. We've changed 1/3 of the charges in the sheaf, which is less than is needed for the second DC.

(to East acceptances) (to East returns)


* GLEANN ABHANN returns (to acceptances)

* Gidney of Axemoor. Device. Azure, two pens and a camelopard rampant contourny argent spotted sable.

This device is returned administratively as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the emblazon on the actual form. The miniature emblazon shows pens and a camelopard that both cross the fess-line, rendering them barely co-primary, while the artwork on the form has the pens shifted to chief and somewhat smaller, making them firmly secondary charges.

Upon resubmission, the submitter should choose which arrangement is more desirable, and make sure that the charges are clearly either co-primary or primary and secondary.

* Gleann Abhann, Kingdom of. Order name Citizen of Gleann Abhann.

For several reasons, this order name must be returned. First, it was submitted without a designator. NPN1A requires all non-personal names to have designators. The designator Order of apparently was removed by Kingdom on the mistaken belief that it was not required.

Second, the name does not follow any period patterns for naming orders. We previously returned the name Order of the Citizen of Axemoor with the following explanation:

This name does not follow any known pattern of period order names. While there is period precedent for citizens and non-citizens being of different social orders, this is not the sense of "order" which applies to the SCA. We use the word in the sense of chivalric orders. Absent any examples of such orders with names analogous to this, it must be returned. "We also have some concern about this use of "citizen" as a bestowed honor. There is an implication that the members of this order are enfranchised in baronial matters, and those members of the populace not members of this order therefore being disenfranchised. While we don't believe that this is the barony's intent, it would do well to further consider this. [Axemoor, Barony of. Order name for Order of the Citizen of Axemoor, 3/1998 LoAR, R-Meridies]

No new evidence was presented that would warrant changing this precedent. The Letter of Intent argued that it follows the pattern of naming orders based on heraldic charges. However, there is no period heraldic charge known as a "citizen."

We found no evidence of orders being named for types of people unless those types of people were used as heraldic charges (e.g., pilgrims, fools) or were legendary figures. There is no unique equipment or livery associated with being a citizen. Nor is a citizen a legendary figure. In addition, even if we could consider a "citizen" as a type of profession, as stated in numerous precedents, there is no pattern of naming orders after professions. [Forgotten Sea, Barony of. Order name Order of Forester of Forgotten Sea, 2/2018 LoAR, A-Calontir].

Finally, the name arguably falls in the category of names that are too generic to register under GP2A and NPN2E. Any person residing within the territory of Gleann Abhann can reasonably consider themselves to be a "citizen" of Gleann Abhann, not just members in this particular order.

* Gleann Abhann, Kingdom of. Order name Order of Francois' Favor.

This order name must be returned because it does not follow a period pattern for naming orders. The fact that other Kingdoms, more than twenty years ago, were able to register Order of X's Favor does not document the pattern for use by the Kingdom of Gleann Abhann. In addition, when most of these names were registered, we knew far less about period order names than we do know.

This order name apparently was intended to follow the pattern naming orders after saints or patrons and objects of veneration associated with them, a pattern found in Juliana de Luna's "Medieval Secular Order Names" (http://heraldry.sca.org/names/order/new/). However, all of the objects of veneration used in such order names were identifiable physical objects such as could be registered as a heraldic charge. For instance, one example of this pattern is Gesellschaft St. Georges mit dem Pelikan or "Order of Saint George with the Pelican." Although a favor can be an object, it does not have a single expected visual depiction As the term was used in period, favors can take many forms, such as ribbons or gloves. Therefore, this name does not fit an attested period naming pattern and must be returned.

When considering resubmission, the Kingdom should be aware that Order of _ Favor would be registerable (barring conflicts) because it follows the pattern of naming orders after virtues or positive qualities. As Lillia Crampette pointed out in commentary, "favor" also had the period meaning of esteem or good graces, mercy, beauty, etc. as set out in the Middle English Dictionary s.v. f{a-}v{ov}ur. The spelling favor is dated to 1425 in the MED as well.

Additionally, Order of Francois X, without an apostrophe on the given name, would be registerable (barring conflicts) where X is a period item or artifact that is or reasonably could be used as a heraldic charge.

* Gleann Abhann, Kingdom of. Order name Royal Artisan of Gleann Abhann.

For several reasons, this order name must be returned. First, it was submitted without a designator. NPN1A requires all non-personal names to have designators. The designator Order of apparently was removed in Kingdom based on the mistaken belief that it was not required.

Second, the name does not follow any period patterns for naming orders. The Letter of Intent argued that it follows the pattern of naming orders based on heraldic charges. However, there is no period heraldic charge known as a "artisan." We found no evidence of orders being named for types of people unless those types of people were used as heraldic charges (e.g., pilgrims, fools) or were legendary figures. There is no unique equipment or livery associated with being an artisan. Nor is an artisan a legendary figure. In addition, as stated in numerous precedents, there is no pattern of naming orders after professions. [Forgotten Sea, Barony of. Order name Order of Forester of Forgotten Sea, 2/2018 LoAR, A-Calontir].

Finally, the name falls in the category of names that are too generic to register under GP2A and NPN2E. Any individual who provides artwork to a Crown can be considered a "royal artisan." Moreover, the Kingdom of Gleann Abhann apparently intends to use this "order" to designate its A&S Champions for a particular reign. Thus, this is the name of a job or position, not a name for an order or group of people. A badge or other insignia can be designated for the "Royal Artisan" position without the name "Royal Artisan" having to be registered; the phrase "Royal Artisan of Gleann Abhann" would be attached to the badge as a generic identifier.

Alternatively, the Kingdom could register a guild or household name such as Worshipful Company of Artisans of Gleann Abhann, which does follow a period pattern for naming groups of people.

* Gleann Abhann, Kingdom of. Order name Sable Huntsman of Gleann Abhann.

This order name must be returned for two reasons. First, it was submitted without a designator. NPN1A requires all non-personal names to have designators. The designator Order of apparently was removed in Kingdom on the mistaken belief that it was not required. We would restore the designator if the substantive element of the name were registerable; unfortunately, it is not.

Second, the name does not follow any period patterns for naming orders. The Letter of Intent argued that it follows the pattern of naming orders based on heraldic charges. However, there is no period heraldic charge known as a "huntsman." We found no evidence of orders being named for types of people unless those types of people were used as heraldic charges (e.g., pilgrims, fools) or were legendary figures. There is no unique equipment or livery associated with being a huntsman. Nor is a huntsman a legendary figure. In addition, as stated in numerous precedents, there is no pattern of naming orders after professions. [Forgotten Sea, Barony of. Order name Order of Forester of Forgotten Sea, 2/2018 LoAR, A-Calontir]. The fact that Huntsman is a 16th century English surname also does not support the order name as submitted because there is no pattern of naming orders after colors and surnames.

At the Kingdom's request, rather than making any possible changes, we are returning this name for further work so that they may consider their options.

(to Gleann Abhann acceptances) (to Gleann Abhann returns)


* LOCHAC returns (to acceptances) (to pends)

None.

(to Lochac acceptances) (to Lochac returns) (to Lochac pends)


* MERIDIES returns (to acceptances) (to pends)

* Irina Dashkova. Device. Argent, a raven sable and a ford proper, on a chief azure a bezant between an increscent and a decrescent Or.

This device is returned for violating SENA A3E2, which states complexity of a design is "measured by adding the number of types of charges to the number of tinctures. Items with a complexity count of eight or less receive no penalty for complexity from this rule." Here we have five charges (raven, chief, ford, roundel, crescents) and four tinctures (argent, sable, azure, Or), for a total complexity count of nine.

The submitter provided a ruling from May 2014 where the device of Gwyneth O Callaghan, Argent, an ash-tree eradicated proper issuant from base and on a chief azure a sun Or and a decrescent argent, was returned for complexity. In that ruling, Gwyneth was advised that "There is a pattern in late-period English armory of similar complexity, however all such patterns have three items on the chief, not two: a sun between two decrescents, or a decrescent between two suns, for example. With only two dissimilar charges in different tinctures on the chief, this does not come close enough to the period pattern to be registerable. Either adding a sun or a decrescent as mentioned here, or reducing the number of tinctures, would make this device less complex." The submitter hoped to use this ruling to bypass the requirements of SENA A3E2. However, the pattern cited in the ruling was of a single primary charge with a multiply-charged chief. The presence of two dissimilar peripheral ordinaries, especially with one being a ford, is far less common.

If the submitter wants to avoid the complexity limits imposed on core armory by SENA, an IAP will be required.

Upon resubmission, please give the ford more waves and at least four traits to aid in identifiability.

(to Meridies acceptances) (to Meridies returns) (to Meridies pends)


* MIDDLE returns (to acceptances) (to pends)

* Aleksei Vasilev. Device. Azure, a domestic cat couchant head lowered and a base Or.

This device is returned for conflict with the device of Renée de Cataluña, Azure, a domestic cat couchant gardant and in chief a moon in her plenitude Or. There's a DC for the type of secondary, but a base is in base by its very definition; that placement is forced. Forced changes do not count for difference; neither does gardant vs not-gardant.

* Aleksei Vasilev. Augmentation of arms. Azure, a domestic cat couchant head lowered and a base Or and for augmentation in chief a mullet Or.

This augmentation of arms is returned for lack of registration of the underlying device. The submitter's device was returned for conflict, above.

We note that the mullet is an unremarkable charge, frequently used as a mark of cadency, and that this design would be feasible as an unaugmented device in its own right.

* Aturdokht of Dark River. Badge. (Fieldless) A rabbit rampant azure winged and attired argent maintaining a fireball "proper".

This device is returned for the use of fimbriated flames. The depiction of "proper" flames as gules fimbriated Or or Or fimbriated gules has long been disallowed.

Upon resubmission, please depict the wings, attires, and ears in such a way that they do not obscure one another.

* Barbara Webster. Device. Per bend sable and argent, a bend Or between three stick shuttles in bend and a hedgehog counterchanged.

This device is returned for violating SENA A3D2c, Unity of Posture and Orientation, which states "The charges within a charge group should be in either identical postures/orientations or an arrangement that includes posture/orientation" The charges here are not in a unified arrangement, as the arrangement of the stick shuttles had to be blazoned independently of the hedgehog.

* Clarissa Corvinus. Device change. Argent, a chevron purpure between three ravens contourny sable.

This device is returned for conflict with the device of Fathir von Trier, Argent, a chevron purpure between two crosses formy and a reremouse sable. There is one DC for changing the type of secondary charges, but none for orientation; since the crosses and reremouse are bilaterally symmetric, they can't be contourny.

* Siobhán an Einigh. Augmentation of arms. Argent, on a pale azure between two triskelions of spirals purpure, an increscent argent and as an augmentation on a base purpurse a quill pen Or.

This is a duplicate of a submission registered on the December 2018 LoAR.

(to Middle acceptances) (to Middle returns) (to Middle pends)


* NORTHSHIELD returns (to acceptances)

None.

(to Northshield acceptances) (to Northshield returns)


* OUTLANDS returns (to acceptances)

None.

(to Outlands acceptances) (to Outlands returns)


* TRIMARIS returns (to acceptances) (to pends)

None.

(to Trimaris acceptances) (to Trimaris returns) (to Trimaris pends)


* WEST returns (to acceptances)

None.

(to West acceptances) (to West returns)


- Explicit littera renuntiationum -


THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN PENDED UNTIL THE August 2019 LAUREL MEETING (OR AS NOTED):

* ARTEMISIA pends (to acceptances) (to returns)

* Joan de Covington. Device. Quarterly azure mullety of six points argent and Or, a lion salient gules and in canton a rose Or.

This device has three charge groups, with one primary charge (lion) and two separate secondary charges (strewn mullets, rose in canton). The arrangement of these charges are not attested in Appendix J of SENA, which requires all armory with three or more charge groups directly on the field to be documented. This would be grounds for return.

However, according to those involved in assembling Appendix J, the list of attested charge arrangements was done quickly at Pennsic's Herald's Point as the draft of SENA was being assembled. As the issue of the Appendix J restriction was not raised in commentary, this device is pended to document the arrangement of a primary non-ordinary charge, strewn secondary charges, and a separate non-ordinary secondary charge directly on the field (within the strewn field). See this month's Cover Letter for a broader request to fill in the gaps of Appendix J.

This was item 1 on the Artemisia letter of December 30, 2018.

(to Artemisia acceptances) (to Artemisia returns) (to Artemisia pends)


* ATLANTIA pends (to acceptances) (to returns)

* Úlfhildr Járnsaxa Sv{o,}nudóttir. Device. Quarterly arrondi argent and gules, a sun between three wolves courant in annulo sable.

This device is pended for the discussion about charges in annulo from the January 2019 LoAR.

There is a step from period practice for the use of charges in annulo not in their default orientation.

This was item 23 on the Atlantia letter of December 31, 2018.

(to Atlantia acceptances) (to Atlantia returns) (to Atlantia pends)


* CALONTIR pends (to acceptances) (to returns)

* Kateline l'archiere de Lyons. Device. Per bend sinister argent and sable mullety Or, a lion salient guardant gules and in dexter chief an arrow fesswise sable.

This device has three charge groups, with one primary charge (lion) and two separate secondary charges (strewn mullets, arrow in canton). The arrangement of these charges are not attested in Appendix J of SENA, which requires all armory with three or more charge groups directly on the field to be documented. This would be grounds for return.

However, according to those involved in assembling Appendix J, the list of attested charge arrangements was done quickly at Pennsic's Herald's Point as the draft of SENA was being assembled. As the issue of the Appendix J restriction was not raised in commentary, this device is pended to document the arrangement of a primary non-ordinary charge, strewn secondary charges, and a separate non-ordinary secondary charge directly on the field (outside of the strewn field). See this month's Cover Letter for a broader request to fill in the gaps of Appendix J.

This was item 11 on the Calontir letter of December 7, 2018.

(to Calontir acceptances) (to Calontir returns) (to Calontir pends)


* LOCHAC pends (to acceptances) (to returns)

* Lochac, Kingdom of. Badge for Lochac Fibre Guild. (Fieldless) A Wake knot palewise gules.

This badge is pended to discuss the potential conflict with the badge of the Wake family and the Earls of Ormond, (Tinctureless) A Wake knot. Two questions need to be answered here.

The first is whether there should be a difference for orientation for a Wake knot. In "Heraldry in Historic Houses of Great Britain" by Woodcock & Robinson, p. 45, we've an example of the Bourchier knot used in a palewise orientation - which we know because of the initials Sir Robert Bourchier (d.1598) on either side of it - suggesting that orientation wasn't considered when displaying their knot badge. The Bourchier knot is of comparable complexity to the Wake knot.

The second is whether this badge matches the orientation used by the Wake family and/or the Earls of Ormond.

Lochac Fibre Guild is a generic designator.

This was item 6 on the Lochac letter of December 30, 2018.

(to Lochac acceptances) (to Lochac returns) (to Lochac pends)


* MERIDIES pends (to acceptances) (to returns)

* Date J{u-}bei Takemitsu. Device. Azure, on a plate between two mice of India statant in annulo Or a cinquefoil gules.

This device is pended for the discussion about charges in annulo from the January 2019 LoAR.

There is a step from period practice for the use of charges in annulo not in their default orientation.

This was item 2 on the Meridies letter of December 31, 2018.

(to Meridies acceptances) (to Meridies returns) (to Meridies pends)


* MIDDLE pends (to acceptances) (to returns)

* Alexander of Rokkehealdan. Device. Per fess gules and argent, in fess a mouse rampant contourny Or and a tortoise rampant azure.

This badge is pended for discussion on whether tortoises can be rampant.

This was item 4 on the Middle letter of December 31, 2018.

(to Middle acceptances) (to Middle returns) (to Middle pends)


* TRIMARIS pends (to acceptances) (to returns)

* Nishigori Mitsumune. Device. Argent, three tortoises statant in annulo within a bordure vert.

This device is pended for the discussion about charges in annulo from the January 2019 LoAR, and for the discussion in this month's Cover Letter about whether tortoises can be statant.

There is a step from period practice for the use of charges in annulo not in their default orientation.

This was item 7 on the Trimaris letter of December 31, 2018.

(to Trimaris acceptances) (to Trimaris returns) (to Trimaris pends)


- Explicit -


Created at 2019-05-29T18:33:31