| Laurel: | Date: (year.month.date) | Precedent: |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.05 | Submitted as Hrothgar Ivarsson, the submitter requested authenticity for 10th-11th C. As submitted, the name mixes an Old English form of the given name with an Old Norse patronymic. An authentic name combining these elements in period would have been written completely in Old English or completely in Old Norse depending upon the language of the document in which the name was recorded. We have changed the name to Hróðgeirr Ívarsson, a fully Old Norse form of this name to fulfill his request for authenticity. [Hróðgeirr Ívarsson, 05/04, A-Aethelmearc] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.05 | Listed on the LoI as Alric æt Mæidesstana, the preposition was submitted as of but changed to æt in kingdom in the belief that æt was the Old English equivalent of the modern English of. As the Old English preposition meaning of is of, we have returned this name to the originally submitted form. [Alric of Mæidesstana, 05/04, A-Aethelmearc] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.03 | Submitted as House Gunnulf, the submitter requested an Old English designator for House. Siren found a citation from the OED for Aarones hus dated to c. 1000. We have changed this name to the equivalent for Gunnulf: Gunnulfes hus. [Birgir inn Blakki, 03/04, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.03 | Cyneswith is an Old English feminine given name dated to 656. Old English and Gaelic is registerable with a weirdness (see the discussion for Eithne of Cantwaraburg, registered in August 2002). In order to avoid a second weirdness for a temporal disparity, the byname would need to be dated no later than 300 years after the date for Cyneswith. Ó Corráin & Maguire (p. 85 s.n. Eithne) give Eithne as the name of a woman who died in 795 and who was the daughter of "Domnall Mide, the high-king". This reference supports Domnall as a mid to late 8th C name, less than 300 years after the date for Cyneswith. Therefore, the name Cyneswith ingen Domnaill would be registerable with a single weirdness for combining Old English and Old Gaelic in a name. [Cyneswith a bíth inghean Domnaill, 03/2004, R-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.03 | Submitted as Shire of Bull Pytt, the submission mixed the Old English pytt with the late period English Bull. This combination is not registerable, as it violates RfS III.1.a, which require linguistic consistency within a name phrase (such as a placename). Siren was able to suggest possible registerable forms:
As Bull Pitte is the closest plausible Middle English form to the submitted Bull Pytt, we have changed the submitted name to that form to register it. [Bull Pitte, Shire of, 03/2004, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.03 | Sudentor was submitted as Middle English with the documentation:
However, there are a couple of issues with the proposed form Sudentor. First, the example of Sudendune dated to the Domesday Book is Old English (or a Latinized form of an Old English placename). It is not Middle English. Second, the cited examples of Dunstore and Eofede torr support -tore as the second element in a dithematic placename and torr as the second word in a two element placename. Neither supports -tor as a Middle English deuterotheme (second half) of a dithematic (two-element, one-word) placename. As a result, the submitted form Sudentor is actually a mix of Old English and Middle English. RfS III.1.a requires linguistic consistency within a name phrase. Therefore, this name must be changed to a fully Old English or a fully Middle English form in order to be registerable. Ekwall (s.n. Siddington) dates the form Sudingdone to 1286, showing Suding- as a Middle English form of the earlier Suden-. Therefore, a fully Middle English form of this name would be Sudingtore. Ekwall (s.n. Dunster) dates the form Torre to the Domesday Book. Therefore, Sudentorre would be a form of this name consistent for the language of the Domesday Book (mainly Latinized Old English). Of these two forms, Sudentorre is closer than Sudingtore in sound and appearance to the submitted Sudentor. As the submitters allow minor changes, we have changed this name to the form Sudentorre in order to register this name. [Sudentorre, Canton of, 03/2004, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.02 | Submitted as Aelfwynn of Whitby, the submitter requested authenticity for 12th C English and allowed any changes. The submission form stated, "Submitter has used this form of the name for a long time; she'd appreciated it if spelling could be retained."
The form Ælfwynn is an Old English name, used by the Anglo-Saxons, which Searle (pp. 29-30 s.n. Ælfwynn) dates to the 10th C. No evidence was presented and none was found to support Aelfwynn as a variant spelling of Ælfwynn. Lacking such evidence, the form Aelfwynn is not registerable. A Middle English form of the name appropriate for the submitter's desired time period is Aluina, dated to 1206 in Talan Gwynek's "Feminine Given Names in A Dictionary of English Surnames" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/talan/reaney/). Whitby is the modern form of this placename, and may be a plausible spelling for the 16th C. Ekwall (s.n. Whitby) dates the forms Witebi to the Domesday Book, Witebia to c. 1100, Witeberia to c. 1150, Witebi to c. 1190, and Hwitebi to 1104-8. As submitted, this name combined the Old English name Ælfwynn (note that the name uses an aesh, Æ, not Ae-) with of Whitby, which uses a placename form that is dated to the 16th C or later. This name had one weirdness for combining Old English and Middle English within a name. Since the form Ælfwynn is dated no later than the 10th C and the form Whitby is dated no earlier than the 16th C, this name also had a weirdness for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years. The combination of these two weirdnesses made the submitted form of this name unregisterable. Based on this information, Aluina of Witebi would be a fully Middle English form of this name appropriate for the submitter's desired time period of the 12th C. Since the submission form indicated that the submitter wished to retain the submitted spelling, we have made the minimal amount of changes necessary to register this name. The form Ælfwynn of Witebi combines the documented 10th C Old English form of the given name with a 12th C Middle English form of this byname. We have changed the name to this form to remove the weirdness for temporal disparity in order to register this name. [Ælfwynn of Witebi, 02/2004, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.02 | The Letter of Intent asserts that the spelling Leofwynne is found in Searle. However, multiple commenters were unable to locate this spelling. Searle (pp. 334 - 336 s.n. Leofwine, multiple headers) dates Leofwine to the 9th and 10th C as a masculine given name. Searle dates the feminine given names Leofwynn (p. 336 s.n. Leofwynn) to the 7th C and 997 and Leofwen (p. 334 s.n. Leofwen) to c. 1050. A single entry in Searle (p. 336 s.n. Leofwynn), includes the information local: Liofwynne mearc. The name Liofwynne is most likely a dative form in this construction. In an Old English name, names used in the given name position are in the nominative case. Lacking evidence of Liofwynne clearly used in the nominative case, or even other names using the spelling -wynne in the nominative case, neither Liofwynne nor Leofwynne is registerable as a given name. As the submission form specifically states "No changes to first name", we cannot change Leofwynne to a dated form in order to register this name. [Leofwynne le glasyer, 02/2004, R-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.01 | Submitted as Wulfwyn atte Maeldun, the documentation showed the placename as Mældun, not Maeldun. We have made this correction.
This name combined the Middle English atte with the Old English placename Mældun and, so, violated RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency within a name phrase. We have changed atte to the Old English æt in order to make the byname fully Old English and register this name. [Wulfwyn æt Mældun, 01/2004, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.01 | This name has one weirdness for mixing the English Athelstan with an otherwise Scots name and a second weirdness for a double given name in Scots. As the submitter allows no major changes, we were unable to drop one of the given names in order to register this name.
Additionally, no evidence was found that the spelling MacKendry is a plausible period form. Metron Ariston found a spelling quite close to the submitted MacKendry: [Malise Athelstan MacKendry, 01/2004, R-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.12 | Submitted as Grimmbrand the Hound Keeper, the spelling of the given name was justified based on words found in a dictionary of Anglo-Saxon. While the words grimm and brand are related to the name elements, the spelling grimm is not found in names. Instead, all the Anglo-Saxon names that the College found use Grim-. We have made that change to register the name. [Grimbrand Hundeman, 12/2003, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.12 | The submitter requested authenticity for 8th C Wessex. Wessex was an Anglo-Saxon kingdom where Old English was spoken. While this is an authentic Old Norse name, it is not an Old English name. The issue of when Norse settlements existed in England was not discussed during commentary. As such, we were unable to determine whether or not this name is appropriate for the submitter's desired time and location. [Hrafnhildr Mikaelsdóttir, 12/2003, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.11 | Submitted as Cynewise æt Scadenwuda, the byname was not quite correctly formed. Metron Ariston provided information regarding correctly formed Old English bynames combining these elements:
Pennon provided followup commentary that the submitter's intended meaning was indeed 'shady wood'. Therefore, we have changed the byname to the form æt Sceaduwuda provided by Metron Ariston in order to register this name. [Cynewise æt Sceaduwuda, 11/2003, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | This name combines Old English and German, a combination that was ruled unregisterable due to the lack of documentation of significant contact between these cultures in the January 2003 LoAR.
This submission provided no evidence of significant contact between speakers of Old English and German. While the College found some evidence of contact between the area that is now Germany and Anglo-Norman England, no evidence was found of significant contact between speakers of Old English (rather than Middle English or Anglo-Norman French) and German. Lacking such evidence, the precedent ruling a name combining Old English and German to be unregisterable is upheld. As the submitter only allowed minor changes, and changing the language of a given name from Old English to Middle English is a major change, we were unable to change Leofric from an Old English form to a Middle English form (such as Leffrich dated to 1240 in Reaney & Wilson s.n. Leverage) in order to register this name. [Leofric von der Ertheneburg, 10/2003, R-Drachenwald] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.09 | Submitted as Tukka Kirk, there were issues with the documentation for Tukka and with the combination of languages in this name.
The given name Tukka was documented from Reaney & Wilson (p. 456 s.n. Tuck). However, this entry gives no dated examples of Tukka. Instead, this entry states, "... the frequent occurrence of the personal name in the 12th and 13th centuries suggests that we have an Anglo-Scand. *Tukka, a pet-form of ON Þorketil." None of the dated forms listed in this entry end in an a. Metron Ariston explains the notation in this entry, "[T]he discussion in the location cited in Reaney and Wilson [s.n. Tuck] presumes an unattested Tukka derived from the Old Norse. (The asterisk is a dead giveaway!)" Adding to the uncertainty of the form Tukka theorized by Reaney & Wilson is the information in Bardsley (s.n. Tuck), which cites Toka from a Latin entry in the Domesday Book: "'liber homo Stigandi Toka Francigine' (?Toka the Frenchman)". Based on this information, Tukka is, at best, an unattested Old English name formed as a diminutive of an Old Norse name. The byname Kirk was documented as appropriate for 15th to 16th C Scots (a language closely related to English). Combining Old English and Scots in a name has been previously been ruled to be reason for return (Dunno Jamesson, LoAR of March 2002). Reaney & Wilson (s.n. Tuck) date Tukke faber to 1101-7. As the submitter allows any changes, we have changed the given name to the Middle English Tukke in order to register this name. The submitter may wish to know that, since a final e is not silent in Middle English, the form Tukke would be pronounced approximately "TUH-keh" - fairly similar to a modern pronunciation of Tukka. [Tukke Kirk, 09/2003, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.09 | Submitted as Ormswyn of Aclei, Ormswyn was submitted as an Old English name formed by combining the Old English name Orm with the deuterotheme -wyn. Not all Old English names, can also be used as the first portion (protheme) of a name. Siren explains:
Searle (p. 370) also lists the name Ormcytel which is made up of the protheme Orm- and the deuterotheme -cytel. Given this information, the name Ormwine is a plausible construction, with Ormwyn being a rarer, though also plausible, variant. We have changed the given name to the constructed Ormwyn in order to register this name. [Ormwyn of Aclei, 09/2003, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.09 | Submitted as Aethstan of Wortham, the submitter allowed any changes. Aethstan was submitted as a theorized variant of the documented Old English name Æðelstan. Many Old English names are formed by combining two themes. In this case, Æðelstan combines Æðel- 'noble' with -stan 'stone'. Argent Snail found a number of variants of Old English names that need to be examined in regards to this name:
In the examples of Æðelmær appearing in the form Aelmarus and Æðelfrid appearing in the form Aeluert, the protheme Æðel- is rendered Ael-. Therefore, these examples do not support rendering the character Æ as Ae. Rather, they would support Aelstan as a variant of Æðelstan. The other examples found by Argent Snail deal with representations of the protheme Ead- rather than Æðel- and, so, do not support the submitted Aethstan. Olof von Feilitzen, The pre-Conquest Personal names of the Domesday Book (p. 188 s.n. Æðelstan), lists Athestani as a genitive form of this name. The corresponding nominative form would be Athestan. We have changed the submitted Aethstan to this form in order to register this name. [Athestan of Wortham, 09/2003, A-Drachenwald] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.06 | Listed on the LoI as Ingwulf Wulfsone, this name was submitted as Ingwulf Wulfsin. The submitter requested authenticity for 7th C Saxon and noted that the sound "wolf's son" and Saxon language/culture were most important to him. Kingdom changed the byname to a theorized Old English form in an attempt to meet the submitter's request for authenticity and his desired sound.
No support was provided in the LoI that either Wulfsin or Wulfsone were properly constructed. Patronymic bynames in Old English are typically formed by placing the father's name in the genitive case and appending a form of sunu 'son'. A 7th C example of this type of construction is found in Gösta Tengvik, Old English Bynames (p. 158 s.n. Hussan sunu), which dates Hering Hussan sunu to 603. Metron Ariston provided support for an appropriate form of the submitted byname for Old English:
We have changed this name to the byname provided by Metron Ariston, and have added the space before sunu as seen in the 7th C example found in Tengvik, in order to make this name authentic for the submitter's desired time and culture. [Ingwulf Wulfes sunu, 06/2003 LoAR, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.06 | The submitter requested authenticity for 15th C French. The documentation provided for Ognar on the LoI was:
Unfortunately, there are problems with the construction of Ognar as a hypothecized Old English name. Siren explains:
Lacking evidence that Ognar is a plausible name in period, it is not registerable. [Ognar de Lyondemere, 06/2003 LoAR, R-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | Submitted as Ingvarr W{oe}lsing, the submitter requested authenticity for 5th to 6th C continental Saxon and allowed minor changes. The submitted documentation shows Wælsing rather than W{oe}lsing. We have made this change. Ingvarr was documented as Old Norse, while Wælsing was documented as Old English. Lacking evidence that either element was used in the submitter's requested time and culture, we were unable to make this name authentic. [Ingvarr Wælsing, 04/2003 LoAR, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | Submitted as Léofwynn of Leodridan, the marking used on the e in the given name is not correct. Metron Ariston explains:
Based on this information, this name is registerable as L{e-}ofwynn of Leodridan and Leofwynn of Leodridan. As the submitted form included a diacritical mark on the e in the given name, we have registered the form which includes a mark over the e. [L{e-}ofwynn of Leodridan, 04/2003 LoAR, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.03 | Submitted as Eadwine of Foxecote, the submitter requested authenticity for 11th to 12th C Anglo-Saxon. As submitted, this name combines the Old English Eadwine with the Middle English of Foxecote. An authentic period name combining these elements would have been recorded completely in Old English or completely in Middle English depending upon the language of the document in which this language was recorded. Ekwall (p. 186 s.n. Foxcote) dates the form Fuscote to the Domesday Book. G�sta Tengvik, Old English Bynames, pp. 54-56, in the section entitled "Lat. de (in OE charters)" gives some examples of Old English given names with Latin locative bynames. Based on these examples, Eadwine de Fuscote would be an authentic form of this name for an Old English record. Reaney & Wilson (s.n. Foxcot) date Edulf de Foxcote to 1189. Therefore, a fully Middle English form of this name appropriate for the 12th C would be Edwin de Foxcote.
We have changed the byname to a form documented to the submitter's desired time period in order to partially meet his request for authenticity. As the submitter only allowed minor changes, we were unable to change this name to a form appropriate for Old English to fully meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Eadwine de Foxcote, 03/2003, A-Ealdormere] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.03 | Submitted as Aethelind of Erbystok, the submitter requested authenticity for 13th C Welsh/English and allowed minor changes. The only documentation provided for the submitted Aethelind was the statement on her form "Aethelind - Withycombe p.3 - Innes Compilation of 1992."
Andreanna Innes's An Index of Given Names Contained in The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names by E. G. Withycombe lists Aethelind as a name found under Ethelinda. However, Withycombe (p. 109 s.n. Ethelinda) shows Æthelind, not Aethelind. The conversion from Æ to Ae is a modern editorial convention used when it is not possible to use the character Æ. As no evidence was found to support Aethelind as a period form of Æthelind, it is not registerable. We have changed the given name in this submission to the form Æthelind in order to register this name. By the submitter's desired time period, the Old English form Æthelind was replaced by a Middle English form of this name such as Athelyna, which Withycombe (p. 109 s.n. Ethelinda) dates to 1346. However, Old English and Middle English are sufficiently different in enough ways (including appearance) that they count as different languages. As the submitter does not allow major changes, and changing the language of an element is considered a major change, we have registered this name using the Old English Æthelind rather than the Middle English Athelyna. [Æthelind of Erbystok, 03/2003, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.03 | Submitted as Aelfgeirr Skytja, Aelfgeirr was submitted as an Anglo-Saxon form of the Old Norse name Álfgeirr. However, the Anglo-Saxon form of Álfgeirr was Ælfgar, not Aelfgeirr. Metron Ariston explains:
As the Old Norse Alfgeirr is closer than the Anglo-Saxon Ælfgar to the submitted Aelfgeirr, we have changed this name to the Old Norse form in order to register this name. We have changed the descriptive byname to lowercase to match both the documentation and conventional Old Norse spelling. [Alfgeirr skytja, 03/2003, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.03 | Submitted as Ealdnortwalde, the submission form noted that the meaning 'Old North Woods' was most important to the submitters.
As submitted, this name combined the Old English Eald- 'old' with Nortwalde 'north forest', which is a form dated to the Domesday Book. The forms of placenames found in the Domesday Book have to be interpreted with care, as this document shows the transition from Old English to Middle English. As it turns out, the Old English Eald- had shifted to the Middle English (Anglo-Norman) form Alde- by the time of the Domesday Book. Therefore, the submitted Ealdnortwalde combined the Old English Eald- with the Middle English Nortwalde in a single word and so violated RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name phrase. Metron Ariston provided a fully Old English placename with the meaning the submitting group desires:
From this information, grammatically correct, registerable forms of this name are:
As the last of these has the meaning 'old north woods' desired by the submitters, we have changed this name to the form Ealdnorðwuda in order to register this name. [Ealdnorðwuda, Canton of, 03/2003, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | Submitted as Eadric Longfellow, the submitter requested authenticity for an unspecified language/culture (presumably English based on the documentation) and allowed any changes. As submitted, this name combines an Old English given name with a Middle English byname dated only to 1475 and later.
Combining Old English and Middle English in a single name is a weirdness because of the dramatic linguistic and orthographic differences between the two languages. A modern English speaker can usually read unmodernized versions of plays by Shakespeare with few difficulties. Many can read unmodernized versions of works by Chaucer, though with more difficulty. If you hand them a copy of Beowulf that is not modernized (or translated), very few will be able to make heads or tails of it. These differences are the basis for the weirdness for using Old English and Middle English in the same name. The weirdness for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years is a different issue from the lingual mix of Old English and Middle English. As explained recently:
Therefore, the submitted form of this name had two weirdnesses; one for the lingual mix of Old English and Middle English, and a second for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years. As the submitter indicated that the sound of the name was most important to him, we have changed the given name to the form Edric, which is dated to the 13th C in Talan Gwynek's article "Men's Given Names from Early 13th Century England" (http://www.s_gabriel.org/names/talan/eng13/eng13m.html), to change this name to a completely Middle English form in order to register this name. [Edric Longfellow, 02/2003 LoAR, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | No documentation was presented and none was found to support Ulfgar as a plausible Norse given name in period. It is possible that Ulfgar may be a plausible variant of the Old English name Wulfgær, but the plausibility of such a variation would need to be examined. Searle (p. 507) includes an entry that lists both the forms Wulfgar and Ulgar. Many of the second forms in Searle's headers are Latin forms of the names in question and the loss of the f may (or may not) be an aspect of the Latin form.
The byname Thegnson is presumptuous. As noted by Black Pillar:
This name is being returned for using a form of Thain as a byname, which has previously been prohibited: [Ulfgar Thegnson, 02/2003 LoAR, R-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Ethrelinda was submitted as a variant of Ethelinda, which was documented as "the name of a concubine of Charlemagne (Ernest Weekley, 'Jack and Jill, A Study in Our Christian Names', p 133)." This source appears to be a modern baby name book and should be avoided for SCA name documentation.
Searle (p. 42) lists Æthellind as a header, with Adallindis as a secondary header, and dates this name to c. 800 as a concubine of Charlemagne. From this information, it seems that Weekly used Ethelinda as a modern form of the Æthellind noted by Searle. The only example of the name Ethrelinda that could be found was post-period and may be a typo. Metron Ariston explains:
Lacking evidence that Ethrelinda is a plausible period name, it is not registerable. As the submitter allowed no changes, we were unable to change this name to of one of the forms documented in Searle or Morlet in order to register this name. [Ethrelinda of Eisental, 01/2003 LoAR, R-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | [Alternate name Emma Wulfwinesdohtor] Listed on the LoI as Emma Wulfwinedoghter, this name was submitted as Emma Wulfwinesdoghter and changed at Kingdom to follow examples of bynames found in Reaney & Wilson. The submitter requested authenticity for 7th to 11th C Anglo-Saxon and allowed any changes. Emma Wulfwinedoghter is a Middle English form of this name. The Old English form of this name is Emma Wulfwinesdohtor. We have made this change to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Emma Wolvyne, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Submitted as Celestria de Celtanhomme, the submitter requested authenticity for "English/Norman" and allowed minor changes. Celtenhomme is the dative case of the Old English name for Cheltenham. No documentation was presented and none was found that Celtanhomme is a plausible variant of the documented
Celtenhomme. Lacking evidence that the form Celtanhomme is plausible in period, it is not registerable.
As an Old English placename in the dative case, Celtenhomme is not grammatically compatible with de, which is Latin and which does not take a dative case. We have changed this byname to the fully Old English form of Celtenhomme in order to register this name. In Old English bynames, of is followed by the dative case of a placename, so of Celtenhomme is grammatically correct. The submitter requested authenticity for "English/Norman". Ekwall (p. 99 s.n. Cheltenham) dates Chilteham to 1156. Celestria de Chilteham would be an authentic form of this name for her desired time and culture. However, changing the language of the byname from Old English to Middle English is a major change, which the submitter does not allow. [Celestria of Celtenhomme, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Submitted as Liuedai von Regensburg, this name combined Liuedai, which is a Latinized form of an Old English name, with the German byname von Regensburg. Lacking evidence that Anglo-Saxon England had significant contact with Germany, a name combining Old English and German is not registerable. We have changed the given name to the Middle English form Luveday (dated to 1205 in Reaney & Wilson, p. 285 s.n. Loveday), in order to register this name. [Luveday von Regensburg, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Submitted as Leofwine av Sumersaeton, the submitter requested authenticity for 1056 Anglo-Saxon England and allowed minor changes. As submitted, this byname combines the modern Swedish av with the Old English Sumersaeton and so violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name element. We have changed the particle from the Swedish av to the Old English of to resolve this problem.
Old English grammar requires that, in personal names having the form [given name] of [placename], the placename be in the dative case. The documented Sumersæton (found in Ekwall, p. 430 s.n. Somerset) is a nominative form. The dative form of this placename is Sumersætum. We have made this correction in order to register this name and to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Leofwine of Sumersætum, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Submitted as Eadwenna æt Hræfnhyrst, the submitter requested authenticity for 9th to 10th C Saxon and allowed any changes. Metron Ariston provided commentary on Old English forms of this name appropriate for the submitter's desired period:
Lacking evidence that Eadwenna is a plausible period form of Eadwynn, it is not registerable. We have changed this name to the form suggested by Metron Ariston to register this name and to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Eadwynn æt Hræfneshyrste, 01/2003 LoAR, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.12 | The Middle English particle atte means 'at the' and is used with words that refer to generic locations such as a ridge, a hill, or water. Reaney & Wilson (p. 332 s.n. Otterburn) date Rannulf de Oterburn' to 1219, Helias de Hoterburne to 1274-5, and Alan de Ottyrburne to 1246. This entry indicates that the location referred to in this byname is the formal name of several locations. As it is a proper noun, not a general description of a location, it is not compatible with atte. Therefore, atte Oterburne is not registerable.
Correctly constructed forms of this byname include the Middle English forms listed in Reaney & Wilson. The Old English form æt Otreburne would be appropriate for the submitted given name Ælfled and would sound close to the submitted atte Oterburne. As the submitter allows no changes, we were unable to change this byname to any of these forms in order to register this name. [Ælfled atte Oterburne, 12/2002, R-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.12 | No documentation could be found for Bub as a given name. The documentation that the submitter presented from Searle (p. 119) showed Bub as a protheme, not as an independent given name. Names that Searle lists (p. 119) that include the protheme Bub- include Bubba, Bubbo, and Bubo. Lacking evidence of Bub as a given name, it is not registerable.
It was generally felt at the decision meeting that the change from Bub (which the submitter had believed was an independent name) to either Bubba or Bubbo was a major change, which the submitter did not allow. [Bub of the Steppes, 12/2002, R-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.11 | Submitted as Lothar Wildehaer, the submitter requested authenticity for 9th C Saxon and allowed any changes. Sommelier found an Anglo-Saxon form of the given name:
The submitted byname Wildehaer seems to combine the elements wilde 'wild' and hær 'hair'. No documentation was provided and none was found that a byname meaning 'wild hair' is reasonable in Old English. The LoI noted that Kingdom had intended to change the byname to Wildehara (a typo caused the change to not be made to the header on the LoI). Wildehara combines the elements meaning 'wild' and 'hare'. Siren found examples of similarly constructed bynames in Middle English:
However, while these examples support a byname such as Wildehare in Middle English, these examples do not demonstrate a similar naming pattern in Old English. Lacking such evidence, Wildehara is not registerable as a byname in Old English. Gösta Tengvik, Old English Bynames (p. 358 s.n. Wilde), dates Wilde to 1066 and Wild to the Domesday Book. Since the submitter requested authenticity for 9th C Saxon and allowed any changes, we have changed this name to Hlothere Wilde in order to make this name authentic for Anglo-Saxon England and to partially comply with the submitter's request for authenticity. Since we were not able to document these name elements specifically to the 9th C due to the scarcity of surviving Old English records, we were unable to confirm that this name is completely authentic for the submitter's requested time period. [Hlothere Wilde, 11/2002, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.11 | There was some question regarding whether this byname needed to be Ælfgares sunu to match the submitted documentation, which dated the form Ælfgares sunu to 1049-58 in Gösta Tengvik, Old English Bynames (p. 149 s.n. Ælfgares sunu). Tengvik dates Æðelfand Æðelmæres sune to c. 1006 (p. 150 s.n. Æðelmæres sune) and Lefstan Coccesune to 1087-98 (p. 153 s.n. Coccesune). Given these examples, the submitted Ælfgaressune is a valid variant of the documented Ælfgares sunu. [Earnwulf Ælfgaressune, 11/2002, A-Trimaris] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.10 | Submitted as Stowe on the Wald, Canton of, this name combined the Middle English Stowe on the with the Old English Wald. As a placename is a single name phrase, the submitted form was in violation of RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name element. Mills (s.n. Stow, Stowe) dates Stowe on the Olde to 1574. Speed's The Counties of Britain (p. 83, map of Gloucestershire, map dated to 1610) lists Stowe on y(e) wowld ("(e)" represents a superscript 'e'). We have changed Wald to Wowld to make the entire name Middle English in order to register the name. [Stowe on the Wowld, Canton of, 10/2002, A-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.10 | The byname Æt Gytingbroc is not properly constructed. Metron Ariston explains:
There is a problem here since not only would we expect the lower case in the preposition but also correct grammar. The preposition æt takes a dative noun and the expected dative of the place name would be Gytingbroce. (The final "e" is the mark of the dative singular for strong nouns like broc.) The Letter of Intent, however, indicates that the submitter will not allow such a change. As the submitter allowed only a change from Æt to æt, if necessary, and allowed no other changes, we were unable to correct the grammar of the byname in order to register this name. [Hrothgar Æt Gytingbroc, 10/2002, R-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | This name combines the Anglo-Saxon given name Willoc with the Scots byname Dulglass. Combining Anglo-Saxon and Scots in a name is not registerable (per the ruling for Dunno Jamesson in the March 2002 LoAR). [Willoc Dulglass, 09/2002 LoAR, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | Basecg was only documented from Savage's The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles, which is a modern translation. Metron Ariston found information regarding this name:
So Bagsecg and Bachsecg are Old English forms of the name of a Norse prince who died in 871. This submission combines this given name with the byname von Basel, which is Middle High German. Lacking evidence that mixing Old English and Middle High German is plausible in a single name, this combination is not registerable. As the submitter indicated that sound was most important, he may be interested in the option found by Hund:
As the submitter only allowed minor changes, we were unable to change this name to the German form suggested by Hund in order to register this name. [Basecg von Basel, 09/2002 LoAR, R-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | Submitted as Ælfric gylðir, the submitter requested authenticity for 11th C Norse. As submitted, this name combined an Anglo-Saxon given name with an Old Norse byname. Given the amount of contact, a name mixing Old English and Old Norse is registerable with a weirdness. Regarding authenticity, though, in period this name would have been written all in Old English or all in Old Norse depending upon the language of the document. Argent Snail found an Old Norse form of the given name:
We have changed the given name to the form documented by Argent Snail to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Alfric gylðir, 08/2002, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | Submitted as Axel Haroldsson, the submitter allowed any changes. He specified 8th to 11th C "Scandanavian[sic] Dansk Norge Svenska" in the authenticity section but noted that he did not wish changes to make his name authentic.
As submitted, the byname Haroldsson used the English name Harold in an Old Norse patronymic form. As such, it violated RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a single name element. Heralds attending the decision meeting at Pennsic found the byname Harolds�n dated to 1424 in Sveriges Medeltida Personnamn (vol. 11, column 118, s.n. Harald). This is the closest form found to the submitted byname. We have changed the byname to this form in order to register this name. Argent Snail noted that "Lind dates Axel in this spelling to 1366, while Sveriges Medeltida Personnamn dates this spelling of Axel to 1397 and 1398." So, Axel Harolds�n is a fine name for late 14th C or early 15th C Swedish. Regarding the time period and culture in which the submitter noted an interest, Geirr Bassi (p. 8) lists the given name Áskell, and (p. 11) Haraldr. From this information, an authentic Old Norse name appropriate for the submitter's desired time period would be Áskell Haraldsson. As the submitter noted he did not wish changes to make his name authentic for this time and culture, we have made the minimum changes necessary in order to register this name. [Axel Harolds�n, 08/2002, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | This name combines an Irish Gaelic given name dated from the 8th to 11th C with an Old English byname. Olof von Feilitzen, The pre-Conquest Personal names of the Domesday Book [sic], p. 30, says of Irish names that appear in the Domesday book:
Some of the given names in the Domesday Book that he identifies as referring to Irish names are: Fyach (p. 251 s.n. Fíacc), Gilemicel and Ghilemicel (p. 261 s.n. Gillemicel), Gilepatric and Ghilepatric (p. 261 Gillepatric), and Melmidoc (p. 323 s.n. Maelmaedhog). It is important to note that these forms are not Gaelic spellings, but Old English renderings of Gaelic names. Given these examples, mixing Gaelic and Old English in a name is registerable, though there is a weirdness for mixing the orthographies of Old English and Gaelic. [Eithne of Cantwaraburg, 08/2002, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.07 | As submitted, this name had two weirdnesses. Ulf was documented as an Anglo-Saxon given name dated to 960 and 1080. The byname de Frisbois was documented as a French byname dating to c. 1420-1459. Therefore, this name had one weirdness for a lingual mix of Old English and French, and a second weirdness for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years but less than 1000 years. Argent Snail provided alternate documentation for the given name:
This documentation removes the weirdness for temporal disparity. Additionally, if Ulf is considered as an English name under the Fellows Jensen example from 1285, the lingual weirdness is removed as mixing English and French in a name does not carry a weirdness. [Ulf de Fribois, 07/2002, A-Drachenwald] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.05 | The submitter requested authenticity for 10th C Saxon and allowed minor changes. The byname Kyndheir was documented as dating to 1332 in Jan Jönsjö, Studies on Middle English Nicknames, vol. 1, Compounds, which gives the meaning of the byname as 'kind or natural heir'. Metron Ariston found that the English word heir derives from French and so is unlikely to have a 10th C Saxon form:
From this information, Lewen Kyndheir would be an authentic 14th C English form of this name. However, lacking evidence of a 10th C Saxon form of the byname Kyndheir, we were unable to make this name authentic for the submitter's desired time and culture. [Leofwynn Kyndheir, 05/2002, A-Æthelmearc] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.05 | Alureda was submitted as a hypothetical feminine form of Alured, which is dated to 1066 in Withycombe (s.n. Alfred). However, Alured is a form of the Old English name Ælfweard. In Old English, feminine names were not formed by simply adding 'a' to the end of a masculine given name. Therefore, Alureda is not a plausible construction.
The LoI noted that "[i]f the name must be changed, the submitter cares most about the sound of the name, 'similar to "Allura"'." The LoI also inquired about the November 1993 registration of Aluuara O'Reilly. Aluuara is a plausible documentary form of the Old English feminine given name Ælfwaru, which Searle (p. 24) dates from c. 990 to 1012. Searle (p. 520) lists Uluuara and Uluara as variants of the Old English feminine name Wulfwaru. Following these examples, Aluuara and Aluara are plausible forms of Ælfwaru. The w to uu switch is typical of documentary forms of the period and would still have been pronounced as a w. Since the second form is closer to the submitter's requested form, we have changed the given name to this form in order to register the name. [Aluara Hesel, 05/2002, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.05 | Submitted as William bogsveigir, the submitter requested an authentic "masculine 11th Century Danelaw" name and allowed any changes. His desired meaning was 'William the archer'. William was documented from Reaney & Wilson (s.n. Williams) which date Henry Fitz William to 1300. bogsveigir was documented from Geirr Bassi (p. 20) as an Old Norse byname meaning 'bow-swayer, archer'. Metron Ariston provided commentary on the forms of this name:
We have changed this name to the form recommended by Metron Ariston to meet the submitter's requested time and culture. [Willelm Bogamann, 05/2002, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.05 | This name combines two elements with similar meanings. No documentation was provided and none was found that such a combination is plausible. The element aerie came into English from French. In English, the meaning 'area, feeding place for animals' is dated to 1581 for aerie in Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary (p. 60 s.n. aerie). (The meanings cited in the LoI were from the etymology section of the OED entry, rather than the meaning section.) The element gard derives from the Old English geard, meaning 'enclosure'. Therefore, the constructed Aeriesgard combines two elements that describe specific areas of land. In placenames that contain the element -geard, the protheme specifically indicates what items (plants, animals, etc.) that is in the area being enclosed. Some examples include Bromyard 'broom enclosure', Bruisyard 'cottage enclosure' or 'farmer enclosure', Rudyard 'rue enclosure' or '[type of fish] enclosure', and Plungar 'plum-tree enclosure'. The constructed Aeriesgard, which would mean 'area enclosure', does not match this construction pattern. [Aeriesgard, Shire of, 05/2002, R-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.04 | Aldrhund was submitted as being constructed from the protheme ald 'old' and the deuterotheme hund 'hound'. The College found evidence that such a construction is not only plausible but existed. Metron Ariston found the following support for Aldhund:
No documentation was found to support the 'r' in the submitted Aldrhund. As the submitter allowed no changes, we were unable to drop this letter in order to register the name. [Einarr Aldrhund, 04/2002, R-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.04 | Submitted as Tostig Scelga, no documentation was provided and none was found for unmarked locatives in Old English. We have added atte in order to register this name. [Tostig atte Scelga, 04/2002, A-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.04 | Submitted as Byrhtwynn aet Cwenengrafa, the submitter requested authenticity for 7th to 9th C Anglo-Saxon and allowed minor changes. The byname was submitted as a constructed locative which the submitter wished to mean 'at Grove of the Women'.
Since the submitter requested authenticity, we have changed the preposition from the transliteration aet to the standard Anglo-Saxon form æt. The submitted Cwenengrafa was constructed from cwen meaning both 'queen' and 'woman' and græfa 'grove'. Anglo-Saxon grammar can be complicated. In this case, small changes result in dramatically different meanings. Metron Ariston provided an explanation of these issues:
The submitter's desired meaning was 'at Grove of the Women'. So, 'women' is plural and 'grove' is singular in her desired meaning. That would match the plural genitive form æt Cwenagræfan provided by Metron Ariston. We have made this change to make the byname match the submitter's desired meaning. Since cwen means both 'queen' and 'woman', this byname also means 'at the women's grove'. [Byrhtwynn æt Cwenagræfan, 04/2002, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.03 | Submitted as Dunno Jameson, Dunno was submitted as a hypothetical Old English given name based on Dunne and Dunna, which are listed in Black (p. 227 s.n. Dun) as undated forms of an Old English given name. Metron Ariston found that Dunno existed as an ablative form of the given name (nominative form) Dun or Dunn:
A single example of Dunno as a nominative form has been found in Olof von Feilitizen, The pre-Conquest Personal names of the Domesday Book (p. 228 s.n. Dunna). This is sufficient documentation to register Dunno in a given name position, which requires the nominative case. There is a second issue with this name. Jameson was documented as Scots from Black (p. 382 s.n. Jameson). Old English existed in approximately the same time period as Old Norse. The earliest surviving examples of Scots (a language closely resembling English) date to the late 14th century. Mixing Old Norse and Scots in a name is not registerable: Submitted as Ùlfarr MacVanis, he requested an authentic Norse/Scots name. The combination of an Old Norse given name and an Anglicized Scots patronymic had too severe a temporal disparity. We have therefore changed the spelling of the given name to medieval Norwegian. (Ulvar MacVanis, Lochac-A, LoAR 07/2000) Similarly, mixing Old English and Scots in a name is as unregisterable for the same reason. Reaney & Wilson (p. 252 s.n. Jameson) date William Jamesson to 1379 and John Jameson to 1440. Mixing Old English and Middle English in a name is registerable, though it is a weirdness (see Saxsa Corduan, LoAR of October 2001). Since Dunno is documented from the Domesday Book, it is dated to 1086. Since the spelling Jamesson is dated to 1379, combining these two elements avoids a weirdness for temporal disparity since they are dated less than 300 years apart, leaving only a single weirdness for lingual mix of Old English and Middle English in a name. As the submitter allows major changes, we have changed Jameson (documented as Scots) to Jamesson (documented as English dated to 1379) in order to register this name. [Dunno Jamesson, 03/2002, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.03 | Submitted as Gabrielle de Brandune, the submitter requested authenticity for 15th to 16th C. As submitted, this name combined a 16th C French given name and a 10th C Old English byname. There is one weirdness for the lingual mix of French and Old English and a second weirdness for a temporal disparity greater than 300 years. Therefore, the submitted form of the name was not registerable. In order to register this name, we have changed the spelling of the byname to de Brandon, which is dated to 1379 in Bardsley (p. 129 s.n. Brandon). [Gabrielle de Brandon, 03/2002, A-Drachenwald] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.02 | Mixing Old English and Middle English in a single name was ruled a weirdness in the LoAR of October 2001 (s.n. Saxsa Corduan). [Eadweard Boise the Wright,02/02, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.01 | This name is registerable as a mix of Old English and Middle English. It would be more authentic in a fully Old English form (Ælfred se leof) or a fully Middle English form (Alfred þe Lef). [Ælfred þe Lef, 01/02, A-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.01 | Listed on the LoI as Æthelwynn Rædwulfsdohter, the forms listed Æthelwynn Rædwulfesdohter. As Metron Ariston explains, "The -es suffix is standard for the genitive in Anglo-Saxon and -dohtor is the usual feminine patronymic". Therefore, we have returned the spelling of the byname to the submitted form. [Æthelwynn Rædwulfesdohter, 01/02, A-Trimaris] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.12 | Listed on the LoI as Ethelfleda Davidsdohter, the name was originally submitted as Ethelfleda Davidsdottir. David was documented as English and -dottir as Old Norse, so it was changed at kingdom to be lingually consistent. Metron Ariston found that Geirr Bassi (p. 9) lists Dávíð as a Norse name. Therefore, Dávíðsdóttir is a reasonable patronymic in Old Norse. As Old Norse names may use or not use accents, we have left them off. Mixing Old English and Old Norse is a weirdness. [Ethelfleda Daviðsdottir, 12/01, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.12 | No evidence was provided and none was found to indicate that Eran- is an alternative spelling of the protheme æren. "A" and "e" are not usually interchangeable in Anglo-Saxon. [Eranric of Devon, 12/01, R-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.11 | This submission is being returned for lack of documentation of Erbesweald. The LoI documents Earbesweald [sic] as Old English translation-'Herbal Forest'. Not intended to be real location.. No documentation was provided and the College found none that 'Herbal Forest' is a reasonable placename in Old English. Regardless of whether or not the submitted Erbesweald is intended to be a real place, it is included in this name as a placename and so must be documentable as such. Without such evidence, this name is not registerable. [Aethelind of Erbesweald, 11/01, R-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.10 | There is a weirdness for mixing elements whose spellings are only documented as Old English (Saxsa) and Middle English (Corduan). As there are no other weirdnesses in this name, it is registerable. [Saxsa Corduan, 10/01, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.09 | [Ærn-] The submitter requested a feminine name. Searle cross-references Ærn- to Earn where the form Earn is dated to 484 as a masculine given name. Therefore this name, while registerable, does not match the submitter's requested gender. [Ærne Clover, 09/01, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.08/TD> | Submitted as Swanesdæl, this element violates RfS III.1.a since it combines the Middle English Swanes- with the Old English -dæl, combining two incompatible elements in the same placename. [Edith of Swanesdale, 08/01, A-West] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.04 | [Wælsinges Hus] ... submitted as Hûs Wælsinges � The argument was made that the submission conflicts with the Wælsinges of Beowulf, which indeed were used as documentation. However, they don't have their own entry in general encyclopaedias, and the opinion of the College was sufficiently mixed that we don't feel compelled to protect them despite this. A similar argument was made about the Volsunga. However, it does not matter whether they are important enough to protect, as translations of a name do not by default conflict with each other. We feel that the difference in this case is, while close to the limit, still significant enough. The documentation for the name is scanty, but the Wælsinges of Beowulf were human; also, Ekwall (s.n. Walsingham) notes that the names of Great and Little Walsingham in Norfolk are derived from the name. We have changed the word order and removed the modern vowel length mark to be consistent with period usage. [Lupus of Arundel, 04/00, A-Caid] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.02 | Submitted as Hrothgar Hrothgarsson, Hrothgar is the Anglo-Saxon form of the name so cannot be used with Norse grammar.[ Hróðgierr Hróðgierson, 02/00, A-Artemisia] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.11 | ... there is no evidence that unmarked patronymics were used in Old English names. [Æðelwulf Omundes sunu, 11/99, A-Trimaris] |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.09 | [Sigrid de la Mare] Found on the LoI as Sigerith de la Mare, it was originally submitted as Sigrid De la Mare, and changed in kingdom. Documentation has been presented for Sigrid as a likely form since Von Feilitzen's The Pre-Conquest Names of Domesday Book, p. 364, shows the forms Sigreda, Segrid and Segrida. [9/98] (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR September 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.03 | [Æileua æt Wilchetone] Submitted as Æileua aet Wilchetone, to be consistent, when the æ is used in one part of the name, it must be used in the other. We have corrected the name accordingly. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR March 1998, p. 1) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.08 | [Cynric y Tarianlas ap Moran ap Cadog] This combines Old English, Welsh and Irish in the same name which, barring evidence of such combinations in period, is too unlikely to be registered. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR August 1997, pp. 21-22) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.08 | [Dëordaeg av Dunnon] This name is being returned for non-period style. It combines an unattested Old English forename of unknown gender, complete with modern editorial diacritic marking, a modern Norwegian preposition, and an atypical 13th c. spelling of a Scottish place-name. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR August 1997, p. 22) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.04 | The submitter wanted an Anglo-Saxon name meaning House Ostentiousness. However, this name in either English or Anglo-Saxon, does not follow any period exemplars for Household names. RfS III.2.b.iv. notes that "Household names must follow the patterns of period names of organized groups of people. Possible models include Scottish clans (Clan Stewart), ruling dynasties (House of Anjou), professional guilds (Baker's Guild of Augsburg, Worshipful Company of Coopers), military units (The White Company), and inns (House of the White Hart)." (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR April 1997, p. 18) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1996.06 | [returning the given name Tyrack] The name is being returned for incorrect construction. Most names constructed from ill-attested `themes' given by Searle don't work. (Tyrack of Trinlyr, 9/96 p. 16) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1996.03 | [Wulfric Gylðir] The combination of Old English and Old Norse can probably be justified for the Danelaw, though the available evidence suggests that such spellings as Ulfric and Wlfric (probably representing Old Swedish or Old Danish Ulfrik) were the norm. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR March 1996, p. 8) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1996.02 | [Eadwine Rune-Deniga] No evidence has been presented that kennings and other poetic expressions were used as bynames. Previous returns for this reason involved Old Norse names, but the limited evidence available for Old English bynames suggests that they were equally down-to-earth. We are therefore returning this name and broadening the precedent to include Old English as well as Old Norse bynames. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR February 1996, p. 18) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.05 | [registering the epithet Hæweneage] [Ælfgar Hæweneage] Submitted as Ælfgar Haewen Eagen, all of the period exemplars of similar names are compounded into a single word. Jönsjö has a number of compounds of the form <color>+<eye>, again always as a single word and always with "eye" in the singular. The submitted form is using the plural eagan, where the singular eage is better supported by the historical examples. The OE noun eage `eye' is neuter. The adjective will be in the indefinite declension here and in the nominative singular neuter, so it will receive no ending. The byname would then be hæweneage, which we have registered. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR May 1995, pp. 1-2) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.02 | [William Bruce] Submitted as William Ethelwulf Bruce, Ethelwulf is entirely out of place in the remainder of the name. (Please remember, Anglo-Saxon and 17th Century English are two entirely different languages. We have dropped the problematic element in order to register the name. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR February 1995 p. 7) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.10 | A combination of an Old English forename with what can only be a fairly late English form of an Irish surname is too far from period practice. [The name was returned.] (Wege Teague, 10/94 p. 12) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.10 | The modern English form of the Irish patronym is entirely inconsistent with an Old English given name. [The name was returned.] (Beornheard O'Dea, 10/94 p. 14) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1993.12b | No one could document or justify the construction of Elkeheorte as a placename or even as a sign name, which it would need to be with "of". Additionally, this particular combination is a mixture of early modern English and old English, which is not permissible. [12a/93, p.16] |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1993.01 | There was some controversy as to whether Ælfra is a valid Anglo-Saxon name. Certainly Ælf- is a documented prototheme; Searle ( Onomasticon Anglosaxonicum) cites -ra as a deuterotheme, giving Burra and Ceolra as examples of its use. Searle's scholarship has been questioned by modern authorities, but it seems that Bur- is a valid prototheme as well, a variant spelling of Burg-, Burh-: there is at least one example of its use, Burric. This lends credence to Burra being a thematic name --- and -ra a valid deuterotheme. At any rate, I am willing to give it the benefit of the doubt in this case. (Ælfra Long, January, 1993, pg. 9) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1992.06 | [<Name> Gildwynsson] "<Name> is a feminine given name and could not be used in a mixed gender name (in other words, she cannot be Gildwyn's son)." [Note that does not seem consistent with practices that would register, for example, 'Ann Williamson.' The implication is that because the name is entirely Old English, the patronymic would not have been an inherited surname of Gildwynsson (which is gender-neutral because it is inherited), but would have actually translated to <Name>, Gildwyn's daughter.] (LoAR 6/92 p.20). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1992.02 | [Cwenwyn] "Given the many attestations of 'Cwen' both alone and as a protheme in Period, I believe that we should give it the same allowance that we do the name Regina: so long as it is not used in a name in such a way as to imply landedness, it will be acceptable for registration." (LoAR 2/92 p.12). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.12 | [Cwenhere] "The given mixes a feminine prototheme with a masculine deterotheme. Such a construction is impossible by the rules by which Old English names were constructed." (LoAR 12/91 p.16). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.11 | [Kelwin] "Lady Harpy suggests a logical derivation from the Anglo-Saxon Ceolwine." (LoAR 11/91 p.5). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (1st year of 1st tenure) | 1990.07 | [Leornung-has] "This is an appropriate Anglo-Saxon alternate for 'College'." (LoAR 7/90 p.4). |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1989.05.24 | The usual Anglo-Saxon feminine patronymic ending was "dohtor". (LoAR 24 May 87, p. 8) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1988.10.30 | As the given name was English, we felt that it was proper to use the Old English form of the patronymic [Beornsson] which is closer in sound to the form submitted [Bjornsson]. [The Norse form is Bjarnarson] (LoAR 30 Oct 88, p. 3) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1988.05.29 | [Aelf] A search through Redin [Studies in Uncompounded Personal Names In Old English] ..., revealed that he cites (p. 3) at least one "Aelf diacon" (i.e., "Aelf the deacon") who appears in the documents included in Kemble's edition Codex diplomaticus aevi Saxonici. Given the source and the occupation of the person bearing the name, we must assume this to be a legitimate formal use of the name by a human! (LoAR 29 May 88, p. 16) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1988.02.21 | Old English did not randomly pull elements from its linguistic resources for name construction: there was a fixed and rather restrictive pool of elements in use. (LoAR 21 Feb 88, p. 14) |
| Baldwin of Erebor | 1986.07.07 | Anglo-Saxon given names are dithematic: they are formed of a first element called the protheme, and a second element called the deuterotheme. These elements, or themes, are drawn from a pool of words used for the purpose of forming names. Although many themes possess some kind of meaning, they are not "words" per se; you will not find them by picking a noun and an adjective at random from an Anglo-Saxon dictionary. [BoE, 7 Jul 86, p.13] |
| Baldwin of Erebor | 1985.04.14 | It is true that most Anglo-Saxons had only one name. It is also true that if two people with the same given name lived in the same area, they would have acquired distinguishing bynames. Because of the size of the SCA (which covers considerably more territory than did the average Anglo-Saxon community), we must assume that there will eventually be someone else with the same given name; we provide for this by obtaining bynames in advance, before the need arises. (It is not enough to distinguish only the later ones. Owain could apply equally well to anyone with that name; but within our purview, there will be only one Owain the Stout.) [BoE, 14 Apr 85, p.14] |