APPROVALS

26 JULY XXII (1987)

KINGDOM OF ANSTEORRA

Ansteorra, Kingdom of. Heraldic title. Ave Herald.

Ansteorra, Kingdom of. Release of heraldic title for Stellar Scroll Pursuivant.

Ansteorra, Kingdom of. Heraldic title. Wakeforest Pursuivant.

Ansteorra, Kingdom of. Heraldic title. Zodiacus Pursuivant

KINGDOM OF ATENVELDT

Ælfred Olafson. Name and device. Azure, two helms respectant Or and a ram's skull affronty argent.

Beorhtraed Sifrisdohtor. Name and device. Per pale argent and azure, an escallop inverted within an orle of escallops, all counterchanged.

Beorhtraed Sifrisdohtor. Badge. Per pale argent and azure, an escallop inverted within a bordure, all counterchanged.

Christiana Febronia. Name and device. Azure, a bat-winged sea-unicorn passant to sinister argent within a bordure invected Or.

The name was submitted as Carina Febronia. Although Yonge shows Karina as a Danish form of Katharine, the tables in which the name appears contain a number of forms which are documented diminutives (e.g. Reta and Greta) and other evidence indicates that Carina or Karina is a diminutive form. We have therefore substituted her mundane name, which is a period Scandinavian name, as it happens.

Cullen Haley Dunmore. Name and device. Quarterly Or and argent, a bull rampant sable within a bordure embattled gules.

The name was submitted as Cullen Haley McDunmore. Since Dunmore is a geographic name (from "Dun Mor"), the patronymic has been dropped.

Derek Fairhair. Name and device. Per bend sinister argent and gules, a bend sinister embattled sable between two foxes' masks counterchanged.

Einar of Wealhhnutu. Name and device. Per pale wavy sable and gules, in saltire a sword inverted proper and an axe Or, hafted argent, and in base a rose Or, barbed and seeded vert.

Genevieve nic an Cheannai. Device. Per pale gules, purpure and azure, a unicorn passant reguardant and a bordure argent.

Roselyn Coughlan. Change of name from Roselyn of Wealhhnutu.

The name was submitted as Roselyn of Coughlan. When the holding name was created, it was suggested that the submittor use a documented name, such as Coughlan and she seems to have misunderstood this. Coughlan is not a place name so "of" has been deleted.

Sine of Wealhhnutu. Name and device. Azure, in pale a monkey salient and a rose Or, barbed and seeded vert, all within a bordure embattled Or.

Wylliam of Carterhaugh. Name and device. Vair, an annulet interlaced with a saltire, parted and fretted, sable.

KINGDOM OF ATLANTIA

Atlantia, Kingdom of. Heraldic title. Dolmen Pursuivant.

Bright Hills, Shire of. Name only.

Charles of the Red Oakes. Device. Argent, a chevron raguly sable between three acorns, slipped and leaved, gules.

Ginger of the White Mist. Holding name and badge for the Free Company of the White Mist. Per pale sable and argent, a helmed, gauntletted and booted man, affronty and hands raised above the head, holding in dexter hand a sword and in sinister hand a bow counterchanged.

The submission was made under the name Gillain Clayshaper, which was previously returned.

James Christian. Device. Quarterly vert and argent, a cross bottonny between in bend two pheons inverted counterchanged.

Ohashi Katsutoshi. Name only.

KINGDOM OF CAID

Althaea della Terra di Rugiada. Name only.

Angels, Barony of the. Release of badge. Per fess gules and sable, a pair of herald's staves argent.

Angels, Barony of the. Release of badge. Per fess gules and sable, a celtic cross humetty formy argent.

Angels, Barony of the. Release of badge. Per fess gules and sable, a sword argent.

Angels, Barony of the. Release of badge. Per fess gules and sable, a mace argent.

Angels, Barony of the. Release of badge. Per fess gules and sable, a key argent.

Arnold Weissdrache. Name only.

Aurora Panthera. Device. Argent, a wyvern erect sable, breathing flames gules, in chief two fleurs-de-lys, all within an orle sable.

Dana O'Lawler. Name and device. Per pale azure and gules, a horse courant to sinister reguardant between three birch trees eradicated argent.

Luciana d'Avignon. Name and device. Per chevron inverted purpure and Or, a swan naiant affronty, wings displayed Or, and three roses purpure, barbed and seeded proper.

The name was submitted as Dashive Luciana d'Avignon, stated to be "made-up" to sound French. It does not, however, conform to the normal rules for given name formation in French. With the best will in the world, noone in the College could document any form really similar to this and so we have dropped "Dashive" from the name.

Domhnull Donnochadh o Dun Mor. Name and device. Per pale argent and sable, a griffin segreant, maintaining a sword within a bordure, all counterchanged.

John Wayfarer. Name only.

Sebastian de Grey. Badge for Owlwycke Priory. Per bend sinister argent and sable, an owl affronty sable and a lamp reversed argent, enflamed Or.

The common post-Dissolution usage in England of Placename + "Priory" for a non-religious house built on the site of a former religious establishment has been used in the past to justify such names. As the badge does not reflect excessive religious imagery, we felt this name was acceptable. (However, it also seems necessary to correct a misapprehension in the Letter of Intent where it was stated that "a priory, unlike its parent abbey, has no territory jurisdiction. . ." We could go on for hours on this subject [and have been known to!] but will quote one of the briefer sources: "An abbey is a monastery whose head was a monk with the rank of abbot. . . A priory was ruled by a prior. In purpose and function, in number of monks and size of buildings there need be no visible difference, although generally an abbey tends to be the larger establishment, suitable to the higher status of its superior, but this is not necessarily so. In the great monastic order of Cluny, for example, only the original house. . .of that name was an abbey, all the offshoots or daughter-houses were priories, even though many exceeded abbeys of other orders in size, wealth and importance." [Stewart Cruden, Scottish Abbeys: An Introduction to the medieval Abbeys and Priories of Scotland, p. 3].

Sheilah of the Fens. Name and device. Per pale azure and Or, two harps conjoined at the soundboards within a bordure counterchanged.

This would be ever so much better were the harps not conjoined!

Stephen of Huntington. Name only.

KINGDOM OF MERIDIES

Ana Ashford. Badge (see RETURNS for household name). Azure, a winged lion rampant guardant, wings displayed, between in cross four estoiles, all Or.

Arrienne Lenorra Ashford. Name only (see RETURNS for household name and badge).

In fact, these are not really "valid" variant spellings of Arianna and Lenore. They are, however, not so aberrant that we felt justified in returning the name. It should be pointed out to the lady that the twentieth-century urge to have a "unique" name borne by no other person (or at the least spelled alike by no other person) was not at all a period tendency: spelling variants in period occurred largely because of dialectic differences in pronunciation, not because someone "thought it looked better that way". EOR [End of Rant].

Beau Fort, Shire of. Name and device. Or, on a pale sable, a fleur-de-lys Or, overall a laurel wreath counterchanged, on a chief urdy sable, three mullets Or.

The name was submitted as Beau Fortin. However, the petition from the group which was included in the submission packet indicated that the group did not wish a diminutive form, so the name has been appropriately modified.

Bjorn MacGregor. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Charles Gladney. Name and device. Azure, in saltire a sword inverted and a thistle, slipped and leaved, both surmounted by a single-horned anvil, all within a bordure argent.

Ecgwulf of Aegelesthrep. Name and device. Argent, a bend cotised azure, overall an eagle stooping gules.

Fiona Mairi MacQuarrie. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Geoffrey Donne of Taunton. Name only.

Godfrey of Lyons. Name and device. Purpure, ermined, a lion's head erased and a chief nebuly Or.

Hays of Border Vale Keep. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per pale argent and azure, a mullet of four greater and twelve lesser points between in bend two tankards within a bordure counterchanged.

The submission was made under the name of Hastar the Barbarian.

Ketra Nichtgale Bran atte Mos. Name only (see RETURNS for household name and badge).

The name was submitted as Ketra Nichtgale Brannummoss. The given name is a reasonable variant of the Biblical name "Keturah" (not of Katharine, as stated on the letter of intent). THe spelling of nightingale here is almost identical to that cited by Reaney from the twelfth century ("Nichtegale"). However, the proposed last name could not be justified so we have used the documented alternative provided by the submittor.

Marlise von Bernhardt. Name and device. Vert, on a pile azure, fimbriated, a triquetra inverted Or, all within a bordure Or.

KINGDOM OF THE MIDDLE

Arabella Silvana. Name and device. Per chevron azure and gules, in chief a compass star between two martlets volant respectant and in base a goblet argent.

At the time that the submission for Amalia Silvana, alluded to in the letter of intent, was made the only commentary in the College focused on the use of the name for the Roman god Silvanus. The heavy burden of submissions in that month kept the Laurel staff from some of the usual additional name research. Evidence presented in conjunction with this submission caused us to return to Reaney to seek less obvious headings under which this name might appear (Silvan or Sylvan having drawn a blank in November). Indeed, under the primary listing of "Sauvain" (p. 307), Reaney lists a number of variant spellings used in period, both as given names and as a family name derived from Old French "salvagin", including a citation of one Robertus Seluenus from the first third of the twelfth century. In view of this, the name must be considered eminently reasonable.

Arianwen ferch Morgan Fychan of Caer Llefelys. Name and device. Sable, a crescent argent between seven oak leaves in annulo, all within an orle Or.

The name was submitted Arianwen Morgana Fychan of Caer Llewelys. As the submittor's documentation allowed modifications and suggested an affinity with Morgan Fychan, we have modified the name to form a Welsh patronymic. This not only removes the anomaly of the double given name, but also removes any need for mutation of the Fychan after a feminine noun. No documentation could be found for the name "Llewelys", but a name of almost identical pronunciation appears as the name of the King of France in the medieval tale of Lludd a Llefelys. By modifying the place name the claim to descent from the historical Morgan Fychan is diminished to the point of invisibility and removes the possibility of claim of membership in the already existing household of Caer Llewellyn cited by Crescent.

Avelyn of Brodick. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Ayesha of Caer Anterth. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Or, on a pile inverted azure, a goat's head erased argent, on a chief azure three bezants.

The name was submitted as Ayesha Menseyah.

Bealdgar Thurbeornsson. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

The name was submitted as Belgar Thorbjornsson. Since the submittor's paperwork allowed modifications and he indicated that he was attempting to form an Old English name, we used the nearest documented Old English thematic components to form the given name and used the documented Old English equivalent of the Norse Thorbjorn to form the patronymic.

Bianca Rosamund. Name only.

Bjorn Strongarm of Illiton. Name only.

Bran Donn of the Cleftlands. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Argent, within a mascle a raven volant bendwise, all within a bordure potenty sable.

The submission was made under the name of Brandon Dubhchad. The initial paperwork allowed no changes to the name, but a letter attached to the paperwork indicated that Bran Donn could be used so we felt justified in assuming that the submittor would wish a holding name to be assigned in order to allow passage of the device.

Brenainn O'Murchadha de Ros Comain. Badge for Brendan O'Morchoe of Roscommon. A cloth bag Or, knotted purpure, issuant from a rent in sinister a stream of salt grains argent.

Brendan MacUilliam. Name and device. Vert, on a bend between two trefoils Or, three celtic harps palewise vert.

The name was submitted as Brendan MacLiam. As Liam is a modern diminutive form, we changed the patronymic to derive it from the period radical form "Uilliam".

Cainneachán Vairé. Badge. Or, a triquetra azure.

Colum of Stonehold. Name only.

David Keth of Ercildoun. Name and device. Argent, on a chevron wavy between three pairs of quills in saltire sable, a wolf passant guardant argent.

Drew of Galmoy. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Quarterly Or and sable, a griffin and a dragon combattant counterchanged.

This was submitted under the name of Dryw Gabhalmhaoth. The holding name was formed by taking the nearest appropriate given name and the documented English equivalent form of the stated Gaelic place name.

Georgia the Pragmatic of Clyffmarsh. Name only.

Giacomo Frisinghelli. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Gregory of Septentria. Name only.

Grimwulf the Hairy. Name and device. Vert, seme of fers-a-loup inverted argent, a panther incensed erminois.

Guillaume le Fort. Badge. Chequy gules and argent, a ram passant to sinister sable, maintaining with the sinister foreleg a bill bendwise Or.

Although one or two commentors found a perverse religious allusion here (to the Paschal lamb), we thought it more reminiscent of the "Black Sheep Squadron". Neither allusion is excessive.

Hallfrídr Throndardottir. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

The name was submitted as Hallfridr Throndrsdottir.The patronymic has been corrected as the lady's paperwork allowed.

James Foxston of Stone Heath. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

The letter of intent had James Foxston of the Stone Heath, but the paperwork omitted the article and we had to assume that this was the submittor's intent.

Jeames Blaunkheort. Name and device. Gules, on a chevron nebuly Or between three stags trippant argent, three caltraps sable.

The caltraps should be drawn palewise.

Katherine von Schlosserwald. Badge for House Yew Bend. Per bend sinister azure and bendy sinister of six Or and vert, in dexter chief a brazier argent, filled with flames of fire proper.

Please ask her to draw the brazier properly and make sure that the flames are proper, i.e. gules at the center and Or on the outside since they will be placed on the azure portion of the field.

Katrina of South Tower. Name and device. Argent three chevronels gules between three ivy leaves in fess vert and a tower sable.

The letter of intent blazoned the tower as "masoned argent", but the emblazon did not have this detail.

Kleitomachos of Amyclae. Name only.

The name was submitted as Kleitomacho of Amyclae, which is incorrect in form. As the submittor desired, it has been corrected to the proper Greek form.

Mara Gabirol. Name and device. Or, two crabs tergiant in fess purpure.

Mary Elizabeth Silvana. Name and device. Per bend wavy purpure and gules, a lily, slipped and leaved, argent and a horseshoe inverted Or.

Micheal von Rosenau. Badge. Argent, an owl displayed azure maintaining a rose fesswise gules, slipped and leaved vert.

Mimi of Rokkehealden. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Purpure, a hand issuant from sinister and holding a lotus argent, slipped vert.

The submission was made under the name Kumari Kamala.

Monika z Gniezno. Name and device. Per chevron Or and vert, two frogs sejant erect respectant and a clarion counterchanged.

Nathan of Windhaven. Name and device. Azure, a pall inverted invected between three ram's heads cabossed argent.

Please ask him to draw the invecting properly: the older members of the Laurel staff were strongly reminded of the plastic pop beads so common in the late fifties.

Ness O'Murchadha. Name only.

The name was submitted as Nessa O'Murchadha. According to the evidence of O Corrain and Maguire (Gaelic Personal Names, p. 145) "Neassa" or "Nessa" is the genitive form of the name (hence the allusion to Conchobar mac Nessa). We have therefore substituted the nominative form.

Philip Trevor of Breckenglade. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Reynard the Brown. Badge for Refsheim. Argent, a fox courant to sinister within a serpent in annulo, head to chief, sable.

Rory Daughton. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

The name was submitted as Rory McDaughton. As Daughton is a family name derived from a place name, the patronymic particle is inappropriate and has been dropped.

Septentria, Barony of. Badge for the Order of the Cauldron. Gules, a cauldron Or and in chief three gouttes d'eau, one and two.

Serena Arianwy Holmes. Name only.

Serena Bertram of Northumberland. Name only (see RETURNS for device)

Siglinde Harfnerstochter. Name only.

Sine of Dunvegan. Name only.

Thais of Illiton. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Tova Egeskjold. Name and device. Azure, a bend engrailed sinister between a feather and an oak tree eradicated argent.

The byname means "Oakshield".

Yvonne Austin. Name only (se RETURNS for device).

KINGDOM OF THE WEST

Anastasia Dmitryevna. Badge. Or, on a heart sable within a bordure invected sable, a compass star Or.

Beornoth of Filey. Name only.

Caitlin Dhuin na n-ean. Name and device. Per fess azure and vert, two double-headed eagles Or and a tower argent.

Christoph Brendan von Hagen. Name only.

Colin de Charteris. Device. Vair, an estoile gules surmounted by a chevron inverted Or.

Conal MacBell. Name and device. Per chevron abased argent and gules, three compass stars, elongated to base, one and two, gules and a sword argent, hilted gules.

The blazon is a clumsy as it is because this is not really period style, although it is, as Vesper noted, Society heraldry.

Edward Oakenheart. Name and device. Argent, a pale wavy gules, on a chief sable, three mullets argent.

While strongly reminiscent of the arms of the United states, this does not technically conflict.

Elaina Genevieve d'Andance. Name only.

Gareth of Greymarch. Name and device. Per pale azure and Or, a tree eradicated and in chief three mullets of eight points, one and two, all counterchanged.

Genevieve Emrys. Name and device. Per fess sable and argent, two Maltese crosses and a compass star, all counterchanged.

Harald of Sigtuna. Name and device. Per pale azure and Or, an albatross displayed, wings inverted, argent, all within a bordure counterchanged.

Iseault Wishbringer. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Judith la Foncée. Device. Per bend sinister azure, mulletty of six points argent, and argent, in sinister base an iris blossom purpure, bearded Or.

Katherine de Winter. Name only.

Leofric of Mona. Device. Purpure, on a pale between a decrescent and an increscent Or, a pallet vert, a chief argent.

Please ask the submittor to draw the chief properly (i.e., not as a narrow addendum to the shield).

Mark Louis Jacobs. Change of name from Jacob de Sithia.

Maelgwyn ap Gwilym. Name and device. Per pale gules and argent, six crosses crosslet, four and two, counterchanged and on a chief Or a swan naiant gules.

Melloney de Charteris. Name and device. Vair, a two-towered castle gules with wooden gates proper, on a chief azure, two estoiles Or.

Miles Devlin. Change of name from Patrick Devlin.

Morgan Conner. Name and device. Per pale sable and Or, two tankards, handles in the flanks, counterchanged.

Morgan Conner. Badge. Purpure, on a tankard argent, a grenade sable, flamed gules.

Nerissa Meraud dela Fontaine. Badge. Gules, a griffin passant to sinister bearing in its sinister talon a goblet Or.

Oertha, Principality of. Transfer of badge for Guild of the Ivory Thimble from Annora of Shadowwood. Azure, three needles in estoile, eyes to chief, Or, between in cross four thimbles, domes to center, argent, all within a bordure Or.

Peter the Uncertain. Name and device. Per chevron sable and argent, three goblets inverted, one and two, Or, in base a torteau.

Robert of Coldcastle. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Stormhold, Shire of. Badge. Azure, goutty d'eau, a drakkar affronty Or.

Stuart of Lindley. Transfer of badge from Karolyn Johnston of Lindley. Azure, a chevron disjoint and in chief a roundel argent.

Talbott Stormeagle. Name and device. Quarterly gules and azure, an arrow palewise conjoined to a pair of wings displayed inverted Or between in bend two roses and in bend sinister two hearts argent.

Theresia von Tux. Badge. Or, semy of badgers vert.

This was submitted as a fieldless badge, but the College had distinct qualms about the feasibility of "strewing" a non-existent field. The submittor, having anticipated this situation, requested in the letter of intent that the badgers be placed on an Or field.

Tomas Fitzsimon of Oxford. Name only (see RETURNS for device).

Warrior's Gate, Shire of. Device. Gules, a laurel wreath Or, surmounted by a tower with open gate argent issuant from a base Or, in chief a bezant.

West, Kingdom of. Change of badge for College of Scribes. Sable, an ink flask Or.

No difference can be allowed for the figures on the amphora in the device of Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane cited in the letter of intent ("Or, a black figure neck amphora, cracked in chief, proper."), since these are just identifying markings, like those of a dog or a butterfly: they make the amphora what it is. However, Alisoun grants the West Kingdom permission to conflict in this case.

Wulfgar the Bowman. Device. Per fess azure and Or, a bow fesswise, strung to base, surmounted by an arrow inverted argent, and a sword inverted sable.

Yiannis Damianos Draco. Device. Barry Or and sable, a reremouse displayed between three anchors gules.

RETURNS

KINGDOM OF ATENVELDT

Caesaria Almy. Device. Per pale wavy argent and Or, two doves rising addorsed, wings elevated and addorsed, azure, in base a sprig of ivy vert.

One of the requirements for the use of a complex line of division with two tinctures drawn from the same class is that they have "sufficient contrast". Although the rules do make allusion to fields which are all "light", in most cases fields entirely divided of Or and argent do not support most complex lines of division. In this particular case where the wings of the birds, lying along the line of division, distract the eye from its nature, it is difficult to determine which line of division has been used.

James Darkstar. Change of device. Azure, a compass star elongated to base sable, fimbriated, between four mullets Or.

A compass star is too complex a charge to fimbriate. Additionally, since the compass star is equivalent to "a compass star Or, voided sable", this is technically in conflict with Paul of Sunriver ("Azure, a compass star Or.").

Kenyon of Tellias. Name only.

As Brachet, Chevron and others have pointed out NR12 requires that the name which seeks an exemption by virtue of its being the mundane name must be used as portion of the name "corresponding" to the mundane name element, i.e. first name to first name, last name to last name, etc. As Kenyon is a place name, it would be necessary for this to be his given name. It is not. Moreover, Tellias was a classical Greek personal name and therefore should not be used, as here, as a place name.

Randal Benton. Device. Per chevron enhanced rayonny gules, mulletty of four points argent, and sable, in pale a sun issuant from the line of division Or, eclipsed sable, and a unicorn rampant to sinister Or.

This is not period style. The anomalies here are simply too great. In the first place this is not really "per chevron enhanced", but rather "chapé rayonny gules, mulletty of four points argent", i.e., colour on colour. Even if it were a proper "per chevron" field division, the gules rayonny which lies almost entirely on sable would not show up well. Also, the "sun eclipsed" is really thin line heraldry being merely a band of rays linked to a sector of an annulet. Suns issuant from a complex line of division like this are a major anomaly (indeed, suns issuant from anything but the sides of the shield are exceptional in period heraldry). The whole is simply "too much".

KINGDOM OF ATLANTIA

Volodomir Vseslavovich Kambionets. Change of name from holding name of Volodimir of Cambion.

The holding name Volodomir of Cambion was applied when his original submission of Volodomir Vsevolodovich was found in conflict with Volodomir II of Kiev, son of Vsevolod I of Kiev.

Cambion is not from a Slavic root and therefore should not be joined to the Russian ending "-ets".

KINGDOM OF MERIDIES

Ana Ashford. Name for House Ruthendale.

The letter of intent implied that this was derived from Ruthven, which it would not normally be. As there is a Rutherford and Rutherglen documented, this would have been acceptable, but we were reluctant to change the household name unilaterally, given the confusion as to the lady's intent (does she want Ruthvendale or Rutherdale?).

Arrienne Lenorra Ashford. Badge for House Ashford. Per chevron argent and azure, in chevron a dagger inverted sable and a rose, slipped and leaved, proper and in base a tree couped throughout argent.

This is by definition two complex for a badge since it involves is three unlike charges floating on a divided field (this would be illicit for a device in fact!).

Bjorn MacGregor. Device. Barry of six gules and sable, three boars passant in bend within a bordure Or, fleury sable.

By the current rules a barry field may not consist of two colours (AR2a).

Fiona Mairi MacQuarrie. Device. Per pale gules and azure, on a pale argent a rosebud azure conjoined to another inverted gules, both slipped and leaved vert.

Conflict with Corrmacc na Connacht ("Azure, on a pale argent a sword inverted gules", etc. Also, as Brachet has pointed out, there is a strong visual conflict with the modern flag of France (whose while portion is frequently charged for special purposes).

Hastar the Barbarian. Name only.

Although the name was stated to be "made-up", it is not really a construct name. It is either a truncated form of the term used for a spearman in the late Roman army (in which case it is an occupational name) or is a modification of the name "Hastur" from the Darkover series by Marion Zimmer Bradley. In either case it is not acceptable for a given name.

Ketra Nichtgale Bran atte Mos. Household name and badge for House Erin Sea Wolf. Per bend sinister azure and argent, a sea wolf erect counterchanged.

The name conflicts with the title of the Sea Wolf Herald. The device conflicts with Dusan Jakovic Vovkaj ("Per bend sinister azure and argent, a fish-tailed demi-wolf erect argent, tailed vert, spined gules, maintaining between its paws a broken lance bendwise sinister inverted argent.").

Micheila NicFhionghuin of Skye. Device. Argent, vetu ploye purpure, four thistle heads erased in cross, leaved proper.

Visual conflict with Maelen of Catcott ("Purpure, on a lozenge argent a forget-me-not blossom proper.").

KINGDOM OF THE MIDDLE

Avelyn of Brodick. Device. Gules, ermined Or, a thistle, slipped and leaved, argent.

Conflict with the badge of Theresa de Foxton ("Per bend embattled sable and gules, a thistle slipped and leaved argent.").

Ayesha Menseyah. Name only.

The only documentation provided in support of the statement that "Menseyah" was a legitimate Arabic epithet meaning "the Forgotten" were a few lines of hand-written Arabic and a business card from the "Abdul", the Arabic gift shop proprietor cited as the source for the translation. Since noone in the College could come up with any supporting documentation for anything similar from medieval Arabic, some more substantial documentation must be required from the submittor.

Bealdgar Thurbeornsson. Device. Or, a pall inverted between three owls azure.

Conflict with Walter Kempe of Falconholde ("Or, a pall inverted between two crescents and in base five roundels in annulo gules.").

Belisarius of Anatolikon. Name only.

This name made us very twitchy. As Brachet notes, there is an excellent case for Belisarius being a "famous and unique name". Additionally, although the "Anatolikon" was a deme in the later Roman Empire, the root meaning of the Greek word "Anatolikos" has to do more with the rising of the sun and was very early on generalized to mean "Eastern" or coming from the East. Belisarius was general of the East at the time of the Hippodrome Riots of 532 and, given the popular Greek idiom of the day, would have commonly been referred to at that period as "Belisarius Anatolikos" (in reference to his command).

Brandon Dubhchad. Name only.

There were two issues involved in the submittor's refutation of the original return from the Middle: the existence of Brandon as a place name, not a given name, in period and the non-documentation of the form "Dubhchad". The former was discussed at some length in the College. While the Rules clearly agree with Crescent in that documentation is required for period use when a name is demonstrably a place name in period (which Brandon is, as early as 975!), the consensus of opinion in the College was that it would be reasonable to add Brandon to the handfull of out-of-period names (Fiona, Corwin, etc.) that are accepted in Society use since only an "a" and "o" separate it from the acceptable "Brendan" and the pronunciation of the two names in the dialects that predominate in modern America are nearly identical. However, the fact that "Dubhchad" has not been documented as a period name was not addressed at all in the submission and must be. Perhaps he would accept the similar "Donnchad" (which may be what is intended, to judge from the meaning assigned to "Dubhchad" in the paperwork).

Carole de Vielier d'Amberview. Name only.

Although the lady gave permission for changes to her name, in this case changes would have been made to all three name elements and this seemed excessive to us, particularly as there was no armoury involved. The argument from plausibility for "Carole" as a period name was not strong enough to permit passage of the name in the light of reasonably strong evidence that the feminine forms developed after the end of our period (we could find no Latin or German feminines derived from Karolus or Karl, for example). In that situation, her mundane name of Carolyn would have been substituted. Although a couple of alternatives from Reaney were listed in the letter of intent, since the lady is a musician, we suspected that she would prefer another possibility "le Vieler" (from the Old French word for a violist or fiddle player), which may be what she was striving for in the first place. Finally, although there are some examples of the use of "de" with period English placenames, we felt very uncomfortable with using the even more closely associated elided form with the fantasy-style name Amberview. The successive changes would have produced Carolyn le Vieler of Amberview.

Dryw Gabhalmhaoth. Name only.

The submittor stated that "Dryw" was a Welsh given name meaning "sight". Not only could this not be documented, but the word is the "Welsh" title for a druid as well as a Welsh term for wren (the two meanings are related). If the gentle wishes, he can use the documented period English form "Drew" from Old German "Drogo". As no supporting documentation was provided for the second name being the Gaelic equivalent of "Galmoy", we felt it necessary to return that portion of the name was well.

Fiona Margaret MacNicol. Name only.

Given the coincidence of both given names and the patronymic particle, this seemed too close to the registered name of Fiona Margaret MacQueen.

Giacomo Frisinghelli. Device. Per fess gyronny from fess of thirteen Or and gules, and azure, overall a lion of St. Mark passant guardant disarmed argent.

While we do agree that American state flags should be protected at the same level as national armoury, this device is technically clear from the state flag of Arizona, which shares a field that is functionally identical, because from the "mullet Or" (copper should be blazoned Or) which the primary charge on the flag there is a major point for type of charge and another for the tincture of the primary charge. On the other hand, since no difference may be derived from the field of a fieldless badge this is in conflict with the badge of Windmaster's Hill ("A winged cat passant, forepaw extended, wings elevated and addorsed argent.").

Glenda Sobhrach Dubhchad. Name and device. Argent, a primrose within a tressure azure.

The lady had indicated that she would accept the name Guendolen in place of the name "Glenda" which is apparently of American origin. "Sobhrach" does mean "primrose" or "clover" in Gaelic and would be acceptable as a byname. However, the same problems arise for "Dubhchad" as did for her lord's name (Brandon Dubhchad, above). If the device had been acceptable, we would have used the holding name Guendolen Sobhrach, but it unfortunately conflicts with Alyanora of Vinca ("Argent, a periwinkle proper."), since the visual difference between the blue primrose here and a periwinkle proper is negligible.

Guillaume de Copé. Badge. A tabard vert.

Some expressed concerns that the charge was insufficiently identifiable (many of the alternatives were rather amusing), although we had to agree with Crescent that in the hands of a competent artist the tabard would be easily identifiable. Unfortunately, as the tabard has been traditionally the herald's identifying garment, both mundanely and in the Society, and green has been the traditional Society tincture for heralds, the consensus was that this would infringe on the traditional insignia of the Society herald. We had to agree with Crescent when he noted "I don't want to be in a position where every pursuivant has to ask his permission before wearing a tabard of office!".

Hallfridr Throndardottir. Device. Per chevron enhanced sable and gules, in pale a chevron of three ropes braided and a natural leopard's head erased argent, spotted sable, holding in its mouth a hawk's lure argent.

Unfortunately, by long-standing Society precedent braided knotwork is not permitted for Society armoury, however common it may be in Society artwork. In this case, the emendation (suggested by Crescent) to a chevron invected would not really be acceptable since the sable voided portions of the chevron are really intrinsic to the design.

James Foxston of Stone Heath. Device. Per chevron azure and vert, a chevron argent between two fasces, blades to center, and a fox passant Or.

Conflict with Gordon Mac Blayr de Galowaye ("Per chevron azure and vert, a chevron argent between two winged lions combattant and in pale a compass star and a lamp Or, enflamed at the tip proper.").

Kumari Kamala. Name only.

Kumari is a virgin goddess, an avatar of Durga, the manifestation of Shakti. No evidence has been presented that the name was used in period for ordinary human beings. Certainly today there is a cult which names a young girl as "Kumari": apparently, she must be perfect of form and "retires" when she reaches puberty. However, this child is most definitely regarded as the actual manifestation of the goddess. Kamala also lacked documentation: the nearest thing we could find was a masculine name from Afghanistan, probably of Arabic origin (used by Kipling:"Kamal is out with forty men to raid the countryside and he has stolen the Colonel's mare that is the Colonel's pride. . ." [Pardon us if we got carried away or misquoted: like Horatius at the Bridge, this poem tends to render one a tad overenthusiastic.]).

Michael Degral of Mellkin. Name only.

"Degral" could not be documented, although some interesting speculations came out of the College of Arms (a significant number involved the Holy Grail, which we suspect the submittor did not intend). Use of a documented family name such as "de Grellay" would be far better. Also, the form of the place name is not in fact a place name formation, but uses the standard given name diminutive suffix "-kin". He should use an actual place name such as Melksham or Melling. The submittor gave permission for changes, but as the changes necessary were relatively drastic, we preferred to allow the gentleman to make his own decisions as to the advisable modifications.

Philip Trevor of Breckenglade. Device. Per bend sinister azure and argent, an annulet counterchanged.

Strong visual conflict with Aislinn nic Eoghainn ("Argent, a gore sinister azure, overall an annulet counterchanged."). This is very close to a mere colour reversal of Aislinn's device as it appears in the files and as she displays it (she was working on some embroidery during the weekend of the June Laurel meeting).

Rory Daughton. Device. Or, a fess sable between a horse courant azure and a pomme.

Conflict with Meurs ("Or, a fess sable.", as cited in Papworth, p. 706).

Serena Bertram of Northumberland. Device. Per bend sinister sable, mulletty Or, and gules, a raven displayed argent.

In this posture, the differences between the raven, as drawn, and an eagle are not sufficient to difference this from Chamberlayn ("Gules, an eagle displayed argent.", as cited in Papworth, p. 300) and the device of Edwin of Sthogaehmam ("Per saltire purpure and counter-ermine, on the breast of an eagle displayed argent, a Latin cross gules.").

Thais of Illiton. Device. Or, two peacocks close addorsed, tails in saltire, proper.

Conflict with Robin Vinehall ("Or, in fess two robins close addorsed, tails crossed in saltire, proper."). While the shape and tinctures of the two types of bird are quite distinct, the unusual arrangement which both devices share increases the visual echo.

Windhaven, Shire of. Device. Azure, an amphiphtere within a laurel wreath Or.

Conflict with the Barony of Draconia ("Azure, within a laurel wreath argent, a dragon volant Or.").

Yvonne Austin. Device. Sable, seme of broadarrows inverted, on a chief Or, a bow proper, string to chief, all within a bordure counterchanged sable and Or.

In both period and modern heraldry a chief, when it is combined with a bordure, is not overlain by the bordure. In some older cases of chief added for cadency, the chief is added above an attenuated field completely surrounded by the bordure. More common, however, in both period and modern heraldry is a chief which simply overlies and truncates the bordure.

Yvonne Dominique de Rouen. Device. Per fess wavy crested and per pale argent and azure, in chief a fish leaping counterchanged.

Wavy crested is an out-of-period construct. It was first banned as a line of division by Laurel in 1976. This ban was confirmed by a different Laurel in 1983. Neither the College nor Laurel sees any reason to change that restriction.

KINGDOM OF THE WEST

Elric of Wolfshead. Change of device. Per saltire argent and sable, an eagle displayed maintaining an axe fesswise, counterchanged.

Visually this is in conflict with Manfred Kreigstreiber, cited on the letter of intent ("Per saltire sable and argent, a falcon displayed counterchanged, beaked and taloned within a bordure gules."). Because of the arrangements of the tinctures here, the identity of the axe is almost concealed since the head lies on one of the field, most of the shaft on another and the butt on a third.

Gwendolyn of Castle Court. Device. Argent, a quatrefoil knot interlaced with an arrow palewise inverted azure.

We had to agree with Chevron that this conflicts with the tinctureless badge of Hugh ap Llewelyn ("An ankh interlaced with a quatrefoil knot."): interlaced as they are with the quatrefoil knot, the differences between the arrow and the ankh are seriously diminished.

Iseault Wishbringer. Device. Purpure, a tree blasted and eradicated between in fess two urchins statant respectant argent.

Conflict with the Middle Kingdom Order of the Silver Oak ("Purpure, an oak tree blasted and eradicated argent, fructed Or.").

Robert of Coldcastle. Device. Azure, a boar's head erased and on a chief argent, a tower azure.

Conflict with Shand ("Azure, a boar's head couped argent, on a chief of the last three mullets gules."). Using a complex line of division would bring it easily clear.

Tomas Fitzsimon of Oxford. Device. Azure, a cup Or, overall a cross bottonny, gyronny argent and sable.

As Crescent noted, the cross overlies the cup to such an extent that the cup's identity is unclear (and it is not obvious how this problem could be avoided). Moreover, much of portions of the cross which determine that it is bottonny fade away, the sable against the blue of the field and the argent against the Or.

Yekaterina Chornyk Orlov. Name only.

We were compelled to agree with Crescent that the conjunction of the name Katharine and the black eagle of the Imperial Russian arms in the Russian languages was "too much".

THE FOLLOWING SUBMISSIONS ARE PENDING:

KINGDOM OF ATENVELDT

Brendan mac Artuir ap Alan. Badge. A sugarloaf helm affronty and an anvil in pale sable.

This was submitted "encircled by a buckled leather belt proper". After the discussion at the Symposium concerning the use of the belt around the chieftain's badge as the usage for the clansman rather the "head of household", Aten has requested that this be considered for registration without the belt. It will be considered at the Ocotber meeting in order to allow time for conflict checking on the revised badge.

KINGDOM OF CAID

Ynesyn Ongge Xong Kerii-e. Name only.

The documentation provided was a page from a volume on Mongolian names which supported the use of "animal names" in Mongolian Society and two pages from a Mongolian-English Dictionary. However, none of the examples of animal names were nearly as long or complex in form as these. Typical are "Khasar" ["terrible dog"], "Khulan" ["wild horse"], "Nachin" ["falcon"]; the longest names in the documentation provided have no more than two polysyllabic words or three monosyllables. Moreover, the way the dictionary entries are set up leaves dome doubt as to the intent. For instance, "ynesyn" is given as a noun meaning "ash" and under that heading appears "ynesyn ongge" with the meaning "color of ashes, grey[ish]", without any of the normal lexical notations for an adjective. We are willing to accept this as an exceptionally long name, if the submittor (or Crescent) can provide some documentation for the meanings of "ongge" and "kerij-e" in and of themselves and some indication that this is syntactically correct, i.e., that the adjective is correctly formed and allied to the noun.

KINGDOM OF THE MIDDLE

Vasili iz Naitemneshoi Dollina. Device. Argent, seme of seraphs gules.

In commenting on this submission, Crescent noted that under our current rules this device was "at most a single point from any device 'Argent, semy of [charges] gules'. Specifically, it conflicts with Mountjoy (Papworth 857):'Argent, the field replenished with fleurs-de-lys gules; and with Giffard (Papworth 1055): Argent, semy of torteaux." When the device of James the Tactless was returned, a number of members of the College indicated to me that they felt that the current state of the rules, which indeed demand that any device consisting only of a field semy in a given set of colours would conflict with any other plain field semy in the same colours, was ridiculous. It is perfectly true that in period changing the charges with which a plain field was strewn was never, so far as we can determine, used for cadency (changing the charges with which an otherwise charged field was strewn or adding a semy to a field that was otherwise charged was, however, used for cadency). Moreover, the practice enshrined in the rules released last autumn is of relatively recent vintage, as the number of semy only fields in Society armoury attest (Laurel herself has a badge registered which would technically conflict with France Ancient under the current rules). I would like to have some feedback for the October meeting on a proposal to extend the complete difference of charge allowance to plain fields charged with any number of charges (the current limit is four charges) so as to better reflect the realities of medieval heraldry.

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