The List of Alternate Titles
as approved by the College of Arms November 2019
NOTE: Not all spelling variants are listed; any documentable spelling variant is acceptable as an alternate title.
Title Table Index:
| Arabic Language Group |
Arabic |
| Baltic Language Group |
Estonian |
| Dutch Language Group |
Dutch |
| East and South Asian Languages |
Chinese, Japanese |
| English/Welsh Language Group |
Early Modern English, Anglo-Norman, Middle English, Old English, Scots, Welsh |
| Egyptian Language Group |
Demotic (c. 650 BCE - 5th century CE), Middle Egyptian (2000 BCE - 4th century BCE) |
| French Language Group |
French, Anglo-Norman, Breton |
| Gaelic Language Group |
Irish Gaelic, Scots Gaelic |
| German Language Group |
German |
| Greek Language Group |
Greek |
| Hungarian/Romanian Language Group |
Hungarian, Romanian |
| Iberian Language Group |
Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan |
| Indian - Dravidian Language Group |
Tamil (Sangam Period, 200 BCE - 200 CE), Tamil (Chola Empire, 800 CE - 1270 CE) |
| Indian - Sanskrit Language Group |
Sanskrit, Sanskrit (Later Vedic Period, 1200 BCE - 600 BCE), Sanskrit/Prakit/Early Hindustani (Gupta Dynasty, 270 - 550 CE) |
| Italian Language Group |
Italian, Venetian |
| Jewish Language Group |
Hebrew |
| Latin |
Medieval Latin |
| Mongol Language Group |
Mongol |
| Nahuatl |
Nahuatl |
| North Slavic Language Group |
Polish, Czech |
| Persian Language Group |
Middle Persian (3rd century BCE to 7th century CE) |
| Russian/East Slavic Language Group |
Russian |
| Scandinavian (Early) Language Group |
Viking Norwegian, Viking Danish, Viking Swedish, Viking Icelandic |
| Scandinavian (Late) Language Group |
Medieval Norwegian, Medieval Danish, Medieval Swedish, Lingua Societatis Swedish, Finnish |
| South Slavic Language Group |
Albanian |
| Turkish Language Group |
Turkish |
The Society Governing Documents provide a list of standard titles in Section VIII, Subsection D, "Titles", and grant the College of Arms full authority to approve alternative titles. The alternate titles approved by the College of Arms are listed in the tables below.
Explanatory notes:
Sometimes more than one form of alternate title has been found to be acceptable. Where more than one form exists, in the tables below the alternates have been separated by a slash ("/"). For example, the masculine listing for "Award or Grant of Arms" in Welsh has "Arglwydd/Boneddig/Bonheddwr". If someone with a Welsh persona named Owain had been given an Award of Arms, he could be Arglwydd Owain, Boneddig Owain, or Bonheddwr Owain.
Forms which are preceded by a hyphen ("-") are appended to the
given name, in the form "[Name]- [title/form of address]".
Arabic Language Group
Arabic
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Malik/Sultan |
Malika/Sultana |
| Coronet |
|
Amir |
Amira |
| Duchy |
|
Mushir/Musaitir |
Mushira/Musaitira |
| Viscounty |
|
Naqib |
Naqiba |
| Peerage Order |
|
Mu'allim |
Mu'allima |
| Knight (noun) |
|
Faris |
Farisa |
| Barony |
|
Shaykh/Shaikh |
Shaykha/Shaikha |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Ra'is |
Ra'isa |
Baltic Language Group
Estonian
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Kuningas, Kunningas, Kunninkas |
Kunninga Prawwa |
| Coronet |
|
Först (territorial), Perris Würst (heir), Würst (territorial) |
Perris Würsti Prawwa (heir), Würsti Prawwa (territorial) |
| Duchy |
|
Erzog |
Erzogi Prawwa |
| Peerage Order |
|
Issand |
Emmand |
| Knight (noun) |
|
Rutl |
|
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Issand |
Prawwa |
Dutch Language Group
Dutch
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Koning |
Koningin |
| Coronet |
|
Prins |
Prenses |
| Duchy |
|
Hertog |
Hertogin |
| County |
|
Graaf |
Gravin |
| Viscounty |
|
Burggraaf |
Burggravin |
| Peerage Order |
|
Meester |
Meesteres |
| Knight (title) |
Ser |
Ser |
|
| Knight (noun) |
Ridder |
Ridder |
|
| Barony |
|
Baron |
Barones |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
her/heer |
Vrouwe/Joncvrouwe |
East and South Asian Languages
Chinese
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Coronet |
|
Wang |
Kuêi Chu |
| Duchy |
|
Kung Chüeh |
Nü Kung |
| County |
|
T'a Hóu |
Nu T'a Pó |
| Viscounty |
|
T'a Pó |
Nu T'a Pó |
| Peerage Order |
|
Tzê |
Nü Tzê |
| Knight (title) |
-chi-sh h |
|
|
| Knight (noun) |
Chi-sh h |
|
|
| Barony |
|
Nanchüeh |
Nü Nan |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Chu |
Chu Fu |
Japanese
For titles above an AoA or GoA and below crown, the mode of address may be used as a standalone honorific or may be appended to the surname. When used as a standalone honorific, -sama may be added. For example, instead of saying "Your Excellency" you could say Kakka or Kakka-sama or <surname>-kakka (e.g. Takeda-kakka).
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
[Heika] |
[Heika] |
Chuuguu / [Heika] |
| Coronet |
|
Shinnou (heir)/Ou (territorial)/[Denka] |
Naishinnou (heir)/Joou (territorial)/[Hidenka] |
| Duchy |
Ichi-i*/[Geika] |
Ichi-i*/[Geika] |
Ichi-i*/[Geika] |
| County |
Ni-i*/[Kakka] |
Ni-i*/[Kakka] |
Ni-i*/[Kakka] |
| Viscounty |
San-i*/[Kakka] |
San-i*/[Kakka] |
San-i*/[Kakka] |
| Peerage Order |
Shi-i*/[Hakase] |
Shi-i*/[Hakase] |
Shi-i*/[Hakase] |
| Barony |
Roku-i*/[Kakka] |
Roku-i*/[Kakka] |
Roku-i*/[Kakka] |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
Go-i*/[-sama]/[-dono] |
Go-i*/[-sama]/[-dono] |
Go-i*/[-sama]/[-dono] |
Note: Titles marked with * would only be included as part of the person's name, either the surname alone or surname and given name (e.g. Takeda Ni-i or Takeda Tadanobu Ni-i). Titles in brackets are modes of address.
Note: -sama and -dono are appropriate for any rank as they are generic titles of respect.
English/Welsh Language Group
Early Modern English
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
King |
Queen |
| Coronet |
|
Prince |
Princess |
| Duchy |
|
Duke |
Duchess |
| County |
|
Count |
Countess |
| Viscounty |
|
Viscount |
Viscountess |
| Peerage Order |
Master; (Name), Laureate |
Master/Magister |
Mistress/Dame |
| Knight (title) |
Sir |
Sir |
Sir |
| Knight (noun) |
Knight |
Knight |
Knight |
| Barony |
|
Baron |
Baroness |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
Noble; (Name), Armiger; (Given name), Armiger |
Lord |
Lady |
Note: Laureate is reserved for members of the Order of the Laurel.
Anglo-Norman
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Rei/Roi |
Rei(g)ne/Royne |
| Coronet |
|
Prince |
Princess(e) |
| Duchy |
|
Duc |
Duc(h)esse |
| County |
|
Conte/Erle |
Contesse |
| Viscounty |
|
Visconte |
Vicontesse |
| Peerage Order |
|
Mestre |
Me(i)stresse/Dame |
| Knight (title) |
|
|
Dame |
| Knight (noun) |
|
Chival(i)er |
Chivailieresse |
| Barony |
|
Baron |
Baron(n)esse |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Daunt/Seigneur |
Donna/Seignouresse |
Middle English
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Kyng/Kink/Ging |
Qwen/Kwene/Quiene |
| Coronet |
|
Prince/Prinse/Pryns |
Princesse/Prynces/Princise |
| Duchy |
|
Duc/Douke/Duck |
Duches/Duchesse/Duchez |
| County |
|
Counte/Counete/Erl |
Contesse/Conteise |
| Peerage Order |
(Name), Laureat |
Maister/Magister/Maʒʒstre |
Maistres/Mestresse/Masteres |
| Knight (title) |
|
Ser/Sire/Sir/Syr |
|
| Knight (noun) |
|
Knyght/Kniʒt |
|
| Barony |
|
Baron/Barune/Baroun |
Barones/Baronesse/Boronesse |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
(Name), Armiger |
Lord/Laured |
Lady/Lafdi/Leuedi |
Note: Laureat is reserved for members of the Order of the Laurel.
Old English
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Cyning/Kyng |
Cwene |
| Coronet |
|
Ætheling |
Hlaefdige |
| Duchy |
|
Eorl |
Hlaefdige |
| County |
|
Eorl |
Hlaefdige |
| Viscounty |
|
Thegn |
Hlaefdige |
| Peerage Order |
|
Magister |
Hlaefdige |
| Knight (noun) |
Cniht/Ridda |
Cniht/Ridda |
Cniht/Ridda |
| Barony |
|
Thegn |
Hlaefdige |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Hlaford |
Hlaefdige |
Scots
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
King/Kyng/Kying |
Quene/Queyne/Quheyn |
| Coronet |
Prins/Prince |
Prins/Prince/Prynce |
Prins/Prince/Princes |
| Duchy |
|
Duc/Duk/Duik |
Duches/Dutches |
| County |
|
Erle/Eirll |
Countis/Countesse/Comitesse |
| Peerage Order |
(Name), Laureate |
Maister/Maystyr/Maisturis |
Maistres/Maesteres/Dame |
| Knight (title) |
|
Schyr/Syr |
|
| Knight (noun) |
|
Knycht/Knight |
|
| Barony |
|
Thane/Thayne/Thaynetum |
|
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Lard/Laird/Lairde |
Lady/Lade |
Note: Laureate is reserved for members of the Order of the Laurel.
Welsh
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
Teyrn |
Brenin/Emyr |
Brenhines |
| Coronet |
Teyrn/Edling/Gwrthrychiad |
Tywysog |
Tywysoges |
| Duchy |
Gwledig |
Dug |
Duges |
| County |
Gwledig |
Iarll |
Iarlles |
| Viscounty |
Gwledig |
Isiarll |
Isiarlles |
| Peerage Order |
Cyfurdd/Dyl(y)edog |
Meistr/Pendefig |
Meistres/Pendefiges |
| Knight (title) |
Syr |
Syr |
Syr |
| Knight (noun) |
Cyfurdd/Dyl(y)edog |
Marchog/Pendefig |
Marchoges/Pendefiges |
| Barony |
|
Barwn/Bre(h)yr |
Barwnes/Bre(h)yres |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Arglwydd/Boneddig/Bonheddwr |
Arglwyddes/Bonesig/Boneddiges |
Egyptian Language Group
Demotic (c. 650 BCE - 5th century CE)
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
nesu |
nesuyt |
| Coronet |
|
repay/sa nesu |
sat nesu |
| Peerage Order |
|
kherpu |
kherpet |
| Barony |
|
hery |
heryt |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
neb |
nebet |
Middle Egyptian (2000 BCE - 4th century BCE)
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
nesu/ity |
nesuyt/ityt |
| Coronet |
|
sa nesu |
sat nesu |
| Duchy |
|
haty-a |
hatet-a |
| County |
|
haty-a |
hatet-a |
| Viscounty |
|
haty-a |
hatet-a |
| Peerage Order |
|
kherpu/rekh nesu |
kherpet/rekhet nesu/henewet |
| Barony |
|
haty-a/hery |
hatet-a/heryt |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
smer |
neb |
nebet |
French Language Group
French
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Roi |
Reine |
| Coronet |
|
Prince |
Princesse |
| Duchy |
|
Duc |
Duchesse |
| County |
|
Comte |
Comtesse |
| Viscounty |
|
Vicomte |
Vicomtesse |
| Peerage Order |
|
Maistre/Mestre |
Maistresse/Mestresse |
| Knight (title) |
|
Sieur |
|
| Knight (noun) |
|
Chevalier |
Chevaliere |
| Barony |
|
Baron |
Baronne |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Seigneur |
Madame |
Anglo-Norman
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Rei/Roi |
Rei(g)ne/Royne |
| Coronet |
|
Prince |
Princess(e) |
| Duchy |
|
Duc |
Duc(h)esse |
| County |
|
Conte/Erle |
Contesse |
| Viscounty |
|
Visconte |
Vicontesse |
| Peerage Order |
|
Mestre |
Me(i)stresse/Dame |
| Knight (title) |
|
|
Dame |
| Knight (noun) |
|
Chival(i)er |
Chivailieresse |
| Barony |
|
Baron |
Baron(n)esse |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Daunt/Seigneur |
Donna/Seignouresse |
Breton
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Roe |
Rouanes |
| Coronet |
|
Prince |
|
| Duchy |
|
Duc |
Duches |
| County |
|
Cont |
Contes |
| Peerage Order |
|
Mestr |
Mestrez |
| Knight (noun) |
|
Marhec |
Marhegues |
| Barony |
|
Baron |
Barones |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Autrou |
Itroun |
Gaelic Language Group
Irish Gaelic
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Ri/Righ |
Banrion/Bean-righ |
| Coronet |
|
Prionsa/Flaith |
Beanphrionsa/Banfhlaith |
| Duchy |
|
Diuc/Righ-cuicidh |
Bandiuc |
| County |
|
Cunta/Iarla |
Cuntaois |
| Viscounty |
|
Biocunta |
Biocuntaois |
| Peerage Order |
|
Maistir |
Maistreas |
| Knight (title) |
|
Sior/An ridire |
|
| Knight (noun) |
|
Ridire |
|
| Barony |
|
Barun/Righ-tuatha |
Banbharun |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Tiarna |
Bantiarna |
Scots Gaelic
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Righ |
Bannrigh/Banrinn |
| Coronet |
|
Prionnsa |
Bannaphrionnsa |
| Duchy |
|
Diuc |
Bandiuc |
| County |
|
Iarla |
Baniarla |
| Viscounty |
|
Biocas |
Bana bhiocas |
| Peerage Order |
|
Maighstir |
Banamhaighstir |
| Knight (title) |
|
a Shir/Shair |
|
| Knight (noun) |
|
Ridire |
|
| Barony |
|
Thegn |
Bannthegn |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Tighearn(a) |
Baintighearn(a) |
German Language Group
German
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
König |
Königin |
| Coronet |
|
Prinz |
Prinzessin |
| Duchy |
|
Herzog |
Herzogin |
| County |
|
Graf |
Gräfin |
| Viscounty |
|
Landgraf |
Landgräfin |
| Peerage Order |
|
Meister |
Meisterin |
| Knight (title) |
Sir |
Sir |
|
| Knight (noun) |
Ritter |
Ritter |
|
| Barony |
|
Barun/Freiherr |
Barunin/Freiherrin |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Herr |
Herrin |
Greek Language Group
Greek
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Basiléus |
Basilissa |
| Coronet |
|
Pringkepas |
Pringképissa |
| Duchy |
|
Kómes tou stáblou |
Komitissa tou stáblou |
| County |
|
Komes |
Komitissa |
| Peerage Order |
|
Despotes |
Despôtissa |
| Knight (title) |
|
Hippôtes/Kûrios |
|
| Knight (noun) |
|
Strâtiotes |
|
| Barony |
|
Barônos |
Baronôssa |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Kûrios |
Kuria |
Hungarian/Romanian Language Group
Hungarian
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Kiraly |
Kiralynö |
| Coronet |
|
Fejedelem |
Fejedelemnö |
| Duchy |
|
Ban/Herceg |
Banno/Hercegnö |
| County |
|
Foispan/Grof |
Föispanno/Grofnö |
| Peerage Order |
|
Mester |
Mesternö |
| Knight (noun) |
|
Lovag |
|
| Barony |
|
Baro |
Baronö |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
(Given name) Ur |
Asszony |
Romanian
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Rege |
Reginâ |
| Coronet |
|
Principe |
Principesâ |
| Duchy |
|
Duce |
Ducesâ |
| County |
|
Conte |
Contesâ |
| Viscounty |
|
Viconte |
Vicontesâ |
| Peerage Order |
|
Stâpan |
Stâpanâ |
| Knight (title) |
|
Domnule |
|
| Knight (noun) |
|
Cavaler |
|
| Barony |
|
Baron |
Baroneasâ |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Domn |
Doamnâ |
Iberian Language Group
Spanish
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Rey |
Reina |
| Coronet |
|
Principe |
Princesa |
| Duchy |
|
Duque |
Duquesa |
| County |
|
Conde |
Condesa |
| Viscounty |
|
Visconde |
Viscondesa |
| Peerage Order |
|
Maestro |
Dueña |
| Knight (title) |
|
Don |
Doña |
| Knight (noun) |
|
Caballero |
|
| Barony |
|
Baron |
Baronesa |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Señor/Don |
Señora/Doña |
Portuguese
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Rei |
Raihna |
| Coronet |
|
Principe |
Princesa |
| Duchy |
|
Duque |
Duquesa |
| County |
|
Conde |
Condêssa |
| Viscounty |
|
Visconde |
Viscondêssa |
| Peerage Order |
|
Mestre |
Mestra |
| Knight (title) |
|
Cavaleiro |
|
| Knight (noun) |
|
Cavaleiro |
|
| Barony |
|
Barão |
Baronesa |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Senhor |
Senhora |
Catalan
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Rei |
Reina |
| Coronet |
|
Princep |
Princesa |
| Duchy |
|
Duc |
Duquessa |
| County |
|
Comte |
Comtessa |
| Viscounty |
|
Vescomte |
Vescomtessa |
| Peerage Order |
|
Mestre |
Mestressa |
| Knight (title) |
|
Senyor |
|
| Knight (noun) |
|
Cavaller |
|
| Barony |
|
Barô |
Baronessa |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Senyor |
Senyora |
Indian - Dravidian Language Group
Tamil (Sangam Period, 200 BCE - 200 CE)
See "Titles of Nobility in the pre-1650 CE Indian Sub-Continent" by Sara al-Garnatiyya for more information.
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
Vēntaṉr |
Aracaṉ/Iṟai/Vēntu/Vēntaṉr |
Vēntaṉr |
| Coronet |
|
Kōcar (territorial) |
|
| Peerage Order |
|
Kōṉ/Kōmāṉ/Kōcar |
|
Tamil (Chola Empire, 800 CE - 1270 CE)
See "Titles of Nobility in the pre-1650 CE Indian Sub-Continent" by Sara al-Garnatiyya for more information.
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Chakravartigal/Rājaśraya |
Mahādevī |
| Coronet |
|
Rājakēsari (heir) |
|
Indian - Sanskrit Language Group
Sanskrit
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Rajan |
Rajni |
| Coronet |
|
Kumarah |
Raja-putri |
| Peerage Order |
|
Svamin |
Svamini |
| Knight (noun) |
|
Ksatriyah |
|
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Arya |
Adhipati |
Sanskrit (Later Vedic Period, 1200 BCE - 600 BCE)
See "Titles of Nobility in the pre-1650 CE Indian Sub-Continent" by Sara al-Garnatiyya for more information.
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Samrāj/Rājan |
Samrājni/Samrājyi |
| Coronet |
|
Rājaputra (heir)/Rājan (territorial) |
Rājaputri (heir) /Rājani (territorial) |
| Peerage Order |
|
Dampati |
Dammaha |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Rājanya |
|
Note: In period, Samrājni was used for the Crown consort and Samrājyi for a Queen in her own right. In the SCA both terms may be used by a Queen who is either Sovereign or Consort.
Sanskrit/Prakit/Early Hindustani (Gupta Dynasty, 270 - 550 CE)
See "Titles of Nobility in the pre-1650 CE Indian Sub-Continent" by Sara al-Garnatiyya for more information.
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Mahārājadhirāja |
Mahādevī |
| Coronet |
|
Yuvarāja (heir)/Mahārāja (territorial) |
Yuvarāni (heir)/Yuvadevī (heir)/Mahādevī (territorial) |
| Peerage Order |
|
Āchārya |
Upadhyāya |
| Barony |
Uparika |
Uparika |
Uparika |
Italian Language Group
Italian
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Re |
Regina |
| Coronet |
|
Principe |
Principessa |
| Duchy |
|
Duca/Doge |
Duchessa/Dogaressa |
| County |
|
Conte |
Contessa |
| Viscounty |
|
Visconte |
Viscontessa |
| Peerage Order |
|
Maestro/Messer/Magnifico |
Maestra/Magnifica |
| Knight (title) |
|
Sir |
|
| Knight (noun) |
|
Cavaliere |
|
| Barony |
|
Barone |
Baronessa |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
nobile; (Name), nobile |
Signore/il nobile |
Signora/la nobile |
Venetian
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Re |
Raina |
| Coronet |
|
Principo |
Principesa/Prinzipe |
| Duchy |
|
Ducha/Doxe |
Duchesa |
| County |
|
Chonte/Conte |
Chontesa |
| Viscounty |
|
Vischonte |
|
| Peerage Order |
|
Maistro/Magnifico |
Magnifica |
| Knight (noun) |
|
Chavalier |
|
| Barony |
|
Barom |
|
| Award or Grant of Arms |
Nobel |
Misier/Signor |
Dona/Madona |
Jewish Language Group
Hebrew
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Melech |
Malchah |
| Coronet |
|
Nasi |
Nasichah |
| Duchy |
|
Alluf |
Allufah |
| County |
|
Shilton |
Shiltanah |
| Knight (title) |
|
Sair |
Sairah |
| Knight (noun) |
|
Parash |
Parasha |
| Barony |
|
Nagid |
Nagidah |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Reb |
Rebbah |
Latin
Medieval Latin
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Rex |
Regina |
| Coronet |
|
Princeps |
Princepissa |
| Duchy |
|
Dux |
Ducessa |
| County |
|
Comes |
Comitessa |
| Viscounty |
|
Viscomes |
Viscomitessa |
| Peerage Order |
|
Magister |
Magistra |
| Knight (title) |
Eques |
Eques |
Eques |
| Knight (noun) |
Miles |
Miles |
Miles |
| Barony |
|
Bâro |
Bâronessa |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
(Name) nobilis |
Dominus |
Domina |
Mongol Language Group
Mongol
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Knight (noun) |
Bahadur |
|
|
Nahuatl
Nahuatl
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
Huey Tlatoani |
Huey Tlatoani |
Huey Cihuatlatoani |
| Coronet |
Tlatocapilli/Cacique (territorial) |
Tlatocapilli/Cacique (territorial) |
Tlatocacihuapilli/Cacica (territorial) |
| Duchy |
Teuctli |
Teuctli |
Cihuateuctli |
| County |
Teuctli |
Teuctli |
Cihuateuctli |
| Viscounty |
Teuctli |
Teuctli |
Cihuateuctli |
| Peerage Order |
Tlamatini |
Tlamatini |
Cihuatlamatini |
| Knight (noun) |
Cuachic |
Cuachic |
Cihuacuachic |
| Barony |
Cuautlatoani/Cacique |
Cuautlatoani/Cacique |
Cihuacuautlatoani/Cacica |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
Pilli/ -tzin |
Pilli/ -tzin |
Cihuapilli/ -tzin |
Note: All titles can be used regardless of gender unless the title specifically contains the word for “woman” (Cihua).
North Slavic Language Group
Polish
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Król |
Królowa |
| Coronet |
|
Książę |
Księżna |
| Duchy |
|
Książę |
Księżna |
| County |
|
Hrabia |
Hrabina |
| Viscounty |
|
Wicehrabia |
Wicehrabina |
| Peerage Order |
|
Majster |
Metressa |
| Knight (title) |
|
Pan |
Pani |
| Knight (noun) |
Rycerz |
|
|
| Barony |
|
Baron |
Baronowa |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Pan |
Pani |
Czech
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Kral |
Kralovna |
| Coronet |
|
Kníže/Princ |
Kněžna/Princezna |
| Duchy |
|
Vévoda |
Vévodkyn |
| County |
|
Hrab |
Hraběnka |
| Viscounty |
|
Vikomt |
Vikomta |
| Peerage Order |
|
Pan |
Pani |
| Knight (title) |
Ryti |
|
|
| Knight (noun) |
|
Lord |
|
| Barony |
|
Baron |
Baronka |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Lord |
Dáma |
Persian Language Group
Middle Persian (3rd century BCE to 7th century CE)
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
(Name) Shahan Shah/(Name) Shah |
(Name) Shahr Bambishn |
| Coronet |
|
(Name) Shah/(Name) Vispuhr |
(Name) Bambishn/(Name) Bambishnan Bambhishn/(Name) Duxsh |
| Duchy |
|
(Name) Argbed |
(Name) Banug |
| County |
|
(Name) Argbed |
(Name) Banug |
| Viscounty |
|
|
(Name) Banug |
| Peerage Order |
|
|
(Name) Banug |
| Barony |
|
(Name) Shahrab |
(Name) Banug |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
|
(Name) Banug |
Note: Banug is a term of respect and honor, used as a title/form of address for any noblewoman
Note: Shah is appropriate for rulers of principalities; Vispuhr is appropriate for a sovereign’s heir. Bambishn is appropriate for a ruler of a principality; Bambishnan Bambish is appropriate for a sovereign’s heir.
Russian/East Slavic Language Group
Russian
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Tsar/Velikii Kniaz |
Tsaritsa/Velikaia Kniaginia |
| Coronet |
|
Tsarevich/Kniazhich (Heir)/Kniaz (Territorial) |
Tsarevna/Kniazna (Heir)/Kniaginia (Territorial) |
| Duchy |
|
Kniaz |
Kniaginia |
| County |
|
Kniaz |
Kniaginia |
| Viscounty |
|
Kniaz |
Kniaginia |
| Peerage Order |
Master |
Master/Boiarin |
Master/Masteritsa/Boiarynia |
| Knight (noun) |
Rytsar |
Boiarin |
Boiarynia |
| Barony |
|
Posadnik/Voevoda |
Posadnitsa/Voevodsha |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Pomestnik/Dvorianin/Boiarin |
Pomestnitsa/Dvorianka/Boiarynia |
Scandinavian (Early) Language Group
Viking Norwegian
These titles were generally used as bynames and usually appeared in lower case.
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Konungr |
Consort: Dróttning; Regnant: Hofuðdróttning/Meykongr |
| Coronet |
|
Oðlingr |
|
| Duchy |
|
Hertogi |
Hertogakona |
| County |
|
Jarl |
Jarlkona/Jarlskona |
| Peerage Order |
|
Meistari/Íþróttamaðr/Kennari/Lærifaðir |
Íþróttakona/Lærimoðir |
| Barony |
|
Hersir |
Hersirkona/Hersiskona/Ágætr kona |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Drót(t)in |
Frú/Frauva/Frouva/Frou |
Viking Danish
These titles were generally used as bynames and usually appeared in lower case.
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Konungr/Konung |
Dróttning |
| Barony |
|
Landmanna |
|
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Drot(t)in |
Fruha |
Viking Swedish
These titles were generally used as bynames and usually appeared in lower case.
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Konungr |
Dróttning |
| County |
|
Jarl |
|
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Drotin |
|
Viking Icelandic
These titles were generally used as bynames and usually appeared in lower case.
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Peerage Order |
|
Meistari/Íþróttamaðr/Kennari/Lærifaðir |
Íþróttakona/Lærimoðir |
| Knight (noun) |
Kappi |
|
|
| Barony |
|
Goði/Hofðingi/Ágætr maðr |
Ágætr kona |
Scandinavian (Late) Language Group
Medieval Norwegian
These titles were generally used as bynames and usually appeared in lower case. An exception is Herra ("Sir" or "Lord") and its variants, which was borne before the individual's name.
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Konungr/Konung(h) |
Drotning(h)/Drotingenne/Drotnigh/Dronning |
| Coronet |
|
Jungherra/Junc(k)her/Junkher/Forste/F(f)ørste/Furst(e) |
Jung-/Junc-/Jun(c)k- + -frú/-fru/-frw/-fraw |
| Duchy |
|
Hertogi/Hertug(h)/Hertog(h) |
Hertug(h)inna/Hertog(h)inna |
| County |
|
Jarl/Greifi/Greffue/Gre(ff)we/Greff |
Grevinne/Grefinne/Greffinne |
| Peerage Order |
|
Meistare/Mester/Meister/Magister/Lærer |
Mesterinde/Lærerinde/Læremoder |
| Knight (title) |
|
Herra |
|
| Knight (noun) |
Riddari/Ridd(h)are/Ridd(h)ere/Ridder |
|
|
| Barony |
|
Lendr maðr/Barún |
|
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Herra/Herre/Her |
|
Medieval Danish
These titles were generally used as bynames and usually appeared in lower case. An exception is Herra ("Sir" or "Lord") and its variants, which was borne before the individual's name.
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Konung(h)/Koning(h)/Konig |
Drotning |
| Coronet |
|
Furst |
Jungfrauwe/Junckfruw/Juncvrow |
| Duchy |
|
Hertug/Hertig/Herteghe/Hertoge/Hertogh(e) |
Hertoghinne |
| County |
|
Jarl/Greue/Greffue |
Grevinne |
| Peerage Order |
|
Mesteri/Mæster |
Læremoder |
| Knight (title) |
|
Her |
|
| Knight (noun) |
Ridd(h)er(e) |
|
|
| Barony |
|
Landmannr |
|
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Her/Drót(t)in(n) |
Frue/Fruæ/Frughæ/Frowe |
Medieval Swedish
These titles were generally used as bynames and usually appeared in lower case. An exception is Herra ("Sir" or "Lord") and its variants, which was borne before the individual's name.
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Konung |
Drottning |
| Coronet |
|
Furste (territorial), Prince/Prins (heir) |
Furstinna (territorial), Princissa/Prinsessa (heir) |
| Duchy |
|
Hertogh/Hertig |
Hertoghinne/Hertiginna |
| County |
|
Grefwe |
Grefwinne |
| Peerage Order |
|
Mästare/Mestare |
Mästarinna |
| Knight (noun) |
Riddare/Riddere |
|
|
| Barony |
|
Friherre/Baron |
Friherrinna/Baronessa |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Herre |
Fru |
Lingua Societatis Swedish
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Konung |
Drottning |
| Coronet |
|
Furste (territorial), Prince/Prins (heir) |
Furstinna (territorial), Princissa/Prinsessa (heir) |
| Duchy |
|
Hertogh/Hertig |
Hertoghinne/Hertiginna |
| County |
|
Greve |
Grevinna |
| Viscounty |
|
Viscomte |
Viscomtessa |
| Peerage Order |
|
Mästare/Mestare |
Mästarinna |
| Knight (noun) |
Riddare/Riddere |
|
|
| Barony |
|
Friherre/Baron |
Friherrinna/Baronessa |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Herre |
Fru |
Finnish
These titles were generally used as bynames and usually appeared in lower case. An exception is Herra ("Sir" or "Lord") and its variants, which was borne before the individual's name.
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Kuningas |
Kuningatar |
| Coronet |
|
Ruhtinas/Prinssi |
Ruhtinatar/Prinsessa |
| Duchy |
|
Herttua |
Herttuatar |
| County |
|
Kreivi, Jaarli |
Kreivitär |
| Viscounty |
|
Varakreivi |
Varakreivitär |
| Peerage Order |
Mestari/Maisteri |
|
|
| Knight (title) |
Ritari |
|
|
| Knight (noun) |
Ritari |
|
|
| Barony |
|
Vapaaherra/Paroni |
Vapaaherratar/Paronitar |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Herra |
Rouva |
South Slavic Language Group
Albanian
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Mbret |
Mbretëreshë |
| Coronet |
|
Princ/Bir Mbreti |
Princeshë/Bijë Mreti |
| Duchy |
|
Dukë |
Dukeshë |
| County |
|
Kont |
Konteshë |
| Peerage Order |
|
Kryetar |
Kryetare |
| Knight (title) |
|
Zotni |
|
| Knight (noun) |
|
Kreshnik |
|
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Zoti/Bujar |
Zönjë/Bujare |
Turkish Language Group
Turkish
| Rank | Gender Neutral | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|
| Crown |
|
Sultan (given name) Khan/Sultan (given name) Shah |
(given name) Sultan |
| Coronet |
Shahzade |
Sultan |
(Given name) Sultan |
| Duchy |
|
(Given name) Pasha |
(Given name) Hatun |
| County |
|
(Given name) Pasha |
(Given name) Hatun |
| Viscounty |
|
(Given name) Pasha |
(Given name) Hatun |
| Peerage Order |
|
Üstat |
Hanim |
| Knight (title) |
|
Sör |
|
| Knight (noun) |
|
Sövalye |
|
| Barony |
|
Bey |
(Given name) Hatun |
| Award or Grant of Arms |
|
Efendi |
(Given name) Hatun |
Summary of Changes, 1999-present
- Italian
- Add "Messer" as alternate titles for Master Laurel or Pelican (March 1999)
- Turkish
-
- King
Add "Sultan (Given Name) Khan", "Sultan (Given Name) Shah" (July 2006)
Remove "Krall" (July 2006)
- Queen
Add "(Given Name) Sultan" (March 2007)
Remove "Kralice" (March 2007)
- Prince
Add "Sultan (Given Name)", "Shahzade" (March 2007)
Remove "Prens", "Emir" (March 2007)
- Princess
Add "(Given Name) Sultan", "Shahzade" (March 2007)
Remove "Prenses" (March 2007)
- Duke
Add "(Given Name) Pasha" (November 2007)
Remove "Duk", "Serdar" (November 2007)
- Count
Add "(Given Name) Pasha" (November 2007)
Remove "Kont", "Beylerbey" (November 2007)
- Viscount
Add "(Given Name) Pasha" (November 2007)
Remove "Vikont" (November 2007)
- Duchess, Countess, Viscountess
- No approved change
- Baron
- Remove "Baron" (October 2009)
- Baroness
- No change
- French
-
- Master
Add "Maistre", "Mestre" (July 2008)
Remove "Maître" (July 2008)
- Mistress
Add "Maistresse", "Mestresse" (July 2008)
Remove "Maîtresse" (July 2008)
- Count
- Add "Conte" (July 2008)
- Countess
- Add "Contesse" (July 2008)
- Russian
-
- King
- Add "Velikii Kniaz" (November 2008)
- Queen
- Add "Velikaia Kniaginia" (September 2009)
- Prince (Heir)
- Add "Kniazhich" (November 2008)
- Prince (Territorial)
- Add "Kniaz" (November 2008)
- Princess (Heir)
- Add "Kniazhna" (November 2008)
- Princess (Territorial)
- Add "Kniaginia" (September 2009)
- Lord
Add "Dvorianin" (November 2008)
Add "Boiarin" (September 2009)
- Lady
Add "Dvorianka" (November 2008)
Add "Boiarynia" (September 2009)
- Baroness
Add "Voevodsha" (November 2008)
Remove "Voevoda" (November 2008)
- Master
- Add "Boiarin" (September 2009)
- Mistress
Add "Masteritsa" (September 2009)
Add "Boiarynia" (September 2009)
- Knight
- Add "Boiarin" (September 2009)
- Dutch
-
- Sir
Add "Ser" (January 2014)
Remove "Mijnheer" (January 2014)
- Lord
Add "her/heer" (January 2014)
Remove "Gebieder" (January 2014)
- Lady
Add "Vrouwe/Joncvrouwe" (January 2014)
Remove "Gebiedster" (January 2014)
- Various Scandinavian
-
- All Titles
- A large overhaul was done of all of the Scandinavian languages, including breaking them into Viking Age and Medieval. The details can be found in the August 2015 LoAR and are effective as of that date.
- All Languages
- A comprehensive revamp of the title tables was done in 2017, separating masculine, feminine and gender neutral forms into distinct columns.
- Estonian
- Per the May 2015 LoAR, the following changes have been made:
- Added "Kunningas" and "Kunninkas" spellings
- Replaced "Kuninganna" with "Kunninga Prawa"
- Replaced "Prints" with "Först" and "Würst"
- Replaced "Printsess" with "Würsti Prawwa"
- Replaced "Hertsog" with "Erzog"
- Replaced "Hertsoginna" with "Erzogi Prawa"
- Replaced "Meister" with "Issand"
- Replaced "Naismeister" with "Emmand"
- Replaced "Rüütel" with "Rutl"
- Replaced "Lord" with "Issand"
- Replaced "Leedi" with "Prawwa"
- Latin
- Per the May 2018 LoAR, the following changes have been made:
- Added "nobilis" as gender-neutral Latin title
- Estonian
- Per the May 2018 LoAR, the following changes have been made:
- Added "Perris Würst" and "Perris Wüi Prawwa" for Coronets
- Released "Krahv", "Krahvinna", "Vikont", "Vikontess", "Parun", "Paruness" and "Söör" due to lack of evidence of period use
- English
- Per the July 2018 LoAR, the following changes have been made:
- Added Noble and Armiger as gender-neutral titles
- Estonian
- Added clarifications of the coronet-level titles
- Arabic
- Per the March 2019 LoAR, the titles Qadi, Qadiya, Maulan, Maulana, Naquib, and Naquiba have been removed as titles.
- Anglo-Norman
- Per the November 2019 LoAR, a new category of Anglo-Norman titles has been added.
- Venetian
- Per the June 2020 LoAR, a new category of Venetian titles has been added.
- Medieval and Lingua Societatis Swedish
- Per the November 2020 LoAR, a new category of Lingua Societatis Swedish has been added along with several modifications to the Medieval Swedish titles.
- Arabic
- Per the November 2020 LoAR, the barony-level Arabic titles had spelling corrections made.
- English
- Per the November 2020 LoAR, the title Laureate was added for use of members of the Order of the Laurel.
- Italian
- Per the November 2020 LoAR, the title nobile was added.
- Hungarian
- Per the January 2021 LoAR, the Viscounty and Knight (title) titles were removed.
Per the January 2021 LoAR, the titles Tanár and Tanárnö were removed.
Per the January 2021 LoAR, the title Gyula was replaced with (Given name) Ur.
- Middle English
- Section added per July 2022 LoAR.
- Scots
- Section added per July 2022 LoAR.
- Persian
- Persian Language Group added per May 2023 LoAR.
- Welsh
- Pendefig, Pendefiges and Emyr added and/or moved to proper places, per Oct 2023 LoAR.
- Nahuatl
- Added new set of titles for Nahuatl per Nov 2023 LoAR.
- Polish
- Fixed crown titles (acutes, not tildes) (Jan 2024)
- Breton
- Added new set of titles for Breton per June 2024 LoAR.
- French
- Chevaliere added to French titles per the same letter.
- Arabic
- Replaced Sayyid and Sayyida with Ra'is and Ra'isa per July 2024 LoAR.
- Egyptian
- Per September 2024 LoAR, added new language group including Demotic and Middle Egyptian
- Japanese
- Entire overhaul of titles per December 2024 LoAR
- Sanskrit
-
Per January 2025 LoAR:
- Created two new top level groups, Indian - Sanskrit Language Group and Indian - Dravidian Language Group
- Moved Sanskrit table under the appropriate new group
- Created four new tables, Sanskrit (Later Vedic Period, 1200 BCE - 600 BCE), Sanskrit/Prakit/Early Hindustani (Gupta Dynasty, 270 - 550 CE), Tamil (Sangam Period, 200 BCE - 200 CE), Tamil (Chola Empire, 800 CE - 1270 CE)
- Egyptian
- Middle Egyptian: Added smer as gender neutral term for Award or Grant of Arms.
