Collected Precedents of the S.C.A.: Titles


Name Precedents: Titles

  • Surnames/Bynames:
    Laurel: Date: (year.month.date) Precedent:
     
    Courtesy Titles
    Jaelle of Armida 1998.07 At the April 1998 the Board of Directors upheld my ruling on courtesy titles. Except for people who already have them, and are therefore grandfathered, they will no longer be used in the SCA. (Cover Letter 7/98)
     
    Titles (incl. Surnames) that Imply Rank
    François la Flamme 2002.07 Farisa, which the submitter intended to mean 'horsewoman', is the feminine form of Faris, which is listed as an Arabic form of Knight in "The List of Alternate Titles as approved by the College of Arms" (http://heraldry.sca.org/titles.html). Therefore, Farisa (like Knight) is a restricted title and may not be registered as part of an SCA name. [Farisa Ramia Hameedah bint Kathoum, 07/2002, R-Atenveldt]
    Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme 1993.07 [Lucius Thayne] A thane (or thegn) was a free retainer in pre-Conquest England, and in Scotland up to the 15th Century; the term denotes a member of territorial nobility corresponding to the Norman baron or knight. The title was one step below the eorl, and might be either earned or inherited. In the SCA, the term is used as the Old English equivalent of "baron", and is therefore reserved. Old English usage puts the title after the name: Ælfred cyning, Leofric eorl, Lyfing arcebisceop. The submitted name is thus exactly in the form that would have been used by a period thane. That fact, along with the Society use of the title, and its hereditary nature in period, outweighs the documented use of Thane, Thaine as a surname later in period. It must therefore be returned as presumptuous. (OED, under the entries for earl, king and thane; '93 E.Brit., vol.11, p.672; Reaney DBS II, pp.112, 345). (Lucius Thayne, July, 1993, pg. 15)
    Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme 1993.07 A large part of the Society's re-creation involves titles: bestowing them, earning them, using them. A fundamental axiom is that title, rank and honor may not simply be claimed; John can't call himself Sir John unless he is, in fact, a Knight of the Society. The College's Rules on presumption (in particular, Rule VI.1) follow from this axiom: we won't register any name that sounds like a claim to title, rank or honor.

    If someone were to submit an obvious titular claim --- say, Michael Rex --- then the need for return is fairly clear-cut. It's the less straightforward cases that give us headaches: when the "claim" is ambiguous, or when a title evolves into a documented period name. How can we judge which borderline cases are truly presumptous, and which are acceptable?

    Examples of period usage help, but don't settle the matter; we also deal with SCA usage, and the perceptions of folk within the Society. (If period usage were our sole guide, then Lord wouldn't be our lowest-ranking title, nor Master one of our highest.) Our lodestar may be found in the Corpora section on Titles (VII.C): our main concern is the appearance of landedness, and of noble or hereditary rank. That, and the list of Society titles, provide some guidelines for judging names, to be balanced with period documentation.

    Let me give some concrete examples of the balance we try to keep. The classic example is the given name Regina: a documented given name, but also the Latin for "queen", and on the College's list of titles for use in the Society. If it weren't documented as a name in period, it probably wouldn't be registerable at all (the current case for its masculine counterpart Rex); but as it is documented, it can be used so long as it doesn't violate Corpora's ban on the appearance of landedness. Regina the Baker is acceptable; Regina of Germany is not.

    Other names may be acceptable because, even interpreted as titles, they don't interfere with the Society's official title structure. Mary the Apprentice would be registerable because the name implies neither landedness nor official SCA rank. Robert Abbot would be registerable because the "title" is a documented byname, and again implies no official SCA rank. (However, Robert Abbot of Lincoln would imply territoriality, and would be returned.)

    Our biggest headache to date has been the title Master/Mistress. Its Society usage as a title of peerage would prevent anyone registering, say, Peter the Master --- despite Master being a documented byname in a number of cultures. Peter the Brewing Master or Peter the Falconry Master are likewise unacceptable, as would be translations into other tongues. This is a case where Society usage takes precedence over such documented bynames as Baumeister. Short of a time machine set for A.S. II, when the first Masters of the Laurel were created, I don't see that anything can be done about the problem at this late date.

    The submission that prompted this discussion (Lucius Thayne) was one of these borderline cases. Thaine, Thayne is a documented surname; it's also a rank and title, both in period and in the Society (the OE alternative title for Baron). Its etymology, and literal translation, is "servant"; but that's also the literal translation of knight, so the fact didn't help much. Thane certainly implied landedness in period. The fact that a period thane would have used his title as [Name] thegn, the exact structure of the submitted name, was the deciding factor for me; it gave the submission the appearance of a claim of rank, exactly what our Rules are meant to prevent. Without that final point, the period documentation might have sufficed to make the name acceptable; I really don't know. But you see, now, what sort of juggling act we have to perform --- and why universal satisfaction is impossible. (20 August, 1993 Cover Letter (July, 1993 LoAR), pp. 3-4)

    Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme 1993.03 [Falkemeister]Meister (master) is a reserved title in the SCA, and may not be registered --- either alone, or in combination. (David Falkemeister, March, 1993, pg. 19)
    Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme 1992.10 [Sara Annchen Baumeister] Until such time as the Board of Directors releases the title Master for use by the populace, it must be considered a title of peerage in the Society; we will not register any name that claims to be a "Master [anything]". In the case of the Master Bowmen of the East (LoAR of July 90), it was ruled: "We cannot, in good conscience, register a title reserved by Corpora to peers to any non-peerage group, no matter in what form they propose to use it." The same argument applies to individuals. (Sara Annchen Baumeister, October, 1992, pg. 24)
    Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme 1992.09 Baatour is a Mongolian title analogous to "knight;" in the variant spelling Bahadur, it has been reserved as a Society title, for use by Mongol-persona Knights, on the LoAR cover letter of 13 Sept 89. As such, it may not be registered in a name. (Timur Baatour Khitai, September, 1992, pg. 47)
    Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme 1992.09 The sennachie, or seanchaidhe, were more than simply historians; they studied and told the old tales and legends, and were the keepers of genealogy and tradition in Ireland and the Scottish highlands. The sennachie became a semi-hereditary class, similar to bards; and it's worth noting that the office of the High Sennachie was the precursor to the Lyon King of Arms. As such, seanchaidhe is a title and rank, not merely the Irish for "historian"; it may not be registered as a household name. (Seonaid of Nairn, September, 1992, pg. 46)
    Wilhelm von Schlüssel 1982.02.26 [Regina.] The College is opposed to the use of titles in names. We have received documentation that Regina specifically was a common given name in our period. Therefore, we will allow the use of Regina as a given name so long as there is no indication in the name that a claim to royalty exists. This means that Regina must be the first word of the Society name and that the Society name may not be in Latin, and that the word Regina may not be followed by any translation of "of X," where X is a place name, as that could indicate that the person was queen of that place. This use of Regina does not imply permission to use any other titles as names (e.g., you still can't have Earl or Rex). WVS [63] [LoAR 26 Feb 82], p. 7
    Wilhelm von Schlüssel 1981.10.26 [Regina.] Appeal accepted on the grounds that Regina is her mundane given name. This name is not available for general use, as it is a title. WVS [55] [LoAR 26 Oct 81], par 7
    Wilhelm von Schlüssel 1982.02.26 I have deleted Thaine because Thaine is a title, not a name. WVS [63] [LoAR 26 Feb 82], p. 4
    Wilhelm von Schlüssel 1981.10.26 The word khan was omitted, as it is a title and may not be used in a name. WVS [55] [LoAR 26 Oct 81], p. 3
    Wilhelm von Schlüssel 1981.08.13 The College of Arms does not register titles of any sort along with the Society name. WVS [49] [CL 13 Aug 81], p. 3
    Wilhelm von Schlüssel 1981.07.29 [Regina.] You cannot use titles as given names, even if it is your given name. The given-name exception allows names that are otherwise out of period, but does not provide exemption from the other rules on names. WVS [48] [LoAR 29 Jul 81], p. 13
    Wilhelm von Schlüssel 1981.07.29 Titles such as Rex, Regina, or Sir cannot be used, even if they are given names. WVS [48] [LoAR 29 Jul 81], p. 8
    Wilhelm von Schlüssel 1981.01.23 "Earl" cannot be used with a place name, as it implies the title of Earl. WVS [34] [LoAR 23 Jan 81], p. 11. ["Earl" was being used in this case as a given name.]
    Karina of the Far West 1977.11.11 You may not use the nickname Dracul, as it is the name of an ancient award. (KFW, 11 Nov 77 [16], p. 9)
    Karina of the Far West 1977.08.11 Pendragon is not a surname but a title, Chief of the Dragon (i.e., Wales). Even without the Red Dragon it would be unacceptable. (KFW, 11 Aug 77 [14], p. 7)
    Karina of the Far West 1976.10.29 Take another surname. Chagan is a variant of Old Turkish khagan "king, sovereign." Khagan or Kha Khan, the Mongol variant, was rejected as a title by Temujin (Genghis-Khan), though his heirs used it. (KFW, 29 Oct 76 [9], p. 6)
    Karina of the Far West 1976.01.30 "Khan" is a royal title and you may not use it. (KFW, 30 Jun 79 [25], p. 12)
    Karina of the Far West 1976.01.30 [N. Basiliskus.] You cannot be "the Basilisk." (The term is a Greek adjective meaning "resembling a king", which was later applied to a nonhuman monster.) (KFW, 30 Jun 79 [25], p. 58)
    Karina of the Far West 1976.01.30 Bahadur is a hereditary title. Please take another surname. (KFW, 30 Jun 79 [25], p. 80)
    Karina of the Far West 1976.01.30 Please document the use of "Koenig," meaning "king," as a surname for non-royalty during our period. (KFW, 30 Jun 79 [25], p. 69)
    Ioseph of Locksley 1974.07.31 "Nevsky" is a title and may not be used!!! (IoL, 31 Jul 74 [76], p. 7) [This is incorrect. Nevsky (Russian "of the Neva") was a surname earned by Alexander, prince of Novgorod, after his victory over a strong Swedish army at the Battle of Neva in 1240.]
     
    Titles (incl. Surnames) that do NOT Imply Rank
    François la Flamme 2003.10 Listed on the LoI as Charles of Amesbury, this name was submitted as Friar Charles de Amesbury, Wiltshire. The name was changed at Kingdom to match available documentation.

    Friar falls into the same category as Brother. Both are titles or forms of address which carry no implicit assertion of rank. Brother as a form of address was recently discussed:

    In the case of this name, the element Brother in Brother Timothy is a form of address, not a name element. We do not register forms of address regardless of whether they would be presumptuous, such as Lord or Mistress, or whether they would not be presumptuous, such as Brother or Goodwife. The submitter is welcome to use Brother, as in Brother Timothy, as his preferred form of address, but this use of Brother is not registerable. [Timothy Brother, LoAR 11/2002, A-Artemisia]

    Similarly, this submitter is welcome to use Friar as his preferred form of address. [Charles de Amesbury, 10/2003, A-East]

    François la Flamme 2003.11 The registerability of Brother as a given name was the topic of much discussion during the commentary process.

    Reaney & Wilson (p. 68 s.n. Brothers) dates the names Broder, Brodor, and Brodre to 1066. As they are listed as single element names found in the Domesday Book, they are almost certainly used as given names. This entry also dates Willelmus filius Brother to 1202 and says that this name derives from:

    ON Bróðir, ODa Brothir or OE br{o-}ðor 'brother', used in ME of a kinsman (1382) and a fellow-member of a guild or corporation (1362).

    While the use of this name in reference to kinsman and a guild member is as a descriptive byname, the existance of given name forms, including those cited from the Domesday Book, support the plausibility of Brother as a given name form. Additionally, E. H. Lind, Norsk-Isl�dska Dopnamn ock Fingerade Namm fr�n Medeltiden, column 171, lists an entry for the given name Bróðir and lists examples of forms of this name found in the 14th and 15th C, providing additional support for forms of this name used as given names.

    Based on this information, Brother is plausible as a given name form in period. As such, it is registerable when it does not appear to be a form of address. When used as a form of address, Brother is still not registerable (as is true for all forms of address), though the submitter may use it:

    The problem with this name is not a presumption issue since Brother Thomas is no more presumptuous than a name such as Thomas the Monk would be. In the case of this name, the element Brother in Brother Timothy is a form of address, not a name element. We do not register forms of address regardless of whether they would be presumptuous, such as Lord or Mistress, or whether they would not be presumptuous, such as Brother or Goodwife. The submitter is welcome to use Brother, as in Brother Timothy, as his preferred form of address, but this use of Brother is not registerable. Therefore, we have registered this name in the altered form forwarded by Kingdom. [Timothy Brother, 11/2002 LoAR, A-Artemisia]

    In this case, Brother does not appear to be a form of address because it is followed by Liston, which can only be a locative byname or an inherited surname. Therefore, Brother must be the given name in this submission. [Brother Liston Brounyng, 11/2003, A-Ansteorra]

    Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) 1992.02 "Dona is not the same as the title Doña, and therefore is not subject to restriction as a title." (LoAR 2/92 p.15).
    Da'ud ibn Auda (1st year of 1st tenure) 1990.12 [Huscarl] "Huscarl is not a restricted title, any more than is 'the Apprentice', or, perhaps more appropriately, 'the Fighter'." (LoAR 12/90 p.8).
    Wilhelm von Schlüssel 1982.02.26 [Regina.] The College is opposed to the use of titles in names. We have received documentation that Regina specifically was a common given name in our period. Therefore, we will allow the use of Regina as a given name so long as there is no indication in the name that a claim to royalty exists. This means that Regina must be the first word of the Society name and that the Society name may not be in Latin, and that the word Regina may not be followed by any translation of "of X," where X is a place name, as that could indicate that the person was queen of that place. This use of Regina does not imply permission to use any other titles as names (e.g., you still can't have Earl or Rex). WVS [63] [LoAR 26 Feb 82], p. 7
    Wilhelm von Schlüssel 1981.10.26 [Regina.] Appeal accepted on the grounds that Regina is her mundane given name. This name is not available for general use, as it is a title. WVS [55] [LoAR 26 Oct 81], par 7
    Wilhelm von Schlüssel 1981.08.13 The College of Arms does not register titles of any sort along with the Society name. WVS [49] [CL 13 Aug 81], p. 3
     
    Heraldic Titles
    François la Flamme 2004.01 [Chequey Herald] No documentation was presented and none was found that a heraldic title in period would have been drawn from field divisions or field treatments, rather than charges. Lacking such evidence, this title is not registerable. [West, Kingdom of, 01/2004, R-West]
    François la Flamme 2003.12 [Blanc Gryffon Herald] Submitted as Blanc Gryphon Herald, The OED (s.n. Griffin) dates a number of spellings of this word to period including Griffon (1300s), Grifphon (1386), Griffoun (1400), Greffon (1435), Gryffon (1481), and Griphin. Further information from the herald for whom this title is intended indicates that, based on this information, she would prefer the period spelling Gryffon. We have made this change. [Ansteorra, Kingdom of, 12/2003, A-Ansteorra]
    François la Flamme 2003.10 [Gorges Pursuivant] Submitted as Gurges Pursuivant, Clarion found that "The OED dates the first citation of gurges to 1661". While we register heraldic titles based on the names of charges, we register the period names and spellings of those charges.

    In this case, Siren found that the name of this charge in period was roelé rather than gurges:

    Brault, Early Blazon, s.n. rouelé says that <Rauf de Gorges> or <Rauf Gorges> bore roelé d'argent et d'azur in Glover's Roll; this could be done based on the title/surname model for heraldic titles.

    Following Siren's suggestion, we are registering this title using the pattern of heraldic titles derived from surnames, using the documented period form of Gorges shown in Brault, in order to register this name. [An Tir, Kingdom of, 10/2003, A-Æthelmearc]

    François la Flamme 2003.09 [Stags Attire Herald] Submitted as Stag's Attire Herald, we have dropped the apostrophe, as no evidence was found of its use in period. [Outlands, Kingdom of the, 09/2003, A-Outlands]
    François la Flamme 2003.07 [Heraldic title Alefounder Pursuivant] There was some question regarding whether this title followed a pattern used for heraldic titles in period.

    This title was submitted as a heraldic title based on a surname. Alefounder was documented as a surname from Reaney & Wilson (p. 6 s.n. Alefounder) which dates Walter le Alefoundre to 1275 and John Alefonder to 1381. Owen Herald, registered by Atlantia in May of 1994, was submitted under the model of using a surname as the basis for a heraldic title. The documentation provided by Atlantia in the LoI at that time was:

    A survey of English heraldic titles found in The College of Armes, Being the 16th and Final Monograph of the London Survey Committee, shows five heraldic titles that came from last names. These are: Calveley, (pg 243), dating from 1383, Herald of Sir Hugh Calveley; Chandos (pg 246), dating from c 1366, herald of Sir John Chandos; Montagu (pg 279), dating from 1373, herald of William de Monagu[sic]; Percy, (pg 292), dating from 1387, when he was serving Sir Thomas Percy; and Talbot (pg 300) c 1456, herald to John Talbot Earl of Shrewsbery.

    Of the titles noted by Atlantia, four are based on surnames derived from placenames and the fifth, Talbot, derives from a patronymic byname or a descriptive byname. In no cases do any of these titles derive from occupational bynames. Given these examples, the submitted title is not authentic, but it is plausible enough to be registerable.

    Heraldic titles for use by an SCA branch may be registered to the branch (for example, Gemshorn Pursuivant registered to the Barony of Mag Mor in July 2001) or may be registered to the kingdom with a note that the heraldic title is for the use of the branch (for example, Onyx Pursuivant registered to the Kingdom of Æthelmearc in August 1999 and noted as being for use by the Barony of Blackstone Mountain). (In either case, the title must be approved by the kingdom to which the branch belongs per the Administrative Handbook, section II.B.4.)

    In this case, the title Alefounder Pursuivant is registered to the Kingdom of Lochac and is noted as being for use by the Shire of Mordenvale. [Lochac, Kingdom of, 07/2003 LoAR, A-Lochac]

    François la Flamme 2003.06 [Heraldic title Papyrus Scroll Pursuivant] No documentation was presented and none was found to support [type of material] Scroll as a period pattern for a heraldic title as required by RfS III.2.b.iii. Lacking such evidence, this title is not registerable. [Ansteorra, Kingdom of, 06/2003 LoAR, R-Ansteorra]
    François la Flamme 2003.06 [Heraldic title Open Scroll Pursuivant] No documentation was presented and none was found to support [posture/position] [charge] as a period pattern for a heraldic title as required by RfS III.2.b.iii. Lacking such evidence, this title is not registerable. [Ansteorra, Kingdom of, 06/2003 LoAR, R-Ansteorra]
    François la Flamme 2003.06 [Heraldic title Escroll Pursuivant] The LoI stated that this title was being submitted as a heraldic title based on a charge. Brachet notes:

    If an escroll is a ribbon with a motto on it then it is not an heraldic charge. Also we do not register ribbons, so this title will have to be returned.

    Lacking evidence that this this title follows a period pattern for a heraldic title as required by RfS III.2.b.iii, this title is not registerable. [Ansteorra, Kingdom of, 06/2003 LoAR, R-Ansteorra]

    François la Flamme 2003.06 [Heraldic title Gonfanon Pursuivant] No documentation was submitted for this name at all. The LoI simply stated that this title was: "previously registered to the West and released in December '93. We now wish to re-register [it]."

    Items that are released and resubmitted fall into the category of new submissions. The Grandfather Clause does not apply since the items are no longer registered. Such items must be redocumented when they are resubmitted, just as if they were a new submission.

    The missing documenation was provided by multiple members of the College. Crescent states:

    A gonfanon is a period heraldic charge (qv Flag, Pictorial Dictionary, arms of the Counts of Auvern, c. 1275) and thus Gonfanon Pursuivant follows the period practice of using the name of a heraldic charge as a title.

    As documentation was found for this submission, it may be registered. [West, Kingdom of, 06/2003 LoAR, A-West]

    François la Flamme 2003.05 [Heraldic title Coquille Pursuivant] Heraldic titles for use by an SCA branch may be registered to the branch: for example, Gemshorn Pursuivant was registered to the Barony of Mag Mor in July 2001. They may also be registered to the kingdom with a note that the heraldic title is for the use of the branch: for example, Onyx Pursuivant was registered to the Kingdom of �thelmearc in August 1999 and noted as being for use by the Barony of Blackstone Mountain. (In either case, the title must be approved by the kingdom to which the branch belongs per the Administrative Handbook, section II.B.4.)

    In this case, the title Coquille Pursuivant is registered to the Kingdom of An Tir and is noted as being for use by the Barony of Seagirt. [An Tir, Kingdom of, 05/2003 LoAR, A-An Tir]

    François la Flamme 2003.05 [Heraldic title Jade Dragon Herald] The LoI stated that "This is a Heraldic title created from an Order named for the Jade Dragon token given to it's [sic] recipients." However, Atlantia does not have an order named "Order of the Jade Dragon" registered. Therefore, Jade Dragon is not grandfathered to them for use in a heraldic title and must be documented. Kraken notes:

    The OED dates the first occurrence of jade with this meaning in English to 1727, well out of even our grey area. All earlier citations use Spanish or French, and they only go back to 1595 (1569 if you count the all-Spanish passage). Its use as an adjective is dated to 1865.

    Lacking evidence that Jade would have been used as an adjective to describe an item in period, it is not registerable. [Atlantia, Kingdom of, 05/2003 LoAR, R-Atlantia]

    François la Flamme 2003.05 [Heraldic title Bræs Hæt Herald] No documentation was presented and none was found that Bræs Hæt Herald follows a pattern of period heraldic titles as required by RfS III.2.b.iii. Evidence was found for heraldic titles using the pattern [color] [charge] as noted by Electrum:

    While I can cite numerous examples of colour + charge (Bluemantle, Eagle Vert, Rouge Dragon, Rouge Croix, Blanc Sanglier), I was only able to find two eamples where the title was not clearly <colour> + <charge> as opposed to <material> + <charge> Leon d'Or Pursuivant (1446) and Toison d'Or King of Arms. Toison d'Or does not help, as that is derived from the Order of Chivalry, rather than the other way around. Leaving Leon d'Or. Neither Wagner and London, "Heralds of the Nobility" nor Walter, The College of Arms, Queen Victoria Street suggest that this title is derived from a Lion Or, noting that Dudley, to whom the herald was attached in 1446 used as his arms Or a lion queue forche vert.

    These examples support the construction [color] [charge], including Golden as a color, but do not support the construction [any general metal] [charge]. Lacking such evidence, this title is not registerable.

    Additionally, the phrase Bræs Hæt is not grammatically correct. Bræs 'brass' is a noun form in Old English. The corresponding adjectival form is Bræsen. [Artemisia, Kingdom of, 05/2003 LoAR, R-Artemisia]

    François la Flamme 2002.11 [Cross Flury Herald] Submitted as Cross Flury Herald, the LoI noted that the preferred spelling was Flury, but that Fleury was acceptable, and requested that the spelling Flory be avoided. �orfinn Hrolfsson found support for Flury as a variant of the English form Flory:

    The OED does note the alternate spelling of Flury, but it does not date the reference. Some dated spellings are Flourré from 1420, Flory from 1483, Flurri from 1486 and Florie from 1572.

    Given the range of these spellings, the submitted Flury is reasonable as a period English form of the documented English Flory/Flurri. [Ansteorra, Kingdom of, 11/2002, A-Ansteorra]

    François la Flamme 2002.09 [Heraldic title Culuerene Herald] Submitted as Culverin Herald, a culverin was documented as an early firearm dating to the 15th C and a type of cannon dating to the 16th and 17th C. The OED dates the submitted spelling culverin to the 19th C. Some period forms listed are the Latin Colubrinas (1466), and the English Culuering (1515), and Culuerene (1549).

    No evidence was provided and none was found of of a culverin as a period heraldic charge. However, among the armory registered to SCA members (as opposed to important non-SCA armory), there are five pieces of armory with cannons, one with a pole-cannon, and one with cannon barrels. Given these registrations, combined with the documentation of the term in English in period, it seems reasonable to give the submitter the benefit of the doubt and register this title.

    As the submitted spelling was a post-period form, we have changed the spelling to Culuerene, dated to 1549, in order to register this name. [Calontir, Kingdom of, 09/2002 LoAR, A-Calontir]

    François la Flamme 2002.06 [Turtle Ship Herald] This is a resubmission with additional documentation of an identical heraldic title that was returned in the August 2001 LoAR, which stated:

    The LoI stated that "The 'Turtle ship' is a period iron-clad warship used by the Korean Admiral Yi Sun Shin to defeat various Japanese Armadas in a series of naval battles between 1592-1598".

    However, no accompanying documentation was submitted with this title, and the College did not find any evidence that Turtle Ship was the period name for this type of ship. Presumably, the name would have been in Japanese or Korean.

    Metron Arison found the following references to 'Turtle Ship': "Turtle Ship Dock at Seoul in Korea (a replica turtle ship) and [in] a couple of arcade or role-playing game books".

    However, none of these sources give dated evidence of the name turtle ship in period.

    Without such documentation, this submission must be returned.

    Black Pillar concisely summarized the issues with the additional documentation provided with this appeal:

    The submitter has proven that there were iron-clad warships in period, that they were called k�buks�n, and that they are now called "turtle ships." None of the documentation presented in this appeal actually dates the term "turtle ship" to period, which is what Laurel asked for in the return.

    Several points came up during commentary that need to be addressed. The largest issue is whether names from Korean are registerable. No documentation was presented and none was found (either in the current submission or in the previous submission) that Korea had significant contact with pre-17th C Western culture. Such documentation is necessary in order to be able to register a Korean name. Lack of such documentation has been cause for return in the past:

    More important, significant interaction between Tibet and pre-seventeenth century Western culture has not been demonstrated. The Encyclop�dia Britannica dates the first visits to Tibet by Western missionaries to the 17th century, and the fact that the 8th century Tibetan kingdom had some contact with the Arab conquerors of Iran still leaves Tibetans at least two removes from Western Europe. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR November 1995, p. 16)

    If evidence is found of significant contact between Korea and Western Europe and a Korean personal name is deemed to be registerable, Korean may not be registerable for a non-personal name. Japanese placenames have been disallowed as group names, even though Japanese personal names are registerable:

    [Returning Ryuugatani, Shire of.] There was a fair amount of commentary with the belief that a Japanese place-name does not appear to fall within the defined scope of the Society, which is pre-17th Century Western culture (RfS I.1. See also "Scope of the Society: Period and Culture" in the Organizational Handbook, pp. 74-75). "Its domain includes Europe and areas that had contact with Europe during this period." (RfS I.1.) It was noted that while there was clearly some contact in very late period between Europe and Japan, and evidence that some few Japanese actually visited Europe, the contact between Europe and Japan was not great enough to justify a Japanese place-name in pre-17th C. Europe. [6/94, p.17]

    Part of this issue is the question of whether heraldic titles in Oriental languages are registerable in general. There have been only three registrations of heraldic titles from Oriental languages. Both Monsho Herald and Nihonyama Pursuivant were registered long enough ago that the O&A is unsure of the date. Monsho Herald was released in June 1986 and Nihonyama Pursuivant was released in December 1990. Chagama Herald Extraordinary was registered in December 1987. In this case, the LoAR noted that chagama was Japanese for 'tea pot'. Of specific relevence is the fact that the return of the name for the Shire of Ryuugatani is more recent than any of these three heraldic title registrations. As noted by Brachet:

    There is still no evidence that the artifact or the name were known in period IN EUROPE. No evidence is presented that Europeans even knew of these ships. The only way this makes sense as a title is as a translation from the Korean/Japanese, and the fact that the famous battles are in 1597-1598 argues (in our minds convincingly) that this is simply not a probable English heraldic title in period.

    The current submission provided documentation that the type of ship called a k�buks�n dates to the mid-fifteenth century, though the famous battles in which they were used occured in 1597-1598. However, none of the documentation indicated that this type of warship was known to Western Europeans or that the term turtle ship is anything but modern.

    In addition to the issues discussed so far, there is the fact that limitations have been placed on the use of the Lingua Anglica Allowance:

    The use of lingua franca translation is extended only to single, simple descriptives. Given names, for instance, may not normally be translated into their putative meaning: e.g. Bear may not be used as a given name, even though it's the lingua franca translation of the given name Björn. Placenames, hereditary surnames, and bynames from different languages (e.g. French and German) likewise don't fall under the lingua franca allowance. (28 March, 1993 Cover Letter (January, 1993 LoAR), pp. 2-3)

    The Lingua Anglica Allowance has been used in conjunction with only one household name, one branch name, and one order name. Of these, only the household name is more recent than the Lingua Anglica ruling quoted above. The household name was for the Brotherhood of the Seven Holy Sleepers of Ephesus (registered May 1996). While the household name was submitted as a Lingua Anglica form of the same household name in Finnish that was also registered at that time, the legend of these saints was likely known in England, making this a plausible household name in English, regardless of the Lingua Anglica Allowance.

    To summarize the issues with this submission:

    No documentation has been provided to demonstrate that Korea had significant contact with Western Europe in period to make even Korean personal names registerable.

    Registerability of personal names and non-personal names from non-Western European cultures require different levels of contact. Sufficient contact for a personal name to be registerable is not necessarily sufficient contact to allow registration of non-personal names such as branch names, order names, and heraldic titles.

    The scope of the Lingua Anglica Allowance has been extended to descriptive bynames used in personal names. In that ruling, it was specifically stated that the Lingua Anglica Allowance did not apply to placenames and surnames. As the normal pattern of heraldic titles is to preserve the title in its original language, it is not appropriate to extend the Lingua Anglica Allowance to heraldic titles. (For example, in period English documents, French heraldic titles are routinely rendered in French or in phonetic English equivalents rather than being translated into English.)

    No evidence has been provided that Turtle Ship Herald, or even K�buks�n Herald, follows the pattern of period heraldic titles as required by RfS III.2.b.iii. It would seem that the theory is that the ship in question might be registerable as a heraldic charge. And that if it were, it would then be a plausible source for a heraldic title. However, there is no ruling allowing a k�buks�n as a heraldic charge and no evidence of one has been found in period armory. Lacking either evidence of an item used in period heraldry or a ruling that an item may be used as a charge in SCA armory, that item (in this case, a k�buks�n) is not a candidate for a heraldic title based on the name of a heraldic charge.

    [Trimaris, Kingdom of, 06/2002, R-Trimaris]
    François la Flamme 2002.05 [Irendon Herald] This title was submitted as a heraldic title formed from a placename. However, the only example found of a placename with Iren- as a protheme is Irenacton which prepends Iren- to an already existing placename, Acton. Evidence was found of -don used as a deuterotheme in placenames (including Blaydon), but no evidence was found of Don as an independent placename. Lacking such evidence, Irendon does not follow the pattern of Irenacton and is not a plausible placename. [Northshield, Principality of, 05/2002, R-Middle]
    François la Flamme 2002.02 [Loggerhead Herald] The LoI documented loggerhead: "A loggerhead is an iron tool. It is dated to 1588 in Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary." The OED gives the 1588 citation as a quote from Shakespeare: "Ah you whoreson logger-head, you were borne to doe me shame". The OED gives the meaning of logger-head in this context as "a thick-headed or stupid person, a blockhead". The first example of loggerhead referring to an iron tool is in 1687. Lacking evidence that loggerhead referred to a tool in period, it cannot be used in a heraldic title based on the form [charge] Herald and we must return this title. [Calontir, Kingdom of, 02/02, R-Calontir]
    François la Flamme 2002.02 [Gray Hawk Herald] This conflicts with Greyhawk, a setting for Dungeons and Dragons. Greyhawk was trademarked by TSR in 1987. Section III.A.6 of the Administrative Handbook says:
    Names of Significant Geographical Locations from Literary Sources�Locations in period or modern literary works of all genres may be protected on a case by case basis. Such protection will be afforded if the College of Arms deems them worthy of protection.
    Significant location names in role-playing games have been cause for return in the past (Shire of Blackmoore, September 1991, Meridies; Tadhg Liath of Duncairn for House Moonsea, October 1991, Ansteorra; Morana Blackmore for household name Ravenloft, June 1990, Caid). Given the prominence of TSR's Greyhawk, it is protected and this title must be returned. [Calontir, Kingdom of, 02/02, R-Calontir]
    François la Flamme 2002.02 [Falconet Herald] There was some question regarding whether or not this submission conflicted with Falcon Pursuivant or King of Arms (ruled as protected and included in the O&A in 8/87). There is a precedent:
    [registering House Loch Mor] This is clear of the registered branch names Lochmorrow and Lochmere. (Alina of Loch Mor, 2/96 p. 9)
    Falcon and Falconet have about as much diffence in sound and appearance as Loch Mor and Lochmorrow. Therefore, this heraldic title is clear of the protected Falcon Pursuivant or King of Arms.

    While the word falconet dates to 1559, the OED defines it as "A light piece of ordnance of various calibres", not as a type of bird. The word falconet only dates to 1851 as a type of bird. As the 1559 definition refers to an item which could conceivably be used as a heraldic charge, this title is registerable. [Calontir, Kingdom of, 02/02, A-Calontir]
    François la Flamme 2002.02 [Condor Herald] As stated by Garnet, "The word condor was adopted into English from Spanish, where it is found in the 16th century (the Andes were explored during the 1530s)." As the condor was a New World animal known in the 16th C, this name follows the pattern of heraldic titles based on charges. [Calontir, Kingdom of, 02/02, A-Calontir]
    François la Flamme 2002.01 [Sail Herald] A sail appears as a heraldic charge in Guillim, A Display of Heraldrie, 2nd ed. (1632), p. 312. As a sail is documented as a heraldic charge in our grey area, it is acceptable as the basis for a heraldic title. [Trimaris, Kingdom of, 01/02, A-Trimaris]
    François la Flamme 2002.01 [Ounce Herald] Ounce is cited from the OED as "a name originally given to the common lynx, afterwards extended to other species, and still sometimes applied to the Canada lynx and other species. From 16th Century applied to various other small or moderate-sized feline beasts, vaguely identified." Given this definition, Ounce falls into the category of an item which may be used as a heraldic charge. Heraldic titles were routinely based on heraldic charges. [An Tir, 01/02, A-An Tir]
    François la Flamme 2001.10 [Sable Ferret Herald] This title is being returned for use of Sable in a heraldic title.
    [Sable Roundel Herald] While heraldic titles of the type <tincture> <charge> are no longer generally acceptable unless the tincture is specified with an everyday word, Ansteorra has already several heralds' titles of the type Sable <charge>. [Ansteorra, Kingdom of, 06/00, A-Ansteorra]
    As Trimaris has no heraldic titles including Sable already registered, they cannot call on the Grandfather Clause. As such, this submission must be returned. [Trimaris, Kingdom of, 10/01, R-Trimaris]
    François la Flamme 2001.08 [Turtle Ship Herald] The LoI stated that "The 'Turtle ship' is a period iron-clad warship used by the Korean Admiral Yi Sun Shin to defeat various Japanese Armadas in a series of naval battles between 1592-1598".

    However, no accompanying documentation was submitted with this title, and the College did not find any evidence that Turtle Ship was the period name for this type of ship. Presumably, the name would have been in Japanese or Korean. Metron Arison found the following references to 'Turtle Ship': "Turtle Ship Dock at Seoul in Korea (a replica turtle ship) and [in] a couple of arcade or role-playing game books". However, none of these sources give dated evidence of the name turtle ship in period. Without such documentation, this submission must be returned. [Trimaris, Kingdom of, 08/01, R-Trimaris]
    François la Flamme 2001.08 [Vox Viverra Sum Herald] This is returned for lack of documentation of Vox [animal reference] Sum as following examples of period heraldic titles. I can do no better than to quote my predecessor, Master Pietari Pentinpoika Uv, Pelican King of Arms, quoting Mistress Jaelle of Armida, Laurel Queen of Arms, quoting Master Da'ud ibn Auda, Laurel King of Arms:
    Grammatically the title should be Vox Maris. However, the title has style problems as well as grammatical ones. To quote Mistress Jaelle of Armida, Laurel Queen of Arms, quoting Master Da'ud ibn Auda, Laurel King of Arms:
    [Artemisia, Kingdom of. Title for Vox Grypis Herald] This is being returned for non period style. In a similar case, Master Da'ud as Laurel said:
    "[returning Vox Draconis Pursuivant] The previous version, Dragon's Voice Pursuivant, was returned 3/95 for failure to emulate period models as required by RfS III.2.b.iii; translation into Latin doesn't bring it any closer. It was suggested that it might derive from a motto Vox draconis sum 'I am the voice of the dragon', but the period examples noted all comprise the entire motto, and no evidence was presented that Vox draconis sum is a reasonable imitation of a period motto. (Caid, Kingdom of, 10/95 p. 18)"
    Barring documentation that this follows period exemplar of heraldic titles, it must be returned. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR, June 1998)
    No such documentation was provided this time, either. [Trimaris, Kingdom of, 06/00, R-Trimaris]

    No such documentation was provided this time, either. [Trimaris, Kingdom of, 08/01, R-Trimaris]

    Elsbeth Anne Roth 2001.03 [Ambre Pursuivant] Submitted as Ambres Pursuivant, Crescent indicated he would prefer Ambre. We have recently registered several other precious stones as heraldic titles, so we can change this one to the preferred form. [Caid, Kingdom of, 03/01, A-Caid]
    Elsbeth Anne Roth 2000.08 [Merlin Pursuivant] The question was raised in commentary whether this title conflicts with the literary person Merlin. However, personal names and other names are two separate categories. [Calontir, Kingdom of, 08/00, R-Calontir, returned for lack of paperwork]
    Elsbeth Anne Roth 2000.08 [Raptor Pursuivant] ... contrary to what the LoI claims, the name is not "the name of a hunting bird from the hawk, eagle or falcon families, which were common during period". To quote Metron Ariston:
    In classical and medieval Latin raptor is the term for a thief or plunderer or even a rapist, essentially anyone who seizes upon something and carries it away. The earlier English usage for this term follows that meaning. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the use of the term for the order of birds of prey would appear to be a nineteenth century usage.
    The name does not appear to follow period examples of heralds' titles, any more than the synonymous Rapist Pursuivant would. [Calontir, Kingdom of, 08/00, R-Calontir]
    Elsbeth Anne Roth 2000.07 [Azure Decrescent Herald] Azure is used as an adjective in period not only for heraldic charges in an English context but also for normal English nouns. [Atlantia, Kingdom of, 07/00, A-Atlantia]
    Elsbeth Anne Roth 2000.06 [Argent Panthère Herald] While heraldic titles of the type <tincture> <charge> are no longer acceptable where the tincture is specified with the usual terminology of English blazon, titles where the tincture is specified with an everyday word are. Changing panther to the French panthère was a minor change, which the submitters allowed; it also made the title follow such known English examples as Rouge Croix Pursuivant and Rouge Dragon Pursuivant. We were thus able to register this. [Ansteorra, Kingdom of, 06/00, A-Ansteorra]
    Elsbeth Anne Roth 2000.06 [Gullinkambi Herald] As noted, Gullinkambi is Old Norse for 'Golden Comb'. While names of deities are not as such appropriate for heraldic titles, names of the type <tincture> <charge> are, when both tincture and charge are specified in everyday language. We also allow heraldic titles in languages where such titles were not used. [Ansteorra, Kingdom of, 06/00, A-Ansteorra]
    Elsbeth Anne Roth 2000.06 [Sable Roundel Herald] While heraldic titles of the type <tincture> <charge> are no longer generally acceptable unless the tincture is specified with an everyday word, Ansteorra has already several heralds' titles of the type Sable <charge>. [Ansteorra, Kingdom of, 06/00, A-Ansteorra]
    Elsbeth Anne Roth 2000.06 [Argonaut Herald] No evidence was supplied that mythological names as such were used as heralds' titles. [Trimaris, Kingdom of, 06/00, R-Trimaris]
    Elsbeth Anne Roth 2000.06 [Vox Mar Herald] Grammatically the title should be Vox Maris. However, the title has style problems as well as grammatical ones. To quote Mistress Jaelle of Armida, Laurel Queen of Arms, quoting Master Da'ud ibn Auda, Laurel King of Arms:
    [Artemisia, Kingdom of. Title for Vox Grypis Herald] This is being returned for non period style. In a similar case, Master Da'ud as Laurel said:
    [returning Vox Draconis Pursuivant] The previous version, Dragon's Voice Pursuivant, was returned 3/95 for failure to emulate period models as required by RfS III.2.b.iii; translation into Latin doesn't bring it any closer. It was suggested that it might derive from a motto Vox draconis sum `I am the voice of the dragon', but the period examples noted allcomprise the entire motto, and no evidence was presented that Vox draconis sum is a reasonable imitation of a period motto. (Caid, Kingdom of, 10/95 p. 18)
    Barring documentation that this follows period exemplar of heraldic titles, it must be returned. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR, June 1998)
    No such documentation was provided this time, either. [Trimaris, Kingdom of, 06/00, R-Trimaris]
    Elsbeth Anne Roth 1999.10 [Order of the Caltrop] The name conflicts with Caltrop Pursuivant, which is registered to the Kingdom of Calontir. Æthelmearc has a letter to conflict from the King and Queen of Calontir. However, current practice allows someone owning Order of the X to use X Pursuivant and vice versa. Therefore two such items are effectively identical. Since we cannot register two identical items even with permission, the order name must be returned. [Æthelmearc, Kingdom of, 10/99, R-Æthelmearc]
    Elsbeth Anne Roth 1999.07 [Paramount Pursuivant] This title conflicts with Paramount Pictures, which the College of Arms feels is a non-SCA name important enough to protect. Also, we'd like to see more evidence of adjectives used as heraldic titles in period. [Atenveldt, Kingdom of, 07/99, R-Atenveldt]
    Jaelle of Armida 1999.02 [Title for Émail Herald] Even if émail was an appropriate term for a heraldic title, this would be returned for obtrusive modernity. Everyone who commented on this title from outside of An Tir found it obtrusively modern. Everyone thought of e-mail when reading or hearing the title. [An Tir, Kingdom of, LoAR 02/99, An Tir-R]
    Jaelle of Armida 1998.06 [Artemisia, Kingdom of. Title for Vox Grypis Herald] This is being returned for non period style. In a similar case, Master Da'ud as Laurel said:

    [returning Vox Draconis Pursuivant] The previous version, Dragon's Voice Pursuivant, was returned 3/95 for failure to emulate period models as required by RfS III.2.b.iii; translation into Latin doesn't bring it any closer. It was suggested that it might derive from a motto Vox draconis sum `I am the voice of the dragon', but the period examples noted all comprise the entire motto, and no evidence was presented that Vox draconis sum is a reasonable imitation of a period motto. (Caid, Kingdom of, 10/95 p. 18)

    Barring documentation that this follows period exemplar of heraldic titles, it must be returned. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR, June 1998)

    Jaelle of Armida 1998.06 [Artemisia, Kingdom of. Title for Wormwood Pursuivant] This is being returned for non-period style. Period heraldic titles were formed from surnames, place-names, names of heraldic charges orders of chivalry and mottos. Barring evidence that Wormwood is one of the above it must be returned. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR, June 1998)
    Jaelle of Armida 1996.07 [returning Syntaxis Pursuivant] While a book is a fine heraldic charge, we know of no example of a specific book being so used. This plus the fact that Latin heraldic titles are an undocumented practice places this two steps from period practice. (Ansteorra, Kingdom of, 7/96 p. 15)
    Jaelle of Armida 1996.07 [returning Twilight Herald] This name is not in keeping with period practice of naming heralds after heraldic objects, places, or surnames. (Ansteorra, Kingdom of, 7/96 p. 15)
    Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) 1996.01 [returning Jessant-de-lys Pursuivant] The few apparently adjectival period heraldic titles do not support the indiscriminate use of adjectives as heraldic titles; all of them name qualities of character or spirit and could reasonably serve as mottos. Jessant-de-lys is neither a plausible motto nor a description of character or spirit, nor is it the name of an heraldic charge; it therefore does not appear actually to follow the period models that it most nearly resembles. (Middle, Kingdom of, 1/96 p. 29)
    Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) 1995.12 [returning Ursine Pursuivant] Ursine `bearlike' is neither a plausible motto nor a description of character or spirit and therefore does not appear actually to follow the period models that it most nearly resembles. (Meridies, 12/95 p. 19)
    Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) 1995.11 [registering Hapenny Herald] Although the submitted spelling has not been documented, it can reasonably be extrapolated from the 16th century spellings Hapeney and Happenny. The common noun halfpenny became a surname and thus a potential heraldic title. (Calontir, Kingdom of, 11/95 p. 5)
    Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) 1995.10 [returning Vox Draconis Pursuivant] The previous version, Dragon's Voice Pursuivant, was returned 3/95 for failure to emulate period models as required by RfS III.2.b.iii;

    translation into Latin doesn't bring it any closer. It was suggested that it might derive from a motto Vox draconis sum `I am the voice of the dragon', but the period examples noted all comprise the entire motto, and no evidence was presented that Vox draconis sum is a reasonable imitation of a period motto. (Caid, Kingdom of, 10/95 p. 18)

    Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) 1995.04 [returning Ordonnance Pursuivant] The title's meaning here ("systematic arrangement, esp. of written materials ... a plan or method of literary or artistic composition") does not appear to follow any of the period exemplars for heralds' titles. (West, Kingdom of, 4/95 p. 11)
    Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) 1994.05 [Registering Golden Dolphin Herald.] To borrow from Baron Bruce's words in the March 1993 LoAR and apply them to this case, the title is taken from the Order of the Golden Dolphin, already registered to Atlantia. It is an ancient and honorable tradition to name heraldic officers after orders: Garter and Toison d'Or (Golden Fleece) are well-known medieval examples, while the classic Society example is (ahem) Laurel. [5/94, p.3]
    Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme 1993.09 Short mottos sometimes became became heraldic titles in period. Franklyn and Tanner's Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Heraldry cites the following: the Ich Dien Pursuivant who served the Prince of Wales, c.1475 (p.179), and Il Faut Faire Pursuivant; maintained by Sir John Falstaf and from his word or motto (p.180). We will accept such heraldic titles on a case by case basis. (East Kingdom, September, 1993, pg. 11)
    Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme 1993.03 [Taurine Pursuivant] While most heraldic titles in period are nouns (Garter, Lyon), there are a few examples taken from war-cries (Montjoie) and adjectives (Volant) [name accepted]. (Taurine Pursuivant (Middle Kingdom), March, 1993, pg. 13)
    Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme 1993.03 It is an ancient and honorable tradition to name heraldic offices after orders: Garter and Toison d'Or (Golden Fleece) are well-known medieval examples, while the classic Society example is (ahem) Laurel. (Kingdom of the East, March, 1993, pg. 5)
    Baldwin of Erebor 1984.12.16 Society practice considers a change of adjective to be sufficient difference between two heraldic titles, but not the addition of an adjective. [BoE, 16 Dec 84, p.11]
     
    Transfer of Heraldic Titles
    François la Flamme 2003.08 While, as a new submission, this would probably conflict with the Swedish Order of the Seraphim, the conflict is grandfathered to the group, as Seraph Pursuivant was registered to the West in April 1981 for this barony's use, and transferred to Caid in August 1987. (In the past, heraldic titles for branches were required to be registered to their kingdom.) [Angels, Barony of the, 08/2003 LoAR, A-Caid]
    François la Flamme 2003.07 [Transfer of heraldic title Chagama Herald Extraordinary to Keridwen of Montrose] No letter of transfer from the Outlands was received for this submission. Also, no letter of acceptance of transfer from Keridwen of Montrose was received. [Outlands, Kingdom of the, 07/2003 LoAR, R-Outlands]
    François la Flamme 2002.10 [Acceptance of transfer of heraldic title (from West, Kingdom of the) and change to Crux Australis Principal Herald]

    This is an acceptance of a transfer of the heraldic title Crux Australis Herald (registered in June 1985) from the West and a change of the designator from Herald to Principal Herald. [Lochac, Kingdom of, 10/2002, A-Lochac]

    François la Flamme 2002.10 [Acceptance of transfer of heraldic title (from West, Kingdom of the) and change to Aquarius Herald]

    This is an acceptance of a transfer of the heraldic title Aquarius Pursuivant (registered in February 1989) from the West and a change of the designator from Pursuivant to Herald.

    Heraldic titles for use by a barony may be registered to the barony (for example, Gemshorn Pursuivant registered to the Barony of Mag Mor in July 2001) or may be registered to the kingdom with a note that the heraldic title is for the use of the barony (for example, Onyx Pursuivant registered to the Kingdom of Æthelmearc in August 1999 and noted as being for use by the Barony of Blackstone Mountain). In this case, the title Aquarius Herald is registered to the Kingdom of Lochac and is noted as being for use by the Barony of River Haven. [Lochac, Kingdom of, 10/2002, A-Lochac]

    Jaelle of Armida 1997.04 After much thought we have decided to allow heraldic titles to be transferred to individual heralds under the following conditions:

    1. The title must have been granted to the individual herald by the crown of the kingdom and the principal herald of the kingdom (except in cases where the Principal Herald is receiving a personal title for himself), or by the Laurel Sovereign, as a personal title for the herald.

    2. The transfer must appear on a letter of intent, and follow all the requirements of any transfer.

    3. The title will be counted as a name, when seeing how many registered items the person has. (Cover Letter 4/97)

     
    Heraldic Titles - some general issues
    François la Flamme 2002.10 [Acceptance of transfer of heraldic title (from West, Kingdom of the) and change to Aquarius Herald] Heraldic titles for use by a barony may be registered to the barony (for example, Gemshorn Pursuivant registered to the Barony of Mag Mor in July 2001) or may be registered to the kingdom with a note that the heraldic title is for the use of the barony (for example, Onyx Pursuivant registered to the Kingdom of Æthelmearc in August 1999 and noted as being for use by the Barony of Blackstone Mountain). In this case, the title Aquarius Herald is registered to the Kingdom of Lochac and is noted as being for use by the Barony of River Haven. [Lochac, Kingdom of, 10/2002, A-Lochac]
    Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) 1994.10 The consensus of the College being that we should drop the unhistorical practice of the form of address "Lord [Heraldic title]" and "Lady [Heraldic title]", the use of placenames for heraldic titles need no longer be prohibited on the grounds that "Lord/Lady [placename]" could be considered a claim to "landedness". As a consequence, the subtext of Rule for Submission III.2.b.iii (Heraldic Titles) is hereby replaced with the following sentence:

    These are generally drawn from surnames (Chandos Herald, Percy Herald), place-names (Windsor Herald, Calais Pursuivant, Sicily Herald), names of heraldic charges (Crosslet Herald, Estoile Volant Pursuivant, Noir Lyon Pursuivant), names of orders of chivalry (Garter King of Arms), and mottos (Ich Dien Pursuivant, Esperance Pursuivant). (CL 10/94)

    Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme 1993.09 It is poor policy to give a canton, and an incipient canton at that, an heraldic title, but this is an internal matter for the kingdom involved. (East Kingdom, September, 1993, pg. 11)