WARNING: All rulings on this page have been superseded by the Standards for Evaluation of Names and Armory (SENA). For lingual combinations which are currently allowed without documentation, please see SENA Appendix C. For discussion of allowable temporal disparity, please see SENA PN.2.C..
| Laurel: | Date: (year.month.date) | Precedent: |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.05 | Submitted as Ailís inghean Muirgen of Derrybawn, the submitter requested authenticity for 14th-16th C Irish. We have changed the name to Ailís inghean Mhuirghein to partially comply with this request. Muirgen is a Middle Irish Gaelic name, and we have no evidence that this form remained in use into the the 14th C period; therefore, we substituted an appropriate Early Modern Irish spelling. The patronymic was in the nominative case; we have put it in the genitive case and lenited the the first letter to comply with Gaelic grammar. Finally, an Anglicized locative is out of place in an authentic Irish Gaelic name; it has been dropped. [Ailís inghean Mhuirghein, 05/04, East] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.05 | Submitted as Constance inghean Conchobair, the patronymic mixes a Middle Irish Gaelic patronymic with the Early Modern Irish Gaelic patronymic particle. In addition, Gaelic grammar requires that patronymics beginning with the letter C must lenite or soften when used as part of a feminine name. Therefore, we have changed the name to Constance ingen Chonchobair to make the patronymic temporally consistent and to correct the grammar.
This name mixes English and Gaelic orthographies in a single name; this is one step from period practice.[Constance ingen Chonchobair, 05/04, A-Middle] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.05 | Submitted as Emma Idunn, this name combines an English given name and an Old Norse given name. Because Old Norse does not use unmarked patronymics, Idunn is not a properly formed byname. The properly constructed Old Norse form would be Idunsdottir.
To make this name registerable, the byname must either be changed to a close English form or to the properly constructed Old Norse form. Because a name mixing Middle English and Old Norse is one step from period practice, we have changed this name to Emma Idone, an all English form. Unmarked patronymics are common in English. Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, dates this spelling of the byname to 1327. The change from Idunn to Idone is also a smaller change in sound and appearance than the change from Idunn to Idunsdottir. [Emma Idone, 05/04, A-Aethelmearc] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.05 | Submitted as Hrothgar Ivarsson, the submitter requested authenticity for 10th-11th C. As submitted, the name mixes an Old English form of the given name with an Old Norse patronymic. An authentic name combining these elements in period would have been written completely in Old English or completely in Old Norse depending upon the language of the document in which the name was recorded. We have changed the name to Hróðgeirr Ívarsson, a fully Old Norse form of this name to fulfill his request for authenticity. [Hróðgeirr Ívarsson, 05/04, A-Aethelmearc] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.05 | This name combines Welsh and Anglicized Gaelic elements, which is one step from period practice.[Kendal Macalpin, 05/04, A-Middle] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.05 | This name combines a Spanish given name with an Anglicized Irish surname. Names mixing Spanish and Anglicized Gaelic elements are not registerable [Sanchia O'Connor 7/97]. Nebuly puts it succinctly: "Withycombe does indeed document the given name Teresa to 1515-82, but as a Spanish name." [Teresa Mac Connelly, 05/04, R-Caid] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.05 | This name combines English and German elements, which is one step from period practice. Some commenters wondered whether Rheinfels was a period spelling for this name, but no one found a period citation for this undoubtedly period castle. Therefore, we are giving the submitter the benefit of the doubt for the spelling of the byname. [Godfrey von Rheinfels, 05/04, A-Atenveldt] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.05 | While not in itself a reason for return, the name mixes English and Spanish, which is a step from period practice. The given name, Isabella, was documented from Withycombe, The Oxford Dictionary of English Given Names. Unfortunately, Withycombe is an unreliable source for names outside of England. The Spanish form of Isabella is Isabel or Ysabel; the name is found in these spellings from the 13th through the 16th C. If the submitter is interested in an authentic Spanish name, we suggest that she use one of these spellings. [Isabella Maria-Magdalena Fernandes de Chaves, 05/04, R-Trimaris] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.04 | This name mixes an English place name with an otherwise Scots name; such a mixture was declared one step from period practice in September 2001. However, many Scots name forms are identical to English name forms. Furthermore, many of the standard sources used by the SCA College of Arms, including the Oxford English Dictionary and Reaney & Wilson, Dictionary of English Surnames, make no distinction between English and Scots forms. We are therefore overturning this precedent, and declaring that names combining Scots and English forms are no longer considered a step from period practice. [Michael Duncan of Hadley, 04/04, A-Caid] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.04 | This name combines Gaelic and Scots, which is one step from period practice. [Muireadhach Fairley, 04/04, A-Lochac] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.04 | The submitter requested an authentic name with "the first name Norse and the second name Scottish." While there is a great deal of evidence for Norsemen adopting Gaelic names and vice versa, there is no evidence that Norse and Gaelic orthographies were combined in this manner. This name combines Norse and Gaelic orthographies, which has been ruled one step from period practice. As submitted, it's not authentic although it is registerable.
To make this name authentic, it should be in entirely in either Norse orthography or Gaelic orthography. An entirely Norse form would be Einarr Domnalsson; Talan Gwynek's draft article "Old Norse Forms of Early Irish Names" gives Domnall as the normalized form of the runic "tomnal", which is found in an inscription on a 12th C Icelandic sword hilt. As the College has been unable to find a Gaelic form of Einarr, we cannot speculate on a fully Gaelic form of this name. [Einarr mac Dhòmhnuill, 04/04, A-Calontir] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.04 | This name combines Gaelic and Scots orthographies, which is one step from period practice. [Caitrina de Bruce the Fowler, 04/04, A-Artemesia] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.04 | The name combines English and Flemish. Barring documentation of such combinations, this is one step from period practice. [Rosalind Ryne, 04/04, A-Lochac] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.04 | By precedent, combining French and German in a single name is one step from period practice. [Gabrielle von Friedrichsthal, 04/04, A-Calontir] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.04 | The second problem is that the name mixes an English given name with a Lithuanian byname. As no documentation was submitted showing contact between these two cultures, and none found by the College, such combinations cannot be registered. The submitter may want to consider using a German form of Katherne, since there was contact between Germany and Lithuania in period. Some forms are Katherin 1337, Katherine 1366, and Kethe 1365.
Finally, the name combines a German preposition with a Lithuanian name in the same name phrase. The Rule for Submission III.1.a says "Each phrase must be grammatically correct according to the usage of a single language." Barring documentation that Risna is a German form of this place name, these two words cannot be combined in a name phrase. A better alternative would be to use an appropriate Lithuanian form for the locative byname. However, since we do not know the appropriate form for the place name, we are unable to suggest its byname form. [Katherne von Risna, 04/04, R-Lochac] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.03 | Mixing Gaelic and English orthography in the same name is vanishingly rare and is considered one step from period practice. [Eithne of Brechin, 03/04, A-Caid] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.03 | This combines an Italian given name with a French byname, which Laurel precedent considers a step from period practice. [Isabetta Delecroix, 03/04, A-Meridies] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.03 | While we know of no examples where Norse and Russian are used in the same name, there is enough contact between the cultures for this to be only one step from period practice.
The submitter specified an interest in having the name be authentic for a language and/or culture, he did not specify which culture. We are, therefore, not able to change the name to meet this request. The name Ari viligisl would be an entirely Norse form. We were unable to find an entirely Russian form. [Arii viligisl, 03/04, A-Caid] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.03 | This name adds an Italian placename to an otherwise Spanish name. Although the submitter provided documentation for Soldano as a placename in period, no documentation was provided that this particular form was used in Spain. A Laurel precedent of August 2001 holds that combining Spanish and Italian in a single name is a step from period practice, hence registerable. [Diego Rivera de Soldano, 03/04, A-Caid] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.03 | The combination of Russian and French is at least a step from period practice. A fully French form of this name is Taurin Sanglier. [Tauron Sanglier, 03/04, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.03 | Cyneswith is an Old English feminine given name dated to 656. Old English and Gaelic is registerable with a weirdness (see the discussion for Eithne of Cantwaraburg, registered in August 2002). In order to avoid a second weirdness for a temporal disparity, the byname would need to be dated no later than 300 years after the date for Cyneswith. Ó Corráin & Maguire (p. 85 s.n. Eithne) give Eithne as the name of a woman who died in 795 and who was the daughter of "Domnall Mide, the high-king". This reference supports Domnall as a mid to late 8th C name, less than 300 years after the date for Cyneswith. Therefore, the name Cyneswith ingen Domnaill would be registerable with a single weirdness for combining Old English and Old Gaelic in a name. [Cyneswith a bíth inghean Domnaill, 03/2004, R-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.03 | [...] This name includes a Hungarian masculine given name, Lorand, in an otherwise English name. Lacking evidence of significant contact between speakers of Hungarian and English in period, a name combining these languages is not registerable.
The submitter indicated that sound was most important to him. Colm Dubh's article "An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris" (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/paris.html) lists Lorent de Tongues. As a name combining English and French is registerable, we have changed the Hungarian Lorand to the French Lorent to resolve the lingual combination issue in order to register this name. [Sabin Lorent Axstell of Mordaf, 03/2004, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.03 | Submitted as Shire of Bull Pytt, the submission mixed the Old English pytt with the late period English Bull. This combination is not registerable, as it violates RfS III.1.a, which require linguistic consistency within a name phrase (such as a placename). Siren was able to suggest possible registerable forms:
As Bull Pitte is the closest plausible Middle English form to the submitted Bull Pytt, we have changed the submitted name to that form to register it. [Bull Pitte, Shire of, 03/2004, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.03 | Sudentor was submitted as Middle English with the documentation:
However, there are a couple of issues with the proposed form Sudentor. First, the example of Sudendune dated to the Domesday Book is Old English (or a Latinized form of an Old English placename). It is not Middle English. Second, the cited examples of Dunstore and Eofede torr support -tore as the second element in a dithematic placename and torr as the second word in a two element placename. Neither supports -tor as a Middle English deuterotheme (second half) of a dithematic (two-element, one-word) placename. As a result, the submitted form Sudentor is actually a mix of Old English and Middle English. RfS III.1.a requires linguistic consistency within a name phrase. Therefore, this name must be changed to a fully Old English or a fully Middle English form in order to be registerable. Ekwall (s.n. Siddington) dates the form Sudingdone to 1286, showing Suding- as a Middle English form of the earlier Suden-. Therefore, a fully Middle English form of this name would be Sudingtore. Ekwall (s.n. Dunster) dates the form Torre to the Domesday Book. Therefore, Sudentorre would be a form of this name consistent for the language of the Domesday Book (mainly Latinized Old English). Of these two forms, Sudentorre is closer than Sudingtore in sound and appearance to the submitted Sudentor. As the submitters allow minor changes, we have changed this name to the form Sudentorre in order to register this name. [Sudentorre, Canton of, 03/2004, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.03 | The byname ap Erwin does not violate RfS III.1.a, which requires lingual consistency. Though ap was documented as Welsh and Erwin was documented as English, evidence has been found of late period Welsh using English names in bynames that include ap or ferch. This issue has previously been addressed by the precedent:
As a result, the byname ap Erwin is registerable as a Welsh byname that incorporates an English name, which follows documented period practice. [Rhydderch ap Erwin, 03/2004, A-Æthelmearc] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.03 | This name has multiple problems.
The given name is documented from a Web page that asserts that Ogar was the name of a king of Urhai (modern Edessa) who Eusebius says corresponded with Jesus. Nebuly provided this information:
As the documentation does not support Ogar as a period spelling, it is not registerable. Drakon, rather than Dracon, is a Greek given name. However, no documentation was presented that it was also a reasonable byname construction in Greek. Barring that evidence, it cannot be registered as a byname. The submission combines a 1st C A.D. name of unclear origin with a Greek name from the 7th C B.C. The LoI did not discuss the language spoken in Urhai/Edessa; Nebuly's and Siren's research suggests that it was probably Syriac but may have been Greek. If Syriac, the name clearly has two weirdnesses, one for mixing Syriac and Greek and a second for combining elements with over 600 years between them. As the College did not have the opportunity to consider the evidence for this lingual mix or for the language(s) spoken in Urhai/Edessa, this combination cannot be registered. [Ogar Dracon, 03/2004, R-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.03 | This name is being returned for having two weirdnesses.
Iror is documented as an Old Norse masculine given name in Geirr Bassi (p. 12). As such, it is undated but appropriate for up to approximately 1100. The word insane was documented as an English word dated to 1550. Therefore, this name has one weirdness for combining Old Norse and Middle English and one weirdness for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years. Any changes we could make in order to register this name would involve a complete change of the byname. The College found a number of options that may interest the submitter. As there are multiple options, and the form gives no indication of what is most important to the submitter, we are returning this name and providing the information found by the College so that the submitter may choose how he wishes to proceed. A ruling found in the January 1997 LoAR lists a number of period Middle English bynames with similar meanings to the Insane:
A name combining the Old Norse given name Iror with one of these bynames would have one weirdness for combining Old Norse and Middle English in a single name, but would not have a weirdness for temporal disparity since the elements would be dated less than 300 years apart. Therefore, such a name would be registerable with only one weirdness. Silver Nautilus found an Old Norse byname with a similar meaning in Aryanhwy merch Catmael's article "Viking Bynames found in the Landnámabók" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/vikbynames.html), which lists the byname inn óði as having the meaning 'mad, frantic, raging'. This byname would support a Lingua Anglica byname such as the Mad, but not the Insane. Iror inn óði would be the fully Old Norse form of this name. [Iror the Insane, 03/2004, R-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.02 | Sufficient contact existed between Flanders and Scotland in period to make a name combining Flemish and Scots registerable, though this combination is a weirdness. [Tanne Comyn, 02/2004, A-Artemisia] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.02 | Submitted as Wolfgang Grothe zu Verron, Verron was documented by the submitter and by the College only as a French place name. As such, the phrase zu Verron combines the German zu with a French place name and, so, violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency within a name phrase. We have changed this byname to the fully French form de Verron in order to register this name. [Wolfgang Grothe de Verron, 02/2004, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.02 | As submitted, this name combined a 7th C Gaelic feminine given name with a byname using a modern French placename.
Combining Gaelic and French in the same name is registerable, though it is a weirdness. The temporal disparity between these name elements is greater than 300 years and may be more than 1000 years. Names with a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years but less than 1000 years carry a weirdness. Names having a temporal disparity of greater than 1000 years have long been unregisterable. In either case, the name had at least two weirdnesses and, so, was unregisterable. Maurienne is the modern French name for this location. The College was unable to find an example of this spelling dated to period, though it may (or may not) be reasonable as a late period form. The original Old French version of La Chanson de Roland, written circa 1090, mentions this valley in section CLXXII: "vals de Moriane" (http://www.fh-augsburg.de/~harsch/gallica/Chronologie/11siecle/Roland/rol_ch04.html). Based on this information, de Moriane would be a plausible form of this byname for the late 11th C. Dauzat & Rostaing (p. 480 s.n. Morienval) date the Latin form Mauriniane vallis to circa 570. Based on this example, a locative byname form appropriate for circa 570 would be de Maurinianum. Combining the byname form de Maurinianum with the submitted given name would remove the weirdness for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years, but it would raise a different issue. In the 6th C, people in the area that is now France were speaking Frankish and a kind of vulgar Latin that evolved to become Old French. Old French appeared in the 9th C and evolved for some time after that. The ruling allowing names combining Gaelic and French to be registered, but carry a weirdness, was based on the significant contact between Anglo-Normans who settled in Ireland beginning in the late 12th C. The Normans who invaded England in the 11th C spoke a form of Old French. Their descendants who settled in Ireland also spoke some form of this language. Therefore, we have support for significant contact between speakers of Gaelic and Old French (or a variant thereof). However, no evidence was found of significant contact between speakers of Gaelic and either Frankish or the vulgar Latin precursor of Old French. Lacking such evidence, a name combining these languages is not registerable. As we were unable to find a way to combine these name elements in a registerable manner, we must return this name. [Faílenn de la Maurienne, 02/2004, R-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.02 | This name combines a Welsh given name with a Spanish byname. No evidence was presented, nor could the College find any, that there was significant contact between Welsh speakers and Spanish speakers in our period. Barring such evidence, a name combining Welsh and Spanish elements is not registerable. [Gweneth Sastre, 02/2004, R-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.02 | The structure of this name raises issues as well. As submitted, it combines Persian and Roman name elements, an issue which the LoI did not address. Fortunately, the College was able to provide information that there was sufficient contact that the combination should be registerable, though with a weirdness. However, it combines a Persian given name with two Roman cognomen. Given that the majority of the name elements are Roman, the structure of this name must be judged in Roman terms.
The normal structure of a Roman name is [praenomen] [nomen] [cognomen], as in Caius Iulius Caesar. The elements Tigris and Iaxarticus are submitted as cognomens. Given names from other cultures do not map well to the Classical Roman trinomina system, but Darius could be considered equivalent to a nomen in the submitted name. A nomen followed by a cognomen, as in Iulius Caesar, is a normal use name in Classical Latin. There are many cases of Roman notables with multiple cognomens, such as Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus, who was also sometimes identified with just the cognomens as Scipio Africanus. However, no evidence was presented that the a nomen followed by multiple cognomens would be a reasonable usename for Classical Roman. Barring such evidence, the name cannot be registered in this form. [Darius Tigres Jaxarticus, 02/2004, R-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.01 | Listed on the LoI as Milissent Heathwait, this name was submitted as Milissent du Heathwait. The article du was removed at Kingdom as none of the documented examples of this byname contained an article.
An additional problem with the submitted byname du Heathwait was that it combined the French du 'of the' with Heathwait, which was documented as the modern English form of a location in England. The combination of French and English in a single name phrase violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency within a name phrase. No evidence was found that an Hea- spelling of this placename is plausible in period. A number of forms of this placename were found dated to period, including in Ekwall (s.n. Heathwaite), which dates the form Haithwait to c. 1175. We have changed this byname to the English form de Haithwait in order to resolve these issues and to make this name sound more like the submitted form (as the submitter indicated that sound was most important). [Milissent de Haithwait, 01/2004, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.01 | This name has one weirdness for mixing the English Athelstan with an otherwise Scots name and a second weirdness for a double given name in Scots. As the submitter allows no major changes, we were unable to drop one of the given names in order to register this name.
Additionally, no evidence was found that the spelling MacKendry is a plausible period form. Metron Ariston found a spelling quite close to the submitted MacKendry: [Malise Athelstan MacKendry, 01/2004, R-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.01 | This name is being returned for a combination of issues.
Briana is a literary feminine given found in Spanish and English in late period (see the Cover Letter for the December 2001 LoAR for details). Bronwen is an SCA-compatible Welsh feminine given name. Regarding Du Bois, the LoI stated:
In fact, the spelling dated to 1421 and 1423 in that source is du Bois not Du Bois. Therefore, this name has one weirdness for an element (Bronwen) that is SCA compatible. Additionally, this name (at best) combines Welsh, English, and French in a single name. The LoI did not address whether such a combination complies with RfS III.1, which states in part, "Each name as a whole should be compatible with the culture of a single time and place". At best, such a combination is a weirdness. Alternatively, it is not registerable. Regardless, this name has one weirdness for use of the SCA-compatible element and at least one weirdness for the lingual combination, and is, therefore, not registerable. As the submitter allowed no major changes, we were unable to drop the element Bronwen and register her name as Briana du Bois. [Briana Bronwen Du Bois, 01/2004, R-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.12 | This name mixes Spanish and Italian, a combination which has been ruled registerable, though with a weirdness. The LoI documented Gabriele as an undated Italian masculine given name. The College was able to find evidence of this name, in this spelling, in 14th to 16th C Italy. While the more common forms of a byname derived from the masculine given name Gabriele would be di Gabriele or Gabrieli, there are examples of unmarked patronymic surnames in period Italian. Therefore, this name may be registered as submitted. [Isabella Gabriele de Álora, 12/2003, A-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.12 | Engelbert was documented as the name of a saint who was born in 1185. However, the Web site used for documentation of this name merely lists saints. Many such sources routinely normalize the names of saints and, so, do not support the headers used for saints' names as appropriate spellings in period, even for the time period in which that saint lived. The College found support for the spelling Engelbertus in France dated to a917-42. Engelbert is likely a vernacular form of Engelbertus. The section "From Pelican: Regarding the Registerability of Saints' Names", in the Cover Letter for the September 2001 LoAR, explains the conditions under which saints' names are registerable, including:
No evidence was provided and none was found that Englebert was used later than the 10th C, even as a reference to this saint. Lacking such documentation, Englebert must be evaluated as a 10th C French name. While documentation was presented showing that pious was a word in 1603, no documentation was presented and none was found that the word pious was used before 1600. Descriptive bynames using words documented only to late period or just post-period are problematic. By the 16th C, inherited surnames had replaced literal descriptive bynames. Therefore, it is highly improbable that (1) a literal descriptive byname would have been used circa 1600, and that (2) it would have used a word new to the English language. At this time, descriptive bynames of this type are registerable on a case by case basis depending upon the plausibility of the byname in question. As a result, this name combines a 10th C French name with a circa 1603 English descriptive byname. There is no weirdness for combining French and English in a name. Therefore, this name has a single weirdness for combining elements with a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years and is registerable. [Engelbert the Pious, 12/2003, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.12 | Submitted as Donnghal Buchanan, Donnghal is an Early Modern Irish Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form of a name found in Old Irish Gaelic (c. 700 to c. 900) and Middle Irish Gaelic (c. 900 to c. 1200) as Donngal. No evidence was found of this name used later than circa 1100. Lacking evidence that this name was in use when Early Modern Irish Gaelic was in use, we have changed this name to the Middle Irish Gaelic form Donngal in order to register this name.
Buchanan is a location in Scotland. It is found as a byname in Scots (a language closely related to English) and in Latin in period. Aryanhwy merch Catmael notes that "R&W s.n. Buchanan cite Black for <de Buchanan> c.1270, 1373, <Buchanan> 1506-82." Based on this information, the submitted form of this name combined a Gaelic given name dated no later than circa 1100 with a Scots byname found in that form in the 16th C. As a result, it had one weirdness for combining Gaelic and Scots in a name and one weirdness for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years. We have changed the byname to a 13th C form in order to remove the weirdness for temporal disparity in order to register this name. [Donngal de Buchanan, 12/2003, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.12 | This name is being returned for (1) lack of evidence of significant contact between speakers of Polish and French (or Hungarian and French, depending upon how you view the given name) in period, and (2) grammatical issues with the byname.
Listed on the LoI as Kinga la Roux, this name was submitted as Kinga de la Roux, the byname was changed at Kingdom to better match available documentation. The LoI provided documentation of Kinga found in Polish records in period:
The LoI also notes that the person referenced in these records is a woman who went on to become a saint. Nebuly identifies that the woman in question is culturally Hungarian, even though she is found in Polish records:
Based on this information, the submitted name combines either Polish and French or Hungarian and French in a name. Regardless, neither combination has previously been addressed. As no evidence of significant contact was provided and none was found, this name must be returned for lack of documenation of this lingual mix. Regarding the submitted byname, the form la Roux is not grammatically correct. Colm Dubh's article "An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris" (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/paris.html) lists the masculine byname form le Rous (Lyon le Rous) and the feminine byname form la rousse (Aalis la rousse), both meaning 'the red'. Aryanhwy merch Catmael's article "Names Found in Commercial Documents from Bordeaux, 1470-1520" (http://www.sit.wisc.edu/~sfriedemann/names/bordeaux.htm) shows an inherited surname form: Leroux. Kingdom provided information from consultation with the submitter:
No evidence was found to support de 'of' used with any form of a byname la Rousse 'the red'. The byname forms la Roux and la Rous combine the feminine la with Roux and Rous, both of which are masculine. As none of these byname forms are grammatically correct, they are not registerable. [Kinga la Roux, 12/2003, R-Artemisia] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.11 | As submitted, Beorn was documented as Old English and Boghener as German, a mix that has previously been ruled unregisterable due to a lack of evidence of significant contact between speakers of these languages (for a recent discussion of this issue, see Leofric von der Ertheneburg, October 2003 LoAR, Drachenwald's returns).
However, Beorn is also a Swedish name dated to 1200 in Sveriges medeltida personnamn (s.n. Biorn). That form is registerable with a German byname, as there is a weirdness for the lingual combination of Swedish and German in a name, but none for temporal disparity. [Beorn Boghener, 11/2003, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.11 | Submitted as Skara Skye, the only evidence found for Skara was as an accusative form of the Old Norse masculine given name Skári. As a given name needs to be in the nominative case, we have changed the given name to the nominative form Skári, as allowed by the submitter, in order to register this name.
This name combines an Old Norse given name with the byname Skye, which may be considered either English or Scots (a language closely related to English). However, no support has been found for the spelling Skye before 1610:
Therefore, this name had two weirdnesses: one for combining Old Norse and English, and one for elements that are dated to more than 300 years apart. We have changed the byname to the form Skey in order to remove the temporal disparity and register this name. [Skári Skey, 11/2003, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.11 | This name combines Russian and French in a single name, which, under current precedent, is registerable with a weirdness. Therefore, we are giving the submitter the benefit of the doubt and registering this name.
A call for comments regarding the future registerability of this lingual combination is found in the Cover Letter for this LoAR. [Dobrushcha de Neuf-Claire, 11/2003, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.11 | This name combines a Norse given name with a German byname. There is a weirdness for the lingual combination, but it is registerable. There was considerable contact between Germany and Denmark, including Danish kings controlling the adjoining parts of modern Germany in the 12th and 13th century.
The submitter requested the German form of Sigurd if one could be found. Bahlow documents several names with the first element Sieg-, but not this name. They include the sound-alike Sighart dated to 1295. However, as it is not the same name, we declined to make that change. [Sigurd Grunewald, 11/2003, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | Submitted as Alane MacAonghais, the submitter requested authenticity for Gaelic and allowed minor changes.
As submitted, this name combines the given name Alane, which is Scots (a language closely related to English), with the Modern Gaelic (c. 1700 to present) family name MacAonghais. The corresponding Early Modern Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form of this family name, appropriate for late period Scotland, would be Mac Aonghais. We have changed the byname to this form in order to register this name. A man with this name in period would have had his name recorded completely in Gaelic or completely in Scots, depending upon the language of the document in which his name was recorded. Black (p. 453 s.n. MacAngus) dates Duncan Makangus to 1492. This information supports Alane Makangus as a fully Scots form of this name. Black (p. 451 s.n. MacAllan) lists the Gaelic form of this family name as "MacAilin or MacAilein". However, these are Modern Gaelic forms. Skene's transcription of a manuscript dated to 1467 lists multiple instances of the spelling Ailin, showing support for Ailin as a form dated to period. Therefore, Ailin Mac Aonghais is a reasonable Gaelic form of this name. A form of this name that consistently uses spellings found in Skene would be Ailin mac Aengusa. As the submitter only allowed minor changes, we were unable to change this name to a fully Gaelic form in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Alane Mac Aonghais, 10/2003, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | Listed on the LoI as Cineád O' Hosey, this name was submitted as Cináed O' Hosey and two letters were transposed in the given name on the LoI. The submitted documentation supported the byname form O'Hosey rather than O' Hosey. We have made this change.
As submitted, this name combined the Middle Irish Gaelic (c. 900 to c. 1200) Cineád with the Anglicized Irish byname O'Hosey, which was dated to the mid-16th C to the early 17th C. This name had one weirdness for combining Gaelic and Anglicized Irish in a name. There was a second weirdness for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years since the given name dates to pre-1200 and the byname dates to mid-16th C to early 17th C. We have changed the given name to the Early Modern Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form Cionaodh in order to remove the temporal disparity and register this name. [Cionaodh O'Hosey, 10/2003, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | Listed on the LoI as Pedrog Sylvrbeard, this name was submitted as Pedrog ap Sylvrbeard and was changed at Kingdom because the submitted byname combined the Welsh ap and the English Sylvrbeard in a single name phrase and, so, violated RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency within a name phrase. The submitter requested authenticity for 10th C "Welch/Norse [sic]" and allowed any changes.
Sylvrbeard was submitted as a constructed English byname. However, no support was provided for either the spelling Sylvr- or -beard in period. All of the period examples of bynames including forms of the elements 'silver' and 'beard' found by the College had the 'silver' element spelled as Silver- or Sylver- and the 'beard' element spelled as -berd. Lacking evidence that Sylvrbeard is a plausible form in period, we have changed the byname to the form Sylverberd in order to register this name. The submitter requested authenticity for 10th C "Welch/Norse". Lacking evidence that any of these elements are authentic for the 10th C in either Welsh or Old Norse, we were unable to make this name authentic for the submitter's requested time and languages. Additionally, support for a name mixing Welsh and Norse was not provided. As this issue was not addressed in this submission, we are declining to rule on the registerability of a name including Welsh and Norse elements at this time. Since the submitted name combines Welsh and English, which has been ruled on previously, we are registering this name as a mix of Welsh and English. [Pedrog Sylverberd, 10/2003, A-Ansteorra] [Pedrog Sylverberd, 10/2003, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | Submitted as Cináed MacFie, this name combined the Middle Irish Gaelic (c. 900 to c. 1200) given name Cináed with MacFie, which was documented as an undated byname in Scots (a language closely related to English).
No support was found for the submitter's desired form MacFie as a period form. Aryanhwy merch Catmael found dated forms of this byname in Black:
Based on these examples, MacFee is the closest supportable spelling to the submitted MacFie. We have changed the byname to this form in order to register this name. As submitted, this name had one weirdness for combining Gaelic and Scots in a name. There was also a weirdness for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years, since the given name dates to pre-1200 and the submitted form of the byname is only documented post-period. We have changed the given name to the Early Modern Irish (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form Cionaodh in order to remove the temporal disparity from this name. Thereby, having only the single weirdness for the lingual combination of Gaelic and Scots, this name is registerable. [Cionaodh MacFee, 10/2003, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | The submitter requested authenticity for Ireland, but allowed no changes. This submission combines a Middle Irish Gaelic (c. 900 to c. 1200) given name with an English byname that is plausible for the late 13th C or early 14th C. In period, a child of mixed Anglo-Norman and Gaelic parentage would have had his name recorded completely in Gaelic or completely in English (or Anglicized Irish) depending upon the language of the record in which his name was recorded. Additionally, while evidence has been found of Anglo-Norman given names being adopted into use by Gaels, evidence has not yet been found of Gaelic given names being used in families with Anglo-Norman surnames.
Lacking evidence that the name elements Cael and Saunders were in use in Ireland during the same time period, and lacking evidence that Gaelic and English would have been combined in period in this manner, this name is not authentic for the submitter's requested culture. [Cael Saunders, 10/2003, A-Æthelmearc] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | This name combines Old English and German, a combination that was ruled unregisterable due to the lack of documentation of significant contact between these cultures in the January 2003 LoAR.
This submission provided no evidence of significant contact between speakers of Old English and German. While the College found some evidence of contact between the area that is now Germany and Anglo-Norman England, no evidence was found of significant contact between speakers of Old English (rather than Middle English or Anglo-Norman French) and German. Lacking such evidence, the precedent ruling a name combining Old English and German to be unregisterable is upheld. As the submitter only allowed minor changes, and changing the language of a given name from Old English to Middle English is a major change, we were unable to change Leofric from an Old English form to a Middle English form (such as Leffrich dated to 1240 in Reaney & Wilson s.n. Leverage) in order to register this name. [Leofric von der Ertheneburg, 10/2003, R-Drachenwald] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | Submitted as Alastar Marcellius, the submitted requested authenticity for 6th C Irish/Roman and allowed any changes.
Since the submitter requested authenticity, there are several points that should be addressed. In the 6th C, the language used in Ireland was Oghamic Irish. Very few examples of Oghamic Irish inscriptions remain and it is not possible, with the information provided in the LoI and that found by the College, to postulate any form of the submitted name in Oghamic Irish. The combination of "Irish/Roman" is problematical. There was significant Roman occupation and influence in the area that is today England. However, no definite archaeological evidence has yet been found that Romans invaded or settled in Ireland as a group, though the "coastal site of Drumanagh, 15 miles north of Dublin ... 'may well have been (and probably was) a major trading station linking Ireland and Roman Britain. It was probably populated with a mixture of Irish, Romano-British, Gallo-Roman, and others, doubtless including a few genuine Romans as well'" (http://www.archaeology.org/magazine.php?page=9605/newsbriefs/ireland). This article notes that Roman coins found at this site date to the 1st and 2nd C A.D. An additional issue is that Roman influence in Britain ended well before the submitter's desired time period of the 6th C. By this time period, Romano-British as a culture had mostly faded as well, though a few Latin names continued in use. From this information, the culture that come closest to the submitter's desired 6th C Irish/Roman is a Romano-British man who lived before the 6th C and who could have visited or traded with Ireland. The submitted given name Alastar is an undated Gaelic form of the name Alexander. The name Alexander was in use among Romans, though no evidence was found that it was used among Romano-British. The name Alexander came into use among Scottish Gaels sometime after Alexander I ruled Scotland (reigned 1107-1124). This Alexander was a son of Malcolm III "Canmore" and his Anglo-Saxon wife Margaret. All of Malcolm and Margaret's children were given non-Gaelic names: Edward, Edmund, Ethelred, Edgar, Alexander, David, Matilda, and Mary. The name Alexander was in use among Scottish Gaels by the end of the 13th C. It first appeared in the forms such as Alaxandar, and Alaxandair. The first diminutive form of this name to appear was Alasdrann, which is found in reference to Scottish Gaels who died in the mid to late 15th C. Annals of Connacht (http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/G100011/), entry 1522.6, note a man from Scotland with the name Alusdur. The spellings that appear in the Annals of Connacht are not typical for Early Modern Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700). Alasdar and Alasdair would be forms more typical for Early Modern Gaelic. The first known instance of a Gael in Ireland with the name Alaxandair is a man whose sons are mentioned in annals entries for the years 1504 and 1508. No evidence has yet been found of any Irish Gaelic man in period whose name was any form of the diminutive Alasdar. No documentation was submitted and none was found to support Marcellius as a period variant of the documented Marcellus. Lacking such support, we have changed this element to the documented form Marcellus in order to register this name. The form of this name closest to being authentic for the submitter's desired time and culture would be the Latin Alexander Marcellus. It is an authentic name for a Roman who would have lived somewhat earlier than his desired time period. Though surviving records show no sign that the name Alexander came into use among Romano-British, it is a possibility. If it did, Alexander Marcellus would be a plausible name for a Romano-British man who could have visited or traded with Ireland. Therefore, we have changed the submitted name to this form to partially meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Alexander Marcellus, 10/2003, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.09 | Submitted as Tukka Kirk, there were issues with the documentation for Tukka and with the combination of languages in this name.
The given name Tukka was documented from Reaney & Wilson (p. 456 s.n. Tuck). However, this entry gives no dated examples of Tukka. Instead, this entry states, "... the frequent occurrence of the personal name in the 12th and 13th centuries suggests that we have an Anglo-Scand. *Tukka, a pet-form of ON Þorketil." None of the dated forms listed in this entry end in an a. Metron Ariston explains the notation in this entry, "[T]he discussion in the location cited in Reaney and Wilson [s.n. Tuck] presumes an unattested Tukka derived from the Old Norse. (The asterisk is a dead giveaway!)" Adding to the uncertainty of the form Tukka theorized by Reaney & Wilson is the information in Bardsley (s.n. Tuck), which cites Toka from a Latin entry in the Domesday Book: "'liber homo Stigandi Toka Francigine' (?Toka the Frenchman)". Based on this information, Tukka is, at best, an unattested Old English name formed as a diminutive of an Old Norse name. The byname Kirk was documented as appropriate for 15th to 16th C Scots (a language closely related to English). Combining Old English and Scots in a name has been previously been ruled to be reason for return (Dunno Jamesson, LoAR of March 2002). Reaney & Wilson (s.n. Tuck) date Tukke faber to 1101-7. As the submitter allows any changes, we have changed the given name to the Middle English Tukke in order to register this name. The submitter may wish to know that, since a final e is not silent in Middle English, the form Tukke would be pronounced approximately "TUH-keh" - fairly similar to a modern pronunciation of Tukka. [Tukke Kirk, 09/2003, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.09 | This name is being returned for combining German and Welsh in a single name which has previously been ruled reason for return (Anton Cwith, August 2001) barring evidence of significant contact between these two cultures. The name Alaric was documented from Withycombe (p. 4 s.n. Alaric). However, this entry gives no indication that the name Alaric was used in English in period. The only period information regarding this name provided by Withycombe is the statement that Alaric was "the name of several kings of the West Goths, notably Alaric I who sacked Rome in A.D. 410." This statement only supports Alaric as an early Germanic name. Lacking evidence that the name Alaric was used in a language whose speakers had significant contact with Welsh speakers, this name is not registerable.
No documentation was presented and none was found to support Morganygg as a variant of the placename Morgannwg found in Morgan & Morgan (s.n. Morgan). Lacking such evidence, Morganygg is not registerable. [Alaric Morganygg, 09/2003 LoAR, R-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.09 | Submitted as Gobbán Fahy, the submitter allows any changes. As submitted, this name combined Gobbán, which is an Old Irish Gaelic (c. 700 to c. 900) or Middle Irish Gaelic (c. 900 to c. 1200) form, with Fahy, which is an Anglicized Irish form. Woulfe (p. 522 s.n. Ó Fathaigh) dates the Anglicized Irish form O Fahy to temp. Elizabeth I-James I. Therefore, the submitted form of this name contained two weirdnesses: one weirdness for combining Gaelic and Anglicized Irish in the same name and one weirdness for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years. We have changed the given name to the Early Modern Irish Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form Gobán in order to remove the temporal disparity and register this name. [Gobán Fahy, 09/2003, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.09 | The submitter requested authenticity for 12th C French/Welsh, requested changes for the meaning 'Chiere, wife of Maredudd', and allowed minor changes.
In most cases, an authentic name in period that combined elements from two languages (in this case, French and Welsh) would be recorded all in one language or all in the other language depending upon the language in which the name was recorded. Clarion provided information regarding Welsh names that appeared in France:
Hercule Geraud, Paris sous Philippe-le-Bel: d'aprés des documents originaux et notamment d'aprés un manuscript contenant Le R�le de la taille imposée sur les habitants de Paris en 1292 lists a number of entries that use fame to mean 'wife of', including Ameline, fame Phelipe, de Pontaise (p. 7, column 1). Based on this information, a fully French form of this name, appropriate for the late 14th C, would be Chiere fame Mereduc. Lacking information regarding how the French feminine given name Chiere would be recorded in Welsh, we are unable to suggest a fully Welsh form of this name. Lacking evidence of significant contact between French speakers and Welsh speakers in the 12th C, we were unable to make this name authentic for the submitter's requested time period. As the submitter only allows minor changes, and changing the language of a name phrase is a major change, we were unable to change this name to the fully French form Chiere fame Mereduc in order to partially meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Chiere wreic Maredudd, 09/2003, A-Trimaris] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.08 | The College only found one example of the name Auguste dated close to period. Aryanhwy merch Catmael's article "French Names from 1601" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/french1601.html) lists the name August as appearing once, and the form Auguste as appearing once, in the source document. The College was unable to find any evidence that this name was used in France earlier than this time.
Therefore, this name combines a French given name dated to 1601 with an Old Norse byname. As Valason is documented from Old Norse sources that record names used before approximately 1100, this name has one weirdness for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years. This submission did not provide information regarding the level of contact between French speakers and Old Norse speakers. Depending upon the level of contact between speakers of these languages, combining French and Old Norse in a name is either a weirdness or not registerable. Either status, when combined with the temporal disparity, is cause for return in this name. Therefore, we are declining to rule on whether the combination of French and Old Norse in a name is a weirdness or unregisterable at this time. We would ask the College to consider this issue, that they may offer advice if this combination is submitted in the future. [Auguste Valason, 08/2003 LoAR, R-Ealdormere] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.08 | This submission documented Portia as a literary name in English, Magdalena as an Italian feminine given name, and Bosch as the name of a medieval painter, but did not note the language for this element. The lingual mix in this name caused much discussion. Metron Ariston found evidence for Portia in Italian:
Given the information found by Metron Ariston, this name may be considered as a combination of Italian and Flemish, which is a registerable combination, though it carries a weirdness. [Portia Magdalena Bosch, 08/2003 LoAR, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.08 | The documentation provided for this name on the LoI was:
This information does not support the use of -bai in period or that a women's name in period would have been taken from the name of goddess. Lacking such evidence, Indirabai is not registerable. Lacking evidence that Indira was used in period as a regular woman's name, it is not registerable. The College found information regarding the submitted byname At-tar:
Lacking evidence that the form At-tar is a plausible period form, it is not registerable. [Indirabai At-tar, 08/2003 LoAR, R-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.08 | This name combines an Anglicized Irish feminine given name with a Romany placename. However, no evidence was provided showing that Anglicized Irish and Romany were spoken in the same location in the same time period. Lacking such evidence, this lingual mix is not registerable as it does not meet RfS III.1, which states in part "As a rule of thumb, languages should be used together only if there was substantial contact between the cultures that spoke those languages [...] Each name as a whole should be compatible with the culture of a single time and place." Lacking evidence that Anglicized Irish speakers and Romany speakers had substantial contact in period, this combination is not registerable.
Additionally, there were problems with each element in this name. The information provided in the LoI for Ena was:
However, this information does not support Ena as a period Anglicization of the Gaelic feminine given name Eithne. As noted by Metron Ariston:
Lacking evidence that Ena is a period Anglicized Irish form of the Gaelic Eithne, it is not registerable. Weshen-eskey gav was documented as the Romany name for Epping, England. However, no evidence was found that this name dates to period. Further, no evidence was found that locative bynames were used in Romany in period. Either of these issues would be sufficient reason for return of this byname. As the submitter allows any changes, this name would be registerable as Eithne of Epping. However, it was generally felt that these changes were more substantial than is generally expected in a major change. Therefore, we are returning this name. [Ena Weshen-eskey gav, 08/2003 LoAR, R-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.08 | This submission combines an Old Norse given name with a Middle High German locative byname. Old Norse was still in use in 1100. It is generally agreed that Middle High German came into use before 1100. Therefore, Old Norse and Middle High German were in use at the same time. Given this information, combining Old Norse and Middle High German in a name is registerable, though it is a weirdness. [Tyrfingr von Wolfsberg, 08/2003 LoAR, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.07 | The elements Juan and Tegero were documented as Spanish. Balthazar was documented as Flemish.
Members of the College provided information regarding the level of contact between these cultures. Specificially:
Given this level of contact, combining Spanish and Flemish in an SCA name is registerable, though a weirdness. [Juan Balthazar Tegero, 07/2003 LoAR, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.07 | The byname of 'Akka violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name phrase. The byname of 'Akka combines the English of with the Arabic 'Akka in a case where the common English form of this placename, Acre, is different from the form of this placename in the original language. RfS III.1.a says in part:
Recent precedent discusses this issue:
In the case of this submission, 'Akka is an Arabic form of this placename. In English, it is rendered Acre. This name would be registerable as Katherine of Acre. As the submitter allows no changes, we were unable to make this change in order to register this name. [Katherine of 'Akka, 07/2003 LoAR, R-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.06 | The submitter requested authenticity for 10th C Welsh/Norse. As the College was only able to find forms of Gawain in English, we were unable to make this name authentic for either Welsh or Norse. As this name is registerable as a mix of English and Old Norse, the question of whether a name mixing Welsh and Old Norse is registerable is not an issue. Therefore, we are declining to rule on such a combination at this time. [Gawain Ivarsson, 06/2003 LoAR, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.06 | Submitted as Gustav Zizka, the submitter requested authenticity for 15th C Hussite (German/Czech). Gustav was documented from Withycombe. As previously stated:
German sources make it clear that Gustav was borrowed from Swedish; the College was unable to find evidence that it was used as a German given name before 1600. The spellings Gustaf and G�staff are found in Swedish (in Sveriges Medeltida Personnamn, vol. 9 s.n. G�tstaf). We have changed the given name to a form documented to period in order to register this name. Zizka is documented as a Czech byname. As there was extensive contact between Sweden and Czechoslovakia, including a large number of Swedes studying at the University of Prague, the combination of Swedish and Czech is registerable, though a weirdness. However, lacking evidence that any form of Gustav was used in German or Czech, we could not make this name authentic for Hussites (German/Czech) as requested by the submitter. [Gustaf Zizka, 06/2003 LoAR, A-Trimaris] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.06 | Listed on the LoI as Flavia Elena Glamorganshire, this name was submitted as Flavia Elena ab Glamorganshire. [...]
Flavia was documented in the LoI as "the name of a 6th C. female saint, martyred by Moorish corsairs". Upon examining the submitted documentation, it merely states that Flavia was a sister of a saint named Placidus, not that Flavia was a saint herself. Siren found other information regarding Flavia as the name of a saint:
As stated in "From Pelican: Regarding the Registerability of Saints' Names", included in the Cover Letter to the September 2001 LoAR, the names of saints are registerable as part of an SCA name, with some restrictions, including:
In this case, Flavia has been documented as a Roman saint. No evidence was provided, and none was found by the College, that an early saint named Flavia was known in the Middle Ages. Just as in the Sadok example above, we have no evidence that a Welsh, or even English, parent would have known of a saint named Flavia. If they did not know of a Saint Flavia, they could not have named a child for her in their language. Lacking references to one of these saints named Flavia in another language (such as Middle English), the name Flavia can only be considered as the (Roman) Latin name of a 1st and/or 6th C woman, and only appropriate for that language and time. Therefore, the submitted name combines a 1st and/or 6th C Roman Latin given name (Flavia), with a given name documented as both English and Welsh (Elena), and the English name for a Welsh shire (Glamorganshire). Lacking evidence that combining 6th C Roman Latin with Welsh spoken in the Middle Ages is plausible in period, this combination is not registerable. As the submitter allows major changes, we have dropped Flavia in order to register this name. [Elena Glamorgan, 06/2003 LoAR, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.06 | There was some question regarding the registerability of this name because Uther was submitted as a Welsh given name in an otherwise German name. Names combining Welsh and German have been ruled unregisterable (Anton Cwith, 08/01, A-Ansteorra).
The name Uther is found in Sir Thomas Mallory's Le Morte d'Arthur as the name of Arthur's father. As such, is is a literary name known in English. Precedent allows registration of Arthurian names:
Therefore, this name is registerable as an English given name in an otherwise German name. Combining English and German in a name is registerable, though it is a weirdness. [Uther Schiemann der Hunt, 06/2003 LoAR, A-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.05 | Submitted as Ryan De Caergybi, the submitter requested authenticity for 14th C English and allowed minor changes.
There was some question regarding the registerability of the name Ryan. Both Ryan and Rian are plausible Anglicized Irish forms of the Gaelic masculine given name Ríán, which was the name of a saint (per � Corráin & Maguire, p. 155 s.n. Ríán). Therefore, Ryan and Rian are registerable as Anglicized Irish forms of this saint's name under the guidelines for registerability of saints' names (see the Cover Letter for the September 2001 LoAR for details). The byname was submitted as De Caergybi. However, the submitted documenation supports de Caergybi. We have made this correction. There was some question whether the combination of Anglicized Irish and Welsh is registerable. Anglicized Irish, like Scots, is structurally similar to English. Therefore, as with Scots and Welsh (Anton Cwith, LoAR of August 2001, Ansteorra's acceptances), combining Anglicized Irish and Welsh in a name is registerable, though a weirdness. Mixed Gaelic/Welsh names remain unregisterable. [Ryan de Caergybi, 05/2003 LoAR, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | The submitter requested authenticity for northern English. Brighid is an Early Modern Irish Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form of this name. When this name was used in English, it took on other spellings. Aryanhwy merch Catmael found forms of this name in Lancashire (northern England) and Gloucestershire (southwestern England):
Based on this information, Brichet Ross and Brychet Ross would be forms of this name appropriate for Northern England. As the submitter only allows minor changes, and changing the language of the given name from a Gaelic form to an English form is a major change, we were unable to make this name authentic for the submitter's desired culture. [Brighid Ross, 04/2003 LoAR, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | Submitted as Wilo ingen Donnchada, Wilo was documented only as a masculine given name. The byname ingen Donnchada means 'daughter of Duncan'. Gaelic patronymic bynames were used literally in period. Therefore, this name was not registerable as submitted since a man could not be a daughter. Since the submitter marked "don't care" for gender on her form, we have changed the byname to the masculine form mac Donnchada in order to register this name. [Wilo mac Donnchada, 04/2003 LoAR, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | The elements in this name have a temporal disparity of more than 1000 years. Una is a Gaelic name dated to 1310 and later. Orcadiana is a locative byname referring to the Orkneys. The root of this byname is Orcades, dated to the mid-2nd C in section II.A.1 of Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn's article "A Consideration of Pictish Names" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/tangwystyl/pictnames). As these two elements are dated to more than a millennium apart, this name must be returned. [Una Orcadiana, 04/2003 LoAR, R-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | The submitter requested authenticity for the 14th C and allowed any changes. The submission documented the given names Anna and Lyse as German and the byname Warwick as English. No evidence was found that either German or English used double given names in the 14th C. Additionally, Lyse was documented only to the 15th C. As Anna was used in both English and German, we would have dropped the given name Lyse in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. However, doing so would bring this name into conflict with Anne of Warwick, queen to Richard III. Therefore, we have registered this name as submitted, but were unable to make it authentic for the 14th C as requested by the submitter. [Anna Lyse Warwick, 04/2003 LoAR, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | This name is being returned for combining a Welsh given name with a Hungarian descriptive byname. al-Jamal addressed the documentation for Welsh-Hungarian contact provided in the LoI:
Lacking evidence that Welsh and Hungarian cultures had substantial contact, this name is not registerable. [Aneirin Nevetség(es), 04/2003 LoAR, R-Trimaris] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.03 | Submitted as Eadwine of Foxecote, the submitter requested authenticity for 11th to 12th C Anglo-Saxon. As submitted, this name combines the Old English Eadwine with the Middle English of Foxecote. An authentic period name combining these elements would have been recorded completely in Old English or completely in Middle English depending upon the language of the document in which this language was recorded. Ekwall (p. 186 s.n. Foxcote) dates the form Fuscote to the Domesday Book. G�sta Tengvik, Old English Bynames, pp. 54-56, in the section entitled "Lat. de (in OE charters)" gives some examples of Old English given names with Latin locative bynames. Based on these examples, Eadwine de Fuscote would be an authentic form of this name for an Old English record. Reaney & Wilson (s.n. Foxcot) date Edulf de Foxcote to 1189. Therefore, a fully Middle English form of this name appropriate for the 12th C would be Edwin de Foxcote.
We have changed the byname to a form documented to the submitter's desired time period in order to partially meet his request for authenticity. As the submitter only allowed minor changes, we were unable to change this name to a form appropriate for Old English to fully meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Eadwine de Foxcote, 03/2003, A-Ealdormere] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.03 | The submitter requested authenticity for Romania and allowed minor changes. Vladimir was documented as Russian. While both Vlad and Vladislav were found in Aryanhwy merch Catmael's article "Names from the Royal Lines of Moldavia and Wallachia" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/romanian.html), the College was unable to find examples of Vladimir used in Romanian in period. As the submitter only allows minor changes, we were unable to change Vladimir to one of the Romanian forms found in Aryanhwy's article in order to make this name authentic for the submitter's requested culture.
At this time, it seems reasonable to for a name using both Russian and Romanian elements to be registerable. However, no one has presented evidence to support sufficient contact between these two cultures to make such a mix registerable without a weirdness. Therefore, a name mixing Russian and Romanian is registerable, but carries a weirdness. [Vladimir Musat, 03/2003, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | Submitted as Fiachrae the Bonesetter, the submitter requested authenticity for 13th to 14th C Ireland. As submitted, this name combined the Middle Irish (c. 900 to c. 1200) masculine given name Fiachrae with an English byname. Additionally, the term bonesetter was dated to c. 1510 as an English word. In the spelling boone setter, it was dated to c. 1470. Therefore, the submitted form of this name had two weirdnesses: one for combining Gaelic and English in a name, and a second for elements whose forms are dated more than 300 years apart. To remove the weirdness for temporal disparity in order to register this name, and to partially meet the submitter's request for authenticity, we have changed the given name to the Early Modern Irish (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form Fiachra. Lacking evidence that the Bonesetter would have been used as occupational byname for a Gael in Ireland, we were unable to make this name authentic for the submitter's requested time and culture. [Fiachra the Bonesetter, 02/2003 LoAR, A-Æthelmearc] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | Submitted as Iain MacPhilip, this name had two weirdnesses, which has been reason for return. There was one weirdness for use of an SCA-compatible name (Iain). There was also a weirdness for combining Gaelic and Scots (a language closely related to English) in a name. As the submitter allows any changes, we have changed the Gaelic form Iain to the Scots form Ian in order to render this name a single language. As the form Ian MacPhilip has only a single weirdness for use of the SCA-compatible name Ian, it is registerable. [Ian MacPhilip, 02/2003 LoAR, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | Submitted as Caoillain Rose Maddox, the submitter requested authenticity for an Irish given name and an English surname. Ó Corráin & Maguire (p. 41 s.n. Cáelfind) lists Caoilinn, not Caoillain. Lacking evidence that Caoillain is a plausible period form of Caoilinn, it is not registerable. We have changed this name to the documented form Caoilinn in order to register this name.
Since two bynames sometimes occurred in a single name in late period England, we have left both Rose and Maddox in this name. However, lacking evidence that a Gaelic given name, rather than an Anglicized Irish given name, would be combined with English bynames in period, this name is not authentic for forms of names found in England or Ireland in period. [Caoilinn Rose Maddox, 02/2003 LoAR, A-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | Eric was submitted under the Legal Name Allowance. However, no documentation (such as a photocopy of a driver's license) was provided to support Eric as the submitter's legal given name. Lacking such evidence, Eric is not registerable via the Legal Name Allowance.
Siren found that Sveriges Medeltida Personnamn (vol. 5, column 735, s.n. Erik) shows several examples of Eric as a Swedish masculine given name, including Eric Stook dated to 1460. Therefore, this submission is registerable as a Swedish given name with an English byname. [Eric Haukeseye, 02/2003 LoAR, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | Submitted as Eadric Longfellow, the submitter requested authenticity for an unspecified language/culture (presumably English based on the documentation) and allowed any changes. As submitted, this name combines an Old English given name with a Middle English byname dated only to 1475 and later.
Combining Old English and Middle English in a single name is a weirdness because of the dramatic linguistic and orthographic differences between the two languages. A modern English speaker can usually read unmodernized versions of plays by Shakespeare with few difficulties. Many can read unmodernized versions of works by Chaucer, though with more difficulty. If you hand them a copy of Beowulf that is not modernized (or translated), very few will be able to make heads or tails of it. These differences are the basis for the weirdness for using Old English and Middle English in the same name. The weirdness for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years is a different issue from the lingual mix of Old English and Middle English. As explained recently:
Therefore, the submitted form of this name had two weirdnesses; one for the lingual mix of Old English and Middle English, and a second for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years. As the submitter indicated that the sound of the name was most important to him, we have changed the given name to the form Edric, which is dated to the 13th C in Talan Gwynek's article "Men's Given Names from Early 13th Century England" (http://www.s_gabriel.org/names/talan/eng13/eng13m.html), to change this name to a completely Middle English form in order to register this name. [Edric Longfellow, 02/2003 LoAR, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | Submitted as Osa Hrafnsdóttir, the submitted form of this name had two weirdnesses. Osa was documented as a Swedish given name dated to 1406. Hrafnsdóttir is an Old Norse patronymic byname. Combining Swedish and Old Norse in a name has previously been ruled a weirdness (Bjarki Einarson, April 2002). Since Old Norse dates to the 11th C and earlier, this name had a second weirdness for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years. We have changed the given name to Asa, the Old Norse form of Osa, in order to register this name. [Asa Hrafnsdóttir, 02/2003 LoAR, A-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | This name introduces a single German element Johannes in an otherwise Frisian name. In a name that consists of more than two elements, it makes sense to judge the construction of the name in terms of the language of the majority of the elements in the name. Therefore, the construction of this name must be evaluated as a Frisian name. No evidence has been presented that double given names were found in Frisian. Therefore, this name cannot be registered as submitted.
As the submitter does not allow major changes, we cannot drop the second given name Johannes to register the name. [Douwe Johannes Brongersma, 02/2003 LoAR, R-Drachenwald] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Bronwen is a modern Welsh name that is registerable as an SCA-compatible name.
The LoI stated that "an Druaidh is the registered last name of submitter's mundane husband (Conall Mac an Druaidh - 8/1994 Atlantia)". However, Conall's byname is not an Druaidh. The elements an Druaidh are simply part of his byname, which is Mac an Druaidh, 'son of the druid'. Only entire elements of name phrases may be used under the Grandfather Clause. Therefore, since Mac an Druaidh is the grandfathered element, it is not eligible to support a submitted byname inghean an Druaidh 'daughter of the druid'. Since patronymic bynames are literal in Gaelic in period, Mac an Druaidh may not be used as a woman's byname, because she is a daughter, not a son. This name also combines Welsh and Gaelic in a single name, which has previously been reason for return. [Bronwen inghean an Druaidh, 01/2003 LoAR, R-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Submitted as Leofwine av Sumersaeton, the submitter requested authenticity for 1056 Anglo-Saxon England and allowed minor changes. As submitted, this byname combines the modern Swedish av with the Old English Sumersaeton and so violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name element. We have changed the particle from the Swedish av to the Old English of to resolve this problem.
Old English grammar requires that, in personal names having the form [given name] of [placename], the placename be in the dative case. The documented Sumersæton (found in Ekwall, p. 430 s.n. Somerset) is a nominative form. The dative form of this placename is Sumersætum. We have made this correction in order to register this name and to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Leofwine of Sumersætum, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Seona is a modern Scottish Gaelic form of Joan. Lacking evidence that it was used in period, it is not registerable. Additionally, this name combined Gaelic and Welsh in the same name, which has previously been reason for return. [Seona ferch Angharad, 01/2003 LoAR, R-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Submitted as Thorgrim van de K�benhavn, the submitter requested authenticity for Danish and allowed any changes. The submitted byname van de K�benhavn combines van de, which appears in both Dutch and Low German, with K�benhavn, which is modern Danish. Because of this mix, this byname violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name phrase. Metron Ariston provided information about period Danish forms of this name:
From this information, af Havn and af K�bmannehavn are period Danish forms of this byname. As the latter is closer to the submitted form, we have changed the byname to this form in order to register this name and to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Thorgrim af K�bmannehavn, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Listed on the LoI as Anna von Regensburg, this name was submitted as Anya Von Regensberg and changed at Kingdom to match documented forms. Sommelier found information regarding the submitter's originally submitted given name:
Given this information, Anya is registerable as an English feminine given name. As the submitter allows any changes, we have returned the given name to the submitted form Anya. [Anya von Regensburg, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Submitted as Liuedai von Regensburg, this name combined Liuedai, which is a Latinized form of an Old English name, with the German byname von Regensburg. Lacking evidence that Anglo-Saxon England had significant contact with Germany, a name combining Old English and German is not registerable. We have changed the given name to the Middle English form Luveday (dated to 1205 in Reaney & Wilson, p. 285 s.n. Loveday), in order to register this name. [Luveday von Regensburg, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | The submitter requested authenticity for Polish. The documentation submitted indicates that Wilhelm "is dated to 1423 in the Slownik Staropolskich Nazw Osobowych [VI: 96]". (This source is often abbreviated as SSNO.) Aryanhwy merch Catmael inquired of several people regarding aspects of this name and SSNO in general. Among the commentary she passed on was information from Talan Gwynek, who explained that "some of the documents cited in SSNO are actually in German and use Germanized forms even of some native Polish names". Given this information, the example of Wilhelm that appears in SSNO may be from a German record of a Polish person. As we were unable to confirm that Wilhelm was actually used as a Polish form of William, we were unable to confirm that this name is authentic for Polish as requested by the submitter. [Wilhelm Michalik, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | This name combines the Hungarian feminine given name Ersebet with an otherwise Italian name. There was considerable discussion regarding the registerability of such a mix. A name including Hungarian and Italian elements has previously been ruled to be registerable:
The Cover Letter of the August 1999 LoAR includes a discussion entitled "Mixed language names". This discussion describes different levels of contact between cultures. Of these, the level that best fits contact between Italian and Hungarian according to current evidence is:
Lingual mixes that fall into the second category, such as Hungarian and Italian, are registerable, though they carry a weirdness. As this is the only weirdness in this name, it is registerable. [Ersebet Francisca Cardinali, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.12 | Submitted as Jean d'Esledes, the LoI stated that the submitter requested "an authentic French/Burgundian name meaning 'John of Leeds' accurate for the Hundred Year War time period". The time period of the Hundred Years War begins in the early/mid 14th C and ends in the early 15th C. Esledes was documented as dating to the Domesday Book (which means either 1066 or 1086) in Ekwall (p. 293 s.n. Leeds). Presumably, the form Esledes is, therefore, Old English or Latin. Regardless, combining it with the French d' violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name phrase. This form is also around 250-350 years too early for the submitter's requested time period. Reaney & Wilson (p. 275 s.n. Leeds) dates Hugh de Leedes to 1285. We have changed the byname to this form to partially meet the submitter's request for authenticity. As we were unable to find a French form of the byname, we were unable to make this name completely authentic for the submitter's requested culture. [Jean de Leedes, 12/2002, A-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.12 | Submitted as Elena inghean Ronáin, the submitter requested authenticity for 14th C Scottish and allowed any changes. This name combines the Latin Elena with the Irish Gaelic byname inghean Ronáin. An authentic name in 14th C Scotland would be recorded all in Latin, Scots (a language closely related to English), or in Scottish Gaelic depending upon the language of the document in which the name is recorded. Lacking evidence that any form of the masculine given name Rónán was ever used in Scotland (either as a given name or in a byname), we were unable to suggest authentic forms of this name for the submitter's desired time and culture. [Elena inghean Rónáin, 12/2002, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.12 | This name is registerable as a combination of Anglicized Irish and 14th C Icelandic, though this combination carries a weirdness. [Davin Steingrimsson, 12/2002, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.12 | Combining Scots and Danish in a name is registerable, though this combination carries a weirdness. [Krag MacYntier, 12/2002, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.12 | Given the level of contact between their cultures, a name that includes Persian and Arabic name elements is registerable with a weirdness. [Shirin al-Adawiya, 12/2002, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.11 | Bronwen was upheld as SCA compatible in the Cover Letter for the December 1995 LoAR. Since F. K. & S. Hitching, References to English Surnames in 1601 and 1602 (p. xlv), date Frasier to 1602, this name may be viewed as a mix of an SCA compatible Welsh given name and an English surname. Therefore, this name has a weirdness for use of an SCA compatible element. Since mixing Welsh and English in a single name carries no weirdness, this name does not have a second weirdness and is registerable. [Bronwen Fraser, 11/2002, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.11 | Submitted as Finn Kirkpatrick, the submitter requested authenticity for 11th to 12th C Irish. As submitted, this name combined a Gaelic given name with a Scottish placename in Scots (a language closely related to English). In period, a name would have been written all in Gaelic or all in Scots depending upon the language of the document in question. We have changed the byname to the form de Kirkpatrick dated to 1194-1211 in Black (p. 407 s.n. Kirkpatrick) for authenticity for the submitter's requested time period. Lacking examples of Kirkpatrick used in Ireland in period, we were unable to make this name completely authentic for the submitter's requested culture. [Finn de Kirkpatrick, 11/2002, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.11 | The phrase ingen Fhaolain violates RfS III.1.a (which requires linguistic consistency in a name phrase) because it combines the particle ingen, which is an Old Irish Gaelic (c. 700 to c. 900) and Middle Irish Gaelic (c. 900 to c. 1200) form, with Fhaolain, which is an Early Modern Irish Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form. We have changed the particle ingen to the Early Modern Irish Gaelic form inghean to resolve this issue. [Máirghréad inghean Fhaoláin, 11/2002, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.11 | Submitted as Georgius of Canterbury, the submitter requested authenticity for English. Georgius is a Latinized form of the name George. In period records, a name that is culturally English would typically be recorded completely in Latin or completely in Middle English depending upon the language of the record in which the name is recorded. Mills s.n. Canterbury dates the form Canterburie to 1086. A fully Latinized form of this name would be Georgius de Canterburie. A fully Middle English form of this name would be George of Canterburie. As the Latinized form is the closer of these to the submitted form, we have changed this name to a fully Latinized form to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Georgius de Canterburie, 11/2002, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.10 | Submitted as Gorm Bola, the submitter requested authenticity for early Norse/Russian. There was sufficient contact between the Norse and Russia to make a name mixing these languages registerable, though it is a weirdness. In period, a name combining elements from these languages would have been written all in Norse or all in Russian depending upon the language of the document in which the name was recorded. Lacking a Russian form of Gorm or a Norse form of Bola, we were unable to suggest authentic forms of this name. [...] [Gorm Bolin, 10/2002, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.10 | Submitted as Stowe on the Wald, Canton of, this name combined the Middle English Stowe on the with the Old English Wald. As a placename is a single name phrase, the submitted form was in violation of RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name element. Mills (s.n. Stow, Stowe) dates Stowe on the Olde to 1574. Speed's The Counties of Britain (p. 83, map of Gloucestershire, map dated to 1610) lists Stowe on y(e) wowld ("(e)" represents a superscript 'e'). We have changed Wald to Wowld to make the entire name Middle English in order to register the name. [Stowe on the Wowld, Canton of, 10/2002, A-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.10 | The byname von Aschehyrst violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name element. Aschehyrst, the name of the submitter's group, is English, while the particle von is German. A similar case is shown in the precedent:
Submitted as Ulrich von Rudivale, we have changed the [von] to of since the rules require that prepositions must agree in language with the following noun, and Rudivale, which is the client's home group, is English. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR July 1996, p. 13) As the submitter allows no changes, we cannot change von to of and register his name. However, as the submitter allows a holding name, we have formed his holding name, Karl of Aschehyrst, according to the standard format of using the name of his branch, in order to permit registration of his armory. By having Karl of Aschehyrst as a holding name, rather than an (undesired) name change, we can register the device, which would otherwise have to be returned. [Karl von Aschehyrst, 10/2002, R-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.10 | O'Céileachair combines the Anglicized Irish O' with the Irish Gaelic Céileachair. (The forms definitely show an apostrophe rather than an accent on the O.) RfS III.1.a requires linguistic consistency within a name element. As the submitter allows no changes, we were unable to change this to the fully Gaelic Ó Céileachair in order to register this name. [Daniel O'Céileachair, 10/2002, R-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.10 | Rhiannon was ruled SCA-compatible in the cover letter for the October 1985 LoAR. Mixing English and Welsh in a name carries no weirdness. Therefore, this name is registerable with only one weirdness for use of an SCA compatible element (in this case, Rhiannon). [Rhiannon Boyle, 10/2002, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | This name has two weirdnesses. There is one weirdness for use of an element (in this case Corwyn) that is only SCA compatible. Corwyn is a variant of Corwin, which is an English surname that is SCA compatible as a given name. There is a second weirdness for combining English and Scots in a name (per the ruling for Katrina Rosehearty in the LoAR of September 2001). [Corwyn MacCamie, 09/2002 LoAR, R-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.10 | This name combines the Old English name Bubba with a name that is otherwise Scots. Combining Old English and Scots in a single name is not registerable (see the ruling for Dunno Jamesson in the March 2002 LoAR for details). [Bubba Ianson of the Caves of Smoo, 10/2002, R-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | This name combines Anglicized Irish and Old Norse in a single name, which has been ruled unregisterable:
Additionally, the byname 6zveginn is incorrect. Geirr Bassi (p. 26) lists this byname as ó�veginn - with the initial character being an accented o, not the number 6, and the second character being a thorn, not a z. [Turlough 6zveginn, 09/2002 LoAR, R-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | Basecg was only documented from Savage's The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles, which is a modern translation. Metron Ariston found information regarding this name:
So Bagsecg and Bachsecg are Old English forms of the name of a Norse prince who died in 871. This submission combines this given name with the byname von Basel, which is Middle High German. Lacking evidence that mixing Old English and Middle High German is plausible in a single name, this combination is not registerable. As the submitter indicated that sound was most important, he may be interested in the option found by Hund:
As the submitter only allowed minor changes, we were unable to change this name to the German form suggested by Hund in order to register this name. [Basecg von Basel, 09/2002 LoAR, R-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | Cavelli was submitted as a variant of the Italian name Cavalli found in Ferrante LaVolpe, "4300 Citizens of Pisa Swear to Maintain the Alliance with Siena, Pistoia and Poggibonsi" (http://library.byu.edu/~rdh/eurodocs/italia/pisani.html). The LoI stated that the submitter would "accept spelling of Cavalli, if needed for registration". Metron Ariston found Cavelli as the name of a French family in the 15th & 16th C. Since the submitter prefers the spelling Cavelli, has noted no preference for language (just that sound was most important), and allows any changes, we are registering the submitted spelling Cavelli as a French name. A fully Italian form of this name would be Angelo Paolo Cavalli. [Angelo Paolo Cavelli, 09/2002 LoAR, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | The submitter requested authenticity for "French-Maltese". This name combines the Italian given name Lucia with the French byname de la Valette. In period, this name would have been written completely in Italian or completely in French depending on the language of the document in which the name was recorded. Based on the example of Luce la Berote found in Colm Dubh's article "An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris" (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/paris.html), Luce de la Valette would be a fully French form of this name. As the College found no Italian form of the byname, we are not able to determine a fully Italian form of this name. Since the submitter allowed only minor changes, we are unable to change this name to a fully French form in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Lucia de la Valette, 09/2002 LoAR, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | The LoI noted that if the submitter's "name must be changed she cares most about the language/culture (14-15th century Italy, for English mercenaries there)." As she did not request authenticity, we have made no changes to this name. However, given the specific culture she is interested in, she may wish to know about some information that the College found. Sir John Hawkwood's name was normally rendered in Italian as Giovanni Acuto. Given this example, it is most likely that the submitted name would vary depending upon whether the woman in question was being referred to by English speakers living in Italy, or if she was being referred to by Italian speakers. Among the English speakers, she would likely be known simply as Catharine Hawkwod. Among Italian speakers, she would most likely be known by an Italian form of her name, such as Caterina Acuto or Caterina Acuto da Barbiano. [Catharine Hawkwod da Barbiano, 09/2002 LoAR, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | Submitted as Iain mac Caradoc, the submitter requested authenticity for 15th C Scots and allowed any changes. Iain is a Gaelic masculine given name, ruled SCA compatible in April 1997. However, no evidence has yet been found that it was used in period. The submitted byname mac Caradoc combined the Scots or Anglicized Irish particle mac with the Welsh name Caradoc. RfS III.1.a requires linguistic consistency in a single name phrase. Therefore, the phrase mac Caradoc is in violation of this rule and is not registerable. No examples were found of any form of Caradoc in either Gaelic or Scots (a language closely related to English). Therefore, we have changed the byname to the form Cradoc, which is a plausible form based on the examples of Philip Craddoc dated to 1205 and Robert Cradock dated to 1301, both in England, in Reaney & Wilson (p. 114 s.n. Craddock). Morgan & Morgan (p. 67 s.n. Caradog) explain that the change in this name from Caradoc to Cradoc forms is due to an accent shift in early Welsh. Use of an element that is only SCA compatible (Iain in this case) counts as a weirdness. Combining English and Gaelic in a single name is also a weirdness. To avoid having two weirdnesses in this name, which would cause the return of this name, we have changed the given name to the form Ian, which is also SCA compatible. Since Ian is Scots, and mixing Scots and English in a single name carries no weirdness for the lingual mix, Ian Cradoc is a registerable form of the submitted name. [Ian Cradoc, 09/2002 LoAR, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | Submitted as Ælfric gyl�ir, the submitter requested authenticity for 11th C Norse. As submitted, this name combined an Anglo-Saxon given name with an Old Norse byname. Given the amount of contact, a name mixing Old English and Old Norse is registerable with a weirdness. Regarding authenticity, though, in period this name would have been written all in Old English or all in Old Norse depending upon the language of the document. Argent Snail found an Old Norse form of the given name:
We have changed the given name to the form documented by Argent Snail to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Alfric gyl�ir, 08/2002, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | This name combines an Italian given name with an SCA compatible English byname. Combining an Italian given name and an English byname in the same name is registerable, though it is a weirdness. However, this name contains a second weirdness for use of an SCA compatible element (the Traveler). As the name has two weirdness, it is not registerable. [Nuzzio the Traveler, 08/2002, R-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | Submitted as Ilaria Jacqueline Montrevel, the submitter requested an authentic French/Italian border name and allowed any changes. She noted that if the double given name was not registerable, then she preferred to drop Jacqueline and keep Ilaria.
In period, a name mixing Italian and French elements would have been written all in Italian or all in French depending upon whether the document that included the name was written in Italian or French. Colm Dubh's article "An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris" (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/paris.html) lists Dame Ylaire la lingière and Dame Jaqueline la Bordonne. Argent Snail found other period forms of portions of this name:
From this information, an authentic French form of this name would be Ylaire Jaqueline de Montrivel or Ylaire Jacqueline de Montrivel. As we were unable to find forms of Jacqueline or Montrevel in Italian, we were unable to determine an authentic Italian form of this name. We have changed this name to the second of the French forms listed above to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. As submitted, this name contains an Italian given name, a French given name, and a French locative byname. Since mixing French and Italian in a single name is only one weirdness, Ilaria Jacqueline de Montrivel would be a registerable, though not authentic, form of this name that would be close to the originally submitted form. [Ylaire Jacqueline de Montrivel, 08/2002, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | Submitted as Derek of Connemara, the submitter requested authenticity for 10th C Flemish/Irish. The language of the Low Countries in this time period was Old Low Franconian (Old Dutch). The language of Ireland in this time period was Middle Irish Gaelic. Lacking evidence that these cultures had significant contact, a name mixing these languages is not registerable. Withycombe (p. 82 s.n. Derek) dates Deryk to the 15th C and Derric to 1605 as English. Therefore, Deryk of Connemara and Derric of Connemara are registerable forms of this name. We have changed this name to the first of these options as it is the closer to the submitted form. [Deryk of Connemara, 08/2002, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | This name combines an Irish Gaelic given name dated from the 8th to 11th C with an Old English byname. Olof von Feilitzen, The pre-Conquest Personal names of the Domesday Book [sic], p. 30, says of Irish names that appear in the Domesday book:
Some of the given names in the Domesday Book that he identifies as referring to Irish names are: Fyach (p. 251 s.n. Fíacc), Gilemicel and Ghilemicel (p. 261 s.n. Gillemicel), Gilepatric and Ghilepatric (p. 261 Gillepatric), and Melmidoc (p. 323 s.n. Maelmaedhog). It is important to note that these forms are not Gaelic spellings, but Old English renderings of Gaelic names. Given these examples, mixing Gaelic and Old English in a name is registerable, though there is a weirdness for mixing the orthographies of Old English and Gaelic. [Eithne of Cantwaraburg, 08/2002, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | Submitted as Axel Haroldsson, the submitter allowed any changes. He specified 8th to 11th C "Scandanavian[sic] Dansk Norge Svenska" in the authenticity section but noted that he did not wish changes to make his name authentic.
As submitted, the byname Haroldsson used the English name Harold in an Old Norse patronymic form. As such, it violated RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a single name element. Heralds attending the decision meeting at Pennsic found the byname Harolds�n dated to 1424 in Sveriges Medeltida Personnamn (vol. 11, column 118, s.n. Harald). This is the closest form found to the submitted byname. We have changed the byname to this form in order to register this name. Argent Snail noted that "Lind dates Axel in this spelling to 1366, while Sveriges Medeltida Personnamn dates this spelling of Axel to 1397 and 1398." So, Axel Harolds�n is a fine name for late 14th C or early 15th C Swedish. Regarding the time period and culture in which the submitter noted an interest, Geirr Bassi (p. 8) lists the given name Áskell, and (p. 11) Haraldr. From this information, an authentic Old Norse name appropriate for the submitter's desired time period would be Áskell Haraldsson. As the submitter noted he did not wish changes to make his name authentic for this time and culture, we have made the minimum changes necessary in order to register this name. [Axel Harolds�n, 08/2002, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | This name combines a Welsh name dated to the 5th to 9th C with a Scots byname dated to 1590. Therefore, this name has two weirdnesses (one for mixing Welsh and Scots, and one for a temporal disparity of more than 300 years), which is cause for return.
The LoI noted that the submitter originally wanted Ryon as a given name, but could not document that spelling. Given that information, the submitter may want to consider the Irish Gaelic given name Rian. Ó Corráin & Maguire (p. 155 s.n. Ríán) which lists a saint of this name and notes that the modern surname Ó Riain (O Ryan) derives from this name. Rian is an Early Modern Irish Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form of this given name and would be registerable under the guidelines for the registerability of saints' names given in the Cover Letter for the September 2001 LoAR. Therefore, Rian McHenrik would have a single weirdness for mixing Gaelic and Scots in a name, but would not have the temporal disparity that exists in the name Rhain McHenrik. As the submitter did not allow major changes, we were unable to make this change in order to register this name. [Rhain McHenrik, 08/2002, R-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | There was some discussion of possible temporal incompatibility in this name as the submitted documentation dated Aidan to c608 and Cambel to 1296. Aidan is an Anglicized form of the Gaelic masculine given name Áedán. Ó Corráin & Maguire (pp. 13-14 s.n. Áedán) say that this was the name of some "twenty-one saints". Farmer, The Oxford Dictionary of Saints (pp. 8-9 s.n. Aidan), identifies one of these saints and gives his death date as 651. Therefore, Aidan is registerable as an Anglicized form of this saint's name under the guidelines for registerability of saints' names (see the Cover Letter for the September 2001 LoAR for more details). An Anglicized form of this saint's name is reasonable for the time period of the byname. Therefore, as both elements are Anglicized and use of a saint's name carries no weirdness in and of itself, this name is registerable with no weirdnesses. [Aidan Cambel, 08/2002, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | Submitted as Morgan MacOwain of Staghold, MacOwain combined the Scots (a language closely related to English) or Gaelic Mac with Welsh Owain. This is in violation of RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name phrase. As the submitter allows minor changes, we have dropped Mac in order to register this name. [Morgan Owain of Staghold, 08/2002, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | The submitter requested authenticity for 6th C Frankish. Lothar is listed in Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Masculine & Feminine Names from the Merovingian Line c.400-c.600 AD" (http://www.sit.wisc.edu/~sfriedemann/names/merovence.htm). This shows the given name as 5th to 7th C Frankish. Socin (p. 314) dates Bertoldus de Koln to 1280 and the byname von Koln to 1297. This shows the byname as 13th C Middle High German. The Frankish and Middle High German languages were not in use at the same time. Therefore, just as in the case of Old Norse and Scots, since the two languages in question would not have been used at the same time, these two languages are not registerable in a single name. However, Morlet, Les Noms de Personne sur le Territoire de l'Ancienne Gaule du VI au XII Siècle (vol. I, p. 133, col. a), dates Lotharius to a. 1122. This shows Lotharius used in 12th C France (likely in a Latin context). Given this example, Lothar is a reasonable vernacular form and this name is registerable with one weirdness for mixing French and German. Though the city of Koln existed in the submitter's desired time, we were not able to find a form of the byname appropriate for the submitter's desired time and culture, and so we were not able to make this name authentic per his request. [Lothar von Koln, 08/2002, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | Submitted as Ságadís Duncansdaughter, documentation was provided supporting the construction of Norse feminine given names formed by combining the name of a Norse goddess with the deuterotheme -dis. The LoI provided documentation for Sága as the name of a Norse goddess:
Documentation was also provided demonstrating the survival of this type of name in Swedish and Danish in the 14th through 17th C. Therefore, Ságadís is plausible as an Old Norse feminine given name that was also used later in Swedish and Danish. Black (p. 412 s.n. Lambie) dates Mariora Lammeis dothyr to 1527, which supports a byname using a form of daughter in Scots. We have changed the byname to follow this example. Mixing Swedish or Danish with Scots in a name is registerable with a weirdness. [Ságadís Duncans dothyr, 08/2002, A-Drachenwald] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.07 | As submitted, this name was documented as mixing French (Jeanne), Italian (Francesca), and English (Fitzgerald). There was some question regarding whether such a mix was registerable. Since Julian Goodwyn's article Brass Enscription Index (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/brasses/) dates the name Jeanne to 1530 in Kent, this name may be regarded as a mix of English and Italian and so is registerable. [Jeanne Francesca Fitzgerald, 07/2002, A-Trimaris] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.07 | As submitted, this name had two weirdnesses. Ulf was documented as an Anglo-Saxon given name dated to 960 and 1080. The byname de Frisbois was documented as a French byname dating to c. 1420-1459. Therefore, this name had one weirdness for a lingual mix of Old English and French, and a second weirdness for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years but less than 1000 years. Argent Snail provided alternate documentation for the given name:
This documentation removes the weirdness for temporal disparity. Additionally, if Ulf is considered as an English name under the Fellows Jensen example from 1285, the lingual weirdness is removed as mixing English and French in a name does not carry a weirdness. [Ulf de Fribois, 07/2002, A-Drachenwald] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.07 | This name combines the Irish Gaelic Tiarnán with the Italian del Sarto. Mixing Anglicized Irish and Italian in a single name was ruled unregisterable in April 2000. As mixing Irish Gaelic and Italian in a single name is less likely than mixing Anglicized Irish and Italian, this combination is similarly unregisterable. [Tiarnán del Sarto, 07/2002, R-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.07 | Submitted as Sigulf Bjornsson, the Old Norse form of a patronymic byname formed from the given name Bjorn is Bjarnarson. Mention was made in commentary of a precedent ruling Bjornsson to be a valid patronymic formed from Bjorn. The precedent in question is:
This information supports Bjornsson as a 14th C Swedish byname, not as an Old Norse byname. While mixing Old English and Old Norse in a name is registerable with a weirdness, mixing Old English and Swedish in a name is not registerable. We have changed the byname to the Old Norse form in order to register this name. [Sigulf Bjarnarson, 07/2002, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.06 | From Pelican: Some Issues Regarding the Lingua Anglica Allowance
In the November 2001 Cover Letter, I called for comments regarding aspects of the Lingua Anglica Allowance. Specifically at issue were:
Much commentary was received on this topic and opinions were split on all of the issues. As Laurel, Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme outlined the purpose behind the Lingua Anglica Allowance (otherwise known as the Lingua Franca Allowance) in the Cover Letter that accompanied the January 1993 LoAR:
Keeping this purpose in mind, the fairest way address the current issues is to not count the use of the Lingua Anglica Allowance as a weirdness and to view it as the original language when examining the name for lingual mixes. This policy upholds the precedent
Similarly, there would be no weirdness for use of the byname of Saxony as a Lingua Anglica version of the German byname von Sachsen. In the case of William of Saxony, this name would be considered a mix of the English William and the German von Sachsen. As mixing English and German in a name is registerable with a weirdness, this name has one weirdness for the lingual mix. Rendering von Sachsen as of Saxony via Lingua Anglica does not carry a weirdness. Therefore, this name has one weirdness and is registerable. In the case of Wilhelm of Saxony, the name combines the German Wilhelm with the German byname von Sachsen. Rendering von Sachsen as of Saxony via Lingua Anglica does not carry a weirdness. Therefore, the name has no weirdnesses and is registerable. In the case of Rhys of Saxony, this name combines the Welsh Rhys with the German byname von Sachsen. As mixing Welsh and German in a name is not registerable, this name is not registerable under the Lingua Anglica Allowance. To quote Bruce's ruling again, this policy "seems to be the best compromise between the needs of authenticity and ease of use." (March 28, 1993 Cover Letter (January 1993 LoAR), pp. 2-3). [Cover Letter for the 06/2002 LoAR] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.06 | Submitted as Dubheasa ni Farquhar MacFane, the submitter is primarily interested in a female name authentic for the language and/or culture of the name but does not state a specific language or culture. As submitted, this name is a mixture of Irish Gaelic and Anglicized Irish. In period, a name would have been written all in Irish Gaelic or all in Anglicized Irish depending upon the language of the document in question. Dubh Easa and Duibheasa are Early Modern Irish Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) forms of the submitted given name. The submitted Dubheasa is a plausible form based on forms of this name found in various annals. Ó Corráin & Maguire (p. 79 s.n. Dub Essa) gives Devasse as an undated Anglicized form of this name. Fane is listed as a modern Anglicized Irish form under two headers in Woulfe (p. 524), Ó Féichín and Ó Fiacháin. Under the header Ó Féichín, the Anglicized Irish forms O Feahine, O Fehin, and O Fein are dated to temp. Elizabeth I-James I. Under Ó Fiacháin, the Anglicized forms O Fighane, O Feehan, and O Pheane are dated to temp Elizabeth I-James I. C. L'Estrange Ewen, A History of Surnames of the British Isles (pp. 210-211), lists Anglicized Irish names dated to 1603-4. Among these is Honor nyn Donnell McSwiny of Mossanglassy. John O'Donovan, ed., Annals of Ireland, by the Four Masters (vol. 6, p. 2446), gives a transcription of a will dated August 14, 1629. Among the people listed is Juane Ny Teige O'Donovane, who is noted as being the daughter of Teige O'Donovane. Based on this information, the completely Anglicized Irish form of this name that would be closest to the submitted name would be Devasse ni Farquhar McFein. A fully Gaelic form of this name would be Duibheasa inghean Fhearchair Mhic Fhéichín. As the fully Anglicized form is the closer of these to the submitted name, we have changed the name to that form to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Devasse ni Farquhar McFein, 06/2002, A-Trimaris] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.05 | Submitted as Viridis Aletha Solari, the submitter allowed minor changes and noted that she is "willing to drop the middle name 'Aletha' if [it is] not consistent with period naming practices, or if documentation is insufficient." Aletha was documented from Yonge, which is not a reliable source. Double given names are found in Italian in late period. If Aletha were changed to a documented form, this name would be registerable. For example, Withycombe (s.n. Alethea) dates Alatheia to 1606. Therefore, Viridis Alatheia Solari would be registerable as a mixed language name combining Italian and English. While such a mix is registerable, it is not strictly "consistent with period naming practices". Therefore, we have dropped Aletha according to the submitter's instructions since the College was unable to find documentation of any form of this name in Italian. [Viridis Solari, 05/2002, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.05 | This name combines the given name Kristin, which was documented as a Swedish feminine given name dating to 1318, with the Old Norse byname in hárfagra. Mixing Old Norse and Swedish is registerable, though it is a weirdness. [Kristin in hárfagra, 05/2002, A-Æthelmearc] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.04 | Listed on the LoI as Sigfrid McLure, the name was originally submitted as Siegfried McClure and changed at kingdom because a combination of Gaelic and German is not registerable. While kingdom is correct that mixing Gaelic and German in a name is not registerable, mixing Scots and German is registerable, though it is a weirdness. As McClure is a Scots form, not a Gaelic form, it is registerable with a German given name. Siegfried is dated to "Up to 1300" in Talan Gwynek's article "Late Period German Masculine Given Names: Names from 14th Century Plauen" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/talan/germmasc/plauen14.html) Both Robert McLure and Robert McClure are dated to 1526 in Black (p. 472 s.n. MacClure). Therefore, there is less than 300 years between the dates for the given name and byname, so there is not an additional weirdness for temporal disparity and this name is registerable. [Siegfried McClure, 04/2002, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.04 | The submitter requested authenticity for 8th C "Vendel", and allowed no changes. No documentation was provided for Ulf. The LoI documented Ulfr from Geirr Bassi (p. 15).
Einarsson, not Einarson, is the correct patronymic form of the Old Norse name Einarr. As the submitter allows no changes, we were unable to correct this name to Old Norse to match the submitted language. As Sveriges medeltida personnamn (vol. 5, s.n. Enar) dates Thorgyl Enarson to 1439 and Einar Suenson to 1435, Einarson is plausible for Swedish in the 1430s. Danmarks Gamle Personnavne: Fornavne (s.n. Ulf) dates Ulf to assorted dates including the 12th C, the 13th C, 1379, and 1498. Mixing Danish and Swedish in a name is registerable, though a weirdness. As the name elements date to within 300 years of each other, there is not a second weirdness for temporal disparity and this name is registerable. [Ulf Einarson, 04/2002, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.04 | Vaska was submitted under the Legal Name Allowance. However, since no documentation was provided (such as a photocopy of a driver's license, et cetera) that Vaska is the submitter's legal name, it is not registerable under the Legal Name Allowance. Since Wickenden (3rd ed., p. 387 s.n. Vasilii) dates Vaska Nozdria to c. 1495, Vaska is registerable as a Russian masculine given name.
Therefore, this name combines a Russian masculine given name with a Scots byname. Mixing Russian and Scots in a name has previously been ruled unregisterable:
As no evidence has been found that McCormick was used in English in addition to Scots (and Anglicized Irish), this combination is not registerable. Documentation that the submitter is entitled to use the Legal Name Allowance would not resolve this problem since names which contain elements used via the Legal Name Allowance are not registerable if the combination of the elements are excessively obtrusive:
Combining a Russian given name with a Scots byname is no less obtrusive and so would be returned. [Vaska McCormick, 04/2002, R-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.04 | The submitter requested authenticity for 8th C "Vendel", and allowed no changes. All of the elements of this name were documented as Old Norse. Einarsson, not Einarson, is the correct patronymic form of the Old Norse name Einarr. As the submitter allows no changes, we were unable to correct the byname to be authentic for Old Norse. As Sveriges medeltida personnamn (vol. 5, s.n. Enar) dates Thorgyl Enarson to 1439 and Einar Suenson to 1435, Einarson is plausible for Swedish in the 1430s. The byname went through some evolution over the years. Examples in this entry show that that a double 's' form, such as Einarsson, would exist before that point, and En- forms, such as Enarson, would exist after that point. Given the linguistic relationship between Old Norse and Swedish, a name mixing these two languages is registerable, though it is a weirdness (similar to mixing Old English and Middle English in a name). Therefore, the submitted name has one weirdness for combining Old Norse and Swedish. As documentation for Bjarki was only found in Old Norse (c. 800-c. 1100), and Einarson is only plausible for the 1430s, this name has a temporal disparity of over 300 years, which is a second weirdness, and so is cause for return. [Bjarki Einarson, 04/2002, R-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.04 | This name includes a Latin form of a locative byname in an otherwise Welsh name. While not common, this practice did occur. Harpy found Jovan ap Ysaac de tribus castris in Abergavenny court records of 1256 (A. J. Roderick & William Rees, Ministers' Accounts for the Lordships of Abergavenny, Grosmont, Skenfrith and White Castle: Part I-The Lordship of Abergavenny). [Dafydd ap Iorwerth ap Rhodri de dena, 04/2002, A-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.03 | Submitted as Gabrielle de Brandune, the submitter requested authenticity for 15th to 16th C. As submitted, this name combined a 16th C French given name and a 10th C Old English byname. There is one weirdness for the lingual mix of French and Old English and a second weirdness for a temporal disparity greater than 300 years. Therefore, the submitted form of the name was not registerable. In order to register this name, we have changed the spelling of the byname to de Brandon, which is dated to 1379 in Bardsley (p. 129 s.n. Brandon). [Gabrielle de Brandon, 03/2002, A-Drachenwald] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.02 | The English byname the Lost has been ruled SCA compatible. Use of an element which is only SCA compatible is a weirdness. Mixing English with Old English in the same name was ruled registerable, though a weirdness, in the LoAR of October 2001 (Meridies acceptances, Saxsa Corduan). Therefore, this name has two weirdnesses, one for use of an SCA compatible element and one for the lingual mix, and so must be returned. If the Lost could be shown to be a translation of an Old English byname, this name would be registerable via the Lingua Anglica Allowance. [Ælfric the Lost, 02/02, R-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.02 | Submitted as Brigitte MacFarlane the Red, this name combined a given name that is Swedish, French, or German with a Scots byname followed by an English descriptive byname. No documentation was provided that such a combination is plausible. [Brigitte MacFarlane Red, 02/02, A-Æthelmearc] [Ed.: registered with an entirely Scots byname.] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.02 | The submitter requested authenticity for Irish-German and allowed any changes. Lacking documentation that these two cultures had significant contact, combining Irish and German elements in a single name is not registerable. Deirdre was documented from Withycombe (p. 81 s.n. Deirdre). However, this entry says that "its use as a christian name is quite recent, dating from the 'Celtic Revival' (Yeat's Deirdre 1907, Synge's Deirdre of the Sorrows 1910)." However, the spelling Deirdre has long been SCA compatible. As it is a Gaelic given name, it is not registerable in combination with German elements per the precedent:
[Hagen Seanaeiche] the combination of German forename and Gaelic byname needs justification, at the very least. None of the commenters noted any German/Gaelic interaction in period (see, e.g., RfS III.1., "As a rule of thumb, languages should be used together only if there was substantial contact between the cultures that spoke those languages." (Hagen Seanaeiche, Caid-R, LoAR 12/94)Black (p. 204 s.n. Deirdre) dates Deredere to 1166. Given that the source Black cites for this reference, Deirdre is a Latinized form of a Gaelic given name. Barring documentation of significant contact between Scottish Gaelic and German cultures, a name mixing Gaelic (including Latinized Gaelic) and German in a name is not registerable. [Deirdre Mueller von Thurn, 02/02, R-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.02 | Pre-1100 Dutch and Old Norse were ruled registerable, though a weirdness, in the registration of Aldgudana Gunnarsdóttir in the LoAR of November 2001. [Rothin in flamska, 02/02, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.02 | Mixing Old English and Middle English in a single name was ruled a weirdness in the LoAR of October 2001 (s.n. Saxsa Corduan). [Eadweard Boise the Wright, 02/02, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.02 | This name mixes the Dutch given name Toen and the English surname Fitzwilliam, which is registerable, though it is a weirdness. [Toen Fitzwilliam, 02/02, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.02 | Mixing Arabic and English in a name is registerable, though it is a weirdness. [Tahir the Mad, 02/02, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.02 | The LoI proposed Cassia as English feminine given name "based upon English use of feminized Roman names". However, the examples provided in the LoI were found not only in Roman Latin but also in medieval Latin sources. Cornelius and Lucius were the names of popes who became saints and this likely influenced the use of Cornelia and Lucia in England. Additionally, Lucia is also the Latin form of the name of Saint Lucy, who was popular in England in the Middle Ages. In the case of Claudia, Withycombe (p. 68 s.n. Claudia) says that the late 16th C example of this name in Lancashire is "probably taken from the 2nd epistle to Timothy where it occurs as the name of a Roman convert." Cassius, and by extention Cassia, is documented only as a Roman Latin name. Given the drastic temporal disparity between Roman Latin and Scots, a name combining Roman Latin (or perhaps Classical Latin) and Scots is not registerable. [Cassia MacWilliam, 02/02, A-Ansteorra][Ed.: Cassia was documented as an Italian saint's name.] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.02 | Mixing Italian and Scots in a name was ruled a weirdness in August 1999:
While there is little evidence for mixed Scots/Italian names, there is enough contact between the cultures for this to be allowable. It is, however, a "weirdness." (Laertes McBride, A-Caid, LoAR 08/99)[Cassia MacWilliam, 02/02, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.02 | This name mixes the Italian Tessa and the English byname the Huntress. Such a mixture is registerable, though it is a weirdness. [Tessa the Huntress, 02/02, A-Æthelmearc] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.02 | Mea was documented as Italian and the Bold was documented as English. Mixing Italian and English in a name was ruled registerable, though a weirdness, in the LoAR of September 1999 (Veronica de Holloway). [Mea the Bold, 02/02, A-Æthelmearc] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.02 | RfS III.1.a requires lingual consistency within a name phrase. A place name is a single name phrase. As Avallon is documented as a French placename and Keep is English, Avallon Keep violates this requirement. [Avallon Keep, Canton of¸ 02/02, R-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.02 | [Connall O'Maccus] The submitter requested authenticity for 11th�12th C Irish and allowed minor changes. RfS III.1.a requires lingual consistency within a name phrase. The submitted O'Maccus combines Maccus, which is found exclusively in Latin citations, and the Anglicized Irish O'. So O'Maccus violates this requirement and is not registerable. Black (p. 484 s.n. Maccus) dates Robert filius Macchus to 1221. Therefore, this name would be authentic in Latin as Conall filius Macchus. Authentic Gaelic forms for his desired time period would be Conall mac Magnusa, Conall ua Magnusa, or Conall h-Ua Magnusa (this last form uses h-Ua, a variant of ua found in early orthographies in the Annals of Ulster and the Annals of Tigernach). The submitter allows minor changes, and the changing of the language of a particle (here O') is usually a minor change (while changing the language of the patronym, here Maccus, is a major change). It was generally felt at the decision meeting that the change from O' to filius so significantly affected the byname in both look and sound that it was a major change. As the submitter does not allow major changes, we are returning this name. [Conall O'Maccus, 02/02, R-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.01 | ... this name combined a hypothetical Old Norse name and a Scots byname. Mixing Scots and Old Norse in a name has been ruled unregisterable:
The combination of an Old Norse given name and an Anglicized Scots patronymic had too severe a temporal disparity. We have therefore changed the spelling of the given name to medieval Norwegian. [Ulvar MacVanis, A-Lochac, LoAR 07/2000][Ságadís Duncansdaughter, 01/02, R-Drachenwald] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.01 | This name is registerable as a mix of Old English and Middle English. It would be more authentic in a fully Old English form (Ælfred se leof) or a fully Middle English form (Alfred þe Lef). [Ælfred þe Lef, 01/02, A-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.01 | The submitted name is a combination of an Anglicized Irish given name and an Old Norse byname. Mixing Scots and Old Norse in a name has been ruled unregisterable:
The combination of an Old Norse given name and an Anglicized Scots patronymic had too severe a temporal disparity. We have therefore changed the spelling of the given name to medieval Norwegian. [Ulvar MacVanis, A-Lochac, LoAR 07/2000]Anglicized Irish and Scots existed in similar time period. Therefore, just as a mix of Scots and Old Norse is not registerable, a mix of Anglicized Irish and Old Norse is not registerable. [Davin Steingrimsson, 01/02, R-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.01 | This name is registerable as a mix of Old English and Middle English. It would be more authentic in a fully Old English form (Ælfred se leof) or a fully Middle English form (Alfred þe Lef). [Ælfred þe Lef, 01/02, A-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.01 | Submitted as Gerhart von Cynnabar, RfS III.1.a requires lingual consistency within a name phrase. The branch name Cynnabar was documented as English when the name was registered in 1983. ...Use of von in conjunction with an SCA group name that is English has previously been ruled unregisterable:
[Ulrich of Rudivale] Submitted as Ulrich von Rudivale, we have changed the [von] to of since the rules require that prepositions must agree in language with the following noun, and Rudivale, which is the client's home group, is English. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR July 1996, p. 13)This submission has the same problem. Therefore, the submitted von Cynnabar is in violation of the linguistic consistency requirement in RfS III.1.a for mixing German and English in a single name phrase. As the submitter allows minor changes, we have changed the particle von to of in order to register this name. This submission raised considerable discussion about the languages of particles that have been registered with group names in the past. Of particular note was discussion regarding the following precedent: [Robert de Cynnabar] Cynnabar is the registered name of an SCA group. Since de was the most common medieval documentary locative preposition in both England and France, the two places where Robert is most likely to be found, we allow him to register the name of an SCA group with it. This was first done with the 11/92 registration of Robert de Cleftlands. (02/97)It was asserted that since de has been registered in conjunction with Cynnabar at that time, von should also be registerable as well. However, in the cases of both Robert de Cynnabar and Robert de Cleftlands, the group names are English. Since there is considerable documentation for use of the particle de in documents written in English, both of the bynames de Cynnabar and de Cleftlands comply with RfS III.1.a and are in a single language, i.e., English. In the recent registration of Lucas de Caid (October 2001), Caid is an acronym and is therefore not documentable in any language. For branch names registered long ago that are not documentable to any particular language (as is the case with Caid), we will treat them as part of the Society's official language, which is English. Therefore, the byname de Caid is treated as an all-English byname and complies with RfS III.1.a. [Gerhart of Cynnabar, 01/02, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.01 | Eplaheimr was submitted as a constructed name for a Viking-era farm meaning 'world of apples'. RfS III.1.a requires name phrases to be constructed of a single language. Eplaheimr does not meet this requirement, since eple is stated to be Norwegian and heimr is Old Norse. Just as we would not register a place name mixing Old English and Middle English in a single name phrase, a mix of Old Norse and Norwegian is not registerable in a single name phrase. [Ságadís Duncansdaughter and Sigmundr Hákonsson, 01/02, R-Drachenwald] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.01 | Mixing Spanish and German is registerable, though it is a weirdness. [Theresa von Elp, 01/02, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.12 | The name has a weirdness for mixing Gaelic and Anglicized forms. [Fionnghuala O Murrigane, 12/01, A-Artemisia] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.12 | Callistus was the name of a patriarch of Constantinople (d. 1363), part of the name of Nicephorus Callistus Xanthopoulos (a Byzantine historian, d. 1335), and the name of a pope in 1457. It is also a Latinized form of the French given name Calixte. Juliana de Luna's article "Portuguese Names 1350-1450" lists Gill as a patronymic byname. This name mixes Latinized French and Portuguese, which is a weirdness. [Callistus Gill, 12/01, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.12 | Listed on the LoI as Ethelfleda Davidsdohter, the name was originally submitted as Ethelfleda Davidsdottir. David was documented as English and -dottir as Old Norse, so it was changed at kingdom to be lingually consistent. Metron Ariston found that Geirr Bassi (p. 9) lists Dávíð as a Norse name. Therefore, Dávíðsdóttir is a reasonable patronymic in Old Norse. As Old Norse names may use or not use accents, we have left them off. Mixing Old English and Old Norse is a weirdness. [Ethelfleda Daviðsdottir, 12/01, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.12 | This name mixes the Gaelic Colum with the English or Scots Maxwell, which is registerable though it counts as a weirdness. [Colum Maxwell, 12/01, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.12 | Submitted as Síthmaith nic Aoidh, the byname combined the Scots particle nic with the Gaelic Aoidh. This combination violates RfS III.1.a, which requires lingual consistency within a single name phrase. The LoI noted that, "She specifically desires the very late 'nic' form to match her persona from late Elizabethan Ireland," though she did not have a request for authenticity. Unfortunately, we have no evidence that nic was used in the names of Irish women in Ireland, though there is plently of evidence for use of the particle in the Scots language in Scotland. Therefore, we have changed the byname to the all Gaelic form inghean mhic Aoidh in order to register this name. [Síthmaith inghean mhic Aoidh, 12/01, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.12 | There is one weirdness for mixing the French Amalia with the German Künne. [Amalia K�nne, 12/01, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.12 | Mixing Russian and English is a weirdness. [Rumil Fletcher, 12/01, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.12 | Mixing Gaelic and Scots is a weirdness. [Coilín de Kirkpatrick, 12/01, A-Artemisia] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.12 | The name has a weirdness for mixing Swedish and Norse. [Iodis Ebbesdottir, 12/01, A-Drachenwald] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.12 | Mixing Scots and Norse is registerable, though it counts as a weirdness. [Skafte Waghorne, 12/01, A-Drachenwald] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.12 | Submitted as Amber Roriksdottír, Amber is grandfathered to the submitter. Roriksdottír combined the Danish Rorik with the Old Norse -dóttir (with the accent misplaced). Such a mix is a violation of RfS III.1.a which requires lingual consistency in a name prase. Therefore, the byname is registerable as the completely Danish Roriksdatter or the completely Old Norse Hr�reksdóttir. From examples of bynames listed in E. H. Lind, Norsk-isländska dopnamn ock fingerade namn från medeltiden (columns 594-595 s.n. Hrórek) the form Roreksstadir would be registerable as medieval Norse. As the submitter allowed minor changes, we have registered this name in the Danish form Roriksdatter since it is the closest form to the submitted Roriksdottír. [Amber Roriksdatter, 12/01, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.11 | This name has two weirdnesses: one for lingual disparity and a second for temporal disparity. The given name Temair is documented to 665 as an Irish Gaelic feminine given name. The element Sweynsei is documented to 1188 as a place name in English. Therefore, the submitted name combines Irish Gaelic and English, which is a weirdness, and combines elements more than 300 years apart, which is another weirdness. [Temair Sweynsei, 11/01, R-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.11 | The lingual mix of Italian (Arianna) and English (Wlfraven) is registerable, though it is a weirdness. [Arianna Wlfraven, 11/01, A-Trimaris] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.11 | All evidence provided with the submission and found by the College indicates that Niall is a spelling unique to Gaelic in period. It is included in the headers in Withycombe (p. 228 s.n. Nigel), but the text makes it clear that Niall is the usual modern Irish form. Given that the Anglo-Normans who settled in Ireland spoke French, and many were descended from families from Normandy, this Gaelic and French mix is registerable, though it is a weirdness. [Niall de Marseilles, 11/01, A-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.11 | This name combines a pre-1100 Dutch given name with a Norse byname. Given the wide sphere of influence of Norse traders/raiders/et cetera, it seems reasonable that these two cultures had significant contact. Therefore, this combination is registerable, although a weirdness. [Aldgudana Gunnarsdóttir, 11/01, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.11 | This name has a weirdness for mixing pre-1200 and post-1200 Gaelic orthographies. [Tigernach Ó Catháin, 11/01, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.11 | This name mixes the Irish Gaelic Muirghein with the Anglicized MacKiernan which is a weirdness. [Muirghein MacKiernan, 11/01, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.11 | The submitter requested authenticity for Scots-French. In period, a name with mixed elements would have been rendered all in one language depending upon the language of the document where the name was recorded. In this case, if the record would have been written completely in Scots or completely in French. Therefore, this name is not authentic. It has one weirdness for mixing Scots and French. [Laurensa Fraser, 11/01, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.11 | [Neuschel Consort of Musicke] Documentation included with this submission dates the term Consort of Musicke to 1575. In context in the documentation, this term meets the requirement for a household-that it describe an organized group of people. As such, Consort of Musicke is acceptable as a designator for a household name. Regarding the lingual mix, the designator in a household name may be rendered either in the language appropriate to the submission or in English. Just as House Neuschel is registerable, so Neuschel Consort of Musicke is registerable. [Wolfgang Neuschel der Grau, 11/01, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.11 | Although this name combines a Gaelic given name with an English byname, which is a weirdness, it is registerable. [Caitlin Watkyns, 11/01, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.11 | Mixing the Italian Francesca with the German Gerdrudis and German Kesselheim is a weirdness. [Francesca Gerdrudis Kesselheim, 11/01, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.11 | Mixing English and German in a single name is a weirdness. [Lillian von Wolfsberg, 11/01, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.11 | Submitted as Doireann ingen Chearbhaill, the submitter requested authenticity for 12th to 14th C (no culture specified) and allowed any changes. The particle ingen is a Middle Irish (pre-1200) spelling. Chearbhaill is an Early Modern Irish (post-1200) spelling. There is enough difference between Middle Irish and Early Modern Irish that they count as different languages for our purposes. So ingen Chearbhaill violates RfS III.1.a since it combines elements from two different languages. [Doireann inghean Chearbhaill, 11/01, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.10 | The mix of a 4th C Coptic given name with an Arabic byname that could date from no earlier than the 7th C is a weirdness. [Damiana bint al-Katib, 10/01, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.10 | There are two issues with the name Lilias MacLeòid ... The first is a mix of Gaelic and English. This is one weirdness, but such a mix is registerable. [Lilias MacLeod, 10/01, A-Trimaris] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.10 | Submitted as Caitriona of Lochaber, the submitter requested authenticity for Scottish language/culture. In period, a name would have been written completely in Scottish Gaelic or completely in Scots. As Caitriona is Gaelic and of Lochaber is Scots, the name is not authentic as submitted. Since locative bynames are vanishingly rare in Gaelic, we have put the name entirely in Scots to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Catrina of Lochaber, 10/01, A-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.10 | Submitted as Diederic van Flandres, the support for van Flandres is from an Academy of Saint Gabriel letter (client #1295). Nebuly was one of the contributors to this letter and has found a mistake in how the notation in that source was originally interpreted. As such, van Flandres is a combination of two languages which violates RfS III.1.a, and so is not registerable. Nebuly writes:
The byname van Flandres is problematic since van is a Dutch preposition while Flandres is a French spelling. Under RfS III.1.a. this should be returned for mixing two languages in a single phrase. The simplest way to correct this is to make the byname entirely French as de Flandres. The most likely Dutch form is Vlaminck, with no preposition (Luana de Grood, 1594).Additionally, evidence has been found of the singular Flandre in French bynames rather than the plural Flandres. Changing van Flandres to de Flandre is a smaller change than changing van Flandres to Vlaminck. Since the submitter did not note any preferences on his forms regarding language/culture, we have made the smaller change in order to register this name. [Diederic de Flandre, 10/01, A-Æthelmearc] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.10 | The particle ní was not used in Gaelic in period. The pre-1200 form is ingen uí and the post-1200 form is inghean uí. We have changed the particle to be linguistically consistent (as required by RfS III.1.a) with Líadnáin which is a pre-1200 spelling. [Ceara ingen uí Líadnáin, 10/01, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.10 | There is a weirdness for mixing elements whose spellings are only documented as Old English (Saxsa) and Middle English (Corduan). As there are no other weirdnesses in this name, it is registerable. [Saxsa Corduan, 10/01, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.10 | Given the significant contact between Turks and crusaders, combining a Turkish given name and an English byname in the same name is registerable, though it is a weirdness. [Mihrimah the Traveler, 10/01, R-Ansteorra] [Ed.: returned for two weirdnesses] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.10 | Submitted as Séamus O' Tadhgáin, O' is an Anglicized form while Ó is a Gaelic form. Per RfS III.1.a, mixing languages is prohibited in a single name phrase. We have therefore changed O' to the Gaelic Ó. [Séamus Ó Tadhgáin, 10/01, A-Artemisia] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.10 | Therefore, there is only one weirdness in this name: the one for mixing the French name Maura with the Scots byname MacPharlane. [Maura MacPharlane, 10/01, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.10 | [Saint Vladimir] ... the element Saint is English and the element Vladimir is Russian. RfS III.1.a requires all elements in a single name phrase to be from the same language. A placename is a single name phrase. Therefore, Saint Vladimir is in violation of this rule. An exact parallel exists with the precedent:
[Registering �vatý Sebesta, College of.] Submitted as College of Saint Sebesta, RfS III.1.a. requires that each phrase must be grammatically correct according to the usage of a single language. We have translated "saint" to the Czech form, as well as adding the correct "inverted caret" over the S in Sebesta (it is pronounced "Shebesta"). [6/94, p.9]According to Paul Wickenden, the Russian form of Saint is Sankt. In period, a location named for Saint Vladimir in Russia would have simply have been named Vladimir. In fact, there are three locations with this name. Sankt Petrburg (Saint Petersburg) was intentionally named to follow European practices. Furthermore, it was so named in 1703, so even if it followed Russian naming practices, this example is outside our period. Given this information, we would have dropped Saint to follow documented practices in Russian, but the group allows no major changes. Major changes normally include language changes, which would prevent changing Saint to Sankt. However, the consensus at the decision meeting was that changing Saint to Sankt was more like changing the language of a particle in a personal name (which is normally viewed as a minor change) rather than changing the language of a substantial element (which is a major change). Therefore, we have changed Saint to Sankt in order to register the name. It was felt that the name construction was plausible enough to register. However, given that we have no concrete examples of this construction in Russian in period, it is a weirdness. [Sankt Vladimir, College of, 10/01, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.09/TD> | Submitted as Marie Suzanne von Westphalia, the byname combines a German particle with the English form of a place name (the German spelling is Westphalen). As RfS III.1.a requires all elements of a name phrase (the byname von Westphalia in this case) to be in a single language, this byname needed to be changed to either the all German form von Westphalen or the all English form of Westphalia. [Marie Suzanne of Westphalia, 09/01, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.09 | Submitted as Áengus Ó Dubhghaill Grey Wolf, this name had several problems.
The greatest problem was regarding the construction of Ó Dubhghaill Grey Wolf. No documentation was provided that this was a reasonable construction. Ó Dubhghaill Grey Wolf may seem to be two name phrases, Ó Dubhghaill and Grey Wolf, but it is actually a compound byname. Irish Gaelic uses the structure Ó byname + another byname to refer to a particular family, usually as part of a chiefly title. For example, the names Ó Conchobhair Donn, Ó Conchobhair Ruadh, and Ó Conchobhair Sligeach are all designations for heads of branches of the O'Connors (Woulfe, p. 477 s.n. Ó Conchobhair Donn). As a compound byname, Ó Dubhghaill Grey Wolf falls under RfS III.1.a and must consist of a single language. As submitted, this name phrase mixes Irish Gaelic and English. As we have no evidence that 'color + animal' is a reasonable byname in Irish Gaelic, we cannot translate Grey Wolf into Gaelic. The simplest fix is to put Grey Wolf before the patronymic, making it a descriptive byname referring to Áengus. [Áengus Greywolf Ó Dubhghaill, 09/01, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.09 | ... An English and Irish Gaelic combination is registerable with one weirdness. [09/01, CL] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.09 | The given name ... is Gaelic and the byname ... is Scots. While this lingual mix is registerable, it is a weirdness. [Ailill Lockhart, 09/01, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.09 | This name combines a Gaelic given name with an Anglicized byname which is a weirdness. [Banbnat MacDermot, 09/01, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.09 | Submitted as Katrina Celeste Rosehearty, this name had one weirdness for mixing the English Celeste with an otherwise Scots name ... [Katrina Rosehearty, 09/01, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.09 | ... An Italian and Irish Gaelic combination is not registerable. [09/01, CL] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.08/TD> | Submitted as Swanesdæl, this element violates RfS III.1.a since it combines the Middle English Swanes- with the Old English -dæl, combining two incompatible elements in the same placename. [Edith of Swanesdale, 08/01, A-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.08 | ... the combination of a Russian given name and a German byname is not documented... although it is registerable. [Tatiana Heinemann, 08/01, A-Trimaris] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.08 | ... Russian and Welsh are not a registerable combination. [09/01, CL] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.08 | The submitter requested authenticity for 16th C German-Welsh. No documentation has been provided of substantial contact between German and Welsh cultures. Therefore, a name combining German and Welsh elements is not registerable. [Anton Cwith, 08/01, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.08 | The combination of Scots and Welsh is registerable, though it is considered a weirdness. As such, Anton Cwith is registerable as a mix of Scots and Welsh. Note: this ruling does not alter previous rulings prohibiting mixed Gaelic/Welsh names, as Scots is a different language than Scottish Gaelic. [Anton Cwith, 08/01, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.08 | Mixing Spanish and Italian in a name is registerable, though it is a weirdness. [Helena Seren de Luna, 08/01, A-Atenveldt] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2001.07 | Submitted as Donnchad na Atholl, the byname had a Gaelic locative particle with an Anglicized place name. Since each name element must be consistent with a single language, we have dropped the particle. [Donnchad Atholl, 07/01, A-Calontir] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2001.07 | Submitted as Sorcha ní Mhaoláin, the byname had a particle that was only used in an Anglicized context with a Gaelic-form name. We have changed the byname to an entirely Gaelic form. [Sorcha inghean uí Mhaoláin, 07/01, A-Calontir] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2001.07 | The name was documented as having a Polish given name with an Italian byname, but no evidence was provided that Poland and Italy were in sufficient cultural contact that the combination is registerable. However, the given name seems not to be limited to Poland: for instance, it was borne by the daughter of Henry the Fat, Duke of Saxony, who later married Lothar II, Holy Roman Emperor. The contact between Germany and Italy was sufficient to allow registration. [Richenza d'Assisi, 07/01, A-Lochac] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2001.06 | Mahmud itself is a Turkish form of Muhammad, unattested in an Arabic context. While registerable as a part of an Arabic name it is also a weirdness. [Al-Mufassir Ibrahim ibn Abi Cali Mahmud Al-Fatimi, 06/01, R-Ealdoremere, returned for mulitple weirdnesses] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2001.04 | Unfortunately for the submitter, mixed Irish / Spanish names are not allowed (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR of July 1997). As Teresa was not used in the British Isles until after our period we have to return this. [Teresa Callan, 04/01, R-Atenveldt] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2001.04 | While combining Russian with French is registerable, it is a weirdness. The use of double given names in Russian was also ruled a weirdness by Jaelle of Armida in June 1997. The name is, therefore, not registerable as it is. [Jarucha Ekaterina Delamare, 04/01, R-Caid] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2001.03 | Submitted as Murchadh inn digri, the name combined Irish and Norse elements. While this is registerable it is a weirdness; to prevent a second weirdness we have changed the given name to a temporally compatible form. [Murchad inn digri, 03/01, A-Meridies] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2001.02 | As we wrote in the July 2000 LoAR,
While we allow real-world name elements in SCA names without further documentation, this is restricted to cases where "such elements are not excessively obtrusive." Combining a Gaelic Irish given name with what appears to be a non-European surname falls afoul of this restriction.Combining an English given name with a Hindi byname is no less obtrusive. [Margaret Singh, 02/01, R-Outlands] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.11 | ... mixed Irish / Spanish names are not allowed (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR of July 1997). [Diarmaid de Rossa, 11/00, A-An Tir] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.11 | Submitted as Theresa Boncheval, she had originally submitted Tessa Boncheval. This earlier submission was returned in Kingdom for mixing Italian and French. However, as these two cultures had significant contact with each other in period, the combination is registerable. [Tessa Cheval, 11/00, A-East] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.11 | Submitted as Isabele nic Giolla Bhríde, the byname mixed Anglicized and Gaelic spellings. As mixed-language name elements are not allowed we have changed the patronymic to an entirely Anglicized spelling. [Isabele nic Gilvride, 11/00, A-Meridies] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.11 | Mixing Russian and German, while not very plausible, is registerable under our rules. [Aleksandra von Drachenklaue, 11/00, R-Ansteorra, returned for lack of forms] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.09 | Submitted on the LoI as Catharina de Bruyn, the given name was originally submitted as Caterina and changed because the Kingdom College of Heralds did not have evidence for sufficient contact between Venice and Flanders to allow the registration of mixed names. However, the Cultural Atlas of the Renaissance (p. 108) shows trade routes c. 1500 clearly linking Flanders and Venice, as well as numerous other points. That shows ample contact between Flanders and Venice, two of the major trading powers of the era. [Caterina de Bruyn, 09/00, A-Middle] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.09 | Submitted on the LoI as Tom MacGrimm, the name was changed to that form in Kingdom; it was originally submitted as Tam MacGrimm. However, Reaney and Wilson's Dictionary of English Surnames has "Peter Tamelyn 1327 SRsf. A double diminutive of Tam (Tom). cf. Tomlin." and "William Tamson 1395 EA (OS) iv (C); Walter Tampson 1641 PrSo; John Tampson 1642 PrD. 'Son of Tam', a variant of Tom, a pet-form of Thomas." Therefore Tam appears to be an acceptable given name. However, there is no documentation for adding mac to the documentable Grimm. We have therefore changed the given name back to the original form and removed mac from the byname. [Tam Grimm, 09/00, A-Outlands] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.09 | There was sufficient contact between England and Russia to allow mixed names under our rules. There was no such contact between Scotland and Russia, but we have seen documentation that MacNeill appears as a surname in England as well. Note, however, that mixed Scots / Russian names are not acceptable, barring new evidence. [Nastasiia MacNeill, 09/00, A-Caid] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.08 | Submitted as Muirenn ingen Darragh, the byname mixed Anglicized and Gaelic spelling. As Bordure put it,
Woulfe (p. 494 s.n. Ó Dara) lists Darragh as a modern Anglicized form of the name. As such, using it with ingen violates RfS III.1.a, "Each phrase must be grammatically correct according to the usage of a single language." [Muirenn ingen Dara, 08/00, A-Atlantia] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.07 | The name has two moderately serious problems. First, the name Iain, while ruled SCA compatible, is not attested in period. Second, the name Menzies is an Anglicized form of the Gaelic Mèinnearach, so the submitted name as a whole mixes Gaelic and Anglicized orthographies. Neither of these problems would in itself be grounds for a return; however, the combination of the two makes this submission not acceptable. [Iain Bán Menzies, 07/00, R-Atlantia] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.07 | No evidence was provided of a cultural contact that would justify an English/Swiss mixed name. [Roderick Zweisterne, 07/00, R-Meridies] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.10 | Submitted as Morgan Defecta, the byname had a slight problem. The combination of an English or Welsh given name and a Latin descriptive byname is common, and the name as submitted would be registerable. [Morgan Defector, 10/00, A-Caid] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.07 | ... the combination of Manx with Anglicized Irish, while registerable, is not generally found as a period practice. [Egan Taitnyssagh Smilebringer, 07/00, R-Atenveldt] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.07 | This name has several problems. First, Hurrem/Roxelana, cited in the submission, was known by her original Russian name only to the West; to Turks, she was known by the Turkish harem name. Combining the two names seems to be restricted to modern history books.
Second, an epithet is not acceptable simply because a native speaker says so; modern-day people do not normally have that kind of knowledge about period naming practices. Third, Sarolta is incompatible with the rest of the name: it is only known from 10th century Hungary, and by the time of the Turkish invasion, pagan-era Hungarian female names had already disappeared. [Akilli Asian Sarolta, 07/00, R-Atenveldt] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.07 | The submitted documentation had this as a mixed Hungarian/Scots name. No evidence was presented that these cultures were in contact to an extent that would justify registering the name. However, Ladislaus is actually a Latinized form of a relatively common Slavic name, found almost all over Eastern Europe; also, de Brody is found in Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames. We can therefore simply refer to the precedent from March 1993 that says a Russian/English mixed name is registerable. [Ladislaus de Brody, 07/00, A-Meridies] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.07 | While we allow real-world name elements in SCA names without further documentation, this is restricted to cases where "such elements are not excessively obtrusive." Combining a Gaelic Irish given name with what appears to be a non-European surname falls afoul of this restriction. [Ciarmhac Sayenga, 07/00, R-Æthelmearc] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.07 | Submitted as Úlfarr MacVanis, he requested an authentic Norse/Scots name. The combination of an Old Norse given name and an Anglicized Scots patronymic had too severe a temporal disparity. We have therefore changed the spelling of the given name to medieval Norwegian. [Ulvar MacVanis, 07/00, A-Lochac] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.04 | [Arianna Kavanaugh] We already have a precedent against mixed Spanish/Irish names (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR of July 1997, p. 7, with the submission of Sanchia O'Connor); mixed Italian/Irish names are not any more plausible. [Adriana Kavanaugh, 04/00, A-Atenveldt] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.04 | Submitted as Anu of Shelmerdine, this name has two weirdnesses: it combines English and Irish orthography, and the form Anu was only found before 1300 and Selmerdine is dated to the 16th century, therefore the name is temporally incompatible. We have, therefore, changed the given name to a late period form. [Ana of Shelmerdine, 04/00, A-Middle] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.04 | This name has the weirdness of mixing English and Gaelic spelling plus the problem of two given names in Irish. Both problems could be solved by dropping Caitlin, but the submitter allowed no major changes. [Honor Caitlin nic Curtin, 04/00, R-Atenveldt] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.03 | Submitted as Kára MacLeod, the submitter requested an authentic 10th century Scottish name. The name itself is a mix of a Norse name and a Scots spelling of a Gaelic patronymic derived from a Norse name. Scots did not appear as a separate language after the 10th century. Furthermore, the mixture of two spelling systems is not plausible for 10th century Scotland. While elements from Gaelic and Norse may have been used in a single name, the name itself would be written either entirely in Gaelic or Norse, although the same name could have been written in either language depending on the context. For registration we chose to make the name entirely Gaelic both because it is more "Scottish" and because the resulting name is closer in sound to the original. A fully Norse form would be Kára Ljótsdottír. [Cera ingen Leoid, 03/00, A-Meridies] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.02 | Submitted as Hrothgar Hrothgarsson, Hrothgar is the Anglo-Saxon form of the name so cannot be used with Norse grammar.[ Hróðgierr Hróðgierson, 02/00, A-Artemisia] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.02 | Submitted as Ailesh nic Rose ni Malone, the submitter requested and authentic 11th century Irish name meaning "Ailesh, daughter of Rose of the clan Malone." ... there is no evidence that metronymics were used in Ireland; the only examples found involved genealogies of royalty whose claim to royalty involved descent through the female line. [Alis ni Malone, 02/00, A-Ansteorra] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.02 | Submitted as Elspeth O'Seaghdha, while the mixture of Scots and Gaelic spelling is a weirdness and not returnable, if the byname is in Gaelic it must follow the rules of Gaelic grammar. Ó Seaghdha (or O'Seaghdha) cannot follow a feminine name. We have therefore Anglicized the byname. If she wants an entirely Irish name she could have Sibéal inghean uí Sheaghdha, where Sibéal is a Gaelic form of Elizabeth/Isabel. [Elspeth O'Shea, 02/00, A-Middle] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.02 | Maura is not justifiable as a period Irish name, as it is a diminutive of Maire, which did not appear in Ireland until the end of our period. There is a possible justification of Maura as a feminization of an 8th c. Frankish male name, but there are other problems. Morlet lists Maura to 739, while MacPharlain is first cited in 1385 (Black, s.n. MacFarlane). Thus the name would have two weirdnesses: the combination of French and Scots Gaelic and temporal incompatibility. [Maura MacPharlain, 02/00, R-Atlantia] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.02 | ... the mixture of Scots and Gaelic spelling is a weirdness and not returnable... [Elspeth O'Shea, 02/00, A-Middle] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.12 | Submitted as Duncan Alasdair MacRae, the name had two wierdnesses: mixing the Gaelic and English spellings, and using a double given name in Scots. Therefore, we have Anglicized the entire name. [Duncan Alastair MacRae, 12/99, A-Outlands] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.12 | Submitted as Rosalinda Francisca Gertrude Kesselheim, the submitter justified the name as a mixture of Spanish and German. In neither language are three given names justified, therefore we dropped the first middle name. This name still has a "weirdness", as Rosalinda has fallen out of use in Germany by the time double given names were in use. [Rosalinda Gertrude Kesselheim, 12/99, A-Ansteorra] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.10 | Submitted as Ian MacEanruig, that name contains two weirdnesses: it uses a post-period anglicization of a Gaelic name and mixes Gaelic and English orthographies. [Ian MacHenrik, 10/99, A-An Tir] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.09 | ... the use of an English given name with an otherwise Danish name is registerable, [Christian Jorgensen af Helsingør, 09/99, A-Artemisia] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.09 | An Italian-English name combination is a weirdness (barring evidence of such combinations in period) but acceptable. [Veronica de Holloway, 09/99, A-Artemisia] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.09 | While registerable, using an English given name with a Spanish surname is unusual. [Andrew Quintero, 09/99, A-Atenveldt] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.08 | Mixing a Dutch name with a Scots name is a "weirdness" but registerable. [Willem MacLear, 08/99, A-Æthelmearc] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.08 | Most cases of submitted mixed-language names fit into one of four categories. These categories are defined by three criteria: amount of contact, evidence of mixing name elements from the two cultures, and, for those languages where there is evidence, the language/orthography used to write these names.
The first category is when name mixes elements of two cultures that have no contact during our period, for example, China and Scotland. Such names have not been allowed for some time. The second category is when names mixes elements of two cultures that have significant contact, but we have little or no evidence of mixed names, for example, Scots and Italian. The rule III.1 allows such names although the lack of evidence indicates that these mixed names were exceedingly rare at best. The third category is when names mix elements of two cultures where we know of many cases of names containing both elements, but the name is found in one orthography (i.e., spelling convention) or the other. Gaelic/Norse name mixtures are an example; a name is recorded using either Gaelic conventions or Norse conventions, but we find no example of both conventions used at the same time when recording names. Such names are also currently registerable even with mixed orthographies. The fourth category is when names mix elements of two cultures and we know of many case of names containing elements of both cultures and of both spelling conventions; for example, English and Welsh. As these names are historical we allow them even when the two languages are used in the same phrase. I have no intention of changing which names are registerable. Names in the second category, however, will be considered a "weirdness". Names in the third category will be considered a "weirdness" only when the names use mixed orthographies. Names in the fourth category or names in the third category using a single orthography are fine. [08/99, CL] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.08 | While there is little evidence for mixed Scots/Italian names, there is enough contact between the cultures for this to be allowable. It is, however, a "weirdness." For a fuller discussion, see the cover letter [see Compatible (Language)]. [Laertes McBride, 08/99, A-Caid] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.07 | [Clan Caer Lonn] The name mixes two languages, Welsh (Caer) and Gaelic (Lonn) in one phrase, violating rule III.1.a, "Linguistic Consistency." Brian should also be informed that Clans were named after personal names and nicknames, not places. Lastly we would prefer to see some evidence that "Strong" is a reasonable adjective to apply to keeps. [Brian Brock, 07/99, R-Atenveldt] |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1999.06 | [Erin Amazonia the Tall] The name as submitted combines a modern name (registerable under the legal name allowance) a possible Roman given name and an English descriptive. [Name returned for combination of issues.] (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR June 1999, p. 9) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1999.04 | [Jocelyn ni Morgunn] This is being returned for construction problems. Jocelyn is a distinctly English form and it does not seem to have migrated to Ireland so there is no Irish form parallel to it. Morgunn is Welsh and takes ferch not ni. Since she will not take major changes we are forced to return this, but the most logical and registerable form for this name would be Jocelyn Morgan. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR April 1999, p. 16) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1999.02 | After a great deal of thought we have decided to overturn the precedent on mixed Gaelic/English orthography. There are many reasons for doing this, the most important of which are mentioned below.
First, and most importantly, while they were not common, there are period examples of mixed Gaelic/English orthography. These include: William Liath de Burgo, Cormac Óg Mac Carthy, Ulick na gceann de Burgo, Shane Donnghaileach, Con Bacagh O'Neill, and William Odhar O'Carroll. Therefore, this is a period practice, and there is no reason why we should not permit it. Secondly, the original ban was stated to be because the some sound values in Gaelic and English are not represented by the same letter. This is, of course, correct. However, the same can be said of many other mixed language names. For instance, we readily register mixed English and Welsh names, yet the sound values for some letters in Welsh is not the same as those in English. We see no reason that the standards for Gaelic/English names should be any stricter than for other mixed language names. Finally, the policy as it exists is just not fair to submitters. For ten years our rules have been set up to be explainable and to derive from the first principles established in the rules. This does not. Even now, nearly four years after the ban, most submitters and a substantial portion of the College of Arms cannot derive the regulation from our heraldic first principles and view it as merely heraldic arbitrariness. This does not help the submitter, the college, or the Society as a whole. This does not affect the ruling on mixing Gaelic female given names with masculine patronymics. This precedent only affects the mixing of Gaelic and English orthography in the same name. (Jaelle of Armida, CL with the February 1999 LoAR, p. 3) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.11 | [Myfanwy ferch Gerald] Found on the LoI as Myfanwy ferch Gerallt, it was originally submitted as Myfanwy ap Gerald, and changed in kingdom because it was felt that the use of ap or ferch needed a Welsh name. However, late period Welsh used ap and ferch with English names, so we have restored the patronymic to the originally submitted form. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR November 1998, p. 4) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.10 | [Tearlaich of the Borders] This is being returned for combining Gaelic and English in the same name. Except for a few specific circumstances involving the lingua Anglica clause, the grandfather clause, or the mundane name allowance, we do not permit Gaelic and English to be combined in the same name. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR October 1998, p. 15) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.09 | [Catrina Gunn] Submitted as Catriona Gunn, this mixes Gaelic and English orthography which is against our rules. We have changed the Gaelic Catriona to the English Catrina. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR September 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.09 | [Eadan Munro] This is being returned for mixing English and Gaelic in the same name which is against our rules. Since changes were disallowed the name must be returned. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR September 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.09 | [Tadhg Garrick de Hardwyk] This submission was accidentally left out the LoAR, it should have been returned for the following reasons:
The first is that Tadhg is indeed an Irish name in a characteristically Irish spelling; as such it is incompatible with the rest of this name. He needs to come up with an Irish byname, or an English replacement for Tadhg. The usual English form seems to have been Thad(d)eus, presumably on the basis of the vague resemblance between the two names. For instance, Woulfe s.n. Tadhg gives Thaddaeus as a Latinization. Better yet, in Volume III of the Index to Administrations in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, covering the years 1581-1595, we find mention of one Thadeus Mac Cartye, of the city of Westminster. There's no way to be sure from the available information, but this looks very much like an Englished Tadhg Mac Cárthaig. The other is that the surname Garrick is apparently not period. According to Reaney & Wilson, Garrick is generally of Huguenot origin, the first of that name having fled to England in 1685. Moreover, the original French name is somewhat different: the head of the family was the Sieur de la Garrigue, and the English branch takes its name from the estate. [Errata Letter, 9/98] |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.08 | [Caitlin of Drogheda] Submitted as Caitlin OÆDrogheda, the given name has been previously ruled as requiring an Irish byname. The preposition "oÆ" here, while it emulates the patronymic particle, is actually an abbreviated form of English "of". We have changed it to Caitlin of Drogheda under the lingua Anglica allowance for place names since Drogheda is the English form of the placename. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR August 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.08 | [Ileana Welgy] While Ileana is not a Hungarian name, it can be found in De Felice's book on Italian given name. Venice controlled extensive territory on the east coast of the Adriatic in late period, sharing a border with Hungary. Since Kázmér includes a number of names apparently derived from Italian, an Italian/Hungarian name is acceptable under our rules. However, it must follow the standard practice of having the given name first. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR August 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.08 | [Kinga MacKinnon] This is being returned for two reasons. First no period exemplars were presented and none could be found for Kinga as a period abbreviated form of Kunegunda. Secondly, no documentation was presented, and none could be found for regular contact between Hungary and Scotland. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR August 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.08 | [Osandrea Elspeth Gabrielle de le Bete] The name is being returned for several reasons. � Fourth, despite what the LoI says, Gaelic does not share much in common with French, and Elspeth is not a reasonable French variant. � Osanne Gabriel would be an acceptable name. But as she does not allow any changes, we were forced to return the name. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR August 1998) [Note: Elspeth is actually a Scots for of the name Elizabeth; not a Gaelic form � Mari] |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.07 | [Alewyn Catmere] Submitted as Alewyn av Catmere, av does not match the language of Catmere. Therefore we have dropped it. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR July 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.07 | [Cateline de Ramesie] Submitted on the LoI as above, it was corrected in April by the submissions herald on the April LoI to Caitlin de Ramsaidh. However, that combines Gaelic and English in the same name which we don't do. Therefore, we have returned it to the originally submitted form. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR July 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.07 | [Rhael Anedd] Submitted as Rhael Anedd Dal Riata, this combines Welsh and Gaelic in the same name. Since Gaelic wasn't combined with other Welsh in period, we have dropped the Gaelic elements in order to register the name. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR July 1998, p. 4) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.06 | [Taliesin Flynn] Submitted as Taliesin Fhloinn, this combines a Welsh given name with a Gaelic byname. Therefore we have substituted the Anglicized form of the byname. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR, June 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.05 | [Nikolai Dmitrii Iur'ev] Submitted as Nikolai Dmitrii Iur'ev Ivakhaik, the LoI typoed Ivakhnik for Ivakhaik. However, it is not a surname, but rather an early-period Serbian byname, and not compatible with the rest of the name. We have eliminated it in order to register the rest of the name and the armory. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR May 1998, p. 7) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.04 | [Rory de Graham] Submitted as Ruaidridh de Graham, this combines Gaelic and English orthography in the same name. We have substituted the English form of Ruaidridh in order to register the name. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR April 1998, p. 8) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.02 | [Damian d'Antioche] Submitted as Damian d'Antioch, this combines English spelling of the place name with a French preposition. Since that combined two languages in one name element we have substituted the French spelling of Antioch. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR February 1998, p. 10) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.02 | [Thora Wolframsdochter] Submitted as Thora Wolframsdottir, Wolfram is not a Norse given name, but rather German. As such it cannot be combined with a Norse patronymic suffix. We have changed the suffix to a German form [Wolframsdochter]. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR February 1998, p. 6) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.02 | [Tiernan Diego de las Aguas] This name has several serious problems, either of which would be grounds for return... This would mix a Gaelic given name with Spanish, which, barring documentation, does not seem likely. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR February 1998, p. 16) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.02 | Iain is a Gaelic spelling of which cannot be combined with an English name. We have substituted the Anglicized spelling, Ian. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR February 1998, p. 2) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.11 | [registering Seamus of Bass of Inverrurie] Submitted as Shamus of Bass of Inverrurie, this was changed in kingdom from the submitted form of Seumas of Bass of Inverrurie, because it combined English and Gaelic orthography in the same name. However, since Bass of Inverrurie is an attested place name, it can be combined with a Gaelic first name under the Lingua Anglica allowance. Therefore, we have restored it to the originally submitted form. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR November 1997, p. 10) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.11 | This name is being returned for non-period style. It appears to be invoking the lingua Anglica rule on the byname, but that still requires that the element be demonstrated to be a valid byname in one or the other of the languages involved. (Pelacho the Kindhearted, 11/97 p. 14) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.10 | [Eoin the Modest] While this combines both English and Gaelic in the same name, it is permissible under the lingua Anglica allowance. In the January 1995 acceptance of Grainne the Wanderer, Laurel (Da'ud ibn Auda) said "Since we treat the Wanderer as if it were an attested period English byname, this name is registerable by virtue of the lingua Anglica allowance." (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR October 1997, p. 6) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.10 | [Muirgheal of Cashel] While this combines Gaelic and English in the same name, since Cashel is a place name, this is registerable under the lingua Anglica allowance, as was in done in the January 1996 registration of Catriona of Downpatrick. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR October 1997, p. 5) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.08 | [Caíntigern of Ainsley] This combines Gaelic and English orthography in the same name. An argument was made that the lingua angelica rule should apply to topographic bynames. If "Ainsley" is a reasonable place name in English, the result is as registerable as, say "Caítigern of Dublin", would be. Unfortunately, the lingua angelica rule does not work that way. The relevant passage in the rules comes at the end of RfS III.1.a (Linguistic Consistency): `In the case of place names and other name elements frequently used in English in their original form, an English article or preposition may be used. For example, of Aachen might be used instead of the purely German von Aachen.' This submission does not meet that standard. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR August 1997, p. 16) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.08 | [Cynric y Tarianlas ap Moran ap Cadog] This combines Old English, Welsh and Irish in the same name which, barring evidence of such combinations in period, is too unlikely to be registered. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR August 1997, pp. 21-22) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.08 | [Dëordaeg av Dunnon] This name is being returned for non-period style. It combines an unattested Old English forename of unknown gender, complete with modern editorial diacritic marking, a modern Norwegian preposition, and an atypical 13th c. spelling of a Scottish place-name. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR August 1997, p. 22) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.08 | Submitted as Catriona Ravenbourne, this mixes English and Gaelic orthography in the same name. We have changed the given name into an attested English form [Catrina] that differs by one letter from the submitted form. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR August 1997, p. 8) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.07 | [Connor Michael Maoll Donas] There are several problems with this name.[...] Another is the mixture of Gaelic and non-Gaelic orthographic systems: Connor is an English form of Conchobhar, and Ó Corráin & Maguire give the Irish borrowing of Michael as Míchél (early) and Mícheál (late), while the byname is clearly intended to be Gaelic. [...] (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR July 1997, p. 16) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.07 | [William MacAndro] Submitted as Liam MhicAindru, our best evidence suggests that Liam, is a post�period diminutive. Since Liam cannot be registered, we have substituted William, per the submitter's wishes. That makes the name a mixture of Gaelic and English orthography, so we have Anglicized the byname.. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR July 1997, p. 7) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.07 | Submitted as Sanchia O'Connor, this combined Spanish and Irish into one name. We have changed Sanchia to the closest English form [Sanche]. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR July 1997, p. 7) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.07 | This name combined Gaelic and English orthography in the same name. We have changed it to an all Gaelic form. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR July 1997, p. 4) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.05 | [returining Geoffrey Glassceld] A compound of Gaelic and Welsh glas with OE sceld is unlikely to say the least. It's also against the rules unless evidence for period use of such bilingual compound bynames can be produced. Modern blue is borrowed from French bleu, but it was apparently borrowed by the 13th c.; Blewsheld is a reasonable 13th c. spelling. (If he really wants glas, Welsh ysgwyd las is `blue shield' and is analogous to the ysgwyd hir `long shield' mentioned by Harpy in her Compleat Anachronist pamphlet.) (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR May 1997, p. 9) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.04 | [registering Tomás ó Niallagáin] Submitted as Thomass Niallagan, there are several problems with the name. First this name combines Gaelic and English orthographies in the same name. ... Moreover, Irish doesn't use unmodified given names as bynames: he may be a descendant of Niallagán, but that fact has to be indicated in the usual way, with mac or Ó. We have substituted the closest Gaelic name to what was submitted. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR April 1997, p. 10) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.04 | [returning Ziegfried Gunter von Wieselburg. Household name for Haus Godwiesel.] This is being returned for violating RfS III.1, by combining two different languages, the of Middle English god and the German Wiesel in the same word. Moreover, the existence of Middle English bynames of a particular type is no guarantee that bynames of that type existed in German as well. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR April 1997, p. 24) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.04 | While a French/Italian name is registerable, no documentation was presented to show that Chiara was a given name used by humans in our period, nor could anyone in the College provide any. Without such documentation, we have no choice, but to return the name. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR April 1997, p. 25) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.03 | [Owain ap Einar] Although Einar is a Scandinavian name, we are allowing the use of ap, which is Welsh in front of it, since the spelling would be reasonable in Welsh. Welsh has a habit of adopting non-Welsh names as is into Welsh, and there is a long history of Welsh/Scandinavian cultural proximity and contact. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR March 1997, p. 1) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.02 | [Brenna Goldherte] Submitted as Brenna Cridhe Or, Brenna is not a Gaelic name, and cannot be combined with a Gaelic byname. We have substituted the English form of the name. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR February 1997, p. 8) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.02 | [returning Haki Longswimmer] The byname obviously requires the lingua anglica allowance. This may be used provided that one of two conditions is met. The byname may be an English translation of a documented period byname in the source language, here ON, so long as the translation is chosen so as not to be obtrusively modern; or it may be a fairly generic period English byname in a period form. (See the discussion of the name Arianna othe Windisle (An Tir) in the 2/96 LoAR.) Longswimmer meets neither of those criteria: it's not a normal ME form of byname, and it's not a translation of a known ON byname. The attested byname skjótandi `shooter, archer' is a present participle corresponding to English shooting; an ON byname modelled on this one would be langsvimmandi, literally `long-swimming'. Haki Langsvimmandi, however, is probably reasonable enough. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR February 1997, p. 25) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.01 | [Francois Xavier MacUlric] This name combines a French given name, a French adaptation of a Basque locative surname and an English version of a quasi-Gaelic hereditary patronymic. Furthermore, this name uses two surnames. We found the entire combination too improbable to be registered. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR January 1997, p. 18) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.01 | Submitted as Cáelán MacGraith, this name mixes Gaelic and non-Gaelic orthographies in the same name. Therefore, a Gaelic form is needed to match the Gaelic forename. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR January 1997, p. 3) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.01 | Submitted as Katrinn Maddalena Damiani de Ferrara, no evidence was presented to support the combination of an Old Norse and Italian names in the same name. We have substituted the Italian form of Katrinn and replaced the French "of" with the proper Italian form. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR January 1997, p. 10) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1996.12 | Submitted as Adela Mac An Bhacstair it combines Gaelic and English in the same language. Therefore, we have made the entire name Gaelic. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR December 1996, p. 3) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1996.12 | This name is being returned for mixing Gaelic and non-Gaelic spellings . This needs to have either an Anglicized form of the forename or a Gaelic form of the surname. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR December 1996, p. 17) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1996.11 | [registering Karika Cigani] This was also a difficult decision to make. This name combines a given name used, to the best of our knowledge, only within the Gypsy community, with a word used outside the Gypsy community for Gypsies. The combination seems unlikely, but we have decided to give the submitter the benefit of the doubt. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR November 1996, p. 6) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1996.11 | Submitted as [N], it combined fully Gaelic and Anglicized Gaelic together. We have made the name entirely Anglicized. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR November 1996, p. 3) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1996.10 | Submitted as Gauzelen Upwode von Bamberg, which had a late first millenium CG forename combined with a 16th century English surname and a German locative byname. Fortunately, commenters were able to document something similar to what was submitted as an entirely English name. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR October 1996, p. 6) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1996.10 | This is being returned for combining a fully Gaelic name with an English name. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR October 1996, p. 9) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1996.09 | [returning Kiara O Slevin of the White Hands] The name is being returned for incorrect construction. The byname is completely out of place: you would not find a late-period Englishing of an Irish name combined with a bad translation of a medieval French literary epithet?! The French versions of the romance precede the English ones, and The Arthurian Encyclopedia, s.n. Isolde of the White Hands, seems to indicate that the name is a translation of Iseut (or Yseut) aux Blanches Mains, a French form consonant with such attested period examples as Aales aux Grosses treices 1292 "Alice with the large braids"... When such bynames were actually still in use, the natural English translation would have been withe Whithand (Wytehand, etc., or possibly in the plural, with handes, hands, honden, etc.). Before long the preposition and article would have fallen by the wayside... At no time would of the White Hands have been even a modern spelling of a plausible ME version of the French byname. The submitter forbade dropping any elements in order to register the name, so we are forced to return this. (Kiara O slevin of the White Hands, 9/96 p. 15) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1996.09 | Submitted as Tabitha Leah meen Samarra, we have changed the Hebrew word "meen" to of, since Samarra is not a Hebrew word. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR September 1996, p. 5) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1996.08 | [registering Gregor Vörös] Submitted in kingdom as Gregor Vörös, it was reversed and submitted as Vörös Gregor. Since this is not a wholly Hungarian name, which would have the surname first, but rather a Hungarian/German one, we see no reason not to put this into the form the submitter prefers. (Gregor Vörös, 8/96, p. 8) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1996.07 | [registering Francesca d'Angelo le Noir] The name would be better as all Italian Francesca d'Angelo Nero, or all French Françoise Angel(ot) le Noir, however a French/Italian name [is] registerable. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR July 1996, p. 6) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1996.07 | Shane is a late-period phonetic Englishing Irish Seán, so needs to be combined with an English form of the surname. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR July 1996, p. 8) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1996.07 | Submitted as Rowena Caer Linne, we have put the name in the proper Welsh, since Caer is Welsh and the spelling Linne is Gaelic. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR July 1996, p. 7) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1996.07 | Submitted as Ulrich von Rudivale, we have changed the to [to] of since the rules require that prepositions must agree in language with the following noun, and Rudivale, which is the client's home group, is English. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR July 1996, p. 13) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1996.06 | The English locative is very unlikely with an otherwise Italian name. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR June 1996, p. 1) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1996.04 | The combination of Italian given name and English surname is odd, though not so odd as to preclude registration. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR April 1996, p. 14) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1996.03 | [Wulfric Gylðir] The combination of Old English and Old Norse can probably be justified for the Danelaw, though the available evidence suggests that such spellings as Ulfric and Wlfric (probably representing Old Swedish or Old Danish Ulfrik) were the norm. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR March 1996, p. 8) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1996.03 | The name was submitted as Genevieve ní Thaithligh, which uses different orthographic systems for the given name and the patronymic in a manner inconsistent with documented period practice. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR March 1996, p. 7) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1996.02 | [returning Lassarina of Esclavonia] Esclavonia is an older name for Slavonia, once the eastern part of the kingdom of Croatia and later a part of Yugoslavia [editor's note: now an independent nation]; Lassarina is an Anglicized (or Latinized) Irish given name. No evidence was offered of cultural contact sufficient to support this combination, which seems quite improbable. (Lassarina of Esclavonia, 2/96 p. 20) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1996.02 | The Continental spelling of Brandt is very unlikely but could perhaps have been brought into England from the Low Countries in the 16th century. Either Brand or Brant would be much more likely with the English Griffin. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR February 1996, p. 12) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1996.02 | The name ... combines Gaelic and English spellings in a manner not yet documented in period. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR February 1996, p. 33) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1996.01 | [Brighid the Red] The lingua anglica allowance permits the combination of Irish Brighid with the English byname. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR January 1996, p. 2) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1996.01 | [Catriona of Downpatrick] Catriona is not a reasonable period Anglicization of Gaelic Caitriona and its variants, as may be seen from the recorded Anglo-Scottish forms Catrina and Katrina. However, the lingua anglica allowance permits it to be combined with the English version of the locative. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR January 1996, p. 15) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1996.01 | [Dasha Miloslava Broussard] The French surname tacked onto an otherwise thoroughly Russian name is implausible. Justification would appear to depend on a persona story rather than on evidence from period naming practice. Nevertheless, the persona story in question - Russian girl marries French trader and adopts his surname - is probably within current limits of acceptability. [The name was registered.] (Talan Gwynek, LoAR January 1996, p. 6) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1996.01 | Some commenters questioned the plausibility of the byname in combination with a Norse given name. There are at least two possible justifications; neither is wholly convincing, but they are enough to justify giving the name the benefit of the doubt. She may be a Spaniard living in Scandinavia who has adopted (or been given) a more familiar name. Alternatively, the byname may be an example of a phenomenon well-attested in the Middle Ages, at least for men's names: traders were sometimes named for the place with which they traded, and similarly, those who had lived abroad were sometimes named for the place where they had lived. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR January 1996, pp. 10-11) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1996.01 | There was certainly enough mediæval traffic between northeastern England and Scandinavia to justify combining an Anglo-Scandinavian patronymic with a Scandinavian given name. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR January 1996, p. 9) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.12 | The given name was submitted as Catriona, which cannot be justified as an English spelling, while the surname can only be English. Since the two spelling systems do not seem to have been combined in period, we have substituted the English spelling Catrina (pronounced almost identically). (Talan Gwynek, LoAR December 1995, p. 5) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.12 | The name mixes Anglo-French and Irish Gaelic spelling codes in a manner not found in period. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR December 1995, p. 20) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.12 | This was a very difficult decision. The issue is the scope of the Grandfather Clause. The basic principle is that an item once registered remains so even if for some reason it ceases to be registerable. As is explained in the 22 February 1993 Cover Letter, we have extended the principle in two ways. First, we allow the original submitter to register further instances of the problematic element provided that they introduce no new violations of the rules; and secondly, we extend the allowance to the original submitter's nearest kin. In this case the question is whether Roxane Blackfeather violates the present rules and precedents in any way that Ruaidhri Blackfeather does not.
Unfortunately, the answer depends on how one thinks of the latter name. (1) One might attempt to justify Blackfeather as a lingua anglica byname, but then one would have to show that it fits the semantic pattern of Irish bynames. If one adopts this view, then the present submission has essentially the same problem: it hasn't been demonstrated that Blackfeather is a reasonable (translation of a) byname in any period culture in which the name Roxane is likely to have been used. On this view the Grandfather Clause applies. (2) Alternatively, one might take Blackfeather to be a modern spelling of a hypothetical Middle English byname analogous to the attested Whitphether and Blakhat (J. Jönsjö, Middle English Nicknames); in that case the problem is the incompatible orthographies of Irish Ruaidhri and English Blackfeather, and the name would probably be registerable (if not particularly plausible) in the form Rory Blackfeather. On this view the only problem with Ruaidhri Blackfeather is a superficial incompatibility in the way the name is written, while Roxane Blackfeather suffers from a fundamental incompatibility in the nature of its elements; this is a new problem, and the Grandfather Clause does not apply. When Ruaidhri Blackfeather was submitted on the 5/90 Eastern LoI, the examples from Jönsjö were in fact used to justify the byname. This served to place both names in the British Isles in period, and at that time no further justification was necessary. Thus, both the original justification and the probable registerability today of the form Rory Blackfeather suggest that the second interpretation is the sounder of the two. Add Keystone's statement that the submitter actually wants a name from around the time of Alexander the Great, and we find it preferable to return the name with suggestions. Single names were probably the norm in Hellenistic culture, but bynames certainly were not unknown. We suggest that she consider a locative byname: they seem to have been recorded relatively often, and they are comparatively easy to form. Classically they are often adjectives, as in Roxane Persike `Roxane [the] Persian' and Roxane Kyzikene `Roxane of Cyzicus' (literally `the Cyzicene'). (Alexander's wife was a Bactrian, so Roxane Baktria is probably ill-advised.) In the New Testament one finds similar names with the definite article, e.g., Maria hê Magdalênê `Maria the Magdalene'; we do not know whether this usage was also found in Alexander's day. Simple descriptive adjectives are probably also appropriate, e.g., Roxane he Kale `Roxane the Fair'. (Note that all of the final es are syllabic; they more or less rhyme with way.) The lady lives in Pittsburgh; we suspect that there is someone at one of the universities there who can help with the grammatical details once she has an idea of what she'd like. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR December 1995, p. 20) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.11 | [returning Vairocana Belnon of Uddiyana] There are several problems with this name. First, the documentation is insufficient to show that it is formed according to Tibetan practice or even that Vairocana is Tibetan. Uddiyâna (with a dot under each d) was apparently a land `famous for its magicians'; the context doesn't make it clear whether this was a real or merely a legendary place but does show that it was not Tibetan. More important, significant interaction between Tibet and pre-seventeenth century Western culture has not been demonstrated. The Encyclopædia Britannica dates the first visits to Tibet by Western missionaries to the 17th century, and the fact that the 8th century Tibetan kingdom had some contact with the Arab conquerors of Iran still leaves Tibetans at least two removes from Western Europe. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR November 1995, p. 16) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.11 | The name was submitted as Cyneburh Ceridwen MacDougall, which contains at least four `weirdnesses': (1) the names are from three different cultures and languages; (2) Ceridwen seems not to have been used by human beings in period and is allowed only on sufferance; (3) there is a huge chronological gap between Cyneburh and MacDougall; and (4) the overall structure has been documented only for the language of the weakest element (Ceridwen) or for a date completely incompatible with Cyneburh. We have replaced the given name with a later form to ameliorate the last two and consider the first two not quite extreme enough to warrant further changes. Nevertheless, the name would be far more authentic without the Ceridwen. [Registered as Kyneburgh Ceridwen MacDougall] (Talan Gwynek, LoAR November 1995, pp.1-2) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.10 | [Chrétienne Aingeal nic Chaoindealbháin] There is no more evidence for mixing French and Gaelic spelling conventions than there is for mixing those of English and Gaelic, so one convention or the other must be used throughout. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR October 1995, p. 19) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.10 | [registering Rígnach of Argyll] The byname is registerable by virtue of the lingua anglica allowance. (Rígnach of Argyll, 10/95 p. 14) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.10 | The name ... combines English and Gaelic spelling conventions in a non-period manner. We have therefore substituted an Anglicized spelling of the place-name. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR October 1995, p. 2) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.10 | The name was submitted as Cáelán ap Llwyd, in which Cáelán is Irish, and the rest, Welsh. There is a reasonable amount of evidence for Welsh/Irish combinations in names, but they should still follow one spelling convention or the other, so we have removed the distinctively Irish accents to produce what Harpy calls a `plausible Welsh borrowing of an Irish given name'. (Caelan ap Llwyd, 10/95 p. 8) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.09 | [Ana Isabella Julietta Borja] Three given names are almost non-existent in period, but Ensign noted the Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia (of Austria), 1566-1633, daughter of Philip II of Spain and Elizabeth of Valois. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR September 1995, p. 1) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.09 | [Ladislaus de Brady] In the absence of any evidence for Polish/English names, this combination seems a bit too improbable to register. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR September 1995, p. 26) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.09 | [Tatiana Mitford] Such a Russian [given]/English [surname] combination is extremely improbable in period. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR September 1995, p. 10) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.09 | Period practice does not seem to mix English and Gaelic spellings in the same name. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR September 1995, p. 25) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.09 | [Kenneth die Katze] The combination of a German byname with an Anglo-Scottish given name is very unlikely. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR September 1995, p. 15) [The name was registered.] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.09 | The mixture of Irish and English spellings goes against documented period practice. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR September 1995, p. 10) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.08 | [changing Dirk Ivanovich] No one produced evidence of sufficient interaction between the Low Countries and Russia in period to justify the combination. (Direk Ivanovich, 8/95 p. 5) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.08 | It was suggested by Lion's Blood that this submission should receive the benefit of the doubt, since it was made before the discussion of mixed Gaelic/Anglicized names in the 6/95 Cover Letter. However, we note that as of April a number of such names had been changed or returned of such names, e.g., Duncan MacGriogair of Hawkwood (Atlantia), returned on the 1/95 LoAR. The discussion in the June Cover Letter is a clarification and explanation of a policy already in force when this submission was made. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR August 1995, p. 1) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.06 | Submitted as [N] Mandragon [M], according to his own documentation the submitter was attempting to combine the Welsh man (freckled or spotted, but which was documented only in the English surname Man and the German name Mann) with the English dragon (dragon). We have substituted a documentable form of the combination byname [Mandrake], which was also a form he specifically noted he would accept. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR June 1995, p. 9) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.06 | The name combines a given name spelled according to Gaelic spelling conventions with a surname spelled according to English spelling conventions. No evidence has yet been found for switching spelling "codes" so drastically in mid-name. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR June 1995, p. 30) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.06 | The submitter's documentation makes the overall name a combination of a Hebrew given name with a Persian given name. Neither language appears to have formed names in this way (unmarked patronymics). (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR June 1995, p. 26) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.05 | The name uses two widely divergent transliteration systems; the forename is spelled in a thoroughly Gaelic fashion, while the surname is just as clearly written in an English manner. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR May 1995, p. 15) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.05 | The question of mixed Gaelic/English names appears to have been widely misunderstood. The legitimacy of combining names of Gaelic origin with names of English (or for that matter French or Norse) origin has never been in question; but it should be done in a reasonable way. What distinguishes this particular combination from most others is that Gaelic orthographic conventions are startlingly different from those of English; the English and Gaelic "codes" for representing sounds are very dissimilar. For example, English doesn't use bh or mh for the sound of v; Gaelic does not use the letter v. Writing Gaelic names in an English setting is therefore akin to transliterating Chinese, Russian, Greek, Hebrew, and Arabic names: although the alphabet is largely familiar, many of the phonetic values of its letters and letter combinations are not. For example, the symbols Ainmire Ó Catháin are in English a very poor representation of the name; the Anglicization Anvirre O Kaane, on the other hand, is an excellent representation according to the conventions of sixteenth century English. Note that differences in spelling conventions between such languages as French and German are small by comparison and were even smaller in period.
We regularly require that Chinese names use a single transliteration system throughout, whether Pinyin or Wade-Giles. Similarly, we have required reasonable consistency of transliteration of Russian and Arabic names, modifying submitted forms to avoid glaring inconsistencies. Are we then to ignore the documentary evidence and allow widely divergent transliteration systems in this instance? All of the evidence found to date demonstrates that mixed Gaelic and English names were written according to a single set of spelling conventions, either Gaelic or English. (This is not to claim that either of these systems was itself entirely uniform, of course.) After all the discussion on this issue, no one yet has presented any evidence that supports anything but consistency of transliteration in either Gaelic or Anglicized Gaelic (well, okay, or Latin) for Gaelic/English names; consistency which we already require for names in a number of other languages. As a consequence, it is my belief that we should require consistent transliterations of Gaelic/English names: such names should be spelled according to Gaelic conventions or according to English conventions, but should not drastically switch spelling conventions from Gaelic to English or vice versa in mid-name. (Da'ud ibn Auda, Cover Letter to the LoAR of May 1995, p. 2) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.04 | It was also suggested that the name would be better entirely French than this odd mixture of French nouns and adjectives and English particles. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR April 1995, p. 10) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.02 | [Eric Ibrahim Mozarab] No documentation has been found for combined Norse-English/Arabic names. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR February 1995, p. 14) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.02 | [Rhine] that spelling of the river's name is English, entirely out of place in an otherwise German name. We have substituted the German spelling here. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR February 1995, p. 7) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.02 | [William Bruce] Submitted as William Ethelwulf Bruce, Ethelwulf is entirely out of place in the remainder of the name. (Please remember, Anglo-Saxon and 17th Century English are two entirely different languages. We have dropped the problematic element in order to register the name. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR February 1995 p. 7) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.02 | The [submitted] name mixed a fully Gaelic given with an anglicized surname. No evidence has yet been presented that such mixed language names were ever used in period. As the documentation for the submission was all Irish, we have substituted the Gaelic form of the surname. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR February 1995, p. 4) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.02 | The name combined a purely English given name with a purely Gaelic patronymic, a combination which has yet to be documented in period or since. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR February 1995, p. 5) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.02 | The name combines an Irish Gaelic given with and Anglo-Scottish surname. No documentation has yet been presented for such combinations at any time in period. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR February 1995, p. 11) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.01 | [Duncan MacGriogair of Hawkwood] The name is mixed English and Gaelic; the given and locative make it primarily English, and the Gaelic patronymic is quite out of place. While the Rules for Submission on "Name Grammar and Syntax" do note in the subtext that "As a rule of thumb, languages should be used together only if there was substantial contact between the cultures that spoke those languages, and a name should not combine more than three languages.", the requirement in the statement of the rule itself is that such combinations must "follow documented patterns". No one yet has presented any documentation for mixed Gaelic/English names, either in period or since. Such a combination therefore follows no documented pattern whatsoever. With a minor change to something like MacGregor we could have registered the name, but as submitter allowed no changes whatsoever we are forced to return this. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR January 1995, p. 12) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.12 | An English given name plus a locative surname plus a Scots Gaelic patronym from a Norse given does not follow the naming practices or models of either English or Gaelic. (See RfS III.1., "Name Grammar and Syntax - All names must be grammatically correct for period names and follow documented patterns.") (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR December 1994, p. 12) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.12 | I realize that this has an Irish Gaelic given and an Englished surname..., but it was felt that the combination was only one "weirdness". (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR December 1994, p. 6) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.12 | The combination of German forename and Gaelic byname needs justification, at the very least. None of the commenters noted any German/Gaelic interaction in period (see, e.g., RfS III.1., "As a rule of thumb, languages should be used together only if there was substantial contact between the cultures that spoke those languages." (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR December 1994, p. 10) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda | 1994.12 | The English "of" is entirely out of place in an otherwise all-Welsh name. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR December 1994, p. 12) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda | 1994.12 | There is no evidence for either two given names in Gaelic names or for mixing purely Gaelic name elements in an otherwise English name. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR December 1994, p. 4) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.11 | RfS III.1.a. requires that "Each phrase must be grammatically correct according to the usage of a single language." Here we have a Welsh patronymic particle (merch) combined into a single phrase with an Anglicized variant of an Old Irish surname (Ó Donndugháin), which itself appears to be from a compound meaning "brown Dubhán". The combination is unlikely in the extreme, and it does not follow "the usage of a single language" as required by the RfS. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR November 1994, p. 14) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.11 | Submitted as [N] Garthloch, that form combines Old Norse garthr with Gaelic loch in a single element, which is impermissible here. We have substituted a documented Scottish placename which is extremely close to the submitted form and the elements of which appear in the submitter's documentation. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR November 1994, p. 8) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.11 | The name is a mix of an Old Irish given, an Anglicized spelling of an Irish "o" patronym, an incorrect Gaelic feminine patronymic prefix combined with an Anglicized name, and an English locative referencing an early Irish kingdom. Such a combination is simply impossible. We recommend the commentary of especially Harpy and Palimpsest for a more detailed discussion of the specific problems with the various elements and their combination here. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR November 1994, p. 12) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.10 | A combination of an Old English forename with what can only be a fairly late English form of an Irish surname is too far from period practice. [The name was returned.] (Wege Teague, 10/94 p. 12) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.10 | All of the evidence to date argues against the combining of Gaelic and Englished name elements in a single name in period. As anglicizing the fully Gaelic element made the smallest change to the name, we have done that here. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR October 1994, p. 10) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.10 | Brenna is only marginally justifiable for the Classical Mediterranean area. It's use in an Anglo-Irish name as one of two given names becomes two steps beyond period practice, as Anglo-Irish names did not use double given names in period. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR October 1994, p. 17) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.10 | Glen is English; the Gaelic word is gleann. The English form should not be used with a fully Gaelic descriptor. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR October 1994, p. 15) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.10 | No one has found any evidence that Gaelic names were ever combined with non-Gaelic (in this case, English) bynames. As the submitter allowed corrections, we have fully Englished the name. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR October 1994, p. 8) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.10 | The modern English form of the Irish patronym is entirely inconsistent with an Old English given name. [The name was returned.] (Beornheard O'Dea, 10/94 p. 14) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.10 | The patronymic was Gaelic with the remainder of the name was Englished. As no examples have yet been adduced for combining fully Gaelic forms with Englished forms, we have made the smallest change possible and Englished the patronymic. (Ian MacIneirie of Inverary, 10/94 p. 7) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.09 | [returning House of the Argent Horse] "Argent" is not a common English element; as an adjective referring to a color, its use is confined almost entirely to heraldry. English, unlike German, has no tradition of house names based on armory; the authentic usage would be White Horse. (Jonathan Thorne, 9/94 p. 18) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.09 | Submitted as Domingo Muhammad Marín de León, even in Spain the combination is extremely unlikely. All of the evidence we have suggests that either Domingo ibn Muhammad (a reasonable patronymic formation for a first-generation Christian Mudejar) or Domingo Marín de León (appropriate for Spanish Christians) are the two strongest possibilities. We have therefore made the smallest change possible and dropped the intrusive Islamic element to register the name. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR September 1994, pp. 5-6) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.09 | The name combines in a single phrase two different languages (Norse and Gaelic), and thus falls afoul of RfS III.1. Name Grammar and Syntax ("Names should generally combine elements that are all from a single linguistic culture") and III.1.a., Linguistic Consistency ("Each phrase must be grammatically correct according to the usage of a single language"). (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR September 1994, p. 17) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.08 | Submitted as Curnán MacDowell, we have been unable to find fully Gaelic given names combined with Anglicized Gaelic patronymics. As the submitter allowed minor changes, and since Curnan (without the accent) is a reasonable englishing, we have substituted it as the closest form to that submitted. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR August 1994, p. 13) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.08 | The combination of Hindi in an otherwise all English name (Avenell is found in Reaney & Wilson) is particularly jarring, and would not have occurred in period. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR August 1994, p. 16) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.07 | Submitted as Ædward Stædefæste on the LoI, the name appears on the forms as Ædward Stadfæste. The LoI failed to mention that this spelling of the byname appears in the OED as the Danish form. Given the Danish presence in England, I can find no compelling reason not to give the submitter his desired spelling. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR July 1994, p. 6) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.05 | [Registering David Falvy Falconer.] Submitted as David Faílbe Falconer, the combination of late period English and ancient Irish Gaelic was not at all compatible. We have submitted the Englished form. [5/94, p.2] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.05 | [Registering Gwenhwyvar Ainsley.] Submitted as Gwenhwyvar Ainsley a'Ghio, ... an additional problem is the dearth of evidence that a Welsh forename, an English locative surname, and a Gaelic locative surname could have come together in the name of a single individual. Gaelic, in particular, seems to resist mixed language combinations. As a consequence, we have dropped the most unlikely element in order to register the name. [5/94, p.5] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.05 | [Registering Katrine Avelina Fitzalan.] This would have been better with the given as Katerin or Katerine, as Katrine is a German form unlikely to appear in an otherwise English name. [5/94, p.11] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.05 | [Registering Sarai Rose Perlea.] Submitted as Sarai Rose Perlai, the submitted form of the placename is from the Domesday Book, and is entirely out of place with the late period form of the name. We have modified the spelling of the locative to a documented form more compatible with the remainder of the name. [5/94, p.2] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.05 | [Returning David Mícheál Mac Laisre.] The name consists of three given names: Mac Laisre is a given name, not a patronymic (and since it means 'son of flame', it can't well be re-interpreted as a patronymic). No evidence has been found for the use of two given names in Irish, let alone three with no surname. That, combined with the fact that Mícheál is a modern spelling of older Míchél, while Dauíd (rather than David) is an older spelling of modern Daibhead, is sufficient cause for return. [5/94, p.15] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.05 | [Returning Eibhlin Niccluir.] The "patronymic" is unattested in the documentation. The only variant discussed in the documentation (dated to 1637) is Makcluir. Further, as an anglicized variant it is unlikely to have been combined with a Gaelic borrowing of the Norman Avelina and Emeline. The combination of two unlikely components is sufficient to cause return for rework and/or better documentation. [5/94, p.18] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.05 | [Returning Krista al Kamil.] The example of combined Arabic/Spanish names is not sufficient support for combined Swiss/Arabic names. (The submitter seemed to be confusing the Swedes and the Swiss in her documentation. Caches of Arab silver coins have been found in Scandinavia, not Switzerland. And the presence of Arabic silver coins in Sweden is only evidence that the trade routes extended that far, not that the people at the two ends of those trade routes had any direct dealings with each other.) [5/94, p.22] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.05 | [Returning Mredyth Vetrgaupa.] [T]he combination of an Anglicized Welsh masculine given name with a compound Icelandic byname [is] highly improbable ... . [5/94, p.14] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.04 | [Returning Kendrick of the Saxon Shore.] Kendrick is acceptable in this spelling only as a late period given name. The phrase "Saxon Shore" comes from a 5th Century document called the Notitia Dignitatem, which includes a list of stations under the command of an officer called comes litoris Saxonici ("Count of the Saxon Shore"). This title (not name element) dates from the late 3rd Century at the earliest, and [no] evidence of its use appears after the breakdown of Roman authority in Britain (late 5th Century). It does not appear to have been used in any other way (say, as a placename). The combination of an extremely unlikely placename, "lingua franca" or not, which would only have been used (if at all) in early period with a late period given name exceeds the "Rule of Two Weirdnesses", iterated by Baron Bruce in his May 8, 1993 Cover Letter: "If the elements of a submitted name are dated too far apart, then any other anomaly in the name may combine to force it to be returned. ... [H]enceforth, excessive temporal mismatch may contribute to a name's unacceptability; another problem with the name may cause it to be returned." (Cover Letter, May 8, 1993, p. 4) [4/94, p.18] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.04 | [Returning Wilhelm the Red Hawk of Brandenburg.] The Red Hawk does not appear to be a reasonable English byname, particularly in conjunction with the German form of the given name. The example of Albert the Bear of Brandenburg does not sufficiently support the form for the [color + animal] of Brandenburg. [4/94, p.15] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.03 | [Registering Aodh Marland.] Submitted as Aodh Adendra Marland, the very lengthy appeal made interesting reading. However, it was not shown that Greek bynames were used in the Gaelic countries (although the point was made for Latin bynames). Nor was it shown that "tree-less" falls into any existing pattern of classical bynames used in the Middle Ages. As a consequence we have dropped the problematic element in order to register the name. [3/94, p.3] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.03 | Submitted as ... o Tatershal, the Welsh "o" is out of place with the English placename. The simplest course was to simply drop it. [3/94, p.2] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.03 | Submitted as Muirghan Ruadh of Dragoon Keep, "Dragoon" is a post-period term applied to a particular type of pistol, and only later applied to the cavalrymen who carried that pistol. It is not a period variant of "dragon". We have, therefore, dropped it in order to register the name. [3/94, p.9] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.02 | [Returning House Caer Knot.] The name also has, to all intents and purposes, a double designator: in English, House Fort Knot. The fact that they are in different languages only serves to exacerbate the problem. He needs to choose just one. [2/94, p.23] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.01 | [Registering ferch Rhys.] Submitted as ... ni Rhys ...; we have modified the patronymic particle to match the language of the patronym. [1/94, p.7] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.01 | [Returning Ixtlilxochitl de los Indios.] No evidence was submitted or noted by any of the commenters supporting this combination of Nahuatl and Spanish. From all of the historical evidence we could find, the Native Americans were given Spanish Christian names by the Spaniards under their forced Christianization and at no time was a mixed name in this style ever done. [1/94, p.16] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.01 | Siobhan is out of place in anything but an all-Gaelic name, being usually anglicized as "John". [1/94, p.14] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.01 | The submitted name is not just an Anglo-French hybrid; it has the specific form {English nominal descriptor} {French toponym}. The examples [are] of the form {English place-name} {surname of French owner}. Vair Couvert follows another pattern altogether, one that still hasn't been documented. (And since the pattern involves the use of two languages in a single phrase, it must be documented pretty thoroughly; one or two isolated examples would probably be insufficient.) [1/94, p.18] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1993.12a | [Returning Alexander de Saytoune na Ban Dharaich.] There were two problems with the name. The first is the use of de with Saytoune, which is, in Lord Palimpsest's words, "probably not right", owing to the fact that Saytoune does not predate the 15th Century, well after use of "de" disappeared. The second, is that the Gaelic byname is unlikely in the extreme to have been used with what is essentially an English name. While the submitter allowed minor changes, we felt that dropping the "de" and either dropping the byname or translating it into English did not constitute minor changes. [12a/93, p.19] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1993.12a | [Returning Hashem, ábu Benjamin.] No documentation was presented, nor could any be found, to support the odd mix of languages and the unusual construction of the name. We would recommend that the submitter consider an all-Arabic, all-Hebrew, or all-English name, and then structure it in accordance with the normal word order and grammar for that language. [12a/93, p.15] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1993.12a | [Returning Méadhbh Ysolde fra Skuyö.] Meadhbh (no accent) is a modern spelling of an ancient Irish name; Ysolde is an Anglo-French spelling of the Old French Iseaut, and the locative is modern Norwegian. Taken as a whole, the combination is too unlikely linguistically to be permissible. Additionally, there is some question about the locative being formed correctly. Unless the Swedish name of the island of Skye is Skuy, the submitted form is unlikely. [12a/93, p.20] |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1993.10 | Note that Spanish-English cultural interaction is easily attested via various Tudor marriages; Philip of Spain and Bloody Mary spring to mind. (Maria Adelina Garcia de Macjenkyne, October, 1993, pg. 19) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1993.10 | Note that we have in the past allowed the use of Mac with English given names. (Logan Mersc Macjenkyne, October, 1993, pg. 11) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1993.10 | Swedish-Italian interaction is documented in the Saga of Harald the Ruthless, the story of a Viking's expedition to Sicily: "Actually, King Harald the Ruthless didn't do so well in southern Italy because he met up with compatriots, tribal brothers. Normans from Normandy had moved down there ...even threatening Byzantine properties." ( The Norsemen by Count Eric Oxenstierna, p. 279). Swedes, of course, formed the original Verangian guard in Byzantium, and from there they sailed the Mediterranean. The Italian historian Liudprand (ca. 922-972) wrote in Byzantium, "There is a race living in the north whom the Greeks, because of a peculiarity [he is referring to their red-blond coloring] call Rusii, whereas we call them Normans, according to the location of their homeland. " (quotes in original text, ibid., p. 107). An Italian-Scandinavian name would therefore be acceptable. (Sylvia Stjarnstirrare, October, 1993, pg. 10) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1993.10 | There was some question of Gaelic-Italian interaction in period, but note that St. Columbanus of Ireland (b. Leinster, 543 AD) founded his last monastery in Bobbio, in the foothills of the Apennine mountains of Italy, bringing Christianity to the heathens living there. (Gabriella Allegra Palumbo O'Loingsigh, October, 1993, pg. 19) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1993.09 | While we have evidence of Arabic/Italian interaction in period, Persian/Italian interaction has yet to be demonstrated. (Beatrice Carmela Mercante, September, 1993, pg. 6) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1993.08 | Yiddish, from Eastern Europe, has not been shown to have enough period interaction with Irish to justify combining them in a name. (Deborah Fey O'Mora, August, 1993, pg. 9) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1993.07 | The submitter has documented a pattern of use involving Gaelic names with the Welsh patronymic particle ap. It's reasonable to extend this exception to Rule III.2.a to the feminine equivalent ferch. (Mwynwenn ferch Maelsnectain, July, 1993, pg. 10) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1993.05 | We accept German/Spanish interaction, thanks to the Hapsburgs, but German/Argentinian interaction in period remains to be demonstrated (Magda Azul, May, 1993, pg. 1) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1993.03 | It could be argued that, even if Caer were derived from the Gaelic cathair, the submitted name would still seem acceptable, given the cited examples. Most of those examples, though, are anglicized forms; and while an anglicized Caerdavid would be perfectly acceptable, the submitted Gaelic spelling of Daibhidh requires a plausible construction for that language. Not only must Daibhidh be put into the genitive case, but an unanglicized form of Caer must be used. The submission forms do not forbid grammatical corrections, so we've substituted the correct Gaelic spelling; the pronunciation is nearly unchanged from their submitted form. If they prefer the spelling Caer, they may resubmit Caerdavid or the fully Welsh Caer Ddafydd. (College of Cathair Dhaibhaidh, March, 1993, pg. 3) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1993.01 | The use of the Russian given name with the French epithet is in apparent violation of Rule III.2. We need evidence of regular period contact between Russia and France before we can register this name. (Marina la Perdu, January, 1993, pg. 34) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1992.10 | [Boris Brighthill] The use of the Russian given name with the English surname violates our requirements for cultural contact, as outlined in Rule III.2. We need some evidence of period interaction between Russia and England. [Such evidence was later presented; see Tatiana Todhunter, March, 1993, pg. 18] (Boris Brighthill, October, 1992, pg. 29) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1992.10 | [Susanna Elizabeth Marie Wiegner von Kassel] With five name elements in three languages, we require some documentation that this is acceptable period style. Presumably (because of the locative) the primary language is German, so any resubmission should address period German naming style: are there period examples of German names with five elements? Without such examples, I must rule as I did for English names (LoAR of July 92) and Italian names (Sept 92), and disallow German names of five or more elements. (Susanna Elizabeth Marie Wiegner von Kassel, October, 1992, pg. 32) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1992.10 | The submitter documents period interaction between England and Russia: Ivan the Terrible took some pains to cultivate a friendly relationship with England. He chartered the London-based Muscovy Company in 1555 to set up trading depots throughout Muscovy (Basil Dmytryshny, Medieval Russia: A Source Book, 900-1700), and himself sought to marry one of Queen Elizabeth's ladies (1911 E.Brit. , vol.xv, p.90). Henceforth, we will register English-Russian names from that period. [Supercedes precedent of October 1992, pg. 20 (Boris Brighthill)] (Tatiana Todhunter, March, 1993, pg. 18) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1992.10 | The use of [a] Russian given name with [a] French surname violates our requirements for cultural contact, as outlined in Rule III.2. We need some evidence of period interaction between Russia and France. (Tamara Germain, October, 1992, pg. 32) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1992.10 | The use of the Russian given name with the Irish patronymic violates our requirements for cultural contact, as outlined in Rule III.2. We need some evidence of period interaction between Russia and Ireland. (Akilina O'Cinndeargain, October, 1992, pg. 22) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1992.09 | [Arianna Gunnarsdottir] The Italian given name does not seem compatible with the Old Norse patronymic. Per Rule III.2, we need evidence of period Old Norse/Italian interaction before we can register this name. (Arianna Gunnarsdottir, September, 1992, pg. 43) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1992.09 | [Kara of Kirriemuir] The given name was submitted as Kara, documented as a Russian diminutive of Karina. However, no evidence was presented for the period Russian/Scots interaction such a name would require [the first name was converted to a Latin name with a similar sound]. (Cara of Kirriemuir, September, 1992, pg. 30) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1992.08 | [ni Connor] The patronymic was submitted as ni Connor, which mixed an Irish particle with an anglicized given name. Lord Dragon found examples of ny as an anglicization of the Irish ní; we have substituted that. (Margaret ny Connor, August, 1992, pg. 16) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1992.08 | The byname was submitted as Reidleac, but that form combines English and Scots Gaelic into a single word. Such practice is disallowed per Rule III.2.a. We have substituted a completely English spelling [Reidleck]; he could also have the Gaelic Ruadhleac, if he wishes. (Odinel Reidleck, August, 1992, pg. 7) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1992.08 | We have no evidence of regular period contact between Russia ...and Cornwall (Fiona Morwenna Seaborne, August, 1992, pg. 4) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1992.08 | Lady Ensign has provided documentation for combining Aztec elements in a Spanish name: Juan de Texeda was an Indian governor in 1540. [Salvador Juárez de Xochimilco, 08/1992, A-Caid] |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1992.07 | [á Kerry] Since Kerry is the anglicized form of the Irish Ciarraí, we have substituted the English preposition. (Berwyn of Kerry, July, 1992, pg. 3) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1992.07 | [Tamás of Midian] The land of Midian is mentioned only in Exodus (Moses married a princess of Midian), and does not seem to have still existed by the time of Christ, when Thomas came into use as a name --- much less by medieval times, when the latter was modified by the Magyars to Tamás. As Lord Green Anchor notes, Rule III.2 requires multi-cultural names to show "regular contact between the cultures." While one might argue some contact (albeit one-way) between, say, Old English and Middle English, that argument cannot hold between the Sinai, c.1200 BC, and Hungary, c.1000 AD. These are as culturally incompatible as Aztec and Viking, and may not be used in this manner. (Tamás of Midian, July, 1992, pg. 23) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1992.07 | Evidently, the Irish were often found on the Continent during the first millenium A.D., as clerks, missionaries, and scholars. Alcuin brought Irish scribes to the university at Aachen, sponsored by Charlemagne; and St. Gall, the founder of the model monastery in Switzerland, was himself Irish, a disciple of St. Columba. An Irish/German name is thus not beyond the bounds of reason. (Dallán Ó Fearchaidhe vom Kirschwald, July, 1992, pg. 9) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1992.07 | I'm told that Spanish/Scots interaction, like Spanish/English, was not inconsiderable in the 16th Century, so [a name combining both] is not beyond the bounds of reason. (Alvira MacDonald, July, 1992, pg. 6) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1992.03 | [<given name> bena Cato, bena meant to be Irish for "wife of"] "The byname is improperly constructed. It contains mixed languages that do not appear to have combined this way in period. (Also, according to Lord Dragon the particle should be 'ben' rather than 'bena'.)" (LoAR 3/92 p.12). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1992.02 | [<Norse name> "the Runesayer"] "The name has been modified to drop the intrusively modern epithet. 'The Runesayer' is not a Norse expression nor does it appear to be formed on a Period exemplar. Runes are not something that needed 'saying,' and the byname appears to be a modern fantasy idiom." (LoAR 2/92 p.1). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.12 | [Castell Daibhidh] "The name mixes languages in a single phrase, and no evidence was presented that it is possible to mix English and Scottish Gaelic in this way." (LoAR 12/91 p.16). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.11 | "The use of a Greek adjective (as opposed to a Greek name element) in the middle of an Irish/English name seems unlikely. We would prefer to see some evidence of at least a pattern of similar naming practices in period." [The name was returned for this reason] (LoAR 11/91 p.19). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (1st year of 1st tenure) | 1991.04 | [MacGunther] "Given the citation from Forssner's Continental-Germanic Personal Names in England of Gunter, Gonther, and Gonter as given names, this usage with a Scots patronymic becomes much more reasonable." [the name was registered] (LoAR 4/91 p.8). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (1st year of 1st tenure) | 1991.03 | [FitzMungo] "The documented names FitzNeill and Fitzpatrick, as only two examples of mixed Norman/Gaelic patronymics, lend credence to this usage." (LoAR 3/91 p.1). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (1st year of 1st tenure) | 1990.12 | "The combination of a Russian given with a Norse patronymic ending was so unlikely as to be disallowed by the Rules for Submission III.2.a and Laurel precedent." (LoAR 12/90 p.7). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (1st year of 1st tenure) | 1990.12 | "The use of the Gaelic patronymic is inappropriate with an anglicization of the patronymic name." [the name was returned: note that this is may be anomalous as it is contrary to later acceptances in LsoAR of 1/91, 2/91, which allowed combinations such as nic Lowry, nic Andrew and nic Bryan] (LoAR 12/90 p.14). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (1st year of 1st tenure) | 1990.08 | [The byname von An Tir] "The languages of the locative do not match (German and Welsh)." [The submission was returned solely for this reason. This ruling implies that SCA places are not entirely part of the "lingua franca" and are subject to the style rules for linguistic consistency] (LoAR 8/90 p.14). |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1989.03.26 | The epithet flatly contravenes the long-standing Laurel precedent that two languages may not be combined in the same word unless there is period evidence for this occurring for the particular languages and elements concerned.... For years the College has regularly modified or returned names which unite ore than one language in a single word or phrase ("Guillaumesdottir", "de Firenze", etc.), even where these are "linguistically compatible", i.e., all from Romance languages or Celtic languages, etc. Exceptions such as the use of the French "de" with English place names have only been allowed after significant evidence has bee produced for such usage in period. (LoAR 26 Mar 89, p. 18) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1989.03.26 | The use of the French "de" with English place names has been well documented in the past. (LoAR 26 Mar 89, p. 12) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1988.10.30 | A French given name cannot simply be merged with an Old English or Welsh suffix without further ado. Even the merging of Old Norse with Old English, which would be culturally, if not necessarily linguistically more persuasive, cannot be supported. (LoAR 30 Oct 88, p. 15) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1988.10.30 | As the given name was English, we felt that it was proper to use the Old English form of the patronymic [Beornsson] which is closer in sound to the form submitted [Bjornsson]. [The Norse form is Bjarnarson] (LoAR 30 Oct 88, p. 3) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1988.10.30 | The documentation indicated that the given name was compounded from a Hindu adjective ... and [a] Spanish noun.... Society usage does not permit such cross-linguistic amalgams (unless there is specific documentation to support the form) and in this case it is particularly unlikely given the naming practises of the two linguistic groups. (LoAR 30 Oct 88, p. 16) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1988.04.23 | As the remainder of the name is Anglicized, the Gaelic preposition na seemed decidedly out of place so the lingua franca preposition [of] has been substituted. (LoAR of 23 Apr 88, p. 1) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1988.01.24 | [Returning of Raymond of Argentwood] The use of the French adjective "argent" in this manner, prefixed to an English noun, does not seem to be period, although Silverwood would be fine. As he forbids even minor changes to his name, the name as a whole must be returned. (LoAR 24 Jan 88, p. 9) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1988.02.21 | The use [of an Anglicised form of an Irish given name] with the Welsh patronymic particle "ap" is inappropriate. (LoAR 21 Feb 88, p. 12) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1988.08 | [O'Drake] As the patronymic particle does not seem to have been used with English surnames in this manner, we have dropped it. (LoAR Aug 88, p. 12) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1988.08 | As the suffix is documented as a Latin form (and not as a Germanic one), it must normally be combined with Latin elements and not Frankish or Gothic prothemes. (LoAR Aug 88, p. 20) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1987.10.31 | You cannot use a German article with an Old Norse noun. (LoAR 31 Oct 87, p. 11) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1987.03.29 | Both my predecessors have with great consistency upheld the rule that both elements of a patronymic name must be derived from the same language or a language combination that would demonstrably have occurred (e.g., "mac" plus an English given name form in the Lowlands of Scotland). (LoAR 29 Mar 87, p. 19) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1987.02.28 | The form of the patronymic is not correct since the particle [ap] is Welsh and "[Name]" purely English. (LoAR 28 Feb 87, p. 22) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1987.02.28 | The submittor's own documentation indicated that "min" in an "inseparable preposition" from Hebrew. By our rules this means that the place name would have either to be Hebraic or be from a language which demonstrably merged in this manner. (LoAR 28 Feb 87, p. 24) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1987.04.26 | The use of the Norman French patronymic [fitz] with an English occupational name [Smith] finds no support. (LoAR 26 Apr 87, p. 2) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1987.08 | The explanation offered by the submittor for the given name on the basis of Provencal orthography is not compelling, particularly since [Name] is [a] Cornish common noun.... This being so, our rules demand some evidence for its use as a given name in period. (LoAR Aug 87, p. 15) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1987.08 | The given name was stated to be "the Irish name Rowan as it would be spelled by a French monk or priest after only hearing it once." Unfortunately, not only is this somewhat debatable, but this is also a documented period English spelling for the name of the French city of Rouen (Reaney, p. 296). Therefore, it cannot be accepted as a constructed variant. (LoAR Aug 87, p. 15) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1986.12.28 | As [Name] is the Anglicised version of the name, used only as a last name so far as our sources show, the use of the Irish patronymic particle seem inappropriate and so has been dropped. (LoAR 28 Dec 86, p. 9) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1986.12.28 | The family name was submitted as [Name]sson. However, [Name] is an English mispronunciation of the Welsh family name [Name] and thus is inappropriate for use in such a patronymic. (LoAR 28 Dec 86, p. 10) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1986.12.28 | The problem with the polylingual names so common in our Society is that their use is predicated on the assumption that the person in question moved in more than one nation in the course of their career. This requires that we check for conflict beyond the limits of a single language into translated forms that would not have been common in period. In fact, this personage with a Scots given name and the English family name [Surname] would have been called Ian [Surname] in Scotland (because there was no ready translation for [Surname]), but would have regularly been called John [Surname] in England. (LoAR 28 Dec 86, p. 16) [Name returned for conflict] |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1986.10.26 | The patronymic on the original submission ... is compounded of the French patronymic "Fitz" and the Old German (not Anglo-Saxon, as stated in the letter of intent) given name "[Name]". It was the consensus of opinion in the College that the conjunction of the two languages here is unlikely and violates the rules on combination of languages in a single name. (LoAR 26 Oct 86, p. 3) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1986.09.27 | The submitted middle name ..., which was stated to be made-up, has been dropped since our rules demand that manufactured names match the dominant language of the name and this seems compatible with neither [the language of the given] nor [language of the surname]. (LoAR 27 Sep 86, p. 3) |
| Baldwin of Erebor | 1986.03.09 | [N. Thorwynsson.] Batonvert refers to this kind of patronymic as "Anglo-Scandinavian". Apparently, Old Norse/Anglo-Saxon hybrids were not uncommon in period. We see no problem with the name. [BoE, 9 Mar 86, p.4] [The byname takes a component from each language.] |
| Wilhelm von Schlüssel | 1981.02.23 | The badge itself is OK, but the household name is not. Baldly placing two words from two different languages together like this is non-period usage. WVS [36] [LoAR 23 Feb 81], p. 7 |
| Wilhelm von Schlüssel | 1980.05.15 | I have changed this from d'N. to of N. because N. is not French, and therefore the use of d' is not appropriate. WVS [17] [LoAR 15 May 80], p. 2. [Reversed on appeal.] |