See also:
| Laurel: | Date: (year.month.date) | Precedent: |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.05 | The submitter requested authenticity for 13th C Italy. Because da is the usual Italian preposition used in a locative byname, the commentors questioned whether the preposition de was correct. However, as Kraken notes, "In the 13th century (the desired time frame), the transition from medieval Latin to Italian was in its early stages, and the Latin preposition de would still be in use..." [Lorita de Siena, 05/04, A-East] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.05 | Submitted as Sabatina Da Valle, we have changed the name to Sabatina da Valle. In period Italian names, locative prepositions are written in lowercase.
The submitter requested authenticity for 12th-13th C Italian language/culture and accepted only minor changes. The College questioned whether the preposition da, meaning "from," was appropriate with a generic toponymic byname, especially since the dated examples found by the College all showed the expected preposition+article, della or dalla, meaning "from the". A popular website on the history of San Marino, a state on the Adriatic coast of Italy (http://www.libertas.sm/), lists a Cecco di Giovanni da Valle as one of the Captains Regent of San Marino in 1442. While the name spellings on this website appear to be modern, there seems to be no reason to doubt the basic formation of this byname. [Sabatina da Valle, 05/04, A-East] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.05 | This name combines English and German elements, which is one step from period practice. Some commenters wondered whether Rheinfels was a period spelling for this name, but no one found a period citation for this undoubtedly period castle. Therefore, we are giving the submitter the benefit of the doubt for the spelling of the byname. [Godfrey von Rheinfels, 05/04, A-Atenveldt] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.05 | Because Utrecht is a place name and not a generic toponym, the correct form of the byname is van Utrecht. Unfortunately, we are unable to drop the problematic element from this name. In the past, precedent has held that adding or removing a particle is only a minor change. However, according to the College of Arms Glossary published December 2003 "Major changes include dropping an element or phrase..." While der is not a complete phrase, it is a distinct element of the locative name phrase here. Therefore, dropping it would be a major change. We note that Pier van Utrecht is a lovely 15th C Dutch name. [Pier van der Utrecht, 05/04, R-Meridies] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.04 | The name was originally returned at kingdom for lack of documentation that Friedrichsthal is a period place name. The submitter appealed the return on the grounds that she believed it to be a town name in Alsace-Lorraine or that it could be a constructed place name based on elements found in Bahlow (Friedrich on p147 and Stahl found on p 536.)
There is a place named Friedrichstal in Baden-Würtemberg, which was founded by Margrave Friedrich of Baden in 1699, and another named Friedrichsthal in Saarland, which was apparently incorporated in the 1960s. The College was unable to find any other place in Germany called Friedrichst(h)al. Furthermore, the deuterotheme of Friedrichsthal is -ta(h)l, 'valley', not sta(h)l, which is a given name. However, the College was able to find some evidence of period German place names using the pattern given- or housename-+-tahl. Brechmacher, Etymologische Deutsche Familiennamenbuch, lists these names:
Given this evidence, we are giving the benefit of the doubt and registering this name. [Gabrielle von Friedrichsthal, 04/04, A-Calontir] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.04 | This name is returned for a number of reasons. First, the documentation for the place name Risna is insufficient to determine whether this is a reasonable transcription of a period place name. The name is found in an index to an English translation of a Victorian-era history of Russia; the date is attached to a different spelling, Riasno, to which Risna is cross referenced. The index gives no indication whether the spellings are period forms, if they are normalized, or if the modern names are used. Without this information, we cannot register this spelling. If the submitter wishes to research this name further, finding the work in which this name is found, Vol. 4 Russia Under the Tatar Yoke, 1228-1389, Helen Y. Prochazka, London, England, and seeing what it says about it and about how the names are handled would be useful. In future uses of this source as documentation, submitters should include enough information from the introduction to explain how names are treated. For further research, the submitter may consider searching for Ryasna in Belarus, which is probably the preferred modern name for this place.
The second problem is that the name mixes an English given name with a Lithuanian byname. As no documentation was submitted showing contact between these two cultures, and none found by the College, such combinations cannot be registered. The submitter may want to consider using a German form of Katherne, since there was contact between Germany and Lithuania in period. Some forms are Katherin 1337, Katherine 1366, and Kethe 1365. Finally, the name combines a German preposition with a Lithuanian name in the same name phrase. The Rule for Submission III.1.a says "Each phrase must be grammatically correct according to the usage of a single language." Barring documentation that Risna is a German form of this place name, these two words cannot be combined in a name phrase. A better alternative would be to use an appropriate Lithuanian form for the locative byname. However, since we do not know the appropriate form for the place name, we are unable to suggest its byname form. [Katherne von Risna, 04/04, R-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.03 | Submitted as Aveline de Longueville, the submitter requested authenticity for 12th to 13th C Anglo-Norman and allowed minor changes.
Regarding the submitted byname, the LoI stated only:
This statement is not documentation for the submitted byname as it does not provide supporting evidence that Longueville is a location in Normandy, even modernly. Several members of the College researched this byname in order to aid the submitter. They found that Reaney & Wilson (s.n. Longueville) date Henry de Longauilla to 1185, Henry de Longavill' to 1229, and Thomas de Longevill to 1336. Based on these examples, de Longavilla is a likely form for her desired time period. No evidence was found for a Longue- form before 1509 (Reaney & Wilson, s.n. Longueville). We have changed the byname to the form de Longavilla in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Aveline de Longavilla, 03/2004, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.03 | Submitted as Emmeline de Flandre, the submitter requested authenticity for French (preferably 13th to 14th C) and allowed any changes.
The submitted byname de Flandre 'of Flanders' was documented as a modern form. The College found that de Flandres would be the grammatically correct form in period. However, the information found by the College was of descriptions, rather than bynames. For example, Aryanhwy merch Catmael found that:
Based on this information, de Flandres is registerable, though it has not been shown to be an authentic byname for the submitter's desired time period and culture. The College found that bynames referring to large regions (including countries) were much more common as adjectival forms such as l'Alemant 'the German' (Géraud, p. 142, col. 2) rather than as of [placename] forms such as d'Alemaingne 'of Germany' (Géraud, p. 162, col. 1). Géraud (p. 23, column 2) includes an example of a feminine form of a byname meaning 'the Fleming' (indicating Flanders) in the listing for Marguerite la Flamenge in the contents of the 1292 census of Paris. Based on this example, we have changed the submitted byname to the form la Flamenge to make this name authentic for the submitter's requested time and culture. [Emmeline la Flamenge, 03/2004, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.03 | No documentation was provided at all, either in the submission or in the LoI, for the element of Mordav. Black Pillar found that Ekwall (p. 330 s.n. Morda) dates the form Mordaf to 1295. As the submitter indicated that sound was most important to her, we have changed the submitted byname to use this form in order to register this name. [Alexandra Axstell of Mordaf, 03/2004, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.03 | Submitted as Elias Treviranus, the submitter requested authenticity for German and allowed any changes. The LoI noted that he "cares most about the meaning ('A person from Trier') and the language/culture ('German')".
The documentation provided for Treviranus on the LoI was:
It is important to note that this entry does not show use of Treviranus in period. The focus of Bahlow is to present information about German surnames over time. As a result, not all information in it is appropriate for our period. Clarion provided information about German locatives referring to Trier:
As no evidence was found of Treviranus used as a personal byname in period, we have changed this byname to the documented form Trier in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Elias Trier, 03/2004, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.03 | Submitted as Otric von Mecklenburg, no documentation was presented and none was found that Mecklenburg is a plausible period spelling of this placename. Siren found that "Breckenmacher (s.n. Mecklenberg(er)) dates <Franko Mekelenborgh> to 1387." We have changed the submitted byname to use the spelling of the location found by Siren in order to register this name. [Otric von Mekelenborgh, 03/2004, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.03 | Dalriada was submitted as an English name for a Gaelic kingdom that existed from the 5th C to the mid-9th C. Primarily, Dal Riada was the name of the tribe who inhabited this area. The name used to refer to this kingdom derives from the name of this tribe.
The fundamental problem with this name is that no evidence has been found that any of the Dal tribe names (Dal Riada, Dal Cais, Dal nAriade, et cetera) were used in personal names except as part of a ruler's title. For example, Donnchadh Ó Corráin & Mavis Cournane, ed., "The Annals of Ulster" (http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/G100001/), entry U778.7, lists "Aedh Finn m. Echdach rex Dal Riati". The phrase "rex Dal Riati" indicates that Aedh was king of the Dal Riada. Lacking evidence that the name of anyone other than rulers would include a Dal tribe name, a byname such as the submitted of Dalriada, even in a Lingua Anglica form, is a claim to be a ruler of this tribe and so violates RfS VI.1 "Names Claiming Rank" which states that "Names containing titles, territorial claims, or allusions to rank are considered presumptuous". [Robin of Dalriada, 03/2004, R-Drachenwald] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.02 | Submitted as Bryan Gard of Yale, Yale was documented as an undated English placename. However, the College was unable to find evidence of a place that was known by the name Yale prior to 1600. Lacking such evidence, the byname of Yale is not registerable.
Reaney & Wilson (p. 507 s.n. Yale) dates Madog Yale to 1391. Therefore, we have dropped of in order to register this name using the form shown by Reaney & Wilson. [Bryan Gard Yale, 02/2004, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.02 | Submitted as Tristan Wrexham, the submitted spelling of the placename was undated. The submitter provided a variety of dated forms, but none justified the modern spelling Wrexham as a plausible period form. Therefore, we have changed the placename to the dated form that most closely matches the submitted spelling. [Tristan Wreccesham, 02/2004, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.01 | Submitted as Wulfwyn atte Maeldun, the documentation showed the placename as Mældun, not Maeldun. We have made this correction.
This name combined the Middle English atte with the Old English placename Mældun and, so, violated RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency within a name phrase. We have changed atte to the Old English æt in order to make the byname fully Old English and register this name. [Wulfwyn æt Mældun, 01/2004, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.01 | Listed on the LoI as Sylvia le Vey, this name was submitted as Sylvia du Vey. The byname was changed at kingdom to match the documented placename Le Vey, as they could not find documentation for the byname du Vey. However, the locative byname derived from the place Le Vey would be du Vey. We have therefore returned this to the submitted form. [Sylvia du Vey, 01/2004, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.01 | Submitted as Viennet de Mer, the submitted byname, 'of sea', is not grammatically correct. We have changed this byname to de la Mer 'of the sea', which is dated to 1423 in Aryanhwy merch Catmael's article "French Names From Paris, 1423 & 1438" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/paris1423.html), in order to register this name. [Viennet de la Mer, 01/2004, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.01 | Listed on the LoI as Otto van Aaken, this name was submitted as Otto von Aachen and changed at Kingdom to better match available documentation. The submitter requested authenticity for 1350 - 1400 German (Rhineland area).
Bahlow (p. 1 s.n. Aaken) dates Heinrich Aken to 1484 and notes that "around 1300, de Aken meant the city of Aachen as a place of origin". Orle notes that
Based on the citations in Bahlow and the information provided by Orle, we have changed this byname to the form von Aken to match documented period spellings and to make this name authentic for the submitter's requested time and culture. [Otto von Aken, 01/2004, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.01 | Submitted as Wojeick z Krakow, the submitter allowed any changes. Nebuly provided commentary regarding aspects of this name:
As no documentation was presented and none was found to support Wojeick as a plausible form in period, it is not registerable. We have changed this name to the form suggested by Nebuly in order to correct the spelling and grammar issues in order to register this name. [Wojciek z Krakowa, 01/2004, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.01 | Submitted as Maire of Glencoe, the spelling of the placename was a modern form, not found before 1600. Documented forms (from Johnstone s.n. Glencoe) include Glenchomore 1343, Glencole 1494, Glencowyn 1500, and Glencoyne 1500. We have changed the byname to a documented period form in order to register this name. [Maire of Glencole, 01/2004, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.12 | Submitted as Colyn MacRuairidh of Rathlin Island, no evidence was found that the island of Rathlin was known as Rathlin Island in period. Additionally, no evidence was provided and none was found that a locative byname referring to an island named X Island would take the form of X Island rather than the simpler of X in period. Lacking such evidence, we have dropped the element Island in order to register this name. [Colyn MacRuairidh of Rathlin, 12/2003, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.12 | Listed on the LoI as Giovanni da Lucca, this name was submitted as Giovanni Di Lucca. The submitter requested authenticity for Italian and allowed minor changes. Both di Lucca and da Lucca are bynames in Italian that can be found in "Italian Men's Names in Rome, 1473-1484" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/mari/Studium/). The byname di Lucca is a patronymic byname formed from the masculine given name Luca, which is also occasionally found as Lucca. The byname da Lucca is a locative byname referring to a town west of Florence which is found in records as Luca or Lucca. As the submitted documentation specifically referred to a town rather than a masculine given name, we have registered this name in the locative byname form. [Giovanni da Lucca, 12/2003, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.12 | Submitted as Amalie von den Blumen, the submitter requested authenticity for German and allowed minor changes. No evidence was found that von den would be used with Blumen in a byname in period. Instead, the College found that Brechenmacher (p. 165 s.n. Blum) indicates that this surname derived from a house name and dates Haus zem Bluomen to 1393. Bahlow (p. 51 s.n. Blum) dates Nic. zem Blumen 1289 (zem is a contraction of zu dem 'at the'). Lacking evidence that von den Blumen is plausible in period and grammatically correct, we have changed her byname to zu dem Blumen in order to register this name and to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Amalie zu dem Blumen, 12/2003, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.11 | The byname was changed at kingdom to match the documented placename Le Vey, as they could not find documentation for the byname du Vey. However, the locative byname derived from the place Le Vey would be du Vey. We have therefore returned this to the submitted form. [Annet du Vey, 11/2003, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.11 | Submitted as Isabella Feliciano del Rio, the submitter requested authenticity for 14th C Italy and allowed any changes. The College was unable to date Feliciano to the 14th C. However, they were able to date this byname to 1633 in Italy (and to the late 16th C in Spain), which is sufficient for registration.
The byname del Rio 'of the river' is Spanish, not Italian. The Italian form is del Fiume. The College was unable to document this as a period byname. However, the placename Fiume 'river' is found in Mercator's 1554 map of Italy (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/maridonna/mercator/), making the locative byname da Fiume plausible as a 16th C byname. We do not know if the Fiume shown in Mercator's map existed in the 14th C, but we have changed to this form to partially meet her request for authenticity. [Isabella Feliciano da Fiume, 11/2003, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.11 | Submitted as Gerardus Christopherus du Bourgogne, the submitter requested that his name be made authentic for Norman French and allowed any changes. The locative element uses du 'of the' with a place name; it should be de 'of/from.' We have made this change. As the given name and patronymic are Latinized, we have also changed the locative element to the Latinized form in order to meet the request for authenticity. Latinized forms are typical documentary forms. A 14th century French form from Haute Picardie would be Gerard Christofle de Bourgoingne (all elements from Morlet �tude d'Anthroponymie Picarde); an early Anglo-Norman form would be Gerard Christofer Burgoin.
Questions were raised in commentary as to whether there was evidence of unmarked patronymics in Latinized forms. While patronymics are more frequently found in the genitive form, making Gerardus Christopheri, Reaney and Wilson give many examples of unmarked Latinized patronymics in Anglo-Norman names (for example: Alfredus Folkeredus dated to 1204 s.n. Alfred). [Gerardus Christopherus de Burgondia, 11/2003, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.11 | Submitted as William Scott of Blackwater Fen, the submitter requested that his name be made authentic for 15th C England. The College could find no evidence of locative bynames formed from multi-word placenames. A person from Blackwater Fen would have simply been known as of Blackwater. Therefore, we have made this change in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [William Scott of Blackwater, 11/2003, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.11 | Submitted as Gunnora Lovitt of Bucknell, no evidence was presented nor could any be found that the submitted spelling Bucknell was found for this placename in period. The closest form that the College could find was the spelling Buchnell found in Speed's The Counties of Britain (map of Shropshire) in 1610. We have changed this name to this documented form in order to register this name. [Gunnora Lovitt of Buchnell, 11/2003, A-Northshield] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.11 | No evidence was presented, nor could any be found, that Bearcroft is a plausible period spelling of the place documented as Bercroft in 1274 (Reaney and Wilson s.n. Barcroft). Siren said:
As the submitter allows no changes, we cannot change the byname to one of the forms suggested by Siren in order to register this name. [Gareth Bearcroft, 11/2003, R-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.11 | Submitted as Cynewise æt Scadenwuda, the byname was not quite correctly formed. Metron Ariston provided information regarding correctly formed Old English bynames combining these elements:
Pennon provided followup commentary that the submitter's intended meaning was indeed 'shady wood'. Therefore, we have changed the byname to the form æt Sceaduwuda provided by Metron Ariston in order to register this name. [Cynewise æt Sceaduwuda, 11/2003, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.11 | There was some discussion regarding whether the byname Irlandsfari needed to be put into lowercase. The discussion "From Pelican: Regarding Capitalization in Norse Bynames" in the Cover Letter to the October 2002 LoAR states in part:
In this case, the byname Irlandsfari refers to Ireland and falls into second category above, "descriptive bynames based on proper nouns". Therefore, this byname does not need to be put into lowercase. [Skarphe�inn Irlandsfari, 11/2003, A-Drachenwald] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.11 | Submitted as Gunnarr of Iorvik, the submitted byname of Iorvik combined the English of and the Norse Iorvik and, so, violated RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency within a name phrase. The fully Old Norse form of this byname would be í Iórvík. Old Norse names are registerable with accents used or omitted consistently. We have changed this byname to the fully Old Norse form (with accents omitted) in order to register this name. [Gunnarr i Iorvik, 11/2003, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | Submitted as Arthur of Ballan Moor, the submitter allowed minor changes only. The placename Ballan Moor was justified as the modern name of a ruined castle in Wales. The College could find no documentation that the name was used in period.
However, it is possible to construct a possible placename using these elements. The period form of the surname appears to be Ballon; the College could not find evidence that the spelling Ballan was used before 1600. Based on similar placenames, the byname needs to take a possessive form, and the most likely spelling for the second element is -more, giving the spelling Ballonesmore. We have changed the location Ballan Moor to the plausible period spelling Ballonesmore in order to register this name. [Arthur of Ballonesmore, 10/2003, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | Additionally, Ertheneburg was documented as the name of a town. As a result, von der Ertheneburg 'of the Ertheneburg' is not grammatically correct. The correct form would be von Ertheneburg 'of Ertheneburg'. [Leofric von der Ertheneburg, 10/2003, R-Drachenwald] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | Submitted as Maria Taresa de Ospital, the article de 'of' is not grammatically correct in the phrase de Ospital. Siren explains:
Given this information, we have dropped the article de to correct the grammar in this byname, and to make it follow period examples, in order to register this name. [Maria Taresa Ospital, 10/2003, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | Submitted as Bridget of Saint Katherine's, [...]
Branch names are only automatically registerable in locative bynames in the form in which the branch name was registered. In this case, the branch name was registered as College of St. Katherine in November of 1981. We have changed her byname to use the registered form of this branch name in order to register this name. [Bridget of St. Katherine, 10/2003, A-Æthelmearc] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | Submitted as Robert de Bury atte Okeforde, the submitter allowed any changes. As submitted, this name contained two locative bynames that both contained prepositions (de and atte). Lacking evidence that such constructions were used in period, they have previously been ruled to be reason for return:
Based on this construction pattern, we have changed this name to the form Robert Bury atte Okeforde in order to register this name. Aryanhwy merch Catmael found examples of two marked locative bynames used in Latin records:
The examples found by Aryanhwy are unusual and involve names that are recorded in completely Latin forms. Based on the Latin forms found in Reaney & Wilson (s.nn. Ashford, Oakley), Okeford is a plausible Latin form. Therefore, Robertus de Bury de Okeford would be a fully Latin form of this name that would follow the period construction pattern found by Aryanhwy and, so, would be registerable. [Robert Bury atte Okeforde, 10/2003, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | Listed on the LoI as Charles of Amesbury, this name was submitted as Friar Charles de Amesbury, Wiltshire. The name was changed at Kingdom to match available documentation. [...]
A man whose byname indicated he was from Amesbury in Wilshire would have been called simply de Amesbury or of Amesbury. As the submitter allows any changes, we have changed this byname to de Amesbury to use a construction documented to period while retaining the submitter's indicated meaning for his byname. [Charles de Amesbury, 10/2003, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | Submitted as Alise Whenby, the byname Whenby is a locative byname formed from a place of that name. However, all of the examples found by the CoA of this placename dated to period, were spelled Qu-. Lacking evidence that Whenby is a plausible period variant, it is not registerable. Ekwall (p. 488 s.n. Whenby) dates the form Queneby to 1235. We have changed the byname to use this form in order to register this name. [Alise Queneby, 10/2003, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | There was some discussion regarding the proper construction of the locative byname af Jorvik, meaning 'of York'. Lindorm Eriksson's article "The Bynames of the Viking Age Runic Inscriptions" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/lindorm/runicbynames/places.htm) lists a number of personal names that include locative bynames. The majority of these use í 'in, within' as the particle. Gunnvör silfrahárr found that "Fljótsd�la saga (Netútgáfan website. http://www.snerpa.is/net/isl/fljotsd.htm) ch. 7 has <�orvaldur í Jórvík>", showing í Jórvík as a locative byname.
We have changed the locative byname to í Jórvík to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Bjarni Eðvarðarson í Jórvík, 10/2003, A-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | No documentation at all was provided for the byname De L'Isle on the LoI. Submission heralds are reminded that lack of documentation continues to be a reason for return.
Multiple members of the College researched this byname and we thank them for their efforts. No evidence was found that the submitted De L'Isle is a plausible period form. Reaney & Wilson (p. 281 s.n. Lisle) dates Robert del Ile to 1311. We have changed the byname to this form in order to make the byname authentic for the submitter's requested time period and to register this name. [Oriana del Ile, 10/2003, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | Submitted as Deirdre of Saint Brendan's, Deirdre is SCA compatible.
Branch names are only automatically registerable in locative bynames in the form in which the branch name was registered. In this case, the branch name was registered as College of Saint Brendan in August of 1988. We have changed her byname to use the registered form of this branch name in order to register this name. [Deirdre of Saint Brendan, 10/2003, A-Æthelmearc] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.09 | Listed on the LoI as William Hethfeld, this name was submitted as William Heatherfield. The byname was changed at Kingdom because no support was found for Heatherfield as a placename, while Ekwall (s.n. Heathfield) dates the form Hethfeld to 1275 and gives the meaning of this placename as "Open land overgrown with heather". The submitter requested authenticity for 15th C English and allowed minor changes.
Metron Ariston found a reference to a place named Heatherfield in Sussex:
Speed's The Counties of Britain (p. 175, map of Sussex, map dated 1610) shows the name of this place as Heathfeild. Bardsley (p. 371 s.n. Heathfield) dates Thomas Hethfeld to 1 Edw. III (1327-1328). Therefore, we have examples of this placename dated before and after the submitter's desired time period. We can interpolate a 15th C form by comparing the elements to other dated names. Mills (p. 165 s.n. Heathrow) dates La Hetherewe to c. 1410. Reaney & Wilson (p. 167 s.n. Field) dates Baldwin Felde to 1428. Based on these names, a 15th C form of this name would be Hethefelde. We have changed the byname to this form in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [William Hethefelde, 09/2003, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.09 | The submitted byname de Castile is an English form rather than a Spanish form:
Siren provided information regarding forms of de Castile as a Spanish byname in the submitter's desired time period:
Since forms of the byname de Castilla did not imply descent from the kings of Castile in late period, this byname is not presumptuous as a late period byname. Given the limited use of forms of the byname de Castilla in the submitter's desired time period of the 13th C, a woman named Xemena Xemenez who was from Castile would have most likely simply been called Xemena Xemenez. As the submitter allows all changes, we have changed her name to this form in order to meet her request for authenticity. [Xemena Xemenez, 09/2003, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.09 | This name was submitted as Ainnir of Hidden Mountain. The byname was changed at Kingdom because this branch name was registered as Barony of the Hidden Mountain in October of 1985. There was some question whether the originally submitted form of this byname is registerable. Names of SCA branches are only automatically registerable in locative bynames in the forms in which the branch name was registered, as can be seen in the ruling:
As the branch name was registered as Barony of the Hidden Mountain, the locative byname that is automatically registerable based on this branch name is of the Hidden Mountain, not of Hidden Mountain. [Ainnir of the Hidden Mountain, 09/2003, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.09 | Submitted as Ingeborg í Trondheim, the submitter requested authenticity for 11th to 13th C "Viking-Old Norse-Norway/Sweden" and allowed any changes. Metron Ariston found information about the names used to refer to this location over time:
Lindorm Eriksson's article "The Bynames of the Viking Age Runic Inscriptions" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/lindorm/runicbynames/places.htm) lists a number of personal names that include locative bynames. The majority of these use í 'in, within' as the particle. In locative bynames that use í, the placename takes the dative case. The form Þrándheimr found by Metron Ariston is a nominative case. Gunnvör silfrahárr found an example of the dative case in Hálfdanar saga Eysteinssonar (Net�tgáfan Web site, http://www.snerpa.is/net/forn/half-e.htm), where chapter 25 "is titled, '25. Hálfdan tók ríki í Þrándheimi'". Based on this information, we have changed the byname in this submission to í Þrándheimi in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Ingeborg í Þrándheimi, 09/2003, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.09 | Listed on the LoI as Caitilín eyverska, this name was submitted as Caitlín Eyverska. The given name and byname were changed at Kingdom to match documented forms and because Caitlín was found to be a modern, rather than a medieval, form of this name.
The section "From Pelican: Regarding Capitalization in Norse Bynames" included in the Cover Letter for the October 2002 LoAR provides two cases where descriptive bynames may be registered in capitalized forms:
The byname eyverska 'woman from the Orkney Islands' is a descriptive byname based on proper noun. As such, it may be registered with the initial letter capitalized. Therefore, we have returned the byname to the submitted form. [Caitilín Eyverska, 09/2003, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.09 | Submitted as Michael Ludovicus Dub von Affoltern, Dub was documented as a locative byname. Therefore, this name had two locative bynames, Dub and von Affoltern. Lacking evidence that such a combination is plausible in German, we have dropped the second locative byname in order to register this name. [Michael Ludovicus Dub, 09/2003, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.09 | Submitted as Waldemar Stanislav of White Mountain, the submitter requested authenticity for Czech and allowed minor changes. [...]
The only documentation providied in the LoI for the byname of White Mountain was the statement: "Place name. English form of Czech name of famous battle." This is insufficient documentation. This statement does not provide evidence of a placename dated to period, in either Czech or English. Were documentation provided for a Czech placename that meant 'white mountain', it would not support a byname of White Mountain. As recently explained:
As noted by Nebuly, the byname of White Mountain is registerable because of the registered SCA branch name White Mountain. Therefore, this byname refers to the branch in question, not a period Czech placename. [...] [Waldemar Stanislaw of White Mountain, 09/2003, A-Trimaris] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.09 | There was some question regarding whether de Rath is a period byname in Ireland. Annales Hiberniae (Grace's Annals) (http://celt.ucc.ie/published/L100001/index.html) lists Johannes White de Rath on p. 90. As this document is in Latin, it provides support for de Rath in Latin, though not in Gaelic or Anglicized Irish. [Quhinten de Rath, 09/2003, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.09 | Submitted as Tomás of Inis Mór, the submitter requested authenticity for 13th to 15th C Irish and allowed any changes.
The submitted byname of Inis Mór combined the English of with the Gaelic placename Inis Mór and, so, violated RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name phrase. Additionally, the placename Inis Mór was not grammatically correct. The word Inis 'island' is a feminine noun, Inis being the nominative singular case of this word. When the adjective Mór follows Inis, it lenites - taking the form Mhór. Therefore, the correct form of this placename is Inis Mhór. Locative bynames are rare in Gaelic. When they are found, those that refer to the proper name of a specific location use an unmarked genitive construction. "Annals of the Four Masters", vol. 4, (http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/G100005D/), entry M1415.1, lists "Emann Mag Findbairr prióir Insi Móire Locha Gamhna". In this entry, "prióir Insi Móire", meaning 'prior of Inis Mhór', shows an example of this placename in the genitive case. Effric Neyn Ken3ocht Mcherrald explained that an adjective (such as Mór) must match the noun it modifies in gender, case, and number and that the feminine genitive singular of Mór is Móire. Additionally, an adjective should not be lenited when it follows a genitive singular feminine word (such as Insi). As a result, a genitive form of Inis Mhór is Insi Móire. Therefore, the grammatically correct form of the submitted name would be Tomás Insi Móire in the submitter's desired time period and would mean 'Tomás [of] Inis Mhór'. We have changed the byname to this form in order to register this name. As the submitter has requested authenticity, he may be interested in knowing that a man's name in his desired time period would typically include a patronymic byname. For example, a man named Tomás who was from Inis Mhór and whose father was named Cormac (as an example), would have the full name of Tomás Insi Móire mac Cormaic. [Tomás Insi Móire, 09/2003, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.09 | This name is being returned for lack of evidence that the placename Beausoleil was used in period.
The byname du Beausoleil was documented from Morlet's Dictionnaire �tymologique des Noms de Famille, a source that rarely gives dates. Dauzat and Rostaing, Dictionnaire �tymologique des noms de lieux en France (s.n. Beausoleil), state that Beausoleil is a recent name. Barring evidence that the placename Beausoleil was used in period, this byname is not registerable. In addition, no evidence was presented for the use of du (derived from de le 'of the') rather than de 'of' with this byname. In any resubmission of this name that includes the byname du Beausoleil, the appropriateness of du, rather than de, should be addressed. [Anne du Beausoleil, 09/2003 LoAR, R-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.09 | The byname, originally submitted as de Nova Castria, was intended to be a Latin byname meaning 'of Newcastle'. The submitter may wish to know that Metron Ariston provided information regarding this Latin byname:
Based on this information, Griffin de Novo Castro and Griffin de Nov{o-} Castr{o-} would be gramatically correct forms of the submitted name. [Griffin de Novum Castrum, 09/2003 LoAR, R-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.09 | The only documentation provided for the element Thalia in the LoI was the statement: "Thalia: Found in Classical Dictionary by Lemprière, pg. 668 and dated from the classical period to present." Lemprière is not among the sources listed in the Administrative Handbook in Appendix H, "Books That Do Not Require Photocopies to Laurel". As no photocopies from this source were included in this submission, the element Thalia is insufficiently documented, causing this name to be returned.
Additionally, the College only found evidence of Thalia as the name of one of the muses of Greek mythology. As such, it is not registerable as part of a locative byname such as of Thalia. [Hannah of Thalia, 09/2003 LoAR, R-Trimaris] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.08 | Submitted as Balthazar van Bruges, it appeared on the forms as Balthazar van der Bruges. The byname appears to combine elements of two distinct locative bynames used in Flanders: the Dutch van der Brugghe 'of/from the bridge' and the French de Bruges 'of/from Bruges.' The completely Dutch form of the latter would be van Brugge.
During the commentary period, Cresent was in contact with the submitter regarding the options that commenters had found regarding this byname. Crescent noted in her commentary that the submitter preferred the form van der Brugge, with van Brugge as a secondary choice. As van der Brugghe is only one character from the submitter's preferred form, we have changed the byname to this form in order to register this name. [Balthazar van der Brugghe, 08/2003 LoAR, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.08 | Listed on the LoI as 'A'isha bint Rashid al Andalusi, this name appeared on the forms as A'ishah bint Rashid al Andalusi. She requested an authentic name for the Middle East.
There are a variety of different ways to transliterate Arabic into English. We register any of them, only requiring that a single transliteration system be used for the entire name. al-Jamal observed:
We have therefore returned the name to its submitted form. As submitted, the byname al Andalusi says that Rashid is from al-Andalus, not A'ishah. If she is the one from al-Andalus, the correct form is al-Andalusiyyah. We have not made this change, as either meaning is acceptable. However, we have added a hyphen between the article and the byname, as it is generally used in transcriptions of Arabic. [A'ishah bint Rashid al-Andalusi, 08/2003 LoAR, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.08 | Submitted as Dragos Severin, Severin was documented as the name of a Romanian town. Commentary provided for a submission earlier this year showed that locative bynames in Romanian in period typically used de la before the name of the town:
Using the information provided by Nebuly, we have changed this byname to de la Severin in order to register this name. [Dragos de la Severin, 08/2003 LoAR, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.08 | Submitted as David of the woods, no documentation was presented nor could any be found supporting the use of the word woods in a byname, as opposed to the singular wood. In addition, all dated forms of this byname had the Wood element capitalized. We have therefore changed the byname to a form dated to 1285 in Reaney and Wilson (s.n. Wood). [David of the Wode, 08/2003 LoAR, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.08 | The byname of Sandy Stream was documented as a constructed byname. However, no evidence was provided that stream was used as an element in placenames.
Sandy is a placename, dated as Sandeie to 1086 in Mills (s.n. Sandy). There is a pattern of English placenames created by appending surnames to existing placenames. Examples of this include Chilton Foliot 1221 (Mills, p. 78 s.n. Chilton), Northone Brun c. 1266 (Mills, p. 244 s.n. Norton), and Saunford Peverel 1275 (Mills, p. 284 s.n. Sampford). As Stream is a surname, dated to 1279 in the form ate Streme (Reaney & Wilson, s.n. Stream), a location Sandy located on or near an estate owned by the Stream family could come to be known as Sandy Stream. [Leah of Sandy Stream, 08/2003 LoAR, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.08 | Submitted as Rosa Maria di Cosenza, the particle used with in locative bynames in Italian is da, not di. We have made this change. [Rosa Maria da Cosenza, 08/2003 LoAR, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.08 | Submitted as Dinara Torzhok, the submitter requested authenticity for Russian and allowed minor changes.
Torzhok was documented as a period location in Russia. However, unmodified placenames were not used as bynames in Russian. Instead, the name of the place was modified in one of several ways. A recent ruling discussed this issue with Novgorod as the placename in question:
In this case, Nebuly provided the appropriate locative bynames formed from the placename Torzhok; the noun form being Torzhoketsa, the patronymic form being Torzhokova (as noted on the LoI), and the adjectival form being Torzhokskaia. As in the example cited above, we have changed this byname to the adjectival form in order to register this name. [Dinara Torzhokskaia, 08/2003 LoAR, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.07 | Listed on the LoI as Carlo Ettore di Trario, this name was submitted as Carlo Ettore da Trario and the article da changed to di at Kingdom. The submitter requested authenticity for 14th to 16th C Italian and allowed any changes.
The LoI stated that "Trario is an Italian placename from the submitter's ancestry." However, no documentation was provided and none was found that Trario is a placename. Crescent and Metron Ariston found examples of the surname Trario dating to 1616 at the URL http://www.castelbolognese.org/zitellebianche.htm. Metron Ariston wrote:
This Web page lists Cesare Trario, Ettore Trario, and Alessandro Trario in these references for 1616. Lacking evidence that Trario is a byname that would be used with an article, we have dropped the article in order to register this name. [Carlo Ettore Trario, 07/2003 LoAR, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.07 | Submitted as Diego Ramos de la Sangre Lobo, the submitter requested authenticity for Spanish. No evidence was presented and none was found that de la Sangre Lobo 'of the blood wolf' is plausible as a byname in period. Elsbeth Anne Roth's article "16th Century Spanish Names" (http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/~kvs/heraldry/spanish16/) lists María del Aguila 'María of the Eagle' dated to 1560. Based on this example, we have changed the submitted byname to del Lobo 'of the Wolf' in order to register this name. [Diego Ramos del Lobo, 07/2003 LoAR, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.07 | Submitted as Bjorn Krom von Hakenberg, Hakenberg was documented as a Danish rendering of a German placename found in Knudsen, Kirstensen, and Hornby, Danmarks Gamle Personnavne (column 400, s.n. Hakenberg), which dates Hans Haghenberch to 1429, Bernd Hakenbergh to 1464, Bernd Hakenbergs to 1468 (the source notes the byname is in genitive case in this example), Bernt Hackenberg to 1470, and Bernd Hakenberg to 1481. This submission noted von as an attempt at a Danish word for 'of/from' and requested help in correcting this element. The particle von is German while Hakenberg is documented as Danish. As a result, the byname von Hakenberg violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name phrase, and so is not registerable. As all of the Danish examples of bynames referring to Hakenberg do not use a particle, we have registered this byname without a particle in order to follow the standard Danish usage for this name. [Bjorn Krom Hakenberg, 07/2003 LoAR, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.07 | Submitted as Franco Kind von dem Wald, the phrase Kind von dem Wald was submitted with the intended meaning of 'child of the wood(s)'.
Orle found support for a registerable form of this name, though not with the submitter's desired meaning:
We have changed the byname to the form suggested by Orle in order to register this name. In this form, the meaning of the bynames Kind and zu dem Walde do not combine. Rather than 'child of the wood(s)', these bynames simply mean that Franco is childlike (or that his inherited byname is Kind 'child') and that he comes from a wooded area. [Franco Kind zu dem Walde, 07/2003 LoAR, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.07 | Submitted as Amelie von Prague, the submitter requested authenticity for the 9th to 13th C and allowed any changes. She did not specify a desired culture, but her form lists Amelie as German.
Prague is the English name for this city. The German form is Prag (per Brechenmacher, p. 197 s.n. Prager). Therefore, the submitted byname von Prague combines German and English in a single name phrase and so violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency within a name phrase. The completely German form of this byname would be von Prag. The completely English form of this byname would be of Prague. Bahlow (p. 421 s.n. Prager) also dates Karel der Prager to 1272 and Herman Prager to 1362, showing forms of Prager 'person from Prague' in and near the submitter's desired time period. We have changed this name to the fully German form Amalie von Prag to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Amalie von Prag, 07/2003 LoAR, A-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.07 | The particle vom is a contraction of von dem 'of the'. Since Adlersberg is a town name, the grammatically correct form of this byname is von Adlersberg 'of Adlersberg' rather than vom Adlersberg 'of the Adlersberg'. We have made this correction to the byname in order to register this name. [Carolin von Adlersberg, 07/2003 LoAR, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.07 | Submitted as Jurik of Novgorod, the submitter requested that the byname of Novgorod be translated into Russian.
Locative bynames can take different forms in Russian, including nouns, patronymics, and adjectives. Wickenden (3rd edition, pp. xxviii - xxvix) lists a thorough description of these constructions. A summary of the more common forms is provided below. Quoted text is from this section of Wickenden. Forms constructed according to these rules are in parenthesis.
As the adjectival form is the form most commonly associated with locative bynames in Russian, we have changed the submitted byname of Novgorod to the form Novgorodskii to meet the submitter's request to translated the byname into Russian. [Jurik Novgorodskii, 07/2003 LoAR, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.07 | The byname della Neve was documented as a surname from Fucilla (p. 224), which states "Neve, Della Neve, snow, could apply to a very light complexioned person". The problem with Fucilla is that there are few, if any, dates in this source. So, in most instances, it is not possible to tell simply from reading the entry in Fucilla if the name is period or not. In most cases, the same name may be found in other sources. In other cases, a pattern of similar names may be documented. The College was unable to find evidence of della Neve as a byname in any source other than Fucilla. The only use of della Neve in period that was found by the College was in the phrase Santa Maria della Neve 'Saint Mary of the Snow', which was used as an appellation of the Madonna. Lacking evidence that della Neve is plausible as a byname in period, it is not registerable. [Allegranza della Neve, 07/2003 LoAR, R-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.07 | The byname D'Navarre is not correctly constructed. The article de only elides (contracts to d') before words that begin with vowels. While there are a few examples of this practice in Spanish in period, the normal practice is for de to remain unchanged in locative bynames. Additionally, Navarre is an English form of this placename. The Spanish form of this placename may be seen in the locative byname de Navarra which is listed in Juliana de Luna's article "Spanish Names from the Late 15th Century" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/juliana/isabella/locative.html). [Acacia D'Navarre, 07/2003 LoAR, R-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.07 | The byname of 'Akka violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name phrase. The byname of 'Akka combines the English of with the Arabic 'Akka in a case where the common English form of this placename, Acre, is different from the form of this placename in the original language. RfS III.1.a says in part:
Recent precedent discusses this issue:
In the case of this submission, 'Akka is an Arabic form of this placename. In English, it is rendered Acre. This name would be registerable as Katherine of Acre. As the submitter allows no changes, we were unable to make this change in order to register this name. [Katherine of 'Akka, 07/2003 LoAR, R-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.07 | Submitted as Robin of the Rosewood, Rosewood was documented as a placename rather than as a general toponymic. Therefore, of the Rosewood is no more plausible than of the London. This name is registerable as Robin of Rosewood or as Robin Rosewood. The submitter noted Robin Rosewood as a preferred alternate if Robin of the Rosewood was not registerable. Therefore, we have changed this name to Robin Rosewood in order to register this name. [Robin Rosewood, 07/2003 LoAR, A-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.07 | The submitter requested authenticity for pre-1492 Spain. Siren provided information regarding this byname:
In the 15th C, a woman could have inherited the byname Cordovero from her father. Less commonly, she could have had a literal byname such as Cordovera. As both the inherited Cordovero and the literal Cordovera are plausible for a woman's name in pre-1492 Spain, we have left this byname in the submitted form. [Elena Cordovera, 07/2003 LoAR, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.07 | Submitted as Nathaniel Mendoza de la Guadalajara, Guadalajara is the name of a location and a proper noun. Therefore the article la is out of place, since a person would not be de la Guadalajara in Spanish any more than they would be of the London in English. We have dropped the article la from the locative byname in order to register this name. [Nathaniel Mendoza de Guadalajara, 07/2003 LoAR, A-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.06 | Submitted as Nicola de Lipardi, the submitter requested authenticity for 15th to 16th C Italian. No documentation was presented and none was found for Lipardi as an Italian name, though documentation was presented for the similar name Lipari. As Lipari is a placename, we have changed this byname to da Lipari 'of Lipari' in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity and to register this name. [Nicola da Lipari, 06/2003 LoAR, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.06 | Listed on the LoI as Gwineth Llyn Lloyd, this name was submitted as Gwineth Llyn Brith. The LoI noted that the constructed placename was intended to mean 'Gray Pond'. Kingdom found that brith more usually means 'speckled', rather than 'gray', and so forwarded the name using llwyd 'gray' which appears more frequently in placenames.
Unfortunately, the hypothecized Llyn Lloyd combines Welsh and English in a single name phrase (in this case, the placename Llyn Lloyd) and, so, violates RfS III.1.a. Metron Ariston explains:
We have changed the locative byname to use the form of this placename suggested by Metron Ariston in order to place the entire byname in a single language and to make its construction follow period examples. [Gwineth Llynllwyd, 06/2003 LoAR, A-Ealdormere] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.06 | Listed on the LoI as R�oghnach inghean Chonchobhair na Áth Dara, this name was submitted as Rioghnach inghean Chonchobhair de Ath Dara. The byname was modified at Kingdom to put the locative byname (meaning 'of Adare') into a single language and to add accents to this name. Irish Gaelic names are registerable with either accents used consistently or omitted consistently. As the submitted form of this name used no accents, we have dropped all accents from this name.
In Irish Gaelic in period, locative bynames referring to a town do not use a particle such as na. Rather, they simply use the genitive form of the placename. The genitive form of Áth Dara is Átha Dara. As it appears in a woman's byname, it is also lenited: Átha Dhara. Therefore, the grammatically correct form of this name is Rioghnach inghean Chonchobhair Atha Dhara. We have changed the submitted name to this form in order to register this name. The submitter may wish to know that the order of bynames in an Irish Gaelic name can significantly change the meaning of the name. In the case of the name Rioghnach inghean Chonchobhair Atha Dhara, this name means that Rioghnach is the daughter of Conchobhar, who was from Adare. The form of this name that would indicate that Rioghnach is from Adare is Rioghnach Atha Dhara inghean Chonchobhair. [Rioghnach inghean Chonchobhair Atha Dhara, 06/2003 LoAR, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.05 | Submitted as Constance of White Birch, all of the period examples found of placenames that combine White with a type of tree show the placename as a single word. Therefore, we have changed the location in the submitted byname to Whitebirch to follow documented period patterns in order to register this name. [Constance of Whitebirch, 05/2003 LoAR, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.05 | Submitted as Adriana von Grimm, all period examples found of this byname have an e on the end of the byname. Metron Ariston explains:
We have changed this byname to von Grimme to match the documented examples. [Adriana von Grimme, 05/2003 LoAR, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | The elements in this name have a temporal disparity of more than 1000 years. Una is a Gaelic name dated to 1310 and later. Orcadiana is a locative byname referring to the Orkneys. The root of this byname is Orcades, dated to the mid-2nd C in section II.A.1 of Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn's article "A Consideration of Pictish Names" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/tangwystyl/pictnames). As these two elements are dated to more than a millennium apart, this name must be returned. [Una Orcadiana, 04/2003 LoAR, R-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | The element Castleguard was documented from the OED in 1576 as an occupational term. However, the byname of Castleguard would indicate that Castleguard were a placename, like London or York. As no evidence was presented nor could any be found that Castleguard is a reasonable placename, the byname of Castleguard is not registerable. An occupational byname using this term would be simply Castleguard.
As the submitter does not allow any changes, we cannot drop the problematic element of in order to register this name. [Edward of Castleguard, 04/2003 LoAR, R-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | Listed on the LoI as Julienne de la Rochelle, the form listed this name as Julienne De La Rochelle. The submitter requested authenticity for "1400 France". As the name of this location is La Rochelle, the expected form of this byname would be de La Rochelle. We have made this change. [Julienne de La Rochelle, 04/2003 LoAR, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | Salesberie Glen cannot be justified as Salesberie, a dithemic placename, with the element Glen, meaning 'valley', appended. Glen is found only in a few placenames, all of which combine Glen with a simple descriptive element. As an example, Mills (p. 144 s.n. Glen) dates Magna Glen to 1247 and Parva Glen to 1242.
However, there is a pattern of English placenames created by appending surnames to existing placenames. Examples of this include Chilton Foliot 1221 (Mills, p. 78 s.n. Chilton), Northone Brun c. 1266 (Mills, p. 244 s.n. Norton), and Saunford Peverel 1275 (Mills, p. 284 s.n. Sampford). As Glen is a surname, dated to 1230 (Reaney & Wilson, p. 193 s.n. Glen), a location Salesberie located on or near an estate owned by the Glen family could come to be known as Salesberie Glen. [Salesberie Glen, Canton of, 04/2003 LoAR, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | Submitted as Miriam Calvert of Gidiehall-on-Honiburn, the submitter requested authenticity for 16th C English and allowed minor changes. No examples of [placename]-on-[placename] were found in period. The example of Stretford upon Auen found in Speed's The Counties of Britain (p. 178, map of Warwickshire, map dated 1610) is formed [placename] upon [river name] rather than [placename] upon [placename]. Metron Ariston found support for a hypothetical placename of Gidiehall Honiburn:
Given this information, we have dropped -on- from this byname in order to register this name. Lacking evidence that this form is appropriate for the 16th C, we were unable to confirm that this name is appropriate for the submitter's desired time period. [Miriam Calvert of Gidiehall Honiburn, 04/2003 LoAR, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | Listed on the LoI as Gillian Holroyd, this name was submitted as Gillian Holroyd macLachlan. The element macLachlan was dropped at Kingdom. The LoI explained that Kingdom was "unable to reconcile the use of 'mac' with a woman's given name, and we were unable to find evidence for use of a geographic surname followed by a patronymic." The submitter requested authenticity for the 13th to 15th C and allowed any changes.
Examples of women's given names used with Mac- style bynames appear in Scots (a language closely related to English) in the 15th C and later. Some examples from Black include: Joneta Makgillumquha dated to 1406 (p. 471 s.n. MacClumpha), Agnes Makcalpyn dated to 1475 (p. 26 s.n. Aquhonan), and Margaret Makrerik dated to 1490 (pp. 480-1 s.n. MacCririck). The example given in the LoI of Gillaspy MacLachlan, dated 1308 in Black (p. 553 s.n. MacLachlan), is in Scots, not Gaelic. Therefore, MacLachlan is an appropriate form of this name that may be used with a feminine given name in Scots. Therefore, we have restored the element MacLachlan to this name, though we have changed the capitalization to match documented forms in Scots. As the College was unable to find support for a locative byname preceeding a Mac- style byname in Scots, we have reversed the order of the bynames in order to register this name. Reaney & Wilson (p. 236 s.n. Holroyd) dates de Holrode to 1327. We have changed the byname to this form in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Gillian MacLachlan de Holrode, 04/2003 LoAR, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | Submitted as Curwinus Treverorensis, the submitter requested authenticity for 9th to 10th C Germanic. The only documentation provided on the LoI for the byname was the statement, "The surname is an adjectival form of the Roman name of the Gallo-Germanic city of Trier."
Metron Ariston provided information about Latin forms of Trier:
Lacking evidence that Treverorensis is a period form, we have changed this byname to Trevirensis in order to register this name. As we were unable to find forms of either of the elements in this name used in 9th to 10th C Germanic, we were unable to make this name authentic for the submitter's requested time and culture. [Curwinus Trevirensis, 04/2003 LoAR, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | Submitted as Thomas atte Woode of Epping, the submitter requested authenticity for 1300-1500 English and allowed any changes. When two bynames that refer to locations appear in a name in English, the first byname is usually an inherited surname and the second is usually a literal locative byname. When atte Woode became an inherited surname, it seems to have been consistently written as a single word. Bardsley (p. 67 s.n. Attwood) dates William Attewood to 1439, which is late enough that the element Attewood in this name is likely an inherited surname. We have changed this name to use the inherited surname form Attewood to follow the documented pattern of [given name] [inherited surname] of [placename] and to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Thomas Attewood of Epping, 04/2003 LoAR, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | The submitter requested authenticity for Spanish and allowed minor changes. Clarion provided information regarding the submitter's request for authenticity:
Therefore, Sebastian Rodriguez de Castilla would be an authentic form of this name appropriate for 16th C Spain. As the submitter only allows minor changes, we have registered this name in the submitted form, since changing the language of the byname from the English de Castile to a Spanish form is a major change. [Sebastian Rodriguez de Castile, 04/2003 LoAR, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | Submitted as Ulbrecht vom Wald, the submitter requested authenticity for 7th C German. As this request was not included in the LoI, the College did not have the opportunity to provide commentary regarding authentic forms of this name for that language and time period.
No documentation was included on the LoI for the byname vom Wald except the statement "'of the forest' (this is a contraction of von dem Wald, and the one concern is that the contraction might be a post-period practice)". Multiple members of the College found documentation for this byname. For example, Sommelier commented:
The information found by the College consistently shows Walde as the form of this word used in bynames. We have made this change in order to register this name. The commentary provided by the College supports Ulbrecht vom Walde as a late 14th C or 15th C German name. Lacking information about how this name might appear in 7th C German, we do not know if it is authentic for that time and culture. [Ulbrecht vom Walde, 04/2003 LoAR, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | Submitted as Avery de la Marre, the byname de la Marre was grammatically incorrect, as it combined a feminine article with Marre, a masculine noun. The submitter's documentation includes the form del Marre, dated to 1302 in Reaney & Wilson (p. 299 s.n. Marr). The sound-alike byname de la Mare is dated to 1190 and 1342 in Reaney & Wilson (s.n. Delamar). However, this byname derives from a different word. Since the submitter expressed a preference for del Marre as an alternate to the submitted de la Marre, we have made this change in order to register this name. [Avery del Marre, 04/2003 LoAR, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | The LoI requested assistance with documentation for the byname Amberlach. As submitted, the only documentation for this element was: "Invented locative byname. Amber=golden and Lach=lake." Orle found that Amberlach is a plausible placename in English, but that it would not have the meaning desired by the submitter:
As Amberlach is plausible as an English placename in period, this name is registerable as a feminine given name with a locative byname. [Katherine Amberlach, 04/2003 LoAR, A-Trimaris] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.03 | Submitted as Gwenllian of Tenby, the submitter requested authenticity for Welsh and allowed any changes. Since locative bynames in Welsh typically did not include a preposition, we have dropped of in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Gwenllian Tenby, 03/2003, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.03 | Submitted as Zofia Borek, the submitter requested authenticity for 15th C Poland. All forms of the name Zofia that the College was able to find dated to period were spelled -phia rather than -fia. We have changed the given name to the form Zophia to meet the submitter's request for authenticity.
The byname Borek was submitted as "a generic toponym meaning 'small forest'". Evidence was found of Borek used as a masculine given name in period. In some of the dated examples, it is not possible to tell if Borek is being used as a second given name or as a patronymic byname. However, none of the examples found showed Borek used in a context that is identifiable as a toponymic byname. Lacking evidence that the byname Borek was used as a toponymic byname, we must assume that it derived solely as a patronymic byname from the masculine given name Borek. Since this byname is being used with the feminine given name Zophia, Polish grammar requires that it be modified to a feminine form. Nebuly provided information regarding likely feminine forms of this byname:
Based on the citation of Borek as a surname in Kazimierz Rymut, Nazwiska Polak�w, Boreka would be the most likely feminine form of this byname. Therefore, we have changed this name to use Boreka in order to register this name and to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Zophia Boreka, 03/2003, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.03 | This submission is being returned for problems with the construction of the byname il Castello del Drago. The submitted byname literally means 'the Castle del Drago' where del Drago is a family name that happens to mean 'of the dragon'. So, the name Gina il Castello del Drago means Gina is the castle, not that Gina is from the castle. While the castle itself was built in the 10th C, the castle had other names in period. In the 16th C, it was known as the Castello di Riofreddo and only passed to the del Drago family in the 17th C. Therefore, this location was not known as Castello del Drago in period. However, this information does demonstrate that a castle could be named for the family who owned it.
Talan Gwynek's article "15th Century Italian Men's Names" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/docs/italian15m.html) lists Girolamo da Castello. This supports da Castello as a period byname in Italian. However, no documentation was found that a person from a castle named for a family would include the entire name of the castle in their byname in the form Gina da Castello del Drago rather than Gina da Castello or Gina del Drago. Lacking such evidence, the byname da Castello del Drago is not registerable. As dropping either da Castello or del Drago is a major change, which the submitter does not allow, we must return this name. [Gina il Castello del Drago, 03/2003, R-Ealdormere] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.03 | Submitted as James DeLawton, no support was found for the form DeLawton. We have changed the capitalization and spacing to follow period examples in order to register this name. [James de Lawton, 03/2003, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.03 | Submitted as Giovanni Della Rosa, the submitter requested authenticity for Italian. We have put della in lowercase to follow standard period practice. [Giovanni della Rosa, 03/2003, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.03 | Submitted as Eadwine of Foxecote, the submitter requested authenticity for 11th to 12th C Anglo-Saxon. As submitted, this name combines the Old English Eadwine with the Middle English of Foxecote. An authentic period name combining these elements would have been recorded completely in Old English or completely in Middle English depending upon the language of the document in which this language was recorded. Ekwall (p. 186 s.n. Foxcote) dates the form Fuscote to the Domesday Book. G�sta Tengvik, Old English Bynames, pp. 54-56, in the section entitled "Lat. de (in OE charters)" gives some examples of Old English given names with Latin locative bynames. Based on these examples, Eadwine de Fuscote would be an authentic form of this name for an Old English record. Reaney & Wilson (s.n. Foxcot) date Edulf de Foxcote to 1189. Therefore, a fully Middle English form of this name appropriate for the 12th C would be Edwin de Foxcote.
We have changed the byname to a form documented to the submitter's desired time period in order to partially meet his request for authenticity. As the submitter only allowed minor changes, we were unable to change this name to a form appropriate for Old English to fully meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Eadwine de Foxcote, 03/2003, A-Ealdormere] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.03 | Submitted as Pavla Satu Marin, the LoI submitted Satu Marin as "a noun-based toponymic intended to mean 'Person of/from Satu-Mare'" and asked for assistance from the College for determining a proper construction for this byname. Nebuly provided information regarding period forms for bynames based on the location Satu Mare:
We have changed the byname to de la Satu Mare as recommended by Nebuly in order to register this name. [Pavla de la Satu Mare, 03/2003, A-Æthelmearc] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | Wyvern Heyghts was registered as the household name to the submitter's parents, Sean Vuibhearn and Elyramere of Tymbrelyne Heyghts, in July 1992. Therefore, the submitter may register the byname of Wyvern Heyghts under the Grandfather Clause. [Aclina of Wyvern Heyghts, 02/2003 LoAR, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | The submitter requested authenticity for 15th to 16th C Northern Italy and allowed no changes. The only documentation provided for the byname delle Alpi, intended to mean 'of the Alps', was from a modern Italian dictionary. This gives no indication whether such a byname would have been used in Italian in period. Several commenters found that Fucilla (p. 100) stated:
Lacking evidence that any form of delle Alpi is a plausible Italian byname in period, it is not registerable. [Alessandro delle Alpi, 02/2003 LoAR, R-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | Listed on the LoI as Vincenzo Pasquale d'Anzio, this name was submitted as Vincénzo Pasquale D'Anzio. Vincénzo was documented from De Felice. Kingdom removed the accent from this name because the accents are used in De Felice as a pronunciation guide, not as part of the actual names. The capitalization in the byname was changed to follow standard period forms.
The form Anzio was documented only from L. E. Seltzer, ed., The Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World (p. 81). Though this entry supports the location Anzio as having existed in period, it gives no indication that Anzio is the period Italian form of this placename. As the submitter allows minor changes, we have changed this byname to use the form Anza, which is found in Maridonna Benvenuti's article "Mercator's Place Names of Italy in 1554: Central Italy" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/maridonna/mercator/center.html), in order to register this name. [Vincenzo Pasquale d'Anza, 02/2003 LoAR, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | This name is being returned for lack of documentation of the byname Collingebourne Ducis. No evidence was found that Ducis was appended to the place name Collingebourne in period. Additionally, were evidence found of Ducis used in this place name in period, no evidence was provided and none was found that a personal byname would be formed using the full name of this location, rather than the simpler form Collingbourne. The LoI stated:
These examples support the existence of this location in period, but not with the element Ducis. Additionally, none of these dated examples spelling Collingbourne as -bourne. We would have changed this name to Eliane Collingburne in order to register this name. However, dropping Ducis dramatically changes the sound and appearance of the byname and so is a major change, which the submitter does not allow. [Eliane Collingebourne Ducis, 02/2003 LoAR, R-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | Submitted as Marcelle de la Marché, the submitter requested authenticity for a 14th C or earlier French name and allowed any changes. As submitted, the byname de la Marché is not grammatically correct. Metron Ariston explains:
As dropping the accent from the byname is a smaller change in appearance in the byname than changing de la to du, we have made this change in order to register this name. As we were unable to find examples of Marcelle used in the 14th C or earlier, we were unable to confirm that this name is authentic for the submitter's requested time period. [Marcelle de la Marche, 02/2003 LoAR, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | Listed on the LoI as Alvegard van Bomwedded, the submission form lists the form Bomwedde. The form Bomwedde is supported by the submitted documentation. We have, therefore, corrected this name to the submitted form Bomwedde. [Alvegard van Bomwedde, 02/2003 LoAR, A-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | Submitted as Dýrfinna Eyverska, the submitter requested authenticity for 10th to 12th C Norse and allowed minor changes. We have lowercased the byname to follow the submitted documentation. [Dýrfinna eyverska, 02/2003 LoAR, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | Submitted as Ysabel d'Outremer, the submitter requested authenticity for 14th C France and allowed minor changes. Hercule Geraud, Paris sous Philippe-le-Bel: d'aprés des documents originaux et notamment d'aprés un manuscript contenant Le R�le de la taille imposée sur les habitants de Paris en 1292 (p. 62, column 2), lists the entry Jehan d'Outre-mer, ou d'Outre-Sainne. We have changed the byname to use the form dated to 1292 to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Ysabel d'Outre-mer, 02/2003 LoAR, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | Submitted as Phoebe apo Korinthos, this name was intended to mean 'Phoebe of/from Corinth'.
[...] The phrase apo Korinthos is not grammatically correct. Korinthos is in the nominative case. When used with apo, it needs to be in the genitive case. As Korinthou is the genitive form of Korinthos, apo Korinthou is the grammatically correct form of this phrase. However, there is a larger problem with this byname. No evidence was found that a construction such as apo Korinthou 'from Corinth' would have been used as a descriptive byname in Greek. We have changed this byname to Korínthia [Kappa omicron rho {iota'} nu theta iota alpha], meaning '[the] Corinthian', to follow documented Greek byname construction in order to register this name. [Phoíbë Korínthia, 02/2003 LoAR, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | Submitted as Herman von Mandel, no evidence was found that a place named Mandel existed in period. Metron Ariston explains:
Lacking evidence that Mandel was a placename in period, the byname von Mandel is not registerable. As the submitter allows any changes, we have dropped the particle von in order to register this name. [Herman Mandel, 02/2003 LoAR, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Submitted as Greylond of Dowgla� deGalloway, the submitter requested authenticity for late 12th - early 15th C "Scoto-Norman borderland" and allowed any changes. The forms also indicated that he is from the Douglas clan. No documentation was presented and none was found that two locative bynames, both containing particles, would be used in a name. We have dropped of and added a space between de and Galloway to follow documented forms of names recorded in Scots (a language closely related to English). Current research has not found evidence that clan affiliations were included in Scottish names. So, this name means that Dowgla� is his family name or inherited surname and that he is from Galloway. [Greylond Dowgla� de Galloway, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | The submitter requested authenticity for 16th C England and allowed any changes. Talan Gwynek's article "Late Sixteenth Century English Given Names" (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/eng16/eng16alpha.html) lists the form Eleanor. Speed's The Counties of Britain (p. 119, map of Lincolnshire, map dated 1610) lists Ravendale in Havesto Wapon.. By the 16th C, inherited surnames had replaced literal bynames. However, Irvine Gray and J. E. Gethyn-Jones, ed., The Registers of the Church of St. Mary's, Dymock, 1538-1790 (p. 41), date John of Avocull to June 13, 1580, showing a single example of a locative byname without an inherited surname in the submitter's desired time period. Given this example, we have left this byname in the submitted form of Ravendale as this form is authentic, if extremely rare, for the submitter's desired time and culture. More typical forms would be Eleanor Ravendale, if Ravendale is viewed as an inherited surname, or Eleanor [inherited surname] of Ravendale, showing Ravendale as Eleanor's place of origin and the inherited surname as a surname inherited from her father or her husband's surname if she is married. [Eleanor of Ravendale, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | [...] The submitter requested authenticity for 12th to 13th C and allowed any changes. [...]
Siren found information regarding the submitter's request for authenticity:
As the College was unable to find examples of a person's byname that referred to an abbey name and included both the name of the abbey and the word Abbey, we have changed his name to Nicholas de Wauerley to meet his request for authenticity. [Nicholas de Wauerley, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Submitted as Geoffrey DeCardeville, no documentation was presented and none was found for De- added to the beginning of a placename in this manner. We have changed this byname to the standard form de Cardeville in order to register this name. [Geoffrey de Cardeville, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Submitted as Leofwine av Sumersaeton, the submitter requested authenticity for 1056 Anglo-Saxon England and allowed minor changes. As submitted, this byname combines the modern Swedish av with the Old English Sumersaeton and so violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name element. We have changed the particle from the Swedish av to the Old English of to resolve this problem.
Old English grammar requires that, in personal names having the form [given name] of [placename], the placename be in the dative case. The documented Sumersæton (found in Ekwall, p. 430 s.n. Somerset) is a nominative form. The dative form of this placename is Sumersætum. We have made this correction in order to register this name and to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Leofwine of Sumersætum, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Submitted as Wolfram Jäger von Darmstadt, the submitter requested authenticity for 1300-1400 German and allowed any changes. Brechenmacher (s.n. Darmstädter) dates the form Darmesteder to 1334. As Darmesteder is the term for a person from this town, the corresponding form of this town name would be Darmested. We have changed the byname to use this form to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Wolfram Jäger von Darmested, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Submitted as Álmhath Blárnach, the submitter requested authenticity for a 16th C (or so) Irish woman married to a Scottish man and allowed minor changes. No documentation was presented and none was found that Álmhath was a plausible period form of the documented Álmath. Lacking such evidence, it is not registerable. We have changed the given name to the documented form Álmath in order to register this name.
Blárnach was submitted as a byname referring to the town of Blarney in Ireland. In Gaelic, adjectival forms of placenames are used as descriptive bynames when the place referred to is a large area, such as a region/county (Conallach 'Tirconnell[-ish]'), province (Connachtach 'Connacht[-ish]'), or country (Saxanach 'English'). When referring to a smaller area, such as a town, village, or barony, the name of the place (in the genitive case) is used as a descriptive byname. Room (s.n. Blarney) gives the Gaelic form of this name as An Bhlarna 'the small field'. For some reason, Room seems to have left the accent off the 'a' (Blárna) in this entry, though he includes it in other placenames on the same page that are formed from the same root. Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn provided examples from Hogan's Onomasticon Goedelicum showing na Blárnan as the feminine genitive form of this phrase. As the feminine genitive form is the form that this placename would take in a woman's descriptive byname, Álmath na Blárnan is the grammatically correct form of this name in Gaelic. We have changed the byname to na Blárnan in order to register this name. Lacking evidence that Álmath continued to be used as late as the 16th C, we were unable to make this name authentic for the submitter's requested time and culture. [Álmath na Blárnan, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | As submitted, Gordon was only documented as a surname. To be used with of, Gordon would need to be documented as a placename. Fortunately, the College found such documentation. Kraken stated:
Given this information, the byname of Gordon is registerable. As previously stated, "[p]lease make sure the submitter understands that the byname is not a patronymic; it is a toponymic, 'of Gordon', the latter being a place" (James o' Gordon, October, 1993, pg. 1). [Giles of Gordon, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Submitted as Cassandra of Wolf's Rock, the submitter requested authenticity for 12th to 13th C and allowed any changes. The only documentation provided for Wolf's Rock in the LoI was the statement "Constructed place name based on location named after a person named Wolf (s.n. Reaney and Wilson p498)". This provides no evidence that Rock would have been used as a toponymic element in a placename.
The only example that the College found of the element rock (with the meaning of 'rock' rather than some other meaning) used in a placename was in Mills (s.n. Rock [second entry with this header]), who dates Rok to 1242 in reference to a location in Northumberland and says, "Probably Middle English rokke 'a rock, a peak'. Ekwall (p. 390 s.n. Rock [first entry with this header]) gives the meaning of this location in Northumberland as being derived from "OE rocc 'rock' (an early Romance loan-word)". However, this sole instance of Rock as a placename does not support the construction [person's name]'s Rock. Lacking evidence that Rock would be combined with other elements in an English placename in this manner, it is not registerable. [Cassandra of Wolf's Rock, 01/2003 LoAR, R-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | This name is being returned for improper construction of the byname. Port Lairge is the Gaelic form of the place known as Waterford in English or Anglicized Irish. In Irish Gaelic, locative bynames referring to towns are formed by putting the placename into the genitive case. As the submitter did not allow any changes, we were unable to correct the byname to Puirt Lairge in order to register this name. A fully Gaelic form of this name would be Aodh Puirt Lairge. [Y Port Lairge, 01/2003 LoAR, R-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | The particle aus has previously been reason for return:
The examples referred to in Brechenmacher are modern editorial descriptions. Lacking evidence that aus was used in personal names in period (rather than the documented von), it is not registerable. Bahlow (p. 57 s.n. Bremer) dates von Bremen to 1605. [Freidrich der Hirsch aus Bremen, 01/2003 LoAR, R-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Submitted as Eadwenna æt Hræfnhyrst, the submitter requested authenticity for 9th to 10th C Saxon and allowed any changes. Metron Ariston provided commentary on Old English forms of this name appropriate for the submitter's desired period:
Lacking evidence that Eadwenna is a plausible period form of Eadwynn, it is not registerable. We have changed this name to the form suggested by Metron Ariston to register this name and to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Eadwynn æt Hræfneshyrste, 01/2003 LoAR, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | [Name change from Thorvaldr Gángl�re Vakkerfjell] There are multiple problems with the byname í Vakkerfjelli.
Vakkerfjell, the basis for the byname í Vakkerfjelli, was documented only as the name of a shire in the West Kingdom (registered May 1983). There are some limitations upon registerability of SCA branch names in a personal name:
The submitted byname í Vakkerfjelli does not use the actual registered spelling of this SCA branch name. Rather it uses a gramatically inflected form of the placename. Therefore, the allowance for automatic registerability of an SCA branch name in a personal name does not come into play. Instead, the byname í Vakkerfjelli is subject to the same requirements of any constructed byname. In this case, the file for Vakkerfjell shows it to have been submitted as meaning 'Beautiful Mountain' in Norwegian, using only a modern dictionary for documentation. Therefore, this is an example of the situation described in the above precedent - that, from the documentation in the file, we cannot assume that Vakkerfjell is a properly constructed period Norwegian placename. The submitted byname í Vakkerfjelli was documented as an Old Norse construction. Therefore, the byname í Vakkerfjelli violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name phrase, because it attempts to form an Old Norse locative byname from a hypothetical Norwegian placename. Additionally, no documentation was provided and none was found that a locative byname in Old Norse would use a construction like í Vakkerfjelli. The LoI cited Lindorm Eriksson's article "The Bynames of the Viking Age Runic Inscriptions" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/lindorm/runicbynames/places.htm), which gives an example of a name which includes both a patronymic byname and a locative byname: Ólaf Erlendsson á Bygglandi 'Ólafr of Byggland, Erlendr's son'. From this example, if documentation were provided supporting Vakkerfjell as a plausible placename in Old Norse, Thórvaldr Thórólfsson á Vakkerfjelli would be a registerable form of this name. As the submitter does not allow major changes, we were unable to drop the problematic element in order to register this name. [Thórvaldr í Vakkerfjelli Thórólfsson, 01/2003 LoAR, R-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Submitted as Michael de Safita, Safita is the name of a castle and a nearby town in Syria. No evidence was found that Safita is in a language that uses de. RfS III.1.a requires that a name phrase use a single language. Lacking evidence that de Safita is in a single language, we have changed the byname to of Safita. RfS III.1.a also states that "[i]n the case of place names and other name elements frequently used in English in their original form, an English article or preposition may be used. For example, of Aachen might be used instead of the purely German von Aachen." As Safita appears in English in this form, of Safita is registerable under this allowance in RfS III.1.a. We have, therefore, changed the byname to of Safita in order to register the name. [Michael of Safita, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Submitted as Marianna di Florenza, the particle used in locative bynames in Italian is da, not di. We have made this change. Florenza was documented from Maridonna Benvenuti's article "Mercator's Place Names of Italy in 1554: Central Italy" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/maridonna/mercator/center.html). The question was raised during commentary whether Florenza was a typo for Fiorenza. Maridonna rechecked this placename on the map she used for her source and found that the placename does indeed say Fiorenza rather than Florenza. We have changed the name to match this documented form. [Marianna da Fiorenza, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Submitted as Valeria Tertia of Alexandria, the submitter requested authenticity for the 1st C A.D. and allowed any changes. We have changed the byname of Alexandria to the Latin form that would appear in a woman's name in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Valeria Tertia Alexandrina, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.12 | Submitted as Helewis of Richmond, the submitter requested authenticity for 12th to 13th C English and allowed any changes. The spelling Richmond seems to have come into use after her desired period. Reaney & Wilson (s.n. Richmond) date Roger de Richemund to 1199, Adam de Richemond to 1296, and William Richemound 1326. We have changed the spelling of the byname to use Richemond to make this name authentic for the submitter's desired period. [Helewis of Richemond, 12/2002, A-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.12 | Submitted as Sabin of Salisbury, the submitter requested authenticity for 13th C (no language or culture specified) and allowed any changes. The spelling Salisbury seems to have come into use after her desired period. Reaney & Wilson (s.n. Salisbury) date William de Salesberie to 1115 and Bernard de Salesbiry to 1246. We have changed the spelling of the byname to use Salesbiry to make this name authentic for the submitter's desired period. [Sabin of Salesbiry, 12/2002, A-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.12 | Submitted as Jean d'Esledes, the LoI stated that the submitter requested "an authentic French/Burgundian name meaning 'John of Leeds' accurate for the Hundred Year War time period". The time period of the Hundred Years War begins in the early/mid 14th C and ends in the early 15th C. Esledes was documented as dating to the Domesday Book (which means either 1066 or 1086) in Ekwall (p. 293 s.n. Leeds). Presumably, the form Esledes is, therefore, Old English or Latin. Regardless, combining it with the French d' violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name phrase. This form is also around 250-350 years too early for the submitter's requested time period. Reaney & Wilson (p. 275 s.n. Leeds) dates Hugh de Leedes to 1285. We have changed the byname to this form to partially meet the submitter's request for authenticity. As we were unable to find a French form of the byname, we were unable to make this name completely authentic for the submitter's requested culture. [Jean de Leedes, 12/2002, A-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.12 | The Middle English particle atte means 'at the' and is used with words that refer to generic locations such as a ridge, a hill, or water. Reaney & Wilson (p. 332 s.n. Otterburn) date Rannulf de Oterburn' to 1219, Helias de Hoterburne to 1274-5, and Alan de Ottyrburne to 1246. This entry indicates that the location referred to in this byname is the formal name of several locations. As it is a proper noun, not a general description of a location, it is not compatible with atte. Therefore, atte Oterburne is not registerable.
Correctly constructed forms of this byname include the Middle English forms listed in Reaney & Wilson. The Old English form æt Otreburne would be appropriate for the submitted given name Ælfled and would sound close to the submitted atte Oterburne. As the submitter allows no changes, we were unable to change this byname to any of these forms in order to register this name. [Ælfled atte Oterburne, 12/2002, R-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.12 | The only documentation provided for the byname von Heisenberg on the LoI was:
This statement does not provide evidence that Heisenberg is a plausible formal name for a German placename in period because it (1) does not show that a place named Heisenberg existed in period, and (2) does not show placenames that did exist in period and demonstrate that a place named Heisenberg follows the same construction pattern and so would be a plausible period placename. Lacking evidence that Heisenberg follows a pattern of a German placename in period, the byname von Heisenberg is not registerable. If the submitter is interested in a similar sounding placename, he may wish to know that Brechenmacher (s.n. Eisenberg) dates Ysenburg to 1331. [Gregor von Heisenberg, 12/2002, R-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.12 | The documentation provided for the byname d'Angely was, "The submitter quoted Dauzat p. 18, St-Jean-d'Angely 1095." As recorded on the LoI, this example gives no indication of whether St-Jean-d'Angely is a placename or a personal name. There is some debate about the etymology of d'Angely. Silver Nautilus provided information about a town St. Jean-d'Angély:
The summarization of the documentation is inadequate; first, you do not say which Dauzat, much less which edition. The Dauzat I have to hand, Noms de Famille et Prénoms, 1987 edition, does not have d'Angely on page 18. The EB lists St. Jean-d'Angély as a town in Western France founded sometime before 1131 and chartered in 1204; it does not support Angély as an independent locative, as the saint was named after his neighboring forest of Angéry and the town's name changed to the 'l' later. Hund provided information about a saint named John Angelus: The reference for the place name cannot be confirmed and Morlet describes the name Angely as a personal a[sic] baptismal name of religious nature, not a locative. The Benedictines note John Angelus (d 1050). Thus the phrase quoted is translated as "St.John of the Angels" as an explicit description of the Saint. Neither the existence of a town St. Jean-d'Angély, nor a saint named John Angelus support d'Angely as a byname. Fortunately for the submitter, Aryanhwy merch Catmael and Talan Gwynek's article "Names Found in Commercial Documents from Bordeaux, 1470-1520" (http://www.sit.wisc.edu/~sfriedemann/names/bordeaux.htm) lists Pierre Angely and notes that the byname was "also found as Angley, Angey, d'Angely". Given this information, d'Angely is documented as a byname and is, therefore, registerable. [Yve d'Angely, 12/2002, R-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.12 | Morlet, Dictionaire Étymologique de Noms de Famille (p. 267 s.n. Daix) gives the surname Daix as deriving from a number of locations named Aix. No documentation was presented and none was found that a personal byname would take the form Aix en Provence rather than Aix. As the submitter allows only minor changes, we were unable to change this name to Jacques d'Aix in order to register this name. [Jacques d'Aix en Provence, 12/2002, R-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.12 | Silver Nautilus provided an analysis of this name that explains why d'Akeney is not a plausible form in English:
We can easily document "de Hakeney" (R&W s.n. Hackney dates "de Hakeneye" to 1275 and "Hakeney" without a preposition to 1327). S. Gabriel [client report 2502] finds "de Akeney" in 1295 in Aspilogia (tempore either Edward I or Henry III). However, it is less promising for the preposition as submitted; it states that while "de" contracts to "d'" in French (which would require the French form of the placename, Acquigny), it either contracts to "D-" or does not contract in English. As the submitter allows minor changes, we have changed the byname to de Akeney in order to register this name. [Amelot de Akeney, 12/2002, A-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.12 | Submitted as Nathaniel Constantine of Laibach, the LoI documented Laibach as follows:
None of these sources are included in "Books That Do Not Require Photocopies to Laurel", Appendix H of the CoA Administrative Handbook. Lacking these photocopies, we did not have an opportunity to evaluate these sources and so these references may not be considered for documentation. Additionally, the article cited from the newadvent.org website only documents that the diocese specified was founded in the 15th C. There is no indication that Laibach was the name of that diocese at that time. Lacking evidence that Laibach is a plausible period placename in German, it is not registerable. Nebuly provided additional information regarding the byname of Laibach:
RfS III.1.a says in part:
Laibach does not meet this requirement. Some placenames do not appear in English in their original form. For example, the German city of Köln appears in English as Cologne. Therefore, bynames referring to this location would be von Köln or of Cologne. The byname of Köln mixes English and German and so is not registerable because Köln is not the form that this placename takes in English. In the case of this submission, Laibach is a modern German name for Ljubljana (Webster's Geographical Dictionary, s.n. Ljubljana). In English, this location is known as Ljubljana, not Laibach. So, of Laibach is not registerable. We have changed this byname to von Laubach in order to register this name. [Nathaniel Constantine von Laubach, 12/2002, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.11 | Submitted as Goimir Gora, the submitter requested authenticity for Polish and allowed any changes. The LoI noted that "[t]he submitter requests that [the byname] be changed as necessary to create the meaning 'of the mountains.'" Nebuly found the Polish byname with this meaning:
We have changed the byname to the period form found by Nebuly to partially meet the submitter's request for authenticity. As we were unable to find a Polish form of Goimir, we were unable to make this name completely authentic for the submitter's requested culture. [Goimir Goraysky, 11/2002, A-Æthelmearc] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.11 | Submitted as Diamanda de Beauchamp of Meryfield, submitter requested authenticity for Irish and allowed minor changes. As submitted, this name contained two locative bynames that both included prepositions. The most recent precedent regarding such a construction is:
Similarly, we have dropped de in this submission in order to register this name. All the elements of this name were documented as English. Lacking evidence that they were used in Ireland, we were unable to make this name authentic for the submitter's requested culture. [Diamanda Beauchamp of Meryfield, 11/2002, A-Trimaris] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.11 | Sommelier provided documentation for Claymore as a constructed placename:
Given this information, Claymore is registerable as a byname referring to a location. [Renee Claymore, 11/2002, A-Æthelmearc] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.11 | Collina Ventoso was submitted as a hypothetical placename meaning 'Windy Hill'. The elements were documented from a modern Italian-English/English-Italian dictionary that supports collina and ventoso as words in modern Italian. It does not support these words as elements in period placenames. Kraken provided commentary on the construction of this placename:
Maridonna Benvenuti found evidence of a place named Poggio al Vento, 'Hill of Wind' in period. It is included in the byname of Iacopo di messer Gregorio da Poggio al Vento (http://www.geocities.com/emilioweb/p_crfm07.htm) who died in 1301. Given this information, this name would be registerable as Tomasia da Collevento or Tomasia da Poggia al Vento. However, we were unable to change the submitted name to one of these forms in order to register this name: changing the name to either of these forms is dramatic enough that it is a major change, which the submitter does not allow. [Tomasia da Collina Ventoso, 11/2002, R-Æthelmearc] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.11 | Submitted as Arkell von Cophus, examples of this byname in period either have no preposition or forms including the definite article dem 'the'. The reason is that a kaufhaus is a generic noun referring to a place where goods are bought and sold. Proper nouns such as the names of towns can take the preposition von when used to form locative bynames. As kaufhaus is not a proper noun but a generic locative reference, von dem 'of the' (or the contraction vom) is appropriate. The submitter specifically allowed the change from von to vom. We have made this change in order to register this name. [Arkell vom Cophus, 11/2002, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.10 | Submitted as Máire Asan T'Eilean Sgithenach, the submitter requested authenticity for "(Celtic) 600 Scott[sic]" and allowed any changes. Unfortunately, there is no way to make the submitted name authentic for the submitter's desired time period, given the name elements the submitter has requested and the relatively small amount of knowledge available about languages used in Scotland around 600.
[...] T'Eilean Sgithenach was documented as the modern Gaelic name for the Isle of Skye. Asan was documented as a "Gaelic preposition meaning 'of' or 'from'". No evidence has been found of locative bynames in names in Scottish Gaelic except as part of chiefly titles. Locative bynames are extremely rare in Irish Gaelic. Those based on placenames of relatively small areas, such as a village, town, or barony, are unmarked and in the genitive case. Those based on large regions, including provinces and countries, are almost uniformly adjectival forms. Locative bynames were used in Scots (a language closely related to English which was used in the 14th to 16th C). The spelling Skye is dated to circa 1610 (in Speed's The Counties of Britain, p. 266, map of Scotland, map drawn 1610). Johnston (p. 296 s.n. Skye) dates Skey to 1292. Scots locative bynames based on these forms would be of Skye, de Skey, et cetera. Lacking the ability to properly construct a locative byname in Gaelic that refers to the Isle of Skye, we have changed the byname to the Scots form of Skye in order to register this name. [Máire of Skye, 10/2002, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.10 | We have added a space in the byname de Ravenfeld to follow period usage. [Eulalia de Ravenfeld, 10/2002, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.10 | The Caves of Smoo was documented from Johnston (s.n. Smoo). However, since Johnston gives no dated examples of this name, we do not know if this name was used for these caves in period. Were such documentation found, there is an additional problem with this byname. No evidence was provided and none was found that a byname formed from the name of this location would take the form of the Caves of Smoo rather than of Smoo. These issues make this byname unregisterable. [Bubba Ianson of the Caves of Smoo, 10/2002, R-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.10 | The byname von Aschehyrst violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name element. Aschehyrst, the name of the submitter's group, is English, while the particle von is German. A similar case is shown in the precedent:
Submitted as Ulrich von Rudivale, we have changed the [von] to of since the rules require that prepositions must agree in language with the following noun, and Rudivale, which is the client's home group, is English. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR July 1996, p. 13) As the submitter allows no changes, we cannot change von to of and register his name. However, as the submitter allows a holding name, we have formed his holding name, Karl of Aschehyrst, according to the standard format of using the name of his branch, in order to permit registration of his armory. By having Karl of Aschehyrst as a holding name, rather than an (undesired) name change, we can register the device, which would otherwise have to be returned. [Karl von Aschehyrst, 10/2002, R-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.10 | The byname Æt Gytingbroc is not properly constructed. Metron Ariston explains:
There is a problem here since not only would we expect the lower case in the preposition but also correct grammar. The preposition æt takes a dative noun and the expected dative of the place name would be Gytingbroce. (The final "e" is the mark of the dative singular for strong nouns like broc.) The Letter of Intent, however, indicates that the submitter will not allow such a change. As the submitter allowed only a change from Æt to æt, if necessary, and allowed no other changes, we were unable to correct the grammar of the byname in order to register this name. [Hrothgar Æt Gytingbroc, 10/2002, R-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.10 | Submitted as Gisela de Calais, the submitter requested authenticity for 8th to 10th C Carolingia. No documentation was provided for Calais in the LoI except the statement "Calais is a city on the north coast of France", which provides no evidence that Calais was the name of a location in period. Dauzat & Rostaing (p. 131 s.n. Calais) dates the form Kalais to 1181. As this was the earliest citation found for this placename, we have changed the byname to use this form to partially meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Gisela de Kalais, 10/2002, A-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.10 | Submitted as Felice Throckmorton, the submitter requested authenticity for 13th to 14th C (presumably English) and allowed any changes. Reaney & Wilson (p. 445 s.n. Throckmorton) dates Adam de Throkemerton' to 1221 and Robert de Throkemarton to 1327. As it is not unusual for English locative bynames to omit a particle such as de in the 14th C, we have changed the byname to the form Throkemarton to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Felice Throkemarton, 10/2002, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.10 | Submitted as Antony Martin de Schefeld, the submitter requested authenticity for 14th to 15th C England. The LoI also noted that he would prefer of Sheffield over de Schefeld "if that can be supported and registered". Reaney & Wilson (p. 404 s.n. Sheffield) date Thomas de Sheffeld to 1328, and (p. 321 s.n. Newcastle) date Agnes of Newcastle to 1315 and Adam de Newcastle to 1340. Given these examples, the form of Sheffeld is authentic for the submitter's desired time and culture, and is much closer than the submitted de Schefeld to his desired form of Sheffield. Therefore, we have changed the locative byname to of Sheffeld to meet the submitter's request for authenticity in conjunction with his desired spelling. [Antony Martin of Sheffeld, 10/2002, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | Submitted as Ludwig von Eisburg, Eisburg was submitted as a constructed placename. The LoI noted that if Eisburg was not registerable, he would accept changing the placename to Eisenburg. The LoI referenced a number of German towns whose names begin with Eisen- or Eis- and stated that "the former means 'iron' and the latter 'ice'". Bright Leaf found information regarding placenames using Eisen- and Eis-:
Given no examples of German placenames in period beginning with Eis- rather than Eisen-, combined with the information found by Bright Leaf, Eis- seems to be a post-period rendering of Eisen-. Lacking evidence that a placename would have used Eis- rather than Eisen- in period, a placename using Eis- is not registerable. We have change the placename to Eisenburg, as the submitter specifically allows, in order to register this name. [Ludwig von Eisenburg, 09/2002 LoAR, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | There was some question whether a locative byname that referenced the name of a river was plausible in German. Edda Gentry's translation of Bahlow lists several entries with dated examples of bynames referencing river names. Some of these include:
Given these examples, the submitted form of this name is both registerable and authentic for German, as requested by the submitter. [Falko von der Weser, 09/2002 LoAR, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | Submitted as Rannveig upplending R{�-}riksdóttir, upplending was submitted as a feminine version of the byname upplendingr, meaning 'Upplander (Sweden)', listed in Geirr Bassi (p. 29). However, upplendingr is a noun, not an adjective, and so does not take a different form when used in a woman's name. We have made this correction. [Rannveig upplendingr Hr�ríksdóttir, 09/2002 LoAR, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | Submitted as Shane of Drake's Vale, no documentation was presented and none was found that Drake's Vale is a plausible period placename. Reaney & Wilson (p. 141 s.n. Drake) date David Drake to 1185, and (p. 464 s.n. Vale) John Vale to 1382. These entries show Drake to be a descriptive byname originally meaning 'dragon' or an occupational byname referring to a standard bearer, and Vale to be a locative byname referring to a generic 'valley' location. As the submitter allows any changes and noted that sound was most important, we have changed this name to use Drake and Vale as two separate bynames in order to register this name with a minimum of changes to its sound. [Shane Drake Vale, 09/2002 LoAR, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | Listed on the LoI as Gerita del Mere, this name was submitted as Gerita della Mera and changed at Kingdom because no documentation could be found for della Mera. The submitter requested an authentic 15th C Venetian name.
The documentation included with the submission indicates that the submitter intended the phrase della Mera to mean 'of the sea'. Unfortunately, this is incorrect. The word for 'sea' in Italian is mare rather than mere. Additionally, the word mare in Italian is masculine, and so it would be used with the masculine particle del rather than the feminine della. We have made these corrections. Sommelier found period examples of this byname:
We have changed the byname to the form del Mare to meet the submitter's request for authenticity and to register this name. [Gerita del Mare, 09/2002 LoAR, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | Submitted as Gericke von Keger, no evidence was found that Keger was the formal name of a location (as opposed to a generic term referring to a bog or moor). Lacking evidence that Keger was the formal name of a location, it is not registerable with the particle von. We have changed the byname to follow the form found in Brechinmacher (s.n. Keger), which dates Ruod. der Keger to 1293, in order to register this name. [Gericke der Keger, 09/2002 LoAR, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | Reaney & Wilson (p. 495 s.n. Wind) give examples of forms of Wind as a locative byname. Therefore, the submitted name has the structure of given name + descriptive byname + locative byname and is registerable. [Wulf Gray Wind, 09/2002 LoAR, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | Submitted as John Marshall of Hartshorn-Dale, the registered name of the submitter's group is Hartshorn-dale. Since only the registered form of a branch name is automatically registerable, we have changed the byname to use the registered form. [John Marshall of Hartshorn-dale, 09/2002 LoAR, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | Submitted as Catherine of Dark Forest, no documentation was provided and none was found that Dark was used as an element in an English placename in period. Lacking such evidence, Dark Forest is not registerable. Reaney & Wilson (p. 174 s.n. Forest) dates Adam ate Forest to 1300 and Anabilla del fforest to 1354. Reaney & Wilson (s.n. Dark) dates John Darke to 1362, showing an example of Darke as a descriptive byname. Therefore, Catherine of the Forest and Catherine Darke of the Forest are registerable forms of this name. As the latter contains all of the submitted elements, though in a different order than submitted, we have changed the name to this form in order to register this name. [Catherine Darke of the Forest, 09/2002 LoAR, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | Submitted as Gabrielle la Roche, La Roche is the name of a location, and so would take the preposition de. We have changed the byname to match documented forms in order to register this name. [Gabrielle de La Roche, 09/2002 LoAR, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | Submitted as Drogo de LeMans, all information regarding the placename Le Mans had the name written as two words. We have made this correction. [Drogo de Le Mans, 09/2002 LoAR, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | Submitted as Jourdain de Bois-Robert, the submitter requested authenticity for 11th to 12th C Norman. All examples that were found of placenames combining Bois with a given name showed the name as one word (such as Boisgirard) rather than as a hyphenated form. We have changed the placename to Boisrobert in order to register this name and to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Jourdain de Boisrobert, 09/2002 LoAR, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | Submitted as Margarete della Mare, the byname della Mare was submitted as an Italian byname. However, this phrase is not grammatically correct. The word mare in Italian is masculine, and so would be used with the masculine particle del rather than the feminine della. We have made this correction. [Margarete del Mare, 09/2002 LoAR, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | The submitter desired the locative byname de Roubidoux, because she lives in the Roubidoux River Valley. Metron Ariston found some information regarding this name:
Orle found more information:
Unfortunately, none of the information found by the College dates the name Roubidoux earlier than the 18th C. Lacking evidence that it is a plausible period name, it is not registerable. [Evangeline Bajolet de Roubidoux, 09/2002 LoAR, R-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | Submitted as Daniela Da Vicenza, we have changed the particle to lowercase to follow documented examples. [Daniela da Vicenza, 08/2002, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | Submitted as Avice of Greylyng, Greylyng is a reasonable variant of the byname Greyling, which Reaney & Wilson (p. 203 s.n. Grayling) date to 1317 in the example of Robert Greyling. However, this entry clearly indicates that this byname derives from the Old French given name Graelent, showing that this byname is a patronymic byname, not a locative byname. We have therefore removed of (as it is not used in patronymic bynames) in order to register this name. [Avice Greylyng, 08/2002, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | The submitter may wish to know that a fully Welsh form of this name would be Gwenllian Emlyn, since locative bynames in Welsh typically do not include a preposition. As she has made no request for authenticity, we have left the name in the submitted form. [Gwenllian of Emlyn, 08/2002, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | Submitted as Sophia Veronica of Falcon Cree, the registered form of the branch name is Falconcree, Canton of. Since only the actual registered form of an SCA branch name is automatically registerable as part of a personal name, we have changed the byname to use the registered form of this branch name. [Sophia Veronica of Falconcree, 08/2002, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | Submitted as Constance Warwick of Wyndermere, the submitter requested authenticity for Britain during 1200-1300 and allowed minor changes. The LoI stated that:
In the submitter's desired time period, bynames were used literally. As both Warwick and Wyndermere refer to locations, these two bynames would not have been used in the same name during the submitter's desired time period. Bardley (p. 795 s.n. Warwick) dates John de Warrewyc, Matilda de Warewyck, and John de Warewyk to 1273. So authentic forms indicating a woman from Warwick in the submitter's desired time period would be Constance de Warrewyc, Constance de Warewyck, and Constance de Warewyk. Ekwall (p. 524 s.n. Windermere) dates the forms Winandemere to 1203 and Wynandermer to 1282. So authentic forms indicating a woman from Windermere in the submitter's desired time period would be Constance de Winandemere and Constance de Wynandermer. The submitter indicated that she was willing to change Warwick to Warrick. Reaney & Wilson (p. 477 s.n. Warrick) date Roger Warrock to 1271 and give this as an occupational byname indicating a maker of warrocks, which were wedges used to tighten scaffolding, or a builder of scaffolds. Authentic forms of a name for 1200-1300 that indicated that a woman named Constance was involved in making warrocks or scaffolds and was from Windermere, would be Constance Warrock de Winandemere and Constance Warrock de Wynandermer. As the first of these is the name closest to the submitted form that is authentic for the submitter's requested time period, we have changed the name to this form in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. It is worth noting that the submitted name, with a minor spelling change to the final element, would be authentic for the late 16th to the early 17th C. By the 16th C, inherited surnames had come into use. Julian Goodwyn's article "Brass Enscription Index" (http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/brasses/) dates Constance to 1581. Bardsley (p. 795 s.n. Warwick) dates Richard Warwick to 1601. Speed, The Counties of Britain (p. 182, map of Westmorland, most maps dated 1610), lists a town or village named Wynandermere. So, Constance Warwick of Wynandermere (which adds only two characters to the submitted Wyndermere) would be an authentic form of this name for the late 16th - early 17th C. [Constance Warrock de Winandemere, 08/2002, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | This name was submitted as Raghnailt as Sord Colmcille. There are a few examples we have of locative bynames in Irish Gaelic that refer to the name of a location of the size of a village or town. These locative bynames use the genitive form of the placename as the locative byname and do not use a preposition. The byname was changed at Kingdom to a documented genitive form of this placename to follow these examples of locative bynames in Gaelic. [Raghnailt Suird Coluimcille, 08/2002, A-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | Submitted as Sáerlaith á Beare, locative bynames were rare in Irish Gaelic. In the cases where they refer to a specific location of the size of towns, baronies, islands, et cetera, the locative byname uses only the genitive form of the placename. Beare is a nominative form. The corresponding genitive form is Beirre. Donnchadh Ó Corráin & Mavis Cournane, ed., "The Annals of Ulster" (http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/G100001/), entry U799.7, show an example of this byname in a man's name: Breislen Beirre. As B does not show lenition in Old Irish, the spelling of the byname does not change when used in a woman's name. Therefore, a woman named Sáerlaith from Beare would have been Sáerlaith Beirre. [Sáerlaith Beirre, 08/2002, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | Listed on the LoI as Madelena Ysabel de Sant Antonio, this name was submitted as Madelina Ysabella de San Antonio and changed at Kingdom to follow forms found in Juliana de Luna's article "Spanish Names from the Late 15th Century" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/juliana/isabella/locative.html) to meet the submitter's request for authenticity for Spanish. While locations listed in Juliana's article most commonly use the form Sant [male saint's given name], San [male saint's given name] is also found. Therefore, we have returned the locative to the originally submitted form. [Madelena Ysabel de San Antonio, 08/2002, A-Drachenwald] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | Submitted as Geoffrey de Grene de Boketon, the submitter provided genealogical information as part of his documentation. Genealogical information must be used with care when used as name submission documentation. In this instance, the information provided (combined with information from other sources including Reaney & Wilson) supports de Grene and de Boketon as bynames in period. However, none of the information provided showed evidence that the combined form de Grene de Boketon is a form that would have appeared in period documents. By the time that double bynames appeared in late period, the first byname was normally an inherited surname. In the case of locative bynames, they normally dropped the preposition when they became surnames. A name of the form Geoffrey Grene de Boketon would be understood in late period to refer to a man named Geoffrey Grene who lived at or came from a place named Boketon. Lacking evidence that an English name in period would have included two locative bynames that both contained prepositions, the submitted form is not registerable. On his submission form, the submitter indicated that if the full name as submitted was not registerable, he wished the form Geoffrey de Boketon. Therefore, we are registering that form, rather than the form Geoffrey Grene de Boketon, which is also registerable. [Geoffrey de Boketon, 08/2002, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.07 | The byname al Delhi combines the Arabic element al with the Indian placename Delhi. In order to be registerable, this phrase needs to be rendered in a single language and put in a proper locative byname form. al-Jamal explains:
The form that locative bynames take in Mughal would need to be documented as matching those in Arabic, or Delhi would need to be documented as an Arabic form of this placename, for the forms mentioned by al-Jamal to be registerable. [Masala bint Humayun al Delhi, 07/2002, R-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.07 | Submitted as Danil Batory, the submitter requested a "name correct for the Polish/Lithuanian Commonwealth". The submitted Batory is a Hungarian rather than a Polish or Lithuanian form. Nebuly found a Polish form of this name:
We have changed the byname to the form suggested by Nebuly to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Danil Bathoricz, 07/2002, A-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.07 | Submitted as Ludwig Wursteiner, no documentation was presented and none was found that Wursteiner is a plausible period byname. The submitter allowed any changes and has noted that the sound of the name was most important to him. Hawk found a plausible construction for a hypothetical placename of Würzstein:
A person from the hypothetical Würzstein would have a byname of Würzsteiner. We have changed the byname to this form in order to register this name. [Ludwig Würzsteiner, 07/2002, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.07 | The submitted byname de Castelyn combines the locative particle de 'of' with the occupational byname Castelyn, which is not a plausible combination. Metron Ariston explains:
As the submitter allowed no changes, we were unable to either drop de and register the byname simply as Castelyn or change the spelling of Castelyn to a documented locative form. [Romanus de Castelyn, 07/2002, R-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.07 | Submitted as Desiree of Colecestra, the submitter requested authenticity for 12th C England in the region of Essex. As the form Colecestra is a Latin form, we have changed the byname to the completely Latin form de Colecestra to meet the submitter's request for authenticity and to comply with RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a single name phrase. [Desiree de Colecestra, 07/2002, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.07 | Submitted as Wolfry� of Leeds, the submitter requested authenticity for "12th century (1350's) England" [sic]. Reaney & Wilson (p. 501 s.n. Woolfrey) date William Wlfry� to 1279, and (p. 275 s.n. Leeds) Hugh de Leedes to 1285. As Wlfry� is used in the cited name as an unmarked patronymic, it is a plausible form for a given name as well. Locative bynames forms using of and de are found in the 14th C, as shown in Reaney & Wilson (p. 321 s.n. Newcastle), which dates Agnes of Newcastle to 1315 and Adam de Newcastle to 1340. Since a locative byname using of is authentic for the submitter's desired time period, we have registered the byname using of rather than de when modifying the name to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Wlfry� of Leedes, 07/2002, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.07 | Listed on the LoI as Catalina Ximena de Villanova y Santa Maria del Cami, this name was submitted as Catalina Ximena Villanova de Santa Maria del Cami and changed at Kingdom. The LoI did not note a reason for the change. The submitter requested authenticity for 15th to 16th C Spanish or Catalan.
Several issues were raised in commentary on this name. This name, as originally submitted, had the form [given name] [given name] [locative] de [compound locative]. As it was comprised of only four name elements (including a compound element), it did not violate the ban on five element names in Spanish established in the LoAR of October 1997. Regarding double given names in Spanish, precedent states, "The use of double given names was unheard of until the end of period." (Elsbeth Anne Roth, LoAR March 2000, p. 4) However, no evidence has been provided and none was found that a person from Santa Maria del Cami would have been known as de Santa Maria del Cami rather than simply as de Santa Maria. The similarly constructed de Santiago de Compostela has been ruled unregisterable:
As the submitter explicitly allowed dropping of del Cami in order to register the name, we have dropped this element. [Catalina Ximena Villanova de Santa Maria, 07/2002, A-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.06 | Listed on the LoI as Suzanne du Soliel, this name was submitted as Suzanne du Soleil. There was some question about the plausibility of the byname du Soleil, 'of the sun'. Clarion found support for this form of the byname:
It is important to note that this entry in Morlet lists Le Soleil as a variant of this placename. Therefore, du Soleil (du being a contraction of de le) is a valid locative byname based on the placename referenced in Morlet. [Suzanne du Soleil, 06/2002, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.06 | Submitted as Æsa in bjard{oe}lska, bjard{oe}lska was submitted as a constructed byname meaning 'woman from Bear-Dale'. Geirr Bassi lists the bynames Bjarneyja- (p. 20) meaning 'Bear Island-', eyverska (p. 21) meaning 'woman from the Orkney Islands', and inn haukd{oe}lski (p. 22) meaning 'man from the Hawk-Dale'. From these examples, and other information found by the College, a byname meaning 'woman from Bear-Dale' would take the form bjarnd{oe}lska or in bjarnd{oe}lska. We have added the missing n to the byname. [Æsa in bjarnd{oe}lska, 06/2002, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.06 | The submitter requested authenticity for Spanish, 1325 to 1575. The LoI noted that the submitter was willing to drop de from the locative byname, if necessary. Clarion provided information regarding the use (and omission) of de in late-period Spanish bynames:
As the submitted form is authentic for the submitter's desired time period, we have registered it unchanged. [Gabriel de Lanzarote, 06/2002, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.06 | Submitted as Melchior der Graowulf, the byname was changed to the form der Grauwulf at kingdom. The LoI noted that the meaning 'Melchior the Gray Wolf' was most important to the submitter. Additionally, the submitter requested authenticity for 14th to 15th C German/Flemish and allowed minor changes. The submitted documentation supports a descriptive byname der Wolf, meaning 'the Wolf', and a locative byname zum grauen Wolf, meaning 'at the Gray Wolf'. This second byname refers to a house name in German, which is similar to examples of a sign name in English. While descriptive bynames based on animals exist in German, no documentation was provided and none was found of a descriptive byname in German that is formed of a color combined with an animal. Lacking such evidence, a name constructed in this manner is not registerable.
Bahlow (p. 620 s.n. Wolf(f)) dates Ortlof der Wolf to 1300 and Elbel Wolf to 1365. This entry also lists (undated) Wei�enwolf 'Whitewolf' and zum grauen Wolf 'at the Gray Wolf' as house names. Brechemacher (p. 829 s.n. Wolf) dates Haus zum Wolf and Zum grauen Wolf to 1460. Therefore, registerable forms of this name include Melchior der Wolf, which uses a descriptive byname meaning 'the Wolf', and Melchior zum grauen Wolf. Given the undated example of Wei�enwolf, combined with the dated examples of zum grauen Wolf, a locative form such as Grauenwolf is also plausible. We would have changed the name to one of these forms in order to register the submitter's name, but changing the byname to any of these forms is a major change, which the submitter does not allow. In the first case, the byname is still a descriptive, but it lacks the element meaning 'gray'. Since dropping that element significantly alters the meaning, look, and sound of the byname, it is a major change. In the second and third examples, the byname retains the element meaning 'gray', but instead of describing Melchior as 'the Gray Wolf', it means that Melchior lives at or is from a place whose name means 'the gray wolf'. Since changing the byname from a descriptive byname to a locative byname significantly affects the meaning, it is a major change. [Melchior der Grauwulf, 06/2002, R-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.05 | Listed on the LoI as Pypa de Tintagel, this name was submitted as Pypa of Tintagel and changed at Kingdom to match typical 14th C forms because the submitter requested authenticity for 14th C English. Locative bynames forms using of and de are found in the 14th C as shown in Reaney & Wilson (p. 321 s.n. Newcastle) which dates Agnes of Newcastle to 1315 and Adam de Newcastle to 1340. Since a locative byname using of is authentic for the submitter's desired time period, we have returned the byname to the submitted form. As we were unable to find a 14th C spelling of Pypa or Tintagel, we were unable to make this name completely authentic for 14th C English. However, since all of the elements are dated to the 13th C, it is an excellent name for that century. [Pypa of Tintagel, 05/2002, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.05 | Listed on the LoI as Richard de la Mont Saint Michel, this name was submitted as Richard de la Mont St. Michel and modified at kingdom because we do not register scribal abbreviations. The LoI noted that "[t]he submitter requested that [this name] be made authentic to 14th century France, but will allow only minor changes and stated that he would like to keep 'de la Mont'. To retain the 'de la Mont', he would be willing to drop the 'Saint Michel' element from the name." Mont is a masculine noun. Because French requires that the modifying article agree in gender with the noun, le, not la, would be used before Mont. Definite articles such as le and la are used in locative bynames that refer to generic locations. A byname using only Mont rather than Mont Saint Michel falls into this category. No evidence was found that definite articles were used in locative bynames that include the proper name of a location, such as Mont Saint Michel. In the case of a locative byname referring to a generic location, examples found in Hercule Geraud, Paris sous Philippe-le-Bel: d'aprés des documents originaux et notamment d'aprés un manuscript contenant Le R�le de la taille imposée sur les habitants de Paris en 1292, show that de le is replaced by du. Therefore, du Mont is grammatically correct, where de la Mont is not. This byname is registerable as du Mont, which refers to a generic location. It is also registerable in the forms de Mont Saint Michel and du Mont Saint Michel, since both de and du were also used to refer to the proper name of a location. As de Mont Saint Michel is closest to the submitted de la Mont St. Michel, we have changed the byname to this form in order to register the name. [Richard de Mont Saint Michel, 05/2002, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.04 | Submitted as Tostig Scelga, no documentation was provided and none was found for unmarked locatives in Old English. We have added atte in order to register this name. [Tostig atte Scelga, 04/2002, A-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.04 | Val du Bois was submitted as a constructed locative intended to mean 'Valley of Woods'. Clarion says of this name, "While Val du Bois is a perfectly legitimate construction, the submitter might want to know about the actual French place name (with a practically identical meaning) Vallerois-le-Bois, dated in Dauzat & Rostaing (s.n. Val) to the 14th century." Additional support for this construction is found in Morlet's Dictionnaire étymologique des noms de famille (p. 948 s.n. Val), which lists Valembois as an undated surname and gives as the name's origin "prob. Val-en-Bois". As the submitted locative is plausible as a placename in period French, it is registerable. We have added de to form the standard locative byname construction in French. [David de Val du Bois, 04/2002, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.04 | Submitted as Lamorak A' Dunsinane, the submitter requested authenticity for an unspecified language / culture and allowed minor changes. The name was changed to Lamorak of Dunsinane at kingdom for lack of documentation of A' used in locative bynames. [Lamorak of Dunsinane, 04/2002, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.04 | Submitted as 'Ijliyah al-Qurtabiyah, the byname was a submitted as a theorized locative byname referring to Cordoba. Juliana de Luna's article "Andalusian Names: Arabs in Spain" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/juliana/andalusia/) lists the feminine form of this locative byname al-Qurtubiyya, dating this name to the time period 700 to 1200. As this provides documentation for this construction, we have the byname to this form, adding the 'h' to match the transliteration system used for the given name. ['Ijliyah al-Qurtubiyyah, 04/2002, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.04 | The submitter requested authenticity for 14th C Byzantine. The College was unable to find a Byzantine form of the byname of Varna, though examples of Byzantine locative bynames were found. Maridonna Benvenuti's article "14th Century Names of Lay Proprietors in the Themes of Thessaloniki and Strymon" (http://www.maridonna.com/onomastics/lay.htm) dates the names Demetrios Doukopoulos to 1300 and Petros Doukopoulos to 1324 and 1327. In these names, -poulos indicates a Peloponnese person. Since examples of locative bynames were found, of Varna may be considered to be a Lingua Anglica translation of the corresponding Byzantine locative byname. [Milica of Varna, 04/2002, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.04 | The constructed locative Blakwode Tor had some problems. Documentation was provided for Blakwode and de Blacwode (from Reaney & Wilson, p. 47 s.n. Blackwood), so of Blakwode is a reasonable byname. Blakwode would mean 'black wood'. The support provided for Tor was a citation for le Tor dated to 1240 in Reaney & Wilson (p. 451, s.n. Torr). However, that entry identifies le Tor as a byname meaning 'the bull'. Therefore, Blakwode Tor would mean 'black wood bull', which does not make sense as a placename. The same entry in Reaney & Wilson dates Robert de Torra to 1182, Martin de la Torre to 1242, and Walter atte Torre to 1296, and gives the meaning of this byname as 'Dweller by the rocky peak or hill'. All of the examples of the locative have two 'r's in the byname and a vowel at the end. A hypothetical Blakwode Torre would mean 'black wood rocky-peak/hill' which also does not form a plausible meaning for a placename in period.
Clarion found the placename Eofede Torr dated to 1323 in Ekwall (s.n. Haytor). Ekwall gives the first element of this name as deriving from a word for 'ivy', so Eofede Torr would mean 'ivy rocky-peak/hill'. Ekwall (p. 47 s.n. Blagdon) dates the form Blakedone to 1242 and gives the meaning as 'black hill'. So, a placename meaning 'black rocky-peak/hill' is reasonable. Given these examples, it would likely take the form Blaktorr or Blaketorr. Registerable forms of this name would not have Blakwode and Tor combined in a placename. For example, some registerable forms are Kaie Tor of Blakwode, Kaie Blakwode le Tor, Kaie Blakwode de la Torre, Kaie Blakwode atte Torre, Kaie of Blakwode, Kaie of Blaktorr, Kaie of Blaketorr, et cetera. Since the form Kaie Tor of Blakwode has all of the submitted elements in it, in the submitted spellings, we have changed the byname to this form in order to register the name. [Kaie Tor of Blakwode, 04/2002, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.04 | Listed on the LoI as Branán de Maigh Tuireadh, the name was submitted as Branán of Moytura and changed at kingdom "per submitter's telephone request to translate it into Irish Gaelic. Consulting herald advised submitter that a patronymic byname would be much more authentic than a locative byname. However, submitter wasn't interested in naming his persona father yet." Locative bynames referring to proper names of specific locations use the unmarked genitive of the placename for the locative byname. Maigh Tuireadh is the nominative form of the name of this location. Muighe Tuireadh is the genitive form. It is found in the Annals of the Four Masters, vol. 5, (http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/G100005E/), entry M1536.12. Therefore, the correct Gaelic form of this name is Branán Muighe Tuireadh. [Branán Muighe Tuireadh, 04/2002, A-Artemisia] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.04 | There was some question regarding whether de Lancray was a plausible construction. Orle found that "Morlet [Dictionnaire étymologique de noms de famille] s.n. Lancret gives it as a variation of Lancray (Nievre) of Montigny-sur-Canne and Lancroy from 1289." This entry also dates the form Lancret to 1689. Given this information, de Lancray is plausible.
The submitter requested authenticity for 14th to 15th C French. As the College found no forms of Lancray dated to her desired time period, and found no examples of the name Constance in French in period, we were unable to make this name authentic for her desired time and culture. [Constance de Lancray, 04/2002, A-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.04 | Submitted as Byrhtwynn aet Cwenengrafa, the submitter requested authenticity for 7th to 9th C Anglo-Saxon and allowed minor changes. The byname was submitted as a constructed locative which the submitter wished to mean 'at Grove of the Women'.
Since the submitter requested authenticity, we have changed the preposition from the transliteration aet to the standard Anglo-Saxon form æt. The submitted Cwenengrafa was constructed from cwen meaning both 'queen' and 'woman' and græfa 'grove'. Anglo-Saxon grammar can be complicated. In this case, small changes result in dramatically different meanings. Metron Ariston provided an explanation of these issues:
The submitter's desired meaning was 'at Grove of the Women'. So, 'women' is plural and 'grove' is singular in her desired meaning. That would match the plural genitive form æt Cwenagræfan provided by Metron Ariston. We have made this change to make the byname match the submitter's desired meaning. Since cwen means both 'queen' and 'woman', this byname also means 'at the women's grove'. [Byrhtwynn æt Cwenagræfan, 04/2002, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.03 | The submitter requested authenticity for 10th to 12th C Irish and allowed minor changes. As submitted, this name combines a Middle Irish Gaelic (c. 900 to c. 1200) given name and an Anglicized Irish locative byname. This construction is registerable, though it is not authentic.
Locative bynames are rare in Gaelic. When they are found, those that refer to the proper name of a specific location use an unmarked genitive construction. Such a construction used in this name would take the form Medb Glinne Da Locha and would mean 'Medb [of] Gleann Da Locha'. However, in the 10th to 12th C, a name such as Medb Glinne Da Locha would have an implied meaning which may not be match the submitter's desires. As rare as locative bynames are in late period, they are even rarer in the years before Anglo-Norman influence affected Gaelic naming practices (which includes the submitter's desired time period). Previous to that point, nearly all of the locative bynames that are recorded refer to an office (usually religious) held by that person. For example, The Annals of Ulster (http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/G100001/), entry U622.5, lists "Coemgin Glinne Da Locha" in the year 622. The Annals of the Four Masters, volume 1, (http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/G100005A/), entry M617.2, refers to the same person as "S. Caoimhghin, abb Glinde Da Locha". This comparison indicates that this 'Coemgin [of] Gleann Da Locha' held the office of abbot of Gleann Da Locha. In more general terms, the connection implied by a byname such as Glinne Da Locha is not that the person lives or was born at that location. Rather it implies that the person is somehow connected to the monastery at Gleann Da Locha, perhaps as a clerk, priest, nun, etc. A byname of this form is not, in and of itself, presumptuous since there are examples of clerks, priests, etc. having bynames of this construction that use of it does not automatically imply the head of the religious house at this location. Since the submitter did not allow major changes, and changing the language of the byname from Anglicized Irish to Gaelic would be a major change, we have registered this name as submitted. [Medb of Glendalough, 03/2002, A-Drachenwald] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.03 | Submitted as Adelaide de Saussay-la-Campagne, the submitter requested authenticity for 11th to 13th C Norman France and allowed any changes. All information found by the College indicates that a locative byname referring to this location would not contain the full name, but would instead simply be de Saussay or du Saussay. Therefore, we have dropped -la-Campagne from the byname to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Adelaide de Saussay, 03/2002, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.03 | Listed on the LoI as Vladimir of Esztergom, this name was submitted as Vladimir of Esztergóm and changed at kingdom to a documentable spelling. The submitter requested authenticity for "Slavic/Rus" and allowed minor changes. Nebuly provided a hypothetical Slavic form of the byname:
As the submitter only allowed minor changes (and changing the language of the byname is a major change), we were unable to change the byname to the form suggested by Nebuly. However, we have changed the spelling of the location to partially meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Vladimir of Eztergom, 03/2002, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.03 | Listed on the LoI as Dugal Nachti, this name was submitted as Dugal Mac Nauchti and changed at kingdom to a form dated to 1480 in Black (p. 624 s.n. Naughty) because no support could be found for the use of Mac with a form of this byname. This entry in Black says that this byname originated as a locative byname. As Mac, meaning 'son', was not used in locative bynames, it makes sense that no evidence was found of the submitted form. This entry in Black also dates the spelling Nauchti to 1531. As this form is closer to the submitted form than Nachti is, we have changed the byname in this submission to that form. [Dugal Nauchti, 03/2002, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.03 | No documentation was provided that de la Mer was a reasonable variant of de la Mere, which the LoI documented from Reaney & Wilson (p. 130 s.n. Delamar). This entry dates Robert de la Mare to 1190 and William de la Mere to 1260. Reaney & Wilson (p. 229 s.n. Marr) also list Roger, James de Mar 1182, 1296; Ralph atte Mar 1297; and William del Marre 1302. Given these variants, de la Mer is a reasonable variant of the more common de la Mere and de la Mare.
The submitter wished the name to mean 'of the sea'. However, all documentation that was submitted or that was found show period forms meaning 'of the pool/marsh'. Mer is listed as a modern subheader in Dauzat & Rostaing (p. 381 s.n. Lametz) with the corresponding period form Mare dated to 1210. Therefore, this name is registerable, though it does not have the meaning desired by the submitter. [Margareta de la Mer, 03/2002, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.03 | The byname na an tEilan Dubh was intended to refer to a location an tEilan Dubh, meaning 'the Black Isle'. No evidence has been found of locative bynames in names in Scottish Gaelic except as part of chiefly titles. Locative bynames are extremely rare in Irish Gaelic. Those based on placenames of relatively small areas, such as a village, town, or barony, are unmarked and in the genitive case. Those based on large regions, including provinces and countries, are almost uniformly adjectival forms. Since an island is a relatively small area, Oiléin Duibh would be an Irish Gaelic locative byname referring to a location named 'Black Island'.
Additionally, this name contains a descriptive byname and a locative byname in Gaelic. No evidence has been found that such a construction is plausible in Gaelic. Lacking such evidence, this combination is not registerable. [Eithne Rannach na an tEilan Dubh, 03/2002, R-Æthelmearc] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.02 | Applecross was submitted as a header form in Johnston. In most cases, header forms are plausible for period and so are registerable. However, precedent (most notably regarding modern forms in Ó Corráin & Maguire) has ruled that header forms which are modern may not be registerable. (This has been handled on a case by case basis.) Johnston (p. 84 s.n. Applecross) dates Aporcrosan to 673, Apuorcrossan to 737, Appillcroce to 1510, and Abilcros to 1515. The early forms are spelled with an 'r' in the second syllable. The 16th C forms are spelled with an 'l' in the second syllable. Even these 16th C spellings do not show the Appl- spelling. Therefore, the submitted spelling Applecross is not a plausible period variant. [Muirgen of Applecross, 02/02, R-Calontir] [Ed.: returned for problems with the locative] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.02 | The submitter's file shows Vakkerfjell documented only as a branch name. No evidence has been provided that a placename would come between a given name and a patronymic in Old Norse. Lacking such documentation, this combination is not registerable. [Thorvaldr Vakkerfjell Thórólfsson, 02/02, R-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.02 | [...] the submitter requested that the Gaelic form of of Cumbrae be used. She also requested authenticity for Scottish/Irish Gaelic language/culture and allows any changes. While locatives (like of Cumbrae) appear in Scots and Anglicized Irish records, their use in Gaelic is quite different. Current research has found no examples of locatives in Scottish Gaelic that are not part of chiefly titles. In Irish Gaelic, locative bynames appear but are vanishingly rare. While a few refer to countries outside of Ireland, none have yet been found that refer to a region outside of Ireland that is smaller than a country. Given this information about locatives in Gaelic, as well as the College being unable to find a Gaelic form of of Cumbrae, we are unable to meet the submitter's request for authenticity for Gaelic. [Jeane of Cumbrae, 02/02, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.02 | Listed on the LoI as Gerhard Geling von Hagen, the form listed the spelling as Gerhard Gelling von Hagen. We have made this correction. The particle von is used with proper nouns such as town names. Hagen is a toponymic (specifically a field name), so von would not be used on its own. Bahlow (p. 203 s.n. Hagen) dates Joh. van dem Hagen to 1253, showing dem is the article used before Hagen. Therefore, we have changed the spelling of the byname to von dem Hagen in order to register the name. [Gerhard Gelling von dem Hagen, 02/02, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.01 | Submitted as Blanka från Disavi, the submitter requested authenticity for Swedish and allowed any changes. No documentation was provided and none was found that från was used in locative bynames in period. We have changed the name to a documented form. [Blanka af Disavi, 01/02, A-Drachenwald] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.01 | Submitted as Stephen de Montfort of Huntington, no evidence was found that a name consisting of two locative bynames, both containing the prepositions de or of, is plausible in English. In cases of English names with what seems to be two locative bynames, the first is almost certainly an inherited surname and the second is a true locative. We have, therefore, dropped de in order to follow this pattern and register the name. [Stephen Montfort of Huntington, 01/02, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.01 | Submitted as Gerhart von Cynnabar, RfS III.1.a requires lingual consistency within a name phrase. The branch name Cynnabar was documented as English when the name was registered in 1983. ...Use of von in conjunction with an SCA group name that is English has previously been ruled unregisterable:
[Ulrich of Rudivale] Submitted as Ulrich von Rudivale, we have changed the [von] to of since the rules require that prepositions must agree in language with the following noun, and Rudivale, which is the client's home group, is English. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR July 1996, p. 13)This submission has the same problem. Therefore, the submitted von Cynnabar is in violation of the linguistic consistency requirement in RfS III.1.a for mixing German and English in a single name phrase. As the submitter allows minor changes, we have changed the particle von to of in order to register this name. This submission raised considerable discussion about the languages of particles that have been registered with group names in the past. Of particular note was discussion regarding the following precedent: [Robert de Cynnabar] Cynnabar is the registered name of an SCA group. Since de was the most common medieval documentary locative preposition in both England and France, the two places where Robert is most likely to be found, we allow him to register the name of an SCA group with it. This was first done with the 11/92 registration of Robert de Cleftlands. (02/97)It was asserted that since de has been registered in conjunction with Cynnabar at that time, von should also be registerable as well. However, in the cases of both Robert de Cynnabar and Robert de Cleftlands, the group names are English. Since there is considerable documentation for use of the particle de in documents written in English, both of the bynames de Cynnabar and de Cleftlands comply with RfS III.1.a and are in a single language, i.e., English. In the recent registration of Lucas de Caid (October 2001), Caid is an acronym and is therefore not documentable in any language. For branch names registered long ago that are not documentable to any particular language (as is the case with Caid), we will treat them as part of the Society's official language, which is English. Therefore, the byname de Caid is treated as an all-English byname and complies with RfS III.1.a. [Gerhart of Cynnabar, 01/02, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.01 | No documentation was presented, nor could the College of Arms find any, that de Santiago de Compostela was used in a locative byname. Previous precedent states:
This name is returned because no documentation can be found for the name de Compostela. People from Santiago de Compostela were known as de Santiago. [Livia Teresa de Compostela, 09/99, R-Atlantia]Lacking documentation that compound forms of placenames like Santiago de Compostela were used in locative bynames, this cannot be registered. [Beatriz de Santiago de Compostela, 01/02, R-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.01 | As Gyory is a locative byname in Hungarian, this name may be registered with the byname preceding the given name. [Gyory Sandor, 01/02, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.01 | There is a precedent concerning aus: It does not appear that aus was used as a locative preposition in period names; the apparent examples in Brechenmacher, Etmologisches Wörterbuch der Deutschen Familiennamen, were long ago shown to be descriptions, not part of the cited names. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR August 1997, p. 23) As no evidence was found at this time to contradict this precedent, aus is still not registerable in a locative byname. We have changed the particle to von in order to register this name. [Theresa von Elp, 01/02, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.12 | The byname vom Weserbogen is a hypothetical byname intended to mean 'from the bend in the Weser river'. No evidence was presented and none was found that -bogen meaning 'bend in river' was used as an element in a compound German place name. The byname von Bogen is dated to 1880 [Ed.: should be 1080] in Kammermaier, Andreas, "Das Kloster Ober Altaich von 1080 bis 1803 und heute" (WWW: Oberalteich online, 1998-2001, http://www.oberalteich.de/geschichte/klosterkirche/index.html). [Falk vom Weserbogen, 12/01, R-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.11 | This name is being returned for lack of documentation of the form of the byname WykeBeck. The submitter requested authenticity for 16th C English and allowed no changes. No documentation was presented nor was any found, that the capital letter in the middle of the locative is a reasonable construction in period. The LoI cited WykeRegis from Ekwall, but that header is actually two words in the source. As such, it does not support the capitalization in the submitted WykeBeck. [Annys of WykeBeck, 11/01, R-Trimaris] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.11 | Listed on the LoI as Adeliza de Harcourt de Saint Valery, the name was originally submitted as Adeliza du Harcourt de Saint Valery. The submitter requested authenticity for 11th C Normandy and allowed any changes. No documentation was presented and none could be found that two locative bynames are a plausible construction. Adeliza de Harcourt or Adeliza de Saint Valery are authentic forms for 11th C Normandy. Reaney & Wilson (s.n. Harcourt) provides an example of de Harcourt dated to 1055. Though we know the town of Saint Valery existed in the 11th C, we did not find any dated examples to give us an indication of what spelling the name would have taken at that time. Therefore, we have dropped de Saint Valery and registered the name as Adeliza de Harcourt, which uses elements all dated to the 11th C. [Adeliza de Harcourt, 11/01, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.11 | There was some question whether the elements combined in WykeBeck are a reasonable combination. Given the multiple forms of Wickford (meaning 'ford by a wych elm' or 'ford by a dairy farm') found by the College, the combination in WykeBeck would mean 'brook by a wych elm' or 'brook by a dairy farm' and seems reasonable. Regarding the submitter's request for authenticity, Bardsley dates the form Wyckham to 1572 (p. 810 s.n. Wickham), and Humphrey Byrkbecke to 1583 (p. 104 s.n. Birkbeck). Given these examples, Annys Wyckbecke would be an authentic form close to her submitted name.[Annys of WykeBeck, 11/01, R-Trimaris] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.11 | ... the particle used with placenames in Italian is da, not di. [Massaria da Cortona, 11/01, A-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.11 | This submission is being returned for lack of documentation of Erbesweald. The LoI documents Earbesweald [sic] as Old English translation-'Herbal Forest'. Not intended to be real location.. No documentation was provided and the College found none that 'Herbal Forest' is a reasonable placename in Old English. Regardless of whether or not the submitted Erbesweald is intended to be a real place, it is included in this name as a placename and so must be documentable as such. Without such evidence, this name is not registerable. [Aethelind of Erbesweald, 11/01, R-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.11 | [crest and keep] The element crest falls into the same category as keep. In both cases, we do not have evidence of that element used in a formal place name in period, though we have evidence of each as a geographical element. Bardsley (p. 216 s.n. Crest) dates both Rogerus del Crest and Johannes del Crest to 1379. Bardsley (p. 441 s.n. Keep) dates William atte Kep to 18 Edw. I, Roger Kep to I Edw. III, and Richard atte Kippe to I Edw. III. Reaney & Wilson (p. 261 s.n. Keep) dates Thomas ate Kepe to 1327 and Roger de Kepe to 1332.
Keep has long been used as part of SCA branch names. The most recent registration is Crossrode Keep, Shire of (registered November 1999 via Ansteorra). This element is effectively regarded as SCA compatible as an element in an English place name. Given the forms in which it has been registered, spellings of the element Keep are registerable both as a separate element (such as Crossrode Keep), and as the final element in a compound place name (such as Northkeep). Registerable spellings include Keep and any alternate spellings which may be documented to period (including those listed above). Similarly, there has been enough interest in the element crest, including as recently as 1999, to rule it SCA compatible in an English place name. Unlike keep, crest is not registerable as a separate element. So, Ravencrest is a registerable placename, though Ravenwood Crest, for example, is not. [Tristan Ravencrest, 11/01, A-Æthelmearc] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.11 | Submitted as Ekaterina ów Pultusk, no documentation was provided and none was found for the locative byname form ów Pultusk in Polish. Therefore, we have changed it to the form Pultuska, a byname which refers to a woman from Pultusk. [Ekaterina Pultuska, 11/01, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.10 | Submitted as Roberto di Lupo del Nord, the byname del Nord was intended to be a locative byname meaning 'of the north'. The LoI referenced the period byname d'Este. The submitter presumably believes that d'Este means 'from the east'. Instead it means 'from [the town of] Este', referring to a period town. As such, no documentation has been provided, and none has been found, that a locative byname referring to a cardinal direction is reasonable in Italian. Barring such documentation, such a byname is not registerable. We have dropped del Nord in order to register this name. [Roberto di Lupo, 10/01, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.10 | Submitted as Marquet de la Hyet, we have dropped the definite article la. Since Hyet is a French placename, it is a proper noun and the definite article la ("the") is out of place. Definite articles are only used in locative bynames that refer to generic locations. For example, the definite article la is included in the byname de la fontainne 'of the fountain', which appears in Colm Dubh's article "An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris". [Marquet de Hyet, 10/01, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.10 | Submitted as Diederic van Flandres, the support for van Flandres is from an Academy of Saint Gabriel letter (client #1295). Nebuly was one of the contributors to this letter and has found a mistake in how the notation in that source was originally interpreted. As such, van Flandres is a combination of two languages which violates RfS III.1.a, and so is not registerable. Nebuly writes:
The byname van Flandres is problematic since van is a Dutch preposition while Flandres is a French spelling. Under RfS III.1.a. this should be returned for mixing two languages in a single phrase. The simplest way to correct this is to make the byname entirely French as de Flandres. The most likely Dutch form is Vlaminck, with no preposition (Luana de Grood, 1594).Additionally, evidence has been found of the singular Flandre in French bynames rather than the plural Flandres. Changing van Flandres to de Flandre is a smaller change than changing van Flandres to Vlaminck. Since the submitter did not note any preferences on his forms regarding language/culture, we have made the smaller change in order to register this name. [Diederic de Flandre, 10/01, A-Æthelmearc] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.10 | Submitted as Banujah al-Marrakeshi, al-Marrakeshi is the masculine form of this byname and cannot be used with a feminine given name. We have changed the byname to the feminine form. [Banujah al-Marrakeshiyyah, 10/01, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.10 | Submitted as Derdriu de Dubhglas, the byname combined the Gaelic Dubhglas with the non-Gaelic de in a single name phrase. This violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a single name phrase. We have changed the byname to a completely Scots form to resolve this issue.
The submitter intended the name to mean "Stormy Dark Water". No documentation has been presented nor was any found by the College that this name has her desired meaning. [Derdriu de Duglas, 10/01, A-Trimaris] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.10 | Submitted as Arthur de Pembridge, the submitter requested authenticity for 1375 English. No spellings of Pembridge spelled -dg were found in period. To meet the submitter's request for authenticity, we have changed the spelling to Pennebrygg which Gage found dated to 1401. [Arthur de Pennebrygg, 10/01, A-Drachenwald] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.10 | Since de was used regularly in 16th C England with English placenames, de Caid is as registerable as of Caid. [Lucas de Caid, 10/01, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.10 | The submitter requested authenticity for Venetian language/culture. Katharine is not found in Italian. The authentic form of this name would be Catarina da Carrara. However, since the submitter did not allow major changes, we were unable to make this name authentic. [Katharine da Carrara, 10/01, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.09/TD> | Submitted as Marie Suzanne von Westphalia, the byname combines a German particle with the English form of a place name (the German spelling is Westphalen). As RfS III.1.a requires all elements of a name phrase (the byname von Westphalia in this case) to be in a single language, this byname needed to be changed to either the all German form von Westphalen or the all English form of Westphalia. [Marie Suzanne of Westphalia, 09/01, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.09 | Submitted as Beatrice Lindsay MacBean, the submitter requested authenticity for "any" time period. Lindsay is a locative byname. All examples of multiple bynames in Scots found by the College have the patronymic byname (or inherited surname) before the locative byname. Therefore, lacking evidence that a locative byname would precede the patronymic in Scots, that byname order is not registerable. Authentic forms of this name would be Beatrice Lindsay, Beatrice de Lindsay, Beatrice MacBean, or Beatrice MacBean de Lindsay. As the last option is the closest to her submitted name, we have made this change. [Beatrice MacBean de Lindsay, 09/01, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.09 | Submitted as Angus Stormsbrooke, there was some question about the plausibility of the byname Stormsbrooke, since Storm was documented only as a hypothetical given name. Reaney and Wilson (p. 433 s.n. Sturmey) dates Sturmi to temp. Henry II as a masculine given name. As such, a placename of Sturmisbroke is reasonable. [Angus Sturmisbroke, 09/01, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.09 | The sum total of the submitted documentation for the byname of Gresewode was "Gresewode is a plausible placename from Ekwall". This is woefully inadequate. No evidence was given as to why kingdom believes Gresewode is a plausible placename. At the very least, the examples that kingdom believes support the byname in Ekwall should have been listed. The College of Arms searched Ekwall, Mills, and other sources looking for support for this placename. All of the placenames that we were able to find that had spellings similar to Grese- meant either 'grassy' or 'gravelly'. We were able to find neither of these meanings combined with a word that refers to a 'wood' or 'forest'. As such, the two elements do not seem to be compatible. Therefore, we are returning this name for lack of documentation of the byname of Gresewode. [Robert of Gresewode, 09/01, R-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.09 | The problem with this name was best summarized by Kraken, "No evidence has been presented that -fern is an acceptable deuterotheme in constructing a place name; the reference to Fern Down uses it as a pseudo-protheme."
Therefore, we have no support for fern used in an English placename except as the initial element. As such, Bentfern is not a plausible placename. [Malissa of Bentfern, 09/01, R-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.09 | Submitted as Michelina Cenomani da Trento, Cenomani is documented as the name of a Roman-era Celtic tribe. No evidence was provided that the name of a Celtic tribe would have been used in a personal name. Even if such a construction is plausible, this name has two weirdnesses: one for lingual mix and one for temporal disparity.
The name of Le Mans in France is derived from the name of this tribe. Richard Le Mans (d. 1552/3 in Chartres) is found referred to in the Latinized form Richardus Cenomagus. It is plausible that a feminine form of Cenomagus could have existed. However, using a hypothetical feminine form of Cenomagus in this name would give this name two locative bynames, which is not documented. Therefore, we are dropping the problematic element in order to register the name. [Michelina da Trento, 09/01, A-Æthelmearc] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.09 | Submitted as Daniel de Bourdon, the name was documented from Reaney & Wilson (pp. 71-71 s.n. Burden). This entry describes names derived from four different origins. Bourdon forms derive from patronymic, descriptive, or occupational bynames. None of these types of bynames would take the particle de. Burdon forms derive from a locative byname referring to any of three locations in England. All dated forms of these locative bynames are spelled Bur-. As changing Bourdon to Burdon is a smaller change than dropping the particle de, we have made this spelling change in order to register this name. [Daniel de Burdon, 09/01, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.09 | Submitted as Dirk van het Muiderslot, slot is the Dutch word for 'castle'. While the castle is called Muiderslot or Slot Muider in Dutch, no evidence was found for including slot in a locative byname. The article het is not appropriate without the 'castle' component. With the appropriate grammatical changes after the preposition, the most likely form for a personal name would be Dirk van Muiden. [Dirk van Muiden, 09/01, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.09 | Documentation was provided with this submission for locative bynames referring to rivers in Russian. The locative byname of the Kuma is therefore registerable via the Lingua Anglica allowance. [Mikhail of the Kuma, 09/01, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.09 | Submitted as Istvan Buda, the submitter requested authenticity for Hungarian language/culture and allowed any changes. He noted in his documentation that he intended Buda to refer to the capital of Hungary in the 15th C. The name is registerable in the submitted form, but a byname Buda would mean that his father was named Buda. A man from the city of Buda would have the locative byname Budai. Nebuly states,
[T]he Hungarian language would normally put an adjective first, personal names seem to be an unusual case in period documents, with either name element being recorded first. Based on this, Laurel precedent allows either name element to be registered first, except when the byname is an unmarked patronym.Therefore, Istvan Budai and Budai Istvan are authentic forms of this name. Since the submitted order is authentic, we have left the given name first. [Istvan Budai, 09/01, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.08/TD> | Submitted as Swanesdæl, this element violates RfS III.1.a since it combines the Middle English Swanes- with the Old English -dæl, combining two incompatible elements in the same placename. [Edith of Swanesdale, 08/01, A-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.08 | [di Ferrara] ... da is used with a placename in Italian, not di. [Camilla Fante da Ferrara, 08/01, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2001.08 | Submitted as Christina of County Cork, no documentation was provided for the use of County in a personal byname, nor did the College find any. [Christina of Cork, 08/01, A-Atenveldt] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2001.07 | Submitted as Margaret of Catteshull in Meriden, no documentation was provided for using two locative bynames in this manner, or for a locative byname derived from a complex place name like Catteshull in Meriden. We have changed the first byname to an inherited surname. [Margaret Catteshull of Meriden, 07/01, A-Atlantia] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2001.07 | Submitted as Donnchad na Atholl, the byname had a Gaelic locative particle with an Anglicized place name. Since each name element must be consistent with a single language, we have dropped the particle. [Donnchad Atholl, 07/01, A-Calontir] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2001.07 | Submitted as Morwenna teg y Caernarvon, no documentation was provided for the article y (the) in the locative byname. We have dropped it. [Morwenna teg Caernarvon, 07/01, A-Atenveldt] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2001.05 | Submitted as Gottfried aus Mainz, no documentation was provided for the non-standard locative particle. We have therefore changed it to the common one. [Gottfried von Mainz, 05/01, A-Atlantia] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.11 | Submitted as Robert of the Quill, no documentation was provided for the byname. However, as Argent Snail notes, the OED dates the word quill to 1412, although as a part of a reed instead of the meaning we are now used to. As a feather, the OED dates it to 1552. They also date the word to 1610 as a heraldic charge from Guilliam (a quill of yarn). Inn signs were frequently based on heraldic charges, and we have changed the byname accordingly. [Robert atte Quill, 11/00, A-East] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.10 | Submitted as Pasche Starling of Mayfair, the byname had a problem. In the June 1999 return of Kerri Stirling of Mayfaire Laurel wrote:
No documentation was presented, and none could be found for Mayfaire as a period place. Without such documentation the name cannot be registered. We would have dropped it in order to register the rest of the name, but the submitter did not allow major changes, and dropping an element such as Mayfaire is a major change. Therefore, we are returning it.No such documentation was provided this time either, so we have dropped the element. [Pasche Starling, 10/00, A-Artemisia] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.10 | Submitted as David Warren Rufier of Monmouth, the name has a given name, two unmarked patronymic bynames (Warren and Rufier) and a locative byname. This kind of construction does not follow known period naming practices � a double surname where both were derived from given names and a locative byname is quite unlikely. However, according to Dauzat, Dictionnaire étymologique des noms de famille et des prénoms de France, the name Rouffier may come from a descriptive byname meaning 'scab'. We have, therefore, changed Rufier to the similar-sounding Rouffier so that the name is composed of a given name followed by a patronymic, descriptive and locative byname. This combination, while uncommon, is registerable. [David Warren Rouffier of Monmouth, 10/00, A-Trimaris] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.07 | [Kegs End] Submitted as Keg's End, Smith, English Place-Name Elements, under ende lists Sewards End. Forming a hypothetical place name in the form <surname>s + End seems therefore reasonable. We have, however, removed the apostrophe, to conform with period usage. [Briged O'Daire, 07/00, A-Atenveldt] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.06 | Submitted as Silka of the Lost Woods, there was no evidence that the Lost Woods would be a reasonable place name. However, Ekwall (s.n. Lostwithiel) dates Lostwetell to 1194 and Lostwhidiel to 1269 and says of this name "The name goes with Witheil SW. of Bodmin ... and Lostwithiel would be 'the end (lit. the tail) of Withiel'. Co lost means 'a tail'." Lostwode would thus seem a plausible hypothetical place name, although with a different meaning than intended. [Silka of Lostwode, 06/00, A-Calontir] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.06 | No documentation was provided to demonstrate that Wyvernskeep is a reasonably constructed placename. The College could not provide such evidence either. [Edward of Wyvernskeep, 06/00, R-Calontir] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.06 | [Hilderun zu dem Alpenwald] Submitted as Hilderun aus dem Alpenwald, she requested an authentic German name. We have therefore changed the preposition aus, widely used in the Society but rarely if ever used in period, to the documented and widely used zu. [Aline le Fey, 06/00, A-Caid] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.06 | While no hard evidence was supplied that the name of Palestine � as opposed to the place itself � is period, Kenneth Nebenzahl, Maps of the Holy Land, has several 16th century maps showing the Latin form Palestina. [Michael of Palestine, 06/00, A-Calontir] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.04 | Submitted under the name Elisabeth Johanna von der Flossenburg, von der appears to have been used with common names and von with proper names; it is rather similar to the English distinction between of and of the. As Flossenburg is a proper name, we have to agree with the earlier return. [Elisabeth Johanna von Flossenburg, 04/00, A-Æthelmearc] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.04 | Submitted as Lupo del Luna, del can only be used with a masculine noun. Furthermore, no documentation was given for the formation of the moon; however, Luna is a period place in Spain, so we dropped the article to make de Luna. [Lupo de Luna, 04/00, A-Middle] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.03 | No documentation was provided, nor could any be found, proving that Camelos was a place name. Reaney, Origin of English Placenames, states that Camulos was the name of a deity and the related place name was Camulodunum. Robert Colchester (the English form of the place name) would be a great medieval name. [Robert Camulos Brigantius, 03/00, R-Caid] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.03 | Submitted as Catalina del Sol de Oro, no evidence was given, and none could be found, to show that "of the Golden Sun" is a valid byname in Spanish. The letter of intent suggested that it might be based on an inn name, but we know of no examples of an inn name being used as a byname in Spanish either. Given the dated example Oro Sol in the 13th century, one of the submitter's specifically requested alternates, Catalina Oro Sol, is possible as a name of the form <given name> <given name> <unmarked metronymic>. The submitter also requested an authentic name for 14th-16th century Spain or Portugal. We doubt that the name is authentic as the use of double given names was unheard of until the end of period and we have no citation of Oro or Sol at that time. Catalina Sol would be a reasonably authentic 13th century Spanish name. [Catalina Oro Sol, 03/00, A-Caid] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 2000.02 | [Dragonhurst] No evidence was supplied that Dragon- was a period element in placenames. Drakehurst would be significantly more authentic. Nevertheless, a cursory search found over 30 SCA names with Dragon-<X> as locatives. Therefore Dragonhurst is SCA compatible. [Anne of Dragonhurst, 02/00, A-Middle] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.12 | Submitted as Bronwen Gwehyddes y Anglesey, ... Welsh names rarely used locatives in their names, ... we have dropped the preposition as there is no evidence that it would be appropriate in either Welsh or English. [Bronwen Gwehyddes Anglesey, 12/99, A-Atenveldt] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.11 | Reaney and Wilson, Dictionary of English Surnames lists examples of de la/del North<object>; for example, they list a William de la Northalle in 1280 and a Henry del Northeclif in 1307. Therefore we will allow the article in the name. [Paulina of the Northwood, 11/99, A-Trimaris] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.11 | [Gwendolyn of the Isle of Wight] No evidence was given to show that of the Isle of Wight, as opposed to of Wight was a reasonable form of the locative. The locative itself is dated to 1332 in Reaney and Wilson, Dictionary of English Names in the form de Wight. [Gwendolyn of the Isle of Wight, 11/99, R-Meridies] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.10 | We were unable to find any evidence for Schöll as anything but an element used in parts of other names, although Bahlow, A Dictionary of German Names, does list the name Scholle in 1207. Furthermore, we were unable to find any evidence that the German form of Franconia could have been Frankonia instead of Franken. [Cunradt Schöll von Frankonia, 10/99, R-Atlantia] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.10 | Submitted as Anastasia of Whispering Oaks, no evidence was presented, nor was any found, that Whispering is an adjective used in place names in period. [Anastasia of the Oaks, 10/99, A-East] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.10 | ... we would need to see documentation showing that Locks can be used with the preposition of. [DeWayne of Locks, 10/99, R-Calontir] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.10 | Submitted as Dorian of Whispering Oaks, the submitter's source apparently changed the Greek names into similar English names. No other documentation for the use of Dorian in period could be found. We therefore substituted its Italian form, Dorio. Furthermore, no evidence was presented, nor was any found, that Whispering is an adjectbive used in place names in period. Therefore, that element was dropped. [Dorio of the Oaks, 10/99, A-East] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.10 | In all known period examples of multiple surnames consisting of a patronymic and a locative, the patronymic invariably appears before the locative. [Juan Lázaro Ramirez Xavier, 10/99, A-East] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.10 | Submitted as Damaris St. Cloud, we do not register scribal abbreviations. [Damaris Saint Cloud, 10/99, A-Atenveldt] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.10 | [Foxrun] No evidence was provided, and no one could find any, that -run is a reasonable terminal element to combine with Fox-. The element -run does not refer to where something runs or is hunted. [Mirabel of Foxrun, 10/99, R-East] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.09 | This name is returned because no documentation can be found for the name de Compostela. People from Santiago de Compostela were known as de Santiago. [Livia Teresa de Compostela, 09/99, R-Atlantia] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.08 | No one could come up with reasonable justification for this as a place name, and some commenters were bothered by the connotation of "Red Light District." [Luminaire Rouge, Canton de la, 08/99, R-Caid] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.08 | No one was able to find documentation that -rest was used as an element in place names. [see LoAR for complete discussion of hypothetical use of "rest"] [Dragon's Rest, Shire of, 08/99, R-Artemisia] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.08 | No evidence was given to show that a locative taken from a river name is a valid byname in either Norse or Russian. [Bjorn of the Kuma, 08/99, R-Caid] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.08 | Avalon is acceptable only because there is a place in France named Avallon; the place from Arthurian legend is not a reasonable place to be from. [Rowena of Avalon, 08/99, A-Artemisia] |
| Elsbeth Anne Roth | 1999.07 | The preposition was changed from di to da, which is the appropriate preposition for locatives. [Ermellina da Urbino, 07/99, A-East] |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1999.06 | [Catalana della Quercia] The LoI stated "della Quercia is dated to 1374 from Encarta Online (http://encarta.msn.com)." This is not adequate documentation for an LoI. Evidence that it was used as a name is required. As the Administrative Handbook states "A summary of all supporting evidence provided for the submission must be included on the letter of intent." This is so the entire College, not just Laurel, can evaluate it. While we are accepting it this time, it is with a warning that in the future the Laurel office may not be so forgiving. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR June 1999, p. 5) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1999.04 | [Ashlynn Blackhart] Found on the LoI as Ashlynn Blackheart it was originally submitted as Aislynn Blackhart, and changed in kingdom. Since Blackhart could be an inn sign it is registerable. Therefore we have restored the byname to the originally submitted form. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR April 1999, p. 1) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1999.04 | [Günther Klör von Gurk] The only documentation for Gurk was as the name of a river, and no documentation was presented for using von with a river name. [The submission was returned.] (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR April 1999, p. 17) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1999.04 | [Shaun of the Forrest] Submitted as Shaun of the Vert Forest, no documentation was presented for vert as a modifier for forest. We have eliminated it in order to register the name. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR April 1999, p. 3) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1999.04 | [Uther vom Schwartzwald] Submitted as Uther von Schwartzwald, the Schwartzwald takes von dem which becomes vom, not von. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR April 1999, p. 11) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.12 | [Bianca da Ravenna] Submitted as Bianca di Ravenna, Ravenna is a place. When using a placename in Italian, da is used, as in Leonardo da Vinci. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR December 1998, p. 3) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.12 | [Tsivia bas Tamara v'Amberview. Name change from Tsivia bas Tamara of Amberview] The submitter wished to use the Hebrew v rather than the English of. There are two problems with this. First, according to RfS III.1.a each name phrase must be entire in the same language or in a language with an English connective such as of or the. Unless Amberview can be documented as Hebrew, it cannot be combined with Hebrew. Second, no documentation was presented for v being Hebrew for of. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR December 1998, p. 19) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.11 | [Elisabeth Johanna von der Flossenburg] Flossennburg is a castle .... At the foot of the castle is a town by the name of Flossenburg. The submitter wanted the der in the name to show that she was from the castle, and not the town. However, to the best of our knowledge, medieval German did not distinguish in that manner, so barring documentation to that effect, the der must go. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR November 1998, p. 15) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.09 | [Adeleva de Isla Tortuga] Submitted as Adeleva de Casa Tortuga, no documentation was presented and none could be found for that form, therefore we have changed it to a documented place. [9/98] (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR September 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.09 | [Adriana O'Connor of Castlereagh] Submitted as Adriana O'Connor of Castlereigh, the place name is actually Castlereagh in English from the Irish Caisleán Riabhach meaning "grey castle" (Room, Dictionary of Irish Place Names, p. 35 and O'Connell, The Meaning of Irish Place Names, p. 22). We have made the appropriate change. [9/98] (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR September 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.09 | [Labhran mac Iain Ghlinne na Guineach] Submitted as Labhriumm Mac Iain Gleann na Guineach, � The place name means "Glen of the Gunn folk". Na Guineach is a feminine genitive with the usual feminine genitive article. However, Gleann is a nomina with locatives included in Calder (Gaelic Grammar, p141), it should be placed in the genitive (genitive of origin) and lenited: Ghlinne na Guineach. Thus the name as a whole should be Labhran mac Iain Ghlinne na Guineach. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR September 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.09 | [Marcello Antonio Cattarossi da San Marco] Submitted as Marcello Antonio Cattarossi di San Marco, the correct form for the locative is da, not di. We have made the appropriate change. [9/98] (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR September 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.09 | [Stefan de Bâle] Found on the LoI as Stefan de Basle, it was originally submitted as Stefan de Bâle, and changed in kingdom because they did not think the use of a circumflex was period.
However, according to Metron Aristron: "The use of a line over a vowel to indicate the loss of a following consonant or consonants is fairly ancient, appearing regularly in period manuscripts in the vernacular as early as the eleventh century and much earlier in Latin sources. " Therefore, we have returned it to the originally submitted form. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR September 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.08 | [Arrianna da Donnici] Submitted as Arrianna li Donnici, Donnici is a place. Therefore, in Italian it takes da not li. We have made the appropriate correction. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR August 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.08 | [Brand Glendower] Submitted as Brand ap Glynd_r, ap is not used with a placename so we have removed it. Furthermore, we have changed the spelling of the placename to Glendower to match the given name. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR August 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.08 | [Caitlin of Drogheda] Submitted as Caitlin OÆDrogheda, the given name has been previously ruled as requiring an Irish byname. The preposition "oÆ" here, while it emulates the patronymic particle, is actually an abbreviated form of English "of". We have changed it to Caitlin of Drogheda under the lingua Anglica allowance for place names since Drogheda is the English form of the placename. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR August 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.08 | [Ileana Welgy] Submitted as Völgységi Ilona, the client wanted the appropriate Hungarian for Ileana of the Valley. Kázmér's Régi Magyar Családnevek Szótára: XIV-XVII Század", Magyar Nyelvtudományi Társaság gives Völgyi as the modern form for of the valley, but this spelling does not appear before 1720. The best period form appears to be Welgy, dated to 1448 and 1551. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR August 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.08 | [Myfanwy of Cairnryan] Note: the byname is grandfathered to her as it is the registered byname of her mother. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR August 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.08 | [Raffaella da Monza] Submitted as Raffaella de Monza, in Italian da is used to say of a place. We have made the appropriate correction. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR August 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.07 | [Bjorn of the Woode Pyle] While the submitter documents the terms Woode Pyle as a period term, there is no documentation that it was used in a name. Since there is no reason to think that name were formed from places of this sort, barring documentation this will have to be returned. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR, July 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.07 | [Geoffrey of Saint-Denis] Please inform the submitter using de instead of using of would be much better. [Name was registered.] (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR July 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.07 | [István Valkai] Submitted as István of Vukovar, the client requested that the name be corrected for the indicated language. The following documentation was provided by Walraven van Nijmegen:
My copy of "Decreta Regni Hungariae: 1458-1490" by Georgius Bønis et al. includes two official documents from the late 15th century identifying the region as "Walko" (p.201, 240), suggesting that the most commonly used name for the region was still "Walko" in late period. Though "Vukovár" is indeed the modern Hungarian name for this region, there does not appear to be a Hungarian locative (period or modern) derived from this spelling. Rather, the locative byname derives from the older form "Walko" and occurs in an array of spelling variants from 1418 on. By far, the most common period spellings are "Walkay"and "Valkay", and the modern form "Valkai" which first appears in 1573. We have corrected the locative to the form closest to the form submitted. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR July 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.06 | [Annis at Roseberry] Submitted as Annis atte Roseberry, atte is used with generic placenames such as wood or water. We have changed this to the closest documentable form. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR, June 1998) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.02 | [Elspeth Glendonwyn of Kirkaldy] Found on the LoI as Elspeth Glendonwen of Kirkaldy, it was originally submitted as Elspeth Glendonwyn of Kirkaldy, and changed in kingdom. Since Glendonwyn is a geographic surname, and purely geographic surnames, unlike personal descriptives, do not modify for gender, we have changed it back to the form originally submitted. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR February 1998, p. 7) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1998.01 | [Robert John of Cedar Wood] Intercapitalization is not a period spelling custom. We have made the locative two words to keep the capitalization which is important to the submitter. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR January 1998, p. 9) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.10 | [returning Llewelyn de Granville of Gwent (Known as Cadno)] The two locatives are a serious anomaly. Locatives are pretty rare in Welsh names in the first place and we have yet to find a single example of a double locative. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR October 1997, p. 12) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.09 | The preposition o is not normally found with proper names of places in Welsh names. On the other hand, it should be noted that in written records, the Latin preposition de more often than not is -- at least in the medieval period. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR September 1997, p. 12) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.08 | [Ceridwen Eurgledde ferch Owain] Submitted as Ceridwen o'r Eurgledde ferch Owain, the element o'r isn't a preposition; it's a contraction of the preposition o and the definite article, yr. However, it appears on p. 26 of Harpy's (Heather Rose Jones) Compleat Anachronist only in the context of topographical locative bynames with generic nouns, e.g., o'r glyn `of the valley'. Eurgledde `golden sword' is a completely different sort of byname, the type discussed on p. 27 under the heading Descriptive Bynames. Therefore, we have deleted the unnecessary element. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR August 1997, pp. 4-5) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.08 | [Dëordaeg av Dunnon] This name is being returned for non-period style. It combines an unattested Old English forename of unknown gender, complete with modern editorial diacritic marking, a modern Norwegian preposition, and an atypical 13th c. spelling of a Scottish place-name. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR August 1997, p. 22) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.08 | It does not appear that aus was used as a locative preposition in period names; the apparent examples in Brechenmacher, Etmologisches Wörterbuch der Deutschen Familiennamen, were long ago shown to be descriptions, not part of the cited names. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR August 1997, p. 23) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.07 | [registering Sylvana Evelune de Aneslea] Submitted as Sylvana Evangeline of Ansley Keep, [...] There is no evidence for keep in period place�names; we have changed the place name to the closest period form. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR July 1997, p. 7) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.07 | [returning Armando de la Rama de Mil Ojos] This submission ... translates the name of his group into Spanish. Names of registered extant SCA groups are only automatically registerable in the language in which they are actually registered. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR July 1997, p. 15) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.07 | During our period, Lorrain is locative, meaning `of or from Lorraine', and not a given name. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR July 1997, p. 19) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.07 | The byname is Mongolian for Thousand Eyes, which is also the name of the submitter's Barony. Normally we do not register translations of SCA group names. However, the submitter has provided documentation that this follows period Mongolian practice; there was a Mongol chieftain in the court of Kubla Khan whose byname was Hundred Eyes. Since the byname follows documented Mongolian practice it is acceptable. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR July 1997, p. 7) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.05 | [registering Branwen Brynglas] Submitted as Branwen o Bryn-glas, the place name was incorrectly constructed. We have corrected this. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR May 1997) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.04 | Benevento is a place name, and therefore in Italian takes "da" the standard Italian locative preposition, not "de". (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR April 1997, p. 3) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.02 | In Italian the standard locative preposition is da. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR February 1997, p. 16) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.01 | [changing the byname atte Loncastre] [Franbald of Loncastre] The word atte is a ME contraction of at and the. It is normally used with topographical locatives, e.g., atte Brigge `at the bridge'. The contraction is inappropriate with a toponym (proper noun place-name): one wouldn't say 'at the Lancaster', for example. Therefore, we have changed it to of. Other possible forms include Franbald æt Loncæstere, if he wants an Old English name from c. 900. By the end of the 10th c. it would probably become Franbald æt Loncastre. The normal English usage would be Frambald of Loncastre, though in documentary use of would probably become de. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR January 1997, p. 3) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.01 | Submitted as Arabella di Siena we have changed the di to da. The normal Italian locative preposition is da; di, at least in standard Italian, indicates a patronymic. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR January 1997, p. 3) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1997.01 | Submitted as Ceridwen of the Wilds, there was no documentation for the plural. Therefore, we have substituted the documented singular form. The form atte Wilde would be much more typical. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR January 1997, p. 10) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1996.12 | Submitted as Brianna Fey of Whitewolfe, no documentation was provided for the "of Whitewolfe" except to say that it was a nickname that has been previously registered. "Of Whitewolfe" is inappropriate because Whitewolfe is an epithet. Reaney and Wilson p. 486 show many combinations of White+animal under Whitebuck on p. 486. Most or all are domesticated animals, but extending this pattern to wild animals does not seem unlikely. Therefore, we have dropped the of in order to register the rest of the name. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR December 1996, p. 4) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1996.10 | [registering James le Hauke of Stirling] (James le Hauke of Stirling) Submitted as James le Hauke of Stirling Keep, we have dropped the term keep which was not used in this way in period. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR October 1996, p. 6) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1996.08 | [registering Uto von den Sümpfen] While the name "of the swamps" seems unlikely, there are areas where more than one swamp abounds, so it is possible. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR August 1996, p. 4) |
| Jaelle of Armida | 1996.07 | Submitted as Ulrich von Rudivale, we have changed the to [to] of since the rules require that prepositions must agree in language with the following noun, and Rudivale, which is the client's home group, is English. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR July 1996, p. 13) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1996.06 | [registering the locative of Huntingdon Loxley] There are many period English place-names of this type, i.e., a place- name followed (and modified) by another. Sometimes the second place-name is just that, as in Kirkby Laythorpe (Kirkeby Leylthorp 1316), which apparently combined earlier communities of Kirkby and Laythorpe; in other cases, like that of Farleigh Hungerford (Farlegh Hungerford 1404), an apparent second place-name is actual the surname of an early owner. On either basis Huntingdon Loxley is a possible 13th century place-name. (Anne of Huntingdon Loxley, 6/96 p. 6) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1996.06 | The locative was submitted as of the Broken Tower, a form that seems to owe more to fantasy than to history. The syntax is atypical for a topographical byname, no evidence is adduced to support idiomatic use of broken in this sense, and tower is a 16th century spelling in a byname of a type that is rare after c.1400. We agree with Black Dove that this is least implausible if interpreted as a sign (or inn) name, though such bynames are rare in English usage. We have therefore adjusted the preposition to match the documented examples of such bynames and used a spelling contemporary with this type of name. (Marion atte Broken Towre, 6/96 p. 7) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1996.05 | [registering the byname of the Thornes] By far the most frequent English preposition in topographical bynames is atte, though other locative prepositions are also found (e.g., by, in, under). However, we have found a few topographical bynames uncharacteristically formed with othe and recently even a very few with the uncontracted form of the. Much as we dislike reïnforcing the widespread misconception, fed by modern fantasy, that of the X is a standard sort of mediæval English byname, these examples do justify the submitted form. (Possible 15th and 16th century alternatives with a similar sound are A'Thornes and A Thornes, from the usual mediæval atte Thornes.) We note, however, that we have not found any examples of non-topographical bynames of the form of the X; apart from sign names, which use atte, the period construction is with the X (in various spellings). (Rowena of the Thornes, 5/96 p. 2) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.11 | [returning Vairocana Belnon of Uddiyana] There are several problems with this name. First, the documentation is insufficient to show that it is formed according to Tibetan practice or even that Vairocana is Tibetan. Uddiyâna (with a dot under each d) was apparently a land `famous for its magicians'; the context doesn't make it clear whether this was a real or merely a legendary place but does show that it was not Tibetan. More important, significant interaction between Tibet and pre-seventeenth century Western culture has not been demonstrated. The Encyclopædia Britannica dates the first visits to Tibet by Western missionaries to the 17th century, and the fact that the 8th century Tibetan kingdom had some contact with the Arab conquerors of Iran still leaves Tibetans at least two removes from Western Europe. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR November 1995, p. 16) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.10 | [registering the locative of Ragnars Rock] There should be no confusion with Ragnarök; it is not a place and therefore could not appear in a locative byname. (Ragnar of Ragnars Rock, 10/95 p. 4) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.10 | [returning the byname de la Rama Caida] Most of those who commented on the byname, which means `of the fallen branch', found it implausible, and in fact it departs from available models of period Spanish bynames in both form and meaning. In the available period examples of the form de <article> <object>, the object of the preposition is an unmodified noun. Moreover, such bynames seem to correspond semantically to Middle English bynames with atte and with the: de la Puente and atte Brigge `at the bridge'; de los Mulos `of the mules' and Withehounds `with the hounds' (occupational, for a handler); de la Calza `of the hose' and Wythemantel `with the cloak'; and de illa Fornera `of the (female) baker' (for a son, servant, or husband) and atte Maydenes (for a servant of the maidens). Fallen branches are both ordinary and ephemeral; it is hard to see how anyone would have come to be known either for having a noteworthy fallen branch (`with the fallen branch') or for living near one (`at the fallen branch'). (Armando de la Rama Caida, 10/95 p. 16) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1995.10 | [returning the byname de la Rama Caida] Perhaps la Rama Caída can be justified as the name of an establishment; but at present we have no evidence for Spanish use of sign names, let alone their nature. (Armando de la Rama Caida, 10/95 p. 16) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.12 | [Crispin d'Arden] All the evidence found by any of the commenters was that in the British Isles the "e" in "de" was not elided in the same way it was in France. The evidence shows that the byname would either have been de Arden or possibly (on the model of "de Arraz" and "Darraz") Darden. [The name was returned.] (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR December 1994, p. 13) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.11 | Submitted as [N] Garthloch, that form combines Old Norse garthr with Gaelic loch in a single element, which is impermissible here. We have substituted a documented Scottish placename which is extremely close to the submitted form and the elements of which appear in the submitter's documentation. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR November 1994, p. 8) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.11 | Submitted as [N] of Lion's Moor, the byname as formed used the post-period possessive form with an apostrophe, and was hard to justify as a reasonable English locative because of, among other things, the absence of lions in England. However, several commenters were able to find support for the form registered [Lyonsmoor]. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR November 1994, p. 5) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.11 | Trevor is a locative surname, from the Welsh tref fawr, "large homestead". The client needs a given name here. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR November 1994, p. 16) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.10 | The usual use of bynames (such as colledig) and of proper names in locative bynames (such was Abertawe) in Welsh is without the article or preposition. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR October 1994, p. 10) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.10 | Welsh does not normally use the definite article for placenames in names. We have therefore dropped it. (Daffydd ap Owain ap Cadell Caer yn Arfon, 10/94 p. 3) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.09 | The locative is extremely unlikely. Wolfscairn is not comparable to Wolferlow (Wulfhere's hl_w - burial mound). Even though cairn/carn is Scots Gaelic and carn is also Welsh, none of the sources show -ca(i)rn as a theme. All available onomastic evidence shows cairn would come as the first element in a placename. Carn and its variants appear in actual placenames only as simplex forms or first elements of compounds, rather than as the final element in a compound such as this. (Even if it were, the locative would more likely be Wolfercairn, following the period examples.) (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR September 1994, p. 20) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda | 1994.08 | [Wesley] The first name was only a surname in period, but is registered to the submitter under the Legal Name Allowance. The use of two locative surnames is unusual and not typical. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR August 1994, p. 2) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda | 1994.08 | Angelena was stated to be a diminutive of the submitter's legal name. The legal name allowance only covers the exact form of the submitter's legal name, not variants or diminutive. We need documentation for Angelena. No documentation was submitted for the byname, nor did any of the commenters find any support for it. We need documentation that "of the Wild Roses" is a period byname or follows a specific pattern of period bynames. (Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR August 1994, p. 19) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 2nd year) | 1994.07 | Submitted as Alison Gray of Owls' Wood, we have modified the name because the apostrophe did not become an obligatory mark of the genitive plural until the 18th century and in period does not appear to have been used in this fashion.(Da'ud ibn Auda, LoAR July 1994, p. 6) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.06 | [Registering Gottfried von der Schwyz.] Submitted as Gottfried von Schwyz, the locative is feminine and seems always to appear with the article ... . [6/94, p.7] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.05 | [Registering Sarai Rose Perlea.] Submitted as Sarai Rose Perlai, the submitted form of the placename is from the Domesday Book, and is entirely out of place with the late period form of the name. We have modified the spelling of the locative to a documented form more compatible with the remainder of the name. [5/94, p.2] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.05 | [Returning Gregor of Falcon's Roost.] The locative is entirely unlikely. As Harpy noted in her commentary, "The English language has 3/4 and had during period 3/4 a perfectly good technical term for the place where falcons 'roost'. It's called a 'mews'. I find it no more likely that a person in period would have felt the need to coin the term 'falcon's roost' than he would have felt the need to coin 'horse shed' to describe a stable." [5/94, p.19] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.04 | [Returning Teresa of Winterhawke.] None of the cited examples justifies this combination in the byname (Wynterskale and Wintretune both obviously refer to places ("hut" and "town", respectively) that are used in winter). No one was able to document any kind of "winter + bird" or "winter + animal" names at all. As a descriptive surname, Winterhawke is unlikely in the extreme; as a place name, it is impossible. [4/94, p.20] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.04 | Submitted as Jean Baylard Silverswan, we have dropped the problematic element. The examples given in the LoI do not adequately support the construction of Silverswan, nor were any of the commenters able to adequately justify it. [4/94, p.11] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.03 | [Returning ... of Emerald Marsh.] In period the word "emerald" was applied only to the gem, not to a color. As emeralds are not normally found in marshes, the place name is extremely unlikely. Would the submitter consider "Greenmarsh"? [3/94, p.14] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.03 | [Returning Catherine du Castelcoeur.] While the French have many versions of Castel{name} and Château{name}, the {name}is a given name in all but one case ("the Moor's castle"). We lack documentation for the submitted form. [3/94, p.17] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.03 | [Returning Den Hornblower of Goodwin Sands] Den is the genitive form, and is therefore inappropriate as a given name. (The equivalent here is Dan's.) Additionally, Goodwin Sands are an extremely unlikely spot for anyone to be from, since they only uncover at low tide. [3/94, p.17] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.03 | Submitted as ... o Tatershal, the Welsh "o" is out of place with the English placename. The simplest course was to simply drop it. [3/94, p.2] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.03 | Submitted as Muirghan Ruadh of Dragoon Keep, "Dragoon" is a post-period term applied to a particular type of pistol, and only later applied to the cavalrymen who carried that pistol. It is not a period variant of "dragon". We have, therefore, dropped it in order to register the name. [3/94, p.9] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.02 | [Returning Oengus of Greymist] The locative is extremely unlikely. We know of no period name formations of this "misty" type. The many "color + thing" locatives the submitter cites in his documentation (e.g., Blackwood, Blackwell, Blacklock, &co.) are all much more "physical" than this proposal. [2/94, p.23] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.02 | [Returning von Lantwüeste.] Unfortunately, none of the documentation in this appeal was strictly to the point. Compound names do not always follow the same rules as phrases. Bach notes that the first element in compounds such as this is always a place name, which Land or Lant is not. [3/94, p.16] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.01 | [Returning Monsdraconis.] The grammar appears to be incorrect; normal Latin formation would keep the elements separate as either Mons Draco (dragon mountain) or as Mons Draconis (dragon's mountain). In addition, the locative would almost certainly use the preposition de, which takes the ablative case, as de Monte Dracone or de Monte Draconis. [1/94, p.13] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1994.01 | Only Green Anchor, among all the commenters, was able to find any support for [of Wolf's End], and even that is a bit of a stretch, since none of the examples of "End" he found had an animal with them. [1/94, p.15] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1993.12a | [Returning Alexander de Saytoune na Ban Dharaich.] There were two problems with the name. The first is the use of de with Saytoune, which is, in Lord Palimpsest's words, "probably not right", owing to the fact that Saytoune does not predate the 15th Century, well after use of "de" disappeared. The second, is that the Gaelic byname is unlikely in the extreme to have been used with what is essentially an English name. While the submitter allowed minor changes, we felt that dropping the "de" and either dropping the byname or translating it into English did not constitute minor changes. [12a/93, p.19] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd tenure, 1st year) | 1993.12a | No one could document or justify the construction of Elkeheorte as a placename or even as a sign name, which it would need to be with "of". Additionally, this particular combination is a mixture of early modern English and old English, which is not permissible. [12a/93, p.16] |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1993.10 | [James o' Gordon] Please make sure the submitter understands that the byname is not a patronymic; it is a toponymic, "of Gordon", the latter being a place. This would be acceptable even without the apostrophe: the OED cites o as a period spelling of "of". (James o' Gordon, October, 1993, pg. 1) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1993.01 | [Wolfgang of Flame] The byname does not seem to be acceptable style. The submitter is from the Barony of the Flame; Wolfgang of the Flame would thus be acceptable. Following the example of his Baron and Baroness, he could also be Wolfgang Flame. But just as those nobles do not style themselves Baron and Baroness of Flame, so is his submitted byname incorrect. As he forbade any changes to his name, this must be returned. (Wolfgang of Flame, January, 1993, pg. 31) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1992.11 | The OED confirms maied as a variant form of mead, "meadow"; ironmaied would be a field where iron could be found (a meteorite fall, or an outcropping of iron ore). The toponymic, though strongly reminiscent of the Iron Maiden, does appear to be a valid construction; and if the submitter can live with the inevitable jokes, so can we. (Darbie of Ironmaid, November, 1992, pg. 2) |
| Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme | 1992.10 | [d'Ailleurs] The French byname literally means "of Elsewhere", which seems highly improbable as a period locative. (Its more common idiomatic meaning is "on the other hand", which makes even less sense.) We have previously returned names whose locatives were this unspecific: v. Dughal MacDonnel of Kennaquhair ("of Know-Not-Where"), LoAR of Oct 91. (Anne-Marie d'Ailleurs, October, 1992, pg. 21) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1992.06 | "The Schwarzwald in German is not a generic 'black wood', but is a specific and very well known place and requires the article. If we might suggest he could change the article von to vom, a contraction of von dem; a change we would have made had he allowed changes." (LoAR 6/92 p.19). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1992.03 | "The documented 'atte Raven' from Reaney's dictionary of British Surnames does not necessarily lend support to 'de Raven' [The 'de' was dropped from the name] (LoAR 3/92 p.6). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1992.03 | "While there was some concern that the byname 'de Lorraine' could be considered presumptuous, the citation in Reaney of 'de Lorreyne' (dated 1333) lends support to the belief that the locative was not restricted solely to members of the Ducal House of Lorraine." (LoAR 3/92 p.3). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1992.01 | [Silverswan] "Given the documented bynames Whitehors, Blaklamb, Grelamb, Gragris, and Whitecou (this last meaning grey swan), we believe that a pattern of such names has been shown to be established." (LoAR 1/92 p.9). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.12 | "Löwenstein and Löwenthal do not appear to be sufficient precedent for allowing Löwenstahl. 'Lion-rock' and 'Lion-valley' are clearly toponymics; 'Lion-steel' is not." (LoAR 12/91 p.19). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.12 | "The citation in Dauzat for 'Loch' by itself lends credence to the use of Loch with the article 'de'." (LoAR 12/91 p.5). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.12 | [de Heather] "Citations in Reaney (Dictionary of British Surnames) of de Brome, de Birches, and de Ayssh, all lend credence to this byname." (LoAR 12/91 p.11). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.12 | [of the Mist] "Barring documentation for a place named 'the Mist', this byname is not a reasonable locative." (LoAR 12/91 p.16). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.11 | "Documentation provided by Lords Habicht and Badger indicate that the use of 'aus' is as acceptable as the more common 'von'." (LoAR 11/91 p.13). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.11 | [Starlake] "Given the existence of Starr as a surname in period (Reaney's dbs p.332), a locative based on 'Starr's lake' makes the locative much more plausible." (LoAR 11/91 p.4). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.11 | [Willowind Manor] "We have also dropped the 'coined place name'. We need some kind of documentation that Willowind is formed in a period manner or otherwise based in period practice." (LoAR 11/91 p.14). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.10 | "By the submitter's own documentation Kennaquhair is 'Scottish for a place which does not exist; a name for some imaginary place.' This does not appear to be a place from which a person could be." (LoaR 10/91 p.10). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.10 | [Avalon] "Although Master Wilhelm when he was Laurel disallowed the use of Avalon as a place from which humans could be, Lady Harpy notes the French town of Avallon in Stephens p.671, which would appear to make this acceptable." (LoAR 10/91 p.5). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.10 | [Longeye] "Lord Badger has been able to find support for the byname as a placename. Old English places that ended in 'eg' or 'haeg' ('island') had their spelling changed over the years to 'ey'. Thus, as <name> from 'Long Island' (Longeye), this name becomes quite reasonable." (LoAR 10/91 p.13). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.10 | [of Snow Roses] "The byname is not a reasonable locative. As Lord Badger noted, while each of the two parts of the byname were used in period, they were not used in the same kinds of bynames. To be used in a period manner, snow would have to be a reasonable descriptive adjective to apply to roses. Barring documentation of such a use in period, this must be returned." (LoAR 10/91 p.17). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.10 | [Willmark] "Several commenters noted that 'dweller at the well border' did not appear to make much sense. However, Ekwall notes that 'well' also means 'spring' or 'stream', making the locative reasonable." (LoAR 10/91 p.12). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.09 | [de Winterhawke] "The locative is highly improbable. Dropping the particle 'de' would probably be sufficient to answer the problem." (LoAR 9/91 p.19). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.08 | "CuáRuadh Keep does not appear to follow the pattern of using an anglicized Irish name in an English style place name (such would much more likely be something akin to Conroe Keep)." (LoAR 8/91 p.17). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.08 | "The problem is that 'Newest South Wales' [the translation of the submitted place] presupposes a 'New South Wales', which is a provably post-period place." (LoAR 8/91 p.24). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.08 | [Baumaris] "Several commenters noted that they could only find Beaumaris, but the submitter's photocopied documentation clearly has Baumaris." (LoAR 8/91 p.9). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.08 | [de Wolfe] "Dauzat, p.201, notes Dewolf as a Flemish name, giving credence to this formation." (LoAR 8/91 p.2). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.08 | [Registering of Daria of Durmast] "Although the citation for Durmast dates only as far back as 1791, Lord Dragon makes a good case for it as a constructed name from period elements." (LoAR 8/91 p.5). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.08 | [Wovenwood] "No documentation was presented to show that it was constructed on a Period pattern per RfS II.2." (LoAR 8/91 p.20). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.07 | [<name> Winterskye] "Conflict with <name> of Skye... because of the way that the Rules for Submission are worded. The only consistent interpretation that we could make was to consider Winterskye to be the addition of an adjective to the noun Skye (or sky)." (LoAR 7/91 p.24). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.07 | [of Coeur Cri] "We have deleted the village name because no evidence was presented that French place names were ever formed in this manner." (LoAR 7/91 p.5). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1991.07 | [of Wyvernsreach] "The place name Drakelow in Ekwall lends credence to the locative." (LoAR 7/91 p.7). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (1st year of 1st tenure) | 1991.06 | [of Windsor] "As the locative is that of a place in England from which a number of people could be, and only comparatively recently adopted as a dynastic name, it is not seen as presumptuous to the ruling family of England." (LoAR 6/91 p.13). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (1st year of 1st tenure) | 1991.05 | [Registering Robert de Spenser of Wessex ] "Although derived from the French 'le Despencer', Reaney in his The Origin of English Surnames, p.158, notes a son of Hugh le Despencer was called Hugh de Spencer (thirteenth century). Thus, this form of the name should be fine." (LoAR 5/91 p.4). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (1st year of 1st tenure) | 1991.01 | "Submitted as <names> of Moonshaven, the locative does not appear to be a place that a human may be 'of', so we have dropped it to register the name and device." (LoAR 1/91 p.18). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (1st year of 1st tenure) | 1991.01 | "Submitted as <names> of Starfyre, the byname was not something that a person could be 'of' or 'from', so we have dropped it on order to register the name." (LoAR 1/91 p.18). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (1st year of 1st tenure) | 1991.01 | "Submitted as <names> of the Rose, the byname implies membership in the Order of the Rose as much as 'of the Laurel', 'of the Chivalry', or 'of the Pelican' imply membership in those orders. We have dropped the byname..." (LoAR 1/91 p.10). |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1990.05.28 | It should be noted that the submittor's evidence does provide some evidence for the occasional use of the locative [Aragon] in simple names (i.e., names not manifesting the paternal/maternal double name), although a majority of these include obviously royal personages.... On the other hand, while the submittor indicates that the single use of the name is clearly associated with royalty (which is not obviously clear) and the double usage [de (placename) y Aragon] she wishes to use is not, the period examples given do not support this distinction.... Of all the "double-barreled" names clearly shown to be in period from the submittor's sample, all had demonstrable links to the Aragonese royal family. (LoAR 26 Nov 89, pp. 20-21) (See also: LoAR 28 May 90, p. 5) |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (1st year of 1st tenure) | 1990.12 | [Lairdragyn] "The locative does not make sense as constructed. Does she perhaps want 'Dragynlair'?" (LoAR 12/90 p.15). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (1st year of 1st tenure) | 1990.11 | " 'Of Many Blue Waters' was not considered by any commentary to be a reasonable placename or byname." (LoAR 11/90 p.14). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (1st year of 1st tenure) | 1990.11 | "Submitted as <given name> of Sableswan, the byname does not appear to be a reasonably formed placename. As it is a reasonable epithet, we have dropped the 'of' to register the name." (LoAR 11/90 p.9). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (1st year of 1st tenure) | 1990.11 | "Submitted as <given name> of Sableswan, the byname does not appear to be a reasonably formed placename. As it is a reasonable epithet, we have dropped the 'of' to register the name." (LoAR 11/90 p.9). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (1st year of 1st tenure) | 1990.11 | "Submitted as <given names> an Bheac in Bh in, 'of the White Mushroom' is simply not a reasonable epithet in any language. We have therefore dropped it." (LoAR 11/90 p.7). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (1st year of 1st tenure) | 1990.11 | [Returning Samrah shel Shemish Blackrune] Samrah is not a reasonable alternate of Sameera/Sam�rah, since the 'ee' is a long vowel and is the accented syllable here and would not be dropped. "Of Sunshine" does not seem to be a reasonable epithet in any language, including Hebrew. Additionally, there is some question as to whether "shemish" (or "shemesh") means "sunshine" or simply "sun", which would clearly be right out. (LoAR 11/90 p.16). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (1st year of 1st tenure) | 1990.10 | [<given name> of Orange] "While William of Orange did appear to be the most famous member of the House, given the facts that there is a town of that name in France and that no evidence was presented that the House of Orange was strictly a royal household in the manner of the Hohenstauffens, but something more along the lines of the families of York and Lancaster, we felt that this name was acceptable." (LoAR 10/90 p.4). |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (1st year of 1st tenure) | 1990.08 | [The byname von An Tir] "The languages of the locative do not match (German and Welsh)." [The submission was returned solely for this reason. This ruling implies that SCA places are not entirely part of the "lingua franca" and are subject to the style rules for linguistic consistency] (LoAR 8/90 p.14). |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1989.09.30 | [de Fay] This is a documented French family name that alludes to an abode by a beech tree, not the form with the simple article (e.g., "le Fee") which has been returned for appearance of claim to non-human origins. (LoAR 30 Sep 89, p. 3) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1989.03.26 | The use of the French "de" with English place names has been well documented in the past. (LoAR 26 Mar 89, p. 12) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1988.01.24 | [Returning of Raymond of Argentwood] The use of the French adjective "argent" in this manner, prefixed to an English noun, does not seem to be period, although Silverwood would be fine. As he forbids even minor changes to his name, the name as a whole must be returned. (LoAR 24 Jan 88, p. 9) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1987.07.26 | As [Name] is a family name derived from a place name, the patronymic particle [Mc] is inappropriate. (LoAR 26 Jul 87, p. 6) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1987.07.26 | By modifying the place name the claim to descent from the historical [Name] is diminished to the point of invisibility and removes the possibility of claim of membership in the already existing houshold of [Name]. (LoAR 26 Jul 87, p. 4) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1987.03.29 | The epithet "de Flora" is in fact precisely the sort of epithet that occurred in medieval Latin when it attempted to render vernacular place name or attribute epithets in official or literary documents (e.g., the twelfth-century theologian Joachim de Floris whose works were condemned by Thomas Aquinas). (LoAR 29 Mar 87, p. 6) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1987.03.29 | This is, unfortunately, a case where context makes this name unacceptable. Thora is a perfectly good Norse theophoric name and has been registered in the past. The submittor also provided maps showing that Asgardur is, on modern maps at least, a location in Iceland.... However, to almost everyone in the Society Asgard (Old Norse Asgardr) means but one thing: the home of the gods in the Scandinavian pantheon. This is just not an acceptable "home town" for someone in the Society. That this place name is combined with a name which differs by only one letter from that of one of the most prominent of the Aesir only makes the twitches produced by the name more pronounced. (LoAR 29 Mar 87, p. 22) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1986.12.28 | [(Name) of Gilnockie] Gilnockie is one of the strongholds of the Armstrongs. This is the sort of allusion to one's mundane heritage that is perfectly licit and should be encouraged (the gentle's mundane family name is Armstrong). (LoAR 28 Dec 86, p. 5) |
| Alisoun MacCoul of Elphane | 1986.09.27 | The name was submitted as Draco of Nolava. [It was] acutely pointed out that this "made-up" place name is merely Avalon spelled backwards. By itself this would be dicey since Avalon has been held before to be out of the human bourne, but in conjunction with the name Draco it is "right out". (LoAR 27 Sep 86, p. 7) |
| Baldwin of Erebor | 1985.06.09 | Caer Dathyl, the home of the godlike wizard Math in the Welsh Mabinogi, is not the sort of place from which ordinary mortals would be expected to hail. [BoE, 9 June 85, p.1] |
| Baldwin of Erebor | 1984.09.28 | The classical Yseult (one of them, anyway) is associated with Brittany, but not, apparently, with the forest of Broceliande. By analogy with the name Ceridwen, it should be possible to be "of" a location in Brittany, even though one may not be Yseult of Brittany. [BoE, 28 Sept 84, p.4] |
| Wilhelm von Schlüssel | 1982.02.26 | "You can be daughter of someone, you can be of or from a place, [but] you cannot be daughter of a place. Period. It is poetic and wrong." [EoE] WVS [63] [LoAR 26 Feb 82], p. 1 |
| Wilhelm von Schlüssel | 1981.02.24 | Given names and place names may be used as surnames, with or without prepositions or patronymics. WVS [35] [CL 24 Feb 81], p. 5 |
| Wilhelm von Schlüssel | 1981.02.23 | Appeal accepted. Place names can be used as surnames without the word "of." WVS [36] [LoAR 23 Feb 81], p. 1 |
| Wilhelm von Schlüssel | 1981.01.23 | You cannot use "of Amber" as a surname, as it implies you are a member of the royal family of the Land of Amber, in the Amber series by Roger Zelazny. WVS [34] [LoAR 23 Jan 81], p. 9 |
| Wilhelm von Schlüssel | 1980.08.27 | N. is a place and so cannot be used as a surname. I have added "of". WVS [23] [LoAR 27 Aug 80], p. 2. [The above statement is completely contrary to medieval practice. Place names were commonly used as surnames.] |
| Wilhelm von Schlüssel | 1980.08.27 | You cannot be a Saint. You cannot use the word Saint in a name except for the case of a place name. WVS [23] [LoAR 27 Aug 80], p. 7. [Names of the form N. Saint M. can be found in period. M. in each case represents the name of an actual Christian saint. It does not imply sanctity on the part of the bearer of the name. The form is probably derived from the use of place names as surnames, a common medieval practice.] |
| Wilhelm von Schlüssel | 1980.07.21 | If I followed your form of reasoning I could not reject any place name, as the person could then just say that that was the name of the mythical estate they had just made up for their persona. Or they could hang a sign on their doorstep with that name and say that was the name of their household. WVS [21] [LoAR 21 Jul 80], p. 14 |
| Wilhelm von Schlüssel | 1980.07.21 | You cannot be of a letter, and you cannot say that that is an estate because it would not be obvious to anyone else that that is the case. However, what you can do is to make it clear in your name. I will accept N. of [letter] Island, but not N. of [letter]. WVS [21] [LoAR 21 Jul 80], p. 12 |
| Wilhelm von Schlüssel | 1980.09.16 | [N. Hightower.] You must still get permission from Randall of Hightower to use his household name. WVS [25] [LoAR 16 Sep 80], p. 7 |
| Wilhelm von Schlüssel | 1980.09.16 | The rule of the College is that a place name must be a place primarily inhabited by ordinary mortals, not a place where occasionally a mortal was invited to visit. I point out that Dante visited Hades and Arthur dwells on Avalon, and yet neither is acceptable. Caer Pedryvan is a famous Castle of the Otherworld, and so is not acceptable as a place name in the SCA. The claim to come from such a place would be to imply either that you were non-mortal, or that you were a hero, since in Celtic mythology anyone coming from such a place would be treated as an extra-ordinary person worthy of great respect. This is too presumptuous. Please take the name of a real place. WVS [25] [LoAR 16 Sep 80], p. 7 |
| Wilhelm von Schlüssel | 1980.03.18 | You cannot be of Evenstar as you can no longer be of a planet or star. In the case of Evenstar it can be used as a descriptive, so it would be acceptable to use N. Evenstar. WVS [13] [LoAR 18 Mar 80], p. 3 |
| Wilhelm von Schlüssel | 1980.05.15 | I have changed this from d'N. to of N. because N. is not French, and therefore the use of d' is not appropriate. WVS [17] [LoAR 15 May 80], p. 2. [Reversed on appeal.] |
| Wilhelm von Schlüssel | 1980.04.14 | Be cannot be of N., because the N. was a creature and you cannot be of a creature unless you are an offspring of it, which I do not think M. is claiming to be. WVS [15] [LoAR 14 Apr 80], p. 1 |
| Wilhelm von Schlüssel | 1980.02.13 | You can be of the Dunedain, as we allow place names from Middle Earth. The Dunedain were the descendants [of] the Numenorians, and this included much of the human population in Arnor and Gondor. WVS [11] [LoAR 13 Feb 80], p. 2 |
| Karina of the Far West | 1979.06.30 | She cannot use "of Epsilon" as this is a letter of the Greek alphabet and NOT a place name. (KFW, 30 Jun 79 [25], p. 33) |
| Wilhelm von Schlüssel | 1979.10.24 | You cannot be of Imladris (also known as Rivendell) as that was a place where only elves dwelt, with the notable exception of Aragorn. WVS [5] [LoAR 24 Oct 79], p. 8 |
| Karina of the Far West | 1977.08.18 | [N. de Gormenghast.] "De" with the name of a castle implies ownership or at least a familial relation to the owner, who in this case is the Earl of Groan. (KFW, 18 Aug 77 [15], p. 3) |
| Karina of the Far West | 1977.08.18 | I regard Lyon[n]esse as quasi-historical, as real as Narnia or Cornwall; it may be used in personal names but not branch names. (KFW, 18 Aug 77 [15], p. 2) |
| Karina of the Far West | 1977.08.11 | "N." is a place name, and would be good as a surname; take a given name. (KFW, 11 Aug 77 [14], p. 6) |
| Karina of the Far West | 1976.01.30 | We'd like a surname in addition to the name of her local branch of the Society. (KFW, 30 Jan 76 [2], p. 5) |
| Karina of the Far West | 1976.06.16 | The name of a branch should not be used as a surname, as it could not be used with the title of (Court) Baron or Baroness. (KFW, 16 Jun 76 [6], p. 4) |
| Ioseph of Locksley | 1974.07.31 | "Nevsky" is a title and may not be used!!! (IoL, 31 Jul 74 [76], p. 7) [This is incorrect. Nevsky (Russian "of the Neva") was a surname earned by Alexander, prince of Novgorod, after his victory over a strong Swedish army at the Battle of Neva in 1240.] |
| Da'ud ibn Auda (2nd year, 1st tenure) | 1992.05 | "'Darkmoon' as an epithet style byname is much more likely than 'of Darkmoon' as a locative byname." [The "of" was dropped from the name] (LoAR 5/92 p.12). |